语言学选择题练习
Ⅲ. There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best complete
the statement:
1. The morpheme “vision” in the common word “television” is a(n) ______.
A. bound morpheme
B. bound form
C. inflectional morpheme
D. free morpheme
2. The compound word “bookstore” is the place where books are sold. This indicates that the
meaning of a compound __________.
A. is the sum total of the meaning of its components
B. can always be worked out by looking at the meanings of morphemes
C. is the same as the meaning of a free phrase.
D. None of the above.
3. The part of speech of the compounds is generally determined by the part of speech of
__________.
A. the first element
B. the second element
C. either the first or the second element
D. both the first and the second elements
4. _______ are those that cannot be used independently but have to be combined with other
morphemes, either free or bound, to form a word.
A. Free morphemes
B. Bound morphemes
C. Bound words
D. Words
5. _________ is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the
rules by which words are formed.
A. Syntax
B. Grammar
C. Morphology
D. Morpheme
6. The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is _______.
A. lexical
B. morphemic
C. grammatical
D. semantic
7. Bound morphemes are those that ___________.
A. have to be used independently
B. can not be combined with other morphemes
C. can either be free or bound
D. have to be combined with other morphemes
8. _______ modify the meaning of the stem, but usually do not change the part of speech of
the original word.
A. Prefixes
B. Suffixes
C. Roots
D. Affixes
9. _________ are often thought to be the smallest meaningful units of language by the
linguists.
A. Words
B. Morphemes
C. Phonemes
D. Sentences
10. “-s” in the word “books” is _______.
A. a derivative affix
B. a stem
C. an inflectional affix
D. a root
11 Of all the speech organs, the _______ is/are the most flexible.
A. mouth
B. lips
C. tongue
D. vocal cords
12. The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are ____ sounds.
A. voiceless
B. voiced
C. vowel
D. consonantal
13. __________ is a voiced alveolar stop.
A. /z/
B. /d/
C. /k/
D. /b/
14. The assimilation rule assimilates one sound to another by “copying”a feature of a
sequential phoneme, thus making the two phones ____________.
A. identical
B. same
C. exactly alike
D. similar
15. Since /p/ and /b/ are phonetically similar, occur in the same environments and they can
distinguish meaning, they are said to be ___________.
A. in phonemic contrast
B. in complementary distribution
C. the allophones
D. minimal pair
16. The sound /f/ is _________________.
A. voiced palatal affricate
B. voiced alveolar stop
C. voiceless velar fricative
D. voiceless labiodental fricative
17. A ____ vowel is one that is produced with the front part of the tongue maintaining the highest
position.
A. back
B. central
C. front
D. middle
18. Distinctive features can be found running over a sequence of two or more phonemic
segments. The phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments are called
_______.
A. phonetic components
B. immediate constituents
C. suprasegmental features
D. semantic features
19. A(n) ___________ is a unit that is of distinctive value. It is an abstract unit, a collection of
distinctive phonetic features.
A. phone
B. sound
C. allophone
D. phoneme
20.The different phones which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are called the ____ of that phoneme.
A. phones
B. sounds
C. phonemes
D. allophones
21. If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be
_______.
A. prescriptive B. analytic C. descriptive D. linguistic
22. Modern linguistics regards the written language as _______.
A. primary B. correct C. secondary D. stable
23. A historical study of language is a _______ study of language.
A. synchronic B. diachronic C. prescriptive D. comparative
24. According to F. de Saussure, _______ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the
mem- bers of a
speech community.
A. parole B. performance C. langue D. Language
25. Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the
speaker. This feature is called _______,
A. displacement B. duality C. flexibility D. cultural transmission
26. Of all the speech organs, the _______ is/are the most flexible.
A. mouth B. lips C. tongue D. vocal cords
27. The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are ____ sounds.
A. voiceless B. voiced C. vowel D. consonantal
28. Since /p/ and /b/ are phonetically similar, occur in the same environments and they can
distinguish meaning,
they are said to be ___________.
A. in phonemic contrast B. in complementary distribution
C. the allophones D. minimal pair
29. A ____ vowel is one that is produced with the front part of the tongue maintaining the highest
position.
A. back B. central C. front D. middle
