Unit 3 The Present
I. Background information
1. Traditional Birthday Celebration in Western Countries
In the West, it is customary to hold a party in celebration of a person’s birthday. The guests will come to the party with birthday presents and say “Happy Birthday” to the birthday person.
The guests then watch him or her open the presents and he or she thanks them for the presents they have brought. At the party drinks and food are served. Toward the end of the dinner the lights in the room are turned off, and someone comes in from another room with a cake on which are lighted candles, one for each year. At the sight of the cake the guests begin singing “Happy Birthday to You” and the birthday person makes a wish before he or she blows out the candles on the cake. It is said that the wish will come true if all the candles go out in one puff.
After that, the cake is cut in slices usually by the birthday person, one piece for each guest.
When the party comes to an end, the guests wish the birthday person “Happy Birthday” again and leave.
2. Important birthdays in the West
At 21, the age of majority (now lowered to 18 in many countries), one becomes an adult.
Usually the family has a big party for the new adult and a major present—an expensive watch or
a car—is given him or her. The present, of course, various from family to family.
Any birthday past 70 is celebrated in a special way by family members just because the birthday person is getting old and may die before another birthday comes round. That is why the author of The Present says “eighty was a special birthday”.
And then, 100—the centennial birthday—is generally regarded as an unusual occasion because few people reach it. The centenarian may even receive a telegram or a letter of congratulations from prominent political figures, such as the Prime Minister and the Queen if the anniversary is celebrated in Britain. Again the family may hold a party attended by relatives and surviving friends as well. Among other things the centenarian takes delight in counting great grandchildren and grandchildren at the party.
Ⅱ.New Words
1.rare: adj. not happen / see often; (of a substance, esp. atmosphere)thin, not dense
Example: Environments were able to preserve the rare turtle before it reached.
Natural resources are rare in this region.
The higher we go above the earth, the rarer the air is.
Would you like it rare, medium, or well-done?
★rare / scarce
① rare: 长期缺少而珍贵的东西，还可以表示“频率低的，罕见的，缺少的”如：a rare book 珍本，a rare metal稀有金属。
② scarce: 暂时缺乏从而不足的东西。
Example: Food and fuel are getting scarce.
2.occasion: n.
1) special event; time when sth happens
Example: Let me take this occasion to say: “Congratulation”.
2) to cause sth
Example: Your behavior has occasioned us a lot of trouble.
on occasion: sometimes
Example: We go to Hong Kong for holiday on occasion.
on the occasion of:值……之际
Example: We received this present on the occasion of our silver wedding.
3.content: adj. / n. / v. pleased to do sth; satisfied to do sth
Example:He is content with his life at present.
◆Because of his excellent administration, people lived in peace and content and all previously neglected matters were taken care of. (CET-4, 2006, 6,词汇)由于他的出色管理，人们安居乐业，所有先前被忽视的问题都得到了解决。
be content to do sth愿意做
Example: She is content to live with her mother-in-law.
to one’s hearts’ content: 尽情的
Example: The school being over, the children were allowed to watch TV to their hearts’ content.∷一言辨异
Example: The poor are often contented, but a miser is never satisfied.穷人常知足，守财奴则永不满足。
4.arrange: vi. make preparations; plan
Example: I will arrange for my secretary to pick you up..
◆ We have arranged to go to the cinema on Friday, but we can be flexible and go another day.(CET-4, 2005, 12,词汇)
5. operate: v.
Example: The machine is not operating properly.
operate on sb (for some disease) 给某人动手术治某病
Example: You can get a private doctor to operate on him.
6.efficient: 【ef-(out)+fic(do)+-(i)ent(……的)】able to plan or work well
Example: The new secretary is a quick, efficient worker, and the boss is quiet satisfied with her.
◆The “energy-efficient” sealed commercial buildings constructed aft er 1970s energy crisis revealed in door air quality problems caused by materials such as paint, wall covering and carpet.(CET-4, 2006, 6, 完形)20世纪70年代能源危机后，为了高效利用能源而建造的密封商务大楼内存在着由于油漆、墙面粉刷及地毯等物质所引起的空气质量问题。
7. endure:【en-(to make)+dure(sustain)】to bear (suffering, pain, etc)
Example: He conquers who endure. 坚持就是胜利。
★endure / bear / stand “忍受，忍耐”
① endure中含（持续，持久），所以它表示的忍受是指长时间忍受困难或不幸，强调持久力和意志坚定。
② bear原义“负担，承担”因而它强调忍受者对疼痛、忧虑、责任的承受力。
③ stand有“站立而不倒”的含义，因而它强调“不屈不挠”或“经受得起”。
8. spot:
1)n. round area that is different from the main surface; a place
Example: She wears a white dress with green spot.
This is the spot where the two cars collided.
2)v. to recognize; to make sth dirty
Example: His collar was spotted with ink.
The bank clerk spotted the counterfeit note.
on the spot当场，在现场
Example: He drew a revolver and shot the enemy on the spot.
9. bunch:
1) n. things of the same kind that tied together
Example: Miss White received a bunch of flowers from her admirer.
2) v. to get together
Example: The children bunched together in groups in the playground.
★bundle / bunch
① bundle捆，扎，包(从中部捆扎在一起的东西)
a bundle of letters/ a bundle of firewood
② bunch束，串（章程一束或结于一端的东西）
a bunch of grapes/ a bunch of flowers/ a bunch of keys/ a bunch of bananas
10. reluctant: adj. unwilling
Example: He gave me reluctant assistance.
be reluctant to do sth: be unwilling to do sth
Example: She was very reluctant to admit the truth.
11. flutter: vi. to move quickly to and fro in the air
Example: The flag fluttered in the breeze.
◆ I lingered round them, under that benign sky: watched the moths fluttering among the heath and harebells; listened to the soft wind breathing through the grass; and wondered how anyone could ever imagine unquiet slumbers for the sleeps in that quiet earth.在那温和的露天，我在那三块墓碑前留恋徘徊，望着飞蛾在石楠从中和钟柳树中闪扑着翼翅，倾听着柔风在草上飘过的呼吸声，不禁感到奇怪，怎么会有人能够想象，在这么一片安静的土地下面，那长眠者怎会不得安睡呢。（艾米丽. 勃朗特《呼啸山庄》）
collection:
skim clear低飞掠过soar向上直飞glide滑行hover 盘旋float漂浮
flutter振翅而飞
12. stoop: vi. bend the body forwards and downwards /
Example: She stooped to pick up her keys.
My mother walks with a stoop. (n.弯腰，弓背)
①stoop to do降低身份以求……
Example: He would stoop to do anything for profit.
② stoop to (doing) sth堕落到……的地步
Example: He had stooped to stealing money from his parents.
13. tremble: vi. shake uncontrollable with quick and short movements
Example: His voice trembled with anger.(因……而颤抖)
The leaves tremble in the breeze.
★shake, quiver, tremble
①shake“颤抖，震动”可用于任何运动，常常有粗鲁或不规则的含义。
Example: He shook her violently by the shoulders.
②quiver“颤动”表示类似琴弦振动的轻微的，迅速的振动。
Example: He lip quivered and then she started to cry.
③tremble“哆嗦，发抖”多指因胆怯、愤怒而发抖。
14. at other times在别的时候，平时
Example: The old woman seldom came downstairs at other times.
collection:
at times有时at all times在任何时候
at one time曾经all the time一直
against time争分夺秒的ahead of time提前
15. after all
∷一言辨异
You should not scolded the boy at all, he is a child after all; above all, he made only two mistakes in all.你根本不该责备那个男孩，他毕竟还是个孩子；更重要的是，他总共才出了两处错。
① not at all: in any way
② after all: in spite of everything
③ above all: most importantly
④in all: as a total
16. be sure of:
★be sure of…/ be sure to…
①be sure of winning“自己相信自己会胜利”
Example: They are sure of fulfilling the task ahead of schedule.他们相信自己有把握提前完成任务。
②be sure to win “相信别人会胜利”
Example: They are sure to fulfill the task ahead of schedule.（我们相信）他们一定能提前完成任务。
Ⅲ.warm-up questions
1.Do you often call your parents? What do you usually talk about with your parents on the
phone?
Yes, I often call my parents. I usually ask about their health and daily life and tell them all the good things about myself.
2.Do you know your parents’ birthday? What do you usually do to celebrate their birthday?
Yes, I know my parents’ birthdays. When I lived them before, I used to buy them flowers, cakes or cook dinner for them to celebrate their birthdays. In recent years, I can only make a phone call and send my presents to them.
3.Suppose your mother were fifty tomorrow. What birthday present would you send her?
I will call her and give my best wishes to her, and send her a red sweater because she has
never been in red. I hope this color can bring her good luck and health forever.
Ⅳ. Language points
1. From the second floor flat she could see the postman when he came down the street, and
the little boy from the ground floor brought up her letters on the rare occasions when anything came.(L2-5)
1) 本句是由and引导的并列句，前一句中when引导时间状语从句，而后一句中的when
引导的是定语从句，修饰occasions
2）What can we learn from this part?
The old lady’s daughter and her relatives and friends seldom sent her letters or parce ls. If anything did come by post, the boy would bring it up for her.
2. Myra wouldn’t forget her mother’s birthday, even if she seldom wrote at other
times.(L6-7)
1) 主干：Myra wouldn’t forget her mother’s birthday. 后面的even if引导让步状语从句。
2) even if：although, though
Example: He was determined to carried out his plan, even if he had lung cancer.
3) seldom: adv. not often
Example: They seldom watch television these days.
Paraphrase:
Myra wouldn’t forget her mother’s birthday, although she did not often write to her mother on other occasions.
3. Of course Myra was busy. Her husband had been made Mayor, and Myra herself had
got a medal for her work for the aged.(L7-9)
1) make: vt. to select or choose sb as sth
Example: She made him her assistant.
2) the aged: old people定冠词the和某些形容词和分次连用表示一类人或物，为复数概念。
如：the poor穷人，the sick病人, the wounded伤员，the living活着的人。
3) Can you guess what kind of work Myra took?
Charitable undertaking.
4) What rhetorical device did the author use?
Irony.
5) And what can we infer from this part?
It is quite ironic that Myra did a lot for the old and helpless in the society while she was so thoughtless for her old mother. Therefore the apparent meaning of this sentence is just the opposite to the intended meaning.
4.Perhaps — perhaps Myra might come. After all, eighty was a special birthday, another decade lived or endured just as you chose to look at it.(L21-23)
1) 本句中another decade lived or endure是独立结构，作方式状语，其中lived和endure 是并列的过去分词, another decade作分词的逻辑主语。分词独立结构可以表示伴随状况、陪衬动作、附加说明以及表示时间、原因、条件等。
The project finished, they had a two weeks’ leave.
2) choose to do sth
More and more people now are choosing to live alone.
3)What does this sentence imply?
This is the old lady’s soliloquy(内心独白). She expects Myra to come —she wishes Myra would come —but she has doubts about her coming. The repetition of “perhaps” and the word “might” indicate her uncertainty.
Paraphrase:
An eightieth birthday is special because not everyone can live so long. It marks the end of another ten-year period you have lived through or endured, depending on your point of view.
5) What’s the function of “another decade lived or endured”?
“Another decade lived or endured” is an absolute construction, serving as an adverbial of manner. In fact, this is a comment made by the author, reminding the reader that life can be enjoyment or suffering and views on life can be different accordingly.
5. The little boy, Johnnie, had been up with a packet of mints, and said he wouldn’t go out to play until the post had come. (L30-33)
1) 本句中Johnnie是the little boy的同位语。同位语是用来对名词或代词做进一步解释的，
它可以是单数、短语或从句，从句常常由that或连接副词why, where, when, how等引导。Mr. Black, our English teacher, is a good tennis player.
The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.
2) not…until…指导……才……
I cannot comment further until I have got all the information.
6. I did last week when I was six. (L35-36)
本句中的did指代上文中提到的“got lots, and lots presents”以免重复。
7. Jim had always liked her in blue. (L41-42)
1) 本句中用了过去完成时，表示老太太的丈夫Jim已经过世。
2) 介词in在这里指“穿着”。
The girl were all dressed in white.
She looked so beautiful in her wedding dress.
8. So many lovely things. (L43)
What does this sentence mean?
There were so many nice things the old woman wanted to have, but she would be very pleased to get any kind of birthday present from her daughter
9. Then clatter, clatter up the stairs. Johnnie knocked at her door. (L47)
1) What does this sentence suggest?
This suggests that the old lady was listening for the boy’s footsteps in her room, eagerly and attentively.
2) What does this sentence imply?
Immediately she felt very disappointed and her heart began to ache sharply.
3) What does this sentence mean?
Tha t was the reason why the parcel had not come yet. “That was it” is an idiomatic expression which often means “That explained what had happened”.
10. Maybe the parcel was too large to come by letter post. (L54)
1) too…to…太……不能……
Example: You are too young to understand politics.
I was too excited to sleep.
11. That was it. (L54)
本句中的it指代the reason why the parcel had not come yet.
12. Her present, her lovely present. (L60)
What does this incomplete sentence indicate?
This sentence is equal to an imperative structure. It has a special rhetorical function, showing the old lady’s excitement, anger and desperation.
Ⅴ. Global Reading
1. summary
The text is a very simple story. It gives us an account of what happens to the old lady on her eightieth birthday. She gets up early and puts on her best dress. She wishes her daughter would come to see her, though deep down she has her doubts. But one thing is certain: she will get a present from her daughter anyway. So she waits with eagerness. Finally the postman comes; the old woman, however, does not receive the parcel she has been expecting, but a printed birthday card along with a cheque. She is so disappointed, so hurt, that she tears the cheque into small pieces.
The story shows us some aspects of the family relationship in Western society and gives us an insight into the frustrations old people suffer.
2. division part of the text
Part I: (Paras. 1-7) Introduce briefly the old lady’s birthday and something about her two daughters.
Part II: (Paras. 8-12) Describe what she got from her neighbors and her expectation of her
daughter’s present.
Part III: (Paras. 13-21) To her disappointed, her daughter sent her a cheque.
3. Discourse Analysis
4. Words Scanning
1) Directions: Scan the text and use some
adjectives to describe her two daughters’ and neighbors’ attitudes to the old lady.
Johnnie
Mrs. Morrison helpful, kind, warm-hearted
Mrs. Grant
Enid-------------------------considerate, thoughtful
Myra------------------------thoughtless
2) Directions: Scan the text again and use some phrases describing the changes of the old
Notes:
Tea: In England, tea (sometimes called afternoon tea) may be a light meal of black tea with milk, bread and butter or cakes eaten around 5 p.m., or it may be a bigger meal with a cooked dish or cold meat, etc., in addition to bread or cakes. This is called high tea and is usually eaten at about 6 p.m
Ⅵ. Group Discussion
1. Why did the old lady feel so hurt when she got the check from her daughter?
A check is impersonal. It symbolizes obligation but with no sincere feelings. Myra
regarded her work with strangers as more important than the happiness of her own old mother. It seems that everyone in the neighborhood was aware that the old woman’s 80th birthday fell on that day. They regarded it as an important occasion.
2. How do you understand that blood is thicker than water?
By saying “Blood is thicker than water”, we mean that family members or our relatives are more important than others (friends, neighbors, etc.). Not only should we be always considerate and helpful to our family members but also we should take the responsibility or obligation to make them happy.
Ⅶ.Study & Practice
Ⅷ.Reading Activity
Reading Skill II—Reading in Thought Groups
Comprehension—understanding what you are reading—is important; but the speed with which you read is important, too. While making constant efforts to improve your reading comprehension, you should try consciously to increase your reading speed. And to read in thought groups is an easy, yet effective, way of picking up speed and fluency.
Lesson Eight The Kindness of Strangers Mike Mclntyre 1. One summer I was driving from my home town of Tahoe City, Calif, to New Orleans. In the middle of the desert, I came upon a young man standing by the roadside. He had his thumb out and held a gas can in his other hand. I drove right by him. There was a time in the country when you' d be considered a jerk if you passed by somebody in need. Now you are a fool for helping. With gangs, drug addicts, murderers, rapists, thieves lurking everywhere, "I don't want to get involved" has become a national motto. 2. Several states later I was still thinking about the hitchhiker. Leaving him stranded in the desert did not bother me so much. What bothered me was how easily I had reached the decision. I never even lifted my foot off the accelerator. 3. Does anyone stop any more? I wondered. I recalled Blanche DuBois's famous line: "I have always depended on the kindness of strangers." Could anyone rely on the kindness of strangers these days? One way to test this would be for a person to journey from coast to coast without any money, relying solely on the good will of his fellow Americans. What kind of Americans would he find? Who would feed him, shelter him, carry him down the road? 4. The idea intrigued me. 5. The week I turned 37, I realized that I had never taken a gamble in my life. So I decided to travel from the Pacific to the Atlantic without a penny. It would be a cashless journey through the land of the almighty dollar. I would only accept offers of rides, food and a place to rest my head. My final destination would be Cape Fear in North Carolina, a symbol of all the fears I'd have to conquer during the trip. 6. I rose early on September 6, 1994, and headed for the Golden Gate Bridge with a 50-pound pack on my back and a sign displaying my destination to passing vehicles: "America." 7. For six weeks I hitched 82 rides and covered 4223 miles across 14 states. As I traveled, folks were always warning me about someplace else. In Montana they told me to watch out for the cowboys in Wyoming, In Nebraska they said people would not be as nice in Iowa. Yet I was treated with kindness everywhere I went. I was amazed by people's readiness to help a stranger, even when it seemed to run contrary to their own best interests. 8. One day in Nebraska a car pulled to the road shoulder. When I reached the window, I saw two little old ladies dressed in their Sunday finest." I know you're not supposed to pick up hitchhikers, but it's so far between towns out here, you feel bad passing a person," said the driver, who introduced herself as Vi. I didn't know whether to kiss them or scold them for stopping. This woman was telling me she'd rather risk her life than feel bad about passing a stranger on the side of the road. 9. Once when I was hitchhiking unsuccessfully in the rain, a trucker pulled over, locking his brakes so hard he skidded on the grass shoulder. The driver told me he was once robbed at knifepoint by a hitchhiker. "But I hate to see a man stand out in the rain," he added. "People don't have no heart anymore." 10. I found, however, that people were generally compassionate. Hearing I had no money and would take none, people bought me food or shared whatever they happened to have with them. Those who had the least to give often gave the most. In Oregon a house painter named Mike noted the chilly weather and asked if I had a coat. When he learned that I had "a light one," he drove me to his house, and handed me a big green army-style jacket. A lumber-mill worker named Tim invited me to a simple dinner with his family in their shabby house. Then he offered me his tent. I refused, knowing it was probably one of the family's most valuable possessions. But Tim was determined that I have it, and finally I agreed to take it. 11. I was grateful to all the people I met for their rides, their food, their shelter, and their gifts. But what I found most touching was the fact that they all did it as a matter of course.
大学英语精读第二册（第三版）book2Unit1答案上海外语教育出版社 一） 1. bare 2. empty 3. empty 4. bare 5. empty 6.empty 二） 1. shortly 2.track down 3.faint 4.motioned 5.at the sight of 6.feel like 7.slamming 8.rang out 9.contract 10.made for 11.heated 12.emerged 三） 1. host 2. sprang up/rang out 3. impulse 4. came to 5. track down 6. unexpected 7. outgrow 8. widened 9. shortly 10. emerge / spring up 11. at the sight of 12. made for 13. crisis 14. colonial 四） 1. Jimmy has outgrown the shirts his aunt made for him a few years ago. 2. Does the doctor think the elderly lady is likely to survive the operation / it is likely that the elderly lady will survive the operation? 3. The other day your cousin paid us an unexpected visit. 4. Don't you see the nurse motioning us to be silent? 5. Her face lit up with joy at his return.
综合英语 1 Comprehensive English1 【学分】4 【学时】64 【编写】袁邦照【审核】程莹 （一）授课对象 四年制本科英语专业学生 （二）课程的性质和地位 本课程是是本科英语专业低年级的一门学科基础课程，是英语专业基础阶段全面培养和提高学生语言能力和交际能力的一门课程，在整个基础英语教学中具有重要奠基作用。本课程的教学，是在学生已初步掌握一定的英语词汇、语音、语法基本知识和听、说、读、写基本技能的基础上进行的，因此，主要教学目的在于进一步提高学生综合运用英语的能力，特别是要加强口笔头语言表达能力，同时加深对词汇、语法、写作、修辞等方面的知识，同时指导学生学习方法，培养逻辑思维能力，为进一步接受英语专业高年级教育打下全面的牢固的基础。本课程以课文教学为中心，采用精讲多练、讲练结合的方式，主要通过语言基础训练与篇章讲解分析，启发学生学习语言的积极性和自觉性，使学生逐步提高语篇阅读理解能力，了解英语各种文体的表达方式和特点，扩大词汇量和熟悉英语常用句型，具备基本的口头与笔头表达能力，并逐步形成用英语思维的能力。 （三）课程教学的目标 1.改变观念：帮助学生尽快熟悉大学学习环境和自主学习方法；使学生养成良好的学习习惯；培养学生的独立工作能力。引导学生改变应试学习的观点，逐步树立“To know English is to speak English.”的观念。 2.语音：通过一对一纠音练习，语音模仿秀等，整顿学生的语音面貌，提高学生的朗读技巧。 3.词汇和语法：盘活中学所学语法和词汇，使之成为语言交际的实际技能。认知词汇3000-4000个(其中含中学已学2 000个)，熟用其中1600-1800个及其最基本的搭配。听力：能在15分钟听写根据已学知识编写的材料(词数120左右，念四遍，第一、四遍语速为每分钟100个词，第二、三遍根据意群停顿)，错误率不超过8%。要求学生每天收听CRI及VOA的Special English。熟悉新闻广播的特点和语速。 4.口语：能使用课文中的重点词汇和短语复述课文；能用英语正确表达所学的功能意念，以达到实际交流运用的目的。 5.阅读和写作：能读懂词汇量为2000-2500的浅易材料及简易读物，阅读速度每分钟60-80个词，理解基本正确，能抓住中心大意。对重点句子能够释义。学会初步使用“英英”
大学英语精读第三版第一册Book1 Unit 8答案 III Vocabulary Activities 1．1)e 2)a 3)c 4)g 5)d 6)f 7)b 2．1) instantly 2) absolute 3) privacy 4) approaching 5) indicates 6) acquire 7) astonished 8) avoid 9) Confidence 10) expose 11) slight 12) hint 13) range 14) slapped 3．1) scrape together 2) in search of 3) hold back 4) robbed of 5) think over 6) came upon 7) come true 8) express their sincere gratitude IV Enriching your wordpower: 1．1) surprised 2) surprise 3) Surprisingly 4) surprised 5) surprising 6) surprise 1) pleasantly 2) please 3) pleasing 4) pleasure 5) pleasant 1)admire 2) admiration，admire，admire 3) admirable 4) admiring 5)admiringly 6) admired 1) astonishingly 2) astonishing 3) astonishment 4) astonish 5) astonished 2．1) hand-written 2) hand-held 3) hand-made 4) weather-beaten 5) tongue-tied
UNIT 1 As we are at the start of the course, this seems a good moment to offer some advice on how to make the task of learning English easier. 课程开始之际，就如何使学习英语的任务更容易提出一些建议似乎正当其时。 Some Strategies for Learning English Learning English is by no means easy. It takes great diligence and prolonged effort. 学习英语绝非易事。它需要刻苦和长期努力。 Nevertheless, while you cannot expect to gain a good command of English without sustained hard work, there are various helpful learning strategies you can employ to make the task easier. Here are some of them. 虽然不经过持续的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英语，然而还是有各种有用的学习策略可以用来使这一任务变得容易一些。以下便是其中的几种。 1. Do not treat all new words in exactly the same way. Have you ever complained about your memory because you find it simply impossible to memorize all the new words you are learning? But, in fact, it is not your memory that is at fault. If you cram your head with too many new words at a time, some of them are bound to be crowded out. What you need to do is to deal with new words in different ways according to how frequently they occur in everyday use. While active words demand constant practice and useful words must be committed to memory, words that do not often occur in everyday situations require just a nodding acquaintance. You will find concentrating on active and useful words the most effective route to enlarging your vocabulary. 1. 不要以完全同样的方式对待所有的生词。你可曾因为简直无法记住所学的所有生词而抱怨自己的记忆力太差？其实，责任并不在你的记忆力。如果你一下子把太多的生词塞进头脑，必定有一些生词会被挤出来。你需要做的是根据生词日常使用的频率以不同的方式对待它们。积极词汇需要经常练习，有用的词汇必须牢记，而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需见到时认识即可。你会发现把注意力集中于积极有用的词上是扩大词汇量最有效的途径。 2. Watch out for idiomatic ways of saying things. Have you ever wondered why we say, "I am interested in English", but "I am good at French"? And have you ever asked yourself why native English speakers say, "learn the news or secret", but "learn of someone's success or arrival"? These are all examples of idiomatic usage. In learning English, you must pay attention not only to the meaning of a word, but also to the way native speakers use it in their daily lives. 2．密切注意地道的表达方式。你可曾纳闷过，为什么我们说“我对英语感兴趣”是“I'm interested in English”，而说“我精于法语”则是“I'm good at French”？你可曾问过自己，为什么以英语为母语的人说“获悉消息或秘密”是“learn the news or secret”，而“获悉某
Lesson One Half a Day Naguib Mahfous 1. I walked alongside my father, clutching his right hand. All my clothes were new: the black shoes, the green school uniform, and the red cap. They did not make me happy, however, as this was the day I was to be thrown into school for the first time. 2. My mother stood at the window watching our progress, and I turned towards her from time to time, hoping she would help. We walked along a street lined with gardens, and fields planted with crops: pears, and date palms. 3. "Why school ?" I asked my father. "What have I done ?" 4. "I'm not punishing you, " he said, laughing. "School's not a punishment. It's a place that makes useful men out of boys. Don' t you want to be useful like your brothers?" 5. I was not convinced. I did not believe there was really any good to be had in tearing me away from my home and throwing me into the huge, high-walled building. 6. When we arrived at the gate we could see the courtyard, vast and full of boys and girls. "Go in by yourself, " said my father, "and join them. Put a smile on your face and be a good example to others. " 7. I hesitated and clung to his hand, but he gently pushed me from him. "Be a man, " he said. "Today you truly begin life. You will find me waiting for you when it's time to leave. " 8. I took a few steps. Then the faces of the boys and girls came into view. I did not know a single one of them, and none of them knew me. I felt I was a stranger who had lost his way. But then some boys began to glance at me in curiosity, and one of them came over and asked, "Who brought you?" 9. "My father, " I whispered. 10. "My father's dead, " he said simply. 11. I did not know what to say. The gate was now closed. Some of the children burst into tears. The bell rang. A lady came along, followed by a group of men. The men began sorting us into ranks. We were formed into an intricate pattern in the great courtyard surrounded by high buildings; from each floor we were overlooked by a long balcony roofed in wood. 12. "This is your new home, "said the woman. "There are mothers and fathers here, too. Everything that is enjoyable and beneficial is here. So dry your tears and face life joyfully. " 13. Well, it seemed that my misgivings had had no basis. From the first moments I made many friends and fell in love with many girls. I had never imagined school would have this rich variety of experiences. 14. We played all sorts of games. In the music room we sang our first songs. We also had our first introduction to language. We saw a globe of the Earth, which revolved and showed the various continents and countries. We started learning numbers, and we were told the story of the Creator of the universe. We ate delicious food, took a little nap, and woke up to go on with friendship and love, playing and learning. 15. Our path, however, was not totally sweet and unclouded. We had to be observant and patient. It was not all a matter of playing and fooling around. Rivalries could bring about pain and hatred or give rise to
大学英语精读第一册课后练习部分答案 Unit 1 Cloze (A) 1. aware 2. performance 3. average 4. adequate 5. set aside 6. mentions 7.look over 8. commit (B) 1. if/once 2. about 3. it 4. know 5. up 6. as 7. from 8. words 9. into 10.other 11. for 12. when Translation 1、他这次考试的失败使他意识到定期复习功课的重要。 His failure in the exam has made him aware of the importance of reviewing his lessons regularly. 2、请一定不要忘记离家前你父母对你说过的话。 Be sure not to forget what your parents said to you before you left home.3、我确信她的英语知识对这项工作来说是足够的了。 I'm sure her knowledge of English is adequate for the job. 4、这篇文章的目的是告诉学生怎样培养良好的学习习惯。 The purpose of this article is to tell the students how to develop good study habits. 5、在当今时代，人们越来越多地依靠计算机(computers)来解决各种各样的问题。 In our age, people depend more and more on computers to solve various kinds of difficult problems.
大学英语精读第三版(上海外语教育出版社董亚芬主编)第一册答案Book 1 Unit 1 Study&Practice Vocabulary Activities 1. 1)e 2)g 3)j 4)a 5)b 6)i 7)c 8)d 9)h 10)f 2. 1) handling 2) summarized 3) process 4) absorb 5) are bound to 6) feel free 7) for instance 8) strategies 9) complained 10) has committed... to memory 11) Nevertheless 12) rely... on 13) Apart from 14) command 3. 1) over and over again 2) at a time 3) put it into practice 4) watching out for 5) by no means 6) concentrate on 7) In addition to 8) in detail Enriching Your Word Power 1. 1)action 2)employ 3)announce 4)examination 5)communication 6)express 7)compose 8)improvement 9)concentration 10)management 11)consider 12)motivate 13)development
15)discuss 16)operate 17)division 18)production 19)educate 20)repeat 2. 1) a) additional b) add c) addition d) addition 2) a) effectively b) effect c) effective d) effect 3) a)helpful b) help c) helpless d) help e) helplessly f) helpfully g) helpful 4) a) reliant b) reliable c) reliance, reliable d) relies e) reliably 5) a) repetition b) repeating c) repeatedly d) repeated e) repetition Usage 1) In my opinion 2) According to Mary 3) In our opinion 4) According to today’s papers 5) In most doctors’ opinion ( According to most doctors) Structure 1. 1) Shakespeare was not only a dramatist but also an actor. 2) Miss Crain not only took me home in her car, but also came the next day to see if I had recovered. 3) Hainan Island attracts tourists not only in winter but also in summer. 4) There is always a black market not only in Britain, but also in other European countries. 5) At the Athens Olympics in 2004, Liu Xiang not only won a gold medal in the 110-meter hurdles, but also broke the Olympic record. 2. 1) It is true that your sentences are all gramma tically correct, but they don’t make any sense. 2) It is true that they lost that battle, but they still went on fighting. 3) It is true that Tom’s very clever and hardworking, but I still don’t think he is the right person for the job. 4) It is true that learning English is by no means easy, but we can make the task easier by using some learning strategies. Cloze 1. 1) strategies 2) frequently 3) over and over again 4) commit to memory 5) acquaintance 6) watch out for 7) communicate 8) process
Page 39 6. Translate the following sentences into English. 1.It seemed impossible to me, but all the others looked very confident. Sth. seems (to be) + adj.(表) + to sb. 2.We looked around. There wasn't a building standing in sight. The earthquake seemed to have destroyed everything. Sth. /sb. +（seem + to do）复合谓语3.He seems to be in low spirits these days. Sth./Sb. + seem to be + 表语 wonder why. I think it's because he doesn't seem to be making much progress in his studies. He is afraid of being looked down upon by his classmates. Sb. + seem to do sth There seems to be 4.What are you looking for, Dick? I seem to have lost my key. How annoying! 5.If you find that a word doesn't seem to
make any sense in the sentence, you should look it up in the dictionary. That's the only way to learn to use a word. 6.They went on arguing for hours. Neither of them seem (to be) willing to listen to each other. I suddenly remembered someone saying "Discussion is an exchange of knowledge while argument is an exchange of ignorance." 7.The situation there seems to be very complicated. The government has promised to look into it. 8.My grandpa seems to be getting better and better, but he still needs somebody to look after him. 9.Economists have already come to the conclusion that the crisis seems to be coming to an end. W orld economy is looking up. 10.When I got well I looked at my bank account. To my sadness, I found my balance was almost zero. All my savings in
大学英语精读第一册课 文翻译 Pleasure Group Office【T985AB-B866SYT-B182C-BS682T-STT18】
第一单元 课程开始之际，就如何使学习英语的任务更容易提出一些建议似乎正当其实。 学习英语的几种策略 学习英语决非易事。它需要刻苦和长期努力。 虽然不经过持续的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英语，然而还是有各种有用的学习策略可以用来使这一任务变得容易一些。以下便是其中的几种： 1．不要以完全相同的方式对待所有的生词。你可曾因为简直无法记住所学的所有生词而抱怨自己的记忆力太差其实，责任并不在你的记忆力。如果你一下子把太多的生词塞进头脑，必定有一些生词会被挤出来。你需要做的是根据生词日常使用的频率以不同的方式对待它们。积极词汇需要经常练习，有用的词汇必须牢记，而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需见到时认识即可。你会发现把注意力集中于积极有用的词上是扩大词汇量最有效的途径。 2．密切注意地道的表达方式。你可曾纳闷过，为什么我们说“我对英语感兴趣”是“I’m interested in English”，而说“我精于法语”则是“I’m good at French”你可曾问过自己，为什么以英语为母语的人说“获悉消息或密秘”是“learn the news or secret”,而“获悉某人的成功或到来”却是“learn of someone’s success or arrival”这些都是惯用法的例子。在学习英语时，你不仅必须注意词义，还必须注意以英语为母语的人在日常生活中如何使用它。 3．每天听英语。经常听英语不仅会提高你的听力，而且有助你培养说的技能。除了专为课程准备的语言磁带外，你还可以听英语广播，看英语电视和英语电影。第一次听录好音的英语对话或语段，你也许不能听懂很多。先试着听懂大意，然后在反复地听。你会发现每次重复都会听懂更多的东西。
大学英语精读第三版(上海外语教育出版社董亚芬主编) 第三册Book3 Unit1~Unit10 翻译答案 ? Unit1 翻译 1) 发言人（spokesman）明确表示总统在任何情况下都不会取消（cancel）这次旅行。 The spokesman made it clear that the President would not cancel the trip under any circumstances. 2) 杰克对书架上那些书一本也不了解，所以他的选择是很随意的。 Jack didn't know anything about any of the books on the bookshelf, so his choice was quite arbitrary. 3) 随后发生的那些事件再次证明了我的猜疑（suspicions）是对的。(confirm) The subsequent events confirmed my suspicions once again. 4) 我认为我们应该鼓励中学生在暑假找临时工作。 I think we should encourage high school students to find temporary jobs / employment during their summer holidays. 5) 令我们吃惊的是，这位常被赞为十分正直的州长（governor）竟然是个贪官（corrupt official）。 To our surprise, the governor who had often been praised for his honesty turned out to be a corrupt official. 6) 少数工人得到提升（be promoted），与此同时却有数百名工人被解雇。 A few workers were promoted, but meanwhile hundreds of workers were dismissed. 7) 如果有机会，约翰也许已成为一位杰出的画家了。(given) Given the chance, John might have become an outstanding painter. 8) 数小时后，有人看见那个男孩在林子里瞎转。 Several hours later, the boy was found wandering around in the woods. Unit3 翻译 1) 许多美国大学生申请政府贷款交付学费。 Many American students apply for government loans to pay for their education / tuition. 2) 除阅读材料外，使用电影和多媒体（multimedia）会激发学生学习的兴趣。 Besides reading materials, the use of films and multimedia can stimulate students' interest in a subject. 3) 这位律师试图说服陪审团（jury）他的当事人（client）是无辜的。(convince sb. of) The attorney / lawyer tried to convince the jury of his client's innocence. 4) 提问常常会引发创造的火花。 Asking questions often generates the spark of creativity. 5) 我已经把我的简历（résumé）寄往几家公司，但尚未收到回复。 I have sent off my résuméto several corporations, but haven't yet received a reply. 6) 她的结论是建立在对当前国际情况进行了认真的分析的基础上的。 Her conclusion is built / based on a careful analysis of current international affairs. 7) 我们满怀期望地来参加会议，离开时却大失所望。 We came to the meeting full of expectations, yet we left very disappointed. 8) 暂时他只得接受了一份给一家化妆品公司发促销传单的活儿。 At the moment he has to take the job of distributing leaflets to promote products for a cosmetic company.