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定语从句与强调句型在英语语法中，定语从句（adjective clause）和强调句型（emphatic construction）是两个重要的语法结构。
它们能够丰富句子的表达方式，并帮助我们更准确地描述事物或进行强调。
本文将介绍定语从句和强调句型的定义、用法和例句，并探讨它们在英语写作中的应用。
一、定语从句定语从句是一个修饰名词或代词的句子，用来对该名词或代词做进一步的描述。
定语从句通常用于限定、说明、或者描述名词，在句中充当定语的角色。
在定语从句中，通常使用关系代词（如who, whom, whose, which）或关系副词（如where, when, why）引导。
定语从句的引导词根据其作用分为三类：1. 人关系代词：who, whom, whose, that2. 物关系代词：which, whose, that3. 地点关系副词：where时间关系副词：when原因关系副词：why下面是一些使用定语从句的例句：1. I have a friend who is a doctor. (定语从句修饰friend)2. The book that I bought is very interesting. (定语从句修饰book)3. This is the house where I was born. (定语从句修饰house)二、强调句型强调句型是用来强调句子中的某个成分，使其在句子中显得更加突出。
强调句型通常使用强调副词（如only, just, even, still, merely）或强调代词（such as myself, himself, herself, themselves）来引导，并将要强调的成分放在句子的开头或结尾。
下面是一些使用强调句型的例句：1. It was John who won the competition. (强调主语John)2. I bought this dress for myself. (强调宾语myself)3. She is such a kind person. (强调形容词kind)三、定语从句和强调句型在写作中的应用定语从句和强调句型在英语写作中具有很高的灵活性，可以丰富句子结构，增加句子的多样性。
人教版初二英语强调句与定语从句结合练习题30题【含答案解析】1.It was in the classroom that I met my best friend who is very kind.A.whereB.thatC.whoD.which答案解析：B。
本题考查强调句和定语从句的结合。
强调句结构为“It is/was + 被强调部分+ that + 其他”，这里强调的是地点状语in the classroom。
后面的“who is very kind”是定语从句，修饰先行词“my best friend”。
选项A“where”通常引导地点状语从句；选项C“who”通常指人，在定语从句中作主语；选项D“which”通常指物。
2.It was at home that I found the book which I had been looking for.A.whereB.thatC.whoD.whose答案解析：B。
强调句结构判断，强调的是地点状语at home。
“which I had been looking for”是定语从句修饰“the book”。
选项A“where”引导地点状语从句；选项C“who”指人；选项D“whose”表示所属关系。
3.It was on Sunday that we went to the park where there are many flowers.A.whenB.thatD.which答案解析：B。
强调时间状语on Sunday。
“where there are many flowers”是定语从句修饰“the park”。
选项A“when”引导时间状语从句；选项 C 和 D 不符合强调句结构。
4.It was my mother who cooked the delicious meal that we all enjoyed.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose答案解析：B。
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定语从句、同位语从句与强调句一、定语从句1、定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which;关系副词有：when， where， why。
2、非限制性定语从句的“四个不能”：(1）非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。
(2）非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用for which 代替。
例:I had told them the reason，for which I didn’t attend the meeting. （3）由“介词+关系代词”时,关系代词不能用as。
（4）指人的关系代词作宾语时用whom，不能省略。
3、在定语从句中,当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which（1）先行词被①形容词最高级②序数词③数词几种词修饰或被④only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修饰时.（2）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。
（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。
例：He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus。
各种高级句型定语从句、状语从句、强调句式、非谓语动词翻译练习你对这几个句型的理解和掌握了吗？除了用英语进行交流之外，如果你还有更多的句型要学，就可以多跟大家分享几个高级句型，包括定语从句、强调句式以及非谓语动词。
我在这里给你展示一些翻译过程中会遇到的问题：当一个句子中用“现在时”，一个句子中用“过去式”，而另一句中不采用现在时，我们可以做一个对比：如果你在两种情况下都使用了同一类的时间状语从句、定语从句和强调的从句。
一、这两个句子中，“现在时”在后，“过去式”在前。
如果你只看到“现在时”在后，而忽略了“过去式”在前，那是不对的，因为这会导致你错用了定语从句或强调从句。
比如，下面这个句子，可以看到，“目前状态”应该在后，而“过去式”应该在前；再比如，这两种情况下都用了“现在时”在后，那么对这个句子的正确翻译就应该是：“现在时：现在（或过去）过得好不好呢？她现在感觉怎么样？她现在过得开心？”因此，原文就应该是“现在时：到过什么地方，经历什么事情。
”而不应该是“她在什么地方”或者“经历过什么有趣的事情?!这些都不应该是原文中错用的句型。
同样地，如果你只看到“现在时：现在过得好不好呢？”这个句子就应该是：“现在过得很不错。
”那么你在翻译这句话时，需要用到哪些句型呢？二、同样，当一个句子中用“过去式”，另一句中不采用现在时，我觉得翻译过来是正确的，因为两者都是用“现在时”这个短语表达了某一时间范围内发生或正在发生某一事件或状态，并且以现在时间为主，而如果译成“过去式”，我们可以发现翻译出来只有“现在时”这个短语。
这个例子中，“现在式”的意思是表示正在发生、即将发生的事件或状态。
而“过去式”则是表示正在进行过程中的某个事件，而“过去式”一般不被用来做状语从句或强调句式。
这种情况下，两个错误会同时发生，因此我觉得不应该只选择一个。
那当我们把问题放到上面这个例子来看，你就会发现上面两种情况都使用了同一类的时间状语从句。
定语从句和强调句的区别一、限定性定语从句1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。
而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词，介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which 之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句6. when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such astowers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything,everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导二、非限定性定语从句:非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分2. 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at whichAttitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same waythat(in which)attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。
强调句与定语从句篇一：强调句和各从句的区别一、定语从句与名词性从句句式结构用法比较定语从句常易与主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句等名词性从句相混淆。
判断的方法是：由关系代词或副词引起的句子直接充当句中某一成分，即为名词性从句；如果这个句子修饰前面的一个名词即先行词或指代整个句子的内容，即为定语从句。
例1. (1) As is known to everyone, the moon travels round the earth once every month.(2) It is known to everyone that the moon travels round the earth once every month.比较：(1)两个句子之间有连接词，而且由逗号分隔。
根据前一分句意义“正如大家所知道的(众所周知)”分析，该句应用关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句整个句子内容。
(2)两个句子之间有连接词that连接。
根据句意分析，that所引起的从句为主语从句，故该句应选用it作形式主语置于句首，引导主语从句。
例2. (1)Shenzhen is no longer what it used to be.(2) Shenzhen is no longer the place that it used to be.比较：(1)句中没有充当表语的名词，故应选用代词what(??样子)引起一个表语从句。
(2)句中表语名词the place 被it used to be所修饰，且充当其句中表语。
故应选用关系代词that指代先行词the place引起一个定语从句。
例3. (1) Please tell me the reason why he didn’t attend the meeting.(2) Please tell me why he didn’t attend the meeting.比较：(1)句中充当宾语的名词the reason被he didn’t attend the meeting所修饰，且充当句中的原因状语。
人教版初二英语强调句与定语从句结合练习题50题【含答案解析】1. It was in the park ____ we often have picnics ____ I met my old friend yesterday.A. where; thatB. that; whereC. where; whereD. that; that答案：A。
解析：本题考查强调句和定语从句。
第一个空是定语从句，先行词是park，表示地点，在从句中作状语，所以用where引导定语从句。
第二个空是强调句，强调的是地点状语in the park，强调句的结构是It is/was + 被强调部分+ that + 其他部分，所以这里用that。
B选项第一个that不能引导定语从句；C选项第二个where不能用于强调句；D选项第一个that不能引导定语从句。
2. It was the book ____ I bought yesterday ____ made me think of my childhood.A. that; whichB. which; thatC. /; thatD. what; that答案：B。
解析：第一个空是定语从句，先行词是book，在从句中作宾语，可以用which或that引导，也可以省略。
第二个空是强调句，强调的是the book，强调句结构是It is/was + 被强调部分+ that + 其他部分，所以用that。
A选项顺序错误；C选项第一个空可以省略关系代词，但这里需要体现出关系代词；D选项what不能引导定语从句。
3. It was the girl ____ has long hair ____ helped me find my wallet.A. who; thatB. that; whoC. which; thatD. who; which答案：A。
解析：第一个空是定语从句，先行词是girl，指人，在从句中作主语，所以用who引导。
辨别强调句、定语从句、主语从句、状语从句（要点精讲）一、强调句与各从句的比较1．强调句与主语从句的比较强调句将句子中的It is/was … that同时省去，句子仍然成立；而主语从句不能。
如：(1)It was Tom that saw Jane at the movie theater yesterday. 是汤姆昨天在电影院见到简。
本句若将It was及that同时省去为：Tom saw Jane at the movie theater yesterday. 句子同样成立，因此该句是强调句。
(2)It is true that he is a man of few words.本句若将It is及that同时省去为：true he is a man of few words.，显然句子错误，因此，该句不是强调句，而是主语从句。
2．强调句与定语从句的比较(1)强调句中的It没有实际意义，It be与that同时去掉后句子仍然成立；而定语从句中的It be与that不可同时省略。
(2)在强调句中连接词只有that、who，并且不可以省略；而在定语从句中一般使用关系代词that，which，who，whom或关系副词when，where，why等，而that在从句中作宾语的时候可以省略。
(3)强调句中可以用副词、介词短语或从句来作被强调的内容；而定语从句的先行词（中心词）一般是名词或名词短语。
比较下列句子①It is on the island that they spent 10 years.②It is the island where (on which) they spent 10 years.解析：①表示地点的名词the island前有介词与其连用，说明它是一个完整的地点状语。
如果将it is及that去掉：They spent 10 years on the island.它的意义仍然完整。
定语从句与强调句的区别1. 强调句型中的it属于引导词，本身没有意义。
如果去掉is／was ... that结构，句子结构仍然完整，句意也完整。
定语从句中的it是指示代词，作主句的主语。
如果去掉it is／was ...that，句子结构不完整，意思也不完整。
It is a question that needs careful consideration.这是一个需要慎重考虑的问题。
（定语从句）It is novels that she enjoys reading.她喜欢阅读的是小说。
（= She enjoys reading novels.）（强调句型）It was at the railway station that we first met 16 years ago.是在火车站我们16年前第一次相逢。
（强调句型，强调地点状语at the railway station）It was the railway station where we first met 16 years ago.这是我们16年前第一次相逢的火车站。
（定语从句，where 是关系副词，在定语从句中做地点状语）2. 在强调句中被强调的部分还可以是副词、介词短语或从句；在定语从句中先行词一般是名词、代词或名词短语。
It was because she was ill that we decided to return.正是因为她生病了，我们才决定回来。
（强调句型）Was it the place where the party was held？这些是举行集会的那个地方吗？（定语从句）3. 有些强调句型中含有一个定语从句，这往往给理解带来一定的难度。
解决方法是仔细分析that或who在句中的作用。
It was in the lab that was set up last year they finished the experiment.他们是在去年建造的实验室里完成这个实验的。
初二英语强调句与定语从句结合练习题30题(答案解析)1. It was in the park ____ we often have a picnic ____ I met my old friend yesterday.A. where; thatB. that; whereC. which; thatD. that; which答案：A。
解析：本题考查强调句和定语从句。
第一个空所在的句子“we often have a picnic”是对先行词“park”的修饰，先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词“where”引导定语从句。
第二个空是强调句结构“It was...that...”，强调的是地点状语“in the park”。
B选项中“that”不能引导定语从句修饰“park”作地点状语；C选项“which”在定语从句中不能作地点状语；D选项第二个空“which”不能用于强调句。
2. It was the book ____ I bought last week ____ helped me a great deal.A. which; thatB. that; whichC. what; thatD. that; what答案：A。
解析：第一个空所在句子“I bought last week”是对先行词“book”的修饰，先行词在从句中作宾语，所以可以用“which”或“that”引导定语从句。
第二个空是强调句结构“It was...that...”，强调的是“the book”。
B选项中第二个空“which”不能用于强调句；C选项“what”不能引导定语从句；D选项中“what”既不能引导定语从句也不能用于强调句。
3. It was on the train ____ I was going to Beijing ____ I saw my English teacher.A. which; thatB. that; whereC. where; thatD. that; which答案：A。
1. It was in the garden of his old house he grew up he dug up a pot of gold. A.that;that B.where;where C.where;that D.that;where 2．—Where did you meet him while in Beijing? —It was in the hotel I stayed． A．that B．which C．when D．where 3．--- Where did you meet the famous actress? --- It was in the supermarket we went shopping last Sunday. A．which B．that C．where D．there 4.—Where did you get to know her? —It was on the farm we worked. A.that B.there C.which D.where 5. Some great people said it was their primary school teachers and their lessons they were fond of influenced their whole lives. A.which;that B.that;which C.which;which D.that;that 6. It was Benazir Bhutto，former Pakistan Prime Minister，was leaving the rally that the suicide bomb happened， the world felt sorry. A.when;for which B.as;which C.since;for which D.after;which 7. —On the contrary，I think it is the mother，rather than her children， to blame. —I agree with you. A.what is B.that is C.who are D.that are 8.I wonder if it was in the bookstore I bought some books I lost the keys. A.that;that B.where;where C.where;that D.that;where 9.It was in the stone house was built as a school by local villagers the boy finished his primary school. A.which;that B.that;where C.which;which D.that;which 10.It was on October 15 the Communist Party 17th Congress began， was the biggest political meeting in five years. A.which;that B.what;which C.which;who D.that;which 11. Is it Dave Williams runs a website he encourages people to protect the environment? A.who;that B.that;which C.who;where D.that;as 与强调句的区分 1答案 C 2答案 D 3答案 C 4 答案 D解析 where在句中引导定语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。
5答案 D 6答案 A 7答案 B 8答案 C 9 答案 A 10答案 D 11答案 C
高考英语试题中定语从句与强调句陷阱题详解 http://edu.QQ.com 2008年12月08日17:09 英语学习网 我要评论(3) 第 1 2 3 页
1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _________ high mountains.
A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were 【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。
【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains，arou nd which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）： (1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _________ some fruit shops. A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are (2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _________ the city police station. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are (3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _________ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are 2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand” A. that B. which C. where D. what 【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。 【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？
3. David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like. A. that B. who C. as D. whom 【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的 that，便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。
【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such … that … (如此……以至……)结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such … that …，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用that。比较下面一题，答案为A，因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him： David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like him. A. that B. who C. as D. whom 请再做以下试题（答案选D）： It was not such a good dinner _________ she had promised us. A. like B. that C. which D. as 4. The buses, most of _________ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A. that B. it C. them D. which 【陷阱】容易误选 C，用 them 代指 the buses。 【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses。类似地，以下各题也选D： (1) His house, for _________ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000. A. that B. it C. them D. which (2) Ashdown forest, through _________ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer. A. that B. it C. them D. which (3) This I did at nine o’clock, after _________ I sat reading the paper.
A. that B. it C. them D. which 类似地，以下各题选 whom，不选 them： (4) George, with _________ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.
A. that B. him C. them D. whom (5) Her sons, both of _________ work abroad, will come back home this summer.
