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08主谓一致——精讲深剖单句语法填空1.（2019全国I 卷）Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _____ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.【答案】are【解析】考查主谓一致。
根据three are declining ，此处数词six 作主语，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用复数谓语，一般现在时，故填are 。
2.（2018全国I 卷）While running regularly can't make you live forever ，the review says it (be) moreeffective at lengthening life than walking ，cycling or swimming.【答案】is【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。
本文介绍了跑步的好处，通篇以一般现在时为主。
本句中宾语从句与主句的时态应保持一致，故用一般现在时；且宾语从句中的主语为it ，故用is 。
3.（2017全国I 卷）Fast food(be) full of fat and salt ；by eating more fast food people will get more salt andfat than they need in their diet.【答案】is【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。
根据行文的时态可知，此处用一般现在时；句子的主语fast food(快餐)是不可数名词短语，故填be 的第三人称单数形式is 。
单句改错1.（2018全国III 卷）The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks ，and mistakesas well.【答案】include 改为includes 。
专题04 介词——精讲深剖单句语法填空1.（2019全国I 卷）Modem methods ______ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area. 【答案】of/for【解析】考查介词。
此处tracking polar bear populations 作Modern methods 的定语，用of 连接，“methods of doing sth.”,意为“…的方法”，构成固定结构。
或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用for 。
故填of/for 。
2. （2019全国III 卷）We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ______ dogs ，seven to be exact. 【答案】of【解析】考查介词。
“a pack of”意为“一群”。
故填of 。
3.（2019浙江卷）The answer ______ this question is not clear. 【答案】to【解析】考查介词。
句意：这个问题的答案不清楚。
the key/answer to ...这是固定搭配，“……的答案是……”。
故填to 。
4.（2018全国I 卷）While running regularly can't make you live forever ，the review says it is more effective at lengthening life walking ，cycling or swimming.than 【答案】than【解析】考查介词。
根据句中的more 可知，此处应用介词than 引出比较对象。
专题12 定语从句——高效演练一. 单句语法填空1.Many young people，most of ________were well－educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. 【答案】whom【解析】考查定语从句的用法。
句意：很多年轻人前往偏远地区去追逐他们的梦想，他们中的很多人都受过良好教育。
根据句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为Many young people，作介词of的宾语，故要用whom。
2.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，________ the weather may be better.【答案】when【解析】句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。
考查定语从句。
先行词是next week，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少时间状语，所以用when3．(天津高考改编)One day，mentally exhausted，I wrote down all the reasons ________ this problem could not be solved.【答案】why【解析】句意：一天，精疲力竭，我写下这个问题不能解决的所有原因。
考查定语从句。
从句缺少原因状语，用why引导。
4．(浙江高考改编)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of ________ has been proved.【答案】which【解析】句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪，科学家已经提出了很多理论，没有一个得到了证明。
考查定语从句，先行词是theories，指物，定语从句中用“代词＋介词＋关系代词which”引导。
2020年高考英语全国卷12长难句分析(原文)And the Good Morning Britain presenter says shes been able to put a lot of what shes learnt into practice inher own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam,14, Finn,13, and Jack,11、(译文)这位“早安，英国”的电视节目主持人说，她能够在自己的家里把许多学到的东西付诸实践，为14岁的儿子山姆，13岁的芬恩，和11岁的杰克准备膳食。
(分析)这是一个多重复合句，主句And the Good Morning Britain presenter says后面跟的是省略了that的宾语从句。
宾语从句本身也是复合句，其中what shes learnt 也是宾语从句，preparing meals for sons, Sam,14, Finn,13, and Jack,11是-ing形式做伴随状语。
2 (全国卷1阅读C)(原文)The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot,wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers、 (译文)一般的规律是，温和地带的通常为许多人所使用的语言相对较少，而炎热潮湿地带的语言较多，通常为少数人所使用。
(分析)这是一个复合句，句中that引导一个表语从句；从句中often spoken by many people和often spoken by small numbers为-ed形式做定语，分别修饰few languages和lots。
同时while在句中做并列连词，意为“然而”，表示对比。
高考英语语法复习定语从句知识讲解一、概念定义：用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫做定语从句。
简单地讲：定语从句就是修饰名词或代词的作定语的句子。
大家要清楚一个概念，那就是它就相当于一个形容词，作后置定语，所以定语从句通常又被称为形容词性从句。
可以解释为什么什么样的人或物。
☆前置形容词的位置顺序：Op sh a c o m （记住这个无意义的单词）: opinion shape age colour origin materialtwo very nice small French wooden chairsan interesting little red French oil painting定语从句的位置只能放在它所修饰词的后面，被修饰的词我们叫它“先行词”。
Tom, who is 17, is my classmate.Tom is my classmate, who is 17.（Tom就是先行词）二、结构被修饰的名词 / 代词 + 关系词 + 从句"被修饰的名词/代词“ = "先行词"这儿要强调的是先行词只能是名词或代词“先行词”与“关系词”之间实质上是互等、互换的关系。
关系词的作用就是将先行词所表达意义“代到”从句中来起作用。
“先行词”往往是分别重复出现在两个句中(主句和从句)的名词或代词。
先行词可以看成区别定语从句和名词性从句的标记。
看以下两句：That’s all that I have told him. 此句为定语从句，先行词为allThat’s what I have told him. 此句为表语从句，由what引导，没有先行词。
★那为什么一定要有关系词呢？关系词可以看作是连接主句和从句的桥梁，它指代先行词在从句中充当一个句子成份。
这就体现了英语句子的链形结构，英语的句子逻辑性很强，就象一环扣一环的链条。
专题14 名词性从句——精讲深剖真题速递一．单句语法填空1.（2019全国卷I）While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence they range all the way across the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada.【答案】that【解析】考查同位语从句。
根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，故填that。
2. （2018全国卷III）I'm not sure 61 is more frightened，me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.【答案】who【解析】考查宾语从句。
句意：我不确定谁受到了更大的惊吓，是我还是那只不知从何处突然出现的雌性大猩猩。
根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“谁”，故填who。
二．单项选择1.（2019江苏卷）Scientists have obtained more evidence ___________ plastic is finding its way into the human body.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. where【答案】B【解析】考查同位语从句。
句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。
从句不缺句子成分，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。
故选B。
2.（2018江苏卷）By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.A. whereB. whenC. whyD. how【答案】D【解析】考查名词性从句。
2020全国高考汇编之定语从句一（2020 安徽卷）22. The exact year ________ AngeIa and her family SPellt togetherin China WaS 2008.A.WhenB. WhereC. WhyD. WhiCh【考点】考察左语从句【答案】D【解析】本题定语从句的先行词是the exact year,后而的宦语从句AngeIa and her family SPent together in China中动词SPent后面缺少宾语,所以使用关系代词WhiCh引导这个龙语从句，并在句中做宾语。
Where的先行词通常是指地点的名词，关系副词When的先行词通常是表示时间的塔词，Why的先行词是the reason。
ABC三项通常在句中做状语。
Which 在定语从句里做主语，宾语或者表语。
句义：Angela和他的家人一起在中国度假确切是在2008年。
故D正确。
【试题延伸】泄语从句的考査主要就是考査关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whose, whom, as. WhO在句中做主语,宾语，表语或者定语;where, why, When在句中做状语。
要分析句子成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。
【举一反三】BetWeen the two PartS Of the ConCert is an interval, _______ the audience Can buy ice-cream.A. WhenB. WhereC. thatD. WhiCh【答案】A【考点】考査定语从句。
【解析】句意：音乐会的两大构成部分中间有幕间休息时间，在这段时间里观众可以去买冰激凌。
When引导的宦语从句修饰an interval, When在从句中作时间状语。
首先解析句子结构，判断从句类型，题「说“在音乐会中间有间歇，此时你可以买冰激凌。
”题「的前半部分完整无缺,后半部分补充说明这个间歇你可以干的事，所以这是一个非限定性左语从句, 先行词为interval,非限定性圧语从句的功能就是对先行词进行补充说明。
专题01 名词I.单句语法填空1.（2019・全国卷I）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ______ (believe) that populations are increasing.【答案】belief【解析】考查名词。
根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处为名词形式，故填belief。
2.（2019・全国卷III)When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting (compete)to watch，together with the story behind it.【答案】competition【解析】考查名词。
由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式to watch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。
故填competition。
3.（2019・浙江卷)Other American studies showed no ______(connect) between uniforms and school performance. 【答案】connection/connections【解析】考查名词。
句意：其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。
no是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位于名词前，名词可用复数也可用单数形式。
connect是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，要用其名词形式。
故填connection/connections。
4.（2018·6月浙江高考）Making Chinese ( dish)is seen as especially troublesome.【答案】dishes【解析】考查名词单复数。
专题12定语从句——精讲深剖1.（2019·江苏卷·单项填空） We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. A. which B. whatC. whenD. that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。
句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。
句中先行词为an age （一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when 。
故选C 。
2.（2019·天津卷·单项填空）11.Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. A. whyB. whereC. whichD. what【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。
句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。
句中she can say individual words but not full sentences 是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage ，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where ，故选B 。
3.(2019·新课标I 卷·短文改错)One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. 【答案】One afternoonwherewhenI was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. 【解析】考查定语从句。
先行词one afternoon 表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用when 。
2020近5年高考全国卷真题语法专项-定语从句（详解与真题）考查形式：语法填空和短文改错；其次阅读理解和完型填空中长难句的分析等1考点聚焦功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后例如：He is the man who studies in USA.本句中涉及到三个概念：1.先行词即 the man：被定语从句饰的词称为先行词先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing 的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。
数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。
2. 引导词即who:起连接的作用引导词分两类：关系代词和关系副词关系代词：who;which;that;whose;whom关系副词：when;where;why3.从句即studies in USA.：引导词之后的句子。
2考点精讲1. 关系代词: who;which; that; whom; whose其中关系代词who;which;that;whom用于后面的从句缺主语或宾语的情况(1) who:指代先行词是人(可做从句的主语或宾语)She is the girl who I teach in China.(从句缺宾语)That is the man who teaches us English.(从句缺主语)(2) which:指代先行词是物（做从句的主语或宾语）That is the book which I want.(从句缺宾语)There is a bird which stands in the building.(从句缺主语)(3) that: 指代先行词是人或物（做从句的主语或宾语）She is the girl who/that I teach in China.(从句缺宾语)There is a bird which/that stands in the building.(从句缺主语)(4) whom;指代先行词是人，但只用于从句是缺宾语的情况。
高考英语最新定语从句知识点全集汇编附解析一、选择题1．The growth of economy is influenced by a number of factors, ________are beyond our control. A．most of them B．most of that C．most of what D．most of which 2．Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with every human weakness stood at the point in history magic ended and science began.A．who; where B．which; where C．who; when D．which; that 3．Until now, we have raised 100,000 pounds for the poor children, ___________ is quite unexpected.A．that B．which C．who D．it4．Take an active part in programs you enjoy______you can meet various kinds of people. A．what B．when C．that D．where5．I’ve come to the point____I can’t stand her arguing any longer.A．why B．which C．that D．where6．In the darkness we felt our way forward, trying to cross the stream _______ it was shallowest. A．in which B．that C．as D．where7．We all have times of insecurity in life, _____ there is nothing to do but bravely face the feelings of doubt.A．which B．when C．where D．that8．He bought a new building _____top is different from those of the others around.A．what B．which C．that D．whose9．—How did you find your way here？—It was by following the travel brochure _____ the route is clearly clarified.A．that B．how C．where D．which10．He pointed out such a crucial detail about the experiment ______ we could never neglect. A．as B．that C．where D．when11．Allen is good at seizing every opportunity ____ he thinks he can show his best self to others. A．when B．that C．where D．which12．She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ________ allows them to communicate freely with each other.A．which B．whereC．what D．who13．(2014·江西)It was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.A．that B．asC．which D．when14．The other two areas ________ the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation.A．in that B．from which C．with which D．in which 15．Occasions are quite rare ____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.A．who B．which C．why D．when16．The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ agood impression is a must.A．which B．when C．as D．where17．It is a truly delightful place, ________looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.A．as B．whereC．that D．which18．There was a time _______, if a lady got onto a crowded bus or train, a gentleman would immediately stand up and offer her his seat.A．while B．as C．when D．unless 19．Nowadays,villagers are proud of their culture and are actively protecting it,_______in turn improves the local tourism.A．that B．which C．where D．what20．We’re listed some of the most famous flowers have a special significance.A．what B．that C．where D．/21．We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. A．which B．what C．when D．that22．The students enjoyed this new game, _________ was named after the school.A．where B．whose C．which D．who23．Life is like a long race _______ we compete with each other to go beyond ourselves. A．where B．which C．that D．what24．A good advertisement often uses words ________people attach positive meanings.A．that B．which C．with which D．to which25．The art festival is an annual event ______ the students can show off their talents.A．where B．that C．which D．as【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．D解析：D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。
第12题完型填空（一）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
This story happened when I was in Saint Lucia with my family. My sister, Diana, who also 1 to be my best friend and one of the funniest and kindest people I know , went blind in one eye about nine years ago . Diana sometimes feels 2 about the way her eye looks now. The pupil(瞳孔）is no longer black; it's sort of "glows" in photos. Diana recently 3 a special contact lens(隐形眼镜片）that makes her eye look like it did 4 it changed color, but she doesn't wear this lens often because it becomes quite 5 after about an hour .One night during our holiday, a hotel 6 was taking pictures of the guests as they entered the area 7 for dinner. Diana casually said if she had known there was going to be pictures taken to 8 this special memory, she would have worn her contact lens so her eye wouldn't be so shiny in the picture .9 , I was sitting with Diana and her husband Ted . While we were talking , the photographer who had been at the dinner the night before , 10 her a photo , leaned in and quietly said , " I 11 the color of your eyes in the picture . "As he walked away , my sister happily said to me and Ted , " Look ! He fixed my 12 ! " The photographer stopped . He 13 around and walked back to our table. He put his hand on Diana's shoulder, 14 in again and gently said, "Just to be clear: I didn't fix your eye. There isn't anything wrong with your eye. I 15 matched the color."Her eyes filled up with tears. It was very healing for her 16 to hear these beautiful words. It didn't take much time and made so much 17 . It helped her change the way she feels about herself .I have always loved the 18 :"The world is full of good people. If you can't 19 one, be one!"Your acts of 20 can impact on the world in profound ways!1. A. appears B. happens C. tends D. proves【答案】B【解析】“我”的姐姐戴安娜碰巧（happens)也是“我”最好的朋友。
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及审查大纲
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及《矿产资源开发利用方案》审查大纲一、概述
㈠矿区位置、隶属关系和企业性质。
如为改扩建矿山, 应说明矿山现状、
特点及存在的主要问题。
㈡编制依据
(1简述项目前期工作进展情况及与有关方面对项目的意向性协议情况。
(2 列出开发利用方案编制所依据的主要基础性资料的名称。
如经储量管理部门认定的矿区地质勘探报告、选矿试验报告、加工利用试验报告、工程地质初评资料、矿区水文资料和供水资料等。
对改、扩建矿山应有生产实际资料, 如矿山总平面现状图、矿床开拓系统图、采场现状图和主要采选设备清单等。
二、矿产品需求现状和预测
㈠该矿产在国内需求情况和市场供应情况
1、矿产品现状及加工利用趋向。
2、国内近、远期的需求量及主要销向预测。
㈡产品价格分析
1、国内矿产品价格现状。
2、矿产品价格稳定性及变化趋势。
三、矿产资源概况
㈠矿区总体概况
1、矿区总体规划情况。
2、矿区矿产资源概况。
3、该设计与矿区总体开发的关系。
㈡该设计项目的资源概况
1、矿床地质及构造特征。
2、矿床开采技术条件及水文地质条件。
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及审查大纲
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及《矿产资源开发利用方案》审查大纲一、概述
㈠矿区位置、隶属关系和企业性质。
如为改扩建矿山, 应说明矿山现状、
特点及存在的主要问题。
㈡编制依据
(1简述项目前期工作进展情况及与有关方面对项目的意向性协议情况。
(2 列出开发利用方案编制所依据的主要基础性资料的名称。
如经储量管理部门认定的矿区地质勘探报告、选矿试验报告、加工利用试验报告、工程地质初评资料、矿区水文资料和供水资料等。
对改、扩建矿山应有生产实际资料, 如矿山总平面现状图、矿床开拓系统图、采场现状图和主要采选设备清单等。
二、矿产品需求现状和预测
㈠该矿产在国内需求情况和市场供应情况
1、矿产品现状及加工利用趋向。
2、国内近、远期的需求量及主要销向预测。
㈡产品价格分析
1、国内矿产品价格现状。
2、矿产品价格稳定性及变化趋势。
三、矿产资源概况
㈠矿区总体概况
1、矿区总体规划情况。
2、矿区矿产资源概况。
3、该设计与矿区总体开发的关系。
㈡该设计项目的资源概况
1、矿床地质及构造特征。
2、矿床开采技术条件及水文地质条件。
