研究生课本课后1-6单元写作集锦
第一单元：提高社区成员交流的建议
Nowadays, It is more and more important for us to improve communication, because communication is playing a significant role in our daily life.
Our neighborhood is like a big family, communication can help us to solve the conflicts and contradictions in the neighborhood.
Firstly, As a chairman of our neighborhood community, I have the responsibility to hold some activities to enrich the lives of members. The opportunity of communication is very important. For example, a cocktail parties can help people to keep conversation flowing.
Secondly, numbers should enhance the skills of communication. sometimes, we should use our body language properly and make them lively. For example, a physical, nonverbal gesture by women should be more expressive. Sometimes, Language is the only tool, different speed and cadence of our voices can express different meanings.Someone express themselves in all sincerity and with warmth to show respect to the others. Besides, sense of humor is very important, we should use this skill frequently.
Lastly, we should learn more knowledge to enrich our mind. That can help us to communicate with others meaningfully, and When the others talk about anything, we can join in them at once and don't feel
embarrassed.
The importance of communication among the community members is obvious. However, the suggestion is very simple. Therefore, step up and start to make your life become different.
第二单元：最有价值的家庭传统
When I was young, my parents told me：“Where there is a will, there is way ”. They aimed at encouraging me of the importance of diligence. Undoubtedly, the most valuable tradition of my family is diligence, nobody can deny the importance of it, which developed a positive attitude to make my life more meaningful in my growth. The spirit was remembered and it prevented me from quitting easily when I felt precarious.
My parents said that if I hoped to make progress, I must try my best to do everything unswervingly. The more diligent we are, the more easily we are to make money, accumulate wealth, create more opportunities, establish career and integrate into society. My mother often took Edison as a case in point, He told us:” Genius need 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration”.
All in all, at no time can I ignore the importance of the diligence. Furthermore, on my personal level, small success is no excuse for feeling satisfied with myself. I have always believed in success, have always believed that without diligence,
I have learned that one person can really make a difference.Only I strive for life in the future, can I obtain a better education, more job stability better income and a more beautiful environment.
第三大单元：促使比尔盖茨成功的因素
Factors Contributing to the Success of Bill Gates
Everyone is eager to gain success，and everyone has his own interpretation.There are many factors leading to success such as opportunity,intelligence,and ambition,ect.
There is no denying that the success of Bill Gates is one of the most successful entrepreneurs in the world.As far as i am concerned,ambition is the premise.Firstly,you must have an ambition.You ought to know what do you want to do.Bills Gates clearly knows his ambition,so he drop out of school Secondly, opportunity plays the same important as diligent impact on success.There is a saying that:”success is owing to the people who are ready to do everything ”Thirdly is preparation.God always give the chance to someone who make an preparation.The last factor which contributing to the success of Bill Gates is intelligence.As far as i am concerned,intelligence is also play an important impact on success.Someone ought to develop his strength.
In conclusion, concerning the importance of seizing the right moment, we college students should make every effort to get fully prepared to lest miss the opportunities. And everyone should have a clear
vision of what he really want in life. If you know what you want, then you’ll recognize every opportunity that comes along that fits with your vision, and you’ll be able to grab these opportunities with both hands
第四单元：财富和快乐的关系
In our modern society with material becoming rich and wealth increasing, most people misunderstand the relationship between wealth and happiness. People always regard wealth as happiness, but there really are some differences between them. Happiness isn’t wealth or can’t be equal to wealth completely.
To some people ,wealth is regarded as first ,because it can help them to do what they want to do .For example ,with a lot of money ,they can buy house ,car ,clothes ,and so on .Besides ,they even have the idea that they can buy happiness which they like .As far as I’m concerned ,one should not equate wealth with happiness ,Happiness contains all kinds of things .I suppose that sometimes happiness comes from a little case .such as ,when you feel very hungry ,you can have a fine meal .you will be happiness as long as you feel your life being full of value .
In a word, keeping health first if you want become wealthy. It is well-known that a person can make a large fortune if he has the right opportunities during his life. But if the person suffers from a terrible illness, then no matter how much money he may earn, he will still lead a miserable life. Therefore, health is much more important than wealth.
第五单元：现代科技便利还是麻烦？
With the development of economy, the modern technology becomes more and more important in our daily life. As far as I am concerned , altough the development of technology has aroused many negative effects, yet its advantages and benefits far outweigh the down side
Firstly, modern technology has generated a great many innovative machines , which substitute human beings to undertake much labor work. Take computer for example, it can perform calculations in an instant with high accuracy. People have been set free from labors with the help of machines technology. Secondly, technology has bettered people’s health condition, and lengthened human life with advanced medical care and progressive medical research . Finally modern technology has shortened the distance among people, and facilitated communications between people.
Some people still hold the argument that life was better when technology was simpler. That may be illustrated by the fact that modern technology has resulted in great damage to natural environment. Great amount of natural resources have been over-exploited, and even disappeared. Yet such a problem should be controllable, and may be prevented if reasonable measures taken by we human beings.
第六单元：失败是好的老师吗？
At present,“Is failure a good teacher?”has become one of the most
popular topics in our daily lives.There is no doubt that failure indeed happen every now and then, it often accompany with us in our common life. Although,for failure,different people have different ideas.I’m perfectly willing to agree that failure can be a good teacher.
Generally speaking,For these people who are optimistic, they always think that “the failure is the mother of success”. They can always find the way to success, according to failure. They will never be afraid of failure , because they have the faith that failure is only the obstacle in the way to success, they may move the stone from the way or find another way to reach success at last .For the other pessimistic people , they may think that failure is not good. They are afraid of failure. If they do meet with failure , they always tell themselves that they are bad and could never be successful , which could destroy their confidence. So they are very afraid of failure .
As long as I am concerned , failure is a good teacher.There is some wisdom to be learned from failure. If we can learn to turn a failure to our advantage, we will have learned another secret to success. In a word, Failure is a good teacher and teach us a lot.
Unit 1 翻译技巧（一） 翻译概述 1.把下面的英语段落翻译成汉语。 没有哪个政治体制是完美的；但是很多美国人都会告诉你，如果他们会嫉妒 我们的一样东西的话，那就是我们英国传统的为期三周的大选，因为它的简洁就 是一种仁慈----是对选民和政治家们双方的仁慈：他们拿它跟美国四年一度的总 统选举中进行的那些耗时几个月的战争相比。 2. 把下面的汉语段落翻译成英语。 Someone has once prophesied that once cigarettes disappear from the surface of the earth, the whole world may be in chaos. This might be an exaggeration, but the danger of smoking should not be underestimated. Smoking is a curse affecting the whole globe. Let’s put foreign countries aside. China alone has hundreds of millions of smokers. Addicted smokers often say that it would be more difficult for them to endure the suffering of two hours without smoking a cigarette than a day without having meals. Smoking pollutes the air and endangers the health, consequently increasing the incidence of lung cancer greatly. Unit 2 翻译技巧(二) 直译与意译 1. 用直译法翻译下列的词语、惯用语和句子： （1）开胃酒（2）水果蛋糕（3）童装（4）人工语言（5）门铃 （6）访问学者（7）走下坡路（8）扣帽子/加标签于某人（9）随大 流（10）overtime pay （11）peanut oil （12）rice flour （13）academic journal （14）woman editor （15） evening paper （16）tear up by the roots
①A. 从更大的范围上讲，选民们往往仅因为某个政客的外表整洁清秀而对他做出有利的反应。他的对手则因为没有生就一副令人信任的外表而常常遭到否定的评价。这种判断是错误的，其后果可能是灾难性的。就算许多选民投一位候选人的票完全是出于政治原因，但本不该当选的人，如果他有整洁清秀的形象，就会使他在势均力敌的选举中占有优势。我们常常根据一个人的表达能力而做出轻率的判断。再回到政治这一话题上来，许多选民仅仅根据候选人公开演讲的方式就对他的能力做出判断。然而，一个候选人可能非常善于演说，但并不一定能胜任他所竞选的职位。我认识许多才能杰出的人物，他们只是没有培养自己在公开场合演讲的能力，但在与别人一对一的交流中却表现极为出色。这种能充分表达自己见解的能力，固然十分重要，但我们对于那些让人感觉善于辞令的人，往往产生错误的印象，因为很多情况下这种优点仅仅只是“表面现象”。不难想象，一位外表整洁清秀、讲话娓娓动听的政治家会轻而易举地战胜一位不事张扬但更为合格的对手。他之所以取胜仅仅是因为他的形象令人信服。 B. If you want a winning image with others, your first concern must be a winning self-image. The individual who has a losing self-image will never be able to project a winning image to others. He may be able to fool some people for a while, but his poor self-image will eventually make it impossible for him to relate favorably to others. Throughout the ages, great philosophers have stated, “You are what you think you are.”It is imperative for you to have good image of yourself if you want to create the same impression in others. No matter who you are, everything worthwhile will depend on your own self-image. Your happiness will be based on it. You will live only one life, and in order to enjoy it, you must have a winning self-image. Since we can all choose how we want to think ourselves, we should try to have positive, winning thoughts. In your own attempt to build a winning image you must begin with the self —otherwise, the image you strive for will be supported by nothing but a sand foundation. Any athlete will tell you that you must know you’re a winner in order to be one. To many, this kind of message will sound like double-talk, but it contains an essential truth. Although you can apply this same message to anything in life, I will use athletics as the basis for illustrating my thoughts about self-images because sports involve physical exertion by which desired results can be achieved. ②学习艺术的过程可以很方便地分为两个部分：一是精通理论；二是善于实践。如果我想学习医学，我必须首先了解人体结构和各种疾病。当我具有了这些理论知识以后，我并不能胜任医学工作。只有经过大量的实践，我才能掌握这门学科，直到最终我把所掌握的理论知识和实践收获结合起来，并融合为一体——即成为我的直觉知识，这才是掌握任何一门学科的本质。然而，除学习理论和实践以外，在任何一门学科上想成为专家还必需有第三个因素——那就是，掌握这门艺术是你最关心的事情，在这个世界上肯定没有比这门学科更为重要的东西了。这一点适用于音乐、医学、木工——也适合于爱情。这也可能正是问题的答案所在：为什么在我们的文化中人们即使已遭遇显而易见的失败，但人们很少去尝试学习爱这门艺术。虽然人们内心深藏着爱，但他们几乎把所有其他的东西如成功、名誉、金钱、权力都视为比爱更重要，几乎把所有的精力都用来学习如何实现这些目标了，几乎没有人去学习爱这门艺术。只有那些能赢得金钱和荣誉的东西才值得学习，而爱只是一件我们无权为之浪费许多精力的奢侈品，它只能使心灵获益、而毫无现代意义上的好处可言。难道果真如此吗？B. Intimacy, passion, and commitment are the warm, hot, and cold vertices of Sternberg’s love triangle. Alone and in combination they give rise to eight possible kinds of love relationships. The first is nonlove—absence of all three components. This describes the large majority of our personal relationships, which are simply causal interactions. The second kind of love is liking. “If you just have intimacy”, Sternberg explains, “that’s liking. You can talk to the person, tell about your life. And if that’s all there’s to it, that’s what we mean by liking.”It refers to the feelings experienced in true friendships. Liking includes such feelings as closeness and warmth but not the intense feelings of passion or commitment. If you just have passion, it’s called infatuated love—“love at first sight”that can arise almost instantaneously and dissipate just as quickly. It
研究生英语系列教材上unit1-原文+翻译
TRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERS 核心员工的特征 What exactly is a key play？ 核心员工究竟是什么样子的? A “Key Player” is a phrase that I've heard about from employers during just about every search I've conducted. 几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。 I asked a client —a hiring manager involved in recent search — to define it for me. 我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理，给我解释一下。 “Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done. “每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活儿干好。 On my team of seven process engineers and biologists, I've got two or three whom I just couldn't live without,” he said. 在我的小组中，有七名化工流程工程师和生物学
家，其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的，”他说， “Key players are essential to my organization. “他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。 And when we hire your company to recruit for us, we expect that you'll be going into other companies and finding just: 当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候，我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人： the staff that another manager will not want to see leave. 其他公司经理不想失去的员工。 We recruit only key players.” 我们只招募核心员工。” This in part of pep talk intended to send headhunters into competitor's companies to talk to the most experienced staff about making a change. 这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话，目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。
17句搞定考研英语作文 所谓万能这个概念，如果大家都去这么用的话，就等于没有用了。PartB部分是有的，但是partA没有，PartB可以基本上把这个文章全写完的一个模板方式。万能模板，你这么想，大家告诉我，只要一个题目能够转变成一社会现象之后，最好准备两到三套大的万能无敌模式。 关于万能模式的几个问题： 一、我们选用的句子的灵活性强，经过了精心的选择 二、句型都是五星级,并在开头和长短句子方面有设计,并注意语法的丰富,每句话语法都不同. 三、我们选的句子与市面的任何资料都不同 四、很多同学说写的一样是否是雷同，不大可能，因为很难分到一个考场批判危害性的框架 1.总共写十七个句子. 第一段四个句子,第一句宏观描述图画,并谈图画看似可笑但发人深思.第二句写出图画最强烈的视觉效果,第三句是主题句,谈用二十个单词的爆发力句型谈该现象对个人的发展和进步有破坏性,并引发思考,第四句是用贬义词批判这个现象是强烈的指责。 (1)As is vividly depicted in the picture, ，which seems to be humorous and ridiculous but thought-provoking on second thoughts.(2)The most striking feature that impresses me deeply is that unbelievably, ，(3)Recent few years has witnessed a phenomenon of 主题which seems to be disastrous to individual survival and prosperity. (4)This phenomenon of 主题should be condemned severely or made illegal. (5)There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration. 中间段落从两方面论证问题的危害，并举例论证，预测危害的趋势 第二段七个句子,首先第一句从宏观上谈这种现象的总的有两到三个点危害或者原因,第二句谈这个现象的第一个危害,用“not only, but also”的五星级句子,通常是谈对个人身心健康的危害性, 第三个句子谈第二个危害,通常是用一个豪华级的比较级的句子,让老师耳目一新,通常是谈这个现象对社会的危害.第四个句子谈对家庭或学校的危害.第五个句子谈一个代替“for example”的十五个单词的好句子,意思是说没有更好的例子来证明正如下文.第六个句子是例子群体的出现,谈根据一项调查表明,80%以上的人只要从事经历过这个消极的现象一定会对个人在精神和生活上有危害.最后一句话是预测趋势的二十五个单词的钻石级的句子,谈以下预测趋势,表明这种现象再这样下去,就会导致恶劣的结果出现,甚至是毁灭性的后果。 (1) To account for the above-mentioned phenomenon, several serious effects have been put forward. (2)To begin with,主题not only results does harm to our physical and mental health but also results in a frustrating and humiliating life. (3)In addition, nothing is more harmful than主题to contradict with a harmonious society. (4)Last but not the least, no issue is as harmful as 主题to increase family burdens, which is a threatening situation we are unwilling to see. (5)No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below . (6)According to a survey made by China Daily, 63.93% of young people who have ever experienced主题will live a dull life or even feel loss of hope about the future. (7)If we cannot take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable results may come out unexpectedly, we will see the gloomy future of something. 最后一段要强调解决问题，谈的两点建议通常是提高人们的意识，加强执法 第三段六个句子, 第一个句子是下个结论,谈解决问题的必要性.第二个句子是第一个建议
Text A词汇答案 Unit 1 A. 1. were bulging with 2. multitude 3. crave 4. indulge in 5. abandon themselves 6. fastidious 7. mused on 8. soothing B. 1. faculty 2. besiege 3. stick to 4. laborious 5. profusion 6. file out 7. judicious 8. decipher 9. poignant 10. by degrees Unit 2 A. 1. annual 2. opponents 3. distinctions 4. ferociously 5. revered 6. overlooks 7. extra 8. celebrity B. 1. constructive 2 transformation 3. combat 4. status 5. severely 6. falling apart 7. effective 8. discouraged 9. cautious 10. wiped out Unit 3 A. 1. borrowings 2. exuberance 3. is flexible 4. instrument 5. diminishing 6. was bound to 7. accumulate 8. dominant B. 1. bound to 2 expansion 3. inclined 4. accumulate 5. conquest 6. stabilization 7. preserve 8. reduce 9. ingratiate 10. dominant
LESSON 1 1.因为英语是个杀手,正是英语造成了坎伯兰语,康沃尔语,诺恩语和马恩语等语言的消亡.在这 些岛上还有相当多的人使用在英语到来之前就已存在的语言.然而,英语在日常生活中无处不在.所有的人或几乎所有的人都懂英语.英语对现存的凯尔特语:爱尔兰语、苏格兰盖尔语及威尔士语的威胁是如此之大，它们的未来岌岌可危。 2.同时，他认为这些政策和他称之为语言歧视（和种族歧、,性别歧视的情况类似"）的偏见密 切相关。在菲利普森看来，在以白人英语为主导的世界，最重要的机构和个人（有意或无意地）鼓励或者至少是容忍了（肯定没有反对）英语霸权主义式的传播。这种传播始于三个世纪之前的经济及殖民扩张。 3.总的来说，我们现在或多或少地把这些语言看作有利的语言。在谈到与之相关的文化及其为 世界所做的贡献时，我们常怀有崇敬与赞赏，而且这样做也没有太大的风险，因为这些语言现在已不会构成什么威胁。 4.然而，许多人把英语看成是一件幸事。在此，我暂且不谈任何世界语言所具有的明显优势， 例如广泛的通信网，强大的文化传媒体系，及强有力的文化教育机构。 5.讲英语的南非英国后裔并不强烈反对种族隔离政权，而黑人反对力量，其成员讲多种语言， 在初期软弱无力且缺乏组织。 6.这一象征表明这种世界通用语的使用者应充分发掘这一幸事为我们带来的好处， 同时尽可能避免招来灾难。 LESSON 2 1.年初布什总统签署了一项《不让一个孩子落后》的重大法案,誓言要把“困在那些教学质量不佳又不进行改革的学校里的孩子”解救出来.2007 年7月1日美国教育部宣布有8652所学校被列 为“长期教学质量低下”的学校,现在这些学校中的学生必须在今后的几天内考虑决定他们是否 要转学, 同时各个学区也在忙着为符合转学条件的学生提供帮助和服务以抓住选择的机会。 ２.对于那些在教学改革旋涡中挣扎的学校的校长、老师和学生来说，这一法案的直接后果则是迷惑与混乱。他们认为该法案制订的教学改革标准太高而又没有说明各学区如何达到这些标准。３.我们必须对公众负责，不过我们必须研究所有衡量指标。 ４.一所学校连续两年在州水平考试中没有表现出“足够的年度改进”就会被认为是不合格的学校，但是联邦教育部并没有提供一个具有权威性的不合格学校的名单让学生家长作为参考，而是要求各州各自确定不合格学校的名单，并且要求他们把学生的考试成绩按照学生的种族和家庭收入进行分类。新法案还规定各州要公布便于学生和家长查找的不合格学校的名单，但是没有几个州能很快拿出来。 ５.教育部次长，前宾夕法尼亚州学校总监Eugene Hickok 也承认“该法案的实施可能会引起一些混乱”，但是他又说各州也不应为此而大惊小怪。教育部长Rod Paige 已经向各学区主管人士就有关改革事宜做了扼要指示并通报了全国。他说，即使在如纽约和芝加哥这样的大城市“接收择校生比较困难”，但“法律就是法律”。 ６.Wooten 说，“人很容易放弃自我，而去赶别人的潮流，但正如其他的美国人一样，我们都有成功的机会。我们为什么不开创自己的潮流呢？” LESSON ４ １.无论作为法定婚姻的前奏还是其替代品，同居现象的频繁出现都进一步弱化了婚姻区别于其他结合形式的独立特征。不管怎样，所有这些打破传统的结合方式一直以来都是建立在亚当一夏娃模式的异性恋基础之上的。 ２.有报告说曾发生过外星人为了做繁衍后代实验而绑架地球人的事件，但不论这些报道是否只是人们的幻觉，地球人探索宇宙寻找外星人却是事实。
研究生英语系列教材综合教程(上)课文翻译 Unit 1 核心员工的特征 1核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理，给我解释一下。“每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活儿干好。在我的小组中，有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家，其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的，”他说，“他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候，我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人：其他公司经理不想失去的员工。我们只招募核心员工。” 2这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话，目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。他们想从另一家公司招募核心员工。然而，每家公司也从新人中招人。他们要寻找的是完全一样的东西。“我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。假如他们看起来有同样特征的话，我们就在他们身上赌一把。”只是这样有点儿冒险。 3“这是一种有根据的猜测，”我的人事经理客户说。作为未来的一名员工，你的工作是帮助人事部经理降低这种风险，你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。 4特征1：无私的合作者 职业顾问和化学家约翰·费策尔最早提出了这个特征。关于这个特征，人们已经写了大量的文章。它之所以值得被反复谈及，是因为这一特征是学术界和企业间最明显的差别。“这里需要合作，”费策尔说，“企业的环境并不需要单打独斗，争强好胜，所以表现出合作和无私精神的员工就脱颖而出了。在企业环境中，没有这样的思维方式就不可能成功。” 5许多博士后和研究生在进行这种过渡的过程中表现得相当费力。因为生命中有那么长一段时间他们都在扮演一个独立研究者的角色，并且要表现得比其他年轻的优秀人才更出色。你可以藉此提高在公司的吸引力：为追求一个共同的目标和来自其他实验室和学科的科学家们合作——并且为你的个人履历上的内容提供事迹证明。这个方法，加上你在描述业绩时开明地使用代词“我们”，而不是“我”，能使公司对你的看法从“单干户”转变成“合作者”。更为有利的是，要在你实验室内部，以及在和你们实验室合作的人们之间，培养一个良好声誉：一个鼓励并发动合作的人——还要保证让那些会接听调查电话的人们谈及你的这个品质。 6特征2：紧迫感 唐-豪特是一位给aaas.sciencecareers@org 网站论坛频繁写稿的撰稿人。他之前是一名科学家。许多年前他转向了企业，并一直做到高级管理的职位。他在3M公司一个部门负责策略和商业开发工作，这个部门每年上缴的税收高达24亿多美元。他就是一个重视紧迫感的人。 7“一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，生意始终在进行，那意味着一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，竞争也同样在进行，”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’。这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。” 8特征3：风险容忍度 企业要求员工能承受风险。“一名求职者需要表现出仅凭不准确、不完整的信息就做出决策的能力。他或她必须能接纳不确定因素并冒着风险做出结论，”一位客户在职业描述中写道。 9豪特赞同这一说法。“商业成功通常有这样一个特质：那就是能接受不确定因素和风险——个人的，组织上的和财务上的。这就让许多科学家感到不适应，因为学术上的成功其实是依靠认真而严谨的研究。更进一步说，伟大的科学常常是由找寻答案的过程和答案本身两者同时来定义的。因此科学家们往往沉迷于过程。在企业里，你需要了解过程，但最终你会迷上答案，然后根据你认为该答案对你的企业所具有的意义来冒风险。像这样敢冒风险是一套技能组合，是所有雇主在他们最好的员工身上所寻找的东西。” 10风险容忍度的另外一个要点是求职者对失败的承受度。失败很重要，因为这表示你不怕冒险。所以各家公司总会寻找有可能犯错误并敢于承认错误的求职者。大家都知道如何谈论成功——或者当他们在寻找工作的时候应该知道。但很少有人乐意谈论失败，更少有人知道如何从失败的边缘吸取教训和获得经验。“对我的企业来说，求职者需要坦然地谈论他或她的失败，而且他或她需要有真正的失败经历，而不是特意为面试而杜撰的东西。如果做不到的话，那么这个人冒的风险还不够，”豪特说。 11特征4：善于处理人际关系 瑞克·李奇在迪科德遗传工程公司从事业务拓展。李奇最近才转行到企业，做业务方面的工作。我向他咨询这个重要特征，是因为在他的新业务角色中，人际沟通能力在成功和失败之间发挥着很大的作用。“科学家毕生都在积累知识，培养技术上的敏锐感，”他说，“但为企业工作需要完全不同的东西——人际交往的能力。想转行到企业界的科学家们必须优先考虑他们的社会关系资源而不是技术资源。对一个以前一直根据专业知识水平被评价的人来说，突然之间要根据他的人际交往能力来评价他，真是十分令人恐惧。” 12然而，如果认为只有像李奇那样的生意人才需要熟练的人际沟通技巧，那就错了。事实上，我所遇见的在企业工作的核心费工们之所以取得成功，很大程度上是因为他们能够与公司上下各种各样的人共事。 Unit 4 爱和情感连系 1爱，对于人类的生存是不可或缺的。它既是一种情感，又是一种行为。家庭通常是我们最早和最重要的爱和
交通问题 How horrible the traffic is! The picture depicts a scenario of a terrible traffic jam in the street. In fact, the traffic jam is so heavy that it is more of a parking lot than a crowded street①. Anxious passengers cannot take buses because there are few buses. Instead, the street is filled with too many private cars。 Exaggerated as it is, the phenomenon is not uncommon nowadays. With the number of private cars increasing②, traffic jams in metropolitans are bound to happen. Heavy transportation pressure in large cities may bring much inconvenience to people and exert negative impacts on the environment. On the one hand, when traffic jam happens, short distance in the past now seems to become terribly long, and drivers could do nothing but to wait. Therefore, a lot of precious time has been wasted on the road. On the other hand, exhausted gas emitted by cars③has increased the burden of environment and caused carbon emission, which has diverted from the concept of living a low carbon life。 Therefore, effective measures should be taken to alleviate the traffic jam. Firstly, taxes levied on the sales of private cars④should be raised so as to restrict private car ownership rate. Secondly, public transportation such as buses and subways, which are low-carbon transportation means, should be encouraged and promoted so that we can have a smooth transportation。 佳作妙译 交通状况真是一团糟!这幅漫画描述了街上糟糕的交通堵塞的场景。实际上，交通堵塞严重到了一定程度，与其说这是一条拥挤的街道，还不如说这是一个停车场。焦急的乘客等不到数量稀少的公交车，而私家车却到处都是。 虽然这幅图有点夸张，但是当今这种现象并不罕见。私家车的增多必然产生大城市交通堵塞。大城市沉重的交通压力会给人民生活带来不便，也会对环境造成负面影响。一方面，一旦发生堵车，原来很近的路程似乎变得十分漫长，除了等没有别的办法，大量的宝贵时间被浪费在路上。另一方面，汽车排放的尾气更增加了环境的负担、导致了碳排放，这和低碳生活的理念相违背。 因此，应该采取有效措施缓解严重的交通堵塞问题。第一，通过提高税费限制私家车拥有率(保有量)。第二，应该鼓励和推广低碳的公交车、地铁等公共交通工具，以便我们拥有更顺畅的交通。 名师点评 ①it is more of a parking lot than a crowded street: more of A than B的结构，通过字面可以理解成：更多的是A而不是B。 翻译的时候，往往翻译成：与其说是B，不如说是A。 反过来，当我们想用英语表达“与其……不如……”的时候，我们可以采用这个结构。 实际上，这个结构在模拟题阅读中曾多次出现。如2000年Text 3中的选项：Futurist poetry is more of a transient phenomenon than literature。 ②With the number of private cars increasing: with 短语表伴随，翻译成“随着”。 ③exhausted gas emitted by cars: 其中emitted by cars是过去分词短语作后置定语。 相当于定语从句：gas which is emitted by cars(被汽车排放的尾气)。
5．“我更愿意关注他们的思维方式，而不是他们的性格。通过改变他们的思维方式，就能改变他们的行为。” 课文翻译 有时候做女人或男人，或者做人都很难 我们对自己期望的太多，一旦我们失败我们就情绪低落，简单的生活让人更加开心。 1 许多取得极大成功的女性不久前才坦言自己精神崩溃了，紧接着《每日邮报》的首席专栏作家阿利森·皮尔森在一次急性抑郁症发作之后又艰难地做出了离职的决定。 2 斯蒂芬妮·梅里特，玛丽安·基斯和萨莉·汉普顿这些知名作家都公开向社会承认了她们工作能力严重丧失的问题。其他一些知名人士—比如演员艾玛·汤普森和《加冕街》剧中明星贝弗利·卡拉尔—最近也承认她们一阵阵地遭受急性精神抑郁症的折磨。 3 上周《卫报》中的一篇文章问道—女性们都怎么了？在她们取得所有这些成就的同时，为什么她们患抑郁症的概率是男性的三倍之多？为什么女性中患抑郁症的概率不断攀升？答案多种多样，有的认为是因为男性不常做家务活，有的认为是由于现在女性很晚才生养孩子。 4 然而，考虑到女性患抑郁症的高发率，比起男性，女性真的处境更糟糕的吗？也许—--尽管不一定是因为她们自己认为 女性和男性由于不同的原因，不快乐方式不同。对于女性来说，这些 原因不那么直接。这也就是女性抑郁症更加严重也更难治疗的原因之
一。 5 作为一个一生遭受抑郁症折磨的患者，同时也是个男人— 顺便说一下，男性自杀的概率是女性的三倍— 我知道抑郁的根源除了那些明显的压力因素和遗传因素外，还有不确定性和迷惘两个原因。 6 如果人们清楚地知道她们忧愁的根源，知道能做什么和不能做什么，他们就能摆脱掉很大部分的不快乐。当内心的冲突— 或者说矛盾 — 不停的在脑海里翻腾， 不快乐就演变为抑郁症。 7 矛盾和不确定是当代女性的命运。当代女性一直以来被灌输她们能够“拥有一切”的神话（卫报的作家基拉·科克伦把它称为“完美生活的疯狂追求”），而她们发现自己面对的却是一对接一对不可调和的矛盾，有些是未察觉到的、有些是拒绝接受的。 8 当代女性理所当然地想拥有成功、满意的事业、成为好母亲、好朋友以及当地社区的重要成员。同时她们还想保持性感、或许还要时髦。谁不想这样呢？ 9 然而要把这一切付诸实践实在是太难了,如果你努力成就事业，你就不能和你的孩子们有很多时间相处。反之，把孩子放在首位吧你可能觉得自己又回到了二十世纪五十年代那个女性备受压迫、职场上弱势的时代。这个不可调和的矛盾就足以使任何一个渴望事业的女性的产生很多焦虑和心痛。 10 很多女性既想成为家庭的照料者又想拥有自己的事业。虽然没完 全成为时尚的奴隶，但还是希望自己漂亮而时髦。无论胖瘦她们都热
研究生（英语）课后部分翻译答案 1. “一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，生意始终在进行，那意味着一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，竞争也同样在进行，”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。 “Business happens 24/7/365, which means that competition happens 24/7/365, as well,” says Haut. “One way that companies win is by getting …there? faster, which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move quickly, but you have to know how to decide where …there? is! This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions. This needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.”（第一章 P29 第一段） 2. 最后，职业地位包含对职业标准的遵守。很多律师通过在行业内外把自己塑造成一个具有良好职业道德的典范来找到自我价值。对那些在所有职业行为中都表现出极度正直和谦逊有礼的律师们来说，当管理阶层对他们理应受到的特别尊重表示肯定时，便又获得了另一种形式的精神报酬。 Lastly, professional status encompasses adherence to ethical standards. Most lawyers find self worth in setting an example—both within the profession and within the larger society—as ethical actors. When management affirms the special respect due to lawyers who act with the utmost integrity and civility in all of their professional dealings, it provides yet another form of compensation.（第一章 P29 第二段） 3. 最近的调查显示越来越多的人抱怨饭菜质量平平，价格昂贵，而法国烹饪的衰落还不止于此。这在法国可不是个小问题，要知道2002年美食旅游为法国创收180 亿欧元，占到全部旅游收入的1/4。越来越多的餐馆老板反映政府的税收和经济政策限制了他们的利润，也就影响了他们投资和雇佣更多人手的能力。束缚他们手脚的是令法国不那么光彩的繁琐拖拉的公事程序，更不要说那些来自欧盟的规定，从销售税到布里乳酪里含细菌的指标统统都在严格的掌控之中。 The decline goes well beyond recent surveys that show growing complaints about mediocre quality and high prices—no small concern in a country where tourisme gastronomique earned 18 billion euros in 2002, a quarter of all tourist revenues. More and more restaurateurs say that government tax and economic policies are limiting their profits, and thereby hurting their capacity to invest and hire more staff. They have become ensnarred in the red tape for which France is infamous—not to mention edicts from Brussels that affect everything from sales taxes to the bacteria in the Brie.（第二章 P59 第一段） 4. 浙江菜口味清淡，精致玲珑，是长江下游区域菜肴的代表。西湖醋鱼是其中的一道名菜。这道菜鲜美，酥嫩，带着自然的清香。中国乃至世界各地的中餐馆大都能找得到这道菜，但口味往往不及在浙江杭州吃得那般纯正。因为只有杭州拥有来自西湖的鱼和水。 Zhejiang cuisine is light and exquisite, and is typical of food from along the lower Yangtze River. One famous dish is West Lake Vinegar Fish, which looks pretty and has the delicate refreshing flavors of nature. Many Chinese restaurants in China, as well as other parts of the world, serve this dish, but often the flavor is less authentic compared to that found in Hangzhou, capital of Zhejiang Province, which has unique access to the fish and water of West Lake.（第二章 P59 第二段） 5. 不管如何解释，工作与生活的平衡总是欧洲人的主要谈资，同时也是智囊团和政策制定者研究和考虑的主题。在美国，人们使用这个说法时总是带着几分针对那些吃蛋奶火腿馅饼的有闲人士才会表现出来的冷嘲热讽的态度。但是，它可能还是会流行起来的。时任《纽约时报》执行主编的比尔?凯勒曾鼓励员工们要给生活增加一些色彩，多陪陪家人或去欣赏艺术。 Whatever the explanation, the idea of a work-life balance is a staple of European discourse, studied