杭州二中2012届高三第六次月考英语试题
选择题部分
第一部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：单项填空（共20小题；每小题0.5分，满分10分）
1. --- I would rather have some wine, if you don’t mind.
--- _______. Don’t forget you will drive.
A. Anything but that
B. By all means
C. Take it easy
D. I won’t say no to this
2. Usually, mom has conversations with me over _______ telephone, while keeping in touch with David by
_______ letter.
A. 不填；the
B. 不填；a
C. the；不填
D. the; a
3. It’s important for students to _______ half an hour every morning to read English.
A. set about
B. set up
C. set aside
D. set out
4. I know I shouldn’t have accepted anything from such a person, but I found it really hard to turn down his
________.
A. suggestion
B. request
C. mercy
D. offer
5. The new machine, as is put in the report, will work twice as fast, _______ greatly reducing costs.
A. so
B. even
C. yet
D. thus
6. Lily failed the final examination. She is a diligent student, _______.
A. yet
B. though
C. although
D. besides
7. They haven’t arrived yet but we _______ them at any moment.
A. are expected
B. have expected
C. are expecting
D. will expect
8. The novel was completed in 1978, _______ the economic system has seen great changes.
A. when
B. during which
C. since then
D. since when
9. Many of the creatures in J.K Rowling’s world are not real and much of ________ happens is strange to us.
A. which
B. them
C. what
D. that
10. ________ and we will complete the task sent us.
A. Another hour
B. An hour later
C. After an hour
D. In an hour
11. To deal with the global financial crisis, China has _______ a string of forceful measures over the past
months.
A. worked out
B. found out
C. turned out
D. made out
12. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better ________ it —you’ve got some big
bills ________.
A. forgot; coming
B. forget; coming
C. forgetting; to be coming
D. forget; to come
13. It is said during the World Climate Conference-3 (WCC-3) held in Copenhagen in 2009, some developed
countries even refused to ________ to the agreement on carbon emissions.
A. contribute
B. refer
C. subscribe
D. stick
14. Nancy is my faithful friend and quite often she would make me a/an ________ promise that she will help me
if needed.
A. accurate
B. cautious
C. casual
D. absolute
15. ---What does the sign over there read?
---No person _______ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.
A. must
B. may
C. shall
D. will
16. After we learned the long passage, Ms. Zhang recommended us to read through it again and try to write a/an
________ of this one.
A. adventure
B. abstract
C. journal
D. issue
17. Sometimes we will put ourselves in such a kind of situation where there is nothing we can do ________ than
wait.
A. better
B. rather
C. more
D. other
18. There will be more than 750 projects ________, creating nearly 40,000 jobs starting this summer, including
15,000 in a Youth Conservation Corps.
A. started
B. to be started
C. starting
D. being started
19. ---Where shall we go to spend the weekend?
---Nowhere ________, anywhere you like.
A. in all
B. in general
C. in case
D. in particular
20. ---Mr. Black, this is our language lab. Would you like to go in and have a look?
---OK. ________!
A. Help yourself
B. This way
C. Follow me D . After you
第二节：完型填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
You’ve heard the expression, “What you see is what you get.” My grandfather used to say: “If you looked at a tree long enough, it will move.” We see what we want to see. Psychologists tell us that ___21___ controls our lives more than our self-image. We live like the person we see in the ___22___. We are what we think we are. ___23___ you don’t think you’ll be successful, you won’t. You can’t be it if you can’t see it. Your life is ___24___ your vision. If you want to change your life, you must change your vision of your life.
Arnold Schwarzenegger was not ___25___ famous in 1976 when he met with a newspaper reporter. The reporter asked Schwarzenegger: “Now that you’ve ___26___ from bodybuilding, what do you plan to do next? Schwarzenegger answered very calmly and ___27___: “I’m going to be the best movie star in Hollywood.“ The reporter was ___28___ and amused at Schwarzenegger’s plan. At that time, it was very hard to ___29___ how this muscle-bound bodybuilder, who was not a ___30___ actor and who spoke poor English ___31___ a strong Austrian accent, could ever hope to be Hollywood’s movie star!
So the reporter asked Schwarzenegger how he planned to make his dream come true, Schwarzenegger said: “I’ll do it the same way I became the best ___32___ in the world. What I do was to ___33___ a vision of who I want to be, and ___34___ I start living like that person in my mind ___35___ it were already true.” Sounds almost childishly simple, doesn’t it? But it ___36___! Schwarzenegger DID become the first class highest ___37___ movie star in Hollywood!
Remember: “If you can see it, you can be it.” A successful businessman I know wears a shirt with these words on it: “Don’t just pursue your ___38___. Chase them down and tackle them!” You only get one life to live, so why not live the best life possible? So you can be ___39___ satisfied at what you see and ___40___. Just think a minute!
第二部分：阅读理解（第一节20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，满分50分）
第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
A
Amy Chua may well be very nuts. What kind of a mother will drag her then 7-year-old daughter’s dollhouse out to the car and tell her that it is going to be donated if the poor kid doesn’t master a difficult piano composition by the next day? What kind of a mother will inform her daughter that she is nothing but “garbage”? And what kind of mother will believe, as Chua tells readers, that “an A- is not always a good grade”? The only activities her children should be permitted to do are those in which they can eventually win a medal, which must be gold.
What kind of a mother she is? Why, a mother who is raising her kids in the typical Chinese way, rather than the Western way. In her new book, Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother, Chua tells her adventures in Chinese parenting, and —so nuts as she may be —she is also mesmerizing (迷惑的). Chua’s voice is that of a happy, knowledgeable serial killer —think Hannibal Lecter —who’s explaining how he’s going to cut his next victim, as though it’s the most self-evidently normal behavior.
There is another attractive aspect of Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother. There are methods to Chua’s madness, enough method to stir up self-doubt in those readers who support the more educating parenting styles. It is trusted that Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother is going to be a book club and parenting blog phenomenon; there will be fevered debate over Chua’s tough love strategies, which include unchangeable bans on such Western indulgences (纵容) as sleepovers, play dates, and any after class activities except practicing musical instruments, which must be limited between the violin or the piano.
The back story to Chua’s book is this —she is the daughter of a couple of Chinese immigrants and is now a professor at Yale Law School and the author of two best-selling “big-think” books on “free-market
democracy” and “the fall of empires”. When Chua married her husband, her fellow Yale law professor and a novelist Jed Rubenfeld, they agreed that their children would be brought up in “the Chinese way,” in which punishingly hard work, enforced by parents produces excellence; excellence, in turn, produces satisfaction. The success of this strategy is hard to debate. Their older daughter is a piano talent who played at Carnegie Hall when she was 14 or so. The second, a more rebellious (叛逆的) daughter, Lulu, is a gifted violinist. Chua rode the girls hard, making sure they practiced at least three hours a day even on vacations, when she would call ahead to arrange access to practice in hotel lobby bars and basement storage rooms.
Chua also rarely refrained (抑制) from criticizing her daughters. She explains: Chinese parents can do things that would seem unimaginable to Westerners. Chinese mothers can say to their daughters, “Hey so fatty, lose some weight.” By contrast, Western parents have to tiptoe around the issue, talking in terms of "health" and never ever mentioning the f-word, and their kids still end up in treatment for eating disorders and negative self-image. ... Western parents are concerned about their children’s minds. Chinese parents aren’t. They assume strength, not weakness, and as a result they behave very differently.
41. The underlined word “nuts”in the first and second paragraphs most probably means _______.
A. intelligent
B. crazy
C. difficult
D. eager
42. Which of the following practices are tough love strategies EXCEPT _______.
A. Children must get a medal if they attend a competition
B. Children should practice piano even on holidays.
C. Children are indulged to sleepover, play dates, etc.
D. Children are called “garbage” or “fatty”
43. What’s the writer’s purpose of using the example of “weight problem”？
A. To show Chinese parents can do unimaginable things.
B. To make a comparison between Western and Chinese mothers.
C. To make us believe the western way of parenting is much better.
D. To show that Chinese mothers care more about their children.
44. From the passage we can learn that Chua’s way of parenting is _______.
A. widely acceptable
B. very traditional
C. quite controversial
D. out of date
45. Which is the main idea of the passage?
A. The Chinese way of parenting has its advantages.
B. Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother is a best seller.
C. The westerners are not good at raising children.
D. Tiger mothers raise their children in the Chinese way.
B
Eat Your Way to Fitness on a Global Diet
Zhang Wuben, a self-made diet expert in Beijing, who was once respected across the nation, now finds himself in disgrace. He sold millions of books by claiming that mung beans (绿豆) and eggplant could cure many diseases but it has been discovered that he faked his credentials (资历). So you might think twice about looking to food as a source of health or healing. However, some beliefs have proved their scientific merit over centuries of practice. For example, butter milk and yogurt were used to treat a fungus (真菌) infection of the mouth, before the invention of fungicides. Fresh fruit was used to treat scurvy before the “invention” of vitamins. Many generations of people drank warm milk before bed time to help them sleep soundly.
Food can help a patient in several ways because it provides nutrients needed by a sick person in a form he or she can use and it also provides nutrients for people who lack them. Different regions and nations have their own healthy diet recipes. Let’s take a look at some of the most famous ones.
Mediterranean Diet
A study conducted in the US has found that people on a Mediterranean diet, which includes large quantities of fruit and vegetables, lower their risk of death from both heart disease and cancer. People in the Mediterranean region usually consume very little red meat, such as pork or beef. Instead they eat a lot of fish and shellfish. Nuts are another part of a healthy Mediterranean diet. Tree nuts, including walnuts, pecans (山核桃), almond (杏仁) and hazel nuts , are low in saturated (饱和的) fat.
Japanese Diet
The Japanese are known to enjoy one of the longest life expectancies in the world. The emphasis of their diet is on small portions of fresh seasonal food. People value quality over quantity, and eat slowly so as to fully appreciate the flavours of the food and reach a feeling of satisfaction with less food. Fresh fruit is the preferred dessert.
French Diet
The French eat rich foods, drink lots of wine and smoke, but they are still thin and fit. What are their secrets?
The French get most of their fat from dairy and vegetable sources, such as whole milk, cheese and whole milk yogurt. Instead of snacks, they drink herbal (药草的) tea or water between meals.
C
Traditional surgical operations require surgeons to make large incisions (伤口) in a patient’s body in order to gain access to the internal organs. It was once common for heart surgeons, who perform highly specialized and complex operations, to make long incisions in a patient’s chest and then split the breastbone to reach the heart. Patients who undergo surgery are often at the risk of infection, as bacteria can infect the cut in the skin. In addition, there is often a lengthy recovery period.
A surgical technique known as “keyhole surgery” has become more common in recent years. In general, the surgeon will make a couple of small incisions around the area where the operation is going to be performed. Tubes are pushed into the holes, and a tiny camera, which is called an endoscope, is put into the body. The camera is attached to a large monitor screen so that the doctor can see it while he performs the operation. In addition to the camera, doctors also push their tiny surgical instruments through the tubes. The awkward part of keyhole surgery is that it is counterintuitive; that is to say, if a surgeon wants to move the tool to the left, he or she must push it to the right.
Other advancements in technology are also being used today in the operation room. A new machine called the “da Vinci Surgical System” has been tested in hospitals in the U.S. Unlike keyhole surgery, the da Vinci’s robot’s moving parts are designed to imitate the natural hand and wrist movement of a surgeon, thus providing better control and sensitivity. The system is controlled by a surgeon from a console (控制台). Sitting at a console a few feet from the patient, the surgeon can perform an operation by holding and moving highly sensitive pads that enable him or her to control the instruments. The area of the body on which the surgeon is working is enlarged on a screen, which is attached to the console. This gives surgeons a realistic three-dimensional view of the area —similar to what they would see during a traditional surgical procedure.
Although the da Vinci Surgical System is undergoing some trials for some operations, it has been welcomed as revolutionary by many surgeons. Patients with serious illnesses must still undergo major surgery, but the smaller incisions typically mean that a shorter recovery time is needed.
50. What can be learned about the traditional surgery according to the passage?
A. The cost of the traditional surgery is very high.
B. It often leaves a large wound in a person’s body.
C. Long incisions are made in a patient’s chest.
D. The incision is often infected after the operation.
51. Which of the following is one of the disadvantages of keyhole surgery?
A. It requires the use of long, thin tools and a tiny camera.
B. The doctor can not view the inside of the patient’s body clearly.
C. The direction in which a doctor moves the surgical tools is opposite.
D. An endoscope has to be inserted into the patient’s body in advance.
52. The da Vinci Surgical System differs from keyhole surgery in that ________.
A. requires that a surgeon make more small incisions on a patient
B. reduces the amount of time it takes to perform a surgical procedure
C. allows the surgeon to use the surgical instruments more sensitively
D. eliminates the need for surgeons to make large incisions on patients
53. The passage mainly tells the reader ________.
A. the challenges brought about by new technology
B. the benefits and drawbacks of the da Vinci Surgical System
C. the reflections on the development in medical science
D. the application of new technologies in modern surgery
54. Where can you possibly find the above passage?
A. In a popular science magazine.
B. In a medical equipment advertisement.
C. In a daily newspaper.
D. In a textbook for medical students.
D
Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular free time activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers jog, they don’t run the streets. Every one of them automatically heads to the park or the river. It is my firm belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.
But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived (丧失). I spent my boyhood climbing trees. These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and strange new ideas about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.
The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD (多动症). Those whose housing had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.
A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground. A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, the entire school would do better in studies.
Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity.
Most bullying (恃强凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) playground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds me unpleasantly of SunnyhillSchool, with its hard tarmac, where I used to hang about in corners dreaming about wildlife.
But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls.
One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.
The life of old people is much better when they have access to nature. The most important for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.
In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings improve all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world.
Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, states in his study, “A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its process helps reduce anger and behavior that people might regret later.” Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.
We tend to think human beings are doing nature some kind of favour when we are protecting nature. The error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is damaging.
Human beings are a species of animals. For seven million years we lived on the planet as part of nature. So we miss the natural world and long for contact with non-human life. Anyone who has patted a dog, stroked a cat, sat under a tree with a glass of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that.
We need the wild world. It is necessary to our well-being, our health, our happiness. Without other living things around us we are less than human.
55. What is the author’s firm belief?
A. People seek nature in different ways.
B. People should spend most of their lives in the wild.
C. People have quite different ideas of nature.
D. People must make more efforts to study nature.
56. What does the author say people prefer for their children nowadays?
A. Personal freedom.
B. Things that are natural.
C. Urban surroundings.
D. Things that are purchased.
57. What does a study in Sweden show?
A. The natural environment can help children learn better.
B. More access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.
C. A good playground helps kids develop their physical abilities.
D. Natural views can prevent children from developing ADHD.
58. Children who have chances to explore natural areas ________.
A. tend to develop a strong love for science
B. are more likely to dream about wildlife
C. tend to be physically tougher in adulthood
D. are less likely to be involved in bullying
59. What does the author suggest we do to help children with ADHD?
A. Find more effective drugs for them.
B. Provide more green spaces for them.
C. Place them under more personal care.
D. Engage them in more meaningful activities.
60. In what way do elderly people benefit from their contact with nature?
A. They look on life optimistically.
B. They enjoy a life of better quality.
C. They are able to live longer.
D. They become good-humoured.
第二节：下面文章中有5处（第61~65题）需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。
Glass, in one form or another, has long been in noble service to humans. As one of the most widely used of manufactured materials, it can be as impressive as a telescope mirror the width of a tennis court or as small and simple as a marble rolling across dirt. The uses of this adaptable material have been broadened dramatically by new technologies.
64._______________
The use of glass as art, a tradition dates back at least to Roman times, is booming. Nearly everywhere, it seems, men and women are blowing glass and creating works of art. "I didn't sell a piece of glass until 1975," Dale Chihuly said, smiling. For 18 years he has become one of the most financially successful artists of the 20th
century. He now has a new commission, a glass sculpture for the headquarters building of a pizza company---for which his fee is half a million dollars.
65. ______________
Today, scientists continue to experiment with new glass mixtures and building designers test their imaginations with applications of special types of glass. A London architect, Mike Davies, sees even more dramatic buildings using molecular chemistry. "Glass is the great building material of the future," he said. Think of how the tall buildings in New York could perform a symphony of colors as the glass in them is made to change colors instantly. Mike Davies's vision may indeed be on the way to fulfillment.
非选择题部分
第三部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：短文改错（满分10分）
下面文中共有10处语言错误，要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（/\），并在该句下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
例如：
Last weekend, I have an interview with Professor Wang, eye doctor, concerning the issue of short-sightedness of
school children in China. According to Professor Wang, slight more than half of the school children in our country
is short-sighted, ranked the first in the world. He also pointed out that the causes of short-sightedness are such
complicated that no medicine can cure for short-sightedness. He suggested that school children avoided the
overuse of their eyes and do more outdoor activities. He particularly reminded us that why to hold a pen is also
related with shortsightedness.
第二节：书面表达(满分30分)
假如你是卓越高中将要毕业的高三学生李越，想去香港大学（the University of Hong Kong）学习，因此你打算写一封电子邮件，就相关事宜进行咨询。
内容要点：
1.你对环境科学（Environmental Science）很感兴趣，如何才能够被该大学的相关专业录取；
2.是否需要参加专门的英语考试；
3.该校的奖学金、学费、食宿安排和生活费用等情况。
注意：1.邮件必须包含以上所有内容，可适当增加细节；
2.词数120~150；
3.开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Sir,
My name is Li Yue. I am a student from ZhuoyueSenior High School. _______________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Yue
杭州二中2015学年第一学期高一年级期终考试 思想政治试题 本试题卷分为第Ⅰ卷（判断题、选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 一、判断题（判断下列说法是否正确，正确的请将答卷相应题号后的 A 涂黑，错误的请将答卷相应题号后的D涂黑。每小题1.5 分，共30 分。） 1．以货币为媒介的商品交换，叫做流通手段。 2．外汇是两种货币之间的兑换比例。 3．单位商品的价值量是由生产该商品的社会必要劳动时间决定的。 4．一种商品的价格上升，会使消费者增加对相关商品的需求量。 5．超市购物属于社会再生产中的消费环节。 6．非公有制经济是社会主义经济的重要组成部分。 7．解放和发展社会生产力是中国特色社会主义的根本任务。 8．股东大会及董事会是公司的决策机构，负责组织实施公司的日常经营管理事宜。 9．贷款业务是商业银行的基础业务，是我国商业银行利润的主要来源。 10．商业保险是保险人根据合同约定向保险公司支付保险金以规避风险的投资理财方式。11．在经济过热、物价上涨时，国家可以采取紧缩性财政政策，减少税收，给经济“降温”。12．虚报自然灾害获得国家税收优惠，是偷税行为。 13．坚持公有制的主体地位，是社会主义市场经济的基本标志。 14．深入贯彻落实科学发展观，必须把全面协调可持续作为基本要求。 15．人民民主专政的本质是公民当家作主。 16．行使选举权和被选举权是公民参与管理国家和管理社会的基础和标志。 17．公民向国家机关反映意见、提出建议，这是通过信访举报制度参与民主决策。 18．自己选举当家人是村民参与民主管理的主要途径。 19．政府履行基本职能，并不意味着政府包办一切。 20．对人民负责，要求政府树立求真务实的工作态度。 二、选择题（每小题中只有一个选项是符合题意的，不选、多选、错选均不得分；每小题2 分，共50分。） 21．29岁的塔尼娅是个学生，买公寓的时候获赠了一个车位，但她没有车，于是就在网站上把车位租出去。2013年7月以来已经成交了100笔生意，每个月能为她带来200英镑（1854元人民币）收入。这就是分享经济，它以互联网技术为基础，使人们可以互相分享彼此的财产、时间和技能。党的十八届五中全会公报明确指出“发展分享经济”。 据此判断下列经济活动中属于分享经济的是（）
十二月月考英语试卷 第Ⅰ卷 (共110分) 第一部分听力(共两小节，每小题1.5分,满分30分) 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相对应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答相关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。 1． W hat is the relationship between Miss Brown and Harry Hill? A. Workmates. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student. 2. What does the woman dislike about McDonald? A. The service. B. The unhealthy food. C. The noisy environment. 3. What are the speakers probably talking about? A. Buying a house. B. Finding a hotel. C. Renting a house. 4. What will the woman probably do? A. Leave. B. Sit down C. Remain standing. 5. What does the man want to do? A. Go out B. Stay in bed. C. Go to work. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相对应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6-7小题。 6. Where will the performance be held? A. At the Moon Theatre. B. At the Youth Square. C. In the woman ’s school. 7. What is the performance for? A. Celebrating Christmas. B. Repairing the Youth Square. C. Collecting money for poor students. 听第7段材料，回答第8-10小题。 8. What do we know about the boy? A. He went to the supermarket yesterday. B. He left his exercise book at home. C. He often forgets to hand in his exercise book. 9. What does the woman think of the boy? A. He is lazy. B. He is bright. C. He is honest. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Sister and brother. C. Teacher and student. 听第8段材料，回答第11-13小题。 11. Where does the man often shop? 大赵家高中 红安三中
小学英语五年级下册 第一次月考测试卷 （考试时间：60分钟总分：100分）一．火眼金睛。（选出不同类的单词）（10分） （）1. A. farmer B. drive C.worker （）2. A. buses B. cars C. desk （）3. A. lived B. danced C. taught （）4. A.food B. radio C. telephone （）5. A. ago B. yesterday C. tomorrow 二．单词加工厂。（用所给单词的适当形式填空）（10分） 1. There (be) an apple and two oranges on the table. 2. What (do) you do yesterday? 3. My grandmother (make) a cake for me yesterday. 4. Sam (go) to school at eight every day. 5. She (work) in the fields ten years ago. 三．从方框中选择适当的介词填空。（10分） 1. Many years ago my grandparents lived a small house. 2. Look! It’s a programme China. 3. Thank you talking to us. 4. My grandma cooked a fire. 5. She learnt cook. 四．单项选择。（20分） （）1. There any books on the desk yesterday. A. are B. were C. weren’t （）2. I didn’t a bike two years ago.. A. have B. has C. had （）3. old lady talked about her life. A. A B. An C. a （）4. --- are they, Lingling? --- They’re my grandparents. A. Who B. What C.Where （）5. Many years ago, we didn’t have a TV a computer. A. and B. or C. of （）6. China is . A. changing B. change C. changeing （）7. There are too children. There isn’t food. A.much,enough B.many,enough C.many,much （）8. Mr Li Chinese now . A．is teaching B. teach C.taught
重庆八中 高2011级高三（上）第二次月考 英语试题 本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。共150分。考试时间120分钟。 第一卷（三部分，共115分） 第一部分听力（共三节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分） 请听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试题卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What is the woman probably going to do? A．Working with the man． B．Going to t he beach with the man． C．Staying in the office． 2．How many dollars does the woman still need to buy the skirt? A．Thirty dollars．B．Forty dollars．C．Fifty dollars． 3．How does the woman usually go to the bookstore? A．By car．B．By bike．C．On foot． 4．What will the man use? A．Chop sticks．B．Fork．C．Knife． 5．Where does the dialogue possibly take place? A．In a meeting room．B．In a hotel．C．At the Concert Hall． 第二节（共12小题；每小题1．5分，满分18分）
浙江省杭州市杭州二中2019-2020学年高一（下）期末物理试题 一、单选题 (★★) 1. 如图所示，均不带电的橡胶棒与毛皮摩擦后，橡胶棒带负电，毛皮带正电，这是因为（） A．空气中的正电荷转移到了毛皮上B．空气中的负电荷转移到了橡胶棒上 C．毛皮上的电子转移到了橡胶棒上D．橡胶棒上的电子转移到了毛皮上 二、多选题 (★★) 2. 下列说法正确的是（） A．电场强度的单位用国际单位制的基本单位来表示，为牛顿每库仑，即N/C B．重力势能、弹性势能、电势能都是系统所共有的能量 C．由开普勒第二定律可知，在相同时间内，地球与太阳的连线扫过的面积和火星与太阳的连线扫过的面积相同 D．库仑定律对任意空间中任意状态的两个点电荷都成立，并且库仑定律与万有引力定律公式具有相似的形式，都与距离的平方成反比，因此被称为平方反比定律 三、单选题 (★★★) 3. 在物理学发展的过程中，有许多伟大的科学家做出了突出贡献。关于科学家和他们的贡献，下列说法正确的是（） A．英国物理学家焦耳在热学、电磁学等方面做出了杰出贡献，成功地发现了焦耳定律
B．德国天文学家开普勒对他导师第谷观测的行星数据进行多年研究，得出了万有引力定律C．法国物理学家库仑利用库仑扭秤首先较准确的测定了万有引力常量 D．英国物理学家麦克斯韦引入了电场线来辅助描述电场 (★★) 4. 如图所示为两个固定在同一水平面上的点电荷，距离为d，电荷量分别为+ Q和- Q。在它们的中垂线上水平固定一根内壁光滑的绝缘细管，一电量为+ q的小球缓慢经过细管，则 小球（） A．小球的电势能先增大后减小B．受到的库仑力先做负功后做正功 C．受到的库仑力最大值为D．管壁对小球的弹力最大值为 (★★★) 5. 静电计是在验电器的基础上制成的，用其指针张角的大小来定性显示其金属球与外 壳之间的电势差大小．如图所示， A、 B是平行板电容器的两个金属板，G为静电计．开始时 开关S闭合，静电计指针张开一定角度，为了使指针张开的角度增大些，下列采取的措施可行 的是( ) A．断开开关S后，将A、B两极板分开些 B．保持开关S闭合，将A、B两极板分开些 C．保持开关S闭合，将A、B两极板靠近些 D．保持开关S闭合，将变阻器滑动触头向右移动 (★★) 6. 如图所示，实线是两个等量点电荷P、Q形成电场的等势面，虚线是一带电粒子仅在 电场力作用下运动的轨迹， a、 b、 c是轨迹上的三个点， b位于P、Q连线的中点。则（）
七年级第一次月考英语试题 一、词语使用（请根据句意和首字母或所给信息将句子补充完整。）共10分，每小题1分。 1. How many __________ (颜色) do you like? 2. Don’t forget your __________ (夹克). 3. Jack is my _________(同班同学). 4. ---W_________ book is this? ---It’s Li Ming’s. 5. Her ____________（女式衬衫）is very nice. 6. I ___________ (真地)like apples. 7.Jim has two ___________ （围巾）.They are new. 8. Are you __________(准备好的)for class? 9. These are my shoes. Look! They are _________ (恰恰，差不多) right for me. 10.These women are ____________(漂亮的)in the black and white uniforms. 二、单项选择。共20分，每小题1分。 ( )1. ---Hello! My name is Lucy. ---____! My name is Kate. A Hello B Fine C Goodbye D Thanks ( )2 This is _____ eraser and that is ____ ruler. A a,a B an,an Ca,an D an,a ( )3 The red skirts ____ Betty’s. A be B am C is D are ( )4 ---_______ ---I’m fine,thanks. A How are you? B What’s your name? C Good morning. D See you later. ( )5---I like the dress. --- ______. A Me, too. B I do C I am D I too. ( )6---_______! Where is the school?---Here it is. A Excuse me B Hello C Sorry D Thank you ( )7---Do you have a blue shirt? ---No, I ____. A isn’t B don’t C doesn’t D aren’t ( )8 Let’s go ____ to buy some pencils. A shop Bshops C shopping D shoppings ( )9 ---Is this sweater new?---No. It’s ____. A big B small C old D nice ( )10 Your ____ are over there. A blouse B shoes C skirt D shirt ( )11 He looks nice ____green. A at B in C for D with ( )12 ---What’s that? --- It’s _____ sweater. A she B her C he D me ( )13_____ hats are Lucy’s. A These B This C That D Her ( )14 The ___ are in my bag. A hat B apple C keys D boy ( )15 ____ book is here. _____ can read it. A I, You B MY, Your CＭy, you D I, your ( )16 We have ____ in our classroom. A lesson B lessons C class D classes ( )17 You can’t buy all the things ___ your list. A in B on C for D with ( )18 ---Can I help you? --- Yes, I want to buy some things ____ my class. A for B in C to D at ( )19 The boy ___ a good student. ____ name is Wu Bing. A am, He B is, His C are, His D is, He ( )20 ---Green is my favourite colour. _____?
银川一中2013届高三年级第二次月考 英语试卷 2012．9 命题教师:朱庆林、武慧娟 第Ⅰ卷 (共115分) 第一部分：听力理解(共两节。满分30分) 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题的阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When does the man get up on Saturday ? A. At 7:00 B. At 7:30 C. At 8:00 2. Where does the conversation most probably take place ? A. At a restaurant B. At a shop C. Over the phone 3. Where is the woman going? A. To a football ground B. To the airport. C. To her apartment 4. What can we learn from the conversation ? A. The man is writing a composition B. The woman will choose two broad topics next . C. The woman will narrow the topic down next. 5. What does the man advise the woman to do ? A. Go to the ticket window and ask. B. Ask someone else on the street. C. Call the ticket seller. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话和独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A B C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话和独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5分钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话和独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How did the man get the two tickets ? A. He booked them over the phone in advance. B. He bought them from his classmates. C. He got up early in the morning and lined up. 7. What will the speakers do tomorrow ? A. See the film B. Go to the supermarket C. Make some snacks. 听第七段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where did the woman find out about the job ? A. From an ad on the television . B. From a poster . C. From her friend
2015年浙江省杭州二中高三年级仿真考 语文试题卷 一、基础知识（24分，其中选择题每小题3分） 1．下列词语中加点的字，读音全都正确的一组是 A．风靡．（mǐ）露．（lòu）穷口供．(gòng) 铩．羽而归(shā) B．僭．越（jiàn）绥．靖(suí) 肄．业(yí) 宁．缺毋滥(nìng) C．噱．头(xué) 贫瘠．(jí) 鞭挞．(tà) 独辟蹊．径(qī) D．市侩．(kuài) 启碇．(diàn) 鳜．鱼(guì) 为虎作伥．(chāng) 2．下列各句中，没有错别字的一项是 A．碰到碧空万里、艳阳高照的日子，宫殿屋顶的黄色釉瓦就闪耀生辉；在暮蔼四合或曙色初露之时，紫禁城的大门上的谯楼立在苍茫的天色中，像半空中的碉堡。 B．汪国真为人谦和，温文而雅；他的诗或天才爆发，或激情弥漫，或柔情万丈，如同清澈的溪流，无关深奥，也无关晦涩。 C．秋天的月亮印在皎洁的水潭，清澄而静谧；抬起头，月轮高悬，将人心从凡俗生活的喧闹、焦躁引向宏阔、幽深的宇宙。 D．漫游山中的妙处，在于你不用踌躇你的服色和体态。你不妨摇曳你一头的蓬草，不妨纵容你满腮的苔藓，在绿草上打滚，在蓝天下歌唱，在古木旁冥想。 3．下列各句中加点的词语使用不正确的一项是 A．登到高山上，会看得远些；看得远，就会损失一些细节，即分辨率会降低。但忽略 ．．细节，感受整体，有时正是人们所追求的，“登高望远”一直是中国文学中的一个重要的主题。 B．苏州世乒赛圆满收官，中国队再度实现了包揽，不过，主教练刘国梁并没有欣然自喜，反而 ．．有一些着急和担忧，因为他希望有更多的新人和黑马来打乱现在的局势，把整个队伍盘活。 C．专家认为，解决环境污染问题，釜底抽薪 ．．．．的办法，是要保持经济比较快速的增长，让我国能够比较快地进入到以服务业为主的高收入阶段。 D．“世界那么大，我想去看看”，短短10个字的辞职信，被人称为“史上最具情怀的辞职信”，也让一 名普通的中学女教师成为现在炙手可热 ．．．．的人物。 4．下列各句中，没有语病的一项是 A．没有体制内的职务，没有工资，没有广告赞助，全凭自己的良心和责任，柴静拍摄的这部《穹顶之下》，让国人看到了柔性的、坚韧的力量。 B．5月1日起，杭州市11家市属医院将在门诊区设立“24小时自助服务区”，推出24小时自助挂号服务，为患者提供全天候不间断的预约挂号服务。 C．云南女导游辱骂游客事件发生后，国家旅游局有关负责人表示，任何以不合理低价诱骗游客入团，通过安排购物获取回扣，向游客索取财物，都是违反旅游法的。 D．美国地震学会《地震研究通讯》主编彭志刚副教授认为，尼泊尔地震是亚欧板块与印度板块逆冲挤压的结果造成的，由于震级较大，震源较浅，因而破坏性强。 5．为下面一段文字的横线处填入语句排序。（4分） 魏晋六朝时期，人们开始认为“初发芙蓉”比之于“镂金错采”是一种更高的美的境界。 这对后来的美学思想，有极大的影响。 ①一种是否定的，如墨子认为是奢侈、骄横、剥削的表现，所以他“非乐” ②诸子对此采取了不同的态度 ③这种美学思想的解放在先秦哲学家那里有了萌芽
贺兰四中2010—2011学年九年级第一次月考英语试卷 选择题 一．听力（共25小题，计分25分；其中有5个小题为非选择题，答题位置在第五题听力题内）。 Ⅰ.听对话选出正确的图画。（5分） Ⅱ.听句子选择恰当的答语。（5分） 6.A. Y ou’re welcome. B. Yes, I think so. C. It’s my pleasure. 7. A. She will go swimming. B. She likes drawing. C. She is a teacher. 8. A. You are right. B. That’s right. C. Never mind. 9. A. Come on. B. You are welcome. C. It’s very kind of you. 10.A. Yes, it does. B. No, it isn’t. C. Yes, it has. Ⅲ.听对话及对话后的问题，然后选择正确答案。（5分） 11. A. A train. B. A bus. C. A taxi. 12. A. At 11:30. B. At 12:00. C. At 12:30. 13.A. 4. B. 5. C. 6. 14.A. She has got a heavy cold. B. She has got a stomachache. C. She has got a headache. 15.A. To a store. B. To his school. C. To a library. Ⅳ. 听对话或独白，然后根据所提问题，选择正确的答案。（5分） 第一节 16. Who is Jim talking with? A. His mother. B. His sister. C. His teacher. 17. What color shoes does Jim like? A. Blue. B. Green. C. White. 第二节 18. What do trees give us? A.Life. B. Rings. C. Wood, oxygen and many other things. 19. What is the weather like if the ring is thin? A. Fine. B. Dry or very cold. C. Warm and wet. 20. What’s the best title for this passage? A. Weather Report B. Cutting trees C. Rings of the Trees 二．单项选择（20分） 21.He studies _____ the test _____reading the text. A. of, by B. for, by C. for; for D. by; for 22.Peter isn’t a friendly boy, so no one would like to _____him as a friend. A. realize B. memorize C. face D. regard 23.I met a new word while reading, so I ______in the dictionary. A. looked for it B. looked it over C. looked at it D. looded it up 24. There are a lot of old things in the old house. And we don’t know how to ______them. A. make up B. break off C. deal with D. go by 25.His mother couldn’t afford to ______her education. A. spend B. take C. cost D. pay for 26. --_____go to work by car? --Yes. But now he rides a bike. A.Did he used to B. Uses he to C. He did use D. Did he use to 27.Money is important ____ it’s not the most important thing. A. and B. but. C. or D. so 28. --What do you think is the best way to learn English? --I think _____an English notebook is the best way. A. keep B. keeps C. keeping D. kept 29.---I don’t know how to improve my spoken English. ---Why _____an English language club? A. don’t join B. not joining C. not you join D. don’t you join 30. ---Do you play ______piano in your free time? ---No, I like sports. I often play _____soccer with my friends. A. /; the B. the; / C. the; the D. a; the 31.---Mary runs in the park every morning. ---Really? But she ______doing morning exercises. A.is used to hating B. was used to hate
2019-2020 年七年级下第一次月考英语试卷及 答案 注意事项： 1.全卷共 12 页，满分 120 分，答题时间为 120 分钟。 2.卷 I 的答案填到卷 II 相应的位置，卷 II 的答案直接写在卷 II 的试卷上。 第I 卷 听力部分（ 20 分） 一、听力部分（每小题 1 分，共 20 分） 一、听句子，选图片。（每小题 1 分，共 5 分） 听下面五个句子 , 根据你所听到的句子的顺序选择相应的图片，每个句子听两遍, A B C D E
1. _______ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ 二、听对话，选答案。（每小题 1 分，共 5 分） ( ) 6. A. At school B. At home C. In the libraries. ( ) 7. A. By radio B. By mail C. By email ( ) 8. A. Because it’s expensive and comfortable(舒适的 ). B. Because it’s cheap and comfortable. C. Because it’s cheap and safe(安全的 ). ( ) 9. A. Yes, he will B. No, he won’t C. Robots will do it ( ) 10. A. Do her homework B. Do the housework C. Go shopping 三、听短文，选信息。（每小题 1 分，共 5 分） ( ) 11. Tom A. can speak English well ( ) 12. His father B. can cook delicious food ( ) 13. His mother C. can play football well ( ) 14. His grandmother D. can sing and dance ( ) 15. His sister E. can play the piano well 四、短文理解。（每小题 1 分，共 5 分） ( ) 16. This is ____ lost and found office. A. a city B. a school C. an airport ( ) 17. Daming lost his ____. A. tapes B. football C. crayons ( ) 18. Tony’s wallet is ____. A. red B. green C. purple ( ) 19. ____ lost her watch. A. Lingling B. Miss Li C. Betty ( ) 20. Maybe the gloves are ____. A. Tony’s B. Miss Li ’s C. Lingling ’s 笔试部分（ 100 分）
高三第二阶段英语试题 出题人: 李庆明审题人: 杨丽丽 第二部分阅读理解（共两节,共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 第一节阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A，B，C，D）中，选出最佳选项。 A Micro-Enterprise Credit for Street Youth Introduction Although small-scale business training and credit programs have become more common throughout the world, relatively little attention has been paid to the need to direct such opportunities to youth living on the street or in difficult circumstances. Over the past years, Street Kids International (S.K.I.) has been working with partner organizations in Africa, Latin Africa and India to support the economic lives of street children. The purpose of this paper is to share some of the lessons S.K.I. and our partner organizations have learned. Background Typically, children end up on the streets not due to a single cause, but a combination of factors: the lack of adequately funded schools, the demand for income at home and so on. The street may be attractive to children as a place to find adventurous play and money. However, it is also a place where some children are exposed, with little or no protection, to exploitative employment, and urban crime. Street Business Partnerships S.K.I. has worked with partner organizations in Latin America, Africa and India to develop innovative opportunities for street children to earn income. ● The S.K.I Bicycle Courier Service first started in the Sudan. Participants in this enterprise were supplied with bicycles, which they used to deliver parcels and messages, but they were required to pay for it gradually from their wages. ● The Youth Skills Enterprise Initiative in Zambia is a joint program with the Red Cross Society. Street Youths are supported to start their own small business through business training, life skills training and access to credit. Lessons Learned The following lessons have emerged from the programs that S.K.I. and partner organizations have created.
2020年浙江省杭州二中高考地理选考模拟试卷（4月份） 一、单选题（本大题共20小题，共40.0分） 1.读“我国森林锐减、土地荒漠化、水土流失、酸雨四种环境问题的分布示意图”，完成1-2题。 图示数码②表示森林资源破坏，其中东北林区因纬度高，温度低，蒸发弱，终年地表湿度较大，所以森林（采伐）破坏最严重的季节是（） A. 春季 B. 夏季 C. 秋季 D. 冬季 2.读“我国森林锐减、土地荒漠化、水土流失、酸雨四种环境问题的分布示意图”，完成1-2题。 图示数码④表示的环境问题在我国中部分布最广的自然原因主要是（） A. 地处山地迎风坡，多地形雨 B. 受板块运动影响，多地质灾害，地表破碎 C. 地处地势阶梯交界处，地势起伏大 D. 人口密集，人类活动对植被破坏严重 3.如图是某地区大地震后救灾工作程序示意图。读图，回答第3-4题。 图中所示救灾工作程序还可能适用于（） A. 鼠害 B. 洪涝 C. 旱灾 D. 寒潮
4.如图是某地区大地震后救灾工作程序示意图。读图，回答第3-4题。 为降低大城市震后救灾活动强度，应采取的主要防灾减灾措施包括：（） ①完善城市功能区划 ②调整产业结构 ③人口外迁 ④房屋加固 ⑤组建志愿者队伍 ⑥避灾自救技能培训 A. ①②③④ B. ②③④⑤ C. ③④⑤⑥ D. ①④⑤⑥ 5.风向方位图通常用角度来表示。如图分别为风向方位图和1950-2011年渤海海域冬、夏季风向 与速度变化趋势统计图。读图，完成5-6题。 60年以来渤海冬季风风向变化趋势是（） A. 由西西北向西北方向转变 B. 由北西北向西北方向转变 C. 由东东南向东南方向转变 D. 由南东南向东南方向转变 6.风向方位图通常用角度来表示。如图分别为风向方位图和1950-2011年渤海海域冬、夏季风向 与速度变化趋势统计图。读图，完成5-6题。
初三月考联考测试卷 英 语 学 科 本份试卷分第一部分和第二部分两部分；第一部分1至10页，第二部分11至12页，共12页，满分135分。考试时间120分钟。 第一部分（共100分） 注意事项： 1、答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自 己的考生号、姓名；填写考场试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应的这两个号码的标号涂黑。 2、选择题每小题选出答案后，用HB铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答 案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净，再选涂其他答案。不 能答在试卷上。 3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答 题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的 答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区 域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案 无效。 4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并 交回。 5、本卷共四大题，70小题，听力部分的第一大题“听取信息”的题号 用A~E表示。请考生检查题数。 1、听力测试（共20小题，30分） 1、听取信息（共5小题，5分；每小题1分） 听下面一段对话，从所给的内容中获取必要的信息，填入Ⅱ答题卷的题号为A~E的空格中。听对话前，你将有10秒钟的时间阅读题目。录音读两遍。你有100秒钟的做答时间。 Place Day People The students in __________ Departure(离开) Time At ___________ o’clock Transport（交通工具）On ___________ big buses
2、对话理解（共10小题，15分；每小题1.5分） 听下面五段对话，每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的三个选项中选出最佳选项，并涂在答题卷的相应位置上。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒种的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第一段对话，回答第1小题。 1. Where is the cinema? A. B. C. Start start start 听第二段对话，回答第2～3小题。 2. What’s Johnson’s favourite hobby? A. Watching TV. B. Listening to pop songs. C. Reading the stories of famous people. 3. What kinds of programmes does Sally often watch? A. Stories of famous people. B. CCTV news. C. Both A and B. 听第三段对话，回答第4～5小题。 4. How many cities did the Blacks visit? A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 5. Which city did they like best? A. New York. B. Sydney. C. Paris. 听第四段对话，回答第6～7题。 6. What does the man want to buy? A. A pair of brown shoes. B. A pair of black shoes. C. A pair of blue shoes. 7. The man will buy the shoes, won’t he? A. Yes, he will though they are a bit expensive. B. No, he won’t because they haven’t got the size he wants. C. Yes, he will because he likes the colour. 听第五段对话，回答第8～10小题。 8. What is the woman doing? A. She is cooking. B. She is reading a book. C. She is writing a letter. 9. Where did the man ask the woman to see him? A. Near the flower garden. B. In the flower garden. C. Outside the flower garden. 10. How long did the woman ask the man to wait for her? A. About 12 minutes. B. About 15 minutes. C. About 20 minutes. 3、讲话理解（共5小题，10分；每小题2分）