2011年9月18日高级口译笔试真题、答案及解析
spot dictation文本及评析
What?s in a surname? Y ou may ask. A new website project has been released, that helps you locate your past. Have you ever wondered why your ancestors gathered where they did, or where others with your surname live now. A research project investigating the distribution of surnames in Britain answers these questions. And another study has found the surnames are still extremely regional.
Smith, for example, remains the most common surname in Britain, used by more than half a million people. It has exactly the same concentration it always did in Lerwick, in the Scottish Shetland Islands. Jones is the No. 2 surname, and is the most common among hill farmers in north Wales.
The data used for this project comes partly from electoral register. A number of other files are held by Ex-pairing, which is probably Britain's largest collector of data about individuals.
There're some of us who are fairly predictable. Campbell, for example, as you might expect, is somewhat concentrated in the northern parts of Scotland, and it appears really bizarre to be found somewhere else.
Well, with 25, 000 names as difficult to generalize, what you can do is put them in general categories, if, for example, you look at names which are people's work. Like the name, Webber, you might find it is much more common in the Midlands than in the south of England. If you go to Wales, most people get their names from their ancestors and in Yorkshire for example, a lot of people have names based on the places that they originally lived in or at least their ancestors did. Well, we only have 25, 000 names on this website, but there're another 50, 000 names now found in Britain and they're particularly interesting, for they are non-British names. Most British names are fairly common and about what we can now do as such is look for the frequency of all names from different parts of the world and different faiths, religions and languages. And what there is in names is actually extremely useful for researchers in anthropology and sociology may find a lot about different immigrant groups and their descendants now living in this country.
评析：
这篇章通过对不列颠姓氏分布情况的分析，谈论了关于姓氏的话题。下面是这篇听力文章出现的一些关键词，共各位考生参考。
distribution n. 分布
concentration n. 集中，密度
electoral register 选民登记册
individual n. 个人
predictable adj. 可预测的
bizarre adj. 奇怪的
generalize v. 概括总结
frequency n. 频率
anthropology n. 人类学
descendant n. 后代
Listening Comprehension 1
W：We heard up there that if you are turned down the first time, you try and persevere, but I can?t imagine going back to a boss after you have been turned down.
M：Don?t give up. It?s so important not to give up. The first thing that you wanna do is try to understand what the situation is, engage in some candid conversation. I understand that you weren?t happy with my proposal or you are not able to approve it at this time. Tell me what some of your concerns are, because asking for a change in schedule is often about negotiation. So, maybe we can come up with some type of alternative or middle ground, and if that?s not possible right now, let?s set a timetable for when we can revisit it, because what?s not possible today, could be plausible in 3 or 6 months from now, because circumstances and attitudes change. So don?t give up.
W：Right! You don?t have to be a pest.
M：That?s right.
W：But just don?t give up quietly. OK. We hear bosses saying,” I can?t have people just wake up one day and say, …I need more time off?”, what are they really saying?
M: That?s right. You can?t walk in a nd just make those demands. The bottom line is bosses really do want us to be happy, but not at the expense of productivity. And any type of a change in schedule, any type of flexibility, really, is an accommodation, not an entitlement, and so it doesn?t m atter why I am asking, whether it?s “I am a mom, and I need more time with my kids.” or “I am a dad who wants to coach a soccer team.” It doesn?t matter what my reasons are for asking. I have to be able to convince the boss that I?m gonna produce results.
W: That?s one of these reasons you should say over and over again. Don?t go in with the pressing problem. Go in with the pressing solution.
M: Solutions really are your way to victory, not always. But you are definitely not gonna succeed, if you go in with a laundry list of problems. If I come and I say: “I?m so sick of my commute. I really have to work from home one day a week.”
W: But maybe the most skepticism raised by bosses is about the fact that you?re really gonna do as much or even more work. How do you convince your boss that you mean it that more work will be done. How do you convince and then show them.
M: Offer benchmarks. It?s the best solution that you can provide. Because you are gonna say here is the proposal that I have. And here is how we?r e gonna measure the results. Because I know results are important to you, and are important to me, too. So maybe we?re gonna have a conversation for 50 minutes every two weeks. So that we understand how the flow of communication is working. And if you are not happy, or I?m not happy, we have the ability to make changes along the way.
W: Right.
M: Flexibility is the key. In terms of getting these special accommodations, because I might say I want to work from home every Friday. But you know what? If there is a pressing business need, I will swap days. I will be here on that Friday，and so being flexible with this arrangement, with this propose change of schedule. Hopes you get control of your life, and keep the boss happy.
Q1 What are the two people talking about?
Q2 What is the bottom line for the bosses on the matter according to the man?
Q3 What is the best solution to the issue being discussed in the conversation?
Q4 Which of the following statements is true according to the conversation?
Q5 What is the relationship between the two speakers most probably?
NEWS
Question 6 to 10 are based on the following news.
Huston USA
Federal Authorities have shut down dozens of web domains as part of a crackdown on trafficking in counterfeit goods or copyright works. Internet users are attempting to access the websites now are greeted by a notice that the sites have been seized by the department of homeland securities, immigration and customers enforcement. The coordinated federal-run enforcement operation targeted online retailers of a diverse aray of counterfeit goods, including sports equipment, shoes, handbags and sunglasses, as well as illegal copies of copy-righted DVD box sets, music and software. The justice department said the crackdown involved the seizure of 82 sites. Twelve of
the cases were investigated by the Huston-based agency with homeland security investigations. But most of the sites are based overseas, particularly in East Asia according to the Huston office
of homeland security investigations.
King Balia, Australia.
South Africa and Australia have said the next managing director of the International Monetary Fund should be appointed on merit and not nationality. The penal say the current appointment system undermines the IMF?s legitimacy. The body has always been headed by a European and UK chancellor George Asborn has backed Christian Legard, French Economy Minister for the post. The position is vacant after Dominic?s Drownscon resigned last week. So he could fight sexual assault charges. For too long, the IMF?s legitimacy has been undermined by a convention to a pointed senior management on the basis of their nationality. Australian Treasure Wan Sworn and South African Finance Minister Proven Gordon sealed a joint statement. In order to maintain trust, credibility and legitimacy in the eyes of its state coders, there must be an open and transparent selection process, which results in the most competent person being appointed as managing director regardless of their nationality.
Carbo Afghanistan
Suicide bombers wielding machine guns have stormed a government building in eastern Afghanistan, officials say. Initial reports say at least three gunmen wearing suicide vests shot their way into the traffic police headquarters in a coast city. Security forces have surrounded the compound and the gun battle has taken place, police say. At least one person is reported to have been killed. The attack comes a day after a suicide bombing in Cabul killed at least six. In the latest attack, a guard was killed in the i nitial assault which happened above five o?clock on Sunday, so the army commander for a coast province. The provincial police chief told local news agency that there were three other police officers who had been wounded. The Taliban said it carried out the attack.
Wonden, UK
The first service that allows users to pay for purchases, the other mobile phone has been launched in the UK. Users wishing to use the system don?t quick tap while need all range and Barkly card accounts as well as a handset set up for contact less payments. The idea of the mobile wallet is gaining popularity around Europe. Having a wallet on my phone has made it much more convenient to make purchases on the move and I like that it allows me to keep track of what I?m spending as I go, said David Chen, Chief Executive of Barkly card consumer. Later this summer, users will also be able to use the service to pay the toll on the else six motorway.
Ricy Weke, Iceland
The Icelandic authorities have imposed a local flight ban after the country?s most active volcano Greensvoton began erupting. A plume of smoke was in twelve miles into the sky from the volcano. But Iceland Metrological office says the eruption should not cause wide spread disruption to air traffic. Last year, ash clouds from another Icelandic volcano led to the closure of a large section of European airspace. Governments fear that ash particles could cause aircraft engines to fail and the closure cost chaos to air travellers. The Icelandic civil aviation authority has imposed a flight ban
of 120 nautical miles around Greensvoton. The authority spokeswoman said we have closed the area until we know better what affect the ash will have. The ash in Greensvoton is more course and is not likely to cause danger as it falls to the ground faster. And doesn?t stay as long in the air, as the eruption last year. Domestic Airline Icelandic Airline said no traffic had been affected.
Question 6. The US Federal Authorities shut down 82 websites trafficking in counterfeit goods, in which part of the world are most of these sites based?
Question 7. On which of the following factors should IMF boss be appointed according to Australian and South African officials?
Question 8. At least how many people are reported to have been killed when suicide bombers stormed at Afghanistan police base on Sunday?
Question 9. What new service has recently been offered to UK shoppers?
Question 10. Which of the following is TRUE about the latest eruption of Iceland?s most active volcano?
Listening Comprehension 3
Questions 11-15 are based on the following interview.
W: Remember the setting for the movie the Truman show？It looked like a nice place to live. Well, for the most part, it wasn?t a set .The town actually exists and it was built on the concept of new Urbanism, the idea of using architecture and planning to nurture civic ties and to encourage interaction between neighbors. In central Florida, the World Disney Company is running its own experiment in new urbanism, a town called Celebration. Andrew Ross is a professor of American studies at New York University. He spent a year living in Celebration, getting to know the town and its people. Now Professor Ross, could you say something about this?
M: The town more or less borrows very heavily from new urbanized principles. That?s the
town-planning movement that is pledged to create environmentally friendly alternatives to sprawl and to create communities around people rather than automobiles. But many aspects of that kind of design of town are really aimed at maximizing social interaction between residents.
W: And from your point of view, this would be laudable goals? I mean you go to some horrible sprawl communities and places like southern California, and you?ll see houses that only present
garage doors to the street, and a community set-up where you absolutely have to drive to every single place and no one ever sees each other.
M: And what make Celebration unique? There are many things that make celebration unique but one of them is the very high level of media scrutiny. By the time I got there to spend my year in Celebration, this was a community of folks who are already the most scrutinized people on the planet and that generated a very high level of performance anxiety among the folks living there. Really, that trickle down all the way from the Disney boardrooms to the school restrooms, ceaselessly assessing how the community was doing, whether it was creating a vibrant sense of interaction and participation and whether it was being a success or a failure.
W: Now, despite all the planning that went into Celebration, it evolved in what turned out to be unpredictable ways. A lot of people were disappointed there, some people less disappointed.
M: A lot of folks who moved in there had very high expectations. A goodly number of them were Disney files, who had been accustomed to high levels of customer satisfaction from the company in their vacation experiences. Obviously, those high expectations would be inevitably thwarted at some level. But most folks, and we are talking about a self-selected group of pioneers who moved in there, were people who had moved from the cheerless isolation of a lot of other suburban places, were very hungry for community, very much looking for a town where they could fully participate and create and define the sense of community there.
W: What about the attempts of the planners to engineer community where there will be a mixture of incomes? Was that effective?
M: Initially it was effective and this is highly unusual in the American housing landscape to find fairly pricy houses just a spit away from multi-family rental apartment buildings. You just don?t find that anywhere in American housing landscape. The problem is that a lot of new Urbanist Towns like Celebration become commercially successful and Celebration has indeed been that. What happens is the housing prices rise and the low-income folks can?t afford to live there anymore. That?s already beginning to happen. There were working-class people who I knew in Celebration who had moved in there as pioneers and Lord knows how they made ends meet and they did. Certainly, it wasn?t cheap to live in town but increasingly those low-income folks won?t be able to afford that.
11. About which of the following is Professor Ross being interviewed?
12. Which of the following is not promised by new urbanized principles?
13 . What, among many other things, makes the town of Celebration unique?
14 . What can we probably tell about Celebration from the interview?
15. Which of the following statements is true about those who had?
Listening Comprehension 4
Hel lo, I?m Amber and you?re listening to BBC learning https://www.doczj.com/doc/b94829196.html,. In London life today, we sit down to a traditional British breakfast in a smart London restaurant and a …greasy-spoon café?! A …greasy-spoon café?, or …caff?, is the opposite of a smart restau rant!
We find out what the traditional British breakfast is made of, and why it is becoming more and more popular, especially in London, to eat breakfast in a café before arriving at the office for a hard day?s work.
Now let?s listen to what an American anthropologist, Kaori O?Connor says. According to Kaori O?Connor, strangers to England have a …vague vision?, an unclear picture in their minds, of what the traditional British breakfast is –perhaps it?s served from silver dishes on a grand …sideboard?. As you listen, try to catch what Kaori lists as the three main ingredients of the great British breakfast.
She says …It?s a meal that everyone outside of England has heard of, and dreams about, and we don?t know what it is, but when we come here, we want to e at it. And we have some vague vision of, you know, a sideboard with silver dishes and it?s just going to be the most wonderful thing on earth and I got here, and I went to a café and there was the bacon, eggs and chips, and I thought –gosh, is this all th ere is?!?
Did you catch it? Kaori says she went into a London café for breakfast and there it was …bacon, eggs and chips?! Bacon is meat from a pig that has been salted and dried, and it is fried for a traditional English breakfast!
The eggs are usually fried too, and there is also usually some kind of bread – perhaps fried bread or even, as Kaori saw, chips – fried potatoes!
So now let?s go to a smart London restaurant where chef Lawrence Keogh is frying a traditional breakfast! You can hear the sizzling in the background! He explains why he eats breakfast – the egg and bacon are …protein?, for example –protein is healthy. …it keeps you going all day?. It?s …sustenance?, nourishment, healthy food.
As you listen, try to catch what he says is a new trend, or fashion in London?s top restaurants.
Lawrence Keogh says …I think it?s fundamental to the start of the day. If I?ve got a long day at work, I try and eat egg and bacon in the morning because it?s protein – it keeps you going all day. You know really, we do a lot of business meetings as well now in the morning –the place is very busy –and I think you see it across London now, there?s lots more people having business meetings in top restaurants and it?s getting very fashionable to have breakfast.?
Well, Did you catch it? Laurence says that more and more people are having …business meetings in top restaurants and it?s getting very fashionable to have breakfast.?
Well our last stop today is a greasy-spoon café. Russell Davies is an expert on these! He?s writte n a book called …Egg, Bacon, Chips and Beans: 50 Great Cafes and the Stuff That Makes Them Great?. He explains what makes a great breakfast in a down-market London café. He writes in the book …I would say the café experience, you know, it?s less than 50% the food, as it were, there?s also the atmosphere, there?s the fact that in a decent cafe, they?re not going to hurry you out. There?s the smells, there?s the sounds, you know, the badly-tuned radio, the eccentric art on the wall, the kind of odd condiment choice and most cafes are so small that it?s the best place for eavesdropping and just kind of listening to other people?s conversations
16. What is the main topic of this talk?
17. Which of the following is usually not included in the great British breakfast?
18. 18. What?s the new trend or fashion in London?s top restaurants according to Chef Lawrence Keogh?
19. Which of the following does not make the atmosphere in a down-market London café?
20. What can we conclude about a traditional British breakfast from the talk?
PT
1. Globally, alcohol consumption has increased in recent decades, with all or most of that increase in developing countries. This increase is often occurring in countries with few methods of prevention, control or treatment. The rise in alcohol consumption in developing countries provides ample cause for concern over the possible rise in alcohol related problems in those regions of the world. There is increasing evidence that besides volume of alcohol, the pattern of the drinking is relevant for the health outcomes. Overall, there is a causal relationship between alcohol consumption and more than 60 types of disease and injury. Worldwide alcohol costs
2.5 million death,
3.8% of total. The burden is not equally distributed among all the countries.
在全球范围内，酒精消费在近几十年内都在增长，几乎大部分消费都发生在发展中国家。这些增长通常发生在缺乏预防、控制和治疗措施的国家中。因为发展中国家酒精消费的增长，人们开始关心酒精可能带来的相关问题的增多。有越来越多的证据表明，除了酒精含量，饮酒方式也与健康息息相关。总的来说，超过60种的疾病和伤亡都与酒精消费有关。在世界各地，酒精造成了250万人死亡，占全球死亡人数的3.8%。对此，世界各国要负的责任不是均等的。
2. Traditional medicine is the sum total of knowledge, skills and practices based on the theories, beliefs and experiences indigenous to different cultures that are used to maintain health, as well as to prevent, diagnose or treat physical and mental illnesses. Traditional medicine that has been adopted by other populations (outside its indigenous culture) is often termed alternative or complementary medicine. Herbal medicines include herbs, herbal preparations, and finished herbal products that contain parts of plants as active ingredients. In some Asian and African countries, 80% of the population depend on traditional medicine for primary health care. In many developed countries, 70% to 80% of the population has used some form of alternative or complementary medicine, such as acupuncture.
传统医学是保持健康以及预防、诊断或治疗身心疾病方面所使用的以不同文化固有的理论、信仰和经验为基础的知识、技能和实践总和。其他人群所采用的传统医学（不属于其本土文化范畴）通常被称作替代或补充医学。草药医学包括药草、草药制剂和草药成品，其中包含
作为有效成分的植物部分。在亚洲和非洲一些国家，80%的人口依赖传统医学提供初级卫生保健。在许多发达国家，70%-80%的人口使用某种形式的替代或补充医学,例如针灸。
ST
Directions: In this part of the test you’ll hear 5 English s entences. You will hear the sentences only once. After you have heard each sentence translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your answer booklet. Now let’s begin Part B with sentence translation.
Sentence 1
In the education circles, homework opponents argue that homework damage the physical, emotional, and mental health of children by reducing the amount of time they have to play and get fresh air.
译文：在教育圈，反对家庭作业的人认为家庭作业减少了孩子们玩耍和去室外呼吸新鲜空气的时间，从而损害了孩子们的生理，情感以及心理健康。
Sentence 2
Most of us tend to believe that competition is good and that competition fairly handled can generally stimulate more efficiency in production, grater efforts to improve products and lower prices for consumers.
译文：我们大多数人认为竞争是好的，而且处理得当的竞争关系一般能够刺激生产更高的效率，更好的产品以及对消费者来说，更低的产品价格。
Sentence 3
Intellectual property crimes are not victimless. The theft of ideas and the sale of counterfeit goods threaten economic opportunities and financial stability, suppress innovation, and destroy jobs.
译文：知识产权犯罪并不是没有受害人的。盗取他人的观点，销售假冒产品威胁了经济机会和金融稳定，抑制了创新，毁掉了就业。
Sentence 4
People now sleep about 20% less than they did a century ago. One 2010 poll of 1000 Americans found 36% are drowsy or fall asleep when they are driving, and 29% become very sleepy at work.译文：现在人们的睡眠时间相比一个世纪以前减少了20%。2010的一份有1000位美国人参与的民意调查显示，36%的美国人在开车时都昏昏欲睡或者睡着，29%的人在工作时非常困乏。
Sentence 5
Destabilizing factors and uncertainties are clearly on the rise in our region. The impact of international financial crisis can still be felt and problems such as terrorist forces and drug
trafficking are becoming more pronounced.
译文：不稳定因素以及不确定性在我们这一地区正明显上升。国际金融危机的影响依然能够感受到，诸如恐怖主义力量以及非法毒品交易等问题也变得更加明显。
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2011年9月中、高级口译考试今日（9月18日）开考。本次考试为中、高级口译考试的笔试，笔试过关后考生将会获得2年内共4次的口试考试机会。
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2011年9月18日高级口译听力上半场MP3下载
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2011年9月18日高级口译听力上半场听力点评【昂立版】
2011年9月18日高级口译阅读部分SAQ第一篇---出自Independent
2011年9月18日高级口译阅读部分SAQ第二篇---选自Economist
2011年9月18日高级口译阅读部分SAQ第三篇---选自TIME
2011年9月18日高级口译阅读部分MC第一篇---出自Social Enterprise
2011年9月18日高级口译阅读MC第二篇---出自基督科学箴言报
2011年9月18日高级口译阅读部分MC第三篇---出自Guardian
2011年9月18日高级口译阅读部分MC第四篇---出自Time
2011年9月18日高级口译阅读MC第三篇详细解析【新东方版】
2011年9月18日高级口译阅读MC第二篇详细解析【新东方版】
2011年9月18日高级口译翻译部分答案及解析---汉译英【沪江版】
2011年9月18日高级口译翻译部分答案及解析--英译汉【昂立版】
2011年9月18日高级口译翻译---英译汉精彩解析【新东方版】
97年11月上海高级口译考试真题(B卷) 一、口语题 Directions: Talk on the following topic for at least 5 minutes. Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate. You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk. You need to have your name and registration number recorded. Start your talk with “My name is...” “My registration number is...” 1、Topic: Many people like to travel a lot on holidays. People may travel by air, by sea, by train, by coach or on foot. What do you think is the ideal way of traveling? Explain your argument. 2、Question for Reference: 1. Describe one of your interesting traveling experiences. 2. Make a comparison between air travel and train travel. 3. What do you think is the reward of traveling? 二、口译题 1、Part A （英译中） Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each passage, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal… and stop it at the signal… You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage. Passage 1: The trouble with education in Britain lies with the teachers. I don’t think teachers get enough training in actually how to teach rather than the subject they are teaching. They are too serious, too academic and not imaginative enough.//
沪江英语绿宝书之 2011年3月上海中级口译考试 听力原文及解析 SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (45 minutes) Part A: Spot Dictation Directions:In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. My topic for today?s lecture is communication, culture and work. When most people use the word culture, they think of people from different national backgrounds. National cultures certainly do exist and they play an important role in shaping the way people communicate, but there are other dimensions of culture too. Within a nation, regional differences can exert a powerful influence on communication. New Yorkers and Alaskans may find one another?s styles of behaving so different that they might as well be from different countries. Race and ethnicity can also shape behavior. So can age. The customs, values and attitudes of a twenty-year-old girl may vary radically from those of her parents who were raised in the 1960s or her grandparents who lived through the Great Depression and World War Ⅱ. Still, other differences can create distinctive cultures. Gender, sexual orientation, physical disabilities, religion and socio-economic background are just a few. All of these factors lead to a definition of culture as a set of values, beliefs, norms, customs, rules and codes that lead people to define themselves as a distinct group, giving them a sense of commonality. It?s important to realize that culture is learned, not innate.A Korean-born infant adopted soon after her birth by American parents and raised in the United States will think and act differently than his or her cousins who grew up in Seoul. An African American who grew up in the inner city will view the world differently than he or she would if raised in the suburbs or in a country like France where African heritage has different significance than it does in the United States. The norms and values we learn as part of our cultural conditioning shape the way we view the world and the way we interact with one another. In short, culture has such an overwhelming influence on communication that famous anthropologist Edward Hall once remarked, …culture is communication and communication is culture.?
9月中级口译真题+参考答案(4) Questions 16-20 We are moving inexorably into the age of automation. Our aim is not to devise a mechanism which can perform a thousand different actions of any individual man but, on the contrary, one which could by a single action replace a thousand men. Industrial automation has moved along three lines. First there is the conveyor belt system of continuous production whereby separate operations are linked into a single sequence. The goods produced by this well-established method are untouched by the worker, and the machine replaces both unskilled and semiskilled. Secondly, there is automation with feedback control of the quality of the product: here mechanisms are built into the system which can compare the output with a norm, that is, the actual product with what it is supposed to be, and then correct any shortcomings. The entire cycle of operations dispenses with human control except in so far as monitors are concerned. One or two examples of this type of automation will illustrate its immense possibilities. There is a factory in the U.S.A. which makes 1,000 million electric light bulbs a year, and the factory employs three hundred people. If the preautomation techniques were to be employed, the labour force required would leap to 25,000. A motor manufacturing company with 45,000 spare parts regulates their entire supply entirely by computer. Computers can be entrusted with most of the supervision of industrial installations, such as chemical plants or oil refineries. Thirdly, there is computer automation, for banks, accounting departments, insurance companies and the like. Here the essential features are the recording, storing, sorting and retrieval of information. The principal merit of modern computing machines is the achievement of their
2020年英语翻译资格考试高级口译模拟试题(1) Mass urbanization of the world’s population is an unprecedented trend worldwide. The most important reason why people are moving to cities is economic. People are moving to the cities because that’s where they can find jobs and earn money. Until the 20th century, the major source of employment, full and part-time, was farming. Now, according to recent statistics, no more than 15 percent of all jobs are connected to farming. Jobs now are being created in information technology, manufacturing and service areas, such as tourism and financing, and all of these new jobs are in or around major cities. 译文：世界人口大规模的城市化在世界范围内达到史无前例的规模。驱使人们持续涌向城市的最重要原因是经济因素。人们都涌向城 市是因为在城里能够找到工作和挣钱。在20世纪以前，就业的主要途径，不管是全职还是兼职，一直都是农耕。而现在，根据最近的统计 数据，只有不到15%的工作是和农业相关的。越来越多的工作产生于信息技术产业、制造业和服务行业，如旅游业和融资，而所有这些新兴 工作都在大城市及其周边地区。 评析：本题是高口热点话题“城市化”，在07年9月的高口NTGF 部分也涉及到过城市化的问题，前一题的句子翻译S2也提到了“人们 搬进大城市的原因，是追求高品质的生活”，而这里主要围绕工作展开。考查词汇都在大纲范围内，像urbanization, manufacturing等 都属于常见热词，考生在平时对这些词汇有所积累，翻译起来并不难。相对passage 2, 这段话稍微有点长，这也提醒考生注意平时多练习听写记笔记，熟悉常考话题，这样在考试时才能拿高分。
历年上海英语翻译中级口译汉译英真题及答案 原文： 越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。中国的崛起，让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处——既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。 这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。曾几何时，他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，而且还不时走访中国，欣赏壮观的自然风光，认识丰富的文化遗产。 译文： An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West. They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage. 解析： 本段是一篇文化类介绍文章。总体难度一般，以句号结束的句子即可作为一
历年上海英语中级口译翻译英译汉真题及答案 原文： 出自Newsweek Why We Must Fire Bad Teachers The relative decline of American education at the elementary- and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nation’s future. Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world. Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Lithuania, behind at least 10 other nations. For much of this time—roughly the last half century—professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be well. They tried New Math, open classrooms, Whole Language—but nothing seemed to achieve significant or lasting improvements. Yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied. What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, or even the curriculum, is the quality of the teacher. Much of the ability to teach is innate—an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess (and some people definitely do not). Teaching can be taught, to some degree, but not the way many graduate schools of education do it, with a lot of insipid or marginally relevant theorizing and pedagogy. In any case the research shows that within about five years, you can generally tell who is a good teacher and who is not. 我们为什么必须叫停“不称职”的老师?
2011年3月高级口译翻译真题及答案（汉译英） 合营企业设董事会，其人数组成由合营各方协商，在合同、章程中确定，并由合营各方委派。董事会是合营企业的最高权力机构，决定合营企业的一切重大问题。董事长由合营各方协商确定或由董事会选举产生。董事长是合营企业法定代表人。董事长不能履行职责时，应授权其他董事代表合营企业。 An equity joint venture shall have a board of directors; the number of the directors thereof from each party and the composition of the board shall be stipulated in the contract and articles of association after consultation among the parties to the venture; such directors shall be appointed by the relevant parties. The highest authority of the joint venture shall be its board of directors, which shall decide all major issues concerning the joint venture. The chairman shall be determined through consultation by the parties to the venture or elected by the board of directors. The chairman of the board is the legal representative of the joint venture. Should the chairman be unable to perform his duties, he shall authorize another director to represent the joint venture. 董事会会议由董事长负责召集并主持。董事会会议应当有2/3以上董事出席方能举行。董事不能出席的，可以出具委托书委托他人代表其出席和表决。董事会会议应用中文和英文作详细记录，并在会议结束后14日内送交每位董事，由出席董事会会议的各位董事签字确认。 The board meeting shall be called and presided over by the chairman of the board. A board meeting requires a quorum of over two-thirds of the directors. Should a director be unable to attend, he may make a proxy authorizing someone else to represent him and vote in his stead. Detailed minutes of the board meeting shall be prepared in Chinese and English and shall be delivered to each director within fourteen days of the conclusion of the meeting to be signed and confirmed by each of the directors who attended the board meeting. 2011年3月高级口译翻译真题及答案（英译汉） When President Obama took the stage here Wednesday to address a community —and a nation —traumatized by Saturday’s shootings rampage in Tucson, Arizona, it invited comparisons to President George W. Bush’s speech to the nation af ter the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, and the memorial service President Bill Clinton led after the bombing of a federal office building killed 168 people in Oklahoma City in 1995. 本周三，奥巴马总统登台演讲，就上周六亚利桑那州图森市所发生的枪击惨案向饱受心灵创伤的公众及全国发表演讲，人们不禁联想到，布什总统在2001年911袭击之后的演讲、以及1995年克林顿总统为俄克拉荷马州联邦政府大楼爆炸中的168名遇害者举行的追悼会。 But Osama’s appearance presented a deeper challenge, reflecting the tenor of his
中级口译历年真题--翻译篇 2012年春季（3月） 英译汉原文： When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960′s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and Polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions. Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it we re the words: “Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.” It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you. 英译汉参考译文： 我年轻的时候，有本非常好的杂志《全球目录》，这是我们那代人的“圣经”之一。杂志的创办人是斯图尔特·布兰德，创办地是在离这里不远的门罗公园，他赋予了这本杂志诗一样的美感。六十年代后期，个人电脑和桌面排版尚未出现，所以这本杂志完全利用打字机、剪刀、偏光镜来完成，有点像平装本的谷歌，却出现在谷歌问世三十五年前。这本杂志充满了理想色彩，充满了整齐利落的工具、不同寻常的见解。 斯图尔特和他的团队出版了几期《全球目录》，在它完成使命后，他们出版了最后一期杂志。那是在七十年代中期，那时我和你们的年龄相仿。杂志最后一期的封底上是张清晨的乡村公路的照片，那样的路，如果你有些冒险精神，可能会一路搭车走过。照片下面有两句话：“求知若饥，虚怀若愚”，这是他们停刊的告别语，“求知若饥，虚怀若愚”，我总是以此鼓励自己。现在，当你们即将毕业踏上新的旅程，我给予你们同样的期望。 翻译评析： 这篇短文取自于乔布斯在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲。语言比较口语化，词汇不难。因为是演讲类短文，所以考生在翻译的时候大可以顺序驱动。节选的这个短文有几处的词汇和短语大家可以注意下： poetic：充满诗情画意的 idealistic: 理想主义的 run his course: 完成使命 hitchhiking: 搭乘 sign off: 停止签发，停止 汉译英： 吸烟之危害，可谓大矣，其严重性是不能低估的。吸烟污染空气，损害健康，使肺癌发病率大大增加。为了使各国人民关注烟草的盛行及预防吸烟导致的疾病和死亡，世界卫生组织已将每年的5月31日定为“世界无烟日”。 瘾君子们说，一天饭不吃可以，一个时辰不抽烟就难捱了，不能戒。只要真正意识到吸烟有百害而无一利，于人于己都是一种祸害，就有可能下决心摆脱烟草的诱惑。戒烟贵在坚持，坚持下去就是收获。 参考译文： Smoking does great harm to human and its gravity should not be underestimated. Smoking pollutes air, damages health, and increases the incidence of lung cancer. To arouse the awareness about the prevalence of tobacco in all the countries and to prevent smoking-induced diseases and deaths, the WHO (World Health Organization) has defined May 31st in every year as World No-Tobacco Day. The tobacco addicts say that smoking is impossible to quit because they could do without meals in a day but would feel tortured without tobacco in two hours. However, when one realizes that smoking is harmful in many ways but beneficial in no way and that it is a curse to others as well
上海市英语高级口译岗位资格证书考试第一阶段试题（06.9） 1: (30 ) A: : , a . . . . . . a (1) , . I (2) . (3). , (4). , (5) . a (6) , a , , , (7) . (8). . (9) ? I (10). , , , (11). , 30 , (12) ! (一三). , , . (14). , (一五) , (16) . (17) . (一八), , . a ‘’ ‘’ . a , (19) . , (20). B: : . , . , . . 1 5 . 1. (A) 85 . (B) , . (C) . (D) . 2. (A) . (B) a “ ” . (C) . (D) 100. 3. (A) , , , . (B) , , , . (C) , , , . (D) , , , . 4. (A) a . (B) . (C) a , . (D) , , . 5. (A) . (B) . (C) a . (D) . 6 10 . 6. (A) 3 20 . (B) a . (C) . (D) 2050. 7. (A) . (B) a ’s . (C) . (D) .
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2013年3月上海中级口译考试翻译真题及答案解析汇总 【原文】 朝气蓬勃，充满活力，丰富多彩的上海是现代中国的缩影。虽然上海的文化遗迹不能与北京媲美，但是上海迷人的城市风貌，风格各异的万国建筑为这座城市注入了无限的魅力。今日之上海，已经成为享誉中外的国际大都市。 漫步在这座日新月异的现代大都市里，你会发现许多精彩的历史亮点，隐现在众多摩天大楼背后的是上海发展变化的轨迹。它们记述了上海自十九世纪末开埠以来，尤其是新中国成立以后，是如何迅猛发展的。 【参考译文】 Shanghai is a dynamic, diverse and stimulating city - the very epitome of modern China. Though Shanghai cannot rival Beijing in cultural heritage, its varied architectural styles and cosmopolitan feel give it a charm of its own. Today's Shanghai has become a world-famous international metropolis. A walk through this booming city reveals many glimpses of its colorful past. Hidden amongst the skyscrapers are remains of the original Shanghai. They keep on showing how Shanghai has been developing fast and enormously since its opening as a commercial port in the late 19th century, especially after the founding of new China. 【评析】 该篇翻译属于经典话题，类似于上海城市介绍，考生如果熟悉教材，注意积累相关句型词汇，特别是对“朝气蓬勃、充满活力dynamic, diverse and stimulating、缩影epitome、遗迹heritage、城市风貌cosmopolitan feel、万国建筑varied architectural styles”等常考的表达，应该可以顺利取得高分。 If you’ve ever been on a jury, you might have noticed that a funny thing happens the minute you get behind closed doors. Everybody starts talking about themselves. They say what they would have done if they had been the plaintiff or the defendant. Being on a jury reminds me why I can’t tolerate talk radio. We Americans seem to have lost the ability to talk about anything but our own experiences. We can’t seem to generalize without stereotyping or to consider evidence that goes against our own experience. I heard a doctor on a radio show talking about a study that found that exercise reduces the incidence of Alzheimer’s. And caller after caller couldn’t wait to make essentially the opposite point: “Well, my grandmother never exercised and she lived to 95.”We are in an age summed up by the saying: “I experience, therefore I’m right.”Historically, the hallmarks of an uneducated person were the lack of ability to think critically, to use deductive reasoning to distinguish the personal from the universal. Now that seems an apt description of many Americans. 【参考译文】 如果你曾经当过陪审员，你可能会注意到一件有趣的事情：一旦关上了门，所有人就开始谈论他们自己。他们会讨论，如果自己是原告或被告的话会做什么。担任陪审员的经历让我明白了我为什么无法忍受谈话性的广播节目。我们美国人似乎只剩下了谈论自己经历的能力。我们似乎无法抛开固有的成见进行总结，也无法客观地分析与自身经历相悖的证据。 我曾听过一位医生在之声节目上讲述一项研究，该研究发现锻炼能降低阿兹海默症（老
1上海市英语中级口译证书第二阶段考试试题集锦 (201009) 口语题 Directions: Talk on the following topic for at least 3 minutes. Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate. You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk. You need to have your name and registration number recorded. Start your talk with “My name is…”，”My registration number is…” Topic: Can shopping vouchers increase consumption? Questions for Reference: 1.To stimulate consumption, which is more effective, tax reduction or shopping vouchers? 2.What are the major purposes of issuing shopping vouchers? 3.In what way can the shopping vouchers best be distributes? Shall every citizen be given the same amount of shopping vouchers or should the vouchers be limited to the lower-income people only? 口译题 Part A Directions:In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal…and stop it at the signal…You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage. Passage 1 As for us Americans, you may think that we give too much importance to individualism and personal gains, so much so that it might sacrifice collective benefits, and even bring harm to the harmony of the society.// Yes, but you don’t have to be worried. American work ethic is more individual-oriented. We often value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process.// If I am not mistaken, the traditional Chinese work ethic is based on Confucianism, which stresses the benefit of communal harmony rather than individual freedom.// It’s really very hard to say which is better because if the cultural differences. With the economic globalization, cultural exchanges have become more and more extensive and Americans and Chinese will know and understand each other better. 至于我们美国人，你们会感到我们太看重个人主义，太看重个人利益，这样可能会牺牲集体的利益，甚至会损害社会的和谐。// 是的，但你们不必担忧。我们美国人的工作理念更强调个人主义。我们一般重视的是结果和成就，而不是过程。// 如果我没理解错的话，中国传统的够工作理念是以儒家学说为基础的，这种思想强调整体和谐高于个体自由。// 由于文化差异的存在，真的很难说哪种理念更好。随着经济全球化，文化交流也随之变得越来越广泛，美国人民和中国人民将会更加互相了解和理解。