2011年9月18日高级口译笔试真题及答案及解析

9月中级口译翻译部分答案(汉译英)2011年9月中高级口译考试已经结束，考后考试大为考生第一时间提供真题、解析、答案，敬请关注。

本文内容为2011年9月中级口译翻译部分汉译英真题。

原文：越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。

中国的崛起，让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处——既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。

这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。

曾几何时，他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。

现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，而且还不时走访中国，欣赏壮观的自然风光，认识丰富的文化遗产。

译文：An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West.They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage.。

2011.9高级口译笔试阅读原题出处-口译笔译考试2011年9月中高级口译考试已经结束，下面为2011.9高级口译笔试阅读原题出处Why Europe no longer matters欧洲为何不再举足轻重When Defense Secretary Robert Gates devoted his final policy speech this month to berating NATO and our European allies, he was engaging in a time-honored tradition: Americans have worried about Europeans shirking their share of global burdens since the start of the 60-year-old alliance.美国国防部长罗伯特·盖茨本月在最后一次发表政策讲话时痛批北约和我们的欧洲盟友，他这是在追随一个由来已久的传统：自从北约这个联盟60 年前成立以来，美国人就一直担心欧洲推卸其所承担的那份全球重任。

Gates sounded a pessimistic note, warning of “the real possibility for a dim if not dismal future for the transatlantic alliance.”Yet, the outgoing Pentagon chief may not have been pessimistic enough. The U.S.-European partnership that proved socentral to managing and winning the Cold War will inevitably play a far diminished role in the years to come. To some extent, we’re already there: If NATO didn’t exist today, would anyone feel compelled to create it? The honest, if awkward, answer is no.盖茨语气悲观，警告"这个跨大西洋联盟存在着前景不说凄惨至少也是黯淡的切实可能" 。

2011年9月高级口译考试翻译真题一、English-Chinese Translation （本大题9小题．每题10.0分，共90.0分。

Translate the following passage（s） into Chinese ）第1题 In the coming decades, Europe’s influence on affairs beyond its borders will be sharply limited, and it is in other regions, not Europe, that the 21st century will be most clearly forged and defined. Certainly, one reason for NATO’s increasing marginalization stems from the behavior of its European members. With NATO, critical decisions are still made nationally; much of the talk about a common defense policy remains just that — talk. There is little specialization or coordination. Missing as well are many of the logistical and intelligence assets needed to project military force on distant battlefields. With the Cold War and the Soviet threat a distant memory, there is little political willingness, on a country-by-country basis, to provide adequate public funds to the military.【正确答案】：答案:在接下来的几十年里，欧洲对境外事务的影响力将会锐减，推动和定义21世纪的将是世界上的其他地区，绝非欧洲。

9月高级口译翻译答案(下半场汉译英)2011年秋季上海中高级口译考试将于9月18日开考，为了帮助考生朋友第一时间得知自己的考试情况，考试大口译笔译站点将会在考后第一时间为您发布9月18日上海中高级口译考试真题及答案，敬请关注！本文为考试大高级口译翻译答案（下半场汉译英）。

西塘是一个具有一千多年历史的水乡古镇，保存完好的明清时期建筑群是其他旅游景点所无法相比的。

徜徉古镇街头，使人们仿佛置身于一副美丽的水墨画之中。

河两岸高耸的粉墙和水中清晰的瓦房倒影，还有那在微风里婆娑摇曳的杨柳，似乎都在为这个古镇增添着异彩和生机。

在这个宁静的水镇里，生活的脚步似乎完全听命于那淌着潺潺流水的河流。

西塘可以说是水的同义词。

这里的河流是那样的蜿蜒曲折、波光粼粼，映射出一派宁静祥和的街景。

夜幕降临，河岸边数千盏灯笼与晚霞一并点燃，把整个小镇映衬得灯火通明，为镇民们照亮了回家的路。

Xitang, a river-side town with a history of more than 1,000 years, boasts a group of well-preserved buildings from Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty that are unmatched by any other resorts. Take a free walk in its streets, and you will feel as if you were in a picturesque Chinese ink painting. The high-standing white wall on both sides of the river and the clear reflection of tile-roofed houses in the water as well as the willows waving and dancing in the breeze all vividly bring life and vigor to the town.In this tranquility, the pace of life seems to be harmoniously subject to the gurgling streams. The name of the town, Xitang, is a synonym of water. The winding rivers with sparkling ripples give away the tranquility it has acquired. As the fall of night ignites thousands of lanterns along the riverbanks and set off the sunset glow, the whole town become ablaze with light and illuminates the way home for its residents.。

9 月英语高级口译真题+ 答案(4)SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (30 minutes)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.A proposal to change long-standing federal policy and deny citizenship to babies born to illegal immigrants on U.S. soil ran aground this month in Congress, but it is sure to resurface-kindling bitter debate even if it fails to become law.At issue is “ birthright citizenship -pr〞ovided for since the Constitutio n' s14th Amendment was ratified in 1868. Section 1 of that amendment, drafted with freed slaves in mind, says: “ All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subj to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States. 〞Some conservatives in Congress, as well as advocacy groups seeking to crack down on illegal immigration, say the amendment has been misapplied over the years, that it was never intended to grant citizenship automatically to babies of illegal immigrants. Thus they contend that federal legislation, rather than a difficult-to-achieve constitutional amendment, would be sufficient to end birthright citizenship.“ MostAmericans feel it doesn 'mt ake any sense for people to come into the country illegally, give birth an d have a new U.S. citizen, 〞said the spokesman of th federation of American immigration reform. “ But the advocates for illegal immi will make a fuss; they ' lcllaim you ' repunishing the children, and I suspect the leadership doesn ' t want to deatlhwaitt.h 〞SECTION 4: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes)Part A: Note-taking and Gap-fillingDirections: In this part of the test you will hear a short talk. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. While listening to the talk, you may take notes on the importa nt points so that you can have enough information to complete a gap-filling task on a separate ANSWER BOOKLET. You will not get your TEST BOOK and ANSWER BOOKLET until after you have listened to the talk.The doctor-patient relationship is one of the __________ 〔1〕relationships in life, but many people say this relationship is beyond _____________ 〔2〕. Can this relationship be saved? The answer is __________ 〔3〕yes, because it must. And if that is lost, medicine becomes a technology and is _________ 〔4〕. In part the crisisin medicine began with doctors __________ 〔5〕themselves from patients.The more critical work of a doctor happens in the taking of the human 〔6〕. 〔7〕is the most important and most difficult single transaction. The studies show that 〔8〕of all the valuable informationthat leads to correct diagnosis comes from the history. Another __________ 〔9〕comes from the physical examination, 10% comes from simple __________ 〔10〕tests, and 5% comes from all the complex __________ 〔11〕. So listening is vital, because listening is not merely listening, but to establish a _________ 〔12〕.But some doctors think listening is _________ 〔13〕. They like to use complex and costly __________ 〔14〕, and use ___________ 〔15〕that create adversereactions and require _________ 〔16〕. They don 't like to listen. Because there premium on listening and that there 's no __〔__1_7_〕___fo_r_listening.Even so, the doctor-patient relationship is not _________ 〔18〕saving. Because people may ask, what is good health? And good health begins first and foremost with 〔19〕. If you don 't care for a _______ 〔__2_0_〕, be somebody else,but don ' t be a doctor!Part B: Listening and Translation1. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.〔1〕〔2〕〔3〕〔4〕〔5〕2. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 English passages. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.〔1〕。

9月中级口译听力真题Talks and Conversations+评析2011年秋季上海中高级口译考试将于9月18日开考，为了帮助考生朋友第一时间得知自己的考试情况，考试大将会在考后第一时间为您发布9月18日上海中高级口译考试真题及答案！本文为2011年9月中级口译考试听力talks and conversations。

Talks and Conversations 1：WOMAN: Good morning. Mr. Papworth Smith’s surgery.MAN: Hello, this is William Brown speaking.WOMAN: Yes, what can I do for you?MAN: I had an appointment with Mr. Papworth Smith at 10 o’clock this morning, the name is William Brown, and the registration number is 12.WOMAN: Well, I have found your case history and the registration. You have a broken tooth that needs to be taken care of, right?MAN: Yes, but I’m sorry, my car broke down on the way, and the guy in the garage said it wouldn’t be ready until about two in the afternoon, and there is no way I can find a taxi or a lift. I am calling from the garage.WOMAN: You mean you couldn’t keep the appointment?MAN: I’m afraid not. Can I still see Mr. Smith some other time?WOMAN: Of course, but you need to make another appointment.MAN: When? I hope it is today or tomorrow. That broken tooth of mine is really killing me; I can’t eat or sleep properly.WOMAN: I see, well, what about tomorrow at nine.MAN: Oh, that’s fine, thank you very much.11. Why was the man telephoning?12. What is Mr. Papworth Smith?13. At what time was the man’s appointment that day?14. Which of the following is true about the man?评析：这是个关于和医生与时间会诊的通话。

9月中级口译考试答案解析(完整版)Spot DictationIn America there are no nobles or men of letters, and the common folk mistrust the wealthy; Consequently lawyers form the highest political class and the most cultivated circle of society. They have therefore nothing to gain by innovation, which adds a conservative interest to their natural taste for public order. If I were asked where I place the American aristocracy, I should reply without hesitation that it is not composed of the rich, who are united together by no common tie, but that it occupies the judicial bench and the bar.When I started researching this topic, I found an interesting website “Legal Reform Now”. As the name suggests, this website is devoted to legal reform and it is definitely concerned about the dominance of lawyers in American government. There I read an article by a political science professor from the university of Wisconsin. One observation the UW article confirms is that the legal profession is the dominant profession of the people re-elect to public office. For example, about half our representatives and two-thirds of our senators are lawyers. No other profession comes close to having the same the number of people in political office. Effectively, lawyers form our nation’s most powerful organized political constituency in America. Lawyers make our laws and lawyers interpret our laws. When judges are appointed, the American bar association is the only professional organization that is consulted to rate the fitness of potential judicial appointees. Our nation has been in existence for over 200 years and lawyers have been this nation’s aristocracy since its formation. Our system works, but do we really want to have a single profession in charge of our nation? Specifically, do we want to have the legal profession in charge? Next time youvote, that’s something to think about.评析：这篇文章是关于律师在美国的地位。

以下是考试⼤⼝译笔译站点考后第⼀时间为您整理的2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译真题、答案、解析，供参考。

2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试真题、答案、点评汇总听⼒2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒部分真题下半场(沪江版)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒真题Listening Comprehension2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒真题spot dictation2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试上半场听⼒下载(mp3)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试下半场听⼒下载(mp3)翻译2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译翻译真题及答案passage translation2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试翻译真题(英译汉)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译翻译真题、答案sentence translation2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译翻译答案(下半场汉译英)阅读2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第⼀篇原⽂(昂⽴)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第⼆篇原⽂(昂⽴)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第三篇原⽂(昂⽴)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第四篇原⽂(昂⽴)题⽬出处2011年⾼级⼝译笔试听⼒原⽂出处：传统医学2011.9⾼级⼝译笔试阅读原题出处: 欧洲为何不再举⾜轻重点评2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译上半场总评(昂⽴版)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒新闻题权威讲评(新东⽅)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒NTGF点评(新东⽅)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒部分Spot Dictation评析(沪江)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒Listening Comprehension 4评析(沪江)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译passage translation评析(沪江)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译下半场汉译英评析　答案2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试答案解析(完整版)。

9月中级口译statement真题+评析2011年9月中高级口译考试已经结束，考后考试大将为考生第一时间提供真题、解析、答案，敬请关注。

本文内容为2011年9月中级口译statement真题+评析。

1. At the annual general meeting, the board chairman of the company outlined the development strategy for the next 5 years.2. You needn’t notify the maintenance office about the fixing of the faucet in the washroom. I can get Tom to take care of it. He is really handy.3. Although the accountant promised to help by all he could, the auditor called into question the accuracy of the figures in the books.4. We have carefully checked your qualifications and decided that we need someone with more office experience. We are sorry for the inconvenience.5. The sales of Vitamin E, helped by the testimony of health food expert, and a number of leading medical authorities, have doubled in the past 5 years.6. An average American male is expected to live 75.4 years, while the life expectancy of a female can be 80.4 years.7. For many people in large cities, the reasons against owning a private car outweigh the reasons for owning one. Therefore, the answer is negative.8. To believe that our company can be little affected or even immune to the current economic crisis is to ignore the most basic principles of trade and commerce.9. At college, Betty receives a monthly allowance of $650 from home. She also earns $350 a month in her part-time job. And she spends about 80% of her income for daily expenses.10. Some businesses, organizations and government agencies provide employees with the opportunities to progress to higher positions with higher salaries. The higherposition an individual occupies, the more responsibilities it brings.Statements1. 公司董事会主席制定5年计划。

2011年上海高级口译笔试真题完整版（附答案) SECTION1:LISTENING TEST(30minutes)Part A:Spot DictationDirections:In this part of the test,you will hear a passage and read the same passag e with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the world or words you have heard o n the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Play is very important for humans from birth to death.Play is not meant to be just for children.It is a form of___________(1)that can tap into your creativity,and can allow you the chance to find your inner child and the inner child of others.I have collecte d the___________(2)of play here.Play can stimulate you___________(3).It can go against all the rules,and change t he same___________(4).Walt Disney was devoted to play,and his willingness to____ _______(5)changed the world of entertainment.The next time you are stuck in a_____ ______(6)way of life,pull out a box of color pencils,modeling clay,glue and scissors, and___________(7)and break free.You will be amazed at the way your thinking___ ________(8).Playing can bring greater joy into your life.What do you think the world would be like-if___________(9)each day in play?I bet just asking you this question has______ _____(10).Play creates laughter,joy,entertainment,___________(11).Starting today,tryto get30minutes each day to engage in some form of play,and___________(12)ris e!Play is known___________(13).Studies show that,as humans,play is part of our nature.We have the need to play because it is instinctive and___________(14).With regular play,our problem-solving and___________(15)will be in much better shape to handle this complex world,and we are much more likely to choose_________ __(16)as they arise.It creates laughter and freedom that can instantly reduce stress and __________(17)to our daily living.Play can___________(18),curiosity,and creativity.Research shows that play is bot h a‘hands-on’and‘minds-on’learning process.It produces a deeper,___________(19)o f the world and its possibilities.We begin giving meaning to life through story making,a nd playing out___________(20).Part B:Listening ComprehensionDirections:In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations.After each one,you will be asked some questions.The talks,conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE.Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions1to5are based on the following conversation.1.(A)in Cherry Blossoms Village ninety of the residents are over85years old.(B)In the United States,there are twice as many centenarians as there were ten year s ago.(C)All the people studied by these scientists from Georgia live in institutions for the elderly.(D)Almost all the residents in Cherry Blossoms Village have unusual hobbies.2.(A)Whether the centenarians can live independently in small apartments.(B)Whether it is feasible to establish a village for the“oldest old”people.(C)What percentage of the population are centenarians in the state of Georgia.(D)What the real secrets are to becoming an active and healthy100-year-old.3.(A)Diet,optimism,activity or mobility,and genetics.(B)Optimism,commitment to interesting things,activity or mobility,and adaptability to loss.(C)The strength to adapt to loss,diet,exercise,and genetics.(D)Diet,exercise,commitment to something they were interested in,and genetics.4.(A)The centenarians had a high calorie and fat intake.(B)The centenarians basically eat something different.(C)The centenarians eat a low-fat and low-calorie,unprocessed food diet.(D)The centenarians eat spicy food,drink whiskey,and have sweet pork every day.5.(A)Work hard.(B)Stay busy.(C)Stick to a balanced diet.(D)Always find something to laugh about.Questions6to10are based on the following news.6.(A)Global temperatures rose by3degrees in the20th century.(B)Global warming may spread disease that could kill a lot of people in Africa.(C)Developed countries no longer depend on fossil fuels for transport and power.(D)The impact of the global warming will be radically reduced by2050.7.(A)Taking bribes.(B)Creating a leadership vacuum at the country’s top car maker.(C)Misusing company funds for personal spending.(D)Offering cash for political favors.8.(A)The nation has raised alert status to the highest level and thousands of people have moved to safety.(B)The eruption of Mount Merapi has been the worst in Indonesia over the past two decades.(C)All residents in the region ten kilometers from the base of the mountain have ev acuated.(D)The eruption process was a sudden burst and has caused extensive damage and h eavy casualty.9.(A)6to7.(B)8to10.(C)11to16.(D)17to25.10.(A)Curbing high-level corruption.(B)Fighting organized crime.(C)Investigating convictions of criminals.(D)Surveying the threats to national security.Questions11to15are based on the following interview.11.(A)A wine taster.(B)A master water taster.(C)The host of the show.(D)The engineer who works on the water treatment plant.12.(A)Berkeley Springs.(B)Santa Barbara.(C)Atlantic City.(D)Sacramento.13.(A)Being saucy and piquant.(B)Tasting sweet.(C)A certain amount of minerals.(D)An absence of taste.14.(A)Looking—smelling—tasting.(B)Tasting—smelling—looking.(C)Smelling—looking—tasting.(D)Tasting—looking—smelling.15.(A)Bathing.(B)Boiling pasta in.(C)Swimming.(D)Making tea.Questions16to20are based on the following talk.16.(A)Enhance reading and math skills.(B)Increase the students’appreciation of nature.(C)Improve math,but not reading skills.(D)Develop reading,but not math skills.17.(A)To help the students appreciate the arts.(B)To make the students’education more well-rounded.(C)To investigate the impact of arts training.(D)To enhance the students’math skills.18.(A)Once weekly.(B)Twice weekly.(C)Once a month.(D)Twice a month.19.(A)Six months.(B)Seven months.(C)Eight months.(D)Nine months.20.(A)The children’s attitude.(B)The children’s test scores.(C)Both the children’s attitude and test scores.(D)Both the teachers’and the children’s attitude.2011年上海口译考试高级口译笔试(全真试题+答案)完整版SECTION1:LISTENING TEST(30minutes)Part A:Spot DictationDirections:In this part of the test,you will hear a passage and read the same passag e with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the world or words you have heard o n the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Play is very important for humans from birth to death.Play is not meant to be just for children.It is a form of___________(1)that can tap into your creativity,and can allow you the chance to find your inner child and the inner child of others.I have collecte d the___________(2)of play here.Play can stimulate you___________(3).It can go against all the rules,and change t he same___________(4).Walt Disney was devoted to play,and his willingness to____ _______(5)changed the world of entertainment.The next time you are stuck in a_____ ______(6)way of life,pull out a box of color pencils,modeling clay,glue and scissors, and___________(7)and break free.You will be amazed at the way your thinking___ ________(8).Playing can bring greater joy into your life.What do you think the world would be like-if___________(9)each day in play?I bet just asking you this question has______ _____(10).Play creates laughter,joy,entertainment,___________(11).Starting today,try to get30minutes each day to engage in some form of play,and___________(12)ris e!Play is known___________(13).Studies show that,as humans,play is part of our nature.We have the need to play because it is instinctive and___________(14).With regular play,our problem-solving and___________(15)will be in much better shape to handle this complex world,and we are much more likely to choose_________ __(16)as they arise.It creates laughter and freedom that can instantly reduce stress and __________(17)to our daily living.Play can___________(18),curiosity,and creativity.Research shows that play is bot h a‘hands-on’and‘minds-on’learning process.It produces a deeper,___________(19)o f the world and its possibilities.We begin giving meaning to life through story making,a nd playing out___________(20).Part B:Listening ComprehensionDirections:In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one,you will be asked some questions.The talks,conversations and questionswill be spoken ONLY ONCE.Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each q uestion you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions1to5are based on the following conversation.1.(A)in Cherry Blossoms Village ninety of the residents are over85years old.(B)In the United States,there are twice as many centenarians as there were ten year s ago.(C)All the people studied by these scientists from Georgia live in institutions for the elderly.(D)Almost all the residents in Cherry Blossoms Village have unusual hobbies.2.(A)Whether the centenarians can live independently in small apartments.(B)Whether it is feasible to establish a village for the“oldest old”people.(C)What percentage of the population are centenarians in the state of Georgia.(D)What the real secrets are to becoming an active and healthy100-year-old.3.(A)Diet,optimism,activity or mobility,and genetics.(B)Optimism,commitment to interesting things,activity or mobility,and adaptability to loss.(C)The strength to adapt to loss,diet,exercise,and genetics.(D)Diet,exercise,commitment to something they were interested in,and genetics.4.(A)The centenarians had a high calorie and fat intake.(B)The centenarians basically eat something different.(C)The centenarians eat a low-fat and low-calorie,unprocessed food diet.(D)The centenarians eat spicy food,drink whiskey,and have sweet pork every day.5.(A)Work hard.(B)Stay busy.(C)Stick to a balanced diet.(D)Always find something to laugh about.Questions6to10are based on the following news.6.(A)Global temperatures rose by3degrees in the20th century.(B)Global warming may spread disease that could kill a lot of people in Africa.(C)Developed countries no longer depend on fossil fuels for transport and power.(D)The impact of the global warming will be radically reduced by2050.7.(A)Taking bribes.(B)Creating a leadership vacuum at the country’s top car maker.(C)Misusing company funds for personal spending.(D)Offering cash for political favors.8.(A)The nation has raised alert status to the highest level and thousands of people have moved to safety.(B)The eruption of Mount Merapi has been the worst in Indonesia over the past two decades.(C)All residents in the region ten kilometers from the base of the mountain have ev acuated.(D)The eruption process was a sudden burst and has caused extensive damage and h eavy casualty.9.(A)6to7.(B)8to10.(C)11to16.(D)17to25.10.(A)Curbing high-level corruption.(B)Fighting organized crime.(C)Investigating convictions of criminals.(D)Surveying the threats to national security.Questions11to15are based on the following interview.11.(A)A wine taster.(B)A master water taster.(C)The host of the show.(D)The engineer who works on the water treatment plant.12.(A)Berkeley Springs.(B)Santa Barbara.(C)Atlantic City.(D)Sacramento.13.(A)Being saucy and piquant.(B)Tasting sweet.(C)A certain amount of minerals.(D)An absence of taste.14.(A)Looking—smelling—tasting.(B)Tasting—smelling—looking.(C)Smelling—looking—tasting.(D)Tasting—looking—smelling.15.(A)Bathing.(B)Boiling pasta in.(C)Swimming.(D)Making tea.Questions16to20are based on the following talk.16.(A)Enhance reading and math skills.(B)Increase the students’appreciation of nature.(C)Improve math,but not reading skills.(D)Develop reading,but not math skills.17.(A)To help the students appreciate the arts.(B)To make the students’education more well-rounded.(C)To investigate the impact of arts training.(D)To enhance the students’math skills.18.(A)Once weekly.(B)Twice weekly.(C)Once a month.(D)Twice a month.19.(A)Six months.(B)Seven months.(C)Eight months.(D)Nine months.20.(A)The children’s attitude.(B)The children’s test scores.(C)Both the children’s attitude and test scores.(D)Both the teachers’and the children’s attitude.SECTION2:READING TEST(30minutes)Directions:In this section you will read several passages.Each one is followed by se veral questions about it.You are to choose ONE best answer,(A),(B),(C)or(D),to ea ch question.Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is state d or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the co rresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions1—5Anyone who doubts that children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need s pend only a few minutes with a baby eagerly learning to walk or a headstrong toddler sta rting to talk.No matter how many times the little ones stumble in their initial efforts,mo st keep on trying,determined to master their amazing new skill.It is only several years l ater,around the start of middle or junior high school,many psychologists and teachers ag ree,that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed and end up j oining the ranks of underachievers.For the parents of such kids,whose own ambition is often inextricably tied to their children’s success,it can be a bewildering,painful experience.So it’s no wonder some parents find themselves hoping that,just maybe,ambition can be taught like any other subject at school.It’s not quite that simple.“Kids can be given the opportunities to become passionate about a subject or activity,but they can’t be forced,”says Jacquelynne Eccles,a psycholo gy professor at the University of Michigan,who led a landmark,25-year study examining what motivated first-and seventh-grades in three school districts.Even so,a growing num ber of educators and psychologists do believe it is possible to unearth ambition in student s who don’t seem to have much.They say that by instilling confidence,encouraging some risk taking,being accepting of failure and expanding the areas in which children may be successful,both parents and teachers can reignite that innate desire to achieve.Figuring out why the fire went out is the first step.Assuming that a kid doesn’t suff er from an emotional or learning disability,or isn’t involved in some family crisis at hom e,many educators attribute a sudden lack of motivation to a fear of failure or peer pressu re that conveys the message that doing well academically somehow isn’t cool.“Kids get s o caught up in the moment-to-moment issue of will they look smart or dumb,and it bloc ks them from thinking about the long term,”says Carol Dweck,a psychology professor at Stanford.“You have to teach them that they are in charge of their intellectual growth.”Over the past couple of years,Dweck has helped run an experimental workshop with Ne w York City public school seventh-graders to do just that.Dubbed Brainology,the unorth odox approach uses basic neuroscience to teach kids how the brain works and how it can continue to develop throughout life.“The message is that everything is within the kids’control,that their intelligence is malleable,”says Lisa Blackwell,a research scientist at Co lumbia University who has worked with Dweck to develop and run the program,which h as helped increase the students’interest in school and turned around their declining mathgrades.More than any teacher or workshop,Blackwell says,“parents can play a critical r ole in conveying this message to their children by praising their effort,strategy and progr ess rather than emphasizing their‘smartness’or praising high performance alone.Most of all,parents should let their kids know that mistakes are a part of learning.”Some experts say our education system,with its strong emphasis on testing and rigid separation of students into different levels of ability,also bears blame for the disappearan ce of drive in some kids.“These programs shut down the motivation of all kids who are n’t considered gifted and talented.They destroy their confidence,”says Jeff Howard,a soc ial psychologist and president of the Efficacy Institute,a Boston-area organization that wor ks with teachers and parents in school districts around the country to help improve childre n’s academic performance.Howard and other educators say it’s important to expose kids t o a world beyond homework and tests,through volunteer work,sports,hobbies and other extracurricular activities.“The crux of the issue is that many students experience education as irrelevant to their life goals and ambitions,”says Michael Nakkual,a Harvard educatio n professor who runs a Boston-area mentoring program called Project IF(Inventing the Fu ture),which works to get low-income underachievers in touch with their aspirations.Thekey to getting kids to aim higher at school is to disabuse them of the notion that classwo rk is irrelevant,to show them how doing well at school can actually help them fulfill their dreams beyond it.Like any ambitious toddler,they need to understand that you have tolearn to walk before you can run.1.Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?(A)Children are born with a kind of healthy ambition.(B)How a baby learns to walk and talk.(C)Ambition can be taught like other subjects at school.(D)Some teenage children lose their drive to succeed.2.According to some educators and psychologists,all of the following would be help ful to cultivate students’ambition to succeed EXCEPT________.(A)stimulating them to build up self-confidence(B)cultivating the attitude of risk taking(C)enlarging the areas for children to succeed(D)making them understand their family crisis3.What is the message that peer pressure conveys to children?(A)A sudden lack of motivation is attributed to the student’s failure.(B)Book knowledge is not as important as practical experience.(C)Looking smart is more important for young people at school.(D)To achieve academic excellence should not be treated as the top priority.4.The word“malleable”in the clause“that their intelligence is malleable,”(para.3) most probably means capable of being________.(A)altered and developed(B)blocked and impaired(C)sharpened and advanced(D)replaced and transplanted5.The expression“to disabuse them of the notion”(para.4)can be paraphrased as__ ______.(A)to free them of the idea(B)to help them understand the idea(C)to imbue them with the notion(D)to inform them of the concept Questions6—10Civil-liberties advocates reeling from the recent revelations on surveillance had someth ing else to worry about last week:the privacy of the billions of search queries made on sites like Google,AOL,Yahoo and Microsoft.As part of a long-running court case,the g overnment has asked those companies to turn over information on its users’search behavi or.All but Google have handed over data,and now the Department of Justice has moved to compel the search giant to turn over the goods.What makes this case different is that the intended use of the information is not relat ed to national security,but the government’s continuing attempt to police Internet pornogr aphy.In1998,Congress passed the Child Online Protection Act(COPA),but courts have blocked its implementation due to First Amendment concerns.In its appeal,the DOJ wan ts to prove how easy it is to inadvertently stumble upon pore.In order to conduct a cont rolled experiment—to be performed by a UC Berkeley professor of statistics—the DOJ wa nts to use a large sample of actual search terms from the different search engines.It would then use those terms to do its own searches,employing the different kinds of filters ea ch search engine offers,in an attempt to quantify how often“material that is harmful to minors”might appear.Google contends that since it is not a party to the case,the govern ment has not right to demand its proprietary information to perform its test.“We intend t o resist their motion vigorously,”said Google attorney Nicole Wong.DOJ spokesperson Charles Miller says that the government is requesting only the actu al search terms,and not anything that would link the queries to those who made them. (The DOJ is also demanding a list of a million Web sites that Google indexes to determi ne the degree to which objectionable sites are searched.)Originally,the government asked for a treasure trove of all searches made in June and July2005;the request has been sc aled back to one week’s worth of search queries.One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.If the built-in filters that each search engine provides are effective in blocking porn sites,the government will have wound up proving what the opposition has said all along—you don’t need to suppress speech to protect minors on the Net.“We think that o ur filtering technology does a good job protecting minors from inadvertently seeing adult content,”says Ramez Naam,group program manager of MSN Search.Though the government intends to use these data specifically for its COPA-related tes t,it’s possible that the information could lead to further investigations and,perhaps,subpoenas to find out who was doing the searching.What if certain search terms indicated that people were contemplating terrorist actions or other criminal activities?Says the DOJ’sMiller,“I’m assuming that if something raised alarms,we would hand it over to the proper authorities.”Privacy advocates fear that if the government request is upheld,it will open the door to further government examination of search behavior.One solution would be for Google to stop storing the information,but the company hopes to eventually use the p ersonal information of consenting customers to improve search performance.“Search is a window into people’s personalities,”says Kurt Opsahl,an Electronic Frontier Foundation a ttorney.“They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”6.When the American government asked Google,AOL,Yahoo and Microsoft to turn over information on its users’search behavior,the major intention is_________.(A)to protect national security(B)to help protect personal freedom(C)to monitor Internet pornography(D)to implement the Child Online Protection Act7.Google refused to turn over“its proprietary information”(para.2)required by DOJ a s it believes that________.(A)it is not involved in the court case(B)users’privacy is most important(C)the government has violated the First Amendment(D)search terms is the company’s business secret8.The phrase“scaled back to”in the sentence“the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries”(para.3)can be replaced by_________.(A)maximized to(B)minimized to(C)returned to(D)reduced to9.In the sentence“One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.”(para.4),the expression“sink its own case”most probably means that_________.(A)counterattack the opposition(B)lead to blocking of porn sites(C)provide evidence to disprove the case(D)give full ground to support the case10.When Kurt Opsahl says that“They should be able to take advantage of the Inter net without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”(para.5),the express ion“Big Brother”is used to refer to_________.(A)a friend or relative showing much concern(B)a colleague who is much more experienced(C)a dominating and all-powerful ruling power(D)a benevolent and democratic organizationQuestions11—15On New Year’s Day,50,000inmates in Kenyan jails went without lunch.This was not s ome mass hunger strike to highlight poor living conditions.It was an extraordinary human itarian gesture:the money that would have been spent on their lunches went to the charit y Food Aid to help feed an estimated 3.5million Kenyans who,because of a severe drou ght,are threatened with starvation.The drought is big news in Africa,affecting huge area s of east Africa and the Horn.If you are reading this in the west,however,you may not be aware of it—the media is not interested in old stories.Even if you do know about th e drought,you may not be aware that it is devastating one group of people disproportiona tely:the pastoralists.There are20million nomadic or semi-nomadic herders in this region, and they are fast becoming some of the poorest people in the continent.Their plight enc apsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.How so?It comes down to the reluctance of governments,aid agencies and foreign l enders to support the herders’traditional way of life.Instead they have tended to try to turn them into commercial ranchers or agriculturalists,even though it has been demonstrate d time and again that pastoralists are well adapted to their harsh environments,and thatmoving livestock according to the seasons or climatic changes makes their methods far more viable than agriculture in sub-Saharan drylands.Furthermore,African pastoralist systems are often more productive,in terms of protein and cash per hectare,than Australian,American and other African ranches in similar climatic conditions.They make a substantial contribution to their countries’national economies.In Kenya,for example,the turnover of the pastoralist sector is worth$800million peryear.In countries such as Burkina Faso,Eritrea and Ethiopia,hides from pastoralists’her ds make up over10per cent of export earnings.Despite this productivity,pastoralists still starve and their animals perish when drought hits.One reason is that only a trickle of th e profits goes to the herders themselves;the lion’s share is pocketed by traders.This is p artly because the herders only sell much of their stock during times of drought and famin e,when they need the cash to buy food,and the terms of trade in this situation never w ork in their favour.Another reason is the lack of investment in herding areas.Funding bodies such as the World Bank and-USAID tried to address some of the pro blems in the1960s,investing millions of dollars in commercial beef and dairy production. It didn’t work.Firstly,no one bothered to consult the pastoralists about what they wante d.Secondly,rearing livestock took precedence over human progress.The policies and strat egies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their col onial predecessors.They were based on two false assumptions:that pastoralism is primitiv e and inefficient,which led to numerous failed schemes aimed at converting herders to m odern ranching models;and that Africa’s drylands can support commercial ranching.They cannot.Most of Africa’s herders live in areas with unpredictable weather systems that are totally unsuited to commercial ranching.What the pastoralists need is support for their traditional lifestyle.Over the past few years,funders and policy-makers have been starting to get the message.One example is i ntervention by governments to ensure that pastoralists get fair prices for their cattle when they sell them in times of drought,so that they can afford to buy fodder for their remain ing livestock and cereals to keep themselves and their families alive(the problem in Afric an famines is not so much a lack of food as a lack of money to buy it).Another examp。