Nine principles
I.Money & Economy
l. 浪费、节约
wasteful ['weɪstfəl] adj. 浪费的throw money into thin air浪费钱
squander ['skwɔndə] v.浪费lavish ['læviʃ] v.浪费
save v. 节约、节省economize [ɪ'kɔnə,maɪz] vi.节省、减少开支(by doing sth.) thrift [θrift] n. 节约frugal ['fru:gəl] adj. 节省的, 节俭的
money-saving adj.省钱的cost-effective adj. 有成本效益的, 划算的
2. 奢侈、富有
costly [ˈkɔstli]adj. 昂贵的money-wasting adj.浪费钱的
luxury [ˈlʌkʃəri]n.奢侈品luxurious [lʌɡ'zjuəriəs] adj.豪华的，奢侈的profitable[ˈprɔfitəbl]adj赚钱的make profits 赚钱
precious ['preʃəs] adj宝贵的、贵重的valuable ['væljuəbl] adj贵重的、有价值的wealthy ['welθi]adj. 富的the rich-poor gap 贫富差距(widen vt. 扩大shorten vt. 缩小)
3. 贫穷、发展
destitute ['destitju:t] adj赤贫的miserable ['mizərəbl] adj. 悲惨的, 不幸的economic difficulty 经济困难great depression [di'preʃən] 经济大萧条
crisis ['kraisis] n. 危机economic downturn 经济下滑
under the poverty line 在贫困线下needy ['ni:di] adj贫困的、有需要的boost [bu:st] vt. 增加,促进development [di’veləpmənt] n. 发展maintain [mein'tein] vt. 维持stability [stə'biliti] n. 稳定
4. 缺乏，不足
lack/be wanting in v. 缺乏run out of sth. v. 用完某物
shortage [‘ʃɔ:tidʒ] n.不足、缺乏resource [ri'sɔ:s] n. 资源
inadequate [ɪn'ædɪkwɪt] adj. 不足的inadequacy [ɪn'ædɪkwɪt] n. 不足
supply and demand 供求关系be in short supply 供不应求
5. 资金、财产
asset ['æset] n. (个人或公司的)资产 a tight budget ['bʌdʒit] 资金/预算紧张
invest [in'vest] （in）v.投资(make) investment [in'vestmənt] n. 投资
allocate ['æləkeit] vt. 分配(allocation n. ) pension ['penʃən] n. 退休金, 养老金financial aid 经济资助public funds 公共资金
economic burden经济负担taxpayer n.纳税人
government revenue [‘revənju:] 政府税收hard-earned money 血汗钱
foreign currency [ˈkʌrənsi]外汇economic strength [streŋθ] 经济实力personal interests 个人利益collective [kə'lektiv] interests 集体利益
6. 消费、开支
consume [kən’sju:m] vt.消耗，消费consumer goods消费品
consumption [kən'sʌmpʃən] n.消费expense [iks’pens] n.费用
life necessities [ni'sesitis] n.生活必需品make ends meet v. 勉强度日
facility [fəˈsɪlɪti] n. 设施（多用复数）infrastructure [ˈinfrəˌstrʌktʃə] n. 基础设施
7. 贫民、下岗工人
beggar ['begə] n.乞丐eligible[ˈelidʒəbl] children 适龄儿童
laid-off worker下岗工人slum [slʌm] n. 贫民窟
homeless ['həʊmlis] adj.无家的、无家可归的jobless ['dʒɔblis] adj失业的
lead/live/have a miserable ['mizərəbl] life 过着悲惨的生活
8.困境、福利、社会保障
charity [ˈtʃæriti]n. 慈善shelter ['ʃeltə] n.栖身之所
nursing house ['nə:siŋ] 敬老院healthcare [helθkɛə] n. 医疗保健
reduce [ri’dju:s] vt. 减少remove [ri’mu:v] vt. 消除
improve vt. 改善social security system社会保障
fund/sponsor vt. 资助subsidize ['sʌbsidaiz] v. 资助(subsidy ['sʌbsidi] n.) plight [plait] n. 困境; 悲惨遭遇famine ['fæmin] n. 饥荒
hunger ['hʌŋgə] n. 饥饿starvation [stɑ:'veiʃən] n. 饥饿
illiteracy [i'litərəsi] n.文盲welfare ['welfɛə] n. 福利、安宁employment rate 就业率unemployment [ˌʌnimˈplɔimənt] rate 失业率
II.Time & Efficiency
1. 时间运用
squeeze [skwi:z] time v.挤时间tight schedule [ˈskɛdʒul, -uəl, ] n.排得紧紧的时间表kill time v.浪费/消磨时间time-consuming adj. 消耗时间的
occupy/take up v. 占用relaxation [ˌrilækˈseʃən] n. 消遣, 放松entertainment [,entə'teinmənt] n.娱乐recreation [,rekri'eiʃn] n. 娱乐; 消遣
2. 吸引、诱人
tempt [tempt] v. 引诱、怂恿tempting adj. 诱惑人的
resist [ri’zist] the temptation [tɛmpˈteʃən]v. 抵挡住诱惑
attract one’s attention to sth./ focus one’s attention on sth. 把注意力集中在某事上
distract [dis'trækt] one’s attention from sth 把注意力从某事转移开
distracting [dis'træktiŋ] adj. 分心的distraction [dɪ'strækʃən] n. 令人分心的事物
3. 上瘾、沉迷
addictive [ə'diktiv] adj. 上瘾的addiction [əˈdɪkʃən]n. 上瘾
be addicted to上瘾addict [‘ædikt]n. 上瘾者
be obsessed with v.沉迷于（obsession n.）fall victim to v. 成为…的牺牲品
4. 自控、节制
self-control n.自控self-discipline [ˈself ˈdɪsəplɪn] n.自律
