译文正文

济世仁术原文及译文翻译
摘要：
1.济世仁术的原文及译文
2.济世仁术的背景与意义
3.济世仁术的现实应用
正文：
济世仁术原文及译文翻译
《济世仁术》是古代我国著名医学家扁鹊所著的一部医学经典。

书中详细记载了扁鹊的医学理论、诊断方法和治疗技艺，对后世医学发展产生了深远影响。

以下是《济世仁术》原文及译文翻译：
原文：医之为道，仁爱为本，技艺为末。

夫仁者，爱人利物，不言之教，无为而治。

故圣人以无极为体，以虚无为本，以生化息，以养生长。

知此道者，医道备矣。

译文：医学的道理，以仁爱为根本，技艺为次要。

仁爱，就是关爱人和万物，不言而喻，无所作为而达到治理。

所以圣人把无极作为自己的身体，把虚无作为自己的根本，以生化不息，以养生延年。

了解这个道理的人，医学的道理就完备了。

2.济世仁术的背景与意义
《济世仁术》成书于战国时期，当时社会动荡，民生疾苦。

扁鹊身处乱世，深感民众疾苦，因此发奋研究医学，希望以自己的医术拯救苍生。

这部著作体现了扁鹊的仁爱之心和济世救人的崇高精神，对后世医学发展产生了深远
影响。

3.济世仁术的现实应用
《济世仁术》中的医学理论和方法在当今依然具有很高的现实应用价值。

例如，书中关于脉象的诊断方法、针灸治疗技艺等，在现代中医治疗中仍然广泛应用。

同时，《济世仁术》所倡导的仁爱精神，对于当今医患关系紧张的现状具有很好的启示作用。

Chapter20People in Gaojia Village were surprised to have not seen Qiaozhen working in the field for several days, because this labor-loving girl seldom did this before and the work points1she made in a year was more than that of her businessman father could obtain.Soon, the villagers got to know that pitiful Qiaozhen actually had suffered such a big misfortune!Immediately, the whole villagers started to discuss this matter, just as initially they did when this girl was in love with Jialin. Most people felt quite sorry for her misfortune; but there were a few people taking pleasure in her misfortune. And, people all believed that Qiaozhen, Liu Liben‟s second daughter, had been ruined thoroughly: whether commit suicide or be mad. Since everybody knew what this thing meant to a girl; moreover, how enamored she was with Gao Jialin,Gao Yude‟s boy!But, a few days later, the villagers saw her like a sick industrious small mare ploughing hard in the field. First she was busy with the crops in her family plots and fixing the broken fence on the edges of the vegetable garden. Later, she worked with others and did what she should do as usual but seldom spoke all day long.What a tough-minded girl! She did not commit suicide, nor did she have a nervous breakdown; she survived! These who had taken pleasure in her misfortune were compelled to feel deep reverence for her from their hearts!They all observed every move of her. The universal impression was: She became much too thin!How could she not be thin? She hardly ate nor had a sound sleep for half a month. Every midnight she wept silently on the bed alone-- for her misfortune, for her miserable fate and for her buried love dream!Once she thought of dying, but when she saw the earth, the mountain and the river where she had lived and worked for more than 20 years, especially when she saw the green seedlings of the cereal crops she poured with sweat, such thought immediately vanished. She was reluctant to part with the world—she loved the sun and the land; she loved working; she loved the clear Dama River near whose bank there was green grass and wild flowers...She could not die! She ought to live on! She must work! She must seek what could not be found in other places.After such a big emotional frustration, she came to understand how naively she pursued her love! Her tragedy was not caused by destiny, but the big difference between her and her dear brother Jialin. Now she had to accept the sentence of reality to her and live honestly according to her own conditions.But, anyhow, she simply could not part with her love to Gao Jialin. She would never hate him; instead she loved him even if her love was torturous!No one in the family was able to persuade her. She struggled to toil in the field. She considered the earth to be so broad-minded that it could hold all the pains in the world.After she came back after working in the field, she quietly went to her cave dwelling without washing her face, combing her hair, feeling like eating nothing and just leaning against the bedding roll in silent tears. Her mother, eldest sister Qiaoying and younger sister Qiaoling came to accompany her in turn, encouraged her to eat something and also wept together. Their cry was mainly for fear that Qiaozhen took things too hard and committed suicide.Liu Liben sighed heavily in another cave dwelling. He had been sick since the matter;there were many black marks on his head caused by cupping2. His anger at what happened to Qiaozhen and Jialin still lasted, but when he saw his girl‟s conditio n, he was not hardhearted enough to blame her. The villagers who were on bad terms with the family mocked at his daughter that she failed to attach herself to bigwigs and was discarded in the halfway in the end, which served her right... Let the enemies talk! How could a father stab his child‟s pain again? But he ground his teeth with hatred to Gao Yude‟s bad boy who hurt Qiaozhen!More often than not, things in the world were unable to explain. At this very time, Ma Shuan in Madian should ask a matchmaker formally to marry Qiaozhen. Several matchmakers had visited the family, but they all went away embarrassedly after a brief sit as soon as they saw the family‟s situation.Several days later, Ma Shuan visited the family in person in an evening.The whole family considered him very sincere and therefore received him in another cave dwelling. Anyhow, at this unfortunate time, this young fellow sought a marriage alliance, making the whole family feel touched. Whether this affair was possible or not, Liu Liben‟s didn‟t care. He was reluctant to involve in his daughter‟s marriage again. Since his luckless child had suffered wrong, he could not put her to great inconvenience again.As his wife prepared a meal for Ma Shuan, he came to Qiaozhen‟s cave dwelling suf fering from illness.Perching himself on the edge of the kang3, he produced a cigarette listlessly,took two puffs at it, then extinguished it and said to his daughter who was leaning on the quilt, “Qiaozhen, look on the bright side of things...Gao Yude‟s bad boy, God will punish him!” At the mere mention of Jialin, he got irritated.He slid down from the kang and stood in the centre of the floor4and let a torrent of abuse, “He bastard, rascal, will have no good end！I wish he will be struck by a lightning strike, making him a black wooden stake...”Qiaozhen sat up all of a sudden, reclined against the pillow and gasped out, “Dad, do not scold him! Do not lay a curse upon him! Do not...”Liu Liben paused but continued with a deep sigh, “Qiaozhen, let bygon es be bygones. Do not grieve any more. Forget Gao Jialin! Don‟t take it to heart! Don‟t hurt yourself. You still have a long way to go...I arranged dates for you before, but I did that for your good. I won‟t force you to do anything now. You have grown up; you can find a husband by yourself. Don‟t have great expectations! It‟s my fault that you didn‟t go to school, but now you can find an honest farmer as your husband... Ma Shuan has asked a matchmaker to visit our family these days, but on this matter I will not force you again. If you do not agree, I straightforwardly give him an answer and ask him never to come here...Today he visited us again in person.”“Is he still here?” asked Qiaozhen.“Yes ...”“Ask him to come here...”Her father glanced at her, not getting her intention, turned and walked out.After a while, Ma Shuan came in alone.Taking a glance at Qiaozhen on the kang, he sat cramped on the fore side of it, two hands rubbing.“Ma Shuan, do you really want to marry me?” demanded Qiaozhen.Ma Shuan, dare not to look at her, returned, “I have already been in love with you! I thirst for your ter, when I heard you and Mr. Gao fell in love, I was really in despair. Mr. Gao is an intellectual; I, a dead farmer, cannot compare with him, so I lose heart ...Couple days ago, when I heard Mr. Gao fell in love with a city girl and discarded you. I changed my idea, therefore ...”“I haven‟t had a good reputation in the village. Don‟t you dislike me?”“No,” Ma Shuan shouted out, “it‟s nothing. Any yo ung people may make a mistake. Furthermore, do not blame Mr. Gao. He is a cadre now while you are illiterate. How can you be a couple? As the saying goes, the golden flower is a match for a silver one, so is a summer squash for a pumpkin.Since we both are illiterate, we are right matches! Qiaozhen, I am strong and smart. I won‟t let you suffer hardships or wrong, even if I have to live a dog‟s life. I promise you. You can enjoy a happy life as thelocal villagers can do...” Talking there, the muscular farm er got emotional and scratched a match energetically, but he found he had not taken the cigarette out from his pocket yet.Tears trickling from her red swollen eyes all at once, Qiaozhen sobbed, “M a Shuan, do not say any more. I...agree. Let‟s get married as soon as possible! In these days! ”Ma Shuan put the cigarette back into his pocket and jumped down from the kang, excited with a glowing face and trembling lips.Qiaozhen addressed him, “Ask my dad to come in. You don‟t.”Ma Shuan rushed out, stumbled on the threshold and almost fell down.After a while, Liu Liben came in, his dim sick appearance wearing a smiling expression.Qiaozhen told to him briefly, “Dad, I accept Ma Shuan‟s courtship. I want to marry him in three or five days!”Liu Liben felt helpless at once, enquiring, “Uh...Time is quite limited. Is there any need for us two families to get a simple preparation?”“Dad, tell Ma Shuan we‟ll hold the wedding according to the rural customs completely. You should also make preparations. I will have a wedding that you and mom had before!”“But that was an old style wedding...”“It doesn‟t matter!” She cried out in distress.Liu Liben went out immediately. He told Qiaozhen‟s meaning to Ma Shuan. Ma Shuan approved and went home instantly to make preparations—booking the wind instrument players and preparing the feasts. As for other things, he prepared them well two years ago.After Liu Liben saw Ma Shuan off, he went to the front village for Gao Minglou as fast as he could.When Minglou heard Qiaozhen had consented to marry Ma Shuan, he was startled at first but then said to Liu Liben, his eldest son‟s father-in-law, “Well, Gao Jialin is in a high position now, our girl can not marry such a person in a high position. Ma Shuan is a decent person among the f armers...”“The problem is that Qiaozhen now is in a rage and she wants to hold the wedding in an old style. It is... ”“Forget it!” Minglou declared, “Go with her will. Now the Party‟s policy is open and this is not superstition! Thus hold the wedding as your girl wants. If you need any help these days, ask my eldest son and daughter-in-law Liu Qiaoying to help...”This day, when Qiaozhen got married with Ma Shuan, a joyful atmosphere prevailed in Gaojia Village and Madian. Most farmers of both villages d idn‟t take up labor. In Gaojia Village, people of their own sides were invited as guests, and others helpers. All the villagers wore their best clothes. Though some villagers did not attend the wedding, they were also in clean clothes in order to seem dignified in front of others.Gao Jialin‟s parents were certainly exceptions. Gao Yude worked in the field early in the morning. Jialin‟s mother went to a relative in a neighboring village—also to avoid the embarrassment.Only one person in the village lay down in his house—he was uncle Deshun. The old affectionate bachelor lay on the bare mat of the adobe kang, giving way to a flood of tears, sorry for Qiaozhen‟s mis fortune and for Jialin‟s inconstancy.The opening of the marriage ceremony first began in Madian. One of the principle roles to meet the bride was Ma Shuan‟s maternal and paternal aunts. Another more important role was his oldest maternal uncle—maternal uncle families of the male and female sides were first-rate guests. Five trumpeters of each group took the lead and behind them was a tall and strong horse to welcome the bride, around whose saddle was festooned with red silk. Ma Shuan, like a black tower, was riding a horse—this was called “pressing the horse5”. According to the customs, the bridegro om had to “press” the horse to the entrance to his village and then returned to his house waiting for the bride‟s coming.Behind Ma Shuan were his paternal and maternal aunts, both riding donkeys pulled by their own husbands. His maternal uncle as a group leader walked with the matchmaker at the end of the troop—the matchmaker as a distinguished guest of the two families was to meet and send off the bride.As soon as the troop entered Gaojia Village, the trumpeters blew the trombone, and led the drum corps to play altogether. The two who played the so-na plumped up their cheeks like fists and made a hullabaloo blow of “dabaidui6”.At the same time, the welcome cracking firecrackers had already resounded on the soil bank of Liu Liben‟s house.After the troop was received, the first meal started, where hele noodles7were served according to the customs. Encircling around the courtyard, the trumpeters played lento music.In the courtyard, on the soil bank and at the top of cave dwellings of Liu Liben‟s were all crammed with bystanders. Children were excited shouting and yelling, and young married women chatting and laughing.Pressing for time, the moment the first meal finished, the dinner began. The dishes were thetraditional “eight bowls” —four dishes of meat four dishes of vegetable, four dishes of cold meals four dishes of hot meals; a pot of spirit in the center; On the red-painted old fashion table are laid out eight white china cups. First table were rounded by the maternal uncles of both families; next were other blood relatives; then were people of their clans, helpers and Liu Liben‟s friends. Trumpeters were blowing all the time—they had to wait for their turn to eat till other people had finished...When people who were bustling with noise and excitement came and went, Qiaozhen stayed in her cave dwelling alone.Sitting at the head of the kang, she fixed her eyes on a spot of the opposite wall very steadily, motionless. Outside the sound of instruments, the clamor of people and the cry of tray-carriers all seemed far from her.She never expected her 22-year single life ended this way; henceforth she had to live with a man for a lifetime. She had never thought she would get married with Ma Shuan, while her beloved man was Gao Jialin! She had cried for hi m, smiled for him, and dreamed about him. Now, the dream was over…She distractedly sat dully for a while, and felt exhausted, so she leant against the bedding, shutting her eyes.Little by little, she felt drowsy and then fell asleep.The door creaked, making startle from sleep.She turned around and found her mother coming in with a pile of clothes in her hands.“Change your clothes, wash your face and comb your hair. It‟s going to set out...” her mother murmured to her.She used her fingers to wipe out two icy teardrops in the corners of her eyes, sat slowly up and got down from her kang.At this very moment, warmer and quicker music was suddenly played outside, which meant the last feast began and the trumpeters were to finish their work, and prepared to have their dinner.Her mother had to help her up to a chair and got her dressed in a hurry. After this, she poured a basin of hot water to wash off her tearful face and then started to comb her hair.At this time, her younger sister Qiaoling came in. She, just on vacation from school, ate nothing and came to see Qiaozhen, her elder sister.Qiaoling was as beautiful and attractive as Qiaozhen when she was Qiaozhen‟s age. Qiaoling was as slim as a white poplar tree; her lively face told her innermost gentleness and affection; under her longeyelash were two big eyes, glittering and speaking.Seeing her younger sister, Qiaozhen stretched out a hand to hold Qiaoling‟s hand and said emotionally,“Qiaoling, m y good sister, do not forget me...You should come to see me often. I never go to school, but I like educated people...only your presence comforts me.”Qiaoling whose eyes were moist with tears replied,“Elder sister, I know you feel awfully bad...”Qiaozhen continued, “My younger sister, be at ease! I have to live on anyway. I will work together with Ma Shuan, give birth to babies and bring them up to live out my life...”Qiaoling squatted down in front of Qiaozhen, two hands seizing Qiaozhen‟s hand, and said, “Elder sister, you are right. I am sure to visit you frequently in future. I love you since I was a child, though you did not attend school, you reflected quite often. I have received many good influences from you. You know I was stubborn, not open as I am today...Elder sister! Do not think much about the past things. To society, we should look ahead, as is the same with a person. This is life that cannot satisfy everyone all the time, but we also must live on with great enthusiasm. There are many things worth loving in one‟s life. One can not be discouraged because of dissatisfaction with one aspect. For instance, going to college was my dream, but I failed, so should I give up my life? Now I teach the children attentively so that they can attend college in the future. Even though I were not a teacher and became a farmer, I would accept it…”Qiaoling already mature in every aspect, her words made Qiaozhen see the light all of a sudden. Clutching Qiaoling‟s hand, Qiaozhen only said, “Do come to visit me and console me as you do now...”Qiaoling nodded at her and then burst out with indignation—Gao Jialin is far too conscienceless!Qiaozhen shook her head and then painfully closed her eyes.Qiaoying to see guests off came in. She told her mother to get all things ready, for the troop was to set out.The mother asked Qiaoling to eat something. After Qiaoling left, she examined other things in the cave dwelling, then took out a red silk from a box behind, and placed it on Qiaozhen‟s head with a hair clip—this was a red bridal veil.The sun set in the west, all the troop going down from the soil bank of Liu Liben‟s house in a line. The sound of sona, drums, trumpets and firecrackers mingled.On both sides of the village exit and on all the soil banks were crowded with onlookers. The children directing dogs were running hither and thitheramong the troop.Trumpeters in forefront blowing music accompanied by drumbeats led the way slowly, followed close by the groom‟s wife-taking people of the groom side .The bride in a red silk veil rode on the tall and strong horse festooned with red silk in the middle. Behind were the bride‟s relatives who were to see her off, whose number was two times the groom‟s according to the customs, including nearly all Liu Liben‟s and his wife‟s relatives who attended the wedding. Accord ing to the rural customs, Liben could only see the troop off to the slight slope and then returned home—as soon as he entered the front gate, he took a deep breath immediately...When passing the village, the troop marched quite slowly—as if to impress the villagers with the thrilling moment...Qiaozhen on the horse back tried to support her weak body not to collapse; under the red silk was a face quivering in agony.About to be out of the village, she could not help lifting up a corner of the veil: She saw the soil bank of Jialin‟s house; how many times did she once peep up there! She also saw the birch-leaf pear tree on the other side of the river—under that very tree and in the green crops, they once lay together, hugged and kissed each other...Farewell, the past!She dropped the red silk over her face, tears again welling up from her withered eyes…Chapter 21Zhang Kenan vented all his anguish to an elm tree stick with roots cut off which lay next to the coal and the wood stack in the yard.The firewood for cooking and for this winter was more than enough. It was unnecessary to cut any firewood. Even short of firewood, did they ever do it in person? They could just buy a few loads8. There was no need for Zhang Kenan to take great trouble in ripping.Nobody remembered which year this stout stick lay in their courtyard and who sent it to them. Anyhow it always lay there to prevent piles of firewood from falling down.The next day after Zhang Kenan received Huang Yaping‟s Dear John letter, he took back a big long-handled ax from the back yard of the non-staple food department and chopped the wood without uttering a sound.Among the local trees, the elm was of the most resilient fiber. People didn‟t choose it as firewood generally—it was hard to break.Zhang Kenan hacked it the moment he got off work. He actually had hacked down only a little firewood for many days. Whether he made it or not, he did not care and just kept on with it.He was bathed in sweat, his wheeze like a rapid draw of the bellow, but he kept flinging the long-handled ax constantly...Till he was too tired to hold out, he returned to lie down on the bed in a supine position，resting his head on his two hands with his eyes closed and his mouth shutting.Sometimes his mother gave him a drop, addressed him nothing and just cast a brief look at him with a heavy mood. What she turned over in her mind could not be told, only to find she started smoking again that was given up a year ago. Kenan‟s father was studying in the county Party School and seldom went home. A profound stillness pervaded the one-family courtyard all day.This day, he split the elm stick desperately for a while, and lay on the bed with his eyes closed as if his tall and strong body was stone dead, motionless.His mother came in. This time she started, “Nannan, get up!”Zhang Kenan seemed not to hear and continued on the bed and motionless.“Get up! I have so mething to tell you! You, like your futile father, in your twenties, are so cowardly!”Kenan opened his eyes, looked at her somber countenance but kept silent, still lying.“I tell you! I inquired clearly two days ago that Gao Jialin got a job through the back door done by Ma Zhansheng a sycophant! I had mastered all the materials!” Her face wore an elusive smile.Zhang Kenan still paid no attention to her. He knew this matter had nothing to do with his failure in love and answered dryly, “Front door or back door makes no difference...”“You wimp! I tell you, I wrote the letter of accusation to the Prefectural Commission for Discipline Inspection a few days ago. Today I heard your uncle Jiang County Commission for Discipline Inspection saying that the Prefectural Commission for Discipline Inspection attaches great importance to this matter and someone has been sent to investigate it who arrived this morning. Gao Jialin is scuppered!”Zhang Kenan clambered to his feet immediately, glared at his mother, and shouted, “How can you do that, mom? Let whomever do it! How can we do that? Then we become vile characters!”“Fart! You futile thing! He snatched your girlfriend, and how should you make such imprudent remarks! Why didn‟t I charge him? A bu mpkin bullied me and I should not retaliate but let him offlightly? Moreover, he gets his job illegally, which breaks the law. As a state cadre, I am responsible for upholding the Party‟s discipline!”“Mom, in principle, you are right. But it is unjustified on morally principles! If you do that, we will be completely hopeless! They will only think you are avenging in the name of public interests! We can not correct mistakes by mistakes!”His mother stepped quickly forward, smacked his face, and then slumped down on the bed and wailed bitterly, “How miserable I am! Give birth to such a boy good-for-nothing...”Kenan touched his face slapped by her mother, and sobbed with tears running down, “Mom! You know, I really love Yaping...I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart. I even want to end my own life!I hate Gao Jialin! But I think it over that I have no choice! As the saying goes, nothing forcibly done is going to be agreeable. Since Yaping loves Gao Jialin rather than me, no matter how anguished I am, I have to accept the reality. You know, I am so kind-hearted that I was afraid to see people kill chickens when I was a child. What I hate and fear most in my life is slaughterhouse! On hearing the cry of pigs, I am terrified with my hair standing on end. So I am unwilling to see people around me …killing each other‟ in spirit...Mom, You know me but not fully! I am a bit useless ordinarily, but I have my principles. Though only twenty-five years old, I have some life experience; The reason why I do have many friends willing to associate with me in society is that I'm very sincere and generous...I also have shortcomings. I carry an infirm disposition, lack spirits in life and have a narrow vision, which is what Yaping dislikes. But she does not know at all, I am unlikely to be a decadent man! Yaping, you do not thoroughly understand me...”Two hands holding his chest, Zhang Kenan said first to his mother, and later on to Yaping he could not see, his face twisting into a terrible image in agony. After saying that, he suddenly collapsed onto the bed, silent as the grave as if somebody lost a sack of grain...Long afterwards, Kenan got out of bed. His mother left at some time and where she went was not known. The yard was quiet like a desolate temple.Kenan walked out, going back and forth hesitantly at the foot of the courtyard wall for a long time.After throwing several dozen dog-ends on the ground, he walked directly to the radio station.He found Huang Yaping and told her that his mother wrote to the Prefectural Commission for Discipline Inspection and that someone had been sent to the county by the Commission to investigatethe issue; moreover he spoke his mind. He asked Yaping to see if there was a way to retrieve the situation.After hearing it, Huang Yaping burst out her abuse, “A low-down person your mom is!”Then sparkling with tears in her eyes, she said to Kenan, “Kenan, you're a good man...”The issue that Gao Jialin got his job by pulling strings was quickly verified by the County and the Prefectural Commission for Discipline Inspection. At the same time, Gao Jialin's uncle also knew this issue, called twice the secretary of the County Party Committee to demand the Party organization to send Gao Jialin back to his village.At present, this issue was public focus. It ran through the county; in streets and lanes, people had the discussion.In a County Party Standing Committee, this issue had been specifically listed in the agenda. The investigator attended the meeting and gave a detailed report on the investigation.The committee made a quick decision: Repeal Gao Jialin‟s job and his city account as well as send him back to the production brigade9he belongs to; Ma Zhansheng Deputy Secretary of the County Labor Bureau who defied party discipline, carried out dishonest practices through pulling strings and abusing influence several times, is discharged from his post and transferred out of the Labor Bureau, awaiting re-assignment of the Personnel Department…Special documents were soon transmitted to the relevant units. Ma Zhansheng like a cat on hot bricks visited the leaders and asked others to plea for him hoping he could make a self-criticism, exempting from punishment by the County Committee.Later, as he realized that all was of no avail, he always protested, “Ah, this time I lick ass to the blade. Fuck...”These days, besides Ma Zhansheng, the other relevant person Huang Yaping was always on the go, inquiring about the news and calling on his father's friends whether they could save the situation in order not to let Gao Jialin go back to the countryside.When she saw the documents issued by the County Committee, she considered it to be impossible.“Over! Over! All is over...” She shouted in her heart, not knowing what to do.She did not expect life to change as swiftly as lightning; she had just been happy but fell intopain subsequently!She grasped her hair, rolling over the bed. She could not bear the pain brought about by the blow.What was the focus of her pain?It was evident—she sincerely loves Gao Jialin, but she does not expect him to be a farmer, too! She is suffering from this contradiction!If there was a firm choice, she would not be so painful: If she did not love Gao Jialin, it would have nothing to do with her even if Gao Jialin went to the hell. If she ignored everything for love, she would go with Gao Jialin to the hell!Contradictions could not be unified. Both aspects were important to her—she loves Gao Jialin but expects him not to be a farmer.Life was always relentless. If she established and stu ck to her principles, she wouldn‟t confront making such a difficult. Could not but choose! Contradictions of life itself were the omnipresent God; no one could get rid of it!Huang Yaping did not know what she should do. Jialin was not in, and she did not have a much closer friend to discuss with. Kenan was a fit person, but he was in an incompatible position among them, whom she simply could not seek help from.Then she thought of her dear father. She could only talk about it with himBut how to start? He was against her quitting Kenan and being with Gao Jialin. In this case, she had hurt him. How would he deal with her current plight?Anyway, she decided to visit him.She came home for him, whereas he was not in. Her mother told her: Your dad is in the office.She then went to his office.Her father wore presbyopic glasses, reading “Liberation Army Daily”. Seeing her coming, he took off his glasses on the newspaper.“Dad, do you know the issue about Gao Jialin?”“How cannot I know? I attended the Committee...”“What is to be done?”“What?”“What should I do?”“You?”。

《为学》翻译简短1.为学译文/Article_Print.asp?ArticleID=1469《为学》译文作者：佚名《为学》翻译正文：天下事有难易乎为之，则难者亦易矣；不为，则易者亦难矣.人之为学有难易乎学之，则难者亦易矣；不学，则易者亦难矣.翻译：天下的事情有困难和容易的区别吗只要做，那么困难的事情也容易了；如果不做，那么容易的事情也困难了.人们做学问有困难和容易的区别吗只要学习，那么困难的也容易了；不学习，那么容易的也困难了.蜀之鄙有二僧，其一贫，其一富.贫者语于富者曰："吾欲之南海，何如"翻译：四川的边境上有两个和尚，其中的一个贫穷，其中的一个富有.穷和尚对富和尚说："我想去南海，怎么样"富者曰："子何恃而往？"翻译：富和尚说："您靠什么去呢？"曰："吾一瓶一钵足矣."翻译：穷和尚说："我靠着一个水瓶一个饭钵就足够了."富者曰："吾数年来欲买舟而下，犹未能也.子何恃而往！"翻译：富和尚说："我几年来想雇船而往下游走，还没有能够去成.您靠什么能去！"越明年，贫者自南海还，以告富者.富者有惭色.翻译：到了第二年，穷和尚从南海回来了，告诉富和尚.富和尚显出了惭愧的神色.西蜀之去南海，不知几千里也，僧富者不能至而贫者至焉.人之立志，顾不如蜀鄙之僧哉翻译：四川距离南海，不知道有几千里路，富和尚不能到达，可是穷和尚到达了.一个人立志求学，难道还不如四川边境的那个穷和尚吗？。

2.求《为学》古文翻译正文：天下事有难易乎为之，则难者亦易矣；不为，则易者亦难矣.人之为学有难易乎学之，则难者亦易矣；不学，则易者亦难矣.翻译：天下的事情有困难和容易的区别吗只要做，那么困难的事情也容易了；如果不做，那么容易的事情也困难了.人们做学问有困难和容易的区别吗只要学习，那么困难的也容易了；不学习，那么容易的也困难了.蜀之鄙有二僧，其一贫，其一富.贫者语于富者曰："吾欲之南海，何如"翻译：四川的边境上有两个和尚，其中的一个贫穷，其中的一个富有.穷和尚对富和尚说："我想去南海，怎么样"富者曰："子何恃而往？"翻译：富和尚说："您靠什么去呢？"曰："吾一瓶一钵足矣."翻译：穷和尚说："我靠着一个水瓶一个饭钵就足够了."富者曰："吾数年来欲买舟而下，犹未能也.子何恃而往！"翻译：富和尚说："我几年来想雇船而往下游走，还没有能够去成.您靠什么能去！"越明年，贫者自南海还，以告富者.富者有惭色.翻译：到了第二年，穷和尚从南海回来了，告诉富和尚.富和尚显出了惭愧的神色.西蜀之去南海，不知几千里也，僧富者不能至而贫者至焉.人之立志，顾不如蜀鄙之僧哉翻译：四川距离南海，不知道有几千里路，富和尚不能到达，可是穷和尚到达了.一个人立志求学，难道还不如四川边境的那个穷和尚吗？。

九成宫醴泉铭［正文1」九成宫醴泉铭，秘书监检校侍中钜鹿郡公，臣魏徵奉敕撰。

维贞观〔六〕年孟夏之月，皇帝避暑乎九成之宫，此那么隋之仁寿宫也。

冠山抗殿，绝壑为池，跨水架楹，分岩耸阙，高阁周建，长廊四起，栋宇胶葛，台榭参差；仰视那么迢递百寻，下临那么峥嵘千仞，珠壁交映，金碧相晖，照灼云霞，蔽亏日月。

观其移山回涧，穷泰极奢，以人从欲,良足深尤。

至于炎景流金，无郁蒸之气；微风徐动，有凄清之凉，信安体之佳所，诚养神之胜地，汉之甘泉不能尚也。

［正文2］皇帝爰在弱冠,经营四方,逮乎立年，抚临亿兆；始以武功壹海内，终以文德怀远人：东越青丘，南逾丹徼，皆献琛奉贽,重译来王；西暨轮台,北拒玄阙，并地列州县，人充编户；气淑年和，迩安远肃，群生咸遂,灵贶毕臻，虽藉二议之功，终资一人之虑。

遗身利物，栉风休雨，由姓为心，忧劳成疾，同尧肌之如腊，甚禹足之胼胝，针石屡加，腠理犹滞。

爰居京室，每敝炎暑，群下请建离宫，庶可怡神养性。

圣上爱一夫之力，借十家之产，深闭固拒，未肯俯从，以为隋氏旧宫，营于曩代，，弃之那么可惜，毁之那么重劳，事贵因循，何必改作。

于是斫雕为朴，损之又损，去其泰甚，茸其颓坏，杂丹墀以沙砾，间粉壁以涂泥；玉砌接于土阶，茅茨续于琼室。

仰观壮丽，可作鉴于既往，俯察卑俭，足垂训于后昆,此所谓“至人无为，大圣不作〞，彼竭其力，我享其功者也。

［正文3］然昔之池沼，咸引谷涧，宫城之内，本乏水源，水而无之，在乎一物，既非人力所致。

圣心怀之不忘。

粤以四月甲申朔旬有六日已亥，上及中宫，历览台观，闲步西城之阴，踌躇高阁之下，俯察厥土，微觉有润，因此以杖导之，有泉随而涌出，乃承以石槛，引为一渠。

其清苦镜，味甘如醴，南注丹霄之右，东流度于双阙；贯穿青琐，萦带紫房；激扬清波，涤荡暇秽；可以导养正性，可以澄莹心神。

鉴映群形，润生万物，同湛恩之不竭，将玄泽于常流，匪唯乾象之精，盖亦坤灵之宝。

［正文4］谨案：?礼纬?云：王者刑杀当罪，赏锡当功，得礼之宜，那么醴泉出于阙庭。

正文第1章第一章[原文] 道可道也①，非恒道也②。

名可名也③，非恒名也。

无名④，万物之始也；有名⑤，万物之母也⑥。

故恒无欲也⑦，以观其眇⑧；恒有欲也，以观其所徼⑨。

两者同出，异名同谓⑩。

玄之又玄⑾，众眇之门⑿。

[译文] “道”如果可以用言语来表述，那它就是常“道”(“道”是可以用言语来表述的，它并非一般的“道”)；“名”如果可以用文辞去命名，那它就是常“名”(“名”也是可以说明的，它并非普通的“名”)。

“无”可以用来表述天地浑沌未开之际的状况；而“有”，则是宇宙万物产生之本原的命名。

因此，要常从“无”中去观察领悟“道”的奥妙；要常从“有”中去观察体会“道”的端倪。

无与有这两者，来源相同而名称相异，都可以称之为玄妙、深远。

它不是一般的玄妙、深奥，而是玄妙又玄妙、深远又深远，是宇宙天地万物之奥妙的总门(从“有名”的奥妙到达无形的奥妙，“道”是洞悉一切奥妙变化的门径)。

[注释] ①第一个“道”是名词，指的是宇宙的本原和实质，引申为原理、原则、真理、规律等。

第二个“道”是动词。

指解说、表述的意思，犹言“说得出”。

②恒：一般的，普通的。

③第一个“名”是名词，指“道”的形态。

第二个“名”是动词，说明的意思。

④无名：指无形。

⑤有名：指有形。

⑥母：母体，根源。

⑦恒：经常。

⑧眇（miao）：通妙，微妙的意思。

⑨徼（jiao）：边际、边界。

引申端倪的意思。

⑩谓：称谓。

此为“指称”。

⑾玄：深黑色，玄妙深远的含义。

⑿门：之门,一切奥妙变化的总门径，此用来比喻宇宙万物的唯一原“道”的门径。

[引语] 老子破天荒提出“道”这个概念，作为自己的哲学思想体系的核心。

它的涵义博大精深，可从历史的角度来认识、也可从文学的方面去理解，还可从美学原理去探求，更应从哲学体系的辩证法去思维……哲学家们在解释“道”这一范畴时并不完全一致，有的认为它是一种物质性的东西，是构成宇宙万物的元素；有的认为它是一种精神性的东西，同时也是产生宇宙万物的泉源。

·说难》智：聪明，聪慧，机智，这里的意思是“以为……聪明”、“觉得……聪明”yù）雨：下雨。

名词用作动词。

坏：毁坏。

筑：修补。

其邻人之父亦云。

亦云：也这样说。

亦：也；云：说。

暮：晚上。

而：表顺接。

果：果然。

亡：丢失。

甚：很。

fǔ）。

而：却。

疑：怀疑之：的父：对老年男子的尊称；老翁译文宋国有一个富人，天下大雨，他家的墙被冲垮了。

富人的儿子说：“要是不修筑，一定会有盗贼来偷东西。

”邻居家的老人也这样说。

晚上富人家果然丢失了很多钱财。

结果，那个富人认为自己的儿子聪明，却怀疑邻居家的老人（偷了他家的东西）。

塞翁失马——《淮南子〃人间训》又名《淮南鸿烈》，西汉淮南王刘安编著。

【近义词】因祸得福、亡羊补牢【反义词】乐极生悲、祸福相倚善术者：精通术数的人。

善：精通，善于。

术：术数。

亡：逃跑；胡：古代北方少数民族。

吊：对其不幸表示安慰；其父曰：何遽：怎么就；表示反问。

遽：就；福：好事。

胡骏马而归。

居：经过；数月：几个月。

将：带领；“此何遽不能为祸乎？”贺：表示祝贺。

富:拥有许多。

堕：掉下来；髀：大腿。

人皆吊之，其父曰：“此何遽不为福乎？”引弦而战：拿起弓箭去打仗。

引弦：拉开弓弦。

十九：十分之九，意思是绝大多数以：由于；保：保全靠近长城一带居住的人中有一个精通道术的人，他们家的马无缘无故跑到了胡人的驻地。

邻居们都为此来慰问他。

那个人说：“这怎么就不能变成一件好事呢？”过了几个月，那匹马带着胡人的良马回来了。

邻居们都前来祝贺他们一家。

那个人说：“这怎么就不能变成一件坏事呢？”他家中有很多好马，他的儿子喜欢骑马，结果从马上掉下来摔得大腿骨折。

人们都前来安慰他们一家。

那个人说：“这怎么就不能变成一件好事呢？”过了一年，胡人大举入侵边境一带，壮年男子都拿起弓箭去作战。

边塞附近的人，绝大多数人都战死沙场。

唯独这个人因为腿瘸的缘故免于征战，父子得以保全性命。

秋夜旅舍寓怀译文摘要：一、前言二、秋夜旅舍寓怀原文三、秋夜旅舍寓怀译文四、译文赏析正文：【前言】《秋夜旅舍寓怀》是唐代诗人马致远创作的一首描绘羁旅之情的诗篇。

本篇将对其进行原文及译文的解读，以供读者更好地领略诗人的意境。

【秋夜旅舍寓怀原文】旅馆寒灯独不眠，客心何事转凄然？故乡今夜思千里，愁鬓明朝又一年。

【秋夜旅舍寓怀译文】In the cold night of autumn, the lonely lamp in the inn keeps me awake,What on earth makes my heart turndesolate and wretched?My hometown is thinking of me a thousand miles away tonight,With a heavy heart, I shall have more white hairs tomorrow, addinganother year.【译文赏析】本诗的译文既保持了原文的意境，又符合现代汉语的表达习惯。

首先，在词汇上，如“旅馆”、“寒灯”、“客心”、“凄然”等词，译者都尽量做到了音、形的对应。

其次，在诗句的韵律上，译者也力求做到对应，如“客心何事转凄然？”这句话在英文中也有类似的韵律。

再者，译者还通过对诗句的适当增删，使得译文在意思上更加贴近原文。

例如，“愁鬓明朝又一年”一句，译者增加了“With a heavy heart, I shall have more white hairs tomorrow, adding another year”，使得读者更能感受到诗人对时光流逝的感慨。

总之，《秋夜旅舍寓怀》的译文，无论在词汇、诗句韵律还是意思表达上，都堪称佳作。

道德经29章的原文和译文
摘要：
一、引言
二、道德经29章原文
三、道德经29章译文
四、总结
正文：
一、引言
《道德经》是古代中国道家学派创立者老子的主要著作，是道家学说的经典之一。

本书分为两部分，一部分是道经，一部分是德经，共有81章。

本篇文章将详细解读第29章的原文和译文。

二、道德经29章原文
不上贤，使民不争；
不贵难得之货，使民不为盗；
不见可欲，使民心不乱。

是以圣人之治，虚其心，实其腹，弱其志，强其骨，常使民无知、无欲，使夫智者不敢为也。

为无为，务虚其心，治于其腹，致其志，强其骨，无为而治。

三、道德经29章译文
不推举有才德的人，使人民不争夺地位；
不珍视难得的财物，使人民不起盗心；
不展示可引起欲望的事物，使民心不至于混乱。

因此，圣人的治理原则是：使人民心地空虚，填饱他们的肚子，削弱他们的意志，增强他们的体质，永远使人民没有知识、没有欲望，使那些聪明的人也不敢有所作为。

以无为的态度去作为，使人民的心地空虚，满足他们的肚子，实现他们的志向，增强他们的体质，从而达到无为而治的目的。

四、总结
道德经29章主要阐述了圣人治理国家的方法，即通过使民无知、无欲，达到无为而治的目的。

采桑度古诗其一原文译文
摘要：
一、古诗背景介绍
二、采桑度古诗原文
三、采桑度古诗译文
四、古诗意境解读
正文：
【古诗背景介绍】
《采桑度》是南朝乐府民歌，描绘了江南水乡的美丽景色和采桑女的生活情景。

通过这首诗，我们可以了解到当时江南地区人们的生活状态和风土人情。

【采桑度古诗原文】
江南可采莲，莲叶何田田？
鱼戏莲叶间。

鱼戏莲叶东，鱼戏莲叶西，
鱼戏莲叶南，鱼戏莲叶北。

【采桑度古诗译文】
江南的水乡，可以采摘美丽的莲花。

莲叶长得多么茂盛，一片碧绿。

鱼儿在莲叶间嬉戏游玩。

鱼儿在莲叶的东边游戏，鱼儿在莲叶的西边游戏，
鱼儿在莲叶的南边游戏，鱼儿在莲叶的北边游戏。

【古诗意境解读】
这首诗以江南水乡为背景，以鱼儿在莲叶间游戏为线索，描绘了一幅生动活泼的江南水乡画卷。

诗中以鱼儿的活动暗示了采桑女的欢快心情，展现出一种轻松愉悦的生活氛围。