昆明理工大学2019 年博士研究生招生考试试题（A）
考试科目代码：1111 考试科目名称：英语
试题适用招生专业：全校
考生答题须知
1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。
4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。
Section I Structure and Vocabulary ( 15 points )
Directions: In this part, there are fifteen incomplete sentences. For each sentence four alternatives A, B, C or D are given. Decide which of the alternatives best completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET .
1.Uncertainty about the economy is ______ as serious unemployment takes place.
A.limited
B. anywhere
C. decreased
D. widespread
2.Despite an easy-going man in character, Professor Harris ts' osn cs om me eancademic arguments
can be rather ____ a t times.
A.harsh
B. precise
C. pleasant
D. satiate
3.In reading a newspaper, the editorial page is highly recommended not only for vocabulary but also for structuring and presenting thought.
A worthy of
B wordy of
C remembered
D recommenced
4.Being late for an appointment is annoying.
A.irrigating
B. intriguing
C. irritating
D. intimidating
5.The criminal was asked to aid police in their inquiry.
A.interview
B. question
C. investigation
D. interrogation
6.Tourists are being offered an excursion to see the biggest slum in Asia and experience for themselves the the lives of the rich and the poor.
A.disparity of
B. difference between
C. disparity between
D. difference of
7.Ask anyone why there is an obesity and they will tell you that it's all down to eating
too much and burning too few calories .
A.popularity
B. currency
C. present
D. epidemic
8.As a result of his method for early music education, Shinichi Suzuki one of t he world
great violin teachers.
A.knows that
B. has been known as
C. is well known of
D. has been known for
9.There are now many kinds of dictionaries, such as a dictionary of synonyms and antonyms, a biographical dictionary, and a geographical dictionary .
A.with pronunciations given
B. that has pronunciations given
C. that have pronunciations given
D. that do have pronunciations given
10.Each night when ___ , my parents lit the fire in the bedroom.
A.the temperature fell
B. that the temperature did fall
C. the temperature fell down
D. because the temperature fell
11.With spring, plants in the wildness grew greener.
A. their lands
B. their interests
C. the plains that could be overlooked
D. the way they make their buildings
B.traveling to new places and meeting new people will make us poorer than ever
C.if we cannot see the differences when traveling afar, what 's the use of traveling?
D.if we cannot see the differences when traveling afar, we can infinitely eat the same food and wear the same clothes
23.The word “homogeneity ” may probably mean .
A. homo sapiens
B. homosexuality
C. sameness
D. homeliness
Passage Three
Smith '1s7 76 work, "An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations," also shortened as "The Wealth of Nations," appeared at the dawn of industrial development in Europe. While critics note that Smith didn't invent many of the ideas that he wrote about, he was the first person to compile and publish them in a format designed to explain them to the average reader of the day. As a result, he is responsible for popularizing many of the ideas that underpin the school of thought that became known as classical economics.
Other economists built on Smith's work to solidify classical economic theory,which would become the dominant school of economic thought through the Great Depression. In this book, Smith discussed the stages of evolution of society, from a hunter stage without property rights or fixed residences to nomadic agriculture with shifting residences. A feudal society is the next stage. In this stage, laws, and
are established to protect privileged classes. Laissez-faire (自由放任) or
free markets characterize modern society in which new institutions are established to conduct market transactions.
Laissez-faire philosophies, such as minimizing the role of government intervention and taxation in the free markets, and the idea that an "invisible hand" guides supply and demand are among the key ideas Smith's writing is responsible for promoting. These ideas reflect the concept that each person, by looking out for him or herself, inadvertently helps to create the best outcome for all. "It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker, that we can expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest," Smith wrote.
st
24.In the 1 paragraph, the author says that .
A. ideas in “the Wealth of Nations ”had never been known to ordinary readers before Smith proposed them
B.it was not until the publication of Smith 's book did some of the ideas become popular
C.these ideas had long been known to people in Europe but Smith framed them into his writing
D.Smith didn 't invent any of these ideas that he wrote about,but he was the first to know about them.
25.In the 2nd paragraph, Smith divided stages of social evolution into .
A. three stages, i.e., hunter stage, stage of nomadic agriculture and stage of feudal society and each is distinguished with property right
B.two stages, i.e., stage of hunter and nomadic agriculture, and stage of feudal society and each is distinguished with fixed residence
C.four stages, i.e., hunter stage, stage of nomadic agriculture, stage of feudal society and stage of privileged classes, each distinguished with shifting residence
D.three stages, i.e., hunter stage, stage of nomadic agriculture and stage of feudal
society, each distinguished with fixed residence, shifting residence and property right
26.Which of the following is not the key idea of Adam Smith?
A. There is an invisible hand guiding supply and demand in the free market.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ba12636859.html,ernment should give the least intervention into the market.
C.Each person should work inadvertently on their own.
D. A baker 's interest may bring us the meal that we expect.
27.“Invisible hand ” in this context refers to .
A. demand and supply in a free market could be regulated on its own
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ba12636859.html,ernment 's role could be self-reduced through minimization
C.benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker cannot be seen
D.ideas proposed by Smith are invisible but have to be written and published
Passage Four
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. These processes include learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using the information), reasoning (using rules to reach approximate or definite conclusions) and self-correction. Particular applications of AI include expert systems, speech recognition and machine vision.
AI can be categorized as either weak or strong. Weak AI, also known as narrow AI, is an AI system
that is designed and trained for a particular task. Virtual personal assistants, such as Apple's Siri, are a form of weak AI. Strong AI, also known as artificial general intelligence, is an AI system with generalized human cognitive abilities. When presented with an unfamiliar task, a strong AI system is able to find a solution without human intervention.
Because hardware, software and staffing costs for AI can be expensive, many vendors are including AI components in their standard offerings, as well as access to Artificial Intelligence as a Service (AIaaS) platforms. AI as a Service allows individuals and companies to experiment with AI for various business purposes and sample multiple platforms before making a commitment. Popular AI cloud offerings include Amazon AI services, IBM Watson Assistant, Microsoft Cognitive Services and Google AI services.
Some industry experts believe that the term artificial intelligence is too closely linked to popular culture, causing the general public to have unrealistic fears about artificial intelligence and improbable expectations about how it will change the workplace and life in general. Researchers and marketers hope the label augmented intelligence, which has a more neutral connotation, will help people understand that AI will simply improve products and services, not replace the humans that use them.
28.The machine that owns the processes to c ould be called AI.
A. learn, correct itself and recognize speech
B.to see, learn by itself and recognize
C.to correct itself and learn by itself and judge on its own
D. to recognize human speech, play the role of expert and hear what human says
29.The main difference between strong and weak AI is that .
A. strong AI is based on more general cognitive ability than a weak one
B. a weak AI can fulfill a particular mission more efficiently than a strong one
C.given an unfamiliar task, a weak AI would recognize it immediately
precise and exact. There is no more difference, but there is just the same kind of
difference, between the mental operations of a man of science and those of an ordinary
person, as there is between the operations and methods of a baker or a butcher weighing
out his goods in common scales, and the operations of a chemist in performing a difficult
and complex analysis by means of his balance and finely graduated weights. It is not that
the action of scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the
principles of their construction or manner of working; but the beam of one is set on a
indefinitely finer axis than the other, and of course turns by the addition of a much
smaller weight.
32. _________ Methods of scientific investigation, regardless of natural science and
social science or humanities studies, are .
A. different in essence
B. of great difference in scale
C. similar in phenomena
D. basically similar
33.According to the passage, the difference between a chemist and a butcher weighing
something is that
valid
更加努力地去运转。在外语环境中，人会更加客观，因为在用外语表达时，他们更加善于避开对自身文化的批评。
Section IV Writing (20 points)
Directions: Last year, the marriage rate nationwide dipped to 7.2 newly wedded couples per 1,000 people, dropping for the fifth consecutive year, according to the National Bureau of Statistics and the Ministry of Civil Affairs. The rate stood at 9.9 per 1,000 in 2013, and was 7.7 in 2017.
In this section you are required to write an essay under the title “Low Marriage Rate: Is It Good?”. You must
First, display your own view on whether you are for or against the low marriage rate ; Then, analyze and present your demonstration on why your argument is reasonable;
Finally, bring your writing to a conclusion or suggestions.
Your essay must be no less than 200 words and written on the ANSWER SHEET .
武汉大学 2017年攻读博士学位研究生外语综合水平考试试题 （满分值100分） 科目名称：英语科目代码：1101 注意：所有的答题内容必须写在答案纸上，凡写在试题或草稿纸上的一律无效。 Part I Reading Comprehension (2’×20 = 40 points) Directions:In this part of the test, there will be 5 passages for you to read. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements, and each question or unfinished statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are to decide on the best choice by blackening the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage One Mr Gordon is right that the second industrial revolution involved never-to-be-repeated changes. But that does not mean that driverless cars count for nothing. Messrs Erixon and Weigel are also right to worry about the West’s dismal recent record in producing new companies. But many old firms are not run by bureaucrats and have reinvented themselves many times over: General Electric must be on at least its ninth life. And the impact of giant new firms born in the past 20 years such as Uber, Google and Facebook should not be underestimated: they have all the Schumpeterian characteristics the authors admire. On the pessimists’ side the strongest argument relies not on closely watching corporate and investor behavior but rather on macro-level statistics on productivity. The figures from recent years are truly dismal. Karim Foda, of the Brookings Institution, calculates that labor productivity in the rich world is growing at its slowest rate since 1950. Total factor productivity (which tries to measure innovation) has grown at just 0.1% in advanced economies since 2004, well below its historical average. Optimists have two retorts. The first is that there must be something wrong with the figures. One possibility is that they fail to count the huge consumer surplus given away free of charge on the internet. But this is unconvincing. The official figures may well be understating the impact of the internet revolution, just as they downplayed the impact of electricity and cars in the past, but they are not understating it enough to explain the recent decline in productivity growth. Another, second line of argument that the productivity revolution has only just begun is more persuasive. Over the past decade many IT companies may have focused on things that were more “fun than fundamental” in Paul Krugman’s phrase.But Silicon Valley’s best companies are certainly focusing on things that change the material world.
Unit one Stumbling block in intercultural communication 1 在这个国际舞台发生重大变化的时刻，探讨为什么尝试交流的结果却令人失望的原因是必要的，这些原因实际上是跨文化交流中的绊脚石。 It’s appropriate at this time of major changes in the international scene to take a look at some of the disappointing results of attempts at communication. They are actually stumbling block in international communication. 7 本国居民可能会被灌输有这种期望：既然外国人穿着合适，并且能说一些本国话，那么他或她也有同样的非语言的准则、想法和感觉。 The native inhabitants are likely to be lulled into the expectation that ,since the foreign person is dressed appropriately and speak some of the language,he or she will also have similar nonverbal codes ,thoughts and feelings. 8 更糟糕的问题是死死抱住新语言中一个词汇或短语的一种意义，而不顾隐含义和语境。 A worse language problem is the tenacity with which someone will cling to just one meaning of a word or phrase in the new language, regardless of connotation or context. 11 先入为主和程式化思维的现象
2012年厦门大学考博英语真题及详解 科目代码：1101 科目名称：英语 考生须知：所有答案（包括选择题、填空题)均必须写在答题纸：在试题纸上作答的内容均不予评阅、判分，后果考生自负。 Part I.Vocabulary and Structure(15%) Directions:There are30incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 1.The weather wasn’t favorable and both teams had to______icy rain and a strong wind during the match. A.pin down B.get stuck in C.take control of D.contend with 【答案】D 【解析】句意：天气不太好，比赛过程中两支球队还不得不应对冰冷的雨水和狂风。contend with对付；与…作斗争。pin down确定；使受约束；阻止。get stuck in陷入了…；加紧进行。take control of控制。 2.People planning to travel by car to North Dakota in the winter are advised to______their cars with snow tires and warm clothing. A.install B.purchase C.provide D.equip 【答案】D 【解析】句意：计划冬季开车去北达科他州旅行的人们应当给车安雪地轮胎并备上保暖衣物。equip…with为惯用搭配，意为“装备；以…装备”。install安装；任命；安顿。
Keys to Paper A (1---65 题每题一分，客观题共65分) 1-10 B D A C B C C D A B 11-20 A B D A C A D C B D 21-30 B D C A B D C A C B 31-45 D A D A B D C A C B C D C A B 46-55 A D C A B A C C D D 56-65 A C D B D A B C C D Part IV 汉译英（评分给正分，每小题都需打分，精确到0.5分） 1. China is a large country with four-fifths of the population engaged in agriculture, but only one tenth of the land is farmland, the rest being mountains, forests and places for urban and other uses. (2分) 2. An investigation indicates that non-smoking women living in a smoking family environment for 40 years or still longer will have double risk of developing lung cancer. （2分） 3. In our times, anyone who wants to play an important role in a society as he wishes must receive necessary education. With the development of science, more courses are offered in primary schools and middle schools. Compared with the education in the past, modern education places more stress on practicality. (3 分) 英译汉（评分给正分，每小题都需打分，精确到0.5分） 4. 程式化思维是人们交流的绊脚石，因为它有碍于人们对事物的客观观察。客观观察指人 们敏感地搜寻线索，引导自己的想象更接近他人的现实。（2分） 5. 当经济学家最初探讨经济发展的原因时，他们发现：人们一直认为无法解释的剩余因素是人力资本。人力资本，即人口的技能，是造成各国生产力差距以及地位不平等的一个重要因素。（3分） 6. 下文从解决妇女贫困问题的角度出发，探讨两性平等、减轻贫困和环境的可持续性诸目的之间的协同作用，涉及能源短缺、水资源缺乏、健康、气候变化、自然灾害，以及授予妇女在农业、林业、生态多元化管理领域中的权力使之创造可持续的生存方式等问题。（3分） Part V Summary （20分） 评分标准：主要看考生是否了解概要写作的方法以及能否用恰当的语言来表达。概要一定要客观简洁地表达原文的主要内容，不需要评论，不能照抄原文。具体给分标准为：（1）内容和形式都达标，仅有一二处小错：18-19分。（2）内容缺少一到三点，形式错误不过三处：16-17分。（3）内容欠缺较多，形式错误有五六处：14-15分。（4）内容欠缺较多，形式错误有十来处：12-13分。 Science and Humanity The twentieth century has made greater change to the world, which was brought by the progress in science, than any previous century. Unfortunately, not all these changes did good to the human society. Some of them have done serious damage to mankind and have been even predicted to destroy the whole world someday if out of control. In fact, mankind is not biologically programmed for violent behaviors like war. People are faced with a dilemma in which we would like to see science develop freely, but cannot afford the result of that. It is a
Intercultural Communication In recent years, it is widely acknowledged that interculturalcommunication has been becoming an increasingly common phenomenon. From my point of view, a number of factors could account for this trend. First and foremost, the development of transportation.Now jet planes fly everywhere. It used to take months to travel from Shanghai to Los Angeles, but now it takes only 12 hours. It is now much easier for people to move from one country to another. People of different countries and races get together much oftener than before. What’s more, the advancementof communication means. Nowadays people get in touch with each other in various ways, through internet, telephone, mobile phone and so on. These efficient means sharply promote intercultural communication to a large extent. Besides, the ongoingof economicglobalization.Since economic globalization lead to the production and market globalization, more and more multinational corporations now operate in quite a few countries. Theiremployees are of different ethnic groups and from different countries. Last but not the list, the increasing of https://www.doczj.com/doc/ba12636859.html,lions of people now move across national borders every year. Therefore, all these causes contribute to the fact that intercultural communication is now a daily occurrence. Its importance now is being recognized by a growing number of people.
2018厦门大学考博英语作文范文带译文 导读：本文2018厦门大学考博英语作文范文带译文，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。 厦门大学(2013) Directions: You are asked to write an essay on the following topic: Many universities and colleges offer qualification: through some sort of distance learning using the Internet, rather than by face-to-face contact in a classroom. In your opinion, do the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages of learning in this way? You should write at least 250 words. You should use your own ideas, knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence. 【参考范文】 Online Learning Never Outweigh Face-to-face Learning With the development of internet technology, many educational institutions including some colleges and universities begin to provide online course for those who cannot or are not willing to attend the class. Undoubtedly, it is very convenient for people, especially those in remote areas to learn knowledge. They neither need to move into the same
2008年武汉大学博士研究生入学英语试题 及详解
2008年武汉大学博士研究生入学英语试题及详解 Part I Reading Comprehension (40%, 1=2 points) Directions: There are 5 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the following passage: Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asks the crowd assembled in the auction-room to make offers, or "bids", for the various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called "knocking down" the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a table at which he stands. This is often set on a raised platform called a rostrum. （definition）→ what The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction, and the English word comes from the Latin Autcio, meaning "increase". The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war; these sales were called sub hasta, meaning "under the spear", a spear being stuck in the ground as a signal for a crowd to gather. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, goods were often sold "by the candle": a short candle was lit by the auctioneer, and bids could be made while it stayed alight.（history）→ how Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction. Among these are coffee, hides, skins, wool, tea, cocoa, furs, spices, fruit and vegetables and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property, antique furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and similar works of art. The auction-rooms as Christie's and Sotheby's in London and New York are world-famous. （goods/items）→ how An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by prospective buyers. I f the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods
2015年武汉大学考博英语真题及详解 Part ⅠReading Comprehension (2×20=40分) Directions: In this part for the test, there will be 5 passages for you to read. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements, and each question or unfinished statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are to decide on the best choice by blackening the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage One Justice in society must include both a fair trial to the accused and the selection of an appropriate punishment for those proven guilty. Because justice is regarded as one form of equality, we find in its earlier expressions the idea of a punishment equal to the crime. Recorded in the Old Testament is the expression “an eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth.”That is, the individual who has done wrong has committed an offence against society. T o make up for his offence, society must get even. This can be done only by doing an equal injury to him. This conception of retributive justice is reflected in many parts of the legal documents and procedures of modern times. It is illustrated when we demand the death penalty for a person who had committed murder. This philosophy of punishment was supported by the German idealist Hegel. He believed that society owed it to the criminal to give a punishment equal to the crime he had committed. The criminal had by his own actions denied his true self and it is necessary to do something that will counteract
灯塔之光--就业小贴士之一：关于考博 经常有同学问起，考博需要准备多长的时间，现在准备是否还来得及等等，关于考博时间安排的问题，结合个人了解的情况和一些和朋友们交流的经验，简要介绍以下时间的安排，按以下几个部分分开讨论 考博的时间主要分以下几个部分： 1、确定学校的时间。 2、联系导师的时间。 3、英语准备的时间。 4、专业课准备的时间。 其实从这些时间的安排大家也就可以知道了整个考博的准备的过程。关于确定学校和联系导师的时间，没有什么固定的时间可言。可是却在整个考博的过程中却是决定成本与否最关键的一个时间段。关于考博学校的选择，个人觉得还是学校第一，地点第二，导师第三。当然如果三者都可以兼顾上当然更好。读博本身就是一件成本很高的一件事情，所以如果要想读，而且不让自己留下太多的遗憾的话，就读好的学校，这样也许才不会让自己留下太多的遗憾和懊悔。在城市方面北京、上海我觉得是首选的城市，毕竟一个人的发展，个人的能力是很重要的，机遇也很重要……我这里要提到的就是一个人的视野非常的重要，在大的城市读博，在人生面临选择的重要关头，通过在大城市宽广视野的洗礼，我想大家都会作出正确人生选择的。哪怕回到内地，发展毕竟曾经对大城市了解过，经历过，对于以后的发展都是会有帮助的。其实就那几个城市，一个城市也就那几所大学，等到大家确定好城市和学校以后，就到了第二个时间段了，联系导师的时间，这个也是不定的，是不是越早越好，这个将在下一篇文章中讨论，这里只是谈一下时间“长度”的问题，关于导师联系点，我认为大家可以采用广撒网的方法，首先结合个人的学术经历，个人的学科背景，个人的兴趣爱好等等一些方面，选择一些自己感兴趣的导师，这里大家不要过多的考虑导师是否会要我这个问题，每个导师对于学术方面的发展有其自己的规划，你是否是最适合的，只有导师站在他的角度去考虑才是最真实的，所以不需要自己给自己找个理由就放弃了，确定好导师以后，就给他们发email，通过他们回信来判断导师是否对自己有兴趣。在这种方法下再去确定导师是最有效的，也是最节省时间的。根据导师的回信，一般会找到几个对自己感兴趣的导师，最后再根据个人的情况有所取舍，留下一到两个继续保持联系，继续保持联系的目的，一是找到一个最自己最敢兴趣的，这样可以在保证分数够的情况下，肯定录取，二是为了对于导师的为人还有课题有进一步的了解为最终的判断提供信息。到目前为止学校、导师都确定了，这一步走好了，才能保证你一下的复习是有意义的。
2017年武汉大学考博英语真题及答案 注意：所有的答题内容必须写在答案纸上，凡写在试题或草稿纸上的一律无效。 Part I Reading Comprehension (2’×20 = 40 points) Directions: In this part of the test, there will be 5 passages for you to read. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements, and each question or unfinished statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are to decide on the best choice by blackening the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage One Mr Gordon is right that the second industrial revolution involved never-to-be-repeated changes. But that does not mean that driverless cars count for nothing. Messrs Erixon and Weigel are also right to worry about the West’s dismal recent record in producing new companies. But many old firms are not run by bureaucrats and have reinvented themselves many times over: General Electric must be on at least its ninth life. And the impact of giant new firms born in the past 20 years such as Uber, Google and Facebook should not be underestimated: they have all the Schumpeterian characteristics the authors admire. On the pessimists’ side the strongest argument relies not on closely watching corporate and investor behavior but rather on macro-level statistics on productivity. The figures from recent years are truly dismal. Karim Foda, of the Brookings Institution, calculates that labor productivity in the rich world is growing at its slowest rate since 1950. Total factor productivity (which tries to measure innovation) has grown at just 0.1% in advanced economies since 2004, well below its historical average. Optimists have two retorts. The first is that there must be something wrong
2019武汉大学博士学位英语考试重点复习 一、段落分析 第一课的第三段： Our second major discovery was that the Information Marketplace will dramatically affect people and organizations on a wide scale. Besides its many uses in commerce, office work, and manufacturing, it will also improve health care, provide new ways to shop, enable professional and social encounters across the globe, and generally permeate the thousands of things we do in the course of our daily lives. It will help us pursue old and new pleasures, and it will encourage new art forms, which may be criticized but will move art forward, as new tools have always done. It will also improve education and training, first in specific and established ways and later through breakthroughs that are confidently awaited. Human organizatio ns from tiny companies to entire 第一课的第十二段： The wise eye will also see that the Information Marketplace is much influential than its parts—the interfaces, middleware and pipes that make up the three-story building on which we stand. Once they are integrated, they present a much greater power—the power to prevent an asthmatic from dying in a remote town in Alaska, to enable an unemployed bank loan officer to find and succeed at a new form of work, to allow a husband and wife to revel in the accomplishments of a distant daughter while also providing emotional and financial support. These powers are far greater than 第八课的第一段： Countless cultures around the world have disappeared, along with their mythologies. In Mesoamerica, dozens of ornate Mayan temples lie mute, as do an untold number of Incan
武汉大学考博英语经典复习方法 考博竞争日益激烈，英语成绩的高低往往具有“决定”意义，因为专业课很难拉开分数。那么考博英语到底如何复习准备呢?联系我们扣扣：四九三三七一六二六。电话：四零零六六八六九七八 1、题型由于考博英语试题由各招生单位自己独立命题，所以不同院校的考博英语试题题型风格不尽相同。就题型而言，一般都含有词汇结构、完形填空、阅读理解、汉英互译、作文题。很多院校初试不再考听力，而在复试通过口语形式考查。但有些院校仍在初试考查听力，甚至很重视听力分数。有些学校还有改错题，应用文，甚至其他题型。少数院校不考作文，但翻译比较长。很多院校主观题的分数所占比重都较高，占1/3甚至1/2比重。 2、难度考博英语重视考查翻译、写作等与攻读博士学位相关的应用能力，所以其难度不能简单与其他考试比较。但一般来说，考博英语试题的难度约相当于大学英语六级，但少数院校比六级难，有些院校甚至只相当于四级水平，甚至同一院校不同年份的难易程度也迥异。这是由于考博英语试题的命制没有其他英语水平考试、选拔考试规范，往往因出题人不同而有区别。所以，报考相应院校的考生一定要看一看该院校近年的考博英语真题。 3、词汇保守估计，考博英语需要掌握7000~8000单词，900常用动词短语。当然，一般掌握了六级及硕士研究生入学考试的词汇，通过考博英语也没有多大问题，只是词汇题可能失去少数分数。长期关注和研究考博英语试题，反对有些所谓考博英语词汇书所讲的考博需要掌握1万甚至1万以上词汇的观点。事实上，背诵那么多词汇是没有多大意义的，考博英语考查的重点不是考生掌握了多少词汇，而如上文所述，是阅读、翻译、写作能力。所以，词汇够用即可，建议复习自己当年很熟悉的考研词汇、六级词汇，然后略加拓展，如可看看公共英语等级考试五级词汇、新托福词汇、部分GRE
资料目录：厦门大学近年考博真题+考博经验分享 1.2018厦门大学考博经验分享 2.2019厦门大学考博经验分享 3.2018双非学姐的厦大考博逆袭之路——本硕求学生涯历程 2018厦门大学考博经验分享 初试 1英语： 词汇：比较难，但没有考语法 阅读理解：比较简单，反正比考研英语简单 翻译：好像是2010年的真题 写作：类似雅思的命题思路，可参照雅思的方法准备 2人文基本素质 客观题：不是行测那种，基本都不会，有考考研政治的哲学题，还有考厦大校训的出处。感觉比较难准备 主观题：三选一。文科——国学热为主题写作2500字；经济——中国经济与世界经济平衡1500字；管理学——忘了 3西方经济学，能回忆起的只有以下几题 价格下降对产出的影响 简述总供给三种模型 标准费排污许可证 IS-LM模型计算 MC不等的情况下古诺、斯塔伯格模型 感觉没有偏题，和前几年的真题有许多重复的地方，只要认真复习就不会考的太差。可是要考比较好，就必须复习的时候尽量深刻理解。
复试 笔试：分专业。各专业有道统一的金融英译汉。国际金融专业是——汇率决定论；人民币扩大波幅评述；欧债危机；还有些想不起来了，反正把国际金融的教科书及当前热点都准备了就差不多了。但这是考博，准备的程度要比考研尽量深入一些。 英语口试：与外教对话几分钟。除了自我介绍，还会针对个人情况问一些问题，以及经济方面的问题 综合面试：陈述个人科研成果（这个环节非常重要，以往成果越多越加分）；外汇储备管理；银行盈利问题 2.2019厦门大学考博经验分享 2019年厦大国贸系的拟录取名单已经公布，虽然早已得知自己被录取，但还是长长地舒了一口气，不为别的，就是为自己一路以来的坚持而倍感欣慰。3年前，当我还是那个长彻案椅，为考研而发奋的孩子时，厦大就是我的目标，但最终我成为了失败者。尽管如此，在调剂的硕士学校读研期间，为了厦大的梦想，我还是努力坚持着。 今年我报了厦大和暨大两个学校，专业都是国际贸易学，两所学校考分竟然相同，都为231。今年厦大是改革的第一年，大家原以为这种改革方式会增加难度，却恰恰成为我们的机遇。今年厦大博士报考全面缩水，以我专业来说，只有3人报考，最后3人上线，最终取2人，而去年光一个博导报考就有10几人，我个人分析有三点原因：第一，厦大的专业课，也就是我们说的专业2在初试中取消，而被人文素质取代，由于题型和范围都未公布，之前一些同学很担心会考些非常规类的，或类似公务员考试的内容，因此打了退堂鼓;第二，厦大今年不再招在职生即委培对象，为保证生源质量必须是全日制培养，因此很多在职考生倍感压力，纷纷转向其他院校;第三，今年厦大和北方一些高校的考试时间重叠，我认为是比较重要的原因，因为以我学校为例，考博的学生一般会选择南开和厦大两所学校的经济类，而这两所学校从未时间冲突，坦诚地说我当初也准备报这两所学校的，但是厦大恰恰与几所北方高校的考试时间相同，我之后也很同学讨论过，