(精心整理)英语修辞例子

常见的英语修辞 修辞⼿法(figure of speech)修辞⼿法是通过修饰、调整语句，运⽤特定的表达形式以提⾼语⾔表达作⽤的⽅式和⽅法。

修辞不仅仅在中⽂⾥很常见，在英⽂⾥也是多种多样。

这篇⽂章⾥，我们就来谈⼀谈英⽂中常见的修辞⼿法。

常见的英语修辞 1.simile明喻 A simile is a figure of speech in which two fundamentally unlike things are explicitly compared, usually in a phrase introduced by like or as. 明喻是常⽤as或like等词将两种不同事物通过⽐较⽽连接起来的⼀种修辞⼿法。

让我们看⼏个例⼦： Good coffee is like friendship: rich and warm and strong. 好的咖啡如同友谊，丰厚，温暖，热烈。

Life is rather like opening a tin of sardines. We're all of us looking for the key. ⼈⽣就像⼀罐沙丁鱼，我们⼤家都在找开启的起⼦。

He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen from him to crow. 他这⼈就像⼀只骄傲的公鸡，以为太阳升起是为了它的啼叫。

2.metaphor暗喻 A metaphor is a trope or figure of speech in which an implied comparison is made between two unlike things that actually have something in common. 暗喻是将两种有共同点的不同事物进⾏隐晦⽐较的修辞⼿法。

明喻与暗喻的不同点就在于是否有出现like或者as(像)这⼀类⽐喻词，下⾯这⼏个句⼦都是暗喻： Humor is the shock absorber of life; it helps us take action. 幽默是⽣活的减震器,它可以⿎舞⼈们付诸于⾏动。

英语修辞手法英语中的修辞与汉语的修辞相比,分类细,种类多.下面将英语的修辞简单介绍如下:Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物或现象作对比。

这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词he had just walked out of a fairy tale.Metaphor隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻, 不是通过比喻词进行，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。

而是直接将甲事物当作乙事物来描写即将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成。

1. German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets.德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。

2. The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容1. The kettle boils. 水开了。

2. The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着。

II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说。

III.以作者代替作品a complete Shakespeare莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念I had the muscle, and they made money out of it.我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.Synecdoche 提喻又称举隅法，主要特点是用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.或以抽象代具体，或以具体代抽象。

men.句中的“the flesh and blood”喻为（巨大的牺牲）2.“tongue”代替抽象的—岁的黑姑娘。

这里的“many eyes”代替了4. There are about 100 (部分代整体)他的厂里约有100名工人。

☛Metaphor — SimileMetaphor和simile都属于比喻，metaphor更像是隐喻和暗喻，Metaphor一般句式为xx (be 动词) xx，不会用到like和as之类的明喻小词，而simile会用上，simile是明喻，simile构造了一个direct comparison。

➸举例：Metaphor:"Life is a journey. Enjoy the Ride."—Nissan"The moon was a ghostly galleon tossed upon cloudy seas."— Alfred Noyes, "The Highway man"Simile:"She dealt with moral problems as a cleaver deals with meat."—James Joyce, "The Boarding House""You know life, life is rather like opening a tin of sardines. We're all of us looking for the key."—Alan Bennett,Beyond the Fringe, 1960☛Metaphor — MetonymyMetaphor侧重“相似性”，Metonymy侧重“相关性”。

Metonymy是用借体代本体，借代的借体是客观实际中的事物，与本体有关联，它们中间没有比喻关系，重点在指称，Metonymy 是代而不喻。

Metaphor是用喻体(the vehicle)代本体(the tenor)，构成比喻的基础是本体和喻体的相似性，重点在"喻”。

简单来说，metaphor就是make comparisons，而metonym是make associations or substitutions。

精心整理高考复习（精品）：英语修辞和英语修辞学例子修辞格（FiguresofSpeech）英语修辞学分为广义修辞学（BroadStylisticContext）和狭义修辞学。

广义修辞学涉及语体和体裁（StyleandTypeofWriting）等问题。

狭义修辞学（NarrowStylisticContext）主要涉及各种修辞手法，即修辞格（StylisticDevices,RhetoricalDevicesorFiguresofSpeech）的问题。

英语常用修辞格分为词义上的修辞格（（SyntacticStylisticDevices（红色为10级讲过Simile一词源于拉丁语Similis，意为like借助比喻词（如like，as的运用（一）Simile的构成Simile通常由三部分构成：本体（（comparativeword）。

如：Myloveislikearedredrose.①②).[Simile]John和hisfather同类，例②是明喻，因为本体和喻体不同类。

（二）1.like+likeEg.Heworkslikeanox.(实意动词+like)2.as型：①as……as②as……soEg.Asthelionisthekingofbeasts,soistheeaglekingofbirds.鹰为百鸟之王，犹如狮是百兽之王。

3.虚拟句型：①asif②asthoughEg.HewasabeautifulhorsethatlookedasthoughhehadcomeoutofapaintingbyVelasquez.这匹马真骏，看起来仿佛是从一幅维拉斯奎茨的油画里跑出来的一样。

4.what型：①AistoBwhatXistoY②whatXisY,AistoB③whatAcallsB,XcallsYEg.Readingistothemindwhatexerciseistothebody.阅读之于思想，如同锻炼之于身体。

Lesson one1 We can batten down and ride it out.—metaphor2. Wind and rain now wiped the house. ----metaphor(暗喻)3 Everybody out the back door to the cars!--elliptical sentence (省略句)4. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ----simile (明喻)5. But the cars wouldn’t start; the electrical systems had been killed by water. personification(拟人)6. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. -----simile7. …it seized a 600,00 gallon Gulfport oil tan k and dumped it 3.5 miles away. ----personification(拟人)8 Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.-simile9 Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantagepoint--transferred epithet10. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished. 明喻11. Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads----metaphor; simile12. …the Salvation Army’s canteen trucks and Red Cross volunteers and staffers were going wherever possible to distribute hot drinks, food, clothing and bedding.Lesson two Marrakech1 The little crowd of mourners -- all men and boys, no women--threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, walling a short chant over and over again. (Elliptical sentence省略句)2 提喻or are they merely a kind of undifferentiated brown stuff, about as individual as bees or coral insects?3 押头韵They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard (Para 3)4间接请求I could eat some of that bread.5夸张移就暗喻A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.（Transferred epithet移就Metaphor暗喻）6移就暗喻Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews. (Transferred epithet 移就）7 类比in just the same way, a couple of hundred years ago, poor old women used to be burned for witchcraft when they could not even work enough magic to get themselves a square meal.7 提喻still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.8 明喻long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls.9 暗喻she accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden.10 拟声词Onomatopoeia as the strokes flew northward the Negroes were marching southward -a long, dusty column, infantry, screw- gun batteries, and then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.11 明喻their feet squashed into boots that looks like blocks of wood…Simile12 省略句Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive13 明喻And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scrapes of paper.Lesson threeMetaphor(暗喻)1 the conversation had swung from Australian convicts of the 19th century to the english peasants of the 12th century.2 the conversation was on wings.3.And no one has any idea where it will go as it meander or leaps and sparkles or just glows .——mixed metaphor4The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks,or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.——metaphor【1.on the rock 为英语习语，这里引用了隐喻的修辞手法，把婚姻比喻成触礁的船只】【2.to get out of the bed on the wrong side 也是英语习语。

英语修辞手法及例句常见的英语修辞手法有Simile 明喻、Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻、Synecdoche 提喻、Personification拟人、Hyperbole 夸张、Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法等。

1、Simile 明喻It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common.(明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比，这种共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性)常见标志词有：like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as 等。

eg.This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.(大家都看得出来，这头大象就像一条蛇)2、Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated.(隐喻是简缩了的明喻，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成)eg.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.(希望是顿美好的早餐，但却是一顿糟糕的晚餐。

)3 、Synecdoche 提喻It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the whole for the part. (提喻用部分代替全体，或用全体代替部分，或特殊代替一般)eg.The fox goes very well with your cap. （这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配。

英语中转喻和提喻的例子转喻(metaphor) 是一种修辞手法，通过将一个事物或概念与另一个事物或概念进行比较来形成隐喻意义。

提喻(metonymy) 是一种修辞手法，通过用一个相关的但不直接相关的词或术语来表示另一个人、地方或事物。

以下是一些转喻和提喻的例子：转喻(Metaphor) 例子：1. "Life is a journey."生活是一段旅程。

2. "Time is money."时间就是金钱。

3. "He is a shining star."他就像一颗闪亮的星星。

4. "Her laughter is music to my ears."她的笑声对我来说就是音乐。

5. "The city is a jungle."这座城市就像一个丛林。

提喻(Metonymy) 例子：1. "The pen is mightier than the sword."笔比剑更有力量。

这里的"笔" 代表写作和文字的能力，而"剑" 代表暴力和战争。

2. "The White House issued a statement."白宫发布了一份声明。

这里的"白宫" 代表美国政府。

3. "I need to find a new pair of wheels."我需要找一辆新车。

这里的"轮子" 代表车辆。

4. "The crown announced new regulations."王室宣布了新规定。

这里的"王冠" 代表皇室。

5. "I'm addicted to the silver screen."我对银幕上的电影上瘾了。

英语中的修辞手法1.明喻(Simile)明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体的关系，两者都在对比中出现，其基本格式是“A像B”，常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though等。

例如：●He jumped back as if he had been stung, and the blood rushedsintoshis wrinkled face.●The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. (支票跌落到地上，像一只断了翅膀的小鸟。

)●Like climbing a mountain, we struggle up three feet and fall back two.（正如爬山，我们费力爬上三英尺，又掉下去两英尺。

）I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery blodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.(丘吉尔在此使用了一个恰当的比喻，把德国士兵比作蝗虫，因为二者有着共同之处-传播毁灭。

)2.暗喻(Metaphor)暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。

它直接把一种事物名称用在另一事物上，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言的表现力。

例如：●What will parents do without the electronic baby-sitter? (如果没有这位电子保姆，父母该怎么办呢？)形象地说明了电视机的保姆功用。

●... while most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.(……但是我们中的很多人太容易给别人批评的冷风，而不愿意给自己的同伴赞扬的阳光。

1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人.2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿.3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。

一、Figure of Emphasis强调修辞1.Repetition 重复1.1. Immediate Repetition连续重复Scrooge went to bed again, and thought, and thought, and thought it over and over, and could make nothing of it.1.2. Intermittent repetition间隔重复When Della had finished crying, she went to the window and looked out sadly at a grey cat walking along a grey fence in a grey backyard.1.2.1.Anaphora 首语重复Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.1.2.2.Epiphora 尾语重复… and that government of the people, by the people, and for the people.1.2.3.Simploce/ Epidiplosis首尾重复( a combination of anaphora and epiphora)Broadly speaking, human beings may be divided into three classes: those who are toiled to death, those who are worried to death, and those who are bored to death1.2.4.Anadiplosis 联珠/顶真/尾首反复运用顶真修辞手法，不但能使句子结构整齐，语气贯通，而且能突出事物之间环环相扣的有机联系。

英语中的修辞手法Figures of speechSimile(明喻)句型（1）.like型Eg: Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.生活没有目标犹如航行没有指南针They will never be able to save money to buy a new house——they both spend money like water.★as 型英语里有不少含有明喻的成语，其结构为as+形容词+as+名词（第一个as可省略）。

例如：(as) firm as a rock 坚如磐石(as) light as a feather 轻如鸿毛(as) close as an oyster 守口如瓶(as) strong as a horse 强壮如牛(as) cool as a cucumber 泰然自若★虚拟句型最常见的是as if/though，另外还有其他一些形式。

He woke them both up getting to bed, but when they tried to wake him up afterwards they might as well have tried to wake the dead.他去睡觉的时候把他们两个都弄醒了，但是后来他们想唤醒他时，简直就像唤死人一样。

★what型A. A is to B what X is to YEg: Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.阅读之于思想，如同锻炼之于身体。

Judicious praise is to children what the sun is to flowers.明智的表扬对于孩子的作用，就像阳光对于花朵的作用。

B What X is to Y, A is to B.Eg: What salt is to food, that wit and humour are to conversation and literature.妙语与幽默对于会话与文学，恰似盐对于食物一样。

45种英语修辞（最全）（1）alliteration（押头韵）：一组单词的第一个辅音相同.When the things happen that you do not like,you have two choices:You get bitter or better（2）metaphor（隐喻）：利用某些单词进行含蓄的比喻，此时这些单词已经不再是字面上的意思了，Strawberries flooded the market and prices dropped down.(草莓充斥市场，价格下跌)。

（3）anadiplosis（联珠）：将一个或一组单词重复多遍，Men in great place are thrice servants:servants of state,servants of fame,and servants of business.（4）anaphora（首语重复）：将一个句子的开头单词或短语，在随后的句子中重复多遍.We shall fight on the seas and oceans,we shall fight on the beaches,we shall fight on the landing grounds,we shall fight in the fields and in the streets,we shall fight in the hills.（5）anastrophe（词序倒装）:改变正常词序，比如例句中最后一部分，正常词序是yet a breeze never blew up。

The helmsman steered,the ship moved on,yet never a breeze up blew.（6）antistrophe（逆反复）：在每个句子的结尾，重复相同的单词或短语，比如例句中的without warning。

In1931,Japan invaded Manchuria,without warning.In1935,Italy invaded Ethiopia,without warning.In1938,Hitler occupied Austria,without warning.（7）antithesis（对偶）：两个或多个句子，结构相同，但含义相反，或者含义形成对比，比如例句中的is no vice与is no virtue。

英语修辞手法英语中的修辞与汉语的修辞相比,分类细,种类多.下面将英语的修辞简单介绍如下:1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.例如:1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.例如:1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容,例如:1>.The kettle boils. 水开了.2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.III.以作者代替作品,例如:a complete Shakespeare莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.例如:1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)他的厂里约有100名工人.2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)他是本世纪的牛顿.3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。

英语修辞手法Rhetorical Devices1. 比喻 (metaphor)比喻就是打比方。

可分为明喻和暗喻:明喻 (simile):A figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared.明喻:一种修辞手法，把两种基本不相像的东西进行比较.用like, as, as...as, as if(though) 或用其他词语指出两个不同事物的相似之处。

O my love's like a red, red rose. 我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。

The man can't be trusted. He is as slippery as an eel. 那个人不可信赖。

他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。

He jumped as if he had been stung.他像被蜇了似的跳了起来。

Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream. 童年就像一场疾逝的梦。

暗喻 (metaphor): 缩写 met.， metaph.A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used todesignate another, thus making an implicit comparison.用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。

例如:He has a heart of stone. 他有一颗铁石心肠。

The world is a stage. 世界是一个大舞台。

“A sea of troubles”“忧愁之海”“All the world's a stage”(Shakespeare)“整个世界一台戏”(莎士比亚) 隐喻(the metaphor)它是根据两个事物间的某些共同的特征，用一事物去暗示另一事物的比喻方式。

英语中常见的修辞手法1明喻（Simile） simile －简明英汉词典［’sɪməli:］n。

(使用like或as等词语的）明喻明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比,表明本体和喻体的关系,两者都在对比中出现，其基本格式是“A像B”，常用的比喻词有as, like，as if，as though等。

如果使用得当可以把深奥的道理说得通俗、浅显、明白，使人可见可感可悟,把简单的事物表达的更为形象更为生动。

例如:Like climbing a mountain，we struggle up three feet and fall back two。

（正如爬山，我们费力爬上三英尺，又掉下去两英尺。

)（大学英语第一册第三单元课文B)I see also the dull，drilled，docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery blodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.(丘吉尔在此使用了一个恰当的比喻，把德国士兵比作蝗虫,因为二者有着共同之处—传播毁灭.）2暗喻（the metaphor) metaphor －简明英汉词典［’metəfə］n。

隐喻暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile）。

它是根据两个事物间的某些共同的特征，用一事物去暗示另一事物的比喻方式.本体和喻体之间不用比喻词，只是在暗中打比方，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言的表现力.例如：I will do anything I can to help him through life's dangerous sea.（我将全力帮助他穿越人生的惊涛骇浪。

）（第二册第三单元课文A)Consider that the same cultural soil producing the English language also nourished the great principles of freedom and right of man in the modern world。

英语中所有19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句拟声onomatopoeia，头韵alliteration，半韵assonance，移就transferred epithet，圆周句periodic sentences，反复repetition，倒装inversion，延喻 extended metaphor，共轭zeugma，嘲讽 ridicule 典故allusion1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.例如:1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.例如:1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻[mɪ'tɒnɪmɪ]借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容,例如:1>.The kettle boils. 水开了.2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.III.以作者代替作品,例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻[sɪ'nekdəkɪ]提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.例如:1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)他的厂里约有100名工人.2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)他是本世纪的牛顿.3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉[,sɪnɪs'θiːzɪə]这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。

1This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see. （simile）2He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit. (simile)3It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something. (simile)4He jumped back as if he had been stung, and the blood rushed sintoshis wrinkled face. (simile)5The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. (simile)6German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets.(metaphor)7Nothing. No tracks but my own are stitched into the dusting of fresh snow, white as birch bark that fell during the night. No flittering shadows in the trees, not a sliver of bird song in the air. (metaphor)8Strawberries flooded the market and prices dropped down. (metaphor)9I suddenly came upon a wall of feeding elephants.(metaphor)10The diamond department was the heart and center of the store. (metaphor)11She may have tens of thousand of babies in one summer. (personification) 12... four evergreen shrubs stood at each corner, swheres they struggled to survivethe dust and fumes from a busy main road. (personification)13But the houses were cold, closed, unfriendly. (personification)14My only worry was that January would find me hunting for a job again.(personification)15My blood froze. (hyperbole)16When I told our father about this, his heart burst. (hyperbole)17My heart almost stopped beating when I heard my daughter’s voice on the phone.(hyperbole)18Vingo sat stunned, looking at the oak tree. It was covered with yellow handkerchiefs—20 of them, 30 of them, maybe hundreds. (hyperbole)19She gave me the impression of shavings more teeth, white and large and even, than were necessary for any practical purpose. (hyperbole)20We are none of us getting any younger. (understatement)21Last week I saw a woman flayed, and you will hardly believe how much it altered her person for the worse. (understatement)22…there was a loud cry from a number of voices, and the horses reared and plunged. But for the latter inconvenience, the carriage probably would not have stopped; carriages were often known to drive on, and leave their wounded behind, and why not? (understatement)23Those of us are quitting are the impatient ones who lack the imagination to believe that the bright dream will glow again. (understatement)24No one was more willing to do a favor for friend neighbor than he.(understatement)25The Great Wall was made not only of stones and earth, but of the flesh and blood of millions of men. (synecdoche)26He says that it was the most beautiful tongue in the world. (synecdoche)27Many eyes turned to a tall,20—year black girl on the U.S. team. (synecdoche)28Several years later, word came that Napoleonyh himself was coming to inspect them. (metonymy)29Al spoke with his eyes,“yes”. (metonymy)30So, during any five-week shape-up, focus more on the tape measure than on the bathroom scale. (metonymy)31Against the Oval Earth man, the first card I can play is the analogy of the sun and moon. (metonymy)32Senior citizens are respected in our country. (euphemism)33There are several pensioners in my school. (euphemism)34He has difficulty distinguishing between imaginary and factual information.(euphemism)35He needs help in learning to adhere to rules and standards of fair play.(euphemism)36Palestinian militants in the Gaza Strip bombarded the western Negev with dozens of Qassam rockets and mortar shells on Wednesday, burdening diplomatic efforts to revive a truce that expired over the weekend. (euphemism)37Rushing thongs, blinded by the darkness and smoke, rushed up on a street and down the next trampling the fallen in a crazy fruitless dash toward safety.(transferred epithet)38Sometimes they threw (him) bits of food, and got scant thanks; sometimes a mischievous pebble, and a shower of stones and abuses. (transferred epithet)39And the first tender singing of the passionate throat of a young collier, who has since drunk himself to death. (transferred epithet)40I suggest too that you avoid the big swamp in the southeast corner of the island.We call it Death Swamp. (transferred epithet)41Of the thousands of people who stand under Michelangelo’s heroic ceiling in the Sistine Chapel, very few are aware that they are looking a perhaps the greatest watercolor painting in the world. (transferred epithet)42It must be created by the blood and the work of all of us who believe in the future, who believe in man and his glorious man—made destiny. (parallelism)43... Because good technique in medicine and surgery means more quickly—curedpatients, less pain, less discomfort, less death, less disease and less deformity.(parallelism)44Napoleon was astonished. “Either you are mad, or I am,” He declared. “Both，sir!”cried the Swede proudly. (pun)45First gentleman: Thou art always figuring disease in me, but thou art full of error,I am sound. Lucio: Nay, not as one would say, healthy; but so sound as things thatare hollow; impiety has made a feast of thee. (pun)46Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed and some few to be chewed and digested. (synesthesia)07级英教（3）班常婷12007243601。