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2004年职称英语等级考试试题、答案及题解
综合类(A级)试题
第1部分：词汇选项 (第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所
给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的
位置上。
1 Mary has blended the ingredients．
A mixed
B made
C cooked
D eaten
2 They agreed to modify their policy．
A clarify
B change
C define
D develop
3 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September.
A play
B send
C show
D tell
4 A notably short man，he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.
A practically
B considerably
C remarkably
D completely
5 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth.
A take out
B repair
C push in
D dig
6 It is absurd to predict that the sun will not rise tomorrow．
A ridiculous
B funny
C odd
D foolish
7 A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated water.
A muddied
B polluted
C mixed
D troubled
8 The room is dim and quiet．
A tiny
B pleasant
C dark
D agreeable
9 The index is the government?s chief gauge of future economic activity
A measure
B opinion
C evaluation
D decision
10 It?s prudent to start any exercise program gradually at first．
A workable
B sensible
C possible
D feasible
11 He is renowned for his skill.
A remembered
C praised
B recommended
D well-known
12 You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position．
A maintain
B establish
C acquire
D support
13 She stood there．trembling with fear.
A jumping
B crying
C swaying
D shaking
14 Medical facilities are being upgraded．
A renewed
B repaired
C improved
D increased
15 Mary looked pale and weary．
A gloomy
B ugly
C silly
D exhausted
第2部分：阅渎判断 (第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在
答题卡上把B涂黑：如果该旬的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
Winners and Losers
Why are the biggest winners in the past decade of trade globalization mostly in South and East Asia，whereas the biggest losers are mostly in the．former Soviet bloc(集团)and sub—Saharan Africa? History is a partial guide：East Asia has a long trading tradition，lately reinvigorated(给以新的活力)by the Chinese adoption of market economics．The Soviet Union，on the other hand，was sheltered from free—market forces for more than 70 years．In Africa，some countries are disadvantaged because of inadequate infrastructure(基础结构)；many countries have little to trade but commodities，the prices of which have fallen in recent years．
In some regions，certain countries have suffered by adopting misguided policies，often under pressure from International Monetary Fund．First among these is Russia．which in the early 1990s tried to embrace capitalism before first building the institutions that make capitalism work，such as an independent bank system，a system of business law, and all adequate method for collecting taxes．Encouraged by the IMF the World Bank and the U．S．Department of the Treasury, President Boris Yeltsin?s regime privatized the state．owned industrial sector, creating a class of oligarchs(寡头政治集团成员)，who，knowing how unstable conditions were at home．sent their money abroad instead of investing it at home．
In contrast，China，the biggest winner from globalization，did not follow the IMF formula．Of the former states of the Soviet bloc，only a few，notably Poland and Hungary, managed to grow, which they did by ignoring IMF advice and adopting expansionary plans．including spending more than they collected in taxes．Botswana and Uganda are also Success stories：despite their disadvantages，their countries achieved vigorous growth by creating stable civil societies，liberalizing trade and implementing reforms that ran counter to IMF prescriptions．
16 Japan has a long trading tradition．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
17 Russia was wrongly guided by the IMF．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
18 All African countries followed the IMF formula．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
19 The Soviet Union was a capitalist country．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
20 Australia is one of the biggest winners from globalization．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
21 China did not take IMF advice．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
22 Many high officials in Russia have much benefited from privatization．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Stanford University
1 Stanford University, famous as one of northern California?s several institutions of higher learning，is sometimes called “the Harvard of the West．” The closeness of Stanford to San Francisco，a city thirty-two miles to the north，gives the university a decidedly cosmopolitan (世界性的) flavor．
2The students are enrolled mainly from the western United States．But most of the fifty states send students to Stanford，and many foreign students study here，as well．And standards for admission remain high．Young men and women are selected to enter the university from the upper fifteen percent of their high school classes．
3 Not only because of me high caliber(素质)of its students but also because of the desirable location and climate，Stanford has attracted to its faculty some of the world?s most respected scholars．The university staff has included many Nobel prize winners such as Dr．Felix Bloch，Dr．Robert Hofstadter, and Dr．William Shockley in physics．Dr．Author Kornberg and Dr．Joshua Lederberg in medicine．and Dr．Paul J．Flory and Dr．Linus Pauling in chemistry．The Russian novelist Aleksandr Solzhenistsyn has been in residence．Stanford?S undergraduate school of engineering and its graduate schools of business，law，and medicine are especially well-regarded．
4 What is student life like on “The Farm”? Culturally．the campus is a magnet for both students and citizens of nearby communities．P1ays，concerts，and operas are performed in the university?s several auditoriums and in its outdoor theater, where graduations are also held．Several film series are presented during the school year．Guest lecturers from public and academic life frequently appear on campus．In the evenings，many students gather to socialize in the Student Union?s coffee house；here the beverages(饮料)and the atmosphere both have a decidedly European flavor．For the sports—minded，the Stanford campus offers highly developed athletic facilities．Team spots，swimming，and track and field activity are a11 very much part
of the Stanford picture．So are bicycling and jogging．
5 In addition to financial support from alumni(校友)，Stanford receives grants from the government and from private philanthropic(慈善的)foundations。In recent years，government grants have made possible advanced studies in the fields of history, psychology, education，and atomic energy．At present Stanford is carrying out an ambitious building program，financed in part by山e Ford Foundation?s 25 million grant．Recently added to the campus are a new physics building，new school of business，new graduate school of law，new student union，and undergraduate library．
23 Paragraph 2
24 Paragraph 3
25 Paragraph 4
26 Paragraph 5
A Colorful Life on Campus
B Intelligent Student Body
C School Administration
D Distinguished Faculty
E Substantial Financial Support
F The Harvard of the West
27 Those high school graduates who can enter Stanford University
28 Many professors like to teach in this university partly because here
29 On the faculty of the university there are
30 Financial support from both private organizations and the government has made
possible
A they can find the best students
B the university?s academic advancement and physical extension
C some of the most distinguished scholars
D where a sports meet is held every year
E must have been the top student?s in their classes
F must be hardworking
第4部分：阅读理解(第3l~45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇
Technology Transfer in Germany
When it comes to translating basic research into industrial Success，few nations can match Germany．Since the 1940s,the nation?s vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science．And though German prosperity(繁荣)has faltered(衰退)over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline．it still has an enviable record for turning ideas into profit．
Much of the reason for也at success is the Fraunhofer Society，a network of research institutes t11at exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought—after technologies．But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition．Universities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer, and technology parks are springing up all over．These efforts are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies．
Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success，but it is not without its critics．These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic science，eventually starving industry of fresh ideas．If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur(企业家)，the argument goes，then the traditional principles of university research being curiosity．driven．free and widely available will Suffer．Others claim that many of the programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years．
While this debate continues,new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany?s research
networks．which bear famous names such as Helmholtz，Max Planck and Leibniz．Yet it is the fourth network，the Fraunhofer Society, that plays the greatest role in technology transfer． Founded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe?s largest organisation for applied technology，and has 59 institutes employing 12，000 people．It continues to grow．Last year, it swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin．Today, there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia．
31 What factor can be attributed to German prosperity?
A Technology transfer．
B Good management．
C Hard work．
D Fierce competition．
32 Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research?
A It is free．
B It is profit-driven．
C It is widely available．
D It is curiosity-driven．
33 The Fraunhofer Society is the largest organisation for applied technology in
A Asia．
B USA．
C Europe．
D Africa．
34 When．was the Fraunhofer Society founded?
A In 1940.
B Last year．
C After the unification．
D In 1949.
35 The word “expertise?? in line 3 could be best replaced by
A “experts”．
B ……scientists”．
C “scholars”．
D ……special knowledge”．
第二篇
Star Quality
A new anti-cheating system for counting the judges? scores in ice skating is flawed，according to leading sports specialists．Ice skating?s governing body announced the new rules last week after concerns that a judge at the Winter Olympics may have been unfairly influenced． Initially the judges in the pairs figure—skating event at the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City voted 5 to 4 to give the gold medal to a Russian pair，even though they had a fall during their routine．But the International Skating Union suspended the French judge for failing to reveal that she had been put under pressure to Vote for the Russians．The International Olympics Committee then decided to give a second gold to the Canadian runners-up(亚军)．
The ISU，skating?s governing body, now says it intends to change the rules．In future 14 judges will judge each event，but only 7 of their scores--selected at random--will count, The ISU won?t finally approve the new system until it meets in June but already UK Sport．the British Government?s sports body．has expressed reservations．“I remain to be convinced that the random selection system would offer the guarantees that everyone concerned with ethical sport is looking for'?，says Jerry Bingham，UK Sport?s head of ethics(伦理)．
A random system can still be manipulated，says Mark Dixon，a specialist on sports statistics from the Royal Statistical Society in London．“The score of one or two judges who have been nobbled(受到贿赂)may still be in the seven selected．”
Many other sports that have judges，including diving，gymnastics，and synchronized swimming．have a system that discards the highest and lowest scores．If a judge was under pressure to favour a particular team，they would tend to give it very high scores and mark down the opposition team，so their scores wouldn?t count．It works for diving，says Jeff Cook，a member of the international government body?s technical committee．“If you remove those at the top and bottom you?re left with those in the middle，SO you?re getting a reasonable average．??
Since the 2000 Olympics in Sydney, diving has tightened up in its system still further．Two separate panels of judges score different rounds of diving during top competitions．Neither panel knows the scores given by the other．…'We have done this to head off any suggestion of bias．”says Cook．
Bingham urged the ISU to consider other options．“Tms should involve examining the way in which other sports deal with the problem of adjudicating(裁定)on matter of style and presentation，”he says．
36 Who won the gold medal in the pairs figure-skating event?
A The Russian pair．
B The Canadian pair．
C Both the Russian pair and the Canadian pair．
D The French pair．
37 According to the new rules proposed by the ISU，which of the following is right?
A The number of judges will be doubled．
B Only half of the judges will score．
C Only some selected judges will score．
D Only half of the scores will count．
38 What does Jerry Bingham express by saying “I remain to be convinced”?
A His anger．
B His criticism．
C His agreement．
D His doubt．
39 The attitude of those concerned in the UK to the new rules proposed by ISU Can be best described as
A indifferent．
B reserved．
C enthusiastic．
D positive．
40 Which of the following is NOT true of the scoring system for diving?
A It is more biased．
B It is more reasonable．
C It is fairer．
D It is tighter．
第三篇
Eat More，Weigh Less，Live Longer
Clever genetic detective work may have found out the reason why a near。starvation diet prolongs the life of many animals．…
Ronald Kahn at Harvard Medical School in Boston，US，and his colleagues have been able to extend the lifespan(寿命)of mice by 18 per cent by blocking the rodent?s(啮齿动物) increase of fat in specific cells．This suggests that thinness--and hot necessarily diet—-promotes long life in “ calerie (热量卡) restricted” animals．
“It?s very cool work．”says aging researcher Cynthia Kenyon of the University of California，San Francisco．“These mice eat all they want，lose weight and live longer．It?s like heaven．” Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents．Whether this works in humans is still unknown，partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet．
But many researchers hope they will be able to trigger the same effect with a drug once they understand how less food leads to a longer life．One theory is that eating less reduces the increase of harmful things that can damage cells．But Kahn?s team wondered whether the animals simply benefit by becoming thin．
To find out。they used biology tricks to disrupt the insulin(胰岛素)receptor(受体)gene in lab mice—_but only in their fat cells．“Since insulin is needed to help fat cells store fat，these animals were protected against becoming fat，”explains Kahn．
This slight genetic change in a single tissue had dramatic effects．By three months of age，Kahn，s modified mice had up to 70 per cent less body fat than normal control mice，despite the fact that they ate 55per cent more food per gram of body weight．
In addition，their lifespan increased．The average control mouse lived 753 days，while the thin rodents averaged a lifespan of 887 days．After three years，all the control mice had died，but one--quarter of the modified rodents were still alive．
“That they get these effects by just manipulating t11e fat cells is controversial，”says Leonard Guarente of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, who studies calorie restriction and aging．
． But Guarente says Kahn has yet to prove that the same effect is responsible for increased lifespan in calorie．restricted animals．“It might be the same effect or there might be two routes to long life，”he points out，“and that would be very interesting．”
41 Ronald Kahn and his colleagues can make mice live longer by
A offering them less food．
B giving them a balanced diet．
C disrupting the specific genes in their fat cells．
D preventing them growing larger
42 According to t11e passage，we d0 not know whether humans will benefit from taking in fewer calories partly because
A humans，worms and rodents are different．
B most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet．
C the effect is not known．
D genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans
43 What does the last sentence in the third paragraph imply?
A People like to lose weight，but they do not like to eat less．
B People want to go to heaven．but they do not want to die．
C Mice will go to heaven if they lose weight．
D Mice enjoy losing weight．
44 The average modified mouse lived
A 3 years．
B 753 days．
C More than 3 years．
D 887 days．
45 What Can be inferred from the passage about the route tO long life?
A It remains to be studied．
B It has already been discovered．
C Eating more leads to long life．
D Eating less leads to long life．
第5部分：补全短文 (第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择
5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位
置上。
Why Would They Falsely Confess?
Why on earth would an innocent person falsely confess to committing a crime? To most people，it just doesn?t seem logical．But it is logical，say expels，if you understand what Call happen in a police interrogation(审讯)room．
Under t11e right conditions，people?s minds are susceptible(易受影响的)to influence，and the pressure put on suspects during police grillings (盘问)is enormous． (46)“The pressure is important to understand．because otherwise it?s impossible to understand why someone would say he did something he didn?t do．The answer is：to put an end to an uncomfortable situation that will continue until he does confess．??
Developmental psychologist Allison Redlich recently conducted a laboratory
determine how likely people are to confess to things they didn?t do．
study to (47)The researchers then intentionally crashed the computers and accused the participants of hitting the ……alt?? key to see if they would sign a statement falsely taking responsibility.
Redlich?s findings clearly demonstrate how easy it can be to get people to falsely confess：59 percent of the young adults in the experiment immediately confessed (48)Of
the 1 5-to 1 6-year-olds，72 percent signed confessions，as did 78 percent of the 1 2-to
13-year-olds．
“There?s no question that young people are more at risk，”says Saul Kassin，Professor at Williams College，who has done similar studies with similar results. (49)
a psychology
Both Kassin and Redlich note that the entire ……interrogation” in their experiments consisted of a simple accusation--not hours of aggressive questioning--and still，most participants falsely confessed．
Because of the stress of a police interrogation，they conclude，suspects can become convinced that falsely confessing is the easiest way out of a bad situation． (50)
A In her experiment．participants were seated at computers and told not to hit the “alt'? key，because doing SO would crash the systems．
B “In some ways，”says Kassin，“false confession becomes a rational decision．??
C ……It?s a little like somebody?s working on them with a dental(牙齿的)drill，”says Franklin Zimring，a law professor at the University of California at Berkeley.
D “But adults are highly vulnerable too．??
E How could an innocent person admit to doing something he didn?t do?
F Redlich also found that the younger the participant，the more likely a false confession.
第6部分：完形填空 (第5~65题，每题1分，共15分)
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Less Is More
It sounds all wrong--drilling holes in a piece of wood to make it more resistant to knocks．But it works because the energy from the blow gets distributed throughout the wood rather than focusing on one weak spot．The discovery should lead to more effective and lighter packaging materials.
Carpenters have known (51)centuries that some woods are tougher than others．Hickory(山核桃木)，for example，was turned into axe handles and cartwheel spokes(轮辐) because it Can absorb shocks without breaking．White oak，for example，is much more easily damaged， (52)it is almost as dense．Julian Vincent at Bathe University and his team were convinced the wood?s internal structure could explain the differences．Many trees have tubular(管的)vessels that run (53)the trunk and carry water to the leaves．In oak they are large，and arranged in narrow bands，but in hickory they are smaller，and more evenly distributed．The researchers (54)this layout might distribute a blow?s energy throughout the wood．soaking up a bigger hit．To test the idea，they drilled holes 0.65 millimetres across into a block of spruce(云杉)，a wood with (55)vessels，and found
that (56)withstood a harder knock． (57)when there were more than about 30
holes per square centimetre did the wood?s performance drop off．
A uniform substance doesn?t cope well with knocks because only a small proportion of the material is actually (58)．All the energy from the blow goes towards breaking the material in one or two places，but often the pieces left (59)are pristine(未经破坏的)． But instead of the energy being concentrated in one place，the holes provide many weak spots that all absorb energy as they break，says Vincent．“You are controlling the places (60)the wood breaks，and it can then absorb more (61)，more safely．”
The researchers believe the principle could be applied to any material- (62) example．to manufacture lighter and more protective packaging．It could (63)be used in Car bumpers，crash barriers and armour for military vehicles，says Ulrike Wegst， (64)the Max Plank Institute for Mental Research in Stuttgart．But she emphasizes that you
(65)to design the substance with the direction of force in mind．“The direction of loading is crucial，”she says．
51 A in B since C for D at
52 A or B although C and D despite
53 A down B over C up D into
54 A knew B concluded C saw D thought
55 A no B per C each D every
56 A it B the idea C they D spruce
57 A if B Just C Only D Rarely
58 A effected B beaten C slapped D affected
59 A behind B beyond C for D in
60 A which B there C that D where
61 A water B air C energy D safety
62 A among B in C as D for
63 A also B besides C else D yet
64 A over B at C around D on
65 A have B must C should D had
满分100分，其中：
l—15每题1分
16—30每题1分
31—45每题3分
46—50每题2分
51—65每题1分。
2004年职称英语等级考试综合类(A级)答案
1.A
2.B
3.C
4.C
5.A
6.A
7.B
8.C
9.A 10.B
11.D 12.A 13.D 14.C 15.D
16.A 17.A 18.B 19.B 20.C 21.A 22.C
23.B 24.D 25.A 26.E
27.E 28.A 29.C 30.B
31.A 32.B 33.C 34.D 35.D
36.C 37.D 38.D 39.B 40.A
41.C 42.B 43.A 44.D 45.A
46.C 47.A 48.F 49.D 50.B
51.C 52.B 53.C 54.D 55.A
56.A 57.C 58.D 59.A 60.D
61.C 62.D 63.A 64.B 65.A
2004年职称英语等级考试试题题解
综合类(A级)
第1部分：词汇选项
1．最佳答案为A blend的意思是“混合”，四个选项中只有mix和它同义。
2．最佳答案为B modify的意思是“改动，修改”，故和change同义，clarify的意思是“澄清”，define 是“界定”。
3．最佳答案为C 句子的意思是“九月份经济继续呈现衰退的迹象”，和exhibit同义的只有show。
4．最佳答案为C a notably short marl的意思是“显而易见是个矮个子”，notably是“明显地，容易被注意到的”地意思，和remarkably同义。
5．最佳答案为A extract a tooth是“拔牙”的意思，在四个选项中只有take out可以替代。
6．最佳答案为A absurd是“荒谬的”，和ridiculous完全是一个意思，odd是“奇怪”的意思。
7．最佳答案为B contaminated是动词contaminate的过去分词，这里作形容词用，contaminated water?是…f受到污染的水”，故和polluted同义。muddled water和troubled water都是“混浊的水”的意思。8．最佳答案为C dim的意思是“暗的”，常用来形容光线、房间、灯光等，和dark同义。Tiny是“微小的”，pleasant和agreeable意义基本相同，都是表示“舒适的，令人愉快的”意思。
9．最佳答案为A gauge是“衡量标准”的意思，这里可以和measure替换。evaluation是“评价，估计”的意思。
10．最佳答案为B prudent是“谨慎的，合理的”，在四个选项中和sensible同义。workable和feasible基本同义，是“可行的”的意思。
11．最佳答案为D renowned的意思是“知名的”，如：Einsteinis a renownedphysicist．爱因斯坦是一位知名的物理学家，故和well-known同义。recommended是“受到推荐的”，praised“受到表扬的”。12．最佳答案为A 句子的意思是：如果你想保住位子就得耐心。sustain可以用maintain来替代。13．最佳答案为D trembling with fear。是“吓得直发抖”的意思，在四个选项中只有shaking有发抖的意思，jumping是跳，swaying是左右摇摆。
14．最佳答案为c upgrade是“提高、升级”的意思，因而有“改进”的含义。renew是“更新”的意思，repair 是“修理”。
15．最佳答案为D weary是形容词，意思是“疲惫的”，和exhausted同义。第2部分：阅读判断
16．答案为A 这道题的依据是第一段中的一句话：East Asia has a long trading tradition．日本是东亚国家，因而具有悠久的贸易历史。
17．答案为A 本题的依据可以在第二段的开头找到，文章说有些国家常常是在有压力的情况下采取了国际货币基金组织(IMF)误导的政策，俄罗斯就是这些国家中的一个。
18．答案为B 在文章的最后一段提到了一些因为没有按照IMF的模式去发展而获得成功的例子，其中提
到两个非洲国家Botswana和Uganda，因而说所有非洲国家都采纳IMF模式的说法是不对的。
19．答案为B 第一段里有_．句话：?rhe Soviet Union，lon the other hand。was sheltered from free—manet forces for?more than 70 years．70多年不搞市场经济的国家自然不会是资本主义国家。20．答案为C 文中没有提到澳大利亚。
21．答案为A 本题的依据是文章最后一段的第一句话：…，China，the biggest，winner from globalization，did not follow the IMF formula．即中国没有按照IMF的建议去做。
22．答案为C 在第二段的末尾讲到前苏联搞私有化的事，但没有说有高官在私有化过程中受益。
第3部分：概括大意和完成句子．
23．答案为B文章的第二段讲的是斯坦福大学的生源，学生来自美国和世界各国，但他们在中学里都是名列前茅的学生，这说明本段可以用Intelligent Student Body来概括，注意这里的body不解释为“身体”，而解释为“群体”。
24．答案为D第三段主要讲的是该大学的师资，该大学高素质的学生，它的校址以及它的气候吸引到了一大批优秀的教师，其中不乏诺贝尔奖金获得者。
25．答案为A 第四段讲的是学校丰富多彩的文化生活，有文艺演出、有体育活动等等，所以用“多彩的
生活”来概括是最适合不过的。
26．答案为E这一段讲的是斯坦福大学这所私立大学的资金来源，除了校友的基金外，学校还从政府和私人慈善基金得到资助，所以学校的资金是十分充足的。
27．答案为E从语法上看，这里需要填入的是主句的主语?rhose high school graduates后面的动词谓语，在六个选项里只有E和F符合条件，从意义上考虑，应该选E，即能进斯坦福的一定是中学里的高才生。28．答案为A because后面应该出一个语法上完整的句子，就从这一点考虑，也应该选A，因为在六个选
项中只有A可以放到because后面去，当然，意义也符合文章的内容。
29．答案为C这里需要的是一个名词短语作句子的主语，如文中所说在教师中有一些世界上杰出的学者。30．答案为B这里要填入的部分是动词make后面的宾语，possible则是宾语补足语，因为宾语比较长所以交换了位置，整旬的意思是“来自私人组织和政府的资金使学校的学术发展和校园的拓展成为可能”。
第4部分：阅读理解
31．正确答案为A 答案在第一段可以找到，该段的最后一句话…it still has an enviable
record for turning ideas into profit．是该段的总结，明确指出了德国的繁荣归功于技术的转换。
32．正确答案为B 答案可以在第三段里找到，这一段里有这样一句话：…traditional principles of university research being curiosity-driven．free and widely avml~le will suffer．传统的大学科研原则有三个特点，惟独没有profit．driven，即受利益驱动。
33．正确答案为C 答案在最后一段里讲得很清楚。
34．正确答案为D 答案在最后一段的第一句话里。
35．正确答案为D expertise是特殊领域的知识和学问的意思，另外三个选项都是人，在这个上下文里
根本不合适。
36．正确答案为C 答案可以在第二段里找到，俄罗斯选手得了金牌，但该段的最后一句话说，国际奥委
会最后确定给本是亚军的加拿大选手再发一个金牌。所以实际上有两个金牌得主。
37．正确答案为D 答案在第三段里。根据新办法，打分的裁判有14人，任意挑选其中7个人的打分计分。38．正确答案为D I remain t0 be convinced的意思是“我尚不信服”，即你们还得设法让我相信，所以这句话表明了他的怀疑。
39．正确答案为B reserved是“有保留的”。这个意思可以从第四、五两段Jerry Bingham和MarkDixon两个人的话里可以归纳出来。
40．正确答案为A 2000年悉尼奥运会采用的跳水打分办法在倒数第二段里作了解释，这个新办法更合理，更少偏袒，更公正，选项A恰恰说该办法更加不公正(more biased)，所以A是答案。
41．正确答案为C 答案在第二和第三段里可以找到，．Kahn认为延长寿命的关键在于瘦，但是要瘦关键不在吃什么，吃多少，而在于blocking the rodent's(啮齿动物)increase of fat in specific cells，即阻止某些细胞里脂肪的增加。
42．正确答案为B 第四段讲的很清楚，这个方法在人身上是否有效还不知道，因为很少有人愿意接受这样的试验。
43．正确答案为A 第三段的最后一句句子是“?these mice eat all they want，lose weight and live longer．It's like heaven．'?可以敞开吃，不会发胖，还能长寿，这实在是太好了，好像进入关国一样美好。这道出了人的心声。
44．正确答案为D 答案在倒数第三段里可以找到。
45．正确答案为A 从文章的最后两段我们可以感到对Kahn的试验同行中是有不同意见的，至少到目前为止还不能说已经找到了延长寿命的方法。
第5部分：补全短文
46．正确答案为C 这一段谈的是pressure方面的事，请注意在这个空格后面是一段引言，但没有原说话人的名字，这也给我们提示，在填入部分里应该有原说话人的名字。可以考虑的B、C、F三个选项，但从内容上考虑应该选C。
47．正确答案为A 这里填入的部分是对Redlich所做试验的描述，下文又讲到计算机，所以不难选定A。48．正确答案为F 这一段讲的是Redlich试验的结果，一开始就讲了她的finding，填入的部分里有，also 这个词，正好接上。而后面的一句话则用更具体的数据来支持她的结论：越年轻，越可能做假供。49．正确答案为D Saul Kassin同意Redlich的结果，她认为年轻人风险大(more at risk)，但同时她又认为成年人也十分脆弱(vulnerable)。
50．正确答案为B 由于在审讯过程中受到的压力，许多人认为做假供是一种摆脱厄境的方法，因而也是一种合理的决定。
第6部分：完形填空
51．答案为C for centuries表示几个世纪以来，注意在用现在完成时的句子里for后面跟一段时间，since 后面跟一点时间。
52．答案为B 这里需要一个连接词，但要表达“虽然”这样的让步意义。
53．答案为c 树叶在树的上部，所以在树干里把水分送到树叶里去的管道应该说是run up the trunk，而不是run down the trunk。
54．答案为D 这里所说的仅仅是一个假设，注意情态动词might，表示这还仅仅是一种可能，后面说要对此进行test。
55．答案为A 除了no，其他几个选项根本不可能用在这里。
56．答案为A 这里需要一个单数的代词，代替spruce或者the wood。
57．答案为C Only放在when从句前面起强调作用，表示“只有当……时”，注意后面的句子是倒装的，就是因为用了Only的要求。
58．答案为D… affected受到影响，effect(效力，生效)在词形上容易和affect混淆。beat(打)，slap(打耳光)在这里毫不相干。
59．答案为A to be left behind是“被留下”的意思，又如：Those who were left behind were soon found bv the enemy．留下来的那些人很快就被敌人发现了。
60．答案为D 这里填入的是一个引导定语从句的连接词，因为先行词是places，所以应该选where。61．答案为C 这里都在讲能量的吸收，很自然这里应该填入energy。
62．答案为D for example(例如)，是个十分普通的固定的表达方式。
63．答案为A “也能用于……”，只有also可以考虑。
64．答案为B 表示在某个单位或机构任职用at。
65．答案为A 后面有to，所以不可能用must或should，have to表示“必须，不得不”。
职称英语考试综合B试题真题完整版 文档编制序号：[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]
2016年职称英语综合B真题 第一部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. All houses within 100 meters of the seas are (at risk) of flooding. A. out of control B. between equals C. in particular D. in danger 2. The idea was quite (brillian)t. A. positive B. clever C. key D. original 3. Stock market price (tumbled) after rumor of a rise in interest rate. A. regulated B. fell C. increased D. maintained
4. We are worried about this (fluid) situation full with uncertainty. A. stable B. suitable C. adaptable D. changeable 5. The (revelation) of his past led to his resignation. A. imagination B. confirmation C. disclosure D. recall 6. Jensen is a dangerous man, and can be very (brutal). A. careless B. strong C. cruel D. hard 7. The coastal has area has very (mild) winter, but the central plains remain extremely cold. A. warm B. severe C. hard D.dry
2016职称英语考试真题及答案 第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题l分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有下划线，请为每处下划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1、Have you talked to her?lately? https://www.doczj.com/doc/b07036329.html,stly B.finally C.shortly D.recently 2、 About?one quarter of?the workers in the country are employed in factories. A.third B.fourth C.tenth D.fifteenth 3、 The dentist has decided to?extract?her bad tooth. A.take out B.repair C.push in D.dig 4、 We shall keep the money in a?secure?place. A.clean
B.secret C.distant D.safe 5、 This table is strongand?durable. A.long-lasting B.extensive C.far reaching D.eternal 6、 He endured agonies before he finally?expired. A.fired B.resigned C.died D.retreated 7、 There are only five minutes left, but the?outcome?of the match is still in doubt. A.result B.judgement C.estimation D.event 8、 The great changes of the city?astonished?every visitor to that city A.attacked
职称英语等级考试试题-综合A6 第三篇Play Play is the principal business of childhood, and in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and the right materials for play, and the main tools of play are toys. Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play. To succeed in this they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back to again and again. Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s development. In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life. So a baby’s ability to profit from the right play materials should not be underestimated. A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully. In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws（七巧板）and construction toys; painting, scribbling(涂鸦) and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others. Bt the third stage of play development-from five to seven or eight years-the child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school. It is easier to see which type of toys the chills most enjoys.
2015年职称英语理工类C级考试真题及答案第一部分：词汇选项 1. The weather last summer was awful. A. bad B. fair C. dry D. hot 参考答案：A 2. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A. message B. guilt C. obligation D. punishment 参考答案：D 3. My piano playing has improved significantly since I had a new teacher. A. definitely B. generally C. certainly D. greatly 参考答案：D 4. There is a need for radical changes in education.
A. revolutionary B. long-term C. short-term D. systematic 参考答案：A 5. It frustrates me that I‘m not able to put any of my ideas into practice. A. discourages B. shows C. surprises D. frightens 参考答案：A 6. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present. A. limit B. fear C. power D. fool 参考答案：B 7. He tried to assemble his thoughts. A. gather B. clear C. share D. spare
第十一篇When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach （当我们的视觉服务于我们的胃口） 我们的五官不仅仅让我们感知世界，五官感受还受大脑活动的影响。一项新的研究发现，饥饿的人比刚刚用过餐的人更能清晰地看到与食物相关的词汇。 数十年来，心里学家已经知道我们的心里活动直接影响到我们的视觉。例如，贫穷的孩子看到的硬币比实际的要大，饥饿的人看到食物的图片更明亮。法国的尼斯.索菲亚.安提波利斯大学试图调查这一现象。发生这种现象是在看到事物的当时，还是稍后延迟到大脑高级思维活动已经介入。 雷戴尔招募了42个健康指数正常的学生作为测试者。在测试当天，每个学生被告诉在中午到达实验室，这时距上一次用餐时间由3~4小时。等他们到达实验室时被告知实验时间有延迟。一半学生被告知十分钟后回来，另一半学生给1个小时的实际先去吃午饭。所以当实验室一半学生是饥饿状态，而另一半学生刚刚吃过饭。 这个实验，就是要求参与者看着电脑屏幕。屏幕上的80个单词以1/300秒的频率闪动。由于字体太小，被测试者只能凭感觉捕捉到字形。1/4的字是与食物相关的。每闪动一个单词，被测试者要回答字体的亮度并选择看到的是哪类词：一类是与食物相关的，比如蛋糕；一类是中性词，比如船。由于每个单词闪动的太快以至于被测试者根本看不清楚词是什么。 饥饿的人看到与食物有关的词更明亮，且能更好地辨认出与食物有关的词。由于每个词的闪动太快，其实那些被试者根本不会确切地看到什么，这就说明：他们只是感觉不同，根本没经过思考。雷戴尔给出了这样的解释。 雷戴尔说：“这对我来说是一件伟大的事情。人类可以真正感知到自身的需要或者为之奋斗的目标。该实验使我了解这样的事实，即我们的大脑是受我们的动机和需要所支配的。”1第一段提到的新的研究发现了什么？ A 饥饿的人看每一个单词都比普通的人更清晰 B 饥饿的人一直都在想与食物相关的词 C 饥饿的人比饱腹的人对食物相关的词汇更敏感
全国职称英语考试历年真题及答案 理工类-A级 2003-2010 目录 1.2003年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (2) 2.2004年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (16) 3.2005年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (35) 4.2006年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (54) 5.2007年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (68) 6.2008年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (76) 7.2009年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (89) 8.2010年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (102)
2003年职称英语等级考试理工类A级试题及答案第一部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1. The union representative put across her argument very effectively. A explained B invented C considered D accepted 2. He talks tough but has a tender heart. A heavy B strong C kind D wild 3. It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy. A making B taking C discussing D expecting 4. Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing. A waste B buy C use D sell 5. The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters. A function B ability C power D volume 6. Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs. A tensely B nearly C carefully D closely 7. Her faith upheld her in times of sadness. A supported B excited C inspired D directed
2015职称英语综合类C真题及答案(完整版) 第1部分：词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词语或短语画有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1 Railways are the most important mode of transport for the economy. A way B factor C objective D source 2 The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A message B punishment C guilt D obligation 3 He said some harsh words about his brother. A proper B normal C unclear D unkind 4 I am going as a favor to Ann because I have to. A partner B help C drive D guide 5 We need to identify the potential problem. A man B possible C immediate D common 6 When did you first encounter these difficulties? A create B experience C present D resolve 7 Don’t tempt thieves by leaving valuable clearly visible. A attract B alarm C catch D spot 8 There is a need for radical changes in education.
三级词汇 （三级词汇难度相当于大学英语四级水平） A abandon[]vt.放弃，遗弃，丢弃 【例句】We abandoned the search for the missing hiker.我们放弃搜寻走失的远足者。【词组】abandon doing sth.放弃做某事 abandon one’s home离弃家园 abandon oneself to放纵自己，使自己沉溺于 with abandon放任，无拘无束 ability[]n.①能力，本领‖②(pl.)才能，才识 【例句】She has the ability to speak French fluently.她能很流利地说法语。 【词组】ability to pay支付能力 great musical ability伟大的音乐天才 to the best of one’s ability尽自己所能 【近义】capacity,skill abnormal[]adj.①反常的，变态的‖②不规则的 【例句】We do not think such an abnormal phenomenon will last long. 我们认为这样的反常现象不会持续很久。
【助记】ab(离开)＋norm(标准)＋al(形容词后缀)→离开了正常的标准→反常的，变态的【派生】abnormally adv.反常地；变态地；不规则地 abolish[]vt.废除，取消 【例句】The legislature passed a law to abolish the surtax.立法机关通过了一项废除附加税的法令。 【同义】cancel,annul,call off,eliminate,do away with absorb[]vt.①吸收‖②使全神贯注 【例句】The soil can absorb the rainwater.土壤会吸收雨水。 【词组】absorb in集中精力做某事；全神贯注于 【助记】a＋音：布扫把，一个布做的扫把，就是布拖把，拖布，是吸水的 【派生】absorbed adj.被吸收的；一心一意的 absorption吸收；全神贯注，专心致志 abstract[]adj.抽象的，不具体的 n.摘要，提要 【例句】Her ideas seem a little abstract.她的思想有点儿让人费解。 【词组】in the abstract在理论上，抽象意义的 【助记】abs(离开)＋tract(拉)→离普通情况太远了→抽象的 【派生】abstracted adj.心不在焉的；出神的；分离出来的；抽出的 abstraction n.抽象；提取；抽象概念；空想；心不在焉
2015职称英语考试真题及解析 【天宇考王】为广大考生归纳总结职称外语最新考试资讯，让考生最先了解职称外语考试报名等有关事项的通知，天宇考王是一款上机练习题库软件，有单机版、网页版、手机版、三位一体多平台学习模式。 词汇学习四每组词汇学习有15 道小题。在每道题的句子里都有一个加底线的词或短语，请在四个选项中找出与加底线的词或短语意义最相近的一项。 1．Many fine cooks insist on ingredients of the highest quality． A)demand B)rely on C)prepare for D)create 1．A insist on：坚持。与demand(要求；强求)意思比较接近。The Labour Party has demanded an explanation from the government．工党已要求政府作出解释。rely on：依靠。We have to rely on him for the tickets．我们不得不靠他搞票。prepare for：为……做准备。I have been preparing for the final exam．我一直在准备期末考试。create：产生；创建。His work created enormous interest in England．他的作品在英格兰引起很大关注。 2．Since the Great Depression，the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in grain prices. A)slight B)surprising C)sudden D)harmful 2．D damaging：有损害的。与harmful(有害的)意思相近。The rays of the sun，in excess，can be very harmful．过量的阳光可能会非常有害。slight：少量的。He has a slight German accent．他有一点德国口音。surprising：令人吃惊的。It was surprising that the little girl could answer this question．小女孩能回答这个问题，令人吃惊。sudden：突然的。There was a sudden drop in the temperature last night．昨夜气温突然下降。 3．Cement was seldom used in building during the Middle Ages. A)crudely B)rarely C)originally D)symbolically 3．B seldom：很少；不常。与rarely(难得；不常)意思相近。I rarely get up early on Sundays．星期天我很少早起。crudely：粗糙地；粗野地。Everyone was dressed in crudely sewn shorts and shirts．人人都穿着缝制得很粗糙的短裤和衬衫。originally：原来；创造性地。I stayed longer than I had originally planned．我逗留的时问比原来计划的要长。symbolically：象征性地：The park was decorated symbolically.公园只是象征性地装点了一下 4 Nerve signals may travel through nerve or muscle fibers at speeds as high as two hundred miles per hour. A)velocities B)impulses C)ratios D)atrocities 4．A speed：速度。与velocity(速度；快速)的意思相近。Scientists spent years studying the velocity of light．科学家们花了许多年研究光速。impulse：冲动。0n impulse，I went into the shop and bought this expensive watch．在一时冲动下，我走进商店，买下了这块昂贵的手表。ratio：比，比率。The ratio of pupils to teachers is 30 to 1．学生与教师之间的比例是30比1。
2011年真题： 第1部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1.His shoes were shined to perfection. A. cleared B. polished C. washed D. Mended 2.She can be relied on in A. looked after C. turned on B.believedin D.depended on 3.Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer. A. admitted B. reported C. hoped D. answered 4.The test produced disappointing results. A. unsatisfactory B. indirect C. similar D. positive 5.My doctor said I should vary my diet more A, change B. prepare C. cook D. choose 6.Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge. A. hard C. short B. good D. long 7. The book took ten years of thorough research A. basic B. careful. C, social D. major 8. The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives. A. effor B. problem C. influence D. Concern 9.Eventually, she got a job and moved to London A. Certainly B. Luckily C. Naturally D. Finally 10.The love of money is the root of'all evil A. result B. end C. cause D. Force 11.We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference A. offered B. investigated
第1某些：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线某些拟定1个意义最为接近选项。 A．tolerate B．generate C．reduce D．mensure living alone． A．equal B．immediate C．moderate D．great A．bright B．unclear C．general D．bad A．special
B．private C．general D．good A．picture B．danger C．evidence D．case A．doubt B．relief C．failure D．confusion A．love B．surprise C．anger D．doubt A．energetic
C．physical D．regular A．boring B．original C．humorous D．long A．attract B．spend C．encourage D．require A．supported B．disproved C．disputed D．accepted A．close
C．break D．combine A．polite B．usual C．bad D．similar A．hardworking B．social C．basic D．scientific A．necessary B．terrible C．critical D．normal 第2某些：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)
2012年职称英语试题综合类（B级）试卷及答案 第一部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题-1分；共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. We need to extract the relevant flnancial data. A. store B. obtain C. save D. review 2. His shoes were shined to perfection. A. cleared B. polished C. washed D. mended 3. She always finds fault with everything. . A. simplifies B. evaluates C. criticizes D. Examines 4. Anderson left the table, remarking that he had some work.to do A. doubting B. thinking C. saying D. Knowing 5. They converted the spare bedroom into an office. A. reduced B. moved C. reformed D. turned. 6. Mr. Henley has accelerated his sale of shares over the past year A. held B. increased C. expected D. offered 7. We have to act within the existing legal framework A. limit C. status B. procedure D. system 8. Jane said that she couldn't tolerate the long hours A. spend C. stand B. take D. last 9. At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened A. give B. attach C. understand D. lose 10.The view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular. A. general C. strong B. traditional
2016年全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲 职称英语考试大纲是由人力资源和社会保障部统一公布的。职称英语考试内容与试卷结构：A.B.C三个等级的考试各由6个部分组成，每个级别的考试题型一样、题量相同，但不同级别考试总的阅读量及难易程度不同。考试主要考查应试者理解书面英语的能力。 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲 一、概述 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试是由人力资源和社会保障部组织实施的一项国家级外语考试。本考试遵循“严格要求、实事求是、区别对待、逐步提高”的原则，根据英语在不同专业领域活动中的应用特点，结合专业技术人员掌握和使用英语的实际情况，对申报不同级别专业技术职务的人员的英语水平提出了不同的要求。 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试共分三个专业类别：综合类、理工类和卫生类，每个专业类别的考试各分A.B.C三个等级。 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试于每年4月份举行。A.B.C三个等级考试的总分各为100分，考试时间均为2小时。 二、评价目标 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试重点考查应试者的阅读理解能力。考试总的评价目标是：申报A级的人员在2小时内应完成3000词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容；申报B级的人员在2小时内应完成2600词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容；申报C级的人员在2小时内应完成2200词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容。 为达到上述目标，考试对应试者的英语汇量、语法知识和阅读理解能力分别提出如下要求： （一）词汇量 考试所涉及的词汇和短语主要依据本大纲所附词汇表。对申报不同级别的应试者要求认知的词汇量不等： 1. 申报A级的人员应认知6000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语； 2. 申报B级的人员应认知5000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语； 3. 申报C级的人员应认知4000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语。 （二）语法知识
2011年职称英语等级考试用书（理工类） 第四部阅读理解 第二篇World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict 第六篇Weaving with Light *第三十四篇Batteries Built by Viruses *第三十八篇Longer Lives for Wild Elephants +第四十五篇Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others +第四十六篇Marvelous Metamaterials 第一篇至第三十篇为C级，第三十一篇至第四十篇为B级，第四十一篇至第五十篇为A级 第六部分完型填空 第三篇What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe? *第十二篇Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in Teens +第十五篇Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores 目录说明： 本书目录中未加符号标的文章难度相当于C级考试水平，供报考C级考试的学员阅读；标有“*”的文章相当于B级考试水平；标有“+”的文章，相当于A级考试水平。我们希望，报考B级的学员同时阅读未加标注的文章，报考A级的学员同时阅读标有“*”的文章。 涂颜色部分为2011年教材新增文章（与2010年教材对比） 第四部分阅读理解 阅读下面的短文。每篇短文的后面有5个问题，每个问题有4个备选答案。请根据短文的内容选择正确的答案。 第二篇World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict In a finding that may speed efforts to conserve oil, scientists in Kuwait predict that world conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014. This prediction is almost a decade earlier than some other predictions．Their study is in ACS’ Energy＆Fuels1． Ibrahim Nashawi and colleagues point out that rapid growth in global oil consumption has sparked a growing interest in predicting "peak oil"．"Peak oil "is the point where oil production reaches a maximum and then declines. Scientists have developed several models to forecast this point, and some put the date at 2020 or later. One of the most famous forecast models is called the Hubbert model2. It assumes that global oil production will follow a bell shaped curve3. A related concept is that4 of "Peak Oil." The term "Peal Oil" indicates the moment in which world wide production Will peak, afterwards to start on irreversible decline． The Hubbert model accurately predicted that oil production would peak in the United States in 1970. The model has since gained in popularity and has been used to forecast oil production worldwide．
2017年职称英语考试真题及解析 1．Many fine cooks insist on ingredients of the highest quality． A)demand B)rely on C)prepare for D)create 1．A insist on：坚持。与demand(要求；强求)意思比较接近。The Labour Party has demanded an explanation from the government．工党已要求政府作出解释。rely on：依靠。We have to rely on him for the tickets．我们不得不靠他搞票。prepare for：为……做准备。I have been preparing for the final exam．我一直在准备期末考试。create：产生；创建。His work created enormous interest in England．他的作品在英格兰引起很大关注。 2．Since the Great Depression，the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in grain prices. A)slight B)surprising C)sudden D)harmful 2．D damaging：有损害的。与harmful(有害的)意思相近。The rays of the sun，in excess，can be very harmful．过量的阳光可能会非常有害。slight：少量的。He has a slight German accent．他有一点德国口音。surprising：令人吃惊的。It was surprising that the little girl could answer this question．小女孩能回答这个问题，令人吃惊。sudden：突然的。There was a sudden drop in the temperature last night．昨夜气温突然下降。 3．Cement was seldom used in building during the Middle Ages. A)crudely B)rarely C)originally D)symbolically 3．B seldom：很少；不常。与rarely(难得；不常)意思相近。I rarely get up early on Sundays．星期天我很少早起。crudely：粗糙地；粗野地。Everyone was dressed in crudely sewn shorts and shirts．人人都穿着缝制得很粗糙的短裤和衬衫。originally：原来；创造性地。I stayed longer than I had originally planned．我逗留的时问比原来计划的要长。symbolically：象征性地：The park was decorated symbolically.公园只是象征性地装点了一下 4 Nerve signals may travel through nerve or muscle fibers at speeds as high as two hundred miles per hour. A)velocities B)impulses C)ratios D)atrocities 4．A speed：速度。与velocity(速度；快速)的意思相近。Scientists spent years studying the velocity of light．科学家们花了许多年研究光速。impulse：冲动。0n impulse，I went into the shop and bought this expensive watch．在一时冲动下，我走进商店，买下了这块昂贵的手表。ratio：比，比率。The ratio of pupils to teachers is 30 to 1．学生与教师之间的比例是30比1。atrocity：暴行。They were guilty of the most barbarous and inhuman atrocities．他们犯有最野蛮、最不人道的暴行。 5．The poet William Carlos Williams was a New Jersey physician． A)doctor B)professor C)physicist D)resident 5．A physician：内科大夫。doctor：大夫。professor：教授。physicist：物理学家。resident：居民。
2015年职称英语考试理工类B级全真模拟题及答案解析 第 1 部分：词汇选项（第1-15 题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1 个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. The football team, for the most part, were confident of winning the match. A. mostly B. partly C. only D. really 2. At first he did’t realize that he had succeeded. A. k now B. find out C. recognize D. look into 3. To frame up his boss, Dick had to make up evidence. A. collect B. disclose C. invent D. generate 4. The government launched a massive campaign against crimes in the big cities. A. proposed B. decided C. began D. studied 5. It is very considerate of you to remember my birthday. A. thoughtful B. considerable C. carefiil D. concerned 6. 1 was amazed at the beauty of the mountain when I reached to the top. A. excited B. astonished C. happy D. unpleasant 7. The upper atmosphere is believed to consist of a number of roughly concentric layers, which include the troposphere (对流层) and stratosphere (平流层). A. plainly B. repeatedly C. nearly D. changeably 8. The earth moves around the sun. A. before B. round C. after D. over 9. He made great show of reluctance, but finally accepted my offer. A. emotion B. unwillingness C. anger D. postpone 10. His success in work has tempted many to try this new method. A. attracted B. called C. inspired D. implied 11. She could fix the machine without referring to the instructions. A. understanding B. observing C. consulting D. obtaining 12. 1 didn’t have much confidence in my talent as a film actor. A. wisdom B. gift C. performance D. show 13. Her death was a grief to him and I doubt if he ever recovered afterwards. A. got by B. got through C. got on D. got over 14. The most prominent characteristic of handwriting is undoubtedly letter formation and slant. A. presumably B. in many cases C. surely D. without bias 15. Fond industry relies mainly on agriculture for raw material. A. depends on B. dependent on C. derives from D. derived from 第 2 部分：阅读判断（第16-22 题，每题 1 分，共7 分） 下面的短文后列出了7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A ; 如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B ; 如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C 。 The Race into Space American millionaire Dennis Tito will always be famous. He was the first tourist in space. “I spent sixty years on Earth and eight days in space and from my viewpoint, it was two separate lives,” Tito explained. He loved his tim e in space. “Being in space and looking back at earth is one of the most rewarding experiences a human being can have.”