2018年中考英语易错知识点：被动语态2018年中考英语易错知识点：被动语态
一.易错知识点清单主动结构表被动
(1)
open,lock,write,read,sell,wash,cut,burn,drive等词作不及物动词时,它们的主语为物,可以用主动语态表被动意义。如:an's novels sell well.莫言的小说很好卖(销路好)。
(2) 表示感觉的连系动词如
feel,look,smell,sound,taste等后跟表语时,总是用其主动结构表达被动意义,它们不能用于被动语态。如: The table feel这张桌子摸起来很光滑。
(3) 在be worth doing中,doing表被动意义。
The book is well worth reading.
这本书很值得一读。
(4) want/need/require+doing相当于
want/need/require +to be done。如:
The library needs cleaning.
=The library needs to be cleaned.图书馆需要打扫了。
2. 不用被动语态的情况
(1) 当谓语是表示状态或特征的及物动词时,不用被
动语态。这样的及物动词有
have,bach,sell,arrivld,own,suit等。如:
We have a good tea我们有一位好老师。
The clalds 80 stud这间教室容纳80个学生。
(2) 及物动词的宾语为反身代词、相互代词、非谓
语动词、同源宾语时,都没有被动语态。如:
The boy tauglf English.这男孩自学英语。
We help ea我们互相帮助。lwim.她喜欢游泳。被动语态与系表结构的区别
动词“be+过去分词”这一结构既可以是被动语态,
也可以是系表结构。这两种结构主要的区别是:被动语态强调动作,系表结构强调状态。我们还可以通过以下方法来判断:
(1) 从形式上来看,被动语态往往接by施动者,而系表结构往往有固定的搭配,如be separated from,be covered with,bd in,be surprised at,be satisfied with 等。如:
We were surprised at the unexpected news.
听到这个意外消息,我们感到惊讶。(系表结构)
The house was surrounded bl这房子被警察包围了。(被动语态)
(2) 被动语态中的过去分词必须是及物动词,而系表
结构中的过去分词可以是gone,fall等不及物动词。
如:gone.我的钢笔不见了。(系表结构)
The su太阳升起来了。(系表结构)
二.提分策略判断主语是动作的执行者还是承受者
在解答被动语态题时首先要判断主语和动作的关系,如果主语是动作的执行者,则该句为主动句;如果主语是
动作的承受者,则该句为被动句。依据句子意思做出正确选择。
【例1】(2014·浙江宁波·30) I heard that LNingbo Subway laA. was tested BdD. tested 【解析】考查被动语态的用法。由句意“我听说上个月宁波一号铁路线被检测了”判断,句子的主语是动作的承受着,应用被动语态,la是一般过去的时间状语,因此
谓语动词应用一般过去时。故选A。
【答案】A
【例2】(2013·湖北孝感·38)Ma very yeaair is vw.
A. plant
B. are plantedlanted D. were planted
【解析】考查被动语态的用法。根据“every year”得知用一般现在时态。主语是ma故用一般现在时态的被动语态,因此选B。
【答案】B
【例3】(2013·湖南益阳·30)Tg nexA. will hold B. is going to hold C. will be held 【解析】考查被动语态的用法。主语g不能执行谓语动词hold,是hold的承受者,需用被动语态。next month 说明句子用一般将来时态,其被动结构为:will be held。故选C。
【答案】C
2. 正确判断时态
被动语态离不开时态。考生要牢记各种时态,掌握被动语态的构成,不能混淆。依据句子中的时间状语或上下文暗示,分析判断句子时态。
【例1】(2014·江苏南京·13)We're sure thavur city greatly through our war futuA. improved B. was improvedas improved D. will be improved
【解析】考查动词时态和语态的用法。句意:我们相信我们城市的环境在不久的将来通过我们的工作将被大大改善。”由句中的ar future判断,该句要用一般将来时的被动语态形式,所以选D。
【答案】D
【例2】(2013·江西·35)Twriter has got lans in France. His new book into French as soon as
it came out.
A. was translated
B. translatedanslated D. transla【解析】考查被动语态根据题干his new book 和translate的关系,应该选择被动语态,又根据时间状语从句as soon as it came out是一般过去时态,可知“被翻译”也是一般过去时态。故选A。
【答案】A
【例3】(2013·浙江宁波·35)—Have youd you?
—NI'llI uA. give B. am givwill give D. will be given
【解析】考查动词的被动语态。句意:如果再给我十分钟我会完成它。主语与动词give之间是被动关系,在条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。故选B。
【答案】B
三.专项训练( 2014·深圳·18) —It'd thaapsules(胶囊)are really bad our heal—Sounds terrible. Hopefullblem as soon as possible.
A. to;is solved
B. for;has solved;was solved D. for;will be solved
2. ( 2014·广东模拟·43)Land flowers
on both sidad last year. Oh, beautiful they
are!
A. have been planted;what
B. were planted;whawere planted;how
D. have been planted;wha( 2014·浙江模拟二·21) —Can you plauus,Cathy?
—Of course. It maA. teaches B. is taugas been taught D. taug(2013·陕西)Tboy
al blday.
A. is taken
B. was taakes D(2013·河北)Driving after drinking wine a.
A. allows
B. doesn't allowallowed D. isn't allowed(2013·重庆)I to take pagllast wA. ask B. askedam asked D. was asked(2013·湖南岳阳)—May I use your cup,Tom?
—bust now.
A. was broken
B. is bb(2013·江苏南京)I'm glad to find that ma in our city last year.
A. plant
B. plantedwere planted D. are planted(2013·安徽)—Do you have any problu
this job?
—Well,I'g about the working day.
AB. willad D. will bd
【答案与解析】D 解析：考查一般将来时态被动语态的用法。故选D。“be bad(对……有害)”是固定搭配,所以排除A、C两项。因为应答句后面一句的主语是动作的承受者,谓语动词要用被动语态。由“as soon as possible(尽快)”判断,应该用一般将来时态。故选D。
2. C 解析：考查一般过去时态被动语态的用法。
句的主语是动作的承受者,谓语动词要用被动语态。由“last year(去年)”判断,要用一般过去时态;又因为后面一句是感叹句,形容词“beautiful”之前应该用how
来引导。故选C。解析：考查现在完成时态被动语态
的用法。应答句的主语是动作的承受者,谓语动词应该用被动语态,所以排除A、D两项。由“ma”判断,动作已经完成。故选C。B 解析：考查被动语态。主语为boy,和动词take之间为动宾关系,故要用被动语态。再由yesterday可知要用一般去过时的被动语态,故选B。D
解析：考查被动语态。句意为“酒后驾车在中国是不被允许的。”可知为否定的被动语态,故选D。D 解析：
考查被动语态。句意:上周,我被邀请参加英语演讲比赛。根据句意,应用被动语态;又因有时间状语last week,应
用过去时,故答案选D。A 解析：被动语态的用法。根
据句意可知是被动语态,又时间状语为just now,故答案
为A。解析：考查被动语态的用法。由last year可推
断用一般过去时。trees和plant为被动关系,因此,为一般过去时的被动语态。句意:我很高兴地发现,我们的城市去年种了许多树。故选C。解析：考查if引导的条件状语从句及被动语态。if引导的条件状语从句应该用一般现在时表示将来;根据句意,此处应该用被动语态。故选C。
专题九被动语态 学前自测（发现考点） ( )1. Don't worry. Your package ____ here until you come back, so enjoy shopping here. A. has kept B. will keep C. has been kept D. will be kept ( )2. John ___ to come to the teacher's office just now. He may be in trouble. A. was told B. told C. has told D. tells ( )3. —I haven't seen John for many years. How's he going? —He broke the law and ____ to prison 2 years ago. A. has sent B. were sent C. was sent D. was sending ( )4. —Where are your dogs, Mickey? —The dogs ____ to the pet centre last week. A. is sent B. was sent C. are sent D. were sent ( )5. Some beautiful flowers ____ to her daughter on her last birthday. A. are given B. are giving C. were given D. were giving ( )6. —It's difficult for the village children to cross the river to school. —I agree with you. I think a bridge ____ over the river. A. will build B. is built C. should be built D. was built ( )7. Mr Green ____ 2 minutes to think about the final decision. A. gives B. gave C. was given D. will give ( )8. —Sandy __ to be hard-working by her parents. —So am I. A. asks B. is asking C. asked D. is asked ( )9. I wonder if the talent show ___ next month. If they ____ it, I must get ready for it. A. will hold; hold B. will hold; will hold C. will be held; hold D. is held; will hold ( )10. The garden ____ while the Greens were away from home. A. took good care of B. was taken good care of C. taken good care of D. was taking good care 常考考点知识清单（研习考点） 英语动词有主动语态和被动语态之分。主动语态的句子中主语是动作的执行者,而被动语态的句子中主语是动词的承受者。只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语动词,才能构成被动语态。 考点一各种时态被动语态的构成
被动语态 一、被动语态的定义 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。如：We speak English. 句子中主语we是speak（讲）这个动作的执行者。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：English is spoken by them. 句子中主语English是speak（讲）这个动作的承受者，即英语被讲。被动语态相当于汉语的“被”字句。 二、被动语态的构成 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化来体现。 被动语态的构成是：主语+be+动词的过去分词 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的形式变化来表示。 1、记住下面几种时态的被动语态的构成： 一般现在时：主语+am/is/are+过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 一般过去时：主语+was/were+过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 一般将来时：主语+will/shall+be+过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 现在进行时：主语+am/is/are+being+过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者）
过去进行时：主语+was/were+being+过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 现在完成时：主语+have/has+been+过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 2、含有情态动词的被动语态 主语+情态动词+be+动词的过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 三、被动语态的用法 1、怎样确定该用被动语态？ （1）不知道或者没有必要说明动作的执行者。 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 我们在做题时要注意：如果主语能执行这个动作，就用主动语态；主语不能执行动作，反而要被动作去执行，这时就用被动语态。 2、用被动语态要注意两个问题 （1）不管是把主动语态变被动语态还是把被动语态变主动语态都要保持时态一致 （2）在主动语态中make,see,let等省to的在被动语态中要加上to. 3、不能使用被动语态的情况： （1）不及物动词不能用于被动语态，如：happen,take place,last,cost,change，begin等 （2）当直接宾语是反身代词时，不能用被动语态 连系词无被动，而是用主动形式表示被动意义如：
中考英语被动语态完全 手册 Document number：WTWYT-WYWY-BTGTT-YTTYU-2018GT
中考英语被动语态完全手册 一、语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两 种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。 例如：Many?people?speak?English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many?people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English?is?spoken?by?many?people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念；而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构，从而是句法概念。所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子，而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。 例如：He?opened?the?door.他开了门。(主动句) The?door?was?opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught 一般过去时：was／were＋taught 一般将来时：will／shall?be＋taught 现在进行时：am／is／are?being＋taught 过去进行时：have／has?been＋taught 现在完成时：have／has?been＋taught 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：Some?new?computers?were?stolen?last?night.?一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。 (不知道电脑是谁偷的) This?book?was?published?in?1981.这本书出版于1981年。 (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：the?window?was?broken?by?Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This?book?was?written?by?him.这本书是他写的。 Eight?hours?per?day?for?sleep?must?be?guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。 歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要; 动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法
初中英语语法易错知识点 中考将近，很多学生在面对中考英语还是有一些恐惧，其实英语很简单，很多学生把自己拘泥与语法的世界不可自拔，却忽略了英语作为一门语言的实质，它是一种用于交流的工具，只是单纯的学语法，记单词是无法在中考中取得高分的，根据最近几年的中考英语的考点趋势，可以明显发现单选题越来越简单，而完形和阅读C篇有明显变难的趋势，如何面对以及解决这个问题呢?根据多年所带中考学生的经验，总结如下：首先，要将学生从语法的世界里解放出来，这并不是说语法不重要，只是要把语法融入句法中去学习，让语法具有生命力，让学生在学习语法的同时，能够把握住完形和阅读中的难句和长句，并在阅读过程中，记忆单词，掌握句型，这实在是一种一本万利的方法。再次，有了句法意识之后，就需要学生大量的进行泛读和精读练习，只有这样学生才能积累一定的词汇量，能够培养不错的语感，并且在考试中，遇到难题不再有畏惧心理，但有一点要特别注意，就是很多学生都没有良好的学习习惯，不知道温故而知新，所以每次看完之后就将其丢在一边，这样就会导致其不停在学习新的内容，但是又将学过的只是很快忘掉，相信说到这里，我们就会想到熊掰玉米棒子的故事，其实很多学生拥有和熊一样的毛病，现在就需要学生能够特别具有耐心和意志力，不停的进行复习，将短期记忆化为长期记忆，变成自己东西。最后，在进行阅读过程中，要养成做笔记的习惯，将难句和带有生词的句子抄下来，要注意永远都不要只是抄下单词，这样的单词是没有生命的力的，单词只有在句子里才有意义。从此时此刻开始行动吧，叔本华说过：“现在是人存在的唯一形态。”用阅读来攻克英语绝对是决战中考英语的捷径。 中考将近，很多学生在面对中考英语还是有一些恐惧，其实英语很简单，很多学生把自己拘泥与语法的世界不可自拔，却忽略了英语作为一门语言的实质，它是一种用于交流的工具，只是单纯的学语法，记单词是无法在中考中取得高分的，根据最近几年的中考英语的考点趋势，可以明显发现单选题越来越简单，而完形和阅读C篇有明显变难的趋势，如何面对以及解决这个问题呢?根据多年所带中考学生的经验，总结如下：首先，要将学生从语法的世界里解放出来，这并不是说语法不重要，只是要把语法融入句法中去学习，让语法具有生命力，让学生在学习语法的同时，能够把握住完形和阅读中的难句和长句，并在阅读过程中，记忆单词，掌握句型，这实在是一种一本万利的方法。再次，有了句法意识之后，就需要学生大量的进行泛读和精读练习，只有这样学生才能积累一定的词汇量，能够培养不错的语感，并且在考试中，遇到难
2018年河北省中考试卷笔试部分试题及解析 V. 单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，计10分) 26. Please come in, Alice. Welcome to _______ house. A. her B. his C. my D. your 27. Did you hear the _______? A scientist will visit our school. A. advice B. news C. praise D. choice 28. This dog looks _______. It’s wearing red shoes. A. clever B. brave C. funny D. careful 29. Bob, dinner is ready. Please wash your hands ______you eat. A. until B. after C. while D. before 30. Gary is the best singer in my class. No one else _____so well. A. sings B. sang C. will sing D. is singing 31. --- The bread is really delicious. ---Thank you. I ________it myself. A. make B. made C. will make D. am making 32. Can you help me _______ the pen? It’s under your chair. A. ask for B. look for C. pick up D. put up 33. I _______an invitation to the concert. I can’t wait to go. A. receive B. will receive C. was receiving D. have received 34. Look at the picture. The top five TV plays ________in it. A. list B. are listed C. will list D. will be listed 35. ---Hi, Ken. Did Mrs. Zhang tell us ________? ---Yes, She said we should meet there at nine. A. which was the way to the station B. why we should meet at the station C. when we should get to the station D. who we should meet at the station 26. C【解析】考查代词词义辨析。结合语境应翻译为：爱丽丝请进，欢迎来到我的房子。故选C。 27. B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。advice意为“建议”;news意为“消息、新闻”;praise 意为“赞美、赞扬”choice意为“选择”根据句意故选B。 “聪明的”brave意为“勇敢的”funny意为“有趣的”careful意为“认真的”故选
[第一类] 名词类 1. 这些女老师们在干什么? [误] What are the woman teachers doing? [正] What are the women teachers doing? [析] 在英语中，当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单或复数形式)时，作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式;但当man, woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时，要用其复数形式men, women. 2. 房间里有多少人? [误] How many peoples are there in the room? [正] How many people are there in the room? [析] people作“人、人们”解时，是个集合名词，其单复数同形。 3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。 [误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son. [正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son. [析] 表示不可数名词的数量时，常用“a / an或数词+表量的可数名词+ of + 不可数名词”这一结构，其中当数词大于1时，表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。 [第二类] 动词类 4. 你妹妹通常什么时候去上学? [误] What time does your sister usually goes to school? [正] What time does your sister usually go to school? [析] 借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时，句中的谓语动词用其原形。 5. 琳达晚上经常做作业，但今晚她在看电视。 [误] Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this evening she watching TV. [正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening she is watching TV.
一、语态概述 语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系.英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者（或执行者）eg：Many people speak Chinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象.eg：Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者. 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词构成.人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的.(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成.) 各种时态的被动语态构成： 1.一般现在时：am/is/are＋及物动词的过去分词 I'm asked to take care of myself. Football is played all over the world 2.一般过去时：was/were＋及物动词的过去分词 This house was built in 1958. His leg was broken in an accident. 3.一般将来时：will/shall be＋及物动词的过去分词 More factories will be built in our city. He will be taken to hospital tomorrow. 4.现在进行时：am/is/are being＋及物动词的过去分词. A road is being built around the mountain. Many new houses are being built in this city 5.过去进行时：was/were being＋及物动词的过去分词 he meeting was being held when I was there. We were being trained this time last year. 6.现在完成时：have/has been＋及物动词的过去分词 His book has been translated into many foreign languages. The prices of many goods have been cut again . 7.过去完成时：had been + 及物动词的过去分词 A new school had been set up by the end of last year. 8.含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词 The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there. 三、被动语态的基本用法 一般来说,在我们日常生活中,能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态.只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态：1.不知道动作的执行者是谁. 1).Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了. 2).This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年. 3).The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天,教室的前窗被打 2.没不要说出动作的执行者是谁. 1).The time-table has been changed .时间表已变动了 2).China was founded in 1949. 3.不愿意说出动作的执行者,其目的是为了使语言得体、圆滑等.在这种情况下,有时常用一些句式,如It is said that…（据说……）,It is reported that …（据报道）,It is well known that（众所周知……）It is supposed that（据推测说, It is believed that…大家相信,It is hoped that…大家希望,It is thought that…大家认为,It is suggested that…据建议等等. It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner.据说她要嫁给一个外国人. It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam.） 4.强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者. 1).The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的. 2).his book was written by him.这本书是他写的. 3).Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成. 注：使用被动语态的情况口诀：动作谁做的不知道,谁说出的不必要.接受动作需强调,用被动语态最为妙. 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法： 1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语. 2.把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式).
（英语）中考英语动词被动语态真题汇编(含答案)及解析 一、动词被动语态 1． Chinese ______by more and more people around the world. A. spoken B. is spoken C. spoke D. speak 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：全世界越来越多的人讲汉语。全世界的人讲汉语，表示通常的状况，用一般现在时态；主语Chinese是谓语动词speak的承受者，用被动语态。故选B。 2．—Tom, do you know ________? —In Beijing. A. where will the 24th Winter Olympics be held B. where the 24th Winter Olympics will hold C. where the 24th Winter Olympics will be held D. where will the 24th Winter Olympics hold 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——汤姆，你知道第24届冬季奥运会将在哪里举行吗？——在北京。宾语从句的语序是特殊疑问词+陈述句的语序， the 24th Winter Olympics还没发生，故是一般将来时，与hole举办是被动关系，故是被动语态，故选C。 【点评】考查宾语从句，注意宾语从句的语序是特殊疑问词+陈述句的语序。 3．----Don't smoke here, Dad. Smoking _____ in public places. ----Oh, sorry. I'll stop right now. A. isn't allowed B. aren't allowed C. doesn't allow 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:----不要在这儿吸烟，爸爸。在公共场所不允许吸烟。----哦，对不起，我马上停止。“不允许吸烟”，吸烟smoking在句中作主语，用被动语态。动名词短语smoking作主语，谓语用三人称单数.故选A 4．Let's wait and see whether books by the Internet in the future.
初中英语50个易错知识点习题汇总 1. Because he was ill yesterday, so he didn't go to work. (×) Because he was ill yesterday, he didn't go to work. (√) He was ill yesterday, so he didn't go to work. (√) [析] 用though, but表示"虽然……，但是…… "或用because, so 表示"因为……，所以……"时，though和but 及because和so 都只能择一而用，不能两者同时使用。 2. The Smiths have moved Beijing. (×) The Smiths have moved to Beijing. (√) [析] 不及物动词后接名词或代词作宾语时，要在动词之后加上适当的介词；但不及物动词后接home, here, there等副词作宾语时，动词之后不必加任何介词。 3. The box is too heavy for him to carry it. (×) The box is too heavy for him to carry. (√) [析] the box既是这句话的主语, 也是不定式to carry的逻辑宾语，若句末再加上it，就和the box重复了。 4. Each of the boys have a pen. (×) Each of the boys has a pen. (√) [析] 复数名词前有表个体的each of, one of, every，either of等词组修饰，或有表否定的neither of, none of 等词组修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 5. Neither he nor you is good at English. (×) Neither he nor you are good at English. (√) [析] either... or..., neither... nor..., not only..., but also... 等词组连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词遵循"就近一致原则", 即由靠近谓语的那个主语决定谓语的人称和数用何种形式。 6. Ten minus three are seven. (×) Ten minus three is seven. (√) [析] 用英语表示加（plus）、减(minus)等数学运算时，谓语动词也用单数形式。 7. The number of the workers in this factory are about 5,000. (×) The number of the workers in this factory is about 5,000. (√) [析] the number of表示"……的数量"，谓语动词用单数形式；a number of 的意思是"若干" 或"许多"，相当于some或a lot of，和复数名词连用，谓语动词用复数形式。 8. Hello! I have important something to tell you. （×） Hello! I have something important to tell you. (√) [析] 形容词或动词不定式修饰不定代词作定语时，修饰成分要置于不定代词之后。 9. His son is enough old to go to school. （×） His son is old enough to go to school.(√)
被动语态 学习目标:掌握被动语态结构以及时态变换 预习导学：举例把字句和被字句 知识梳理 一．被动语态的句法功能 1. 当不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。 e.g.: Japanese is taught in that school. (类似warming up中的“饭吃过了”，英汉说话习惯的相似性) 2. 当需要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时。 e.g.: Her book will be brought tomorrow morning. 看图学知识，来发挥你的潜力吧，找到主动变被动语态的小技巧！！ He can carry the basket.
The basket can be carried by him. They can sing some beautiful songs. Some beautiful songs can be sung by them. 总结：上面例句的小规律： △主动语态变为被动语态的方法： 主动语态：主语+ 谓语动词+ 宾语 （执行者）（承受者） 被动语态：主语+ be + 过去分词（+ by + 执行者）（承受者）一般省略 【例题精讲】 例1.Children (not allow) to play frightening games. 例2.The Great Wall (know) by people all over the world. 例3.All the buildings (turn) into hospitals recently. 例4.How long can these magazines (keep)? Keys:1.aren’t allowed 2.is known 3.have been turned 4.be kept 【课堂练习】 提高题： 1. The vegetables (plant) in the fields next week. 2. The soldier was very ill when he (operate) on by Dr. Bethune. 3. The password of your email box should (memorize). . 4. Liquids can (turn) into gases if their temperatures (make) hot enough. 5. The next morning they (find) that some trees (blow) down during the night.
被动语态 授课人：授课时间： 一、语态概述 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。 例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 判断：你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？ We call the doctor. People don’t play football here. The truck was cleaned yesterday. Mr Chen teaches us English. The classroom was cleaned. 二、被动语态的构成：be+动词的过去分词+by sb（be+done) 一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught 一般过去时：was／were＋taught 一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught 过去进行时：have／has been＋taught 现在完成时：have／has been＋taught 含有情态动词的被动语态：can/may/must/should... +be done
歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、主动变被动的方法 口诀：主变宾，宾变主，By 句尾跟 Be 字变，Vpp跟后面 一、选择题（2×15=30分） 一、选择题（2×15=30分） ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )3.Cotton（棉花）____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( )4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( )6.How many trees ____ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.
2019年中考英语真题汇编——被动语态 1.The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge in 2018. We are proud of it. (2019 天津) A. is completed B. is completing C. was completed D. completes 2.These machines _____ in their factory by themselves last year. (2019 重庆B卷) A. make B. made C. are made D. were made 3.The China International Search and Rescue Team has brought help and hope to people in disasters around the world since it ______18 years ago．(2019 南京) A. set up B. is set up C. was set up D. will be set up 4.—Perfect photos! Good skills! (2019 长沙) —Thank you. They ______ by my Huawei mobile phone. In fact, I am not skillful at all. A. took B. were taken C. will be taken 5.Unluckily, Notre Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院) ______ this April. We felt so sad for that. (2019 成都) A. was burnt B. is burnt C. has been burnt 6.Gina went to the doctor's yesterday and she ______ about the importance of good living habits once more. (2019 江西) A. told B. is told C. was told D. has told 7.As one of the most exciting sports, volleyball_______in the Olympic Games in 1964. (2019福建) A. included B. is included C. was included 8.—Where is your book report? Did your dog eat it again? (2019 河南) —No, it ______almost________, and then my computer just died on me! A. 不填；finishes B. 不填；finished C. is; finished D. was; finished 9.—Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike!(2019 湖北黄冈) —Sorry, Mum. It yesterday. I forgot to do it. A. didn’t clean B. isn’t cleaned C. was cleaned D. wasn’t cleaned 10.—Why did you leave that position？ —I ______a better position in another factory．(2019 包头) A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered 11.The Meitan Tea Museum, a famous building in Guizhou, in the shape of a giant teapot. (2019 贵阳) A. will be built B. should be built C. was built 12.As we know, printing during the Sui and Tang Dynasties in China. (2019 广西桂林) A. invented B. is invented C. was invented 13.The villagers expect that the building of the bridge ____ before the rainy season comes. (2019 安徽) A. is completed B. was completed
专项复习:被动语态 （Revision of the Passive Voice） 【复习目标】1.熟悉常用时态的被动语态； 2.在题目中正确理解和运用被动语态 【复习重点】常用时态的被动语态 【复习难点】各个考点 【复习步骤】 一．基本概念复习 1.总结概念：谓语动词的执行者作主语，用语态；若谓语动词的承受者作主语，用语态。 2.总结结构：be+ done (be动词可以随时态、人称数的变化而变化) 二．考点复习 考点一：含有可以带双宾语的动词的被动语态结构 1.在下列动词后，通常在间接宾语前用介词to: bring , give , lend , offer , pass , show , take , tell , send , teach等 2.在下列动词后，一般在间接宾语前用介词for buy , make , get , choose , cook , sing等
考点二：在感官动词see , watch , hear , notice , feel 及使役动词have , let , make等词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to , 但变被动语态后要还原上to 。 考点三：含有动词短语的被动语态，切记不要将短语中的介词或副词忘掉或省略。 考点四：有些谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义 1.某些用来描述主语特征的不及物动词，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，这时主语通常是物。eg: sell , wash , read , write , 等 ?The books well． A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being sold ?This coat _____ easily． A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washed 2.表示状态特征的连系动词+ adj. / n.用主动形式表被动意义。eg: look , sound , feel , smell , taste 等 ①The steel(钢铁) _____ cold． A. is felt B. was feeling C. feels D. is being felt ②His plan _____ good． A. has sounded B. is sounding C. is sounded D. sounds 3.表示“发生，进行”的不及物动词用主动形式表被动意义。eg: happen , take place , come out , come true等 考点五：含有被动意义的“have / get + 宾语+ done” 考点六：表示客观的说明常用“It’s + done+…..” 据说….. 据报道……. 众所周知……. 据推测说….. 大家都相信…… 考点七：某些动词可以用-ing 形式表被动意义 三．练习题 (一)选择题(A)
2019年中考英语被动语态专题 (详细语法讲解+真题实战练习) 一、课程介绍 知识点： ①一般现在时被动语态 ②一般过去时被动语态 ③一般将来时被动语态 ④含情态动词的被动语态 ⑤主动语态变被动语态几种特殊情况 教学重点： ①一般现在时被动语态 ②一般过去时被动语态 ③一般将来时被动语态 教学难点： ①主动和被动情况的判定 ②被动语态某些特殊情况 二、知识精要 语态概述:英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 ①主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 e.g. Many people speak Chinese. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 ②被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。 e.g. Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现
出来的。 e.g. Many trees are planted by people every year. ③主动语态和被动语态的转换 a. 将主语句的宾语变为被动句的主语，若主动句的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变为主格。 b. 谓语动词变为被动形式，即be+及物动词的过去分词形式，注意时态保持一致 c. 将主动句的主语与变为被动句的宾语，主格变为宾格，并由by引导 主语为动作的承受者时，表示被动语态。 Tom eats an apple. (主动语态） An apple is eaten by Tom. (被动语态) 1、一般现在时被动语态 一般现在时被动语态结构：am／is／are＋done e.g. We’re influenced by his ideas. 我们仍然被他的思想所影响 e.g. It is still read and loved by people all over the world. 它仍然被全世界的人们所读和喜爱。 2、一般过去时被动语态 一般过去时被动语态结构：was／were＋done e.g. In those days, books were only produced one at a time by hand. 在那个年代，书是靠手工制作的，一次只能制作一本 3、一般将来时被动语态 一般将来时被动语态结构：will be＋done e.g. Their photos will be put up on the school website. 他们的照片将被公布在学校的网站上 书将会被网络取代吗？ e.g. Will books be replaced by the internet? 4、情态动词被动语态 情态动词被动语态结构：情态动词（can\must\should等）+ done