非谓语动词与状语从句的转化
状语从句是同学们在初中就掌握的内容，笔者现将非谓语动词与状语从句之间转换的规律作一归纳，帮助大家更好地掌握非谓语动词。
一、非谓语动词与时间状语从句间的转换。
1.当主、从句的主语一致，主、从句的谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生时，且从句中谓语动词是主动语态，可用现在分词的一般式转换。
如：When they heard the news，they jumped with joy.
Hearing the news，they jumped with joy.当他们听到这则消息时, 高兴得跳了起来。
2.当主、从句的主语一致，从句中的动作发生在主句的动作之前或从句中谓语动词是完成时，可用现在分词的完成式转换。
如：After he(had）returned home，he began to work.
Having returned home，he began to work.回到家以后, 他开始工作。
3.当主、从句主语一致时，由after，before，since，assoon as等引导的从句可分别用after/before/since/on 加动名词短语转换。
如：Since I saw you last，Ihavebeen ill.
Since seeing you last，Ihavebeen ill.自从我上次见你后, 就一直在生病。
As soon as he heard this，he couldn’t help crying.
On hearing this，he couldn’t help crying.他一听到这事, 不禁哭了起来。
4.当主、从句主语一致时，以when，while 引导的从句，也可用when /while加现在分词短语转换。
如While we were walking alongtheriver, weheard someoneshouting.
While walking along the river，we heard someone shouting.当我们正沿着河走时,我们听到有人喊叫。
5.当主、从句的主语一致，且从句的谓语动词是被动语态时,可用过去分词短语转换。
如:Aftertheyweresenttothezoo, themonkeyshad good health.
Senttothezoo, themonkeyshad good health. 这些猴子送到动物园后, 健康状况都很好。
6.当主、从句的主语不一致时，时间状语从句可转换成分词的独立主格结构，即名词/主格代词＋分词。Afterthe meetingwasover，thestudentswentoutofthehall.
The meeting being over，the studentswentoutofthe hall.会议结束后, 学生们走出了礼堂。
Afterhermother hadpassed away，shehad totakecareofhersister.
Her mother having passed away，she had to take care ofhersister.她妈妈去世后, 她只好照顾她妹妹。
二、非谓语动词与原因状语从句间的转换
1.当主、从句的主语一致时，可将原因状语从句转换成现在分词短语。
如：Becauseshewasill，she couldn’t gotoschool.
Beingill，she couldn’t gotoschool.因为她病了, 所以没能去上学。
Ashehad worked amongtheworkers，heknew them verywell.
Havingworked amongtheworkers，heknew them verywell.由于他曾在工人中工作过, 因此对他们很了解。2.当主、从句主语一致，且从句的谓语是被动语态，可用过去分词短语转换。
如：Ashe wasborn in Shanghai，heknew thecityverywell.
Born in Shanghai，heknew thecityverywell.由于他出生于上海, 他对这座城市很熟悉。
3.当主、从句的主语不一致时，可把从句转换成分词的独立主格结构。
如：Because everyone in this city knew the teacher，we had no trouble in findinghishouse.
Everyone in thiscity knowing the teacher，we had no trouble in finding hishouse.因为这座城市的每个人都认识这位老师, 所以我们没费事就找到了他的住处。
Asthekeywaslost，she couldn’t entertheroom .
Thekeylost，she couldn’t entertheroom .由于丢了钥匙, 她进不了房间。
4.当从句的谓语动词表示否定时，用分词的否定式转换。
如：Because we didn’t know his address，we couldn’t getin touch with him .
Notknowing hisaddress，we couldn’t getin touch with him .因为不知道他的地址, 所以没法和他联系。
Ashe hadn’t received areply，hedecided towriteanotherlettertoher.
Nothaving received a reply，he decided to write anotherletterto her.由于没有收到回信, 他决定再给她写一封信。
三、非谓语动词与目的状语从句间的转换
1.以so that/in orderthat引导目的状语从句，主从句主语一致时，用todo/in ordertodo/soastodo等不定式短语转换。
如：Hegotup early sothat/in orderthat hecould catch thetrain.
Hegotup early to/in orderto/so asto catch the train.他起得很早, 以便赶上那趟火车。
2.用不定式的复合结构forsb.todo转换。
如：Hestood on therock sothat/in orderthat wecould seehim clearly.
Hestood on therock forustosee him clearly. 他站在岩石上, 以便我们把他看清楚。
3.当从句是否定句时，用nottodo/in ordernottodo/soasnottodo转换。
如：Hewentout sothat/in orderthat he couldn’t cryin public.
Hewentout notto/so asnotto/in ordernotto cry in public. 他为了不在公共场合哭出声, 就出去了。
四、非谓语动词与结果状语从句间的转换
1.结果状语从句以so...that/such + a（n）+ 形容词+ 可数名词单数+ that从句或so+ 形容词+ a（n）+ 可数名词单数+ that从句形式出现，that引导的肯定句可转换为so...astodo或enough todo结构。
如：Heis sostronga man/such a strong man that hecan carrythebigstone.
He is so strong asto/strong enough to carry the big stone.他是个很壮实的人, 他能搬起那块大石头。
2.such + 形容词+ 名词复数或不可数名词+ that引导的状语从句也可用so...astodo或enough todo结构转换。
如：Thesearesuch shortassignmentsthattheycan befinished by me.
The assignmentsaresoshortthattheycan befinished by me.
The assignmentsare soshortastobefinished by me. Theassignmentsareshortenough tobefinished byme.作业很少, 我能做完。
3.当主从句的主语不一致时，可用so...asforsb.to do 或enough forsb.todo结构转换。
如：Thegirlspokesoslowlythatwecould understand her. Thegirlspokesoslowlyasforustounderstand.
Thegirlspokeslowlyenough forustounderstand.那女孩说得慢, 我们能听懂她讲的话。
4.当结果状语从句是否定式时，可用too...to do /so...asnotto do / not...enough to do 结构转换。
如：Heissuch ayoungboy/soyoungaboythathe can’t gotoschool.
Theboyissoyoungthathe can’t gotoschool.
Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.
Theboyissoyoungasnottogotoschool.
Theboyisnotold enough togotoschool. 这男孩太小, 不能上学。
英语中if引导的条件状语从句用动词原形 还是非谓语动词 请看下面的句子，空格处应填动词原形还是非谓语动词： If they don't understand it the first time, _________ over it again until they do. A. going B. to go C. gone D. go 【分析】此题正确答案选D，其余几项均有可能被误选。空格前if 引导的是一个条件状语从句，而在空格处无论是填A、B或C，它都是一个非谓语动词短语，而不是一个句子，这样一来，整个句子没有主句，从而导致结构不完整。若选D，则go over it again until they do 则是一个句子(祈使句)，在此用作主语。又如： (1) If he likes to eat it, _________ him some more. A. give B. giving C. given D. to give (2) If anyone calls, _________ them I'm not at home.
A. tell B. telling C. told D. to tell (3) When your mother comes back, _________ her to come to school at once. A. ask B. asking C. asked D. to ask (4) While the baby is sleeping, _________ your work as soon as possible. A. finish B. finishing C. finished D. to finish 答案均选A，空格前分别为if, when, while 引导的状语从句，空格处填动词原形，构成祈使句，用作句子主语。
非谓语动词和从句的转换---- 一.不定式（短语）与从句的关系 1.不定式（短语）在句中作主语，其功能相当于一个主语从句，因此二者之间可以转换。 (1).To be able to help you is really an honor.(=That I’m able to help you) (2).He seemed to know the way.(=It seemed that he knew the way.) (3).Bush is said to have decided to attack North Korea. (= It is said that Bush has decided to attack North Korea.) 2.不定式（短语）在句中作宾语或宾补，相当于一个宾语从句 (1).We still don’t know when and where to build a school.(宾语) (=when and where we should build a school) (2).I advised him to go and see the doctor.(宾补)(=that he should go and see) (3).He thought it a great pity not to have invited her. .(宾语)(=That he hadn’t invited her.) 3不定式（短语）在句中作表语.，相当于一个表语从句 (1).My suggestion is for them to leave as soon as possible.(=that they should leave) (2).My chief purpose has been for them to get a good understanding. (=that they can get a good understanding) 4.不定式（短语）在句中作定语.，相当于一个定语从句 (1).The question will be discussed at the conference shortly to open in Beijing. (=that is shortly to open in Beijing) (2).All dead, I was the only one to grow up. (=that grew up) 5.不定式（短语）在句中作目的．结果状语.，相当于一个目的．结果状语从句 (１).He came to the area in order/so as to study the folk music there.(=in order/so that) (2).The lady was so excited as not to say a word.(=so excited that she couldn’t…)
㈠状语从句 1. –Can I join your club, Dad? –You can when you ____ a bit older. A. get B. will get C. are getting D. will have got 2. –When will you come to see me, Dad? --I will go to see you when you ___ the training course A. will have finished B. will finish C. are finishing D. finish 3. I think it is necessary for my 19-year-old son to have his own mobile phone, for I sometimes want to make sure if he ___ home for dinner. A. come B. comes C. has come D. will come 4. –What would you do if it ___ tomorrow? –We have to carry it on, since we’ve got everything ready. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining 5. When first ___ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced 6. Several weeks had gone by ___ I realized the painting was missing. A. as B. before C. since D. when 7. –Why didn’t you tell him about the meeting?—He rushed out of the room ____ I could say a word. A. before B. until C. when D. after 8. ___ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. with B. since C. while D as 9. –Did Linda see the traffic accident? –No, no sooner ___ than it happened. A. had she gone B. she had gone C. has she gone D. she has gone 10. It is almost five years ___ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. when 11. –Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? –Yes. I gave it to her __ I saw her. A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once 12. There were dirty marks on her trousers ___ she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. that 3 ___everybody knows about it, I don’t want to talk any more. A. for B. even C. since D. however 14. ___ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as 15. A man cannot smile like a child, ____ a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone. A. so B. but C. and D. for 16. The WTO cannot live up to its name ___ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though 17. ___ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. A. Even though B. unless C. As long as D. While 18. ___ most of the earth’s surface is covered by water, fresh water is very rare and precious. A. As B. Once C. If D. Although 19. There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, ___ she was an only child. A. ever since B. now that C. even though D. even as 20. ___ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand. A. While B. Since C. As D. If 21. Why do you want a new job ___ you’ve got such a good one already? A. that B. where C. which D. when 22. You should try to get a good night’s sleep ___ much work you have to do. A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever 23. The old tower must be saved,___ the cost. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever 24. Roses need special care ___ they can live through winter. A. because B. so that C. even if D. as
非谓语动词作状语全解 不定式和分词作状语的用法 一、不定式作状语可以作: 1. 主要用作目的状语。常与 in order to do (为了或 so as to do(以便连用。 so as to 不用于居首。 He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 他早起为了赶上第一班车。 He sat down to have a rest.他坐下来休息。 He went to France to learn French。他去法国学习法语。 They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan.他们站在路边为的是谈论这个计划。 They stopped to ask the way. 他们停下来问路。 (停下来的目的 2.作结果状语。表示出乎意料的结果。做结果状语的不定式只能出现在句子的末尾,常见的不定式动词有:to find, to hear, to see, to be told, to form, to give, to make, to produce 等。 He hurried to the station only to find the train gone. 他匆匆忙忙地赶到火车站,发现火车已经开走了。 He woke up to find everybody gone. 他醒来发现大家都走了。 His family was too poor to support him.他的家庭太穷,不能维持他的生活。 The boy is not tall enough to reach the book shelf. 这男孩个子不够高, 手伸不到书架。 He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学年龄了。 He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.他搬起石头砸了自己的脚。
知识讲解 知识点1：不定式（短语）与从句的关系 1.【考查点】：不定式（短语）在句中作主语，其功能相当于一个主语从句，因此二者之间可以转换。 (1).To be able to help you is really an honor. (=That I’m able to help you) (2).He seemed to know the way. (=It seemed that he knew the way.) (3).Bush is said to have decided to attack North Korea. (= It is said that Bush has decided to attack North Korea.)
2.【考查点】：不定式（短语）在句中作宾语或宾补，相当于一个宾语从句(1).We still don’t know when and where to build a school.(宾语) (=when and where we should build a school) (2).I advised him to go and see the doctor.(宾补) (=that he should go and see) (3).He thought it a great pity not to have invited her. .(宾语) (=That he hadn’t invited her.)
3.【考查点】：不定式（短语）在句中作表语.，相当于一个表语从句(1).My suggestion is for them to leave as soon as possible. (=that they should leave) (2).My chief purpose has been for them to get a good understanding. (=that they can get a good understanding)
精品文档 非谓语动词与状语从句的转化 状语从句是同学们在初中就掌握的内容，笔者现将非谓语动词与状语从句之间转换的规律作一归纳，帮助大家更好地掌握非谓语动词。 一、非谓语动词与时间状语从句间的转换。 1.当主、从句的主语一致，主、从句的谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生时，且从句中谓语动词是主动语态，可用现在分词的一般式转换。 如：When they heard the news，they jumped with joy. Hearing the news，they jumped with joy.当他们听到这则消息时, 高兴得跳了起来。 2.当主、从句的主语一致，从句中的动作发生在主句的动作之前或从句中谓语动词是完成时，可用现在分词的完成式转换。 如：After he(had）returned home，he began to work. Having returned home，he began to work.回到家以后, 他开始工作。 3.当主、从句主语一致时，由after，before，since，as soon as等引导的从句可分别用after/before/since/on 加动名词短语转换。 如：Since I saw you last，I have been ill. Since seeing you last，I have been ill.自从我上次见你后, 就一直在生病。 As soon as he heard this，he couldn’t help crying. On hearing this，he couldn’t help crying.他一听到这事, 不禁哭了起来。 4.当主、从句主语一致时，以when，while 引导的从句，也可用when /while加现在分词短语转换。 如While we were walking along the river, we heard someone shouting. While walking along the river，we heard someone shouting.当我们正沿着河走时,我们听到有人喊叫。 5.当主、从句的主语一致，且从句的谓语动词是被动语态时,可用过去分词短语转换。 如:After they were sent to the zoo, the monkeys had good health. Sent to the zoo, the monkeys had good health. 这些猴子送到动物园后, 健康状况都很好。 6.当主、从句的主语不一致时，时间状语从句可转换成分词的独立主格结构，即名词/主格代词＋分词。After the meeting was over，the students went out of the hall. The meeting being over，the students went out of the hall.会议结束后, 学生们走出了礼堂。 After her mother had passed away，she had to take care of her sister. Her mother having passed away，she had to take care of her sister.她妈妈去世后, 她只好照顾她妹妹。 二、非谓语动词与原因状语从句间的转换 1.当主、从句的主语一致时，可将原因状语从句转换成现在分词短语。 如：Because she was ill，she couldn’t go to school. Being ill，she couldn’t go to school.因为她病了, 所以没能去上学。 As he had worked among the workers，he knew them very well. Having worked among the workers，he knew them very well.由于他曾在工人中工作过, 因此对他们很了解。 2.当主、从句主语一致，且从句的谓语是被动语态，可用过去分词短语转换。 如：As he was born in Shanghai，he knew the city very well. Born in Shanghai，he knew the city very well.由于他出生于上海, 他对这座城市很熟悉。 3.当主、从句的主语不一致时，可把从句转换成分词的独立主格结构。 如：Because everyone in this city knew the teacher，we had no trouble in finding his house. Everyone in this city knowing the teacher，we had no trouble in finding his house.因为这座城市的每个人都认识这位老师, 所以我们没费事就找到了他的住处。 As the key was lost，she couldn’t enter the room . The key lost，she couldn’t enter the room .由于丢了钥匙, 她进不了房间。 精品文档
一．非谓语动词 ※不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别： 【知识点拨】 1．不定式作定语 ①不定式作定语常用于不定代词或被the first/next/only/last等修饰的名词和其他一些名词、代词之后。其中，不定式的一般式通常表示一个将来或经常性的动作，完成式则表示该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 例如：She is always the first (one) to come and the last to leave. ②如果作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词有动宾关系,在不及物动词后通常要加上适当的介词. 例如：Let's first find a room to live in / to put the things in. We have nothing to worry about.(=There is nothing for us to worry about.) ③不定式作定语修饰一个在逻辑上是其宾语名词时,若在句子中能找到该不定式的逻辑主语, 则该不定式多用主动表被动，否则，用被动式。 例如：I have a lot of things to do today. ( I ... do ... things) 2．-ing分词作定语 ①单个的-ing分词作定语一般前置,说明名词的性质、特征或用途等,-ing短语作定语一般后置；强调动作的单个-ing分词也常后置。 例如：a sleeping car ( = a car for sleeping ) a sleeping child ( = a child who is sleeping ) the boy standing there ( = the boy who is standing there ) The girl singing is my classmate. ②-ing分词作定语一般要求其动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或是在说话时该动作正在进行，否则，要用从句作定语。 例如：Do you know the boy talking ( = who is talking ) to the teacher? Did you notice the boy sitting ( = who was sitting ) at this desk yesterday? 3．-ed分词作定语 -ed分词作定语一般表示一个被动或已完成动作,-ing分词表示一个主动或正在进行的动作, -ing分词的被动式则表示一个正在被进行的动作。 例如：a developed/developing country He is a student loved by all the teachers. The building being built will be the third Teaching Building of our school. 4．像定语从句一样，分词作定语也有非限制性的，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。 例如：The students, wearing their school uniforms, marched into the playground. The substance, discovered almost by accident,has greatly changed the world. 【知识过关】 1. The computer center,______last year, is very popular among the students. in the school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened 2. Most of the artists _______ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 3. There was a terrible noise _______ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 4. Do you know the boy_______ under the big tree? A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying 5. Are you going to attend the meeting _______ tomorrow? A. to be held B. being held C. will be held D. held ※、不定式作定语 不定式作定语一般有以下四种情形： ⑴用于个体名词后，被修饰的名词作不定式的逻辑宾语, 同时句子的主语也是不定式动作的执行者。这种情况下使用不定式的一般体：
非谓语动词与从句之间的关系及转换 非谓语动词与从句间的相互关系及转换:英语中的非谓语动词是整个英语语法当中非常重要的部分，也是英语学习的一个难点。非谓语动词作句子成分时与相应的从句有着千丝万缕的联系，它们之间可以有条件的进行相互转换。 一、非谓语动词与从句的相互关系 (一)不定式和分词作定语相当于定语从句 不定式通常位于被修饰名词后。与该名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系。如果不定式与所修饰名词在意思上是被动且逻辑上的主语不出现时，要用不定式的被动式，与所修饰名词构成逻辑上的主谓关系。分词作定语时，单个分词置于名词之前，分词短语置于名词之后，与名词构成主谓关系或被动主谓关系。定语从句和不定式、分词作定语只是两种不同的表达方式，本质是相同的。 例如：I have many letters to type．(动宾关系) →I have many letters which I should type． I have many letters to be typed．(被动主谓关系) →I have many letters which are to be typed by others． The standing people shouted at the dean．(主谓关系) (二)不定式和分词作状语相当于状语从句 1．不定式多作目的状语和结果状语．故可以转化为相应的目的状语从句和结果状语从句。 例如：Mother got up early to catch the early bus．(目的状语） →Mother got up early 80 as to (in order to) catch the early bus． →Mother got up early 80 that (in order that) she might catch the early bus． 【注意】80 as to和80 that不可放在句首。 She is too young to join the army．(结果状语) She is 80 young that she cannot join the army． 2．分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式和让步等，相当于相应状语的从句。如果分词的逻辑主语与主句主语一致，则用现在分词；如果分词的逻辑主语与主句是被动关系且主语一致时，则用过去分词。分词作状语时，如果其带有逻辑的主语，称为分词的独立主格结构。分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语无语法联系。 例如：Seeing those pictures．he couldn't help thinking of the unforgettable days in New York．(时间状语) →When he saw those pictures．he couldn’t help thinking of the unforgettable days in New Y0rk．
非谓语动词和从句 1.非谓语动词 谓语（狭义）：主要指动词，关于主语的情况，可表示动作，也可以表示状态，受主语的人称和数的限制。 Time flies. She doesn’t like the idea. You shouldn’t look down upon this kind of work. 非谓语动词：在句中不能单独作谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。它不受主语的人称和数的限制，但有语态（主动与被动）和时态（一般式；完成式；进行式）的变化；否定式一般将not 直接放在非谓语动词之前。 1.1动词不定式 肯定形式： A 主动语态 B 被动语态 一般式 完成式 进行式 完成进行式 否定形式：not/never to do 1.1.1不定式有两种，即带to的不定式和不带to的不定式。 I’ve come to seek your advice. What you said made me think. 大多数情况下，不定式都带to, 但在特殊情况下，动词不定式的to要省略。 1.1.2动词不定式的用法： 主语（it作形式主语）： To cheat in exams is punishable. 注意：此时，动词不定式常常放在句子后面，而用it 作形式主语。 It is punishable to cheat in exams. 宾语：动词宾语：I hope to be back in a couple of days. 介词宾语：They desire nothing but to go home. 宾补：I want him to be my assistant. I ordered him not to enter this room without permission. 表语：His wish was to be a skillful worker. 定语：Do you have anything to say? 状语：I was delighted to receive your letters. （原因） We started early to avoid being late. (目的)
非谓语动词相关从句 非谓语动词概述： 非谓语动词与名词性从句 非谓语动词与定语从句 非谓语动词与状语从句 There are some people insisting that they shouldn’t learn English. 非谓语动词概述：动名词Ving；现在分词Ving; 过去分词ved; to do不定式 分词短语从本质上而言：是由动词派生而来的形容词。如，a sleeping baby, a used car, a frightening experience, a frightened child, etc. A baby who is sleeping. A car which is used ving形式由动词的主动形式派生而来；表示主动的动作或正在进行的动作 Ved形式由动词的被动形式派生而来：表示被动的动作或已完成的动作 The fallen leaves The falling leaves The custom fascinates me.
The fascinating custom has been the subject of many books. The baby will sleep until eight. Try not to wake a sleeping baby. Some movies are rated X. Children shouldn’t see X-rated movies. My leg was broken in three places. My broken leg is healing slowly. The sinking ship= the ship that was sinking The sunken ship=the ship that has sunken. Falling leaves= Fallen leaves= 现在分词的完成时态：表示分词的动作发生在主句谓语动词动作之前。Having done The students had solved most of the problems without any help. Having solved most of the problems without any help, the students were exhilarated. After they have solved most of the problems without…………………………..
非谓语动词与状语从句的转化 状语从句是同学们在初中就掌握的内容，笔者现将非谓语动词与状语从句之间转换的规律作一归纳，帮助大家更好地掌握非谓语动词。 一、非谓语动词与时间状语从句间的转换。 1.当主、从句的主语一致，主、从句的谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生时，且从句中谓语动词是主动语态，可用现在分词的一般式转换。 如：When they heard the news，they jumped with joy. Hearing the news，they jumped with joy.当他们听到这则消息时, 高兴得跳了起来。 2.当主、从句的主语一致，从句中的动作发生在主句的动作之前或从句中谓语动词是完成时，可用现在分词的完成式转换。 如：After he(had）returned home，he began to work. Having returned home，he began to work.回到家以后, 他开始工作。 3.当主、从句主语一致时，由after，before，since，as soon as等引导的从句可分别用after/before/since/on 加动名词短语转换。 如：Since I saw you last，I have been ill. Since seeing you last，I have been ill.自从我上次见你后, 就一直在生病。 As soon as he heard this，he couldn’t help crying. On hearing this，he couldn’t help crying.他一听到这事, 不禁哭了起来。 4.当主、从句主语一致时，以when，while 引导的从句，也可用when /while加现在分词短语转换。 如While we were walking along the river, we heard someone shouting. While walking along the river，we heard someone shouting.当我们正沿着河走时,我们听到有人喊叫。 5.当主、从句的主语一致，且从句的谓语动词是被动语态时,可用过去分词短语转换。 如:After they were sent to the zoo, the monkeys had good health. Sent to the zoo, the monkeys had good health. 这些猴子送到动物园后, 健康状况都很好。 6.当主、从句的主语不一致时，时间状语从句可转换成分词的独立主格结构，即名词/主格代词＋分词。After the meeting was over，the students went out of the hall. The meeting being over，the students went out of the hall.会议结束后, 学生们走出了礼堂。 After her mother had passed away，she had to take care of her sister. Her mother having passed away，she had to take care of her sister.她妈妈去世后, 她只好照顾她妹妹。 二、非谓语动词与原因状语从句间的转换 1.当主、从句的主语一致时，可将原因状语从句转换成现在分词短语。 如：Because she was ill，she couldn’t go to school. Being ill，she couldn’t go to school.因为她病了, 所以没能去上学。 As he had worked among the workers，he knew them very well. Having worked among the workers，he knew them very well.由于他曾在工人中工作过, 因此对他们很了解。 2.当主、从句主语一致，且从句的谓语是被动语态，可用过去分词短语转换。 如：As he was born in Shanghai，he knew the city very well. Born in Shanghai，he knew the city very well.由于他出生于上海, 他对这座城市很熟悉。 3.当主、从句的主语不一致时，可把从句转换成分词的独立主格结构。 如：Because everyone in this city knew the teacher，we had no trouble in finding his house. Everyone in this city knowing the teacher，we had no trouble in finding his house.因为这座城市的每个人都认识这位老师, 所以我们没费事就找到了他的住处。 As the key was lost，she couldn’t enter the room . The key lost，she couldn’t enter the room .由于丢了钥匙, 她进不了房间。
高中英语非谓语动词、状语从句测试题 1. ________ a language requires time and effort. A. Learn B. Learning C. To learn D. Being learned 2. It is not always easy ________ invitations. A. to refuse B. refusing C. to be refused D. being refused 3. How __________ the problem will be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting. A. to solve B. to be solved C. being solved D. solving 4. It __________ forty-five minutes __________ there by bus. A. cost, to get B. takes, getting C. takes, to get D. takes, to get to 5. It is no good __________. You should give_________. A. to smoke, it up B. smoking, it up C. smoking, up it D. to smoke, up it 6. He gave us some advice on how ____ English. A. learning B. Learned C. to learn D. learn 7. It ’s a pay day, and they are waiting ____. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to be paid 8. I don’t know whether you happen, but I’m going to study in the U.S.A this September . A．to be heard B. to be hearing C．to hear D. to have heard 9. I forgot _____ my name when I finished ____ the composition. A. to sign, to writing B. to sign, writing C. signing, writing 10. ---You were brave enough to raised objections at the meeting. ---Well, now I regret ____ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done 11. She can’t help ____ the house because she’s busy making a cake. A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned 12. Her wish is __________ an engineer. A. becoming B. become C. to become D. being come 13.Some people’s greatest pleasure is __________. A. fishing B. to fish C. to be fishing D. being fish 14. The report was so _______ that they were all __________. A. inspiring, exciting B. inspiring, excited C. inspired, excited D. inspired, exciting 15. ---“You look pale.” ---“I feel a little __________.” A. tire B. tired C. tiring D. tiresome 16. She said she had an important meeting ______. A. to attend in B. to attend C. attend D. attending 17. He is always the first ______ questions. A. to answer B. answering C. to be answered D. being answered