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考博英语阅读必备核心词汇

考博英语阅读必备核心词汇
考博英语阅读必备核心词汇

考博英语阅读必备核心词汇

abroad adv. ①到国外,在国外,海外②户外,在外③广泛地,到处,遍布

abundant a. ①大量的,充足的②(in)丰富的,富裕的

abuse n./vt. ①滥用,妄用②虐待,伤害③辱骂,毁谤

abusive a. ①滥用的,虐待的②谩骂的,侮辱的

academic a. ①学校的,学院的②学术的③纯理论的,不切实际的n. 大学教师

accompany vt. 陪伴,为…伴奏

account n. ①记述描述,报告②账,账户③解释说明vi. (for)①说明原因②(在数量比例上)占…accounting n. 会计学

accumulate vt. 堆积,积累,积聚vi. 累积,聚集

accuse vt. 指控,控告,谴责

acquire vt. ①取得,获得②学到

act n. ①行为,行动,动作②法令,条例③(戏剧的)(一)幕

admit vt. ①承认,供认②接纳,准许…进入(加入) vi. 承认

adoptive a. ①收养关系的,过继的②采用的,采纳的

adult n. 成年人(或动物) a. ①成年人的,适宜于成年人的②成年的,成熟的

adv. ①向后②回原处,回原状③回,还④以前vt. ①使后退②支持vi. 后退,倒退advancement n. ①前进,进步②推进,增进,促进

adventure n. ①奇遇,异乎寻常的经历②冒险,冒险活动

advocate vt. 拥护,提倡,主张n. 拥护者,提倡者,辩护者

age n.①年龄②老年③时代,时期④[常pl.]很长的一段时间v.①(使)变老,(使)变陈旧②(使)成熟aging n. ①老化②成熟的过程③时效

alter v. 改变,改动,变更

analyse / analyze vt. ①分解,分析,解析②细察,细查

analysis n. 分析,分析报告

annoy vt. ①使烦恼,使生气②骚扰,打扰

anxiety n. ①忧虑,焦急,焦虑②渴望,热望

appointment n. ①约会,约定②指定,委任③职位,职务

appreciation n. ①感谢,感激②评价③欣赏,赏识④(价格)上涨,增值

appropriate a. 适当的,恰如其分的vt. ①私占,侵吞,挪用②拨出(款项等)供专用

approve vt. ①赞成,同意②批准,核准,对…表示认可vi. (常与of 连用)赞成,同意

arms n. pl. ①武器,兵器②兵种

artistic a. 艺术的

assemble vt. ①召集,使集合,使聚集②装配vi. 集合,聚集

asset n. ①有价值的人(或物),优点,长处②[常pl.]资产,财产

assignment n. ①(分派的)任务,(指定的)作业②分配,指派

association n. ①协会,联盟,社团②联合,结合,交往③联想

assume vt. ①假定,假设,设想②承担,担任,就职③呈现,具有,采取

attach vt. ①系,贴,连接②使依恋,使喜爱③认为有(重要性、责任等)④使附属

attend vt. ①出席,参加(会议等),上(学等)②照料,看管,关心vi. 专心于,致力于(to) automated a. 自动化的

automatic a. ①自动的②无意识的n. 自动机械

automobile n. 汽车

available a. ①可用的,可得到的②有用的,有效的③可接受探访的

award n. 奖,奖品,奖金vt. ①授予,给予②判给,裁定

back n. ①背,背部②后面,反面③后卫a. ①后面的,背后的②向后的,反向的

ban n. 禁止,禁令vt. 禁止,查禁,取缔

battle n. ①战役,战斗②斗争,决斗vi. 作战,斗争

bind vt. ①捆,绑②使结合,使粘合③使受(法规或诺言的)约束④装订

boast vi. (of, about)自夸,夸耀vt. ①夸口,吹嘘②以拥有…而自豪n. 自吹自擂,自夸的话boom n. ①激增,繁荣,迅速发展②隆隆声,嗡嗡声vi. ①激增,繁荣,迅速发展②发出隆隆声boost vt. ①提高,使增长②推动,激励③替…做广告,宣传n. ①提高,增长②推动,激励branch n. ①树枝,分枝②(机构)分部③(学科)分科,分支④支流,支线vi. 分支,分出来,出现分歧breed n. 品种,种类vt. ①饲养,繁殖②抚养,培育③酿成,产生,造就vi. 繁殖,产仔

budget n. 预算,预算拨款vi. (for)编预算,做安排vt. 规划,安排a. 低廉的,收费公道的calculate vt. ①计算,核算②推算,推测③计划,打算,蓄意④[美]认为vi. 指望,期待(on, upon) campaign n. 战役,(政治或商业性)活动,运动vi. 参加活动,从事活动,作战

cancel vt. ①取消,废除②抵消,对消③删去,划掉

candidate n. ①申请求职者②投考者③候选人

capture vt. ①俘获,捕获②占领,夺得n. ①俘获,捕获,夺得②俘虏,战利品

career n. 生涯,职业

casual a. ①偶然的,碰巧的②随便的,非正式的③漫不经心的,不经意的④临时的,不定期的chain n. ①链,链条②一连串,一系列③联号,连锁店④[pl.]枷锁,镣铐vt. 用链条拴住

channel n. ①频道②[常pl.]渠道,途径③沟渠④海峡,水道,航道

characteristic n. 特性,特征a. 特有的,典型的

charm n. ①魅力,吸引力②[pl.]妩媚,风韵③护身符,符咒,咒文vt. 吸引,迷住

chart n. ①图,图表②航图,海图vt. 用图表表示,在图上表示

cite vt. ①引用,引证②传唤,传讯③表彰,嘉奖

civilian n. ①平民,老百姓(与军人相对)②(军中的)文职人员③公务员,文官a. 民间的,民用的civilization n. 文明

claim vt. ①声称,断言②对…提出要求,索取③(灾难等)使…失踪或死亡④需要,值得

classify vt. 把…分类,把…分级

client n. 委托人,当事人,客户

code n. 代码,密码,准则,法规vt.将…编码

combat n. 战斗,斗争,格斗v. 与…斗争,与…战斗

commercial a. ①商业的,商务的,贸易的②商品化的,商业性的n. 商业广告

communicate vi. ①交流,交际,沟通,通讯②连接,相通vt. ①传达,传播②传染

community n. ①社区,社会②团体,…界③(生物)群落④(政治)共同体⑤共有,一致comparable a. ①可与…相比较的(with)②比得上…的(to)

competition n. 竞争,竞赛

component n. 成分,部分,部件,元件a. 组成的,构成的

conceal vt. 隐藏,隐蔽,隐瞒,掩盖

concede vt. ①(不情愿地)承认,承认…为真(或正确)②(在结果确定前)承认(失败)③让与concentrate vt. ①(使)集中②(使)浓缩vi. ①集中(注意力、思想等)②浓缩n. 浓缩物,浓缩液concentration n. ①集中②专心,专注③浓缩,浓度

concept n. 观念,概念

concern vt.①涉及到②使关心,使担心n.①有关的事②关心,担心③关系关联④公司,企业concludevt. ①使结束②推断出,推论出,断定③缔结,议定vi. 结束,终结

confirm vt. ①证实,肯定②进一步确定,确认③批准

constitution n. ①宪法,章程②体质,体格,素质③构造,组成,政体④制定,设立

consult vt. ①请教,找…商量②查阅,查看vi. 交换意见,商议

consulting a. 咨询的,顾问的

content n. ①[常用pl.]内容,目录②容量,含量③满意,满足

contribution n. ①贡献,促成作用②捐献物,捐款③(投给报刊等的)稿件

contributor n. 贡献者,捐助者,投稿者

controversy n. 争论,辩论,论战

convey vt. ①表达,传达,传递②运送,输送

cope vi. (with) (成功地)应付,(妥善地)处理

counter n. ①柜台②计数器③筹码④相反的事物⑤(拳击、击剑等)还击

countryside n. 农村,乡下

couple n. ①一对,一双②两三个,(少数)几个③夫妻vt. 连接,使成对

cover vt. ①覆盖,掩盖②范围为③包括,涉及,适用于④报道,采访⑤掩护n. 盖子,封面,掩蔽(物) creativity n. 创造(力)

cross n. 十字,十字架,十字路口,十字形物a. ①交叉的,交互的②脾气坏的,易怒的

cultural a. 文化的

current a. ①现时的,当前的②流行的,流传的n. ①(空气、水等的)流,潮流②电流③趋势,倾向custom n. ①习惯,风俗,惯例②[pl.][用作sing.]海关,关税

deceive vt. 欺骗,蒙蔽

decline n. ①下降,下跌②衰落,衰退③斜面,斜坡vi. ①下降,下跌②衰落,衰退vt. 谢绝,拒绝conclude vt. ①使结束②推断出,推论出,断定③缔结,议定vi. 结束,终结

confirm vt. ①证实,肯定②进一步确定,确认③批准

constitution n. ①宪法,章程②体质,体格,素质③构造,组成,政体④制定,设立

consult vt. ①请教,找…商量②查阅,查看vi. 交换意见,商议

consulting a. 咨询的,顾问的

content n. ①[常用pl.]内容,目录②容量,含量③满意,满足

contribution n. ①贡献,促成作用②捐献物,捐款③(投给报刊等的)稿件

contributor n. 贡献者,捐助者,投稿者

controversy n. 争论,辩论,论战

convey vt. ①表达,传达,传递②运送,输送

cope vi. (with) (成功地)应付,(妥善地)处理

counter n. ①柜台②计数器③筹码④相反的事物⑤(拳击、击剑等)还击

countryside n. 农村,乡下

couple n. ①一对,一双②两三个,(少数)几个③夫妻vt. 连接,使成对

cover vt. ①覆盖,掩盖②范围为③包括,涉及,适用于④报道,采访⑤掩护n. 盖子,封面,掩蔽(物) creativity n. 创造(力)

creativity n. 创造(力)

cross n. 十字,十字架,十字路口,十字形物a. ①交叉的,交互的②脾气坏的,易怒的

cultural a. 文化的

current a. ①现时的,当前的②流行的,流传的n. ①(空气、水等的)流,潮流②电流③趋势,倾向custom n. ①习惯,风俗,惯例②[pl.][用作sing.]海关,关税

deceive vt. 欺骗,蒙蔽

decline n. ①下降,下跌②衰落,衰退③斜面,斜坡vi. ①下降,下跌②衰落,衰退vt. 谢绝,拒绝

defenseless a. 无防备的

define vt. ①给…下定义,解释,详细说明②规定,限定,界定

delete vt. 删除

deliberately adv. 故意地

delicious a. ①美味的,芬芳的②有趣的,怡人的

delight n. ①快乐,高兴②使人高兴的东西(或人),乐事,乐处vt.使高兴,使欣喜vi.喜爱,感到高兴demand n. ①要求②需要,需求(量) vt. ①要求,强令②需要③询问,查问

demanding a. 过分要求的,苛求的

demonstrate vt. ①论证,证明②说明,演示③显示,表露vi. 举行示威游行(或集会)

deny vt. ①否认,否定②拒绝

depart vi. [常与from 连用]①离开,出发②背离,违反

derive vt. ①取得,得到②追溯…的起源(或来由) vi. 起源,衍生

deserve vt. 应受,值得,应该得到[此词不用进行事态,也不用被动语态]

destination n. 目的地

deterrent a. 阻碍的,制止的,威慑的n. 威慑

device n. ①装置,设备,器械②手段,策略

devote vt. ①把…专用于(to)②将…奉献给(to)

diet n.①日常饮食②(病人或减肥者)特种饮食,规定饮食vt.给…指定饮食vi.节食,进特种饮食disintegration n. ①瓦解,崩溃②分裂,分解,蜕变

dismiss vt. ①解散,遣散②解雇,开除,将…免职③消除(顾虑等),不考虑,不理会④驳回,不受理dispute n. 争论,争端,争吵vt. 对…表示异议,就…发生争论vi. 争论,争吵

distinguish v. 区分,辨别

disturb vt. ①打扰,妨碍②使不安,使烦恼③弄乱,打乱

disuse n. / vt. 不用,废弃

diverse a. 不同的,多种多样的

diversity n. 差异,多样性

document n. 文件,公文,证件vt. 用文件(或文献)等证明,记载

domestic a. ①本国的,国内的②家(庭)的,家用的③驯养的

dominant a. ①占优势的,支配的,统治的②居高临下的,高耸的

dominate vt. ①在…中占首要地位②支配,统治,控制③高于俯视vi. 处于支配地位downsize v. 缩小,减小(规模)

ease n. ①容易,不费力②悠闲,舒适,自在v. (使)舒适,放松,减轻

economical a. 节约的,经济的

edge n.①棱,边缘②刀口,刃③优势,优越地位vt.①使锋利②加边于v.(使)慢慢移动,侧身挤过electrically adv. 电力(地),与电有关(地),电气化(地)

elevate vt. ①举起,提高,抬高,提升②鼓舞,振奋,使情绪高昂,使兴高采烈

eliminate vt. ①排除,消除②淘汰

embarrass vt. 使困窘,使尴尬,使不好意思

embarrassment n. ①窘迫,困惑,为难,苦恼②(经济上)困难,拮据③令人困窘的人或事emerge vi. ①浮现,出现(from)②(问题等)发生,显露,(事实等)暴露

emission n. ①发出,发射,放射,排放(物)②(纸币等的)发行额,发行③遗精

enable vt. 使能够,使可能,使可行

endanger vt. 危及,危害

endurance n. 忍耐(力),持久(力),耐久(性)

enforcement n. 实施,执行,强制

engineering n. 工程(学)

enroll vi. 入学,入会,入伍,成为成员vt. 招收,吸收,使加入,使成为成员

ensure vt. 保证,担保,确保

enthusiasm n. ①热情,热心②巨大兴趣,热中的事物

episode n.①(一连串事件中的)一个事件②(剧本小说等的)一段情节,片断,插曲,连续剧的一集estate n. ①地产②财产③(住宅或工业等)区,庄园,种植园④人生阶段

estimate n. ①估计,估价,概算②评价,看法v. 估计,估价,评价

exclaim v. 呼喊,惊叫,大声叫

exhibit vt. ①显示,显出②展出,展览,陈列n. 展览品,陈列品

expand v. ①扩大,扩张,扩展②膨胀

expenditure n. ①经费,费用②花费,支出,消耗

expense n. ①花费,费用,开销②[pl.]经费,…费,开支

explosion n. ①爆炸,爆发②急速扩张,激增

factor n.①因素,要素②因子,因数③代理人vt.①对…作因式分解,分解…的因子②代管fame n. 声誉,名望,名声

fatal a. ①致命的,灾难性的,毁灭性的②重大的,决定性的

favor n. ①好感,欢心,喜爱,宠爱②赞同,支持③恩惠,帮忙,善意的行为

fearful a. ①可怕的,吓人的②不安的,忧虑的

figure n. ①数字②名人③外形,轮廓,身段④画像,塑像⑤(插)图,图表⑥[pl]计算,算术finance n. ①财政,金融②[常pl.]财源,资金vt. ①为…提供资金②接济,出钱给

finding n. ①发现(物),所见②[常pl.]调查(或研究)的结果③裁决

fitness n. ①适当,适宜,适应性②健康

flatter vt. ①向…谄媚,奉承②使满意,使高兴,使感到荣幸③使显得(比实际)好看,使显得突出focus v. (on)(使)聚焦,(使)集中n. ①焦点,焦距,聚焦②(注意、活动等的)中心

foreign a. ①外国来的,外国产的②对外的,涉外的③外来的,异质的④(常与to 连用)无关的foreseeable a. 可预见的

forge vt. ①伪造(货币、文件等),假冒②锻造,锤炼

formality n. ①形式,礼仪②手续

frequent a. 时常发生的,频繁的

freshman n. 新生,大学一年级学生

function n. ①功能,作用,职能②重大聚会(或宴会)③函数,随他物变化而变化的事物

fund n. ①基金②[pl.]资金,存款,现金vt. 为…提供资金,给…拨款

fundamental a. 基本的,根本的,基础的n. [pl.]基本原则,基本法则

gasoline n. 汽油

genuine a. ①真的,非人造的②真诚的,真心的

gray / grey n. 灰色a. ①灰色的,灰白的②阴沉的③灰白发的,年老的v. (使)变成灰色graying n. ①泛灰(色)②[喻指]老龄化

gross a. ①总的,毛的②严重的,显著的③粗俗的,粗野的④臃肿的n. 总额,总量vt. 总共赚得guideline n. 指导方针

hazard n. 危险,危害,公害vt. 冒…的危险

headline n. 大字标题

headline n. 大字标题

historically adv. 在历史上,从历史观点上说

host n. ①主人,东道主,节目主持人②许多(a host of)

humanistic a. 人文主义的

hurricane-proof a. 防飓风的

ignore vt. 不理睬,忽视,(因证据不足而)驳回

ignore vt. 不理睬,忽视,(因证据不足而)驳回

institute n. 研究所,学院,学会vt. 建立,设立

instruction n. ①[常pl.]命令,指示,用法说明(书)②教学,教导

intake n. ①(水,气体等管路的)入口,进口②吸入,引入③吸入(或引入)量intellect n. ①智力,智能,才智②智者

intentional a. 有意的,故意的

interact vi. 相互作用,相互影响

interaction n. 相互作用,相互影响

interfere vi. ①(常与in 连用)干涉,干预②(常与with 连用)妨碍,打扰introduce vt. ①介绍②引进,传入③提出(议案等)供讨论

investigation n. 调查,调查研究

involve vt. ①包含,含有②使卷入,使参与③牵涉,涉及

irresponsible a. 不负责任的,不可靠的

journal n. ①杂志,期刊,日报②日志,日记③日记账,分类账

justifiable a. 有理由的

kid n. ①小山羊②小孩,年轻人v. 戏弄,哄骗,开玩笑

label n. ①标签,标记②称号vt. ①贴标签于②把…称作…

launch vt. ①使(船)下水②发起,发动,创办,推出③发射,投掷

layer n. 层,阶层,层次

layoff n. ①临时解雇,临时停业,临时失业②活动停止期间,失业期,非参赛期legislation n. ①法律,法规②立法,法律的制定(或通过)

lessen vt. ①使缩小,使减少,使减轻②贬低,轻视vi. 变小,减少,减轻license n. ①许可证,执照②许可,特许vt. ①给…发许可证,准许

link n. ①环节,联系,纽带②链环,连杆,铰链③(通讯)线路v. 连接,联系

list n. 表,目录,名单vt. 把…编列成表,列举

literally adv. ①逐字地,照原文、照字面地②确实地,真正地③简直

liver n. ①肝脏②生活者,居住者,生活优裕的人,懂得生活的人

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