简介. (2)
一、定语从句 (3)
考点一关系代词who, that, which
二、宾语从句 (7)
考点一引导词 (7)
考点二语序 (9)
考点三时态 (11)
解题技巧点拨 (12)
三、宾语从句预测 (17)
中考考情分析 (17)
中考考情预测及练习 (18)
一、课程级别与授课对象
本次课程的受众是初三复习阶段的学生，内容是主从复合句中的定语从句和宾语从句考点的梳理。
定语从句实际上是高中阶段的一个语法重难点，设置在9上 Unit8 Detective Stories 这个章节，要求学生们掌握定语从句的知识原理，其目的是为了衔接初中与高中的教学内容，给高中阶段定语从句的学习做一个铺垫。定语从句不是中考所热衷的考点，近两年江苏中考都没有对定语从句直接命题。但是定语从句的考点单一，易于拿分，性价比很高。并且完形填空与阅读理解的文章中含有定语从句，掌握定语从句有利于理解能力的提高。
宾语从句是中考的基本考点，近五年南京中考除了2013年没有就此命题，其他年份至少出现一道单项选择题。宾语从句的考点清晰，集中在语序、引导词和时态上。解答宾语从句的题目，需要学生们熟悉各种题型，迅速找到解题的切入点。
二、数据分析
三、课程安排
定语从句
一、原理知识梳理
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。关系代词或者关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。
定语从句的基本结构：先行词＋关系词＋句子
句子翻译：
村里有个姑娘叫小芳，长的好看又善良，一双美丽的大眼睛，辫子粗又长。
There is a girl in the village. Her name is Xiaofang. She is good looking and kind. Her eyes are beautiful. Her braids are rough and long.
升级：There is a girl in the village whose name is Xiaofang, who is good looking and kind, whose eyes are beautiful and whose braids are rough and long.
整理：
There is a girl in the village （whose name is Xiaofang），
（who is good looking and kind），
（whose eyes are beautiful），
（whose braids are rough and long）.
括号里的成分都是修饰前面的girl，即修饰名词，我们称之为定语从句；被修饰的这个名词叫先行词；连接先行词和定语从句并在定语从句中充当成分的疑问词叫做关系词。
二、中考考查情况
2.1 考查内容：定语从句的关系词
2010-2014年共考查了7道定语从句的题目，都是考查定语从句的关系词。
2.2 考查形式：
主要考查定语从句的关系代词who、that、which
2.3 真题解析：
2.3．1 先行词是人，定语从句的关系代词是who、that
e.g.1(2010.镇江）
The girl _______ won the gold medal comes from Beijing Sunshine Secondary School.
A. who
B. which
C. what
D. whom
Key：A
Note: “赢得金牌的这个女孩来自北京阳光中学。”
先行词The girl，修饰人；代入从句是原词带入，即选用关系代词，选A。
Practice
(2010.扬州)
—The volunteers are doing a great job in Yushu.
—Yes. They are helping the people ________ are suffering from the earthquake.
A. which
B. what
C. /
D. who
Key: D
Note: “—志愿者们在玉树表现得很好。—对，他们正在帮助那些在地震中受灾的人。”“在地震中受灾的人”是修饰“the people”，所以“the people”是先行词，代入从句是原词带入，即选用关系代词，又修饰人，应选D项。
2.3．2 先行词是物，定语从句的关系代词是which、that
e.g.2 (2010.常州）
They want to develop a kind of dog-friendly food _________ will help dog owners cool down pets.
A. who
B. what
C. which
D. whether
Key：C
Note: “他们想要研制一种让狗变得友好的狗粮，狗主人们可以用它让宠物们安静下来。”先行词是food，定语从句修饰物，代入从句是原词带入，即选用关系代词，选C。
e.g.3 (2012.南京）
The English-Chinese dictionary ______ my father bought for me many years ago is still of great value.
A.whose
B. when
C. who
D. that
Key：D
Note: “我爸爸几年前买给我的英汉辞典现在仍然很有用。”
先行词The English-Chinese dictionary，定语从句修饰物，代入从句是原词带入，即选用关系代词，选D。
三、聚焦先行词
3.1 用先行词填空
.The boy who/that is playing ping-pong is my classmate.
.The e-mail which/that I received yesterday was from my sister.
.I’ve never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.
3.2先行词只用that的情形
（1）先行词里同时含人和物
（2）当先行词是all， any， few， little， none， anything， everything， nothing，everybody，nobody，everyone， no one 或被它们修饰时
（3）当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时
（4）当先行词有the very， the only， the same等修饰时
（5）当主句以who或which开头时
3.3 升级练习
e.g.(2012.扬州)
Zhang Lili is considered as the most beautiful teacher ______ gave her love to her students in danger.
A. who
B. that
C. whom
D. which
Key：B
Note：先行词是 teacher，并且先行词被形容词最高级修饰，只能选B。
判断先行词是否正确
1、The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.（√）
2、Is there anything which I can do for you？（×）
3、He answered few questions which the teacher asked. （×）
4、That is the most interesting book that I have ever read. （√）
5、The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons. （√）
6、Tha t’s the only thing which I can do now. （×）
7、These are the very words which he used. （×）
8、Who is the girl who spoke to you just now？（×）
9、Which is the pen that you lost？（√）
3.4 强化提高
e.g.1 (2011.扬州）
One of the most interesting places in Yangzhou _________ are often visited by foreigners is the West Slender Lake.
A. what
B. who
C. that
D. /
Key: C
Note: 先行词places，并且最高级修饰先行词，所以只能选C项。
本题的难点在于先行词的定位，不同于前述真题，本题最靠近定语从句的是“in Yangzhou”，因此很多同学会误将“Yangzhou”当作先行词。但是“in Yangzhou”是介词短语修饰前面的名词places，先行词是名词（或代词），所以应当是“places”作先行词。并且分析句意可知，外国人常去游玩的地点是瘦西湖，不是指整个扬州。
e.g.2 (2012.盐城)
By around 900 AD, there were many places in Northern Europe ______ the Vikings chose to live.
A.in which
B. when
C. which
D. at which
Key：A
Note: step1:确定先行词，应当是places，“in Northern Europe”作地点状语修饰“places”且根据文意不是定语从句修饰的对象。
step2: 将先行词代入定语从句，“the Vikings chose to live in places”，所以定语从句缺少状语成分，选A。
本题是7道真题中唯一考查介词与先行词搭配的，与其它六题的差别在选项中有“in which”、“at which”这种包含介词的选项，还有“when”这个关系副词，所以题干的空缺成分不限于关系代词，同学们的思路一定要打开。
这种题目的解题步骤：
step1：分析先行词（人or物）
step2: 将先行词代入从句中（判断其作什么成分）
四、总结
定语从句考查关系词，同学们要重点区分that、which、who的用法。
宾语从句
一、原理知识梳理
1.1 宾语从句需要注意三点
（1）宾语从句的语序是陈述语序；
（2）引导词看文意（通常对应答语）；
（3）时态对应主句的时态。
1.2 宾语从句的语序
1.2.1 考查内容1. 语序
宾语从句的语序应该是陈述语序。陈述语序的句子结构是主语＋谓语。
江苏省考查宾语从句的语序时，通常是给你4个长句作为选项，这些选项的句子结构则是疑问词＋主语＋谓语，所以做语序题目的时候，我们可以挡住疑问词，直接判定后面的结构。
e.g（2011·湖北·武汉）
—Can I join you？—Sure, we are talking about _____.
A. when shall we go to the movie
B. how can we go there
C. who should we go with
D. why we like the movie
key：D
Note：句子跟在talk后面应该是宾语从句，宾语从句是陈述语序，所以选择D选项。
1、（2011·浙江·杭州）
Franklin told them all ______ to be in Britain again.
A. he was how happy
B. how happy he was
C. how was he happy
D. he was happy how
Key：B
Note：考查宾语从句，应用陈述语序，选择B。
2、（2011?无锡）
Could you tell me how long __________ the football club?
A. you have joined
B. have you joined
C. you have been in
D. have you been in
Key：C
Note：考查宾语从句，因为宾语从句是陈述语序，所以排除B和D，how long说明动作有C。
Could/Would 引导表达请求的问句，表示现在，语气更婉转。
1.2.2考查内容2. 语序＋时态
语序有时候会结合时态进行考查。
宾语从句的时态可以概括为一个顺口溜：主现从不限，主过从要变。（主语是现在时，那么从句的时态不受限制；主句是过去时，那么从句的时态要变成相应的过去时态）中考的真题比较简单，主句多为现在时，所以从句的时态不受限制。我们分析时态题时，最简单的情况就是直接找时间词，即使没有时间词也可以通过分析文意解决。
e.g（2011·山东·济宁）
Can you tell me ______ after this exam ?
A. what you did
B. what did you do
C. what will you do
D. what you will do
Key: D
Note:根据语序，排除B和C选项；after this exam说明应该用将来时。
1、（2011·四川·德阳）
—Do you know _____ this time yesterday?
—Sorry, I don’t know.
A. what she is doing
B. what was she doing
C. what she was doing
Key：C
Note：根据语序排除B选项，从“this time yesterday”可知，应该用过去时，选C。
2、（2010·河北）
Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me _____?
A. where you buy it
B. where do you buy it
C. where you bought it
D. where did you buy it
Key：C
Note：通过语序，排除B和D；T恤是过去买的，过去时选择C。
1.2.3 疑问词作主语
我们已经知道what’s the matter和what’s wrong在宾语从句中语序是不用改变的，因为它们的主语就是what，除了这两种固定搭配之外，还有其他一些疑问词作宾语从句主语的情况。
e.g1(2011?铜仁)
—Can you tell me _____?
—I lost my MP3 player.
A. what‘s the matter with you
B. what the matter is with you
C. what the matter you is
D. what the matter with you are.
Key: A
Note: what’s the matter是固定搭配。
e.g2（2011·山西）
—Mr. Li, I found a watch on the playground.
—You should try to find out_____.
A.whose is the watch
B.who is the owner of the watch
C. whom does the watch belong to
Key：B
Note：A、C是疑问句语序，B项是疑问词作主语的陈述句语序。
1.3 考查内容3. 引导词
由连词that引导的宾语从句
I wish (that) she would understand me.我希望她能理解我。
We have reason to believe that she knew the victim quite well.我们有理由相信，她跟
（1）当that从句作learn，suggest，explain等动词的宾语
I have learned that you’re interested in history.
She felt that she was like driving a plane.
（2）当宾语从句较长时
I think that there is nothing wrong with your computer.
（3）当宾语从句与谓语从句被状语（从句）或其他句子成分分隔开时
He said that, if I tried my best, I would do better.
（4）当一个动词带有两个或两个以上并列的宾语从句时，第二个that不可省略
She tells me (that) I should work hard and that I must be honest.
（5）当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语，或有it作形式宾语时
I consider it necessary that you should drink milk.
（6）当wh-和how引导的宾语从句与that引导的宾语从句作并列宾语从句时
I know where he lives and that he is an engineer.
1.3.2 由连词if／whether引导的宾语从句
He wondered if the letter was miscarried.他想那封信是不是误投了。
I don’t care whether we win or lose.我不在乎我们是输还是赢。
1.3.3 由how、when等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句
He explained how the tool was used.他解释了这个工具怎样使用。
我不明白她为什么会嫁给他。
e.g1（2013·浙江·丽水）
--- I’m going to buy a car. Any advice, Charlie?
--- Well, it depends on _____. If money isn’t a problem, you can buy a BMW.
A. when you will buy one
B. how much you can afford
C. what colour you like
D. where you are driving
Key：B
Note：根据后文“如果钱不是问题，你可以买宝马”可以知道前面是与钱有关，那么应该用how much引导，所以选B。
e.g2（2013·山东·青岛）
—Could you tell me _____?
— At the end of July.
A. how often he heard from his pen pal
B. how soon he will be here
C. that he went on vacation
D. when you will start your vacation
Key：D
Note：回答说“在七月末”，所以引导词应该是when，选D。
4. 时态
宾语从句可根据实际情况选用所需要的任
何时态，如：
He says that he will finish the work tomorrow.他说他明天会完成工作。
I think that they have already gone to Beijing.我认为他们已经去北京了。
2、若主句谓语动词是一般过去时，则宾语从句动词时态用过去时的某种形式，如：
She asked if/whether he was leaving for Shanghai soon.她问他是否将要离开上海。
他说过他的假期很愉快。
e.g1（2013·四川·内江）
I don’t know if he_____ to the English Corner, but I’ll ask him about when he _____ to the class.
A. goes, will come
B. will go, will come
C. goes, comes
D. will go , comes
Key：D
Note：if引导的是宾语从句，分析文意，应该是“我不知道他是否会去英语角”，所以应该用将来时。when引导的是状语从句，状语从句中主句是将来时，从句是一般现在时。选择D选项。
e.g2（2014·河北）
The teacher is already standing here. Do you know when she ______?
A. comes
B. came
C. is coming
D. was coming
Key：B
Note：when引导的是宾语从句，主句是现在时，从句该用什么时态用什么时态。老师已经站在这里了，所以come这个动作是过去发生的，选B选项。
二、解题技巧点拨
宾语从句的知识点是非常丰富的，但是根据江苏省近5年中考考情统计发现，中考对宾语从句的考查紧紧围绕宾语从句的三大考点：语序、引导词、时态。宾语从句在中考中的题型，特征明显，可以概括为四种题型：引导词、语序、语序＋引导词、语序＋时态四种题型。下面我们就通过真题感受一下中考的命题规律。
2.1 考点1. 引导词
e.g（2013·泰州）
—Would you please tell me ______?
—Bus No.22 will take you there.
B.who will we go with to Meilanfang Theater
C.what can we see in Qinghu Wetland Park
D.w hen we will leave for the Water Forest
E.how we can get to the Old Street
Key：D
Note: “—你能告诉我去老街的路线吗？—乘坐22路公交车可以到那里。”选项的四个引导词不同，所以从答语入手，而乘坐22路车是对路线的回答，因此选D项。
（2014?宁波）
—I’d like to visit Kate tomorrow. Do you know _______?
—Sorry, I don’t know her address, either.
A. why she lives there
B. who she lives with
C. where she lives
D. how she lives
Key：C
Note: 选项中四个引导词互不相同，从答语入手。根据答语“Sorry, I don’t know her address, either”—“对不起，我也不知道她的地址。”可知引导词为where，因此选C。
2. 语序
Most children are interested in amazing things, and they wonder_______________.
A. when can they see UFOs
B. how can elephants walk on tiptoe
C. why do fish sleep with their eyes open
D. why there is no plant life without lightning
Key：D
Note: “大多数孩子对奇怪对事物充满兴趣，他们想要知道为什么植物对存活离不开阳光。”只有D选项是陈述语序，故选D项。
1、（2014?黄冈）
—So, can you tell me ______ here today?
—Well, I was walking down Centre Street when a UFO landed.
A. what did you see
B. what you saw
C. when did you see it
D. when you saw
Key：B
Note: 宾语从句应用陈述句语序，D句不完整（没宾语），故选B。“那你能告诉我今天在这里看到什么了吗？”“当时我正在中央街走，这时一个飞碟降落了。”
2、（2014?铜仁）
Do you know ______ an “o” and ______ “u” in the word “computer”?
A. there is; an
B. is there; an
C. there is; a
D. is there; a
Key：C
Note: 宾语从句应用陈述句语序，加之“u”前的冠词为“a”，故选C 。
3. 语序＋引导词
e.g（2014?连云港）
—Jack, could you tell me ________ for travelling this summer?
—We plan to go and see the beautiful sea in Hainan.
A. where your family will go
B. how will your family go
C. how your family will go
D. where will your family go
Key：A
Note:“—杰克，你能告诉我今年夏天你们一家要去哪里玩？—我们计划去海南看海。”首先，通过语序可以排除B、D选项，根据答语可知引导词应该是“where”,故选A。
1、（2014?河南）
—Excuse me, can you tell me _______?
—Sorry, I don’t know. You can go to the information desk.
A. that there is a train
B. when the train leaves
C. which train can I take
D. where does the train go
Key：B
Note:“—打扰一下，你能告诉我……？—真抱歉，我不知道。你可以去服务台咨询。”宾语从句应用陈述句语序，排除选项C、D；根据答语“Sorry, I don’t know.”可知，宾语从句中引导词应是wh-word。故选B项。
2、（2014?鄂州）
—Can you tell me ______?
—In three days.
A. when will they go to the Science Museum
B. how long they have been in New York
C. how soon they will go to see the children left at home
D. what time will they attend the meeting
Key：C
Note: 宾语从句应用陈述句语序，排除A、D选项，根据答语可知引导词应该是“how soon”,故选C。
3、（2014?天津）
—Could you tell me _____ yuanxiao in China?
—Usually at Lantern Festival.
A. when do people eat
B. how do people eat
C. when people eat
D. how people eat
Key：C
Note: 宾语从句应用陈述句语序，排除A、B选项，根据答语可知引导词应该是“when”,故选C。
4. 语序＋时态
e.g（2011?南通）
—Simon, I wonder __________.
—Last Saturday.
A.when the foreign visitors arrived
B.when did the foreign visitors arrive
C.when the foreign visitors will arrive
D.when will the foreign visitors arrive
Key：A
Note:“—西蒙，我想知道外国访客是什么时候来的？—上周六。”首先，通过语序排除B 和D选项，再根据答语可知外国访客已经来过了，所以从句部分应该是过去时态,故选A。
1、（2014?临沂）
—Dad, can you tell me ______ to the amusement park？
—The day after tomorrow.
A. when we are going
B. when we went
C. when are we going
D. when did we go
Key：A
Note: 宾语从句应用陈述句语序，排除选项C、D；根据答语“The day after tomorrow”，从句部分应该是一般将来时,故选A。
2、（2014?北京）
—Do you know ______ the meeting?
—Tomorrow morning.
A. when they had
B. when they are going to have
C. when did they have
D. when are they going to have
Key：B
Note: 宾语从句应是陈述句语序，排除选项C、D；根据答语“Tomorrow morning”，从句部分应该是一般将来时,故选B。
3、（2014?广州）
I don’t understan d ______ such a silly question in class yesterday.
A. why did John ask
B. why John asked
C. why is John asking
D. why John asks
Key：B
Note: 宾语从句应为陈述句语序，排除选项A、C；根据时间“yesterday”，从句部分应该是一般过去时,故选B。
2.5 总结
宾语从句有三大考点：语序、引导词和时态；
宾语从句在江苏中考中共有四种题型：语序、引导词、语序＋引导词、语序＋时态。
三、中考考情分析预测
3.1 南京市中考考情分析
2010年
—Do you know _______ the girl in red is?
—I’m not sure. Maybe a teacher.
A. when
B. how
C. where
D. what
Key：D
Note：
Step1:根据选项判定本题考查宾语从句的引导词。
Step2：针对考点，结合答语“Maybe a teacher”—“可能是位老师”，因此选D。
2011年
Most children are interested in amazing things, and they wonder_______________.
A. when can they see UFOs
B. how can elephants walk on tiptoe
C. why do fish sleep with their eyes open
D. why there is no plant life without lightning
Key：D
Note: “大多数孩子对奇怪对事物充满兴趣，他们想要知道为什么植物对存活离不开阳光。”只有D选项是陈述语序，故选D项。
2012年
—Peter, is there anything else you want to know about China?
—Yes, I am still wondering __________.
A.how is Chinese paper cut made
B.how was the Great Wall built in ancient times
C.why the Chinese people like to play the dragon dance
D.why do the Chinese people eat rice dumplings at Dragon Boat Festival Key：C
Note：根据语序判定选择C。
2014年
—David, could you tell me _________?
—Every four years.
A. when the 2014 World Cup will finish
B. how often the World Cup takes place
C. how many teams take part in the World Cup
D. who may score the most goals in the World Cup
Key：B
Note: 根据答语判定引导词为“how often”，选择B项。
5年宾语从句的考题相对比较简单，2010和2014年考查了引导词，2011和2012年考查了语序。相比江苏其它地区，南京中考就宾语从句的考查，考点单一，难度不大。
2010、2014年的题型特征：有答语；
引导词各不相同。
解题切入点：答语
2011、2012年的题型特征：没有答语或者本身是答语；
有相同的引导词。
解题切入点：语序
3.2 预测与强化
2014年十三市考情分布：
引导词：2题
语序：3题
时态＋语序：3题
引导词＋语序：4题
3.2.1 预测一：语序结合引导词
纵观江苏省13市中考考情，考查频率最高的是语序＋引导词。
解法步骤：
step1:通过语序排除掉两个选项；
—Could you tell me _________? I’d like to take part in it.
—On July 5th.
A. when will the fashion show be held
B. when the fashion show will be held
C. where will the fashion show be held
D. where the fashion show will be held
Note:“—你能告诉我什么时候会办时装秀？我想参加。—七月五号”
step1:宾语从句应该是陈述语序，可以先排除选项A和C；
step2:根据答语,应该是询问时间，所以选B项。
1、（2010·扬州）
—Do you know _________?
—I’m not sure. Maybe an artist.
A. what the man with long hair is
B. what is the man with long hair
C. who the man with long hair is
D. who is the man with long hair
Note: 根据语序排除B、D，根据回答选A。
2、（2013·扬州）
—Could you tell me ___________?
—More than a year.
A.how soon will Yangzhou-Taizhou Airport be built
B.how long has Yangzhou-Taizhou Airport been in service
C.how soon Yangzhou-Taizhou Airport will be built
D.how long Yangzhou-Taizhou Airport has been in service Note: 根据语序排除A、B，根据回答选D。
3、（2014·连云港）
—Jack, could you tell me ________ for travelling this summer? —We plan to go and see the beautiful sea in Hainan.
A. where your family will go
B. how will your family go
C. how your family will go
D. where will your family go
Note: 根据语序排除B、D，根据回答选A。
4、（2012·徐州）
—Tom, please tell me ___________.
—In Sunshine Second School.
A. where will the match take place
B. where the match will take place
C. when will the match take place
D. when the match will take place Note: 根据语序排除A、C，根据回答选B。
5、（2010·宿迁）
—I don’t know _______ now.
—She is much better today.
A. how is she
B. where is she
C. how she is
D. where she is
Note: 根据语序排除A、B，根据回答选C。
6、（2013·宿迁）
—Bob, please tell me _________.
—In South Hill School.
A. where will the match be held
B. where the match will be held
C. when will the match be held
D. when the match will be held Note: 根据语序排除A、C，根据回答选B。
7、（2011·盐城）
一、选择题 1．"I want to know ." said the boy opening the box. A．what's inside the box B．where the box is C．that there's some candy D．how big is the box 2．— I wonder at 6:00 yesterday afternoon. — I was doing my homework in the reading room. A．what were you doing B．what did you do C．what you were doing D．what you are doing 3．—Do you know________? —Of course. The winner is my good friend. A．what is the competition about B．who wins the competition C．what was the competition about D．who won the competition 4．—Could you tell me ______ my work on time? —I think you can ask more friends to help you. A．how can I finish B．how I can finish C．how I could finish 5．—I’m a shy girl and afraid of talking in front of others. I have few friends. Could you tell me ? —You’d better smile to others or take more outdoor activities. A．how I can make many friends B．what I can do C．how I get good grades 6．He wondered ___________. A．that I would leave the next day B．when I would arrive at the airport C．if I have bought a car yesterday D．how could I solve the problem 7．—Could you tell me ________? I am going to pick you up at the airport. —At 15:45 this Friday. A．where you meet me B．who you are coming with C．when you came here D．what time you are arriving 8．—Do you know ________? —It’s a kind of promise. A．when people make resolutions B．why people make resolutions C．what a resolution is 9．—Do you know_____________? —Yes, we’ll take a bus there. A．When we will go to the museum tomorrow. B．When will we go to the museum tomorrow. C．how we will go to the museum tomorrow.
第十一章宾语从句 历届试题 1．越来越多的人意识到遵守交通规则的重要性。(be aware) (Ss00) 2．学生们逐渐认识到友谊胜过金钱，患难朋友才是真朋友。(realize) (Ss01) 3．这个事故使我们意识到安全问题不容忽视。(realize) (Ss02) 4．应该鼓励学生将课堂上所学的知识运用到实践中去。(apply) (S02) 5．你应该就刚才的所作所为向在场的人道歉。．(apologize) (S04) 6．我希望尽快收到你的照片。(hope) (S05) 7．我们相信农民的生活会越来越好。(believe) (S06) 8．物理课上，他没听懂王教授所讲的内容。(fail) (Ss06) I. “that” 1．我告诉她我已把餐具洗好了。(wash up) 2．她说鲁宾逊先生将不得不为那张画付出高价。(pay) 3．我的母亲说我们将在北京逗留两个星期。(stay) 4．我的朋友说他总是遵守交通规则的。(obey) 5．我们在火车上相遇时，她假装不认识我。(pretend) 6．我们很高兴开运动会时天气很好。(glad) 7．从她的声音我认出她就是我们在找的老妇人。(recognize) 8．我希望你能保守秘密。(keep the secret) 9．我猜想你大概是从不休息一刻。(suppose) 10．我肯定他能克服他所遇到的一切困难。(overcome) 11．他向我抱怨，他放在办公室抽屉里的三份中国日报不见了。(complain) 12．大家都知道抽烟有害人体健康。(damage) 13．他说他会不断把他的学校生活告诉我们。(inform) 14．你的文章很令人满意，我肯定你的老师会对它满意的。(satisfy) 15．我很高兴听说他的爷爷决定戒烟了。(stop smoking) 16．医生说这个病人必须立刻隔离。(isolate) 17．她打电话提醒我，由于天气不好，运动会将不举行了。(remind) 18．他们的经验告诉我们戒烟并不难。(stop smoking) 19．她没有料到她的梦想能实现。(come true) 20．她突然发现记不起她父亲对她说的话了。(remember) 21．我肯定这个年青人不久就会苏醒的。(come to life) 22．我们知道他们的工作正在进行。(in progress) 23．研究表明他们已经找到了酸雨的答案。(indicate) 24．他说他要写完那些圣诞卡才离开。(not…until) 25．他向我保证他会把所有书都还给我的。(assure) 26．实验结果显示鸡蛋里含有人体所需要的各种营养成分。(result，contain) 27．你说他今晚要来，可是这完全不可能。(quite) 28．他答应他一定做到不让事故发生。(see to it) 29．他向我保证不再拖拉交作业。(assure) 30．我认为不付出艰苦的劳动就不能成功。(not … without) 31．你必须记住判决不会对我们有利。(mind) 32．没人会料到这一连串的案件与那个沉默寡言的人有关。(have something to do with)
【英语】英语宾语从句常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案) 一、初中英语宾语从句 1．---- David asked______ in China. ----- Of course not. Chinese usually shake hands with a lady as a greeting. A．why he can greet a lady by kissing her B．Why he could greet a lady by kissing her C．Whether he can greet a lady by kissing her D．Whether he could greet a lady by kissing her 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：－大卫问在中国和女士见面打招呼时，是否可以亲吻。－当然不行。中国人和女士见面打招呼时，通常握手。A.why he can greet a lady by kissing her为什么他可以和女士见面打招呼时亲吻她；B.Why he could greet a lady by kissing her为什么他可以和女士见面打招呼时亲吻她；C.Whether he can greet a lady by kissing her他是否可以和女士见面打招呼时亲吻她；D.Whether he could greet a lady by kissing her他是否可以和女士见面打招呼时亲吻她。根据回答可知问的是和女士打招呼时是否可以亲吻。A、B错。主语谓语动词asked是一般过去时态，宾语从句要用过去时态。故选D。 考点：考查宾语从句。 2．-Excuse me. Could you please tell me ____________? -Sure. There’s a bookstore on River Road. A．where I can get a dictionary B．if is there a bookstore on River Road C．where can I get a dictionary D．how could I get a dictionary 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——打扰了。你能告诉我，我在哪里能买到一本词典吗？——当然可以。在沿江路上有一家书店。where I can get a dictionary我在哪里可以买到一本词典，if is there a bookstore on River Road在沿江路是否有一家书店，where can I get a dictionary 我在哪里可以买到一本词典. how could I get a dictionary我如何能买到一本词典。根据There’s a bookstore on River Road.可知此处询问地点，作为动词tell的宾语从句，故用陈述语序：疑问词+主语+谓语+宾语，故选A。 3．—I wonder ______. —She always cares much about others. A．how does Jane get on so well with her classmates B．why Jane is generally liked by all the other classmates C．if Jane is popular with her classmates
(一)宾语:放在实意动词之后的词,即为宾语。宾语可以由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。 I like my teacher、(名词作宾语) I enjoy playing basketball、(动名词作宾语) I decide to study hard、(不定式作宾语) I know him 、(代词作宾语) (二)宾语从句: we know yaoming、 宾语从句就就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语,并有一个连接词引导。 哪些句子可以做宾语？ 1.陈述句 he is a famous basketball player 2.一般疑问句 will our teachers attend the meeting ？ 3.特殊疑问句which coat did you want? 1.当宾语从句就是陈述句时(包括肯定句与否定句),连词由that引导,因为that在从 句中不作任何成分,也没有任何具体意思,因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略 She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting (注:在主句为动词be加某些形容词(如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等)作表语时,后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算就是宾语从句 ?I’m sorry (that)I don’t know 、 ?We’re sure (that) our team will win 、 I’m afra id (that)he won’t pass the exam)
宾语从句必须用陈述句语序:陈述语序即:主语+谓语/主语+系动词 由:由if或whether(or not )引导一般疑问句的宾语从句。 If与whether在句中的意思就是“就是否”。 注: 注意一下情况只用whether,不用if 1、 whether引导的从句常可以与or not直接连用。如: Let me know whether you can come or not、 2、当宾语从句提到句首时,只能用whether引导。如: Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell、 3、 whether可以引导带to的不定式。I don’t know whether to accept or refuse、 4、 whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后,作介词的宾语。 I worry about whether I hurt her feelings、
宾语从句技巧和方法外研版及练习题 一、初中英语宾语从句 1．—Hi, Bruce. Here is a letter for you. —Thanks. I wondered . A．who was the letter from B．who was from the letter C．who the letter is from D．who the letter was from 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——嗨,布鲁斯。这是给你的一封信。——谢谢。我想知道这封信是谁寄来的。考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述句语序，AB两项都是疑问句语序，可排除。主句I wondered 是一般过去时，从句需用一般过去时，可排除C项；根据句意结构和语境，可知选D。 2．----I’d like to visit Kate tomorrow. Do you know______ ? ---- Sorry, I don’t know her address, either. A．why she lives there B．who she lives with C．where she lives D．how she lives 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：----我想明天去拜访凯特。你知道她住在哪里吗？----对不起，我也不知道她的地址。再根据Sorry, I don’t know her address, either.可知问住在哪儿，故选C。 考点：考查宾语从句。 3．— Could you tell me ________? I must find him. — Sorry. I have no idea. But he was here just now. A．where Tom was B．where Tom has gone C．where can I find Tom D．where Tom has been 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——你能告诉我汤姆去哪儿了吗？我必须找到他。——对不起，我不知道。但他刚才在这里。本题主要考查宾语从句。根据语境，你能告诉“我”汤姆在哪里吗。where 引导的宾语从句在句中作 tell 的直接宾语，me 为间接宾语。宾语从句使用陈述语序，故此处应用“where + 主语 + 谓语”的结构，主语为 Tom，谓语为 be 动词。故排除C项。根据语境时态和主句时态保持一致Could you tell me表示请求允许后用现在完成时，has gone是指去某地，没回来；has been指从某地回来了。结合语境可知，是指Tom去了某地。故选B。 4．---Judy, do you know_______? ---Sure, two days. A．when did the sports meeting begin B．where the sports meeting was held
考点一：宾语从句的时态和语序 1、宾语从句的时态 （1）如果从句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么，宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如： ①“I know my parents care about me,” he says.他说：“我知道我父母关心我。” ②Now in China, he has found that his family ____________ a tall tree with long roots. 现在在中国，他已经发现他的家庭就像长有很长树根的一棵大树。 ③I am writing to say that I am against ____________ (build) a new zoo in our town. 我写信要说的是我反对在我们的镇上建一个新的动物园。 ④I remember that he _______________________(给了我一本书) yesterday. ⑤He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow.
他已告诉我明天他要____________纽约了。 （2）如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），爸妈宾语从句要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。如： ①In 1991, Hepburn discovered that she had cancer.1991年，赫本发现她得了癌症。 ②Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world (after tea), was invented by accident?你知道茶，这个世界上最大众化的饮料(仅次于水)，是__________被发明的吗？ ③When I first ate in a western restaur ant, I didn’t know what I was supposed to do. 我第一次在西餐厅吃饭时，都不知道_____________________。 ④He told me that he __________ (will) take part in the high jump. ⑤She asked me if I _______________(已经拿了) her soap. （3）如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时。如： He told me that the earth ________ (go) around the sun. Didn’t your teacher tell you the moon ________ (be) smaller than the sun? 2、宾语从句的语序 宾语从句要用陈述句语序。在把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句时，要特别注意从句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。但要注意，当连接词在从句中作主语时，原问句的语序不变。如： ① Where is Tom from? Do you know? →Do you know where Tom is from? ② Who made you angry? Can you tell me? →Can you tell me who made you angry? ③“What is the matter with Tom?” Mary asked me. →Mary asked me what was the matter with Tom. 【真题链接】 1. (滨州) —Hi, Bruce. Here is a letter for you. —Thanks. I wonder ________. A. who the letter was from B. who was from the letter C. who was the letter from D. who from the letter was 2. (丽水) —I’m going to buy a car. Any advice, Charlie? —Well, it depends on ________. If money isn’t the problem, you can buy a BMW. A. when you will buy one B. how much you can afford C. what colour you like D. where you are driving 3. (北京) —Can you tell me ________ the prize, Tom?
必备英语【初中英语】宾语从句常用的解题技巧 一、初中英语宾语从句 1．-Can you tell me ___________ your online shopping products will arrive? -In about 2 days, I suppose. A．how long B．how often C．how soon D．how much 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：--你能告诉我你网购的物品什么时候能到吗？我想大概两天后。A. how long意思是：多久；对一段时间提问，回答通常为 for+一段时间。B. how often意思是：多久一次；问的是"事情发生的频率"。C. how soon意思是：多快，多久以后；对（从即时起）到将来某个时刻的时间长短提问，回答通常为 in+一段时间。D. how much意思是：多少钱；对价格提问，how much+不可数名词，意思是：多少。根据答语In about 2 days, I suppose我想大概两天后可知。故选C。 2．—I wonder ______. —She always cares much about others. A．how does Jane get on so well with her classmates B．why Jane is generally liked by all the other classmates C．if Jane is popular with her classmates 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——我想知道为什么其他同学都喜欢简。——她总是非常关心其他人。Ahow does Jane get on so well with her classmates简怎么和她的同学相处得这么好，宾语从句应使用陈述语序，可排除A；Bwhy Jane is generally liked by all the other classmates为什么其他同学都喜欢简；Cif Jane is popular with her classmates简是否受同学的欢迎。根据She always cares much about others.可知此处询问她为什么被其他同学喜欢，可排除C。故选B。 3．—I'd like to know ________ for the party. —I have no idea. A．why did she buy so little food B．what she has prepared C．whether will she dance D．when is she leaving 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：--我想知道她为晚会做了什么。—我不知道。答案A,C,D的语序是疑问语序，不正确。宾语从句的语序应该是陈述语序。故选B。
1. 定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 2. 构成：关联词+简单句 3. 引导宾语从句的关联词有三类： (1) 从属连词that。 如： He told us that he felt ill. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。 I know he has returned. 我知道他已经回来了。 注： that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that 不能省略。 A. Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened. (and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。) 大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。 B. I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. (that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。) 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。 C. That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe. (that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。) 我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。 D. We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary period. (主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。) 鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定应允他一段试用期。 (2) 从属连词 if/whether。
英语宾语从句解题技巧(超强)及练习题(含答案) 一、初中英语宾语从句 1．—I want to know ________ on WeChat （微信） every day. —About half an hour. A．how long do you spend B．how long you spend C．how soon do you spend D．how soon you spend 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：-我想知道你每天花在微信上多长时间。-大约半个小时。A. how long do you spend你花多长时间，疑问语序；B. how long you spend你花多长时间，陈述语序；C. how soon do you spend什么时候花...，疑问语序；D. how soon you spend你什么时候花...，陈述语序。根据语义可知，本句为宾语从句，在从句中要用陈述句的语序。How long多久，询问“一段时间”；how soon 多久，询问“将来的时间点”。根据答语About half an hour.可知，本题询问“一段时间”。故选B。 2．—Excuse me, could you tell me ______? —Sorry, sir. I wasn’t there at that time. A．how did the accident happen B．how the accident happened C．how does the accident happen D．how the accident happens 【答案】B 【解析】 宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除A、C，看语境可知，发生在过去，用过去时态，选择B。 3．一Why does Jane seem worried? 一She is uncertain about she can get a good job even though she's an excellent student. A．if B．that C．whether D．不填 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：——为什么简似乎很担心？——她不确定她是否能得到一份好工作，尽管她是一名优秀的学生。be uncertain about表示不确定，后面接的宾语从句，用疑问句，位于介词about后，故用whether引导，故选C。 4．—I have no idea the meeting room yesterday afternoon. —Jack, I guess. A．who cleans B．who cleaned C．why he cleaned 【答案】B 【解析】
汉译英 宾语从句 https://www.doczj.com/doc/bf2195035.html,ernment use it to learn where people live and work and to plan what to do with the land. 2.Photos of the same places at different times show how the land is changing. https://www.doczj.com/doc/bf2195035.html,ndsat showed where Earth’s surface had faults along which earthquakes might happen. 4.The two sets of pictures , viewed together, show how other places, such as rain forests, become smaller over time. 5.This helps scientists learn hww people affect(影响) geography. 6.After a few months, you will find that you can easily remember the material. 7.From the passage, we can infer that satellite pictures can give more detailed information. 8.I believe everyone will be able to travel to the moon, to other planets and perhaps even to other galaxies for a holiday. 9.Even now I guess my parents are still angry with me. 10.I still believe what I did was right for me. 11.At first what the writer did showed that he was hopeful in music. 12.It is touching to see how they tried to get a high school education at their age. 13.As time passed, he realized that helping needy students was his true calling. 14.Pause for a few seconds from time to time to give your audience chance to think over what you’ve said. 15. A parent says she does n’t quite understand why they are so mad about the childish games. 16.He had won some candies in a prize machine in the local supermarket, so I asked him if he would like to share his candies with others. 17.I went to the father and asked if my son could give his daughter some candies that he had won. 18.I explained that I was teaching my son about the power of kindness. 19.And I suddenly remembered I had seen the little girl before in my son’s school. 20.When we left the supermarket, I explained to my son that people in the world today were not so open to kindness, and I told him not to be embarrassed. 21.I didn’t know what they were going to do. I was so scared. 22.They asked me what happened and said they might be able to get the car running again.
宾语从句最简单的讲法 GE GROUP system office room 【GEIHUA16H-GEIHUA GEIHUA8Q8-
(一)宾语：放在实意动词之后的词，即为宾语。宾语可以由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。 I like my teacher.（名词作宾语) I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语） I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语） I know him .（代词作宾语） （二）宾语从句： we know yaoming. We know that he is a 宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。 哪些句子可以做宾语？ 1.陈述句 he is a famous basketball player 2.一般疑问句 will our teachers attend the meeting ？ 3.特殊疑问句which coat did you want? 1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that 在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略 She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting
（注：在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句 I’m sorry (that)I don’t know . We’re sure (that) our team will win . I’m afraid (that)he won’t pass the exam） 2.一般疑问句做宾语 宾语从句必须用陈述句语序：陈述语序即：主语+谓语/主语+系动词 由：由if或whether（or not ）引导一般疑问句的宾语从句。 If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 注：注意一下情况只用whether，不用if 1. whether引导的从句常可以与or not直接连用。如： Let me know whether you can come or not. 2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。如： Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell. 3. whether可以引导带to的不定式。I don’t know whether to accept or refuse. 4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语。 I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
英语宾语从句解题技巧及练习题及解析 一、初中英语宾语从句 1．Which of the following sentences is correct?_ A．Could you tell me how I could deal with it? B．Celia got out of her house, it started to rain. C．I spent lots of time listening to English songs. D．With the help of the map, they reached to the mountain in the end. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：A.你能告诉我该怎么处理这个问题吗？B.西莉亚出门时开始下雨。C.我花很多时间听英语歌曲。D.在地图的帮助下，他们终于到达这座山。 考查宾语从句、动词短语。A是宾语从句，Could you tell me …“你能告诉我……”could是委婉表达请求，不是过去式，因此从句不必用过去式；B缺少连词as；D. reach 是及物动词，后面不能接介词to ；故选C。 2．—I’m sorry abo ut yesterday. —Don’t worry about it. It’s never just one person’s fault. We should think about______better next time. A．how can we do it B．how we can do it C．how can they do it D．how they can do it 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——昨天我很抱歉。——不用担心。它永远不只是一个人的错。我们应该考虑下一次如何做得更好。考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述句语序，AC都是疑问句语序，可排除。It’s never just one person’s fault. 不只是一个人的错，意思是“我们大家都有责任”；根据句意语境，可知they不合句意，故选B。 3．"I want to know ." said the boy opening the box. A．what's inside the box B．where the box is C．that there's some candy D．how big is the box 【答案】A 【解析】 句意：“我想知道盒子里边是什么”这个男孩打开盒子说。本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，排除D；根据句意排除B，C故选A。 4．一Why does Jane seem worried? 一She is uncertain about she can get a good job even though she's an excellent student.
宾语从句翻译 1. 用that, what, how, when, which, why, whether, if 等引起的宾语从句，翻译成汉语的时候，一般不需要改变它在原句中的顺序。 I told him that because of the last condition, I’d have to turn it down。 我告诉他，由于那最后一个条件，我只得谢绝。 Can you hear what I say? 你听得到我所讲的吗？ I don’t know that he s wam across the river。 我不知道他游过了那条河。 I don’t know how he swam across the river。 我不知道他是怎么游过那条河的。 He has informed me when they are to discuss my proposal。 他已经通知我他们将在什么时候谈论我的建议。 有时可加“说”字，再接下去翻译译英语原文宾语从句的内容。 Smith replied that he was sorry。 斯密斯回答说，他感到遗憾。 He would remind people again that it was decided not only by himself but by lots of others。 他再三提醒大家说，决定这件事的不只是他一个人，还有其他许多人。 2、用it作形式宾语的句子，在翻译的时候，that所引导的宾语从句一般可按英语原文顺序翻译；it有时候可以不用翻译。 I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o’clock in the morning。 我向他们讲清楚了的，他们必须在上午十时前交卷。(it没有翻译) I heard it said that he had gone abroad。
初中英语宾语从句知识点总结（一） 考察的三个要点：语序，时态，关联词。 1.定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句。 3宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序。（who 作主语的从句本身就是陈述句语序） 4宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语，连接宾语从句的连词有that（that 在口语中常省略）。 whether，if，和连接代词what， which， who， whom 及连接副词when， where， how， why。 He knew（that） he should study hard. 他知道他应该努力学习。 Can you tell me which class you are in？ 您能告诉我，您在哪一班吗？ He asked me if he could come in， 他问我他是否能进来。 5.引导宾语从句的关联词有三类： （1）从属连词that.如：一般那情况下可以省略。 He told us that he felt ill. I know he has returned.
注： that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that不能省略。 1.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened. （and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。） 2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. （that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。） 3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.（that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。） 我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。 （2）从属连词if/whether.如： I doubt whether he will succeed. I don’t know if you can help me. （3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever， whichever 连接副词 where，when，how，why. Who or what he was，Martin never learned. I wonder what he’s writing to me about. I’ll tell you why I asked you to come. 注意 1.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。