It 句型归纳总结
I．It 作形式主语的句型
①It + be + adj (kind , wise , careless, clever…) + of sb to do sth
Eg: It is wise of him to make such a decision.他做出这样的决定是明智的。
②It + be + adj(easy , safe , common , normal …) + for sb to do sth
该句型中adj若为important, necessary, natural, possible, strange, vital, essential等可改为从句,从句用should+动词原形。.
Eg: It’s very dangerous for children to play with fire.
It is important for us to learn English well.
(= It is important that we (should) learn English well.)
③It + be +V-ed( reported, believed, said, suggeste d…) + that 从句
该句型中：⑴若V-ed为reported, believed, said等常译为“据报道”，“据认为”，“据说”。
⑵若V-ed为suggested, ordered, demanded, insisted等表示“建议”,“命令”的词，从
句要用虚拟语气(should)+动词原形。
Eg: It is suggested that the book (should) be revised.
It’s said that Tom has been back from abroad.
(=Tom is said to have been back from abroad.)
④It + be + n (a pity, a shame, a fact , good new s…) + that 从句:
该句型中，从句一般用(should) + 动词原形，表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。
Eg: It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！
⑤It is useless/no use/no good + doing sth
此句型中的it是形式主语, 其后的动名词短语是真正的主语,译为“做…没有用”。
Eg : It useless arguing with him further.
It’s no use talking with him, because he won’t listen.
⑥It takes sb. ... to do sth.
该句型中it是形式主语，真正的宾语是to do sth，常译为＂做．．．要花费某人．．．＂。
Eg: It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
II．It 作形式宾语的句型
1. sb find/ believe/ think/ feel/ consider/ make + it +n/adj +to do或从句
该句型中的it 作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“6123结构”。6 指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel；1 指的是形式宾语it；2 指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；3 指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。
Eg: We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.
He felt it important learning English well.
They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
2.主语＋hate / dislike / love / like ＋it ＋when－从句
Eg: I hate it when people speak with their mouths full.
3.主语＋appreciate ＋it ＋if－从句
Eg: I really appreciate it if you could help me with my math.
4. sb. depend on/count on/rely on/see to(负责，确保) / answer for it tha t…
Eg: You may rely on it that he won’t be late.
You must see to it that the doors are locked before you leave the lab.
5. sb. take it for granted tha t…认为……是理所当然的
Eg: I take it for granted that he will succeed.
III. It 引导的时间句型
⑴It + is+ 时间段+ since引导的时间状语从句:
该句型中从句一般用过去时态，句意为“自从......以来已多久了”
Eg : It is 5 minutes since the bus left. 公汽开走已有5分钟了
⑵It + be + 时间段+ before引导的时间状语从句:
该句型中，主句谓语动词be若为肯定式，意为“过多久才......”；若为否定式时，意为“没过多久就......”。
Eg : It will be 3 hours before he comes back.要过三个小时他才会回来
It was 3 hours before he came back. 过了三个小时他才回来
⑶It + be + 时间点+ when引导的时间状语从句
这个句型中, it 代指时间，表示时间点的词前没有介词。
Eg : It will be Monday when he comes back. 他周一的时候回来.
It was Monday when he came back. 他周一回来的.
对比：It was on Monday that he came back . (强调句)
⑷It + is (about/high) time + (that) sb did/should do sth
意为“该是某人做…的时候了”，about/high是用于加强语气，that从句用should或动词一般过去时表虚拟。亦可转换成It + is+ time +(for sb )to do sth.
Eg : It’s (high/about) time (that) we handed in/should hand in our homework.
⑸It / This / That +is+ the first(second …) time + that sb has done sth:
意为“这是某人第…次做…”，注意time前有序数词，主句是is 时，从句要用现在完成时；如果主句用was ，则从句须用过去完成时。
Eg : It is the third time that I have seen the film.
That was the second time that I have been there.
IV．It 引导的强调句
☆强调句形式：It + is/was +被强调的部分+ that/who 从句
Eg: It was last week that I met an old friend in the street.
It was because he was ill that he didn't come to school yesterday.
(强调原因状语从句时，只能强调由because所引导的从句.)
☆判断方法：将It is/was和that去掉，若该句是一个完整无缺的句子即为强调句.
☆常考考点：
①强调句型中的主谓一致
Eg: It is you，rather than he，that are to blame for the accident．
②插入从句的强调句型
Eg: It was in the restaurant where we had dinner last Sunday that you left your wallet．
③强调句型的一般疑问句、特殊疑问句形式
一般疑问句：Is / Was it + 被强调部分+ that + 句子其余部分?
Eg: Was it in 1933 that the Second World War broke out?
特殊疑问句：疑问词+ be + it + that + 句子其余部分?
Eg: When was it that he changed his mind to take part in the activity？
④强调句型用于名词性从句, 尤其注意要使用陈述语序。
Eg: I don’t know when it was that he changed his mind to take part in the activity？
⑤not until用于强调句型
It is / was not until ＋被强调部分＋that ＋其他部分
Eg : It was not until midnight that she went back home.
此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till和until可通用。因为句型中It is / was not...已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句。
V．It其他常见用法：
It looks / appears as if ... 看起来好像……
It seems that ... 似乎……
It turns out that... 原来是……
It occurs to/strikes sb that…突然想到……
It happened that ... 碰巧……
It doesn’t matter whether/if…无论是…没关系
It is no wonder that 难怪…
It all depends/that all depends.那得看情况
It's up to sb.由……决定，由……负责，取决于……
as it is (1)事实上，实际情况是……; (2)照原样
make it成功、做到、说定
Believe it or not.信不信由你
How did it come about that…“……怎么发生的？”
完成句子巩固练习：
1.I was about to go to the airport when ____________________that I had left my passport in
the living room.(occur)
我刚要出发去机场，这时我突然想起我把护照落在起居室了。
2.You have no idea _______________________to take every chance to live life to the
fullest.(how)
你不知道，充分利用一切机会让自己的生活更加充实，这对我们来说有多重要。
3.________________________ China successfully sent up Shenzhou-8 into space? (when)
中国究竟是什么时候成功发射了神舟八号的？
4.It was the first time that I ________________, anyhow, I was confident of myself. (undertake) 这是我第一次承担如此重要的任务，但不管怎样，我对自己有信心。
5._________________________that we’ll have a three-day holiday next month. (announce)
已经宣布，我们下个月将会有一个三天的假期。
6.It has been ten years ____________________________.(join)
自从他参军以来已经有十年了。
7.Each new way of looking at a situation improves our understanding and ________________
to discover new possibilities. (make)
每种看待事物的方式都提高我们的理解力并且使得发现新事物更容易。
8.The professor doesn’t know __________________________ the medicine can be tested on
human patients. (before)
教授不知道还要多久才能将这种药在病人身上试验。
9.______________________how many of these new technologies will become reality. (remain)
究竟有多少新技术将成为现实还有待观察。
10. It was in the village where you once lived __________________(happen)
这起事故就发生在你曾经生活过的村庄。
11.The information technology is developing so fast ___________________what computers can
do in the next 20 years.(predict)
信息技术发展如此之快，以致于难以预测电脑在今后20年里能做些什么。
12.He is diligent and works efficiently and ________________ he stands out in
every subject. (wonder)
他学习勤奋，而且效率高，难怪他门门学科表现突出。
13.You may _______________ I will come to your assistance whenever you are in trouble. (rely)
你可以相信，无论什么时候只要你有困难，我都会来帮你。
14.My English teacher suggested __________________ to listen to English programmes half an
hour before going to bed every day. (rule)
我的英语老师建议我养成每晚睡觉前听半个小时英语节目的习惯。
15. You can that he will never do anything that is harmful to our friendship.
(depend)
你可以放心，他绝不会做任何对我们的友谊有害的事情的。
16. You must all the lights are turned off before you leave your classroom. (see)
你必须确保在你离开之前所有的灯都关掉了。
17. that removed the bronze statue from the square of St.Petersburg ? (who)
是谁从St. Petersburg 广场移走铜像的？
18. It was the computer that broke down halfway for the loss of all my files.
(blame)
是半路抛锚的汽车该为我所有文件的丢失负责任。
19. I wonder makes him so successful in business. (it)
我在想是什么使他生意做得如此成功。
20. It was at the G20 meeting on how to fight against pollution all over the world. (come)
正是在二十国峰会上，许多关于全球如何抗击污染的好建议被提了出来。
213. It is completely wrong of George all that his parents do for him. (take) 乔治认为父母给予他得一切都是理所当然的，这是完全错误的。
224. It was not long of smoking. (get)
没过多久，他就染上了抽烟的习惯。
23. It is widely acknowledged that perseverance is to do anything well. (take)
人们普遍认为，做好任何事情都需要毅力。
24. It’s high time that we to stop pollution and improve our
environment. (take)
我们真该采取措施来阻止污染，改善环境了。
25. the Second World War that the importance of Fleming’s discovery was fully
recognized. (until)
直到第二次世界大战，弗雷明发现的重要性才被完全认可。
It作形式主语常见句型 1.It + be +形容词+ that-从句 可用于此句型的形容词有: wonderful, true，good，right，wrong，（un）important，useless，surprising，disturbing,frightening,alarming,clear，unusual，lucky，certain, necessary等。如： ①It is quite certain that he will be at the meeting.他将出席会议是无疑的。 ②It is surprising that he came late to school this morning.他今天早上迟到真令人惊讶。 ③It is important that we (should) study hard.我们努力学习是很重要的。 注意: 该句型中的形容词是（un）important, necessary等时，从句应为(should )+动词原形。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) rember these words. 2.It + be +名词+ that-从句 适用该句型的名词（词组）有: a pity，an honor，a good thing，a fact，a surprise，a question,a shame,a custom, a truth,our hope, no wonder, good/bad manners等。如： ①It is a pity (that) you missed the sports meeting last week.你错过了上周的运动会太可惜了。 ②It is a fact that Engl ish is being accepted as an international language.事实上英语已经被作为一种国际语言而接受了。
it用法及句型归纳 it为人称代词，主格与宾格同形。该词用法灵活，下面帮助同学们作以归纳。 一、可用来代替指示代词this或that。例如： —What's this/that? 这/那是什么？ —It's a ruler. 这/那是尺子。 二、表示时间、距离、天气、数字等。例如： 1. —What's the time?几点了？ —It's ten to ten. 九点五十。 2. —What's one plus two? 一加二等于几？ —It's three. 等于三。 三、用来代替前面提到的人或物。例如： This is my pen. Give it to me, please. 这是我的钢笔，请把它给我。 四、指心目中或上下文中所指的人或物。例如： 1. —Who's that over there? 那边的人是谁？ —Is it Bill? 是比尔吗？ 2. Miss Gao has a computer. It's new. 高老师有一台电脑，它是新的。 五、指身份不明、性别不详的人或者指照片中的人。例如： —What's the baby in the picture?照片中的那个婴儿是谁？ —It's me. 是我。 六、在电话用语中，可用it来指代对方或者自己。例如： —Hello! Who's it? 喂，你是哪位？ —It's Jim. 我是吉姆。
在初中英语教材中，出现了许多由it引导的固定句式，现归纳如下： 一、It's time for sb. to do sth. / It's time for sth.意为"是(某人)该干……的时间了"、"到……的时候了"。例如： 1. It's time for supper ／to have supper.该吃晚饭了。 2. It's time for me to study.我该学习了。 二、It takes(sb.)some time to do sth.意为"(某人)花……时间做某事"。例如： 1. It takes twenty minutes to go to school by bike. 骑自行车上学要花二十分钟的时间。 2. It took me a week to finish reading the book. 我花了一周时间读完这本书。 三、It is one's turn to do sth.意为"轮到某人做某事了"。例如： It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow. 明天轮到你值日了。 四、It is ／has been ＋时间段＋since ＋一般过去时，意为"自从……以来已过了……(时间)。" 例如： 1. It is / has been four days since I caught a cold. 我感冒已四天了。 2. It is / has been two weeks since we met last. 自从我们上次见面以来已过了两周。 五、It seems ／seemed ＋that从句，意为"看起来好像……"。例如： It seemed that our team was going to win. 我们队看起来好像要赢了。 六、It's＋表语＋to do sth.。例如： It's a good idea to go out for a walk. 出去散步是个好主意。 七、It's ＋adj.＋that从句。例如： It's true that I may fall behind the other students.我真可能落在别的学生后面。 八、It's＋adj.＋of(for)sb.＋to do sth.。对于这个句型究竟用of还是用for，主要取决于前面的形容词。如果形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质等的，如kind，good，nice，clever 等用of；如果形容词仅仅是描述行为的则用for，这类形容词常见的有difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous等。例如：
?Never be afraid of grammar ?Collect some examples; ?Watch them very carefully; ?Find out something in common; ?Try to use the rules ---- practise. it用法完全归纳 一、it 作人称代词的用法 1.指事物 作为人称代词，it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如： I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。 It’s hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。 “Where is the dog?”“It’s in the bedroom. ”“狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。 2.指人 it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如： Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩? There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。 【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说It’s me。
3.代替某些代词 代词it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词something, anything, nothing等。如： “What’s this?”“It’s a new machine. ”“这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。 Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题，是吗? 二、it 作非人称代词的用法 1.基本用法 it 作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如： It’s too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。 It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。 It can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。 2.用于某些句型 It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。 It’s time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。 It’s time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。 It’s (about / high) time + that-从句. 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式，有时也用“should+动词原形”) It’s first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)
it开头的惯用句型 【疑难点津】it常放在句子开头，作某些惯用或固定句型的主语。常见句型有： 1.“it+be+特定动词的过去分词+that从句”。这样的过去分词有：said, reported, believed, known, decided, proved, thought, arranged等。如： It is said that my German teacher often goes to Germany to do research.据说我的德语老师 经常去德国做研究。 2. “it +特定动词+ that从句”。这样的特定动词有：appear, happen, occur, seem等。如： It never occurred to me that I would travel to America.我从没想过我会去美国旅行。 3. “it +特定动词+ as if从句”。这样的特定动词有：appear, seem等。如： It appears as if you are very tired.看起来你好像很累。 4. “it has been/is +一段时间+ since从句”。从句中谓语用短暂性动词时表示“自从该动词动作发生以来有一段时间了”；用持续性动词时表示“自从该动作结束以来有一段时间了”。试比较： It is six years since I began to work here.自从我在这儿工作以来已经有六年了。 It has been six years since I worked here.我不在这儿工作已经有六年了。 5. “it +be+一段时间+ before从句”。从句中谓语用短暂性动词；主句中be动词可以用肯定式或否定式，其时态可以是一般过去时或一般将来时。常译为“……才……”或“……就……”。如： It won’t be a long time before we finish cooking.不久我们就会把饭做好。 It was four days before they found the lost child.过了四天他们才找到那个失踪的孩子。 6. “it is (high) time + that从句”。表示“到了某人该做某事的时间了”，从句谓语要用一般过去时，也可用should do的形式。另外“it is (high) time for sb. to do sth”,也表示同样的意思。如： It is high time that I went to see my mother in the hospital.到了我去医院看妈妈的时间了。 It is time for you to do your homework.到你做家庭作业的时间了。 7. “it is/was +强调内容+ that/who从句”。这是一个强调句型，强调的内容是事物或是指人的宾语时，常用that引导从句；强调的内容是指人的主语时通常用who引导从句。如：It is in the street that I came across Mr. Li.是在街上我碰到了李先生。 It was my friend who picked me up at the station. 是我朋友在车站接上我的。 【考题链接】 was in 1979 I graduated from the university. (1998上海卷) A. That; that B. It; that C. That; when D. It; when When you are old and grey and full of sleep, And nodding by the fire, take down this book,
it的用法及强调句型 it的用法 一、it作指示代词【完成句子】用one，ones，it，that，those填空 (1) — I can't find my watch. —You haven't found ______？If you want to buy a new ______，I suggest you buy ______ made in China. (2) We've got a big cup and two small ______. (3) The weight of an elephant is much greater than ______ of a tiger. (4) The books on the first shelf are easier than ______ on the second shelf. (5) The boy told his story and ______ of the girl upstairs. 【答案】(1) it; one; one (2) ones(3) that (4) those / the ones (5) that / the one 【结论1】 ①指代上文提过的事物时，it指的是同名同物，相当于the＋名词； ②one指的是同名异物，表示单数可数名词相当于a ＋名词；a / an＋形容词＋one等于a / an＋形容词＋名词；复数形式用ones； ③that后面常有后置定语，有特指意义，代替不可数名词或单数可数名词，相当于the＋ 名词； ④复数名词用those，相当于the ones。 【例句观察】— Someone is knocking at the door. Who is it? — It must be Leo. He said he'd come to see me. 【结论2】it指代人时，常指小孩或身份不明的人。 【例句观察】It's too quiet in the room. Everyone just keeps silent. 【结论2】it可用以指代环境或情况。 (6)— What time is it now? — It's half past seven. (7)— It is spring now and it's warm these days. 【结论3】it可用以指代时间、季节、天气或距离。 【注意】it指代时间时，有如下一些句型： (1) It is time for sth. (for sb.)to do sth. / that－从句(should do / did, 必须用虚拟语气) 例：① It's time for lunch. ② It's time for us to clean the house. ③ It's time that we should clean the house. ＝It's time that we cleaned the house. (2) It is / has been ＋some time ＋since－从句(从句用一般过去时) It is 10 years since I graduated from college. (3) It / This/That is the first / second time that－从句(必须使用现在完成时)这是某人 第……次做了某事。 It / This/That was the first / second time that－从句(必须使用过去完成时) 例：①It is the second time that she has visited the Great Wall. ②This was the first time that I had come late to school. (4) It was ＋时间点＋when －从句 例：It was evening when we got home. ＝It was evening in which we got home. (5) It was / will be ＋some time ＋before －从句 例：①过了5年他们才从北大毕业。 It was five years before they finally graduated from Beijing University. ②不久，我们就要从我们学校毕业了。 It won't be long before we graduate from our school. 二、it作形式主语 1.代替主语从句 ①It is clear ( obvious，true，possible certain....) that ..... “清楚（显然，真的，肯定．．．）” ②. It is important ( necessary，right，strange，natural...) that ... that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。 It is important that we (should) learn English well.
It的用法及典型句型归纳 一、人称代词it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，想法，以避免重复;也可以指性别不明或性别被认为是不重要的人或动物；未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。 ①They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance. ②Is this your dog？No, it isn’t. ③I hate it when people talk with a full mouth.． 二、.非人称代词.it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等： It is a lovely day, isn’t it? // It was nearly midnight when she came back. It is April First today. // It is some 3000 kilometers from A to B. It is three dollars. // Today it is 30 degrees centigrade. 三、作形式主语，替代主语从句，动词不定式，或动名词短语 1.作形式主语替代主语从句 ⑴It is clear ( obvious，true，possible，certain....) that ＂┅清楚的（显然的，真的，可能的,肯定的．．．）＂ ⑵It is important ( necessary，right，strange，natural...) that + (should ) do (虚拟语气) ┅是重要的(必要的,对的,奇怪的,自然的┅) ⑶It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....) that = sb / sth is said (reported/ believed /thought…) to do( to be doing/ to have done) sth ＂据说（据报道，据悉．．．）＂。 ⑷It is suggested ( advised/ ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded... ) that +(should ) do ＂据建议；有命令．． ⑸It is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/... ) that that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 小练一下： It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = It is important that we (learn) English well. It is necessary that he (remember) these words. It is said that he has come to Beijing. = It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. = It is suggested that the meeting ( put off). It was ordered that we (arrive) there in two hours. It is a pity that such a thing ( happen) in your class. It is a pity that he (be) ill. 2.作形式主语替代不定式 . ⑴It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth.= sb be kind to do sth.一般都是表示人的特性的形容词。如： bad /brave /careless/ clever /cruel / foolish / good （好心的）/ honest/ kind / lazy / modest/ naughty/ nice（有教养的）/polite/ rude / silly / stupid / wise ，等。 Eg. It is kind of you to give me a hand. = ⑵It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. .不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起。常见的形容词有： Important/ necessary/ natural/ easy / safe / common / normal / hard / difficult / dangerous/ unusual/ rare / impossible / pleasant Eg. It is important for her to come to the party.
含有it的固定句型归纳 Take it for granted that …想当然以为 Bring it to one’s attention that…引起某人注意的是 See to it that…务必…/留意… Make it a rule that…使……成为惯例 Owe it to sb. that…把……归功于 Depend on it that…指望、依靠 一组意义易混淆结构归纳： 1. other than 除…以外 rather than 而不是 2. or else 否则的话 or rather 更确切的说 3. anything but 决不，根本不 nothing but 仅仅，只有 4. no more than 仅仅 no less than 至少 情景交际用语辨析归纳： 1. How’ that? 那是怎么回事？ How come? 怎么会，为什么（表惊讶） What for? 为什么？ How about….? 怎么样？如何？ 2. not exactly 绝不，根本不、不完全是（纠正对方） not really 真的没有，真的不能（语气强烈） not in the least 一点也不 3. take it easy 别紧张、放松 take your time 慢慢来，不着急 4. Why not? 为什么不呢？好啊（表示赞同对方的提议） Why ever? 究竟为什么？（表惊讶） 5. So what? 那又怎么样？（反驳对方）What? 为什么？（没听清）/ 什么？真的？（表惊讶或愤怒） 6. With pleasure 很愿意，非常乐意 My pleasure 不用客气，不用谢 7. The same to you. 祝你也如此。Me too. 我也有同样的感受 8. Good luck! 祝你好运！ 9. That’s very kind of you. 谢谢你。（= thank you ） Nothing of the kind. 决不是那么回事，一点也不。 “be + 过去分词+ 介词”的常考结构归纳 Be lost in 陷入 be caught / trapped /stuck in 被困于 Be buried in 埋头于、专心于 be devoted to 致力于、献身于 Be occupied in (doing)/ with (sth.)忙于 be engaged in 忙于、从事于 Be absorbed in 专心于 be involved in 涉及、参与Be exposed to 暴露于 be intended/ meant for 为…所打算或准备的 Be charged with/ be accused of 因…被指控 Be concerned about 关心、为…担心 be concerned with 和…有关 “动词+副词+介词“构成的动词短语归纳： add up to 加起来总计 break away from 脱离、打破、放弃（习惯） catch up with 赶上 come up with 提出、想出 come down with 患病 cut down on 削减 do away with 废除 drop in on/ at 顺便拜访某人、某地 drop out of 退学、放弃 end up with 以…结束 face up to 勇敢面对 get away with 逃避处罚 get down to 开始认真做 go in for 喜欢、从事 go ahead with 开始，继续 keep out of 使…不进入 hold on to 抓住不放，坚持 get along with 相处，进展 live up to 遵守、符合、不辜负 look up to 尊重、尊敬 look out for当心 watch out for 注意、留神 stay away from 离开、缺席 look back on 回顾 make up for 弥补 look down on 轻视 run out of 用完，耗尽 put up with 忍受
It的用法 一、Tell the functions for “it” in each sentence: 1、---What’s the weather together ---It is fine. 2. It is hard to communicate with him. 3. I find it hard to communicate with him. 4. It is Li that who cleaned the classroom. 5. It is a book. 二、It 用法归纳 1，指代it （1）.用作人称代词：指代物、整个句子 （2）用作非人称代词 2，形式it：（1）作形式主语（2）作形式宾语 3，强调it 4，特殊句型 5.在答语中指代this/that： 1).--- Whose book is that ---It’s mine. 三、特别注意： it, one和that作替代词的用法及区别 1. it代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。 (特指，指代单数，指代物，同名同物) Can I borrow your pen—Sorry， I’m using it.
2. one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语。（泛指，指代可数名词，指代人或物，同名异物） I have a bike. Do you have one Eg: (1).I bought a dictionary three years ago and I am still using______ now. (2) I bought a dictionary three years ago but I am going to buy a new _______soon. (3). that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词,必须要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。（特指，指代单数或不可数，指代物，后面有定语） The coffee produced in Brazil is more famous than __________in Mexico. 四：形式主语、宾语、强调句及其他
期末专题练习——It的用法、There be句型 ［教学内容］ 第一部分It 的用法 概说：It是个非常简单的单词,但其用法却很灵活。 一、指代作用。It作句子的主语。 （一）It指前面已经提到过的人或事物。 1. What’s this? —It’s a chair. 2. Who is it? —It’s me. 提示：it代替上文提及的原物(复数用they)； one指代上文提及的、泛指的可数名词单数（复数ones）； that指代上文提及的定指的可数名词单数或不可数名词（复数those）。 （二）It指时间、季节。虚义。 1. What time is it? —It’s nine. 2. It’s time to go to school. Let’s go. 3. What day is today? —It’s Saturday. 4. What is the date today? —It is Oct. 1st. 5. What season is it? —It is summer. （三）It指气候。虚义。 1. It is cold in this room. 这个房间很冷。 2. What’s the weather like today? —It’s fine. 今天天气怎么样？天气很好。 3. It often snows in winter in Harbin. 哈尔滨的冬天经常下雪。 （四）It指距离、情况等。虚义。 1. It is five kilometers from my home to the school. 从我家到学校有五千米。 2. It is very near from this shop to that. 从这个商店到那个商店很近。 3. It is a long way to the sea. 这离海很远。 4. Is it well with you? 你身体好吗？ 二、It作形式主语。 动词不定式、动名词短语、从句在整个句中起主语作用，而这一部分用词较多，因此
It的特殊句型 一、高考真题 1．(他突然想到) that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.( occur) （11高考78题） 【答案】It occurred to him 【解析】本题考察的是occur引导的句型”it occurs to sb。that （某人突然想到）“根据后面的动词提示”had“，故要用一般过去时. 2.During his last lecture, the scientist_________ (觉得) easier to explain the theory to those with some background knowledge.(find)(09高考73题) 【答案】found it/ found （that）it was ks5u 【解析】考查句型结构。根据提示词find及后面的形容词easier 可知此处可使用find it + adj.的结构，it后加be动词变做宾语从句也对，此句时态为一般过去时。 34. _It cost me _ (我花了) one thousand dollars to buy the painting last week. (cost) (08高考34题) 【答案】It cost me 【解析】考点：it做形式主语（特殊句式）关键词：It cost（★It 不用不给分，cost写成co sted扣0.5分）结构部分：It cost somebody how much money to do something 其它部分：me 二、考点分析 1. It is + 被强调部分+ that ... 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分
第二章“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解 "It" 用法及其句型和固定搭配，是高中英语语法的重点、难点，又是近几年高考的热点，因此应给予充分的重视，现将it用法归纳如下： 一、It用作实词 表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物，前文中的this, that；替代前文中的内容；指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人；指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象…… 二、It用作形式主语 替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。 It 作形式主语的常见句型： 1. 代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为 (1) It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, well-mannered, ill-mannered, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, dangerous… 例It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license. (2) It be adj. of sb. to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy. 例It's kind of you to help me with the problem. (3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型 It's no good/use doing… It's (well)worth doing… It's (well)worth one's while doing/to do… It's (well)worth while doing/ to do 例It's no use crying over spilt milk. 2. It替代作主语的从句常见句型 (1) It is + noun +从句 例It is no secret that the president wants to have a second term at office. (2) It is adj. +clause It's surprising that…(should)………竟然…… It's a pity/shame that…(should)………竟然…… 例It's important that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.(=It's of much importance that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.) (3) It verb sb. + clause= It is v-ing + clause It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze /bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb. that… 例It worried me that she drove so fast.(= It was worrying that she drove so fast.) (4) It verb (to sb.) that…= sb/sth verb to do (verb = appear, seem, come about, emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out , work out) 例It (so) happened/chanced that they were out.(= They happened/chanced to be out.) (5) It is v-ed that…=sb/sth is to do (verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know） 例It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.(=The couple are said to have gotten divorced.) (6) It is v-ed that … (should)… (verb=demand, request, require, order, suggest, advise, recommend 例It is suggested that they should begin with the third question. 三、It作主语的句型 1. It takes sb. …to do…(=sb takes…to do…)某人用多长时间做某事 例It took the men a week to mend our roof.(= The men took a week to mend our roof.) 2. It's (just)(un)like sb. to do…（不）像某人做某事的风格 例It was (just) like him to think of helping us.
it的句型汇总（三） 11. It is...since 句式 该句式主要用于表达非延续动词和一段时间连用的问题。It is 之后是一段时间，时态是一般现在时（有时可以是现在完成时），since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。It is five years since my older brother joined the army. It has been a long time since we departed last time. 12. It is ...when句式 该句式中的when 引导一个时间状语从句，主句中的it 是代词指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为“当……的时候，时间是……”。 It was 5 o’clock when he came here. It was midnight when he returned home. 13. It be +一段时间+ before句式 该句型中，it 是代词指时间, 主句中的时态通常是将来时或过去时两种时态。主句中的表语多是long, not long, 3 days, 2 weeks 等表示一段时间。常译为“……之后就……”。 It was 3 days before he came back home. 三天后他回了家。（直译：在他回家之前时间是三天。） It will be not long before he finishes his job. 不久后他就会完成工作。（直译：在他完成工作之前，时间是不会长的。） 【句子分析】 It will be half a year before I come back. 在我回来之前，时间将有半年。意为“我半年之后
it用法完全归纳 一、it 作人称代词的用法 1. 指事物 作为人称代词，it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如： I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。 It’s hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。 “Where is the dog?” “It’s in the bedroom. ” “狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。 2. 指人 it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如： Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩? There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。 【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说It’s me。 3. 代替某些代词 代词it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词something, anything, nothing等。如： “What’s this?” “It’s a new machine. ” “这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。 Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题，是吗? 二、it 作非人称代词的用法 1. 基本用法 it 作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如： It’s too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。 It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。 It can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。 2. 用于某些句型 It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。 It’s time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。 It’s time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。