Unit 4 Earthquakes
北京时间2013年4月20日8时02分四川省雅安市芦山县发生了7.0级地震，地震造成了包括房屋倒塌、人员伤亡等在内的一系列重大损失。地震发生后，四川省立刻启动一级应急程序。近几年全球地震频发，所以在地震中如何保护自己便成了一个重要的话题。请你以“How to survive in an earthquake”为题写一篇文章。
内容要点：
1．地震发生时不要惊慌，如果在户外要远离大树、高楼、高压线等物；
2．如果在室内，要尽量躲在桌、柜等坚固家具下面以及房间内侧的墙角，并且注意保护好头部；
3．逃生时千万不要选择乘坐电梯。
精彩美文
How to survive in an earthquake
On April 20, 2013 an earthquake with the magnitude of 7.0 hit Lushan County of Ya'an City, Sichuan Province.The earthquake has caused significant damage.So how to take safety measures during an earthquake has become an important issue.Here are some guidelines to staying safe in earthquakes.
Firstly, don't be nervous and keep calm.Try to get into an open area away from trees, buildings, walls, signs, power lines and anything else that might fall on you if outdoors.
Secondly, if you are indoors, stay there. Quickly move to a safe location in the room such as under a strong desk, a strong table, or along an interior wall.Cover your head and neck with your arms.The goal is to protect yourself from falling objects and be located near the structural strong points of the room.Avoid taking cover near windows, large mirrors and hanging objects.
Thirdly, never go to the stairs and never take the lift to go downstairs.The stairs are a likely part of the building to be damaged. Even if the stairs are not collapsed by the earthquake, they may collapse later when overloaded by fleeing people.
Though we can't stop earthquakes, we can reduce the damage that earthquakes bring us if we take right measures.
名师点睛
1．文章体裁：说明文。
2．行文逻辑：引出话题→逃生指导→总结扣题。
3．词汇短语：运用了较高级的词汇和短语。如：significant(显著的)，firstly(首先), secondly(其次), thirdly (再次)，keep calm(保持冷静)，get into，be located，likely(可能的)等。
4．句式句法：运用了多样化的句式结构。如：①非谓语动词：how to take safety measures，to protect yourself from falling objects，taking cover near windows，hanging objects, to be damaged，when overloaded(作状语)；②祈使句：don't be nervous and keep calm, stay there，never go to the stairs and never take the lift to go downstairs；③定语从句：that might fall on you if outdoors；④状语从句：if you are indoors; even if the stairs are not collapsed by the earthquake等；⑤省略句：when overloaded by fleeing people。
Ⅰ.单词荟萃
1．________ vi. (使)破裂；爆发；突然发作→________ (过去式) →________(过去分词)
2．________n．污垢；灰尘→________adj.肮脏的；污秽的
3．________n．休克；打击vt.& vi.(使)震惊，震动→________adj.震惊的→________adj.令人震惊的
4．________n．电；电流；电学→________adj.电的；用电的→________adj.发电的
5．________n．祝贺；(复数)贺词→________vt.祝贺
6．________n．骑自行车的人→________vt.骑自行车
7．________vt.(使)惊吓，吓唬→________adj.受惊的；受恐吓的→________adj.令人恐惧的
8．________vt.表示；表达→________n．表达，表情
9．________ n．裁判员；法官vt.断定；判断；判决→________n．判断；评价
10．________adj.极度的→________adv. 极度地
Ⅱ.短语检测
1．立刻，马上_______________________
2．结束；终结 _______________________
3．掘出；发现 _______________________
4．考虑得少，满不在乎 _______________________
5．仿佛；好像 _______________________
6．严重受损；破败不堪 _______________________
7．许多，大量的 _______________________
8．以……而自豪 _______________________
Ⅲ.佳句再现
1．In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were ________________ eat.
在农家院子里，鸡，甚至猪都烦躁不安，以致不吃食。
2．________________ the world was at an end!
仿佛到了世界末日！
3．Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was ____________________the first one shook Tangshan.
接着在下午晚些时候，又一次几乎和第一次一样强烈的地震震撼着唐山市。
4．But the one million people of the city, ______________these events, were asleep as usual that night.
但是城里的百万群众没有理会这些事件，那天夜里还和以往一样安然入睡了。
5．__________they looked nearly everything was destroyed.
人们无论朝哪里看，哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。
Ⅳ.课文回顾
Something strange was happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. The water in the wells rose and fell. A 1.________ (smell) gas came out of the cracks. The chickens and even the pigs were 2.________ nervous to eat. 3.________ (mouse) ran out of the fields, 4.________ (look) for places to hide. Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds. At about 3：00 am on July 28, 1976, some people saw bright lights in the sky. At 3：42 am, one of the 5.________ (great) earthquakes of the 20th century began. Steam 6.________ (burst) from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn 7.________ (leaf). Two dams and most of the bridges fell. The railway tracks were now 8.________ (use) pieces of steel. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay 9.________ ruins. It looked as if the world was 10.________ an end.
单词点睛
●1 burst vt.& vi.(to explode；to come open or fly apart suddenly or violently)(使)破裂；爆发；突然发作n．[C](a sudden outbreak or outburst; an explosion)爆炸；迸发；爆发burst into tears/laughter＝burst out crying/laughing 突然大哭/大笑起来
burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支
【巧学助记】
[温馨提示] burst into与burst out都有“突然进入某种状态或发生某种情况”的意思，但burst into 后面接名词，burst out后面接动名词。
【活学活用】
(1)[2015·全国卷Ⅰ·完形] When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for whatever his family might need, he burst into tears.
当我把礼品卡给他，并且说他可以用它买他的家人所需要的任何物品时，他突然大哭起来。
(2)At the news that my dad would be back from London this week, I felt as if my heart would ________________.
听到爸爸这个星期要从伦敦回来的消息，我觉得自己高兴得心花怒放了。
(3)As the witness related, the car skidded, turned over and ______________.
据目击者描述，那辆汽车一打滑翻倒后就起火了。
(4)It was not until I came back from the meeting that I found my house________________．
直到开完会回来，我才发现有人闯入了我的房子。
●2 ruin vt. (to destroy completely)(使)毁灭；(使)破产；毁坏n．毁灭；(the remains of something destroyed)(常用复数)废墟；遗迹；残余
(1)in ruins 严重受损，破败不堪
bring…to ruin 使……毁灭；使……没落
fall in/into ruin 成为废墟
(2)ruin oneself 自取灭亡
ruin one's health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/声誉
【巧学助记】
【易混辨析】
damage，destroy与ruin
【活学活用】
(1)[2015·福建卷·阅读E] Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive. Don't let negativity ruin your motivation.
然后确保你周围的人都是支持你的。不要让消极情绪毁掉你的动机。
(2)Having gone through two world wars, the castle____________________________．
经历了两次世界大战，那座城堡已经破败不堪了。
(3)The project is totally ________ by the fly-by-night undertakers.
这项工程完全是被那些不负责任的承包商破坏的。
(4)[2014·福建卷·阅读E] Many village communities feel their countryside ______________by the power-producing machines of wind farms.
许多村落社区觉得自己的乡村正在被风力发电厂的发电机毁掉。
(5)用damage，destroy或ruin的适当形式填空。
①The car was not ____________ badly in the accident, but five people were seriously hurt.
②She had no choice but to leave him. She could not let him __________ her whole life.
③The Nazi wanted to ______________ people's hopes, but in the end what was destroyed was the Nazi's dream by the power of people.
●3 shock n．(the feeling of surprise when something bad happens accidentally)打击；震动；震惊vt.& vi.(使)震惊；(使)惊愕；(使)触电
(1)(be) a shock to sb 对某人来说是一个打击
a great shock to s
b 令某人很震惊的人或事
(2)shocked adj. (主语多为人)感到吃惊的，感到惊讶的
be shocked at/by… 被……震惊
be shocked to do sth 惧怕做某事
(3)shocking adj. (主语多为物)令人气愤的，令人惊讶的
[温馨提示] shock意为“令人震惊的人或事”时为可数名词，其前可以与不定冠词连用。
【活学活用】
(1)[2014·陕西卷·完形] There was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock.
到处都是血，那位女士局促不安，显然她很害怕。
(2)It's ______________ to him that his wife died in the traffic accident.
他的妻子在车祸中丧生，这对他来说是一个巨大的打击。
(3)The end of the film was so __________ that everyone was very much ____________ at it.
这部影片的结局令人如此震惊，以至于每个人都感到惊讶。
(4)It shocked Mr Adams to see his 13-year-old son stealing money from his wallet.
＝Mr Adams was greatly shocked ____________(see) his 13-year-old son stealing money from his wallet.
亚当斯先生发现他13岁的儿子正从他的皮夹子里偷钱时大为震惊。
(5)Greatly ____________ the sad news, he stood there, paralysed with fear.
被这个不幸的消息所震惊，他站在那儿，吓得呆若木鸡。
●4 trap vt.使陷入困境；设陷阱捕捉(trapped, trapped) n．陷阱；困境；捕捉器
(1)be trapped in…陷入……
trap sb into doing sth 诱使某人做某事
(2)fall into a trap (＝be caught in a trap) 掉入陷阱；落入圈套
lay/set a trap (for) 安装捕捉机，设陷阱；设计陷害，设圈套
【活学活用】
(1)[2015·浙江卷·阅读C] Humans are no less trapped by light pollution than the frogs. Like
most other creatures, we do need darkness.
光污染对人类的影响并不比对青蛙的少。和大多数其他生物一样，我们也需要黑暗。
(2)________________ in the mine for two days, the miners finally were rescued.
在矿井里被困了两天后，矿工们终于获救了。
(3)Think carefully before you answer his questions. You may______________ giving away vital information.
回答他的问题之前要仔细思考。你可能会中他的圈套，把重要信息泄露出去。
(4)It's a wonder that the worker ________________ underground for a week was found alive.
那个被困在地底下一个星期的工人被发现还活着，这真是个奇迹。
●5 judge n．法官；(one appointed to decide the winner of a contest or competition) 裁判员vt.& vi.(to form an opinion or estimation after careful consideration)判决；判断；断定
(1)judging from/by…根据……来判断
(2)judge＋sb/sth＋by/on 以……来判断……
judge＋sb/sth (＋to be)＋n./adj. 判定……为……
judge it＋adj.＋to do sth 认为做某事是……
(3)judgement n. 判断，审判；判断力
[温馨提示] judging from/by…置于句首作状语。v.-ing形式不受主语的限制，构成独立成分。类似用法的词或短语还有：generally speaking一般来说；frankly speaking坦白地说；considering…考虑到……。
【活学活用】
(1)[2015·福建卷·完形] Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to judge everything so harshly(评判).
很快，她学会了感激生活，不再那么刻薄地评判一切。
(2)It's hard ______________ between the two handicraft articles; they're both charming.
很难判定这两件工艺品孰优孰劣，它们都很好看。
(3)____________ his accent, he must be from the south.
从他的口音判断，他一定是南方人。
(4)If he had played a part in the film, he ________________________ to be the best actor this year.
如果他当时出演了那部电影的话，他就会被评定为今年的最佳男演员了。
●6 bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
be buried alive 被活埋
bury one's face in hands 双手掩面
be buried in (doing) sth ＝bury oneself in (doing) sth 埋头于(做)某事；专心于(做)某事be buried in thought 陷入沉思
[温馨提示] 表示“专心于，致力于”的表达还有：be devoted to; be absorbed in; be lost in; be occupied in; focus/concentrate on; fix one's attention on。
【活学活用】
(1)[2015·江苏卷·阅读A] In the back country, bury your toilet waste in a shallow hole away from waterways.
在落后的乡村，请把你的如厕废物掩埋在远离水道的浅洞里。
(2)[2014·山东卷·阅读C] Mumbet's tombstone still stands in the Massachusetts cemetery where she ____________．
Mumbet的墓碑仍然屹立在她被埋葬的马萨诸塞州的墓地。
(3)My father ______________ a book when I walked into the room.
当我走进房间的时候，父亲正在专心看书。
(4)Burying ____________ in her study ，she didn't know that all the others had left. 她埋头学习，不知道其他人都已经离开了。
(5)He stood on the sidewalk with his hands __________ in the pockets of his dark overcoat. 他站在人行道上，双手插在深色外套的口袋里。
短语储存
●1 at an end 结束；终结
on end 连续(地)；直立
in the end 最后，终于
at the end of… 在……的末端， 在……结束时
by the end of… 到……为止(常与完成时态连用)
put an end to 结束
【活学活用】
(1)The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room.
我到达会议室时，会议快要结束了。(结束)
(2)The court has passed sentence and the matter is now at an end .
法庭已经做出了判决，现在这件事已经告一段落。 (告一段落)
(3)I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end .
我必须警告你我已经没有多少耐心了。(没有，失去)
(4)by the end of 的时态比较。
①By the end of this week, I ____________(finish) most of the work.
到本周末为止，我将会完成大部分工作。
②His newly written novel __________(translate) into English by the end of last month. 上个月末，他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。
(5)用end 的短语填空。
①The 1st round game ____________. So far so good. The 2nd round will be tougher.
②I wonder what determined her to marry him ______________．
③The accident ____________ my dream of becoming an Olympic athlete.
④My holiday is ____________ and I must go back to work tomorrow.
●2 a (large) number of 许多的，大量的
(1)the number of… ……的数量
(2)关于“许多”“若干”的短语：
a small number of
少量的 a great many 很多 +可数名词复数
quite a few 相当多
many a 许多 more than one 不止一个
a great /big deal of 许多；很多
an amount of/amounts of 大量的 a little 一些
a bit of 一些
a lot of/lots of 许多；大量 a quantity of/quantities of 很多；大量
【相关拓展】
+不可数名词 +可数名词复数或不可数名词 +可数名词单数+单数谓语动词
[温馨提示] (1)“a number of＋.(pl.)”作主语，谓语动词用复数，表示“许多……；大量……”。
“the number of＋(pl.)n.”作主语，谓语动词用单数，表示“……的数目”。如果说“数量多少”，要用large，small或high，low，不用many，few。
(2) a quantity of 后既可接复数可数名词，亦可接不可数名词，在它们分别和其后的名词构成短语作主语时，其谓语动词通常看 of 后名词的具体情况而采用单数或复数形式。即接不可数名词时，则谓语用单数形式，接复数可数名词时，则谓语通常要采用复数形式。而quantities of 后无论接复数可数名词还是不可数名词 , 后面的谓语都用复数形式。
(3) a large amount of修饰不可数名词，作主语时谓语用单数形式；large amounts of修饰不可数名词，作主语时谓语用复数形式。
【活学活用】
(1)[2015·安徽卷·阅读D] There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide. Each individual(个体的) ant hardly weighs anything, but put together they weigh roughly the same as all of mankind.
世界上有极大量的蚂蚁。单个的蚂蚁几乎没什么重量，但是如果把所有蚂蚁加在一起，它们的重量却和所有人类加起来的重量大致相当。
(2)The number of people invited to the party ________fifty，but a number of them ________absent for different reasons.
被邀请参加聚会的有50人，但其中许多人由于不同的原因而缺席。
(3)After we use the new recycling method, a large number of trees ________________(save).
我们利用新的回收方法后，大量的树木已被拯救。
(4)Large quantities of information，as well as some timely help ________________ (offer) since the organization was built.
该组织建立以来已经提供了大量的信息和及时的帮助。
(5)A large amount of money ____________ (spend) on the bridge, which was to be completed the next month.
大笔的钱被花在了建桥上，这座桥预计下个月竣工。
句型透视
●1 All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。
句型公式
not all/both/everything 并非都(部分否定)
【句式点拨】
该句是表示部分否定的句型。all…not…＝not all…，意为“并非所有的……都……”。英语中的all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，completely，always，whole，entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词或副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”。而no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，no one，nowhere，no more等表否定的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用均构成全部否定。
【活学活用】
(1)Not all the universities allow students to stop out.
＝All the universities don't allow students to stop out.
不是所有的大学都允许学生中途辍学。
(2)I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with ________．
我同意你说的大部分内容，但我并非同意你讲的一切。
(3)I love running, but ____________________ is born to be a runner.
我喜欢跑步，但不是每个人生来就适合跑步。
(4)It's an either-or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday, but we can't do ________.
这是一个非此即彼的情形——今年我们可以购买一辆新车，我们也可以去度假，但是我们不能两者兼得。
●2 It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！
句型公式
seem as though/if…似乎，好像……
【句式点拨】
本句中as if “仿佛，好像”，既可以引导表语从句，也可以引导方式状语从句，本句中引导的是表语从句。as if 从句所表示的情况是事实或具有很大可能性时，通常用陈述语气；当其所表示的情况不是事实，而是主观的想象或夸大性的比喻时，通常用虚拟语气。
如：
It looks as if we'll be late.看起来我们可能要迟到了。(可能性极大)
It looks as if it were going to rain.看样子好像要下雨了。(可能性不大)
When the movie star shook hands with him, he felt as if he were walking on air.当那位电影明星和他握手的时候，他高兴得有些飘飘然了。 (非真实情况)
[温馨提示] as though/if引导状语从句时，若主、从句主语一致，从句谓语是be动词时，从句中的主语和be动词常常可以省略，即“as though/if＋形容词/名词/介词短语/分词/不定式”。如：Jason paused as if (he was) expecting Lanny to speak.
Jason暂停下来，好像他在期待Lanny讲话。
He opened his mouth as though/if (he was) to say something.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。
【活学活用】
(1)[2015·湖南卷·阅读C] After he steadied himself, he shook Glenn's mother's hand, and the inspection continued as though nothing had happened.
他站稳身子后，握着格伦母亲的手，并若无其事地继续查看着。(过去的虚拟)
(2)[2015·福建卷·阅读B] Papa was thinking about what was said, as if the salvation(拯救) of the world would depend upon it.
爸爸仍旧在思考所说的话，仿佛世界的救赎将取决于它。(将来的虚拟)
(3)[2015·浙江卷·阅读C] We've lit up the night as if it ____________(be) an unoccupied country, when nothing could be further from the truth.
我们照亮了夜晚，就如它是一个无人控管的国度，那时没有离真理更远的东西了。
(4)[2014·重庆卷·单项填空] It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I ________(do) it?
是约翰打破了窗户。为什么你和我讲起话来好像是我打破的呢？
Ⅰ.单句填空
1．When a fire broke out at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings
________________(destroy).
2．Once ____________(bury) in reading a book, he will forget everything around him.
3．The news of the sudden death of the young famous pianist came this morning, which made his fans ____________(shock).
4．A number of children____________ parents were killed in the earthquake were sent to live with families in other cities.
5．If it hadn't been for your timely help, we ____________________(trap) in a dilemma now.
6. When the boss got to the factory __________ midnight, he found it __________ ruins.
7．Thank you very much for your note of congratulation ____________ my receiving Doctor's degree in chemistry.
8．His best friend was killed by the enemy under __________(extreme) questionable circumstances.
9．On seeing the former champion of the Olympics appear on the stage, the audience burst out ____________(cheer)．
10．How wild his white hair looked as if it______________________(electrify)!
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．I want to make use of this opportunity to express congratulations in your success.
2．Ju dged by the current situation, there is a small chance that a large-scale war will break out between the two countries.
3．George is organized，easy-going，hard-working and intelligent.In a word，I can't think too high of him.
4．The whole city was completely destroyed in the sudden flood，leaving everything to the native people.
5．Standing in the village which lay in ruin, the old man couldn't help thinking a lot and became very sad.
6．Following the girl，we went into a hall，on which walls hung a few pictures of some famous scientists.
7．She is always talking as though she knows everything under the sun.
8．To our relief, up to now the injured in the crash has been carried to the nearby hospital.
9．The hurricane came to end at midnight，having caused great damage to the crops of our town.
10．Your speech was heard by the five judges, all of which agreed that it was the best one this year.
Unit 4 Earthquakes
【基础自主梳理】
Ⅰ.1.burst; burst; burst 2.dirt；dirty
3．shock；shocked；shocking 4.electricity；electric；electrical 5．congratulation；congratulate 6.cyclist；cycle
7．frighten；frightened；frightening 8.express；expression
9．judge；judgement 10.extreme；extremely
Ⅱ.1.right away 2.at an end 3.dig out
4．think little of 5.as if/though 6.in ruins
7．a (great)number of 8.be proud of
Ⅲ.1.too nervous to 2.It seemed as if 3.almost as strong as
4．who thought little of 5.Everywhere
Ⅳ.1. smelly 2. too 3. Mice 4. looking 5. greatest 6. burst
7. leaves 8. useless 9. in 10. at
【考点互动探究】
单词点睛
●1 (2)burst with joy (3)burst into flames (4)(was) burst into
●2 (2)has fallen into ruin (3)ruined
(4)is being ruined (5)①damaged②ruin③destroy
●3 (2)a great shock (3)shocking; shocked (4)to see
(5)shocked at
●4 (2)Having been trapped (3)be trapped into
(4)(who was) trapped
●5 (2)to judge (3)Judging by (4)would have been judged
●6 (2)was buried (3)was buried in/was burying himself in
(4)herself (5)buried
短语储存
●1 (4)①will have finished②had been translated
(5)①came to an end②in the end③put an end to④at an end
●2 (2)was; were (3)have been saved (4)have been offered (5)was spent 句型透视
●1 (2)everything (3)not everybody (4)both
●2 (3)were (4)had done
【步步跟踪验收】
Ⅰ.1.were destroyed 2.buried 3.shocked
4．whose 5.would be trapped 6.at; in
7．on 8.extremely 9.cheering
10．had been electrified
Ⅱ.1.in改为on 2.Judged改为Judging
3．high改为highly 4.everything改为nothing
5．ruin改为ruins 6.which改为whose
7．knows改为knew 8.has改为have 9.end 前加an
10．which改为whom
广东海康县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮系列 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Leadership i s the most significant word in today’s competitive business environment because it directs the manager of a business to focus inward on their personal abilities and style. Experts on l eadership will quickly point out that “how things get done” influences the success of the outcomes and indicates a right way and a wrong way to do things. When a noted leader on the art of management, Peter Drucker, coined the phrase“Management is doing th ings right; leadership is doing the right things”, he was seeking to clarify the distinctions he associates with the terms. When Stephen Covey, founder and director of the Leadership Institute, explored leadership styles in the past decade, he focused on the habits of a great number of highly effective individuals. His Seven Habits of Highly Effective People became a popular bestseller very quickly. His ideas forced a reexamination of the early leadership example, which centered on the feature that was found in the character ethic(道德准则) and the personality ethic. The former ethic suggested success was founded on modesty, loyalty, courage, patience and so on. The personality ethic suggested it was one’s attitude, not behavior, that inspired success, and this ethic was founded on a belief of positive mental attitude. In contrast to each of these ideas, Covey advocates that leaders need to understand universal principles of effectiveness, and he highlights how vital it is for leaders to first personally manage themselves if they are to enjoy any hope of outstanding success in their work environments. To achieve a desired vision for your business, it is essential that you have a personal vision of where you are headed and what you value. Business leadership means that managers need to “put first things first,” which implies that before leading others, you need to be clear on your own values, abilities, and strengths and be seen as trustworthy. 1. What does Peter Drucker’s phrase infer?
2019高考英语一轮复习知识点总结 一、在复习词汇时，学生要学会自我总结 通过自我总结，学生主动取得了知识的精华，并转化为适合自己 需要的东西。善于归纳中学教材中常用词汇的基本用法及相关知识点 的异同，如：mean一词，能够表示“意思是”、“意味着”，常用于mean something/doing something，而在“mean to do something” 结构中，则是“计划”、“打算”之意。善于对有共同用法或特点的 词汇实行归纳，形成相关的小知识链。如：suggest(建议)， insist(坚持要求)，demand(要求)、ask(请求)等后接的宾语从句中都 要用虚拟语气。善于归纳近义词、同义词，如：在复习join的用法时，能够联系join in，take part in，join sb in归纳复习之后，要做 对应练习。这样才能扩大词汇量，又能够提升实际使用英语水平。 二、句型复习应结合课本的例句实行 中学英语课本的句型很多，有强调句、祈使句、倒装句、省略句、反意疑问句、插入语等句型。这些都是高考的常考点。我们通过复习 课本的例句，总结归纳这些句型的特点、用法及它们的适用条件，既 掌握英语的基本句型用法，又能够促动我们的英语谴词造句水平。 三、语法复习要考虑语境 通过语境来训练我们的语言使用水平。每一个语法项目的复习可 分三个层次实行：复习要点、主要考点、精选练习。如果能做到这个点，定能做到学以致用。现在高考英语试题淡化了语法，但学好语法 却是准确和规范使用英语的保证。所以，语法复习不可轻视。 四、重视交际用语复习 如今高考试题越来越重视考查学生的英语交际水平，而且中学英 语教材的每一单元都有以交际功能贯穿的对话课。所以，学生在复习时，要注意对各单元的对话实行排列分类，整理归纳，总结出相关话
高三英语第一轮复习计划 一、多听老师的，少自作主张 虽然同学们之前经历过很多考试，但高考对于我们来讲还是有些陌生。就算有些学生在高一、高二已经做过高考题，对于自己的知识缺陷到底有哪些，高考的重点是什么也不一定有非常清晰的了解。而高三的英语第一轮复习主要就是从语法和词法两个方面帮助大家 梳理知识，并对应试策略加以指导。教高三的教师大都有着非常丰富的高考经验，也都会制定详细的教学计划，因此我们在安排自己的复习内容时要尽量和老师同步，把当天复习的内容彻底搞清楚，并辅以相应的练习加以巩固。遇到不会的，应该第一时间请教老师，千万不要留到最后甚至弃置不管。 二、多用碎时间，少搞大突击 英语学科是非常适合利用零碎时间来学习的。五分钟的时间能干什么?也许别的学科可以安排的复习活动并不多，但是英语却有很多。比如我们可以背单词，可以做一篇速读，可以朗读一篇文章，可以做若干个单项选择，可以听听力，可以翻看任何英语的杂志、报刊甚至小说等。总而言之，时间是海绵里的水，挤挤总是有的。当然，如果我们要复习一个比较重要的语法项目，或者做一套英语试题的时候，我们也需要相对完整的时间，但基于语言学习的灵活性，同学们要培养语言学习的意识。Learning is anytime, anywhere with anyone。(学习无处不在)有些学生在制定自己的复习计划时，把一个星期中的七天分别给了不同的科目，这样做是不太科学的。正确的做
法是每天复习两至三科为宜，而英语虽然持续时间不需要很长，但每天都接触确实十分必要的。A little bit every day makes perfect(点滴铸就完美)。 三、多接触英语，少钻研语法 近几年的高考越来越重视同学们运用英语的能力，逐渐削弱了对于语法的考察。纵观一份高考英语试卷，单纯考察语法的题目几乎没有。善于观察的学生更会发现，即使是在语法聚集的单项选择题中，也是强调语境的理解。此外，还逐渐加大了词义、词语辨析的考察。完形填空的四个选项是没有语法的错误的，考察大家是否能够根据文章的意思，选择用法上最恰当的词。阅读理解更是考察大家对于篇章的理解。当然，语法并不是不重要，有很多重点的项目是需要同学们掌握的。只是提醒大家在复习的时候，要做到从语言的使用入手，而不是只对语法规则感兴趣。 四、多做高考题，少扣模拟题 要想熟悉高考的思路，最重要的一环就是做题。近五年的高考试题，特别是有些地区新课标执行起来题型发生了变化，就更需要我们适应它。在做高考题的时候，应该注意以下几个方面： 1、时间的把控。这需要同学们一次性完成一整套试题，特别留意一下每部分自己的答题时间，并科学规划，保证在规定的时间内提前五分钟完成，留有检查的余地。 2、总结一下各部分的得分情况，了解自己的强弱项。
广东大埔县 2017 高考英语一轮语法填空综合训练（4） 2016 高考语法填空。 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于 3 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 While thousands of college students headed for warm climate to enjoy sun and fun during their week off from classes, seven local students had other plans. The Northern Essex Community College (NECC) students and one of their teachers spent part of their spring break in New York City, helping repair an area 61 (destroy) by the hurricane. “I wanted to see for myself what happened,”said Terry. “I couldn’t imagine 62 it is like to lose your home and everything that you know and the 63 (power) effect the hurricane had on those people. I wanted to do something, to understand their feeling of helplessness.” The group headed into Brooklyn’s Red Hook district, which was hit hard by the hurricane. There they met people from other parts of the country, 64 had also volunteered to help. Together, those volunteers and the NECC students 65 (work) to clear rubbish out of a three-story building. They put on protective suits and gloves 66 they entered the building. Inside the building, the students saw nothing but broken walls and doors and pieces of the building 67 (lie) all over the place. The students returned to school with 68 sense of achievement, a feeling that 69 helped people in need. I was remarkable how a community lost so much and was still able to recover, and this left the deepest impression 70 the students. 语法填空 61. destroyed 62. what 63. powerful 64. who 65. worked 66. before 67. lying 68. a 69. they 70. On 语法填空。阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用 括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Levi Strauss was born in 1829 in Germany. He was the fifth of six children. In 1845，his father died. All six children decided 1. (go) to the United States. Strauss went to the southeastern part of the US. For eight years，he walked along the country roads 2. (sell)
高考英语第一轮复习提纲 一、阅读理解 阅读部分考查考生阅读理解能力，而所谓阅读理解能力即是指对文章的整体和局部信息的理解和掌握情况。整体指的是文章的主旨 要义、作者的态度、意图、上下文的逻辑关系等，局部则是指分散 于文中的特定信息。我们要通读全文，详读题干，甄别选项，将题干、选项和文中具体信息结合起来，并综合运用其它解题方法、技巧，准确、快速作答。要排除个别生词的干扰，把握整体，着眼中 心大意。遇到不顺的文章先搁置，不影响整体战略。要用熟悉的做 题策略答题。 二、“七选五”阅读 注意语句的衔接，两个相邻的句子能够衔接，它们必定有信息的重叠(词语或意义)，正如两条绳子要想连结到一起，必须得打个结，我们在做题时就是要特别注意把握这些信息的结点。 三、完形填空 完形填空要求考生在掌握文章主旨大意和正确理解句与句、段与段之间的内在联系的基础上，准确判断动词、名词、形容词、副词 等的运用。考生要通览全文，了解文章脉络，特别注意第一段话对 全篇的辐射作用。注意对每个小题的四个选项进行对比甄别，根据 上下文结构和语境做出准确判断，我们要左顾右盼，瞻前顾后，上 下求索，在上下文语境中进行词语辨析。 四、短文改错 通览全文，了解大意，然后以句子为单位进行降级处理，排正求错。可将句子进行成分划分，分为主语、谓语、宾语等几个部分， 然后逐一排查，找出病疾，对症下药。看看主、谓、宾、状等成分 是否有误，看看主语和谓语、谓语和宾语的搭配是否正确，如此等等。
五、书面表达 认真审题，列全要点，确定时态。适量运用较为复杂结构的句子，但把握好准确、自然。适当分段。要特别注意内容要点、应用词汇 和语法结构的丰富性和准确性，上下文的连贯性，以及单词拼写、 标点符号和书写规范，确保审题准确到位，语言地道流畅，书写工 整大方，卷面干净整洁。 六、语篇型语法填空 1、给出动词基本形态，可以考虑三个方向：进行词性词形转化(转为名词、形容词等);填写谓语部分，可能需要填写两个或三个词;或是填写非谓语动词; 2、给出形容词，需要填写比较级、最高级，或词性词形转化， 转化为副词，或是填写反义词(前缀); 3、给出副词，填写比较级、最高级，或是填写反义词; 4、不给提示词，主要填写介词、连词、冠词和代词。我们要按 照上下文逻辑、意思进行填充，一般应按照如下的思路进行填空： 先考虑介词、连词、冠词、代词，然后考虑连接副词，最后考虑名 词和形容词(考虑到一些比较基本的搭配，同时也考虑到词性词形变 化的规律，有些名词、形容词的填空往往无法给出提示词)。
广东陆丰县2017高考英语短文语法填空一轮选练语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【辽宁卷题型】 Ryan：Did you have a good vacation, Katie? Katie：Yeah! It was__1__(excite)？Probably my__2__ exciting vacation ever! Ryan：Wow! What did you do? Katie：I took a nature__3__(冒险) tour.For the first part, we went__4__(hike)．It was so much fun! We hiked all the way__5__these beautiful waterfalls.I took lots of pictures. Ryan：Sounds great.So, what else did you do on the tour? Katie：Well, the best part was at the end of the trip.We went skydiving. Can you believe it? I jumped__6__an airplane. Ryan：Wow! Katie：Yeah, it was just a fantastic vacation.How did you spend your break, Ryan? Ryan：Oh, I__7__(drive) to visit my relatives. Katie：Oh-huh.Did you have a good time? Ryan：Well, it was pretty boring，__8__.It rained every day __9__we had to stay inside.We just stayed home and watched TV a lot. Katie：Oh, that's too bad. Ryan：No, that's OK.It really was very relaxing，__10__it was a little boring. 1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______ 答案： 1．exciting 考查形容词。此处修饰事情，故用exciting。 2．most 考查最高级。 3．adventure 考查名词。此处用名词作定语。 4．hiking go hiking远足。 5．up to 直到那些美丽的瀑布下。 6．out of 从飞机里跳出去。 7．drove 考查时态。此文记叙一件事情，应用过去时。 8．actually 考查副词。actually竟然。 9．so 考查连词。此处上下文为因果关系，故用so。 10．even though 考查让步状语从句，即使有点厌倦。
2019 年高考词汇变形总汇 A 1.abandon v抛. 弃，舍弃，放弃abandoned adj.被抛弃的,放纵的abandonment n.抛弃 2.ability n. 能力；才能_______ n.无能，残疾 able adj. 能够；有能力的unable adj. 不会的，不能的vt. 使能够~sb to do sth 3.absence n.不在，缺席（__ n.出席） absent a.不在的，缺席的（ adj.出席的） 4.absolute a.完全，全部，绝对的absolutely adv. 完全地，绝对地 5.accident n. 事故，意外的事___ a.事故的，意外的 __ adv. 6.accomplish v. 完成___ n. 完成，成就 7.______ n. 准确，精确accurate（ly ） a. 精确的 8.achieve vt. 达到，取得___ n. 成就,成绩,功绩 9.admit vt. 承认，准许（入场/学，入会）be admitted to/into 被??录取n. 准入, 接纳 10.advertise vt. 为??做广告advertisement n.广告 11.affect vt. 影响effect n.影响__________________ n. 喜爱，钟爱 a.情感的 12.agress v.攻击，侵犯 _ n. 侵略_____ a. 侵略的；咄咄逼人的 13.agree v. 同意；应允agreement n. 同意，一致；协定，协议 a.使人愉快的，惬意的 14.agriculture n. 农业，农学 a.农业的 15.act n.&v. 行动；表演action n.行为actor n.男演员n.女演员active adj.活跃的，积极的 activity n.活动___________ 积极参与 16.ambition n.目标,野心,雄心,抱负 a. 有野心的，雄心勃勃的 17.analyse/ze v.分析__ n. 分析，分析结果 18.anger n. 怒，愤怒 ___ adv. 生气地
2019届高考英语第一轮总复习教案 高考英语一轮重点复习 module 8 unit5一．重点单词1. interrupt v.i’m sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here?很抱歉打扰你, 我想问问他们是怎么在这里生活的？ 1）阻断, 中断his studies were interrupted by the war. don’t interrupt him, for he hasn’t finished yet.2）打岔; 插嘴it is rude to interrupt.“don’t interrupt,” he said.区别: interrupt 和disturbinterrupt v. 打扰，打断，阻碍。常有“使……停止(中断)”的意思。his speech was constantly interrupted by applause. disturb v. 打扰, 妨碍。常指失去了正常的状态或导致困难产生。bad dreams disturbed her sleep.2. suggest vt. to make evident indirectly; imply 意为“暗示, 意味, 表明”her pale face suggests that she was ill. 她苍白的脸色表明她病了。the handwriting of the letter suggests that the letter might be from a lady. 从书信的字体上看, 写信人是一位女性。a silence that suggested disapproval.沉默暗示着反对。her face suggest she is happy now. 从她脸上能看出她现在很幸福。his bad manners suggest a lack of family education. 他的无礼反映了他缺乏家教。但当suggest作“建议”讲时, 其用法为:(+doing)/ +(that)… should do…i suggest her going
20XX年中学测试 中 学 试 题 试 卷 科目： 年级： 考点： 监考老师： 日期： 20XX届广东省英语高考一轮复习（六）
一. 教学内容： 一轮知识点Module 3 Unit 1 &2 二. 重点、难点 （一）重点单词 1. forgive vt. 原谅；宽恕 please forgive me—I didn’t mean to be rude. I’ll never for give you for what you have done wrong to your parents. 辨析：forgive, excuse和pardon excuse常指原谅轻微的过错（用于问路，问事；表示失礼；纠正别人的话；在打喷嚏、打嗝时；插话；表示异议等场合的客套话）。 forgive 有很浓的个人感情色彩，语气较重。 pardon指饶恕严重过错或法律上的犯罪。 Excuse me, but I must say you are completely wrong. The government pardoned the criminal.政府赦免了那个罪犯。 2. satisfy vt.使满足；使满意；符合（达到）标准satisfaction n. Just to satisfy my curiosity, how much did you pay for your car? It is by no means easy to satisfy everyone. 要满足每一个人绝非易事。 Looking at a beautiful painting always gives one satisfaction. 观赏一幅美丽的图画使人心满意足。 联想记忆： satisfy the eye悦目 satisfy the people’s needs满足人民的需要 satisfy one’s desire(curiosity)满足欲望 be satisfied with sth. / sb. 对……感到满意 with satisfaction满意地 satisfactory adj.令人满意的（to），圆满的；符合要求的 far from satisfactory远不能令人满意 考点例题： Our teacher was ____________ with us. Because our answers are ___________. A. satisfy; satisfy B. satisfied; satisfying C. satisfied; satisfaction D. satisfying; satisfied 3. gain vt.获得；得到。该词有三种含义 （1）表示经过努力一点一点地获得自己渴望的东西 Gain experience, fame/other’s respect, love, trust获得经验、名望/别人的尊敬、爱戴、信任He has gained rich experience in these years.
代词的辨析(重点掌握四组比较) 1．(2013·四川高考)The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than ________ on the small ones. A．one B．this C．that D．it 解析：选C 考查代词。句意：大街上的绿灯比小街上的绿灯亮得时间更长。that在此处替代前面提到的traffic，以避免重复。one泛指可数名词单数；this通常指代下文要提到的事情；it指代上文出现的同一事物。 2．(2013·天津高考)At our factory there are a few machines similar to ________ described in this maga zine. A．them B．these C．those D．ones 解析：选C 考查代词。句意：我们工厂里的一些机器与这本杂志里描述的那些机器很相似。空格处应用those表特指，替代前面出现的复数可数名词machines。注意题干中machines后有限制语described in this magazine，故不能用表泛指的ones，若选ones，则应在其前加上the。 3．(2012·辽宁高考)If you're buying today's paper from the stand, could you get ________ for me? A．one B．such C．this D．that 解析：选A 考查代词。句意：如果你去报摊上买今天的报纸，给我捎回一份好吗？one 用来代替上文提到过的paper，相当于a copy of paper。 4．(2011·北京高考)The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase________. A．them B．those C．it D．that 解析：选C 考查代词。根据句意“由于地方政府的努力，大城市的就业率在上升” 可知应用it 指代the employment rate。
广东台山县2017高考英语阅读理解九月训练【二】 （2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。 体裁：记叙文话题：名人传记词数：660 时间：8′ This was spring.One day in spring four men were riding on horseback along a country road.These men were lawyers, and they were going to the next town to attend court. There had been a rain, and the ground was very soft.Water was dripping__from the trees, and the grass was wet. The four lawyers rode along, one behind another; for the pathway was narrow, and the mud on each side of it was deep.They rode slowly, and talked and laughed and was very happy. As they were passing through a row of small trees, they heard a great flutter(拍动)over their heads and a weak cry in the grass by the roadside. Some voice came from the green branches above them. Some voice came from the wet grass. The ground was wet.It's obvious that there had been a heavy wind and rain.And soon，one of the men，Speed, recognized that the sounds were from the robins(知更鸟)．They came to the grass, and found there were two robins were in the grass.It was probable that the birds had been blown out of their nest by the storm.The birds were hurt and their mother was very worried about it.The birds were in danger! Lincoln believed that something should be done to help the birds.But his companions did not think it important.They went away, but Lincoln stayed. The three men, as they passed, looked down and saw the little birds fluttering in the cold, wet grass.They saw the mother robin flying about, and crying to her mate. Then they rode on, talking and laughing as before.In a few minutes they had forgotten about the birds. But the fourth lawyer, whose name was Abraham Lincoln, stopped.He got down from
高三英语一轮知识点 回归课本总复习 Book 1 Unit 1---3 词汇与短语： 1. hunt for 搜索, 追寻 2. care about 担心, 关心 3. such as 例如 4. drop sb. a line 给某人写信 5. be fond of 喜欢 6. in order to 为了 7. all the time 一直 8. argue with sb. about sth. 同某人争论某事 9. all alone 独自 10. develop a friendship with sb. 和某人建立友谊 11. even though 即使, 尽管 12. treat …as 把…当作 13. surf the Internet 上网冲浪 14. on a flight 在飞行中 15. too much太多 16. should have done 本应当做某事 17. be into sth./ doing sth. 喜欢 18. be quick in/ at 在某方面敏捷 19. make oneself at home 别客气 20. in total 总共 21. except for 除了…之外 22. stay up 熬夜 23. come about 发生 24. end up with以…告终 25. bring in 引进，引来 26. a great many 许多 27. all the way 一路上，从头至尾 28. communicate with 与…交流 29. have a good knowledge of 了解，掌握 30. with 复合结构 31. compare… with… 把…和…进行比较 32. share happiness and sorrow 同甘共苦 33. It be + 被强调部分+ that/ who + 其他成分 34. stay the same 保持不变 35. more or less 或多或少 36. consider doing/sb. to do/ sb,. (to be) 37. get away from 逃离 38. watch out注意，当心 39. instead of代替 40. go off 离开 41. protect from 保护，保卫 42. for fun好玩 知识点归纳： 1．argue(vi.﹠vt.): express an opposite opinion；exchange angry words；quarrel 争论，争辩常用于以下句型：
高考题型提能练(九)Unit 9 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2018·河南省普通高中毕业班适应性测试)Is geography important? Here's a question for you to answer. What have the following countries got in common: Australia, Japan, the United Kingdom, Iceland and Madagascar? Quite easy if you can picture them on the globe —they are all islands. All of these nations are surrounded by sea. What have these five nations got in common? Hungary, Botswana, Kazakhstan, Paraguay and Liechtenstein. They are all landlocked. In other words, in contrast to the first five countries whose coastline forms their border, the second five have no coastline at all. If you are a Hungarian or a Paraguayan, you have to pass through somebody else's country if you want to go to the beach. Liechtenstein is even more of a geographical phenomenon; it is “doubly landlocked” because the countries that surround it — Austria and Switzerland are also landlocked. There is only one other country in the world in a similar position, Uzbekistan, which is surrounded by five other landlocked countries. Go and have a look at the map if you want to know which. So how do countries become landlocked? If you are Swiss or
广东大埔县2017高考英语语法填空一轮综合训练（二） 2016高考训练题。 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Fay:Hi, Jerry. I’m thingking of applying 61______a job with a multinational(跨国的) company, but I’m worried about having an interview in English. Can you give me any good tips? Jerry:Hmm. T hat’s a tough one. I guess the first thing is to try to make 62_______good impression. Fay:That sounds good. But 63_______(serious), how canI do that? Jerry: To begin wit h, you should firmly shake the interviewer’s hand and keep eye contact while 64_______(greet) him or her with a smile. Fay:Ah, “body language” is really important, isn’t it? Jerry:Yes. The second thing is to be confident. You gain 65________(confident) from being prepared. You should learn a little bit about the company before the interview. Find out what they do, how long they’ve been in business, 66_______their business motto is, that kind of thing. Fay:I never 67_______(think) about that before. You’re smart, Jeery! But what should I do 68________I can’t remember an English word when I’m answering a question? Jerry:In 69________case, you have to paraphrase. In other words, you have to explain what you want to say. Fay:That’s very 70_______(help), Jerry. Thanks very much. Ah, one more thing. Should I ask about the salary during the interview? Jerry:No, either let them bring up the topic of money, or wait for a second interview. Good luck! Fay:Thanks! 【参考答案】 61. for 62. a 63. seriously 64. greeting 65. confidence 66. what 67. thought 68.if 69. that 70. helpful 【语法填空】A Woman Doctor-Lina ___1____ ( bear) i n a pigs’ nest, Lina led a poor life in her childhood. She was looked down upon by the children of her generation. But she intended to become a doctor after she came across Lin Qiaozhi by chance, ____2___ was delivering medical courses to an audience crowding around her. Before moving off, Lin inspired her to carry on her study. ____3____Lin’s support, Lina entered an institute and studied hard ___4____(spare) no time for entertainment. ___5____being outspoken and modest won respect for her. Her excellent arguing skills ___6____ observation ability