1. 这种植物只有在培育它的土壤中才能很好地成长。
The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed.
2. 研究结果表明，无论我们白天做了什么事情，晚上都会做大约两个小时的梦。Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day.
3. 有些人往往责怪别人没有尽最大努力，以此来为自己的失败辩护。
Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best.
4. 我们忠于我们的承诺：凡是答应做的，我们都会做到。
We remain true to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do, we would do it.
5. 连贝多芬的父亲都不相信自己儿子日后有一天可能成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。爱迪生也同样如此，他的老师觉得他似乎过于迟钝。
Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world. The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull.
6. 当局控告他们威胁国家安全。
They were accused by the authorities of threatening the state security.
Cloze
XIII.
1 ．B 2.A 3.C 4.D 5. B 6.A 7.B 8.A 9. C 10.A
II．D 12.C 13. D 14.A 15. C 16.D 17.B 18.C I9. A 20.D
Unit 2
1. 要是这部喜剧中的人物更幽默些的话，就会吸引更多的观众。
If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous, it would have attracted a larger audience.
2. 她从未对自己的能力失去信心，因此她有可能成为一名成功的演员。
She has never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress.
3. 我从未受过正式培训，我只是边干边学。
I never had formal training, I just learned as I went along.
4. 随着产品进入国际市场，他们的品牌知名度越来越高了。
As their products find their way into the international market, their brand is gaining in popularity.
5. 她可以编造一个故事，说自己被窃贼打昏，所有的钱都没了，但她怀疑自己是否能让这故事听起来可信。
She could make up a story by saying she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all her money was gone, but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable.
6. 谁都不清楚他是否故意推迟了这次访问，可是这引起了对他更多的批评。
No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this brought more criticism of him.
Cloze
XIII.
1 ．C 2. B 3．C 4.B 5．A 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. D 10. C
11 ．D 12. A 13．A 14.C 15．B 16. D 17．A 18．C 19. B 20. A
1. 据报道有七八位官员收受贿赂，市长决定亲自出马调查这件事。
Seven or eight officials are reported to have taken bribes and the mayor has decided to l ook into the affair in person.
2. 这些工人后悔当时接受管理部门的意见重新回去工作。现在他们再次面临失业的危险了。These workers regret yielding to the management's advice and going back to work. Now they are again faced with the threat of losing their jobs.
3. 你只需填写一张表格就可取得会员资格，它可以使你在买东西时享受打折的优惠。
You only need to fill out a form to get your membership, which entitl es you to a discount on goods.
4. 不知为什么他们的汽车在半路坏掉了，结果他们比原计划晚到了三个小时。
Their car broke d own halfway for no reason. As a result they arrived three hours later than they had planned.
5. 那位官员卷入了一场丑闻，数周后被迫辞职。
The official got involved in a scandal and was forced to resign weeks later.
6. 这个靠救济过日子的人开始慢慢地建立起自己的市场，生意日渐兴隆。
The man living on welfare began to buil d up his own market, one step at a time and his business is thriving.
XIII.
1 ．B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5．B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. B
11 ．D 12.A 13.C 14.B 15．D 16.B 17.C 18.A 19:D 20.B
Unit 4
1. 我父母不是对我的教育投资，而是把钱花在了买新住房上。
Rather than invest in my education, my parents spent their money on a new house.
2. 如今，人们用于休闲娱乐的开支是过去的两倍。
Today, peopl e are spending twice as much on entertainment and relaxation as they did in the past.
3. 一家公司要成功，它必须跟上市场的发展。
In order to be successful, a business must keep pace with devel opments in the marketplace. 4. 与申请这个职位的其他女孩相比，她流利的英语是个优势。
Her fluency in English gave her an advantage over other girls for the job.
5. 对于学生而言，没有任何地方比图书馆更好了，在那里所有的图书都任由他们使用。For students, nowhere is better than the library, where all the books are at their disposal.
6. 我们要充分利用好这个平台，加强交流，拓展合作领域，共谋发展大计。
We should make full use of the platform to strengthen communication, expand cooperation in more areas and seek further development through joint efforts.
XIII.
1 ．C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. D
11．A 12.C 13.B 14.D 15.C 16.D 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.C
Unit 5
1. 这位小个子男子并不如他看上去那么单纯。
This little man is not so innocent as he appears.
2. 对这个问题我已束手无策了，所以你不妨去求助于王教授吧。
There's nothing I can do about the problem, so you might as well turn to Professor Wang for help.
3. 双方高度评价了在不同领域合作取得的成果，并希望合作进一步加深。
Both sides speak highly of the fruits in their cooperation in different areas, and hope that the cooperation can be furthered.
4. 一方面，亲民形象能使新政策更易于被民众接受，另一方面，它也能“广直言之路，启进善之门”。
On the one hand, an image of being close to the people can get a new policy more easily accepted. On the other hand, it will "encourage people to speak their minds and come up with constructive suggestions".
5. 他孤独的感觉时起时落，他有时会对自己、对宠物、对电视机唠叨不休。
His sense of loneliness rose and fell and he sometimes would talk at length to himself and his pets and the television.
6. 毕竟，金钱不是万能的，最富有的人不一定是最幸福的。
After all, money is not everything. The richest people are not necessarily the happiest.
Cloze
XIII.
1 ．B 2.D 3.A 4.B 5．C 6.C 7．D 8．D 9. B 10. A
11 ．C 12. B 13．A 14.C 15.D 16.B 17.C 18.A 19.D 20.C
Unit 6
1. 假设你发现了你自己的同事受贿，你会不会无动于衷呢？
Suppose you found out that your colleague takes bribes, would you just ignore it?
2. 他如此固执，我们已对他失望了。跟他争论一点意义都没有。
We've given up on him because he is so stubborn. It is pointless to argue with him.
3. 他突然想到了一个加速实验进程的好办法，但组里的成员却对此意见不一。
He hit upon a good method to speed up the progress of the experiment, but opinions differed among members of the group on it.
4. 今天我能够使自己的职业与兴趣相符，之前我是做不到的。
Today I'm able to square my profession with my interest, which I wasn't able to do before.
5. 要成为一名驾驶员，视觉上分辨红色与绿色的能力是必不可少的。
The ability to visually distinguish between red and green is essential to becoming a driver.
6. 这个组由七个人组成，他们经常见面，分享彼此的信息。
The team consisted of seven people who met on a regular basis to share their information with each other.
Cloze
XIII.
1 ．A 2. D 3．C 4.B 5．B 6. D 7．A 8.C 9.C 10.A
11 ．B 12.D 13.B 14.A 15．C 16.D 17.B 18.C 19.D 20.B
完型填空、阅读理解及中英翻译的考试策略 一、完型填空 考生总认为完型填空较难，其实，纵观每年的考题我们不难发现，似乎上半年的完型填空出的都不是书上的题目，而下半年是从书中某一课摘选出来的。这就要求大家一定要对教材非常熟悉，特别是A课文，一定要做到熟读。当然，我们一定要了解到：完型填空主要考的是词组的搭配(当然与段落前后的含义要相符)，加之时态与语态的变化，真正考上下文连接的意思相对较少，同时注意一些连词、介词的使用，基本上是能够完成的。 二、阅读理解 阅读是大家最头疼的，由于分数占的比重较大，同时在卷面占的页数较多，使大家一眼望去望而生畏。其实，在做阅读的时候，只要我们能够把所问的问题看准，同时找到问题中最关键的词汇，返回到原文中找这个词汇出现的位置，其前后就是答案。大家可以用笔把这些关键词画出来，俗话说，找答案不容易，找词还是比较容易的。在做题过程中，其中可能有词汇的解释题，即用一个词汇或词组来解释原文中的某个词，这种题绝对靠实力，不用到原文去猜了。还有特别要注意的是”NOT TRUE”的概念，肯定有三个题是完
全符合原文意思的，千万别一激动就选A，定下心来回顾整个答案。可以说，阅读理解30分，只要大家能达到20以上，这份卷子通过应该不成问题。 我们来举例说明： People in cities all over the world shop in supermarkets. Who decides what you buy in the supermarkets? Do you decide? Does the supermarket decide? When you enter the supermarket, you see shelves full of food. You walk in the aisles(过道)between the shelves. You push a shopping cart and put your food in it. You probably hear slow music as you walk along the aisles; if you hear fast music, you walk quickly. The supermarket plays slow music. You walk slowly and have more time to buy things. Maybe you go to the meat department first. There is some meat on sale, and you want to find it. The manager of the supermarket knows where customers enter the meat department. The cheaper meat is at the
Until I took Dr Offutt’s class in DeMatha High School,I was an underachieving student, but I left that class (31) never to underachieve again.He not only taught me to think, he convinced me, (32) by example as words that it was my moral (33) to do so and to serve others. (34) of us could know how our relationship would (35) over the years.When I came back to DeMatha to teach English, I worked for Dr Offutt, the department chair.My discussions with him were like graduate seminars in adolesent (36) , classroom management and school leadership. After several years, I was (37) department chair, and our relationship (38) again.I thought that it might be (39) chairing the department,since all of my (40) English teachers were (41) There , but Dr Offutt supported me (42) . He knew when to give me advice (43) curriculum, texts and personnel, and when to let me (44) my own course. In 1997, I need his (45) about leaving DeMatha to become principal at another school.(46) he had asked me to stay at DeMatha,I might have.(47) , he encouraged me to seize the opportunity. Five years ago, I became the principal of DeMatha.(48) , Dr Offutt was there for me, letting me know that I could (49) him.I’ve learned from him that great teachers have an inexhaustible (50) of lessons to teach. 31. A. concerned B. worried C. determined D. decided 32. A. as much B. much as C. as such D. such as 33. A. work B. job C. duty D. obligation 34. A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. Each 35. A. evolve B. stay C. remain D. turn 36. A. process B. procedure C. development D. movement 37. A. called B. named C. asked D. invited 38. A. moved B. altered C. went D. shifted 39. A. awkward B. uneasy C. unnatural D. insensitive 40. A. older B. experienced C. former D. / 41. A. / B. still C. even D. already 42. A. through B. throughout C. at the beginning D. all the way 43. A. for B. at C. over D. about 44. A. chart B. head C. describe D. manage 45. A. opinion B. request C. permission D. order 46. A. Even if B. Although C. If D. When 47. A. Naturally B. Instead C. Consequently D. Still 48. A. Once again B. Repeatedly C. Unusually D. Unexpectedly 49. A. count in B. count down C. count out D. count on 50. A. stock B. bank C. wealth D. store 译文： 在得马萨高中的奥法特博士教我之前，我是个差等生，但是，当我离开他的班级时，我下定决心再也不做差等生了。他不仅教会我思考，还通过言传身教使我坚信，不再成为差等生、为他人服务是我应尽的义务。
2016年全国高考语文课标卷Ⅰ（乙卷） 一、古文 【原文】 曾公亮，字明仲，泉州晋江人。举进士甲科，知会稽县。民田镜湖旁，每患湖溢。公亮立斗门，泄水入曹娥江，民受其利。以端明殿学士知郑州，为政有能声盗悉窜他境至夜户不闭尝有使客亡橐中物移书诘盗公亮报吾境不藏盗殆从者之廋耳索之果然。公亮明练文法，更践久，习知朝廷台阁典宪，首相 ．．，与公亮等共定大议。 ．．韩琦每咨访焉。仁宗末年，琦请建储 密州民田产银，或盗取之，大理当以强。公亮曰：“此禁物也，取之虽强，与盗物民家有间 矣。”固争之，遂下有司 ．．纵人渔界河，又数通盐舟，吏不．．议，比劫禁物法，盗得不死。契丹 敢禁，皆谓：与之校，且生事。公亮言：“萌芽不禁，后将奈何？雄州赵滋勇而有谋，可任也。”使谕以指意，边害讫息。英宗即位，加中书侍郎兼礼部尚书，寻加户部尚书。帝不豫，辽使至不能见，命公亮宴于馆，使者不肯赴。公亮质之曰：“锡宴不赴，是不虔君命也。人主有疾，而必使亲临，处之安乎？”使者即就席。熙宁三年，拜司空兼侍中、河阳三城节度使、集禧观使。明年，起判永兴军。居一岁，还京师。旋以太傅致仕。元丰元年卒，年八十。帝临哭，辍朝三日。公亮方厚庄重，沈深周密，平居谨绳墨，蹈规矩；然性吝啬，殖货至钜万。初荐王安石，及同辅政，知上方向之，阴为子孙计，凡更张庶事，一切听顺，而外若不与之者。尝遣子孝宽参其谋，至上前略无所异，于是帝益信任安石。安石德其助己，故引擢孝宽至枢密以报之。苏轼尝从容责公亮不能救正，世讥其持禄固宠云。 （节选《宋史·列传七十一·曾公亮传》）【译文】 曾公亮字明仲，泉州晋江人。推举为进士甲科，知会稽县。老百姓在镜湖旁种田，常常担心镜湖泛滥。曾公亮设置斗门，将湖水泄入曹娥江，老百姓享受到他的好处。以端明殿学士身份知郑州，治理政事有能干的声名，盗贼全部逃窜到其他州县，以至于夜不闭户。曾经有过客丢失袋中财物，发布文书诘查盗贼，曾公亮上报：“我所辖境没有窝藏盗贼，恐怕是随从人员私藏起来了吧。”对他搜查，果然如此。曾公亮明达详熟公文法令，经历处事久了，熟知朝廷台阁典章宪制，首相韩琦经常向他咨询。仁宗末年，韩琦请求立皇嗣，与曾公亮等共同商定大计。密州民田盛产银子，有人偷取银子，大理寺把他们以强盗论处。曾公亮说：“这是禁物，获得它虽经强行盗取，却与从百姓家中盗取财物有区别了。”坚持争论，于是就交给有关部门讨论，依照劫取禁物的法令，盗贼得以不死。契丹指使人在界河捕鱼，又多次通行盐船，官吏不敢禁止，都说：和他们较量，将要生出事端。曾公亮说：“刚开始不禁止，以后将怎么办呢？雄州赵滋勇敢有计谋，能够胜任。”派人告谕赵滋旨意，边境危害终于止息了。英宗即位，任中书侍郎兼礼部尚书，不久兼任户部尚书。仁宗身体不适，辽国使者到来不能接见，让曾公亮在馆中设宴，使者不愿赴宴。曾公亮质问使者说：“赐宴不赴，这是对君主的不敬。君主有病，却一定要让他亲自接见，觉得安心吗？”使者立刻赴宴。熙宁三年，授职司空兼侍中、河阳三城节度使、集禧观使。第二年，起任判永兴军。过了一年，回到京师，不久就以太傅身份辞官归居。元丰元年，去世，终年八十岁。神宗亲临悼哭，罢朝三天。曾公亮端方厚道严肃稳重，思虑深沉处事周密，平时谨守礼仪，遵守规矩，但天性吝啬，积累财富达巨万。当初推荐王安石，到和他一起辅政，才察知神宗正偏向王安石，暗中替子孙谋划，大凡改变行事计划，一概听从王安石，而表面上装作不赞成的样子。曾派遣他的儿子曾孝宽为其谋划，在皇上面前几乎与王安石没有什么不同，于是神宗更加信任王安石。王安石为了感激他帮助自己，因而引见提拔曾孝宽位至枢密院来报答他。苏轼曾经严肃地责备曾公亮不能救正补弊，世人讥讽曾公亮贪持俸禄稳固恩宠。
第三章：完型填空&翻译 完型填空 做题技巧 （一）Prep Tips for Cloze I．做题步骤： 1、通读全文，了解文章大意；文章两种模式：总分、对比； 2、初选答案（排除法、优选法）； 3、寻找线索； 4、回头补缺； 5、核实答案。 II．出题重点：1．词语的辨析：2．逻辑关系：3．固定结构 1．词语的辨析： 1）同义词；2）反义词；3）形近词； 形近词举例：Test 2 ... or down frightening hillsides to towns __87__ in deep valleys. 87. A)lying B) laying C) laid D) lied 注：说谎：lie lied lied lying 躺：lie lay lain lying 放置，下蛋：lay laid laid laying 2．逻辑关系： 1）列举/种属关系： such…as; especially; in particular; specifically; for example; for instance; likely; 2）因果关系： because (of); due to; owing to; thanks to; since; for; as; for the reason that; seeing that; in that 3）并列/递进： besides; likewise; moreover; also; too; what’s more; apart from; except; furthermore; not noly…but also….; in addition; 4）转折/让步关系： however; but; nevertheless; nonetheless; whereas; still; though; although; anyhow; anyway; in any case; yet; 5）对比关系： by contrast; in contrast; by comparison; like; as…as; on the contrary; conversely; oppositely; ….than….; 逻辑关系举例1：Test 4 Sometimes homework is returned 76 brief written comments but without a grade. 76. A) by B) in C) for D) with
Unit 1 Cloze 1)reliable 2)syndrome 3)adopted 4)got done with 5)gloomy 6)or something 7)chance 8)come through 9)barely 10)in good shape 11)booth 12)mess 13)scrawled 14)peeking 15)in Translation 1)What I didn’t count on was that over time I would sincerely take pride in being a social worker. 2)Shooting a quick look at the clock on the wall, Grandma let out a cry, “Oh, My dear /My goodness/My gracious, we’re going to miss the train!” 3)At the kindergarten entrance, I always see some kids/children holding firmly on to their parents. Should young parents be sterner towards their kids/children and leave immediately under these circumstances? 4)In the dim street light stood a weeping little girl/ a girl weeping. 5)When making donations, rich people should be as considerate as possible in order not to put the recipient in an embarrassing situation. 6)Since last month, my work has been revolving around the routine office duties, so now I am counting the days until the National Day comes, when my friends and I are going hiking in the countryside. Unit 2 Cloze 1)haste 2)state of a ffairs 3)d istinguished 4)m eeting of minds 5)b lossom 6)i nner c harm 7)i ntimacy 8)e motion 9)a cquiring
鲁芝字世英，扶风郿人也。世有名德，为西州豪族。父为郭汜所害，芝襁褓流离，年十七，乃移居雍，耽思坟籍。郡举上计吏，州辟别驾。魏车骑将军郭淮为雍州刺史，深敬重之。举孝廉，除郎中。后拜骑都尉、参军事、行安南太守，迁尚书郎。曹真出督关右，又参大司马军事。真薨，宣帝代焉，乃引芝参骠骑军事，转天水太守。郡邻于蜀，数被侵掠，户口减削，寇盗充斥，芝倾心镇卫，更造城市，数年间旧境悉复。迁广平太守。天水夷夏慕德，老幼赴阙献书，乞留芝。魏明帝许焉。曹爽辅政，引为司马。芝屡有谠言嘉谋，爽弗能纳。及宣帝起兵诛爽，芝率余众犯门斩关，驰出赴爽，劝爽曰：“公居伊周之位，一旦以罪见黜，虽欲牵黄犬，复可得乎! 若挟天子保许昌，杖大威以羽檄征四方兵，孰敢不从!舍此而去，欲就东市，岂不痛哉!”爽懦惑不能用,遂委身受戮,芝坐爽下狱,当死,而口不讼直,志不苟免,宣帝嘉之.赦而不诛.俄而起为并州刺史。诸葛诞以寿春叛，魏帝出征，芝率荆州文武以为先驱。诞平，迁大尚书，掌刑理。武帝践祚，转镇东将军，进爵为侯。帝以芝清忠履正，素无居宅，使军兵为作屋五十间。芝以年及悬车，告老逊位，章表十余上，于是征为光禄大夫，位特进，给吏卒，门施行马。羊祜为车骑将军，乃以位让芝，曰：“光禄大夫鲁芝洁身寡欲，和而不同，服事华发，以礼终始，未蒙此选，臣更越之， word完美整理版
何以塞天下之望!”上不从。其为人所重如是。泰始九年卒，年八十四。帝为举哀，谥曰贞，赐茔田亩。（节选自《晋书·鲁芝传》） word完美整理版
王涣字稚子，广汉人也，父顺，安定太守，涣少好侠，尚气力，数通剽轻少年，晚而改节，敦儒学，习《尚书》，读律令，略举大义，为太守陈宠功曹，当职割断，不避豪右。宠风声大行，入为大司农。和帝问曰：“在郡何以为理？宠顿首谢曰：“臣任功曹王涣以简贤选能，主簿镡显拾遗补阙，臣奉宣诏书而已。”帝大悦，涣由此显名，州举茂才，除温令。县多奸滑，积为人患。涣以方略讨击，悉诛之。境内清夷，商人露宿于道。其有放牛者，辄云以属稚子，终无侵犯。在温三年，迁兖州刺史，绳正部郡，风威大行。后坐考妖言不实论。岁余，征拜侍御史。永元十五年，从驾南巡，还为洛阳令。以平正居身，得宽猛之宜。其冤嫌久讼，历政所不断，法理所难平者，莫不曲尽情诈，压塞群疑。又能以谲数发擿奸伏。京师称叹，以为涣有神算。元兴元年，病卒。百姓市道莫不咨嗟。男女老壮皆相与赋敛，致奠醊以千数。涣丧西归，道经弘农，民庶皆设盘槃于路。吏问其故，威言平常持米到洛，为卒司所抄，恒亡其半。自王君在事，不见侵枉，故来报恩。其政化怀物如此。民思其德，为立祠安阳亭西，每食辄弦歌而荐之。延熹中，桓帝事黄老道，悉毁诸房祀，唯特诏密县存故太傅卓茂庙，洛阳留王涣祠焉。自涣卒后，连诏三公特选洛阳令，皆不称职。永和中，以剧令勃海任峻补之。峻擢用文武吏，皆尽其能，纠剔奸盗，不得旋踵，一岁断狱，不过数十。威风猛于涣，而文理不及之。峻字叔高，终于太山太守。”（节选自《后汉书?王涣传》） word完美整理版
新视野大学英语第四册第七单元完型填空翻译 Many Native Americans closely resemble Asians. This has led most scientists to exceedingly believe something about Native Americans. T hey think that most Native Americans from distant group of people. Th ese people migrated from Siberia across the Bering Strait, between 17, 000-11,000 years ago. The exact time and route is still under questio n. That is, it is still a(n) is whether it happened . Until recently, some anthropologists argued that the migration occurred 12,000 years ago. However, there are a number of difficulties with this theory—particular, the presence of people in the Americans earlier than one might think. There is growing evidence of human in brazil and Chile 1 1,500 years ago or earlier. There is also evidence of humans living i n the Americas some 50,000 years ago. Therefore, other possibilities have been suggested. They may have the land bridge several thousand years earlier or t hey may have sailed along the western coast. However, some . They thi nk that humans skills for sailing during that era. Some consider the genetic and cultural evidence for an Asian orig in overwhelming. It should be noted, however, that some other people are very upset at this idea. Many present-day Native Americans say th
2017全国二卷文言文详解与翻译 赵憙字伯阳，南阳宛人也。少有节操【指人的气节、操行、正义感】。（赵憙字伯阳，是南阳宛县人。年轻时有节操。）从兄为人所杀，无子，憙年十五，常思报之。（堂兄被人杀害，没有儿子，赵憙十五岁，时常想着报仇。）乃挟兵结客【带着兵器，约上朋友】，后遂往复仇。而仇家皆疾病，无相距【通“拒”，抵御，抵抗】者。（于是带着兵器约好朋友，后来终于前去寻仇。仇人们全部生了病，没有人抵抗。）憙以因【趁着】疾报杀，非仁者【指有德行的人】心，且释之而去【离开】。顾谓【回头看着说。顾：1、<动>回头；回头看。《荆轲刺秦 王》：“荆轲顾笑武阳。”2、<动>视；看。《行路难》：“拔剑四顾心茫然。”3、<动>看望；拜访。《出师表》：“先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中。”4、<副>只是；不过。《荆轲刺秦王》：“吾每念，常痛于骨髓，顾计不知所出耳。”5、<副>但；却；反而。《廉颇蔺相如列传》：“顾吾念之，强秦之所 不敢加兵于赵者。”】仇曰：“尔曹【你们。曹，辈】若健，远相避也。”（赵憙认为乘别人生病报仇杀人，不是仁爱的人所应做的，就暂且放过他们而离开了，回头对仇人说：“你们如果病好了，躲我远远的。”） 更始【指公元23年二月，绿林军领导者王匡、王凤等人拥立刘玄为帝，恢复汉朝国号，建立的更始政权，自称玄汉王朝。消灭王莽政权后统治天下两年。公元25年九月，赤眉军攻入都城长安，投降赤眉，更始政权告终】即位舞阴大姓【指世家大族，人口众多的姓氏或某一地域人数众多、势力强大的姓氏】李氏拥城不下【占据城池不肯投降】更始遣柱天将军李宝降【使动用法，使……投降。可译为“劝降”】之不肯云闻宛之赵氏有孤孙憙信义著名愿得降之更始乃征憙。（更始帝登位，舞阴大姓李氏占据县城不肯投降，更始帝派柱天将军李宝招降，不肯，说：“听说宛县赵氏有个独孙子
2013年高考英语安徽卷完型填空翻译与精析 2013年高考英语安徽卷完型填空原题： 2013年高考英语安徽卷完型填空翻译： 如果你想学习一门新语言，你首先要做的事就是要问一下为什么。你学它有什么诸如求职或求学之类的现实需要吗？也或许你对另一个国家的文学，电影或者音乐感兴趣，你知道掌握这门语言对你这些兴趣该有多大的帮助。 大多数人使用各种不同的方法学得很好，但对许多人来说，传统的课堂是理想的开端。传统的课堂可以提供一种环境：你可以在一个精通该语言的人的指导下不断练习。我们的生活都很忙碌，但学习外语需要时间。如果能规律地学习外语，成功的机会更大些，所以要努力养成习惯。如果你还没有取得什么进展也没有关系。要学到流利的程度需要数年的时间，但只要求说得过去，需要的时间则少得多。 许多人开始学习外语，但很快就放弃了。他们会说”我年龄大了”。是的，孩子学语言确实比成年人效率高，但是研究显示你可以在任何一个年龄段学习一门语言。而且学习对大脑的健康也是有利的。我还听人们说他们担心学习时犯的错误。我觉得吧，要放松心态，自嘲自己的错误，这样你再次犯错的可能性就会大大降低。 学习一门新语言确实不易。但只要努力付出，你会取得进步的。当你用用他们的语言说上儿句，这些外国人的积极反应就会让你惊喜的。祝好运！ 2013年高考英语安徽卷完型填空答案精析： 36.A. technical B. political C. practical D. physical 解析：C 由接下来的“such as your job or your studies”可知此处是问你学一门外语是因为某种现实的需要（诸如求职或求学）吗？ practical“现实的”，符合语境。
2012年高考英语全国卷1完形填空翻译和精析2012年高考英语全国卷1完形填空为读者解释了肢体语言的重要性。这个经常被人们忽视却占据了人们表意的50%的强大语言会在不同文化之间交流时，给人们带来极大的帮助。提醒读者，在生活中要善于利用肢体语言，善于发现肢体语言的作用。 Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 36 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 37 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal（非语言）communication takes up about 50% of what we really 38 . And body language is particularly 39 when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so 40 a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 41 , different societies treat the 42 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 43 contact(接触)even with friends, and certainly not with 44 . People from Latin American countries 45 touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in 46 , it may look like a Latino is 47 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 48 . The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 49 - which the Latino will in return regard as 50 . Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 51 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from 52 cultures, there's a strong possibility of 53 . But whatever the situation, the best 54 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 55 . 2012年高考英语全国卷1完形填空翻译： 肢体语言是安静的，秘密的，也是所有语言中最强大的。它远远胜过说出的语言。专家指出，我们的身体发出的信息比我们所了解的更多。事实上，非语言交流占据了我们真正意思的50%。当我们试图跨文化交流时，肢体语言尤为重要。确实，所谓的肢体语言是我们如此大的一部分，而事实上它却经常被忽视。误解也就由此而来。例如，不同的社会对待人与人之间的距离就截然不同。北欧人通常不喜欢身体接触，即便是朋友，所以更不可能跟陌生人。另一方面，拉丁美洲的人身体接触却比较多。因此，在谈话中有可能时一个拉丁人跟着一个挪威人在房间里走动。为了表达友好的拉丁人会一直靠近。而挪威人有可能觉得这种行为非常粗鲁，所以他会一直后退，保持距离—拉丁人会认为这是一种冷漠。 诚然，当人们在交谈时很多事情都在发生。但是，只有很少一部分在语言本身当中。当交谈双方来自不同文化时，误解是极有可能发生的。但是，不管是什么样的情形，最好的建议是遵守这个黄金法则：像你希望被对待的那样对待别人。
第二版新视野大学英语读写教程3_完形填空 Although they may not be the world’s fastest or strongest athletes, the 1830 competitions in the 2005 Special Olympics World Winter Games held in Nagano, Japan competed（奋斗）with all their hearts. At the closing ceremony（典礼）Princess Takamado of Japan made a speech .She said, ’The past week was all about smiles, gentleness and peace. I truly hope within my heart that the entire world can learn something here. We can all learn from the example（例子）s these special athletes have shown us.’ The aim of the Special Olympics is clear. It is to encourage individuals with intellectual disabilities （缺陷）to become physically fit. They are also encouraged to be productive and respected members of society through sports training and competition. If an athlete wins in competition, it is a bonus. However , in a way （在某种程度上）everyone wins. Lily Kuhn ,12, a skier with Team USA , could hardly restrain her enthusiasm as the wrote home. She told her parents: I was proud of myself. I am happy not simply for winning, but for winning honestly, loving to compete and working the hardest The festival ending the games is something to remember. It isn’t complete （完整的）without the hugs. One event volunteer while hugging and handing out sweatshirts to some of the athletes held up his thumbs and said, ”All of these athletes are super! I can’t go anywhere a round here without getting a hug. I pray（祈祷）for more of this sort of thing. I hope that the spirit with which（与之）they have competed might touch the whole world. Watching these young people blossom over the past week has truly touched my life. ”
2018年高考全国卷文言文翻译 《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲（课程标准实验版）》（修订版）对文言文阅读翻译考点的考查要求是：理解并翻译文中的句子。能力理解B级。 所谓“理解”，是正确领会文章的内容，正确理解文意和句意；所谓“翻译”，是说能用现代汉语把文言文的内容准确传达出来；所谓“文中”，是说试卷所给你的“那篇文章当中”，要求翻译的句子就从中产生，文中所有的语言现象都在“理解”之列。正确理解并翻译文中的句子，是用现代汉语的词汇和语法来准确翻译所提供的文言语句，做到文通字顺，简明规范，畅达流利，文句优美。 一、理解文中的句子。对文言文句子的理解是翻译文言文语句的第一步，理解文言语句必须遵循古文的一般规律并把握其特殊性。对句意的理解要注意以下几点：（1）要在全文中理解句子。无论何种句子，都不能脱离全文或文段去理解，要注意作者的基本观点和感情倾向。要做到“字不离词，词不离句，句不离篇”。比如：对“襄阳土俗,邻居种桑树于界上为志（《南齐书?韩孙伯传》）”的翻译，就要注意这是在介绍韩孙伯所处的社会环境，所以翻译成“按襄阳当地的风俗，邻里之间要在各自的分界处种上桑树作为分界的标志”。（2）要注意省略句、倒装句、词类活用、通假字、互文见义和偏义复词的理解，对这些现象的理解把握，往往是翻译文言语句的关键。比如：“冉氏尝居也，故姓是溪为冉溪。”（语出《愚溪诗序》）此句中“居”后省略了宾语“于此”或“于是溪”，“姓”是名词作动词“给……取姓”
的意思。那么此句就可翻译成：姓冉的人家曾经在这条小溪居住，所以就给小溪取此姓，叫做冉溪了。（3）对句子中难懂的地方，不能采取忽略或笼统翻译的办法去逃避，而应该通过前后推导，或选项推敲分析等方法，进行认真理解。如：“君子疾夫舍曰欲之而必为之辞。”（语出《论语?季氏将伐颛臾》）这是孔子教育子路、冉有的话，文中难懂之处是“疾”“舍”“为之辞”几处，既是教训之语，那么“疾”就不可能是“生病”之意，当是“厌恶”之意；“而”有表示并列和表示转折关系两种理解，依据意味推敲，自然当作转折关系理解更好，那么“舍曰欲之”与“为之辞”就在语意上相反了，以此推断“舍”是“停止”之意，“辞”是“托词”“借口”之意。整句意思就可翻译成：品格高尚的人厌恶那些不说自己想做什么事却去找借口推脱责任的人。（4）利用文言排比句、对偶句、并列结构，把握句意。也就是说，在理解文言句子时，要充分利用对应词语的用法和意义去把握文句意思。如：“源不深而望流之远，根不固而求木之长。”（语出《谏太宗十思疏》）这是一个对偶句，前后两句对应词语的词性担当的句子成分完全相同，甚至有些对应词语的意思根本一样，如“望”“求”，都应该是想、希望之意。所以整句可以翻译成：源流不深却希望水流到很远的地方，根生得不牢固却想要树木长得高而茂盛。（5）对复杂的不好理解的句子，最好做成分分析，先抓主干，再看枝叶；或抓住关键词语，分析句间关系。如：“古人之观于天地、山川、草木、虫鱼、鸟兽,往往有得。”分析主干，“古人……鸟兽”是主语，“之”取消句子独立性，主语中“古人”与“观于……鸟兽”是一种主谓关系。
完型填空翻译When I was in primary school, I had a big argument with a boy in my class. l can't remember what it was about, but I have never forgotten the lesson I learned that day. I was sure that I was right and he was wrong. However, he strongly believed that I was wrong and he was right. The teacher decided to teach us a lesson. She came up with a good idea. She brought both of us to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her grey desk and me on the other, In the middle of the desk was a large, round object. It was clear for me to see that it was black. She asked the boy what color the object was. "White," he answered in a loud voice. I couldn't believe that the object was whites considering that it was certainly black! One more argument started between the boy and me, this time about the color of the object. The teacher told me to go stand where the key was standing and told him to come stand where I had been. We changed places , and then she asked me what the color of the objec t was. I had to answer, "White. " It was then that I knew what was wrong. It was an object with two differently colored sides, and from .his side it was white. only from my side was it black. My teacher taught 'me a very important 1.esson that day: Y ou must " stand in other person's position (位置) and look at the situation through their eyes in order to truly understand their ideas. 当我读小学的时候，我和班里的一个男生吵了一架，我不记得是为了什么吵架，但是我永远不会忘记那天我学到的教训。 我确定我是对的而他是错的。但是他坚信我是错的他是对的。老师决定给我们上一课。她提出了一个好主意。她把我们带到了班级前，让那个男生站在桌子的一边，我站在另一边，在桌子中间是一个巨大的圆形物体。我很清楚的看到它是黑色的。老师问那个男生这个东西是什么颜色的。“白色。”他大声回答道。 我不能相信这个东西居然是白色的，它必然是黑色的。我和那个男生又吵了起来，这次是为了这个东西的颜色。 老师让我站到男生站的地方，让男生站到我站的地方，我们交换了位置，然后她问我这个东西是什么颜色的。我不得不说：“白色。”我意识到什么地方出了错。这个东西两面颜色不一样，从他那边看是白色，从我那边看是黑色的。 那天我的老师给我上了非常重要的一课：要真正理解他人的观点，必须站在他人的位置用他人的眼光来看待事物。 One afternoon, I went to pick up my mother from work.I got there a little early, so I stopped my car by a small park, and waited for her.As I looked outside the car window, I saw a little boy, around two years old, running freely on the grass as his mother wtched from a short distance. The boy had a big smile on his face as if he had just been set free from some sort of prison .The boy would then fall to the grass , get up , without looking back at his mother , run as fast as he could ,again , still with a smile on his face ,as if nothing had happened .At that moment, I thought to myself , “why aren’t most adults this way ?” Most adults, when they fall down, make a big deal out of it and don’t even make a second attempt. They would be so embarrassed that they would not try again if someone saw them fall .Or , because they fall , they would find a good excuse for themselves that they’re not fit for it . They would end up too afraid to attempt again for fear of failure.However, with kids, when they fall