2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语（江苏卷）
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节, 满分35分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
21. We went right round to the west coast by __________ sea instead of driving across _________
continent.
A. the … the
B. / … the
C. the … /
D. / … /
22. --- Do you mind if I record your lecture?
--- ___________. Go ahead.
A. Never mind
B. No way
C. Not at all
D. No, you’d better not
23. --- Is Peter there?
--- _____________, please. I’ll see if I can find him for you.
A. Hold up
B. Hold on
C. Hold out
D. Hold off
24. The Science Museum, ____________ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of
London’s tourist attractions.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. where
25. --- I can’t repair these until tomorrow, I’m afraid.
--- That’s OK, there’s ____________.
A. no problem
B. no wonder
C. no doubt
D. no hurry
26. --- It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.
--- That’s right. _____________.
A. Many hands make light work
B. Something is better than nothing
C. The more the merrier
D. The sooner begin, the sooner done
27. It is often said that the joy of traveling is __________ in arriving at your destination
___________ in the journey itself.
A. / … but
B. / … or
C. not … or
D. not … but
28. --- Why do you suggest we buy a new machine?
--- Because the old one has been damaged ___________.
A. beyond reach
B. beyond repair
C. beyond control
D. beyond description
29. --- They are quiet, aren’t they?
--- Yes. They are accustomed ____________ at meals.
A. to talk
B. to not talk
C. to talking
D. to not talking
30. It is __________ to spend money on preventing illnesses by promoting healthy living rather
than spending on trying to make people ___________ after they are ill.
A. good … good
B. well … better
C. better … better
D. better … good
31. --- I’m still working on my project.
--- Oh, you’ll miss the deadline. Time is ____________.
A. running out
B. going out
C. giving out
D. losing out
32. __________ you eat the correct foods ___________ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.
A. Only if … will you
B. Only if … you will
C. Unless … will you
D. Unless … you will
33. --- I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
--- I think so. He ___________ for it for months.
A. is preparing
B. was preparing
C. had been preparing
D. has been preparing
34. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ___________ as much as we
can.
A. speak
B. speaking
C. spoken
D. to speak
35. --- I’m sorry. I ___________ at you the other day.
--- Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.
A. shouldn’t shout
B. shouldn’t have shouted
C. mustn’t shout
D. mustn’t have shouted
第二节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打击乐器独奏演员) in spite of her disability.
“Early on I decided not to allow the 36 of others to stop me from becoming a musician. I grew up on a farm in northeast Scotland and began 37 piano lessons when I was eight. The older I got, the more my passion (酷爱) for music grew. But I also began to gradually lose my 38 . Doctors concluded that the nerve damage was the 39 and by age twelve, I was completely deaf. But my love for music never 40 me.
“My 41 was to become a percussion soloist, even though there were none at that time. To perform, I 42 to hear music differently from others. I play in my stocking feet and can 43 the pitch of a note (音调高低) by the vibrations (振动). I feel through my body and through my 44 . My entire sound world exists by making use of almost every 45 that I have.
“I was 46 to be assessed as a musician, not as a deaf musician, and I applied to the famous Royal Academy of Music in London. No other deaf student had 47 this before and some teachers 48 my admission. Based on my performance, I was 49 admitted and went to 50 with the academy’s highest honours.
“After that, I established myself as the first full-time solo percussionist. I 51 and arranged a lot of musical compositions since 52 had been written specially for solo percussionists.
“I have been a soloist for over ten years. 53 the doctor thought a was totally deaf, it didn’t
54 that my passion couldn’t be realized. I would encourage people not to allow themselves to be
55 by others. Follow your passion; follow your heart, they will lead you to the place you want to go.”
36. A. conditions B. opinions C. actions D. recommendations
37. A. enjoying B. choosing C. taking D. giving
38. A. sight B. hearing C. touch D. taste
39. A. evidence B. result C. excuse D. cause
40. A. left B. excited C. accompanied D. disappointed
41. A. purpose B. decision C. promise D. goal
42. A. turned B. learned C. used D. ought
43. A. tell B. see C. hear D. smell
44. A. carefulness B. movement C. imagination D. experience
45. A. sense B. effort C. feeling D. idea
46. A. dissatisfied B. astonished C. determined D. discouraged
47. A. done B. accepted C. advised D. admitted
48. A. supported B. followed C. required D. opposed
49. A. usually B. finally C. possibly D. hopefully
50. A. study B. research C. graduate D. progress
51. A. wrote B. translated C. copied D. read
52. A. enough B. some C. many D. few
53. A. However B. Although C. When D. Since
54. A. mean B. seem C. conclude D. say
55. A. directed B. guided C. taught D. limited
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题，每题2分，满分30分）
A
What time is it? Most people are pretty accurate in their answer. And if you don’t know for sure, it’s a very likely that you can find out. There may be a watch on your wrist, there may be a clock on the wall, desk, or computer screen; or maybe you’re riding in a car that has a clock in the dashboard (仪表板).
Even if you don’t have a timepiece of some sort nearby, your body keeps its own beat. Humans have an internal clock that regulates (调节) the beating of our heart, the pace of our breathing, the discharge (排出) of chemicals within our bloodstream, and many other bodily functions.
Time is something from which we can’t escape. Even if we ignore it, it’s still going by, ticking away, second by second, minute by minute, hour by hour. So the main issue in using your time well is, “Who’s in charge?” We can allow time to slip by and let it be our enemy. Or we can take control of it and make it our ally.
By taking control of how you spend your time, you’ll increase your chances of becoming a more successful student. Perhaps more importantly, the better you are at managing the time you devote to your studies, the more time you’ll have to spend on your outside interests.
The aim of time management is not to schedule every moment so we become slaves of a timetable that governs every waking moment of the day. Instead, the aim is to make informed choices as to how we use our time. Rather than letting the day go by, largely without our awareness, what we are going to discuss next can make us better able to control time for our own purposes.
56. The underlined word “ally”in Para. 3 more likely means somebody or something that is
_________.
A. your slave and serves you
B. your supporter and helps you
C. under your control and obeys you
D. under your influence and follows you
57. The author intends to tell us that time _____________.
A. could be regulated by a timepiece such as a clock or a watch
B. could be managed by the internal clock of human bodies
C. should be well managed for our own interest
D. should be saved for outside interests
58. In the next part, the author would most probably discuss with you ________.
A. how to keep up with the times
B. how to make up for lost time
C. how to have a good time
D. how to make good use of time
B
We experience different forms of the Sun’s energy every day. We can see its light and feel its warmth. The Sun is the major source of evaporation (蒸发) of water from the oceans and lakes. Sunlight also provides the energy used by green plants to make their own food. These green plants then provide food for all organisms (生物) on the Earth.
Much of the energy that comes from the Sun never reaches the Earth’s surface. It is either reflected or absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere. Of the energy that reaches the lower atmosphere, 30% is reflected by clouds or the Earth’s surface. The remaining 70% warms the surface of the planet, causes water to evaporate, and provides energy for the water cycle and weather. Only a tiny part, approximately 0.023%, is actually used by green plants to produce food.
Many gases found in the atmosphere actually reflect heat energy escaping from the Earth’s surface back to the Earth. These gases act like the glass of a greenhouse in that they allow energy from the Sun to enter but prevent energy from leaving. They are therefore called greenhouse gases.
When sunlight strikes an object, some of the energy is absorbed and some is reflected. The amount reflected depends on the surface. For example, you’ve probably noticed how bright snow is when sunlight falls on it. Snow reflects most of the energy from the Sun, so it contributes to the low temperatures of winter. Dark-coloured surfaces, such as dark soil or forest, absorb more energy and help warm the surrounding air.
59. According to the passage, the root cause for weather changes on the Earth is ______.
A. the atmosphere surrounding the Earth
B. water from oceans and lakes
C. energy from the Sun
D. greenhouse gases in the sky
60. Only a small part of the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s surface because most of it
_______________.
A. absorbed by the clouds in the lower atmosphere
B. reflected by the gases in the upper atmosphere
C. lost in the upper and lower atmosphere
D. used to evaporate water from the oceans and lakes
61. We learn from the passage that _______________.
A. all living things on the Earth depend on the Sun for their food
B. a forest looks dark in winter because it absorbs solar energy
C. only 0.023% of the energy from the Sun is made use of on the Earth
D. greenhouse gases allow heat energy to escape from the Earth’s surface
A. leave all their carried items at the checkrooms
B. have all their carried items x-rayed at the entrance
C. take all their carried items with them without inspection
D. have all their carried items inspected at the entrance
63. What does the Gallery feel sorry for?
A. Visitors have to keep their valuable items in the checkrooms.
B. The size of visitor items allowed into the Gallery is limited.
C. It cannot keep oversized visitor items due to limited space.
D. Visitor items over 17×26 inches must go through additional checks.
64. Parents with small children visiting the Gallery _____________.
A. can carry their children in soft front child carriers
B. can carry their children on their shoulders
C. can carry their children in child carriers worn on the back
D. ought to pay if they want to use pushchairs for their children
65. Visiting photographers should make sure that __________.
A. pictures and videos are allowed for personal use anywhere in the Gallery
B. pictures and videos can be taken in some places for personal use
C. picture-taking and videoing are totally forbidden in the Gallery
D. tripods are allowed except in some special exhibitions
D
It had been some time since Jack had seen the old man. College, carrier, and life itself got in the way. In fact, Jack moved clear across the country in pursuit of the dreams. There, in the rush of his busy life, Jack had little time to think about the past and often no time to spend with his wife and son. He was working on his future, and nothing could stop him.
Over the phone, his mother told him, “Mr. Belser died last night. The funeral is Wednesday.”Memories fleshed through his mind like an old newsreel as he sat quietly remembering his childhood days.
“Jack, did you hear me?”
“Oh, sorry, Mom. Yes, I heard you. it’s been so long since I thought of him. I’m sorry, but I honestly thought he died years ago,” Jack said.
“Well, he didn’t forget you. Every time I saw him he’d ask how you were doing. He’d reminisce (回忆) about the many days you spent over ‘his side of the fence’ as he put it, ” Mom told him.
“I loved that old house he lived in,” Jack said.
“You know, Jack, after your father died, Mr. Belser stepped in to make sure you had a man’s influence in your life,” she said.
“He’s the one who taught me carpentry. I wouldn’t be in this business if it weren’t for him. He spent a lot of time teaching me things he thought were important. Mom, I’ll be there for the funeral.” Jack said.
Busy as he was, he kept his word. Jack caught the next flight to his hometown. Mr. Belser’s funeral was small and uneventful. He had no children of his own, and most of his relatives had passed away.
The night before he had to return home, Jack and his Mom stopped by to see the old house next door one more time, which was exactly as he remembered. Every step held memories. Every picture, every piece of furniture … Jack stopped suddenly.
“What’s wrong, Jack?” his Mom asked.
“The box is gone,” he said.
“What box?” Mom asked.
“There was a small gold box that he kept locked on top of his desk. I must have asked him a thousand times what was inside. All he’d ever tell me was ‘the thing I value most’,” Jack said.
It was gone. Everything about the house was exactly how Jack remembered it, except for the box. He figured someone from the Belser family had taken it.
“Now I’ll never know what was so valuable to him,” Jack said sadly.
Returning to his office the next day, he found a package on his desk. The return address caught his attention.
“Mr. Harold Belser” it read.
Jack tore open the package. There inside was the gold box and an envelope. Jack’s hands shook as he read the note inside,
“Upon my death, please forward this box and its contents to Jack Bernett. It’s the thing I valued most in my life.” A small key was taped to the letter. His heart racing, and tears filling his eyes. Jack carefully unlocked the box. There inside he found a beautiful gold pocket watch. Running his fingers slowly over the fine cover, he opened it.
Inside he found these words carved: “Jack. Thanks for your time! Harold Belser.”
“Oh. My God! This is the thing he valued most …”
Jack held the watch for a few minutes, then called his assistant and cleared his appointments for the next two days. “Why?” his assistant asked.
“I need some time to spend with my son,” he said.
66. Why did Jack think Mr. Belser died years ago?
A. College and career prevented him from remembering Mr. Belser.
B. Jack was too busy with his business and family to think about Mr. Belser.
C. Jack was too busy realizing his dreams to think about Mr. Belser.
D. His present busy life washed away his children memories.
67. Jack’s mother told him on the phone about Mr. Belser EXCEPT that _________.
A. Mr. Belser often asked how Jack was doing
B. Mr. Belser’s funeral would take place on Wednesday
C. Mr. Belser had asked for Jack’s mailing address
D. Mr. Belser had pleasant memories of their time together
68. Why did Belser send Jack his gold watch?
A. Because he was grateful for Jack’s time with him.
B. Because he had no children or relatives.
C. Because he thought he had to keep his word.
D. Because Jack had always wanted it during his childhood.
69. Why did Jack say he needed some time to spend with his son?
A. He was very tired of his work and wanted to have a good rest.
B. He had promised to spare more time to stay with his son.
C. He had missed his son and his family for days.
D. He came to realize the importance of the time with his family.
70. Which of the following is the most suitable title for this passage?
A. The Good Old Times
B. What He Valued Most
C. An Old Gold Watch
D. The Lost Childhood Days
第四部分：任务型阅读(共10小题，每小题１分，满分10分)
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应的横线上。
Teamwork is just as important in science as it is on the playing field or in the gym. Scientific investigations (调查) are almost always carried out by teams of people working together. Ideas are shared, experiences are designed, data are analyzed, and results are evaluated and shared with other investigators. Group work is necessary, and is usually more productive than working alone.
Several times throughout the year you may be asked to work with one or more of your classmates. Whatever teh task your group is assigned, a few rules need to be followed to ensure a productive and successful experience.
What comes first is to keep an open mind, becasue everyone’s ideas deserve consideration and each group member can make his or her own contribution. Secondly, it makes a job easier to divide the group task among all group members. Choose a role on the team that is best suited to your particular strengths. Thirdly, always work together, take turns, and encourage each other by listening, clarifying, and trusting one another. Mutual support and trust often make a great difference.
Activities like investigations are most effective when done by small groups. Here are some more suggestions for effective team performance during these activities: Make sure each group member understands and agrees to the task given to him or her, and everyone knows exactly when, why and what to do; take turns doing various tasks during similar and repeated activities; be aware of where other group members are and what they are doing so as to ensure safety; be responsible for your own learning, though it is by no means unwise to compare your observations with those of other group members.
When there is research to be done, divide the topic into several areas, and this can explore the issue in a very detailed way. You are encouraged to keep records of the sources used each person, which helps you trace back to the origin of the problems that may happen unexpectedly. A format for exchanging information (e.g. photocopies of notes, oral discussion, etc.) is also important, for a well-chosen method not only strengthens what you present but also makes yourself easily understood. When the time comes to make a decision and take a position on an issue, allow for the contributions of each member of the group. Most important of all, it is always wise to make decisions by compromise and agreement.
After you’ve completed a task with your team, make an evaluation of the team’s
2015江苏高考英语试卷 二、单选 21. The number of smokers, ______ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in the past one year. A. it B. which C. that D. as 22. Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to _____ to their greatest potential. A. accelerate B. improve C. perform D. develop 23. –Jim, can you work…..? --_____? I’ve been working two weeks on end. A. Why me B. Why not C. What if D. So what 24. Much time______ sitting at a desk, office workers are generally trapped by health problems. A. being spent B. having spent C. spent D. to spend 25. _____ Li Hua, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but…. A. That B. Why C. Where D. How 26. It is so cold that you can’t go outside______ fully covered in thick clothes. A. if B. unless C. once D. when 27. The university started some new language programmes to _______ the country’s Silk Road Economic Belt. A. apply to B. cater for C. appeal to D. … 28. It might have saved me much trouble______ the schedule. A. did I know B. have I known C. do I know D. had I known 29. The whole team ______ Donald, and he seldom let them down. A. wait on B. focus on C. count on D. call on
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷） 历史试题 21.（13分) 著名学者余英时指出:科举不是一个单纯的考试制度,它将社会结构紧密地联系了起来,形成一个多面互动的整体,一直发挥着无形的统合功能。阅读下列材料: 材料一科举之善,在能破朋党之私。……前此选举,皆权在举之之人,士有应举之才,而 举不之及,夫固无如之何。既可(科举),……不能应试者,有司虽欲徇私举之而不得;苟能 应试,终必有若干人可以获举也。此实选举之官徇私舞弊之限制。 ———吕思勉《中国制度史》材料二渐渐地,这些考试(指科举)开始集中于文学体裁和儒家正统观念,最后的结果是形成一种制度,为中国提供了一种赢得欧洲人尊敬和羡慕的、有效稳定的行政管理。……只要中国仍相对地孤立在东亚,它就会继续提供稳定性和连续性。 ———(美)斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》材料三作为一种上千年的文化存在,科举显然有其客观的历史合理性,否则我们就无法解释其存在的持久性。……科举的创新之处就在不仅为社会底层的知识分子提供了持续流动的可能,而且将其制度化。……科举制度的最大合理性在于它那“朝为田舍郎,暮登天子堂冶式的“机会均等冶……的机制,对知识分子的社会心理是一种塑造,客观上激励了个人的奋斗精神。 ———薛明扬《中国传统文化概论》 请回答: (1)据材料一,结合所学知识,指出汉晋时期的选官制度,并通过与上述选官制度的比较, 说明科举制的历史进步性。(7分) (2)据材料二,结合所学知识,说明科举制所具有的政治、思想以及整体的统合功能。(3分) (3)据材料三,说明科举制对于现代人才选拔的历史借鉴价值。(3分) 22. (13 分) 史家有时会修正自己对历史的认识,萧公权的康有为研究即为一例。阅读下列材料:
2020届江苏高三高考数学全真模拟试卷09 数学试题I 一、 填空题：本大题共14小题，每小题5分，共70分．不需要写出解答过程，请把答案直接填写在相应位置上． 1. 函数y ＝x －1的定义域为A ，函数y ＝lg(2－x)的定义域为B ，则A∩B ＝____________． 答案：[1，2) 解析：易知A ＝[1，＋∞)，B ＝(－∞，2)，A∩B ＝[1，2)． 2. 已知????1＋2 i 2 ＝a ＋bi(a 、b ∈R ，i 为虚数单位)，则a ＋b ＝__________． 答案：－7 解析：∵ 2i ＝－2i ，∴ (1＋2 i )2＝(1－2i)2＝－3－4i ，∴ a ＝－3，b ＝－4，a ＋b ＝－7. 3. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，已知双曲线x 29－y 2 m ＝1的一个焦点为(5，0)，则实数m ＝________． 答案：16 解析：由题知a 2＋b 2＝9＋m ＝25，∴ m ＝16. 4. 样本容量为100的频率分布直方图如图所示，由此估计样本数据落在[6，10]内的频数为________． (第4题) 答案：32 解析：[6，10]内的频数为100×0.08×4＝32. 5. “φ＝π 2”是“函数y ＝sin(x ＋φ)的图象关于y 轴对称”的__________条件． 答案：充分不必要
解析：当φ＝π2时，y ＝sin(x ＋π2)＝cosx 为偶函数，当y ＝sin(x ＋φ)为偶函数时，φ＝kπ＋π 2， 6. 已知S n 为等差数列{a n }的前n 项和，a 1＝－1，S 3＝6，则S 6＝________． 答案：39 解析：由题设知a 1＝－1，a 2＋a 3＝7，从而d ＝3，从而a 6＝－1＋5d ＝14，S 6＝(－1＋14)×6 2＝39. 7. 函数y ＝ 1 lnx (x≥e)的值域是________． 答案：(0，1] 解析：y ＝ 1 lnx 为[e ，＋∞)上单调递减函数，从而函数值域为(0，1] 8. 执行下面的程序图，那么输出n 的值为____________． 答案：6 解析：由题知流程图执行如下： 第1次 ?????n ＝2，S ＝1，第2次 ?????n ＝3，S ＝3，第3次 ?????n ＝4，S ＝7，第4次 ?????n ＝5，S ＝15， 第5次 ? ????n ＝6， S ＝31.停止输出n ＝6. (第8题) 9. 在1，2，3，4四个数中随机地抽取1个数记为a ，再在剩余的三个数中随机地抽取1个数记为b ，则“a b 是整数”的概率为____________． 答案：13 解析：由题设可求出基本事件如下：(1，2)，(1，3)，(1，4)，(2，1)，(2，3)，(2，4)，(3，1)，(3，2)，(3，4)，(4，1)，(4，2)，(4，3)．
2004年高考语文试题（江苏卷）及答案 第一卷(选择题共42分) 一、(18分，每小题3分) 1．下列词语中加点的字，读音不全都相同的一组是 A．拜谒哽咽液晶弃甲曳兵奖掖后进 B．虔诚乾坤掮客潜移默化黔驴技穷 C．山麓贿赂辘轳戮力同心碌碌无为 D．阡陌悭吝翩跹谦谦君子牵强附会 2．下列词语中，没有错别字的一组是 A．晦涩待价而估茶毒生灵差之毫厘，谬以千里 B．杜撰杀一儆百欲盖弥彰胜不娇，败不馁 C．斑驳集腋成裘毛骨悚然欲加之罪，何患无辞 D．端祥轻歌曼舞焕然一新玉不琢，不成器 3．下列句子标点符号使用正确的是 A．桃花开了，红得像火；梨花开了，白得像雪；郁金香也开了，黄色、紫色交相辉映，好一派万紫千红的灿烂春光。 B．公司常年坚持节能管理的月考核、季评比、年结算制度、能耗预测制度和能源跟踪分析制度，做到节能工作常抓不懈。 C．中国足球的球迷们现在真的感到很迷惘，面对这片绿茵场，不知道是继续呐喊助威呢，还是干脆掉头而去? D．“守株待兔”的“株”是什么呢?《说文解字》的解释是“木根也”，段玉裁在注释时则说得更明确：“今俗语云桩。” 4．依次填人下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是 ①随着社会的发展，——教育越来越引起人们的关注。 ②分91j二十多年后，同学们再相聚时，我已经很难——出小学时的同桌了。 ③这里出产的绿茶久负盛名，要仔细——才能领略到它的妙处。 A．终身辨认品尝 B．终身辨别品评 C．终生辨别品尝 D．终生辨认晶评 5．下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一项是 A．我国许多城市都建立了食品质量报告制度，定期向社会公布有关部门的检验结果，从而使那些劣质食品在劫难逃。‘ B．交易会展览大厅里陈列的一件件色泽莹润、玲珑剔透的玉雕工艺品，受到了来自世界各地客商的青睐。 C．只见演员手中的折扇飞快闪动，一张张生动传神的戏剧脸谱稍纵即逝，川剧的变脸绝技赢得了观众的一片喝彩。 D．现在，许多家长望子成龙的心情过于急切，往往不切实际地对孩子提出过高的要求，其结果常常是弄巧成拙。 6．下列各句中，没有语病的一项是 A．有人认为科学家终日埋头科研，不问家事，有点儿不近人情，然而事实却是对这种偏见的最好说明。
2018年江苏高考英语试题答案解析 21.By boat is the only way to get here,which is_______we arrived. A.where B.when C.why D.how 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：乘船是到达这里唯一的途径，这就是我们如何到达的。分析which引导的非限定性定语从句可知，后面为表语从句。分析句意可知，这里用连接副词how引导表语从句，充当方式状语，表示“如何”。故选D。 拓展：本题考查表语。首先需要弄清句意及分析句子结构，然后根据前句By boat is the only way to get here提示可知作方式状语，就不难选出正确答案。 22.Kids shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might_______the things they see. A.indicate B.investigate C.imitate D.innovate 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：孩子不应该接触暴力电影，因为他们也许会模仿他们所见的事情。A.indicate指示；B.investigate调查；C.imitate模仿；D.innovate改革。故选C。 拓展：本题考查动词辨析。动词和动词短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点，解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生在平时学习过程中要注重动词和动词短语的识记与掌握。 23.Self-driving is an area_______China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line. A.that B.where C.which D.when 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in which。故选B。拓展：本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需抓住两点：1.找准先行词。2.看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 历史（江苏） 一、选择题：本大题共20题，每题3分，共计60分。在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项最符合题目要求。 1．“齐人”“鲁人”“楚人”这种表述，逐渐让位于以行政区划为籍贯的表述，造成这一变化的制度因素是 A．分封制B．宗法制 C．郡县制D．三省六总部 2．“脱帽露顶王公前，挥毫落纸如云烟”，杜甫的这句诗描述了当时一位书法家的创作情景，这位书法家是 A．王羲之B．张旭C．颜真聊D．柳公权3．唐太宗说：“以天下之广，四海之众，千端万绪，须合变通，皆委百司商量，宰相筹划，于事稳便，方可奏行。岂得以一日万机，独断一人之虑也。”材料表明他主张 A．发挥宰相等大臣的仪政权B．群权与相权相互制后衡 C．中央权力重心应当下移D．君主不应实现专制统治 4．在唐诗和唐三彩中骆驼和胡人逐渐成为浒的文化符号，造成这一现象的原因是 ①民族融合的加强②丝绸之路的畅通 ③文化政策的开放④古代商帮的推动 A．①②④B．②③④C．①②③D．①②③④ 5．张之洞说：“臣愚以为华民所需外洋之物，必悉行仿造，虽不尽断来源，亦可渐开风气。”这表明他主张 A．仿效西方政治制度B．兴办近代军事工业 C．创办近代民用工业D．学习西方自然科学 6．1869年，《教会新报》的一篇文章写道：“外国生产皆男医接生，虽经此例，似不成规矩。……男归男医，女归女医，岂不至善！”材料反映出当时的中国 A．虽已开放，但人们思想还比较保守 B．西方男女平等观念逐渐深入人心 C．旧的风俗习惯受到西方民族思潮的冲击 D．人们难以接受西方医学知识 7．如果看到右侧漫画，下列人物中最为愤慨的可能是 A．魏源B．林则徐 C．洪仁轩D．严复 8．至20世纪初，“外贷风行，土布渐归淘汰”，洋布战胜土布，最根本的武器是 A．洋布外观漂亮B．洋布广告弃斥 C．洋布引领时尚D．洋布价格低廉 9．下图是一本连环画的封面，该书讲述了孙家庄农民孙志刚的故事，图中的“社”指的是
绝密★启用前 2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷） 数 学 本试卷分第I 卷（填空题）和第II 卷（解答题）两部分．考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上，在本试卷上答题无效．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回． 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的 准考证号、姓名，并将条形码粘贴在指定位置上． 2．选择题答案使用2B 铅笔填涂，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；非选 择题答案使用0.5毫米的黑色中性（签字）笔或炭素笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚． 3．请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效． 4．保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损． 5．作选考题时，考生按照题目要求作答，并用2B 铅笔在答题卡上把所选题目对应的标号涂 黑． 参考公式： 样本数据1x ，2x ， ，n x 的标准差 锥体体积公式 s = 13 V Sh = 其中x 为样本平均数 其中S 为底面面积、h 为高 柱体体积公式 球的表面积、体积公式 V Sh = 24πS R =，34π3 V R = 其中S 为底面面积，h 为高 其中R 为球的半径 一、填空题：本大题共14小题，每小题5分，共70分． 1．)6 cos()(π ω- =x x f 最小正周期为 5 π ，其中0>ω，则=ω ▲ 2．一个骰子连续投2次，点数和为4的概率 ▲ 3． ),(11R b a bi a i i ∈+-+表示为的形式，则b a += ▲ 4．{} 73)1(2 -<-=x x x A ，则集合A Z 中有 ▲ 个元素 5．b a ,的夹角为 120，1,3a b == ，则 5a b -= ▲ 6．在平面直角坐标系xoy 中，设D 是横坐标与纵坐标的绝对值均不大于2的点构成的区域，E 是到原点的距离不大于1的点构成的区域，向D 中随机投一点，则落入E 中的概率 ▲
江苏高考英语试卷 二、单选 21. The number of smokers, ______ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in the past one year. A. it B. which C. that D. as 22. Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to _____ to their greatest potential. A. accelerate B. improve C. perform D. develop 23. –Jim, can you work…..? --_____? I’ve been working two weeks on end. A. Why me B. Why not C. What if D. So what 24. Much time______ sitting at a desk, office workers are generally trapped by health problems. A. being spent B. having spent C. spent D. to spend 25. _____ Li Hua, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but…. A. That B. Why C. Where D. How 26. It is so cold that you can’t go outside______ fully covered in thick clothes. A. if B. unless C. once D. when 27. The university started some new language programmes to _______ the country’s Silk Road Economic Belt. A. apply to B. cater for C. appeal to D. … 28. It might have saved me much trouble______ the schedule. A. did I know B. have I known C. do I know D. had I known 29. The whole team ______ Donald, and he seldom let them down. A. wait on B. focus on C. count on D. call on 30. The reason why prices ______ and still are too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactory can explain this problem. A. were B. will be C. have been D. had been 31. The police officers decided to conduct a thorough, and ______ review of the case. A. comprehensive B. complicated C. suspicious D. … 32. Some schools will have to make _______ in agreement with the national social reform. A. judgments B. adjustments C. comments D. achievements 33. –Why didn’t you invite John to your birthday party? -- Well, you know he’s______. A.an early bird B. a wet blanket C. a lucky dog D. a tough nut 34. Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around_______ Thomas Edison. A. thanks to B. regardless of C. aside from D. but for 35. –Go and say sorry to your mom, Dave? -- I’d like to, but I’m afraid Mom would not accept my______. A. requests B. excuses C. apologies D. regrets
实用文档 2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 历史（江苏） 一、选择题：本大题共20题，每题3分，共计60分。在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项最符合题目要求。 1．“齐人”“鲁人”“楚人”这种表述，逐渐让位于以行政区划为籍贯的表述，造成这一变化的制度因素是 A．分封制B．宗法制 D ．郡县制C ．三省六总部 2．“脱帽露顶王公前，挥毫落纸如云烟”，杜甫的这句诗描述了当时一位书法家的创作情景，这位书法家是 A．王羲之B．张旭C．颜真聊D．柳公权 3．唐太宗说：“以天下之广，四海之众，千端万绪，须合变通，皆委百司商量，宰相筹划，于事稳便，方可奏行。岂得以一日万机，独断一人之虑也。”材料表明他主张 A．发挥宰相等大臣的仪政权B．群权与相权相互制后衡 D ．君主不应实现专制统治C．中央权力重心应当下移 4．在唐诗和唐三彩中骆驼和胡人逐渐成为浒的文化符号，造成这一现象的原因是 ①民族融合的加强②丝绸之路的畅通 ④古代商帮的推动③文化政策的开放 C．①②③①②④D．①②③④B ．②③④A．5．张之洞说：“臣愚以为华民所需外洋之物，必悉行仿造，虽不尽断来源，亦可渐开风气。”这表明他主张 A．仿效西方政治制度B．兴办近代军事工业 D ．学习西方自然科学C．创办近代民用工业 6．1869年，《教会新报》的一篇文章写道：“外国生产皆男医接生，虽经此例，似不成规矩。…… 男归男医，女归女医，岂不至善！”材料反映出当时的中国 ．虽已开放，但人们思想还比较保守A ．西方男女平等观念逐渐深入人心B C．旧的风俗习惯受到西方民族思潮的冲击D．人们难以接受西方医学知识7．如果看到右侧漫画，下列人物中最为愤慨的可能是BA．魏源．林则徐D．严复C．洪仁轩“外贷风行，土布渐归淘汰”，洋布战胜土布，最根本的武器是208．至世纪初，．洋布广告弃斥B A．洋布外观漂
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏卷) 英语 第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分) 第一节:单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 21.We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance ofcoming true. A. which B.what C. when D. that 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。 22.The musician along with his band members ________ ten performancesin the last three months. A. gives B.has given C.havegiven D.give 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除AD选项。本句主语为the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
23.The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ________ theyneed medical assistance. A. if only B.as if C. eventhough D.in case 【答案】D 【详解】考查状语从句的连词。句意：医生给了病人他的手机号码，以防病人需要医疗援助。A. if only要是……多好；B. as if好像，仿佛； C. even though即使，尽管； D. in case以备，以防，免得。故选D符合语境。 24.More wind power stations will ________ to meet the demand forclean energy. A. Takeup B.clearup C.holdup D. spring up 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：为了满足对清洁能源的需求，更多的风力发电站将会被建立起来。A. take up开始从事，占领，开始干（工作）； B. clear up整理，收拾，解决（问题）； C. hold up（论点、理论等）站得住脚，阻挡，举起； D. spring up出现，涌现。故选D。 25.Scientists have obtained more evidence ________ plastic is findingits way into the human body. A. what B.that C. which D. where 【答案】B
2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷） 一、选择题：本大题共20题，每题3分，共计60分。在每小题列出的四个选项中， 只有一项最符合题目要求。 1. 柳宗元《封建论》载：“时有叛国而无叛郡，秦制之得，亦以明矣。"符合这一论断历史时期是 A．秦朝 B．西汉C．南北朝D．唐朝2．诗人左思在其《咏史》中沉郁悲歌：“世胄蹑高位，英俊沉下僚。地势使之然，由来非一朝。”造成这一社会状况的制度原因是 A．征辟制 B．察举制 C．九品中正制 D．科举制3．“元起朔方，固已崇尚释教(佛教)，及得西域，世祖以其地广而险远，……思有以因其俗而柔其人，乃郡县土番之地，设官分职，而领之于帝师。"这里的“官"隶属于 A．宣政院 B．中书省 C．理藩院 D．行中书省4．东汉南阳太守杜诗“造作水排，铸为农器，用力少，见功多，百姓便之"。“水排"主要应用于 A．灌溉 B．制瓷C．耕种 D．冶铁 5．“圣人不责人之必能，是以人人皆可以为圣。”这句话最符合下列哪位思想家的主张? A．朱熹 B．李贽C．陆九渊 D．黄宗羲 6．右图展示了近代某一次重要战役，对此叙述正确的是 A．战役结束后清舰队全军覆没 B．清朝军民反割台斗争的关键战役 C．清军将领邓世昌于此役壮烈殉国
D．战役发生于清军运兵朝鲜途中 7．近代史上，顽固派“其貌则孔也，其心则夷也”的指责主要针对下列哪位人物的思想主张 A．魏源 B．李鸿章 C．康有为 D．孙中山 8．“所谓立宪政体，所谓国民政治，果能实现与否，纯然以多数国民能否对于政治，自觉其居于主人的主动的地位为唯一根本之条件。"这反映陈独秀提倡新文化运动的根本出发点是 A．传播西方进化论与人性思想 B．打击袁世凯尊孑L复古行径 C．抨击立宪道路号召暴力革命 D．批判封建思想唤醒民众觉悟 9．徐珂《清稗类钞》记述：“先由男子陈志愿于父母，得父母允准，即延介绍人约期订邀男会晤，男女同意，婚约始定。”这反映晚清婚俗的变化是 A．媒妁之言控制婚约缔定 B．婚姻尊重当事人的意愿 C．婚姻听凭父母安排 D．婚姻仪式简约文明 10．某年9月6日重庆《大公报》社评：“自上月20日以来，我军在北方发动了大规模的运动战。平汉、正太、同蒲三路同时发动反攻，铁路到处被破坏，冀晋豫三省同时报捷。斩获既多，并克复了重要据点。"据此推断该战事应是 A．百团大战 B．平型关战役 C．太原会战 D．台儿庄战役11．右图反映了国民政府统治时期某一经济状况，对图中信息解读正确的是 A．抗战胜利后政府获得大量经济赔偿 B．国民经济建设运动刺激了货币发行 C．货币大量增发给民族工业巨大压力
2008年高考语文试题（江苏卷） 一、字音 A、识别/博闻强识模仿/装模做样剥削/生吞活剥 B、朝圣/朝令夕改提防/提心吊胆绿茵/绿林好汉 C、箴言/箴默蠕动/耳濡目染粗犷/旷日持久 D、湍急/惴惴不安讳言/经天纬地勘察/堪称一绝 二、成语正确的一项 A．无所不为（感情色彩不当） B．安土重迁（语意相反） C．淋漓尽致 D．不耻下问（对象不当） 三、病句 A．语序不当 B．成分残缺 C．搭配不当 D． 四、提取三个关键词 环境影响评价就是指对政策，计划，规划及其替代方案的环境进行规划的，系统的，综合的评价过程，包括根据评价结果提交的书面报告和把评价结果应用与决策之中。 五、有高中生家长还接送高中生上学与放学。对此，有人赞成，有人反对。 ①请说出赞成的两点理由，用陈述句表述。（不超过30字） ②请说出反对的两点理由，要针对上述理由，并且用反问句表述。（不超过30字） 文言文阅读材料： 文言文阅读材料：危战选自《后汉书。吴汉传》 凡与敌战，若陷在危亡之地，当激励将士决死而战，不可怀生，则胜。法曰：“兵士甚陷，则不惧。”① 后汉将吴汉讨公孙述，进入犍为界。诸县皆城守。汉攻广都，拔之。遣轻骑烧成都市桥，武阳以东诸小城皆降。帝戒汉曰：“成都十余万众，不可轻也。但坚据广都，待其来攻，勿与争锋。若不敢来，公须转营迫之，须其力疲，乃可击也。”汉不听，乘利遂自将步骑二万余人进逼成都，去城十余里，阻江北为营，作浮桥，使别将刘尚将万余人屯于江南，相去二十余里。帝大惊，责汉曰：“比敕公千条万端，何意临事悖乱？既轻敌深入，又与尚别营，事有缓急，不复相及。贼若出兵缀公，以大众攻尚，尚破，公即败矣。幸无他者，急率兵还广都。”诏书未到，述果遣其将谢丰、袁吉将众十余万出攻汉；使别将[将]万余人劫刘尚，令不得相救。汉与大战一日，兵败走入壁，丰围之。汉召诸将厉之曰：“吾与诸将逾越险阻，转战千里，所在斩获，遂深入敌地，今至城下，而与尚二处受围，势既不接，其祸难量。欲潜师就尚于江南御之。若能同心协力，人自为战，大功可立，如其不然，败必无余。成败之机，在此一举。”诸将皆曰：“诺。”于是，飨士秣马，闭营三日不出，乃多立幡旗，使烟火不绝，夜衔枚引兵与尚合军。丰等不觉，明日，乃分兵拒江北，自将攻江南。汉悉兵迎战，自旦至哺，遂大败之，斩谢丰、袁吉。于是，率兵还广都，留刘尚拒述，具以状闻，而深自谴责。帝报曰：“公还广都，甚得其宜，述必不敢略尚而击公。若先攻尚，公从广都五十里悉步骑赴之，适当值其危困，破之必矣。”
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷） 英语 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.15. C. ￡9.18. 答案是B。 1. What do the speakers need to buy? A. A fridge. B. A dinner table. C. A few chairs. 2. Where are the speakers? A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. In a school. 3. What does the woman mean? A. Cathy will be at the party. B. Cathy is too busy to come. C. Cathy is going to be invited. 4. Why does the woman plan to go to town? A. To pay her bills in the bank. B. To buy books in a bookstore. C. To get some money from the bank. 5. What is the woman trying to do? A. Finish some writing. B. Print an article. C. Find a newspaper. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；
2007年(江苏)高考试题历史卷 －、选择题：本大题共24小题，每小题3分，共计72分。在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。 1、中国古代某项水利工程兴建后，当地出现了“水旱从人，不知饥馑，时无荒年，天下谓之天府”的景象。该水利工程的始建者是 A、孙叔敖 B、管仲 C、李冰 D、郑国 2、平灭六国后，秦始皇“一法度、衡石、丈尺。车同轨，书同文字”。其中“书同文字”是指把以下哪种字体作为全国统一的官方书体？ 3、东晋南朝时期，江南经济迅速发展，乃至有“江南之为国盛矣”的赞叹。该时期江南开发的主要因素不包括 A、北方大量人口南迁 B、民族融合进一步加强 C、统治者推行劝课农桑等政策 D、农产品商品化程度高 4、右图为《元朝疆域图》，其中宣政院管辖的地区是 A、① B、② C、③ D、④ 5、中国古代历史上屡次出现的南北分裂或对峙，最终多以北方政权统一南方政权为结局。以下哪次统一却改变了这一“定势”？ A、隋朝统一 B、北宋统一 C、明朝统一 D、清朝统一 6、下列图片中的情景应出现在哪两次战争期间？ ①鸦片战争②第二次鸦片战争③甲午中日战争④八国联军侵华战争 A、①② B、③④ C、②④ D、①④ 7、中国无产阶级的产生先于中国资产阶级，造成这种现象的原因是 A、外国资本主义在中国的早期资本输出 B、外国资本主义在中国倾销商品 C、外国资本主义压迫和束缚中国资产阶级 D、外国资本主义在中国掠夺原料 8、戊戌变法、新文化运动是中国近代化历程中的重大事件。下列关于两者共同点的表述，错误的是 A、都是近代中国的思想解放运动 B、都提倡民权和西学 C、都始于反对袁世凯的倒行逆施 D、都抨击封建思想文化 9、“万户涕泪，一人冠冕，其心尚有共和两字存耶？既志共和，即称民贼。”这是1915年底一篇宣言中的内容，发表此宣言的是 A、梁启超 B、黄兴 C、孙中山 D、蔡锷 10、 2005年4月29日，中共中央总书记胡锦涛会见中国国民党主席连战，这是60年来国共两党领导人的首次握手。国共两党历史上曾有过两次合作，这两次合作正式实现的标志是 ①中国国民党第一次全国代表大会举行 ②中共驻共产国际代表团发表“八一宣言” ③国民党公布中共中央提交的国共合作宣言 ④国共两党代表签署《政府与中共代表会谈纪要》 A、①② B、①③ C、②③ D、②④
2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷） 数 学 一、填空题：本大题共1小题，每小题5分，共70分． 1．若函数cos()(0)6 y x π ωω=->最小正周期为 5 π ，则ω= ▲ . 解：2105 T π π ωω = = ?= 2．若将一颗质地均匀的骰子（一种各面上分别标有1，2，3，4，5，6个点的正方体玩具），先后抛掷两次，则出现向上的点数之和为4的概率是 ▲ ． 解：基本事件共6×6 个，点数和为4 的有(1,3)、(2,2)、(3,1)共3 个，故31 6612 P ==? 3．若将复数 11i i +-表示为(,,a bi a b R i +∈是虚数单位）的形式，则a b += ▲ ． 解：∵()2 1112 i i i i ++==- ，∴0,1a b ==，因此1a b += 4．若集合2 {|(1)37,}A x x x x R =-<+∈，则A Z I 中有 ▲ 个元素 解：由2 (1)37x x -<+得2 560x x --<,(1,6)A =-∴， 因此}{ 0,1,2,3,4,5A Z =I ，共有6个元素． 5．已知向量a r 和b r 的夹角为0 120，||1,||3a b ==r r ，则|5|a b -=r r ▲ ． 解：() 2 222552510a b a b a a b b -=-=-+r r r r r r r r g =2 2125110133492???-???-+= ??? ，57a b -=r r 6．在平面直角坐标系xoy 中，设D 是横坐标与纵坐标的绝对值均不大于2的点构成的区域，E 是到原点的距离不大于1的点构成的区域，向D 中随机投一点，则所投点在E 中的概率是 ▲ 解：如图：区域D 表示边长为4 的正方形的内部（含边界），区域E 表示单位 圆及其内部，因此．2 144 16 P ππ ?== ? 8．设直线b x y += 21 是曲线)0(ln >=x x y 的一条切线，则实数b 的值是 ▲ 解： ' 1y x = ，令112 x =得2x =，故切点坐标为（2，ln2）， 代入直线方程得ln 21ln 21b b =+?=-
2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（卷） 语文 一、语言文字运用(18分) 1．下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都不相同的一组是(3分) A．识别／博闻强识模仿／装模作样剥削／生吞活剥 B．朝圣／朝令夕改提防／提心吊胆绿茵／绿林好汉 C．箴言／缄默无言蠕动／耳濡目染粗犷／旷日持久 D．湍急／惴惴不安讳言／经天纬地勘察／堪称一绝 2．下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一句是(3分) A．为了不让下一代输在起跑线上，年轻的父母纷纷送孩子去练钢琴，学围棋．上英语兴趣班．真是费尽心思，无所不为。 B．随着社会经济的进一步发展，安土重迁的观念越来越深人人心、即使富庶地区的人们也乐意告别家乡，外出闯荡一番。 Ｃ．书法是中国传统的艺术形式，风格各异的书法精品，或古朴，或隽秀，或雄浑．或飘逸．将 汉字之美表现得淋漓尽致。 D．老从小就养成了勤学好问的良好习惯．遇到问题，总是不耻下问，及时向同事、亲朋好友甚至左邻右舍请教。 3．下列各句中．没有语病的一句是(3分) A。任何一种文明的发展都是与其他文明碰撞、融合、交流的过程，完全封闭的环境不可能带来文明的进步，只会导致文明的衰落。 B．推行有偿使用塑料袋，主要是通过经济手段培养人们尽量减少使用塑料袋，这无疑会对减少白色污染、净化环境产生积极作用。 c．奥运火炬登顶珠峰，必须克服低温、低压、大风等不利的特殊气候条件，充分考虑登山队员登顶时可能遇到的各种困难。 D．将于2013年建成的京沪高速铁路，不仅能使东部地区铁路运输结构得到
优化，而且有利于铁路运输与其他交通方式形成优势互补。 4．下面是英国学者里基-特里维尔关于“战略环境评价”的经典性定义，请提取反映其主要信 息的三个重要词语。(不超过15个字)(3分) 战略环境评价是指对政策、计划、规划及其替代方案的环境影响进行规的、系统的、综合的评价过程，包括根据评价结果提交的书面报告和把评价结果应用于决策之中。 战略环境评价： 5．有些高中生上学、放学仍由家长接送。针对这种现象，请拟写赞成者与质疑者的不同看法。要求：赞成者需说出两点理由，使用述句；质疑者要针对赞成者的话表述．使用反问句。(6分) (不超过30个字) 赞成者说： 质疑者说： 二、文言文阅读 阅读下面的文言文．完成6—9题。 吴汉，字子颜，宛人也。汉为人质厚少文，及得召见，遂见亲信。建武二年，封汉为广平侯。明年春，围茂于广乐，周建招聚十余万人救广乐。汉将轻骑迎与之战，不利，堕马伤膝．还营。诸将谓汉日：“大敌在前而公伤卧，众心惧矣。”汉乃勃然裹创而起，椎牛飨士，令军中曰：“今日封侯之秋。诸君勉之!”于是军士激怒，人倍其气。旦日，齐鼓而进，建军大溃。时鬲县五姓共逐守长，据城而反。诸将争欲攻之，汉不听，回；“使鬲反者，皆守长罪也。敢轻冒进兵者斩!”乃移檄告郡，使收守长，而使人城中。五姓大喜，即相率归降。明年，贼率五万余人夜攻汉营，军中惊乱，汉坚卧不动，有顷乃定。即夜发精兵出营突击，大破其众。十二年春．汉乃进军攻广都，拔之。遣轻骑烧市桥。帝戒汉日：“但坚据广都，待其来攻，勿与争锋。若不敢来。公转营迫之，须其力疫，乃可击也。”汉乘利进逼，阻江北为营，使尚将万余人屯于江南。帝闻大惊。让汉日：“比敕公千条万端，何意临事悖乱!与尚别营，事有缓急，不复相及。”诏书未到。丰、袁吉将众十许万攻汉，使别将将万余人劫尚，令不得相救。汉与大战一日，兵败，走入壁。汉乃召诸将厉之曰：“欲潜师就尚于江南，并兵御之。成败之机，在此一举。”于是多树幡旗，使烟火不绝，夜衔枚引兵与尚合军，丰等不觉。明日，汉悉兵迎战，遂大破之。汉从征伐，诸将见战不利，或多惶惧，失其常度；汉意气自若，方整厉器械，激扬士吏。汉尝出征，妻子在后买田业。汉还，
2015年江苏高考历史试题及答案解析 一、选择题：本大题共20题，每题3分，共计60分。在每小题列出的四个选项 中，只有一项最符合题目要求。 1．《礼记》记述了贵族朝会的列位礼节：天子南向而立；三公，中阶之前；诸侯，阼阶（东台阶）之东；诸伯，西阶之西；诸子，门东……九夷，东门外；八蛮，南门外。与此相关的政治制度是 A．分封制 B．三公九卿制 C．郡县制 D．郡国并行制 2．据秦琅邪石刻，皇帝之土，西涉流沙，东有东海。但西汉学者编写的《淮南子》等书说颛顼帝即已“西济于流沙”，大禹“东渐于海，西被于流沙”，更有“纣之地，左东海，右流沙”。上述差异最能说明 A．《淮南子》等书以传说贬抑秦始皇 B．年代久远导致历史记述莫衷一是 C．历史材料的运用首先要辨别真伪 D．石刻与文献形成证据链印证历史 3．景帝时，司马相如的赋没有引起天子注意。武帝时，“相如既奏大人之颂，天子大悦，飘飘有凌云之气，似游天地之间”，“言语侍从之臣……朝夕论思，日月献纳”。成帝时，奏御者千有余篇。由此，对赋的理解不正确的是 A．契合时代的文化需求 B．为统治者“润色鸿业” C．宣扬道家的无为思想 D．为阅读者“铺陈气势” 4．唐人写淮北多有“稻垄泻泉声”之类的诗句，北宋仍有“水阔人间熟稻天”的描写。但1678年，河道总督的奏疏已是“田地皆成沙土，止产粟米”，两年后就有人感叹是“沟洫之制，水陆失宜”。淮北农耕变化表明古代农业 A．注重作物品种选择 B．需要政府合理作为 C．重视农田生态保护 D．全凭兴修水利工程 5．乾隆《吴江县志》载明末周灿诗：“水乡成一市，罗绮走中原。尚利民风薄，多金商贾尊。 人家勤织作，机杼彻黄昏。”诗中“人家”“机杼彻黄昏”是因为 A．水上集市不受时空限制 B．家庭纺织工勤奋“走中原” C．重农抑商政策发生变化 D．尊富崇利意识蔚然成风尚 6．某学者说：“农民造反者……长歌涌入金陵，开始建造人间小天堂，曾是他们的喜剧；天京陷落……则是他们的悲剧。”“他们”从“喜剧”走向“悲剧”的根本原因是 A．定都天京的战略失误 B．“人间小天堂”的腐朽享乐