2011
令狐采学
Money Matters
Parents should help their children understand money. 71 so you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things,candy or toys,for example.
1. The basic function of money
Being explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services.It is important to show your child how money is traded for the thing he wants to have.If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier（收银员）.72 When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money, you can start explaining more complex ways of using money.
2.Money lessons
Approach money lessons with openness and honesty. 73 If you must say no to a child’s request to spend money,explain,”You have enough toy trucks for now.”Or,if the request is for many different things, say.“You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”
3. 74
Begin at the grocery store. Pick put similar brands of a product—a name brand butter and a generic(无商标产品),for example.You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. 75 If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money https://www.doczj.com/doc/b67472777.html,ter,you may explains how the more expensive
choice leaves less money for other purchases.
A. Wise decision.
B. The value of money.
C. Permit the child why he can—or cannot—have certain things.
D. Talk yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.
E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.
F. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.
G. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.
2012
Kids' health: Four steps for fighting stress
Everybody gets stressed from time to time. 71 Some ways of dealing with stress - like screaming or hitting someone - don't solve（解决）much. But other ways, like talking
to someone you trust, can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.
Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed:
(1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who
care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. 72 They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.
(2) Don't take it out on yourself. Sometimes when kids are stressed
and upset they take it out on themselves. Oh, dear, that's not a good idea. Remember that there are always people to help you. Don't take it out on yourself. 73
(3) Try to solve the problem. After you're calm and you have support
from adults and friends, it's time to get down to business. 74 Even if you can't solve it all, you can solve a piece of it.
(4) Be positive. Most stress is temporary (暂时的). Remember stress
does go away, especially when you figure out the problem and start working on solving it.
These steps aren't magic, but they do work. And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, you'll help yourself feel better even faster. 75
A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.
B. Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help them.
C. Different people feel stress in different ways.
D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.
E. You need to figure out what the problem is.
F. And don't forget about your friends.
G. Then, find a way to calm down.
2013.1
Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses
seek to make a profit（利润）— that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. 71 Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. 72
Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business.
73 One is the establishment（制定） of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. 74 The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision（监管）and guidance by the management in authority. 75
A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.
B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.
C.Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and may hospitals.
D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.
E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.
F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.
G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.
2013.2
Public Speaking Training
·Get a coach
51 ，so get help. Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you.
·Focus on positives
Any training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well., so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn't do.
If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of dos and don'ts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about.
54 . As far as we're concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking. Your audience can be your friends.·You are a special person not a clone
Most importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits. 55 . Your training course should help you bring out your
personality, not try to turn you into someone you're not.
A. You aren't like anybody else
B. You already do lots of things well
C. Turn your back on too many rules
D. Check the rules about dos and don'ts
E. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough
F .The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleep
G. So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse
2014*1
The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36. By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the
future holds.
1.Curiosity
Your children need to be deeply curious.37. Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better
next time ?” and then try them out. Ingredients make the pancakes
better? What could we try next time?
2. Creativity
True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new 38. There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.
3.Personal skills
Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We
know what’s going on inside our own head, but what about others?
Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and
jumping to false conclusions.39. “Why do you think she’s
crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his
face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”
4. Self Expression
40 there are many ways to express thoughts and ideas –music,
acting, drawing,building, photography. You may find that your child is
attracted by one more than another.
A.Encourage kids to cook with you.
B.And we can’t forget science education.
C.We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.
D.So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?
E.Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this
skill.
F.We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in
stories.
G.Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable
skill.
2014*2
Tips for cooking on a Tight Schedule
From my experience, there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often: ability, money and time, ____36__Money is a topic I’ll save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule:
1.Think ahead. The moments when I think cooking is a pain are
when I’m already hungry and there is nothing ready to eat. So think about of the coming week. When will you have time to
cook? Do you have the right materials ready?_____37___
2.Make your time worth it. When you do find time to cook a meal,
make the most of it and save yourself time later on. Are you
making one loaf of bread? ___38___ it takes around the same
amount of time to make more of something. So save yourself the effort for a future meal.
3.____39____ This may surprise you, but one of the best tools for
making cooking worth your time is experimentation. It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule. The more you learn and the
more you try, the more ability you have to take control of your
food and your schedule.
Hopefully that gives you a good start. ____40___ and don’t let
a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes
in the way you eat and live!
A. Try new things.
B. Ability is easily improved.
C. Make three or four instead.
D. Understand your food better.
E. Cooking is a burden for many people.
F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.
G. A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later
2015*1
Building Trust in a Relationship Again
Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 36 .That is a risk. But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer
takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been suffer from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore, 37 . It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.? 38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.
?39 If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our
lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.
?You didn’t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left?
Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 Instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.
?Learn to really trust yourself.
?It is putting confidence in someone.
?Stop regarding yourself as the victim.
?Remember that you can expect the best in return.
?They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.
?This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.
?Seeing the p ositive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.
2015*2
Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. 36 , buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. 37 . As always, you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.
During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. 38 , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.
39 . After two weeks, start timing yourself. 40 . Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.
?After six days
?For a good marathon runner
?Before you begin your training
?With each day, increase the distance by a half mile
?If they still feel good, you can begin running in th em
?Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training
?Now you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time
2016*1
Secret codes(密码)keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”
38 You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 20 13 5.”
A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually
mean “Meet me.” 40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.
A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.
C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D.
As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E.
You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F.
With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G.
Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet
2016*2
A garden that’s just right for you
Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts? 16 . But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.
●___17
Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants,
flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料). 18 . However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.
●Recall(回忆)your childhood memories
Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s v egetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s not what’s important. 19 --how being in those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 20 then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.
A. Know why you garden
B. Find a good place for your own garden
C. It’s our experience of the garden that matters
D. It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers
E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants
F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too
G. For each of those gardens, writer down the strongest memory you have
2017.1
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insects bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36 .
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.
37 We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor`s bill for my son`s food poisoning.
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.
38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style. A．This time there was no tent. B．Things are going to be improved. C．The trip they took me on was a rough one. D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. 2017.2
Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. _____36_____,there are several ways to handle things.Let’s take a look at them now.
_____37_____ .Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you,have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then. _____38_____ .It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions. When you need to talk to someone,don’t do it in your own office. _____39_____ ,it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are
If you have a door to your office,make good use of it. _____40_____ .If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter, excuseyourself and let the person kno w you’re busy so they can get the hint(暗示) than when the door is closed,you’re not to be disturbed.
A.If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no
B.When you want to avoid interruptions at work
C.Set boundaries for yourselfas far as your time goes
D.If y ou’re in the other person’s office or in a public area
E.It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available
F.It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you
G.Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’r e not
2017.3
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock. 36 Here’s how to make one.? 37 In order to make a change , you need to decide why it’s important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
?Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 38 That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.?Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 39
?Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40
If not, take another look at other methods you could try.
A. Get a sleep specialist.
B. Find the right motivation.
C. A better plan for sleep can help.
D. And consider setting a second alarm.
E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.
2011
71.G 72.F 73.D 74.A 75.C
2012
71.C 72.F 73.A 74.E 75.D
2013.1
71-75 DCGEA
2013.2
51.【答案】E
【解析】根据下一句ready to offer you public speaking training and courses可知，开头说的是与public speaking 有关的问题，故选E。
52.【答案】B
【解析】根据第一句可知，演讲要集中在自己做过的成功的事情上，故选B。
53.【答案】C
【解析】本段第一句中提到lots of dos and don’ts, walk away!可知，如果有的培训讲太多的条条框框的话，最好不要理会这样的培训，故选C。
54.【答案】G
【解析】根据上一句Your brain is so full of what you’re going to be talking about可知，给大脑灌输一套规则会使事情变得更糟糕。故选G。
55.【答案】A
【解析】根据treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits可知，本段讲的是“与众不同”，故选A。
2014.1
36-40 FACDG
2014.2
2015.1
【答案】36. B37. E 38. 39. C 40. G
【解析】
试题分析：文章主要讲述了一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。
36.B 根据前一句Trset is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences信任是我们从以往经历中获得的学习行为。选项B中的it代指上文刚出现的trust。故选B。
37.E 根据前句Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore.可知他们收到严重的上海且不能忍受再次发生。可知选E。
38. A 根据后句having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.可知此段主要讲述要学会信任自己。可知选A。
39. C根据后句If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance.可知此段主要讲述不要认为自己是受害者。故选C。
40. G根据前一句Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life和后一句instead, it’s a healthy way to work
through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.可知既要看到事情的积极面，也不要忽视所发生的事情。故选G。
考点：议论类短文阅读
2015.2
【答案】36. C37. E38. A39. D40. G
37. E考查对上下文的理解。上文提到：穿着鞋走走路以确保合适，下文提到跑。所以这里应该说如果穿着的感觉很好，就可以跑了。故选E。
38. A考查对上下文的理解。上文提到练习的第一周怎么做，下文提到第二周，所以这里应该是练习一周后稍做休息，一周是6天，故选A。
39. D考查对上下文的理解。这里在讨论逐渐加长跑步的距离，每天增加一定的距离才合理，故选D。
40. G考查对上下文的理解。最后是提速。在规定的距离内如何训练自己跑得快。这样才能参加比赛。故选G。
考点：生活类短文阅读。
2016.1
36 –40 DEGFA
2016.2
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. E 19. C 20. G
【解析】
试题分析：本文属于说明文，美丽的花园能给我们带来美好的视觉享受，文章中给出了两个自己建设花园的的具体建议。16.F 根据前两句提出：你是否参观过那些让你感觉非常好的花园？你也可以自己搞一个属于你自己的花园。故F项“你也可以把你自己的花园搞得那么美好”符合上下文串联。
17. A根据本段前两句可知不两只的园艺有不同的原因，再根据倒数第二句“然而，有很多能解释你为什么想做园艺的原
因”可知我们首先要搞清楚为什么要做园艺，故A正确。18.E 本段前两句提出有些人认为花园只是一些花花草草，有些人关心少用水少用废料。本句仍然在说明人们对园艺的不同看法。故E项“还有其他人只是喜欢在户外接触植物”与上下文一致，也是人们对于园艺的观点。
19.C 根据前句“......那些都不重要”可知划线句强调的是在园艺中对我们来说真正重要的是什么。故C项“重要的是我们搞园艺的经历”符合上下文串联。
20.G 本部分介绍如果我们自己建一个花园，要回忆一下年轻的时候所看到的那些花园，并把这些花园的优点写下来，然后制定计划并把自己的计划变成美丽的花园。故G项与上下文一致。
2017.1 36-40DCAFE
2017.2 36. B37. A38. E39. D40. G
2017.3
36. C 37. B 38. G 39. F
40. E