英美国家概括判断正误
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Unit 1
1.Britain is no longer an imperial(帝国) country. T
2.The Commonwealth(共和国，民主国) of Nations includes all European countries. F
3.1 in 10 of the British population are of non-European ethnicity(种族地位，种族特点). F
4.The stereotype(陈规，刻板模式) of the English gentleman never applied(使适用) the majority of the British people. T
5.Great Britain includes 3 constituent countries；England, Scotland, and Wales. T
6.Northern Ireland is part of Great Britain. F
7.When people outside the UK talk about England, they mistake it as Britain sometimes. T
8.The Scots and Welsh have a strong sense of being British. F
9.Scotland was never conquered by the Romans. T
10.Most people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language, called “Gaelic”. F
11.Scotland was unified with England through peaceful mean. T
12.Wales is rich in coal deposits. T
13.Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is a large city. F ?? largest
14.The title of Prince of Wales is held by a Welsh according to tradition. F
威尔士在1284年被英格兰合并，在爱德华一世征服了威尔士（1277年—1284年）的过程中，他按照威尔士人的要求：“一位在威尔士出生、不会讲英语、生下来第一句话说威尔士语的亲王”作为他们的领袖，爱德华一世将其即将分娩的王后接到威尔士，王子出生后即被封为威尔士亲王，以表示对威尔斯的重视并强化威尔士人的认同感，从此以后，英皇室便将皇储封为威尔士王子，皇子妃封为威尔士王妃，成为皇室继承法统规则之一。
Unit 2 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom II
1.Ireland is part of Great Britain. F 是一个独立的国家
2.“Ulster”, 爱尔兰北部的旧称referring to Northern Ireland, was once an ancient Irish Kingdom. T
3.The capital of Belfast is a large city with half a million people. F贝尔法斯特是北爱尔兰的首府
4.Northern Ireland is significant because of its manufacturing industry. F
5.The majority of Irish people were descendants子孙，后裔of the original Celtic凯尔特people who inhabited British Isles before the Romans arrived 2000 years ago. T
6.Most British people are Protestants新教徒while most Irish people are Catholic天主教徒. T
7.The British government does not have direct rule from London over Northern Ireland. F
8.Sinn Fein 新芬党（爱尔兰共和军的政治组织）is a legal political
party in Northern Ireland. T
9.The Anglo-Irish Agreement《英爱协议》of 1985 guaranteed the loyalist Protestant community their right to decide their future in Northern Ireland. T
10.The Good Friday Agreement《北爱和平协议》was approved on
10 April 1998.T
11.Northern Ireland today is governed by separate jurisdictions: that of Republic of Ireland and that of Great Britain. F 目前北爱由爱尔兰政府、英国政府及北爱执行委员会三方共同参与管理。
Unit 3 The Government of the United Kingdom
1.It is no doubt that Britain is the oldest representative democracy in the world. F arguably 可论证地，可能，大概
2.In Britain, the process of state-building has been one of evolution rather than revolution, in contrast to France and the US. T 相对法国或美国而言，英国的建国历程是一个逐渐演变而不是革命性剧变的过程。
3.The oldest institution of government in Britain is the Monarchy君主政体. T
4.The divine right of the king君权神授means the sovereign君
主derived his authority from his subjects. from God F
5.As the king in theory had God on his side, it was thought that he should should not exercise absolute power. F
6.The term “parliament”was first officially used in 1066 to describe the gathering of feudal barons and representatives from counties and towns. F in 1236
7.Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. T 英国既是一个代议民主制国家，又是一个君主立宪制国家。
8.Britain, like Israel, has a written constitutions宪法of the sort which most countries have. F both of them without https://www.doczj.com/doc/b510883669.html,mon laws判例法，普通法are laws which have been established through common practice in the courts. T
Unit 4 Politics, Class and Race
1.In the UK, a government cannot stand for longer than five years except in exceptional circumstances. T
2.The parliament can call an election sooner than five years. F the Prime Minister
3.Anyone who is eligible to vote with 500 pounds as deposit can stand as an MP. T
4.Each main party is given some time on national TV to “sell”their politics. The time is not given free and has to be paid by
the party. F
5.The amount spent in national campaign is not limited other than that on TV. T
6.Secrecy is not an important part of the voting process. F
7.There are two major national parties in the U.K. according to the text. F 除工党和保守党外，还有一个重要的第三党，自由民主党
8.Liberal Democratic Party is the newest of the major national parties. F
9.Children from the upper-middle-class usually have a better education than those from the working or middle-class. T 10.The majority of middle-class people today have working class parents or grandparents. T
11.One of the distinctive features about the British class-system is that it has also retained a hereditary aristocracy. T 保留世袭贵族
12.The majority of Britain’s recent immigrants have mainly come from North Asia and Caribbean countries. F South Asia 13.Most immigrants earn a living by opening restaurant or becoming writers or musicians. F most of them do not
14.The immigrants have problems of unemployment, under-representation in politics and unfair treatment by
police and by the justice system. T
Unit 5 The UK Economy
1.By the 1880’s the British economy was dominant占支配地位the world. T
2.Both the US and Canada overtook Britain in economy by 1900.
F Germany
3.By the end of the World War II, Britain had gone heavily into debt in order to develop its manufacturing industry and borrowed large amount from the US and France. F
4.Another reason for British decline is the loss of its colonies, especially India, which gained its independence in 1947. T
5.In the 1970s, with the soaring price of oil and high rates of inflation, Britain went through a bad period. In 1979, the Labour party had to step down from the government. T
6.The leader of the Conservatives, Margaret Thatcher started
a series of reforms. An extensive programme of privatization was carried out, and she was successful in an all-round way. F 7.Tertiary industries include banking, insurance, tourism, agriculture and selling of goods. F
8.Britain has a large sector of agriculture producing 11.6% of its national wealth. F small
9.According to the text, the tertiary industry produces approximately two-thirds of national wealth. T
10.The service industry in the UK employs 70% of the total work force. T
Unit 6 British Literature
1.Much early British literature was concerned with Christianity, and Anglo-Saxons produced many versions of the Bible. T
2.Beowulf was a sea monster killed by a Swedish warrior. F
3.“The Wife of Bath”is one of the tales contained in The Canterbury Tales. T
4.There was a general flowering of culture and intellectual in Europe during the 17th and 18th centuries which is known as “The Renaissance.”文艺复兴h and 16th
5.William Shakespeare is a great poet and much is known of his life. F
6.Keats, Shelly and Byron brought the Romantic Movement to its height. T
7.Robinson Crusoe tells the story of a shipwreck and solitary survival. T
8.Writers of romantic literature are more concerned with imagination and feeling than with the power of reason. T
9.Don Juan is an epic poem composed by John Milton. F
10.Thomas Hardy, the author of Tess of the D’ Urbervilles, was also a first-class poet. T
Unit 7 British Education System
1.The purpose of British education is not only to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills but also to socialize children. T
2.The state seldom interferes with decision of when, where, how and what children taught. F
3.The enduring feature of British education is the continuing debate over what should be taught in schools. F how equal education opportunity should be.
4.The 1944 Education Act made entry to secondary schools and universities “meritocratic”. T
5.Public schools are part of the national education system and funded by the government. F 公学也叫私立学校，有钱人家的学校
6.British universities are public bodies which receive funds from central government. T
7.All secondary schools in Britain are run and supervised by the government. F
8.In Oxford and Cambridge the BA coverts to an MA several years later, upon payment of a fee. T
9.Independent schools get money mainly through the private sector and tuition rates, with some government support. T 10.Grammar schools select children at the age of 11 and provide them with a general education. F 培育他们进入高等学校
Unit 8 British Foreign Relations
1.When the Second World ended, Britain no longer was the largest military power in Western Europe. F
2.The UK was awarded a seat on the UN Security Council in recognition of its contribution i n setting up the United Nations. F of its continuing importance to world politics
3.According to the text, the most important single factor which influences British policy-makers is its history. T
4.The Prime Minister and Cabinet decide on the general direction of Britain’s foreign policy. T
5.The main government department involved is the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO). T 英国外交联邦事务部，即外交部
6.Britain is a parliament monarch. F a parliament democracy 代
议制民主而不是君主
7.There are about 60 members of the Commonwealth. F 50
8.The British host a large American military presence and there 63 American military bases in the UK. T
9.Britain is not a number of the NATO due to its disagreement with some European countries on defense policy. F 北大西洋公约组织与欧盟的区分
Unit 9 The British Media
1.On an average day, an overwhelming majority of Britons over the age of 15 read a national or local paper. T
2.The British media play an important role in shaping a national culture. T
3.In the late seventeenth and early 18th century, as the British economy began to industrialize, and as literacy levels rose through the introduction of mass education, more and more newspaper began to appear. F late 18th and early 19th century.
4.Free press has the function of keeping an eye on the government, and therefore it is called the watchdog of parliamentary democracy. T
5.The Advertising Code ensures that advertisement are legal, decent, honest and truthful; have a sense of responsibility for consumer and society; and respect the principles of fair
completion. T
6.It is incorrect to say that class and educational differences are reflected in the newspapers people read. F
7.The Telegraph readers, for example, will be soft on crime, be quite feminist and interested in green politics. F the Guardian readers卫报
8.The tabloids are smaller format newspaper with color photos and catchy headlines. They are often called “the gutter press”. T
9.The British Broadcasting Corporation is funded by license fees and views must buy a license each year for their TV set. T
10.The BBC World Service, the international branch of the BBC, broadcasts in English and42 other languages throughout the world. T
Unit 10 Sports, Holidays and Festivals in Britain
1.The tradition of having Sunday off derived from the Christian Church. T
2.The origin of Bowling lies in the victory celebration ceremony by the ancient warriors. T 足球的传说
3.Tennis is usually regarded as a winter and spring sport. F
summer
4.The game of golf was invented by the Scottish. T
5.The extremist animal-lovers’group would to have hours racing banned. T
6.Easter is the biggest and best loved British holiday. F
7.Christmas Pantomime is one of the three Christmas traditions that are particularly British. T
8.It is commonly believed that Boxing Day involves the sport of boxing. F圣诞节次日赠匣装的礼物
9.The biggest Bonfire Night celebration is held in London. F in the small town of Lewes in England
10.In Ireland, New Year’s Eve called Hogmanay (December 31st) is the major winter celebration. T
Chapter 1 land and people are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain,England,the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth The British Isles,Greant Britina and England are geographical names, no the official names of the country,while the official name is the United Kingdom,but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britian. the geographical position of Britian Britain is an island country. It lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of is separated from the rest of Europe by the English channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland The north and west of Britain are mainly highland, while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands. Britain have a favourable climate why Yes,it has a favourable climate, because it has a maritime type of climate---winters are mild,not too cold and summers are cool, not too has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole has a small range of temperature,too. are the factors which influence the climate in Britain Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest
The United Kingdom I. Multiple Choice 1. The was “the greatest progressive revolution that mankind had so far experienced, a time which called for giants and produced giants—giants in power of thought, passion, and character, in universality and learning”(Engels). a. Renaissance b. Industrial Revolution c. Reformation d. Bourgeois Revolution 2. is regarded as the first English Prime Minster. a.D uke of Willington b.William Gladstone c.Benjamin Disraeli d.Sir Robert Walpole 3. The official head of Parliament is . a. the Prime Minister b. the Monarch c. the Speaker d. the Chancellor 4. The present sovereign of Britain is . a. Elizabeth I b. Elizabeth II
c. Elizabeth III d. Edward II 5. is a day to commemorate the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. a. Christmas b. Good Friday c. Easter Monday d. Boxing Day 6. published his book On the Origin of Species which caused a stir in Victorian times. a. Adam Smith b. Charles Darwin c. Thomas More d. Francis Bacon 7. The largest section of Great Britain is . a. Scotland b. Wales c. England d. Northern Ireland 8. The Lake District is well known for . a. its wild and beautiful scenery b. its varied lakes c. the Lake Poets
1．第1题 Scotland was never conquered by the Romans. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0 2．第2题 Segregating blacks into separate schools was unconstitutional after the decision of the Supreme Court in 1954. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0 3．第3题 Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 4．第4题 In Britain, the process of state-building has been one of evolution rather than revoltuion, in contrast to France and the US. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 5．第5题 According to the textbook, there are two major political parties in the UK. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0 6．第6题 The first English permanent settlement was founded in California. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0
7．第7题 The British state actively interferes with the decision of when, where, how and what children are taught. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0 8．第8题 You must have the A-level qualification to enter British university. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0 9．第9题 The stereotype of the English gentleman never applied to the majority of the British people. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0 10．第10题 A great moment for the civil rights movement was the March on Washington on August, 1963 when President Kennedy gave the famous " I Have a Dream" speech. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 11．第11题 In the early 20th century, those dominating American life were mostly WASPs. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 12．第12题 In 1863, President Lincoln signed The
英国概况 英格兰面积最大 苏格兰，爱丁堡为首府 威尔士，加的夫，Cardiff为首府 北爱尔兰，贝尔法斯特Belfast为首府 伦敦，UK首都，皇家法庭royal courts of justice 及圣保罗大教堂st paul’s cathedral在这里。威斯敏斯特westminster，伦敦市的一个行政区，也叫西敏寺，这里有议会houses of parliament，包含大钟楼big ben，白厅whitehall即英国政府，白金汉宫buckingham palace即英国皇宫，还有st james’ hall 圣詹姆斯宫。 The great charter in 1215,1215年大宪章，亦称the great charter or Magna Charta,确保一些平民的政治权利与自由，保障教会不受国王的控制，改革了法律和司法，限制国王及王室官员的行为。 议会雏形，1265年，Simon de Montford 召集the Great Council在西敏寺开会，就是最早的议会，后来发展了House of Lords上议院，House of Commons下议院。 玫瑰战争和英国宗教改革： Richard 三世和Henry Tudor都铎（duduo）打了玫瑰战争，都铎胜利，终成五代都铎王朝。 亨利八世进行宗教改革，想切断英国教会与罗马教皇的关系，使英国教会独立起来。宗教改革的真正进行是在亨利八世的儿子爱德华时期，新教是Protestant，即基督教，改革叫做“The Reformation”。伊丽莎白一世时期，伊丽莎白为女王统治英国，她是基督教徒，大力推行新教，从此英国都是信奉新教。 文艺复兴运动The English Renaissance 文艺复兴是中世纪到现代的过渡时期，从1350-1650，有300年，从意大利发起，达芬奇等人为代表。在这段时期，罗马教会经历新教改革，人文主义兴起，海外探索（大航海时代？）。 英国内战The Civil Wars 是国王和议会间的战争，Norttingham King Charles和议会开战，国王军是Cavaliers(骑士)，议会军是Roundheads(圆颅党)，因为他们短发。查尔斯战败，克伦威尔Cromwell称王。英国内战又称清教徒革命，因为国王的反对者多是清教徒Puritan。清教徒是基督教新教中的一派。这场战争颠覆了英国的封建制度，甚至动摇了欧洲的封建制度，被认为是世界现代史的开端。 王朝复辟The Restoration 克伦威尔死后，儿子Richard 继位，但是统治失败，议会选择让上代国王流放法国的儿子King Charles 二世回归。 光荣革命The Glorious Revolution 奥兰治王室（William of Orange橘子？英国的名字真搞笑），用一场不流血的政变夺了王室的权，William and Mary 共同接受了Bill of Right(1689)权利法案，英国“光荣革命”后巩固资产阶级与封建贵族联合专政、确立君主立宪政体的宪法性文件之一。君主立宪由此开始。 辉格党和托利党（Whigs and Tories） 两党名称来自光荣革命，辉格党就是后来的Liberal party，托利党是Conservative party
英语国家概况（1）（2）问题库答案 1. "British history has been a history of invasion". Please illustrate this point with the examples from the text. How did each of the invasions influence English culture ? 1. British history has been a history of invasions. Before the first century AD Britain was made up of many tribal kingdoms of Celtic people: a powerful culture originating in central Europe. Then in 43AD Britain was invaded by the Roman empire, and England and Wales (though not Scotland or Ireland) became a part of the Roman empire for nearly 400 years.Two more groups of invaders were to come after the English: from the late 8th century on, raiders from Scandinavia, the ferocious Vikings, threatened Britain's shores…. 2. What are some general characteristics of Scotland ? 2. Scotland is the second largest of the four nations, both in population and in geographical area. It is also the most confident of its own identity because alone amongst the non-English components of the UK it has previously spent a substantial period of history as a unified state independent of the UK. Thus it is not a big leap for the Scottish to imagine themselves independent again. Physically, Scotland is the most rugged part of the UK, with areas of sparsely populated mountains and lakes in the north (The Highlands), and in the south (The Southern Uplands). Three-quarters of the population lives in the lowland zone which spans the country between these two highland areas. The largest city is Glasgow, in the west of this zone. Scotland's capital city is Edinburgh, on the east coast forty miles away from Glasgow. It is renowned for its beauty, and dominated by its great castle on a high rock in the centre of the city. Both cities have ancient and internationally respected universities dating from the 15th century. 3. Describe Wales' unification with Great Britain. 3. Wales was always under pressure from its English neighbours, particularly after the Norman conquest, when Norman barons set up castles and estates in Wales under the authority of the English Crown. Some brief campaigns are the only times in history when Wales has existed as a unified independent nation. 4. Are there any differences between England and Wales in terms of cultural tradition ? 4.Yes, there are. The close long-standing relationship means that modern Wales lacks some of the outward signs of difference which Scotland possesses—its legal system and its education system are exactly the same as in England. Often official statistics are given for "England and Wales". However, Wales is different, and one of the key markers of that difference is the Welsh language—the old British Celtic tongue which is still in daily use. 5. Why is Northern Ireland, according to the author, so significant in the United Kingdom? What is the political problem there? 5. Until 1921 the full name of the UK was "The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", not only "Northern Ireland", because the whole island of Ireland was politically integrated with Great Britain, and had been since 1801, while Britain's domination of the Irish dated back centuries even before that date. But Irish desires for an independent Irish state were never lost, and one of the key issues in late nineteenth century British politics was a campaign in parliament for what was called "home-rule"—Irish political control of Irish affairs. The Home Rule Bill was finally passed in 1914, but the process was overtaken by the First World War and was suspended for the duration of the war.
英语专业考研英美概况自测题（一） British Survey Test Part I Geography 1. The total area of the U.K. is _____. A. 211,440 B. 244,110 C. 241,410 D. 242,534 2. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K. A. northern B. eastern C. southern 3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____. A. Northern Ireland B. England C. Scotland 4. _____ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee estuary. A. Wales B. Scotland C. England 5. Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century. A. 14th B. 15th C. 16th 6. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain. A. 1707 B. 1921 C. 1801 7. Physiographically Britain may be divided into _____ provinces. A. 13 B. 12 C. 14 8. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____. A. the Scottish Highlands B. Wales C. England 9. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____. A. north to south B. south to north C. east to west 10. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England. A. Scotland B. Wales C. Vale of Eden 11. The longest river in Britain is _____. A. Severn B. Clyde C. Bann 12. London is situated on the River of _____. A. Parret B. Thames C. Spey 13. Edinburgh is the capital of _____. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales 14. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short. A. North Sea B. English Channel C. Dee estuary 15. Mt. Snowdon stands in _____. A. Scotland B. Wales C. England 16. The source of the important River Thames is in the _____. A. Cotswolds B. Oxford Clay C. Pennines 17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources. A. 50% B. 38% C. 42% 18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____. A. Scotland B. England C. Northern Ireland 19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____. A. 1964 B. 1946 C. 1694
作业 1．第1题 The US was founded on the principle of human equality, and in reality the nation has lived up to that ideal. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 2．第2题 In the early 20th century, those dominating American life were mostly WASPs. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 3．第3题 There are more Catholics thatn Protestants in the US. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 4．第4题 When people outside the UK talk about England, they mistake it as Britain sometimes. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 5．第5题 Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is a large city. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 6．第6题 Free press has the function of keeping an eye on the government, and therefore it is called the watchdog of parliamentary democracy. 您的答案：正确
此题得分：2.0 7．第7题 In Britain, class and educational differences are reflected in the newspaper people read. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 8．第8题 The game of golf was invented by the Scottish. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 9．第9题 Easter is the biggest and best loved British holiday. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 10．第10题 When the War of Independence was over, the US was on unified nation as it is today. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 11．第11题 The 10 very short paragraphs which guarantee freedom and individual rights and forbid interference with lives of individuals by the government are called the Bill of Rights. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 12．第12题 The state of Hawaii is a big island in the central Pacific Ocean. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：2.0
填空题 Chapter 1 1.The British Isles are situated in the northwest of Europe. They are cut off from the continent by the English Channel. On the north and the east the Isles face the North Sea,and on the west they face the Atlantic Ocean. The full title of the United Kingdom is The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 3.Before the early 20th century, Northern Ireland was part of Ireland as a whole. In 1920, it become part of the United Kingdom, with a separated parliament and self-government. There were originally six countries in Northern Ireland. But since 1973 it has a single-tier system of 26 administrative districts. 4.The climate in Britain is moderated by the Atlantic Gulf Stream, and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude. The climate is generally equable, but the day to day conditions are changeable. Chapter 2 1.The Welsh, the Scots, the Irish are the descendants of Celts who came from Europe to the British Isles centuries before the Roman invasion. It was these people whom the Germanic Anglos and Saxons conquered in the5th and 6th centuries AD. These Germanic conquerors were conquered in turn by the Norman French, when
英美国家概况课后题及答案 Chapter 2 1.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(T) 2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(T) 3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe--- the Britons.(T) 4.The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century.(T) 5.The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F) 6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T) 7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.(T) 8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople.(F) 9.The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans foe trade and territory.(F) 10.In an effort to make a promise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(T)
英美概况考试重点复习材料（英国部分） 英美概况考试重点复习材料（英国部分） Chapter 1第一章 Land and People 英国的国土与人民 I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称及其各组成部分 1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。 2. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 官方正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 3. The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones.不列颠群岛由两个大岛—大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个小岛组成。 4. Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wale大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。
(1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section.英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区。 (2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。它有三大自然区：北部高地，中部低地及南部山陵。首府：爱丁堡。 (3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府：加的夫 (4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast.北爱尔兰是英国第四个区域。首府：贝尔法斯特。 5. The monwealth (of nations) is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has about 50 member countries until 1991. 英联邦是独立的前英国殖民地组成的自由联合体。它成立于1931 年，至1990年止已有约50个成员国。 Chapter 2 第二章 The Origins of a Nation (5000BC-1066)英国的起源（公元前5000年—1066年）
Chapter1 1.The two main islands of the British Isles are A . 不列颠群岛的两个主要岛屿是 A. Great Britain and Ireland B. Great Britain and Scotland C. Great Britain and Wales D. Great Britain and England 2. B is the capital city of Scotland. 是苏格兰的首府 A. Belfast B. Edinburgh C. Aberdeen D. Cardiff 3.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, D is the smallest. 在英国的四个部分中，是最小的 A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland 4.group of Indo-European family of languages. A. Celtic B. Indo-Iranian C. Germanic D. Roman 5.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of D words to English. 基督教传入英国，增加了英语的第一个元素。 A. Danish and Finnish B. Dutch and German C. French and Italian D. Latin and Greek 6.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the A influence. 中间英语的演变因影响而增强 A. Norman B. Dutch C. German D. Danish 7.Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of C . 塞缪尔约翰逊的字典对建立标准形式有很大影响 A. grammar B. handwriting C. spelling D. pronunciation 8.’s population communicate in English. A. half B. a quarter C. one third D. one fifth Chapter2 9. A. Norman B. Danish C. Celtic D. Germanic 10. A. Celtic Christianity B. Anglo-Saxon Christianity C. Germanic Christianity D. Roman Christianity 11.The C marked the establishment of feudalism in England. 标志着英国封建制度的建立 A. Viking invasion B. signing of the Magna Carta C. Norman Conquest D. Adoption of common law 12.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of C . 玫瑰战争的结束导致了统治的结束
期末考试 一、单项选择题 1. The UK is bordered on the _____ by the English Channel. A. east B. west C. north D. south 【正确答案】D 【答案解析】答案选D。The UK is bordered on the south by the English Channel.参见教材P86。 本题知识点：Geographical features(UK), 2. The narrowest part of the English Channel is called _____. A. the Straits of Dover B. Chunnel C. Strait of Gibraltar D. Marroqui 【正确答案】A 【答案解析】答案选A。The English Channel between England and France is quite narrow and the narrowest part is called the Straits of Dover.参见教材P86。 本题知识点：Geographical features(UK),
3. The UK has a _____ climate. A. arid climates B. semi-humid C. continental D. maritime 【正确答案】D 【答案解析】答案选D。The UK has a maritime climate.参见教材P88。本题知识点：Climate(UK), 4. The UK is an island country which lies between latitude _____ north. A. 50° to 60° B. 30° to 40° C. 40° to 50° D. 60° to 70° 【正确答案】A 【答案解析】答案选A。The UK is an island country which lies between latitude 50° to 60° north.参见教材P88。 本题知识点：Climate(UK), 5. The UK has a _____ throughout the whole year.
1.Off the coast of mainland Western Europe lie two islands called the British Isles of which the big one is the island of ___ , or ___ , and the small one is the island of __ . 2.Britainis divided into three par ts: ___ . and . 3.LondonGMT is s hort for, which i s the time o n the line o f __ (deg r ee) longitu de, which pa sses through ____ , a d istrict of s outheast, u sed as a bas is for calcu lati ng time throughout t he world in d iff ere nt ti me zon es. 4.United KingdomThe national fl ag of thei s also calle d ____ or __ . 5.Englandwas once conquer ed by , ____ z and . 6.EnglandOf the fou r nations,feel mo st British,is the most confid ent of its o wn identity’and__ i s most clos ely related to. https://www.doczj.com/doc/b510883669.html,Monetary unit of is __ . https://www.doczj.com/doc/b510883669.html, , __ , and are majo r industries in. https://www.doczj.com/doc/b510883669.html, __ , ___ , and __ a re major tr ading partne rs of. https://www.doczj.com/doc/b510883669.html,is k nown as"； due to its decline s in economy . 11.National Ho liday of UK is ___ ? 12.and weakened the European monarchies,and introdu ced the age of con stitut ional mon arc hy, a mon arc hy with powe rs limited b y Parliame nt ? 13?UKThree major national pa rties of ar e ___ , and . 14. Depe nding on the rela tive st re ngt hs of the pa rties in the House of Co mmons, the 0 pposition ma y try to ove rthrow the G overnment by defeating i t on a vote. 25.The Prime Minis ter's offici al reside nee is ______ ,which is the symbol of t he British G overnment. https://www.doczj.com/doc/b510883669.html,In , Ministers are appoint ed by the Qu een on the r ecommendatio n of __ ? 17.EnglandAs the langu age of, Eng lish is a la nguage belon ging to the branchofthe family. 18.S tandard Engl ish is vario usly known a s ___ …__ a nd ___ or __ . https://www.doczj.com/doc/b510883669.html, and are very p opular Chris tian festiva Is in. 20. a system n ow in gen era I use of arr an ging the m on ths in the year and th e days in th e mon th, int roduced by P ope Gregory X III (1502-85). 21.The only re ally importa nt patriotic festival is ____ on w hich __ are remember ed in specia I church ser vices and ci vicceremoni es. https://www.doczj.com/doc/b510883669.html,The popul ation ofis nearly million. https://www.doczj.com/doc/b510883669.html, , and __ are the main language us ed in. https://www.doczj.com/doc/b510883669.html, is nationa I nickname o f. 25?The Engli sh have a mi xed cultural heritage co mbining , ____ 〃and element s. 26.The Englis h have many differences in regional speech. The Chief divisi on is betwee n _ and __ . 27.WalesThe ancestors of the Welsh w ere _________ ,who escaped to the wild mountains of form the i n vadi ng Angl es and Sax on s. 28.Today abou t_____ % of the Welsh p opulation st ill speak We Ish as their first Iangu age and abou t ______ % of the Welsh p eople speak only Welsh,and