定语从句1——关系代词引导的定语从句
一、考点、热点回顾
【词汇辨析】
1.every day & everyday
every day“每天”，作时间状语。everyday是形容词，“每天的，日常的”。
eg: She learns some everyday English every day. 她每天学一些日常英语。
He goes to bed late every day. 他每天睡觉很晚。
2. between & among
between 常用于表示两者之间，或用于表示三者或三者以上的众多事物两两之间
among一般指在三者或三者以上众多事物之中。
eg: Tom is between Ann and Mary. 汤姆在安和玛丽之间。
They talked among themselves while they waited. 他们一边等着一边互相谈话
【固定搭配】to do / doing
在英语中，有些动词或动词短语后既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词做宾语，但意思不同
1.forget to do 忘记做某事I’m sorry I forgot to post the letter.
forget doing 做过某事忘了 I forgot telling him the news the other day.
2. stop to do 停下来做某事He stopped to talk to me when he saw me in the street yesterday.
stop doing 停止做某事 Please stop talking loudly in the library.
3.try to do 尽力做某事I’ll try to get there before sunset. 我将尽量在日落前赶到那里。
try doing 试着做某事Why not try knocking at the back door? 为什么不试一试敲后门？4.regret to do 遗憾地将做某事 I regret to say that I can’t go with you.
regret doing 后悔做过某事I regret missing such a good chance of practising my spoken English.
【关系代词引导的定语从句】
（一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。
如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.
2) You must do everything that I do.
上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why
1、引导定语从句
2、代替先行词
3、在定语从句中担当一个成分
（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人，在从句中做主语
(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)
4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)
(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)
5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?
=Do you like the book is yellow?
【总结】：
一、关系代词引导定语从句时，可作主语、宾语、定语等句子成分。如：
is the doctor who came from London.
2.The book which／that I am reading is written by Thomas Hardy.
3. The desk whose leg is broken is very old.
4. This is the room that／which Shakespeare was born in.
1．如果先行词是all，anything，something，nothing，everything，little，none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。
例如：All that are present burst into tears.
2．如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first，last，any，only，few，much，no，some，very等词修饰，关系代词常用that，不用which。
例如：The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
3．which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思与and this 相似。
例如：He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.
4．先行词中既有人又有物时，关系代词应该用that。
例如：The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.
5．“介词＋关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。此结构中的介词可以是in, on, about, from, for, with, to, at, of, without等，关系代词常常只可用whom或which，不可用that。
例如：The room in which t here is a machine is a workshop.
像listen to，look at，depend on，pay attention to，take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不将介词与动词分开。
例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.
二、典型例题
( )1、-Do you know the man ______is talking with your father？
-Yes，he‘s our headmaster.
A. he
B. who
C. which
D. whom
( )2、The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.
A. which；is
B. whom；was
C. who；is
D. who；was
( )3、Have you seen the film Titanic ___actors are very famous?
A who
B whose
C that
D whom
( )4、Ann asked the policeman ___he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.
A with him
B with whom
C who
D whom
( )5、A child ____parents are dead is called an orphan.
A which
B his
C whose
D with
( )6、This is the reason ______ he told me.
A、that
B、why
C、on which
D、for that
( )7、Do you know the scientist _______ gave us a talk just now?
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. whose
( )8、This is the dictionary _______ Mum gave me for my birthday.
A. which
B. what
C. whose
D. whom
( )9、Shaolin Temple ________ lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad.
A. where
B. which
C. who
D. what
( )10、—Do you know the girl _______ is standing under the tree?
—She is my little sister.
A. who
B. whom
C. whose
D. which
三、课后练习
( )1. Beijing is the 29th city _______ holds the Olympic Games.
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. what
( )2. Have you read the book _______ I gave you yesterday?
A. that
B. when
C. where
( )3. The man _______ came to our party with a present is my old friend.
A. when
B. which
C. who
( )4. I like writers _______ write short stories.
A. which
B. what
C. whom
D. who
( )5. This is the question _______ we are talking about now.
A. that
B. who
C. where
D. when
( )6. —What are you looking for?
—I am looking for the book _______ I bought yesterday.
A. who
B. which
C. whose
( )7. Jack, there is someone in the office _______ would like to speak with you.
A. who
B. which
C. whom
( )8. If a bag is filled with books and pens, it must belong to someone _______ works hard.
A. which
B. /
C. whom
D. who
( )9. Many young people prefer the songs _______ have great lyrics.
A. which
B. who
C. where
D. whom
( )10. Even teachers can’t understand some expressions _______ their students use in daily life.
A. whose
B. who
C. that
D. whom
( )11. The bridge ____ a big ship can go has been built.
A. under which
B. under that
C. in which
D. on which
( )12. The book ____ is torn is mine.
A. the cover of which
B. the cover of that
C. which the cover
D. whose cover of
( )13. He talked about the classmates and the school ____ he had visited.
A. who
B. that
C. which
D. about which
( )14. You have seen the girl ____ sister is a Chinese teacher.
A. whom
B. of whom
C. whose
D. of which
( )15. We should do all ____ is useful to people.
A. /
B. that
C. it
D. which
( )16. We came to a place ____ they had never paid a visit before.
A. which
B. in which
C. on which
D. to which
( )17. Those ____ finished doing it put up your hands.
A. who have
B. who has
C. which have
D. have
( )19. The man ____ was a friend of mine.
A. that you just talked to
B. whom you just talked to him
C. who you just talked to him
D. which you just talked to
( )20. I went to the school ____ my father once worked.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. on which
( )21. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived in the country with the farmers, _________has a great effect on my life.
A. that; which
B. when; which
C. which; that
D. when; who
( )22. The weather turned out to be very good, _______was more than we could expect.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. it
( )23. Carol said the work would be done by October, ___ personally I doubt very much.
A. it
B. that
C. when
D. which
( )24. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ___ , of course, made the others unhappy.
A. who
B. which
C. this
D. what
( )25. Have you seen the film "Titanic", ________ leading actor is world famous?
A. its
B. it's
C. whose
D. which
典型例题1B2C3b4b5c6a 7a8a9b10a 课后练习1B2A3D4D 5-9ABADA 10C 11解析：考查定语从句随意性关系引导词。基本常识：定语从句随意性关系引导词由搭配介词+which/whom构成，先行词指人用前者，先行词指事/物用后者。定语从句引导词的判断方法为将先行词想方设法放入从句，使从句成为一个完整且有先行词成分的陈述句。此句中，先行词为the bridge; 从句为a big ship can go, 二者构成的完整句为A big ship can go under the bridge. 因此，答案为A
12 解析：考查定语从句随意性关系引导词以及所属关系引导词。此句中先行词为the book, 从句应为cover is torn, 二者构成的完整句为the cover of the book is torn. 因此随意性关系引导词结构为the cover of which或所属关系引导词结构whose cover. 因此，答案为A
13解析：考查先行词即指人又指物的定语从句相同意思引导词。定语从句相同意思引导词基本要点，无论限定性还是非限定性定语从句的主宾表引导词均为相同意思引导词。
先行词指事物的情况，用引导词which.此句中，先行词为the classmates and the school，从句为he had visited, 二者构成的完整句为He had visited the classmates and the school. 所以不难发现先行词在限定性定语从句中作visited的宾语使用，先行词既指人又指物。因此，答案为B
14解析：考查定语从句所属关系引导词。此句先行词为the girl，定语从句为sister is a Chinese teacher，二者构成的完整句为The girl's sister is a Chinese teacher. 先行词的's所有格构成的所属关系结构在从句中作定语。因此，答案只能为C.
定语从句固定关系引导词相关要点：先行词在定语从句中除作从句主宾表成分以外的成分，均为相关意思引导词，其中包括固定关系引导词和随意性关系引导词。固定关系引导词只有when(时间关系)，where（地点关系），why(先行词为the reason,原因关系）whose（所属关系，包括's所有格关系和of 所有格关系，由whose修饰的名词成分前不能用冠词成分，whose应为名词的前置性定语成分）；随意性关系引导词为相关搭配介词+which/whom构成的引导词结构充当。
15解析：考查限定性定语从句中先行词为不定代词的相同意思引导词。此句中先行词all为不定代词，从句为is useful to people，从句缺主语，二者构成的完整句为All is useful to people.为了便于理解，All =All the things/ everything.所以从句的完整句还可以写成Everything is useful to people; 或All the things are useful to people. 因此，答案为B 16解析：考查定语从句随意性关系引导词。此句先行词为a place, 从句为they had never paid a visit before, 二者构成的完整句为They had never paid a visit to the place before. 因此，答案为D。此句的可转换概念进行相同意思引导词的考查，题干为We came to a place _____ they had never visited before. 其答案可以为which/that/省略引导词。
17解析：考查为指示代词在从句中作主语的指代分析以及引导词的数量。此句中，those为定语从句的先行词，相当于those students/clerks, finished diong it为定语从句成分，从句缺主语以及谓语动词的完成时态助动词。主语指人，用一般引导词who, 引导词数量与先行词一致为复数。因此，答案为A
19解析：考查完整的定语从句。此句中先行词在从句中作介词宾语，先行词相同意思用引导词充当，先行词指人。因此，答案为A
20解析：考查定语从句相关意思引导词。此句先行词the school, 定语从句my father once worked,二者构成的完整句o为My father once worked in the school. in the school可以用固定关系引导词中的地点关系引导词where表示, 也可以用随意性关系引导词in which表示。因此，答案为C
21 解析：前一空考查定语从句相关意思引导词；后一空考查定语从句整句先行词相同意思引导词。前一定语从句的完整句为I lived in the country with the farmers those years. 先行词在从句中作非主宾表成分，先行词与时间相关。后一定语从句的完整句在理解基础上的意思转换为The experience has a great effect on my life. The experience= I lived in the country with the farmers those years。所以为整句先行词在从句中作主语。因此，答案为B
22解析：考查定语从句整句先行词在从句中作主语。非限定性定语从句在意思理解基础上的完整句为This natural phenomenan was more than we could expect. This natural phenomenan= The weather turned out to be very good. 因此，答案为B
23 解析：考查定语从句整句先行词在从句中作宾语。非限定性定语从句的完整句为Personly I doubt that the work would be done by October very much. 因此，答案为D
24解析：考查非限定性定语从句整句先行词在从句中作主语。非限定性定语从句完整句为It made the others unhappy that Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play. It=Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play. 在从句中构成形式主语与真实主语关系。因此，答案为B
25 解析：非限定性定语从句引导词考点，先行词the film，放入从句为The leading actor of the film is world famous, 先行词放入从句为of所有格作后置性定语，用相关意思引导词中的所属关系引导词。答案为C
初中英语定语从句专题训练答案 一、定语从句 1．–Why are you so worried? -I’ve lost the watch ______ my dad bought me on my birthday. A．what B．who C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】 句意：——你为什么如此担心？——我把那块我生日时爸爸买给我的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句，先行词是watch表示物，故关系代词只能用which或that；what不引导定语从句；who的先行词是人；whose表示所属；故选D。 2．I will never forget the fire ______________ happened in Shanghai last year. A．when B．where C．what D．which 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 考点：考查定语从句。 【详解】 试题分析：句意：我将永远不会忘记去年上海发生的火灾。先行词the fire是物，故其定语从句要用which引导。what不引导定语从句；when先行词是时间；where先行词是地点；根据题意，故选D。 3．–What are you looking for? –I’m looking for the storybook you lent to me last week. A．who B．which C．when 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意“-你正在找什么？-我正在找你上周借给我的故事书”。 本题考查定语从句。A.who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；B.which指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；C.when表示时间，在从句中作状语。本句话中，先行词为the storybook，指物，且在从句中作宾语，故选B。
初中英语定语从句的用法解析 【摘要】定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导（1）。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句，但对初中生来说，定语从句既是一个重点，也是一个难点。 【关键词】定语从句先行词关系代词关系副词 一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后，而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如： The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher. 先行词定语从句 昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。 二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂，有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系（2）。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词在句中作状语。如： I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （主语） 先行词关系代词 我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。 The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语) 先行词关系代词 我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。 The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语) 先行词关系代词 那个是他的母亲，名叫琳达·布朗。 That is the house where my father used to live.(状语) 先行词关系副词 那是我父亲曾经居住过的房子。 三、初中英语中的定语从句关系代词或关系副词的具体用法。 1. who指人（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如： Yesterday I helped an old man who / that lost his way. （主语） 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 Mr Wang is the man (who / that / whom )you met in the zoo this morning.(宾语) 王先生就是今天早上你在动物里遇到的那个人。 注意：关系代词who指人,作宾语时，可用whom代替；作宾语时，关系代词可省略。作其它成分，关系代词则不能省略。 2. whose指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语。 The boy whose mother is ill is staying at home to look after her today. 其母亲生病的那个男孩今天呆在家里照顾她。 I have a story book whose cover is red. 我有一本封面是红色的故事书。 3. which指物（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如： Football is a game which / that is liked by most boys. （主语） 足球是被大多数男孩喜欢的运动。 I don’t believe the news which / that Tom won the game. (宾语)
定语从句讲解及练习 一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或whom. 例：Is there anyone here who will go with you? 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) 具体使用时还要注意下列问题：1,只能使用that,不用which 的情况： (1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。例如：All that he said is true. (2)先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时。例如：He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. (3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：He was the second (person) that told me the secret. (4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。This is the best book (that) I have read this year. (5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：He talked about the people and the things he remembered. 2,只用which不用that的情况： (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如：The boy,who is good at soccer,comes from Xinjiang. That necklace,which you gave me as a present,was lost yesterday.
初中英语定语从句专项训练及答案及解析 一、定语从句 1．According to the survey, women ________drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than ________who don’t. A． who； that B． /； these C． who； those D． / ； / 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意为：据调查，每天喝超过两杯咖啡的女人比那些不喝咖啡的女人患心脏疾病的机会大得多。根据语境可知，本题考查的是定语从句的引导词和代词的用法。在定语从句中，引导词由先行词而定，who的先行词指人。此外，这里指的是“喝咖啡与不喝咖啡的那些女人”的比较，代词应用those，表示同名同物，故应选C。 考点：考查引导词和指示代词的用法。 2．The leaders from eight countries attended the Shanghai cooperation organization summit in Qingdao got the welcome of the Chinese people. A．whom B．what C．who D．which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：出席上海合作组织青岛峰会的8国领导人受到中国人民的欢迎。考查关系代词辨析。what不是关系词，可排除。whom和who都用于先行词是人时，但whom用作宾语，who用作主语或宾语；which用于先行词是物时。本句先行词The leaders是人，可排除which；关系词在从句中做主语，可排除whom。根据句意结构和语境，可知选C。 3．Ant Forest is a popular mobile app_____ allows people to plant real trees in the desert by collecting “green energy points’’. A．what B．who C．whom D．which 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 蚂蚁森林是一款允许人们通过收集绿色能量在沙漠里种植真的树木的流行的手机应用软件。 考查定语从句。本句为定语从句，先行词是a popular mobile app指物，关系词用which，故选D。 4．The only language ____ is easy to learn is mother tongue． A．which B．that C．/ D．it 【答案】B
Unit 1《school life 》 Grammar （1） 定语从句(Attributive Clause) Ⅰ 根据初中所学知识，请用红笔标出下列表格中的定语 Ⅱ 定语从句的定义及其作用： 定语从句是又称形容词性从句,在句子中起定语作用,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可修饰一个句子.受定语从句修饰的词叫先行词. 定语从句的作用和作定语的形容词、介词词组、分词词组相似，有时可以相互转换，例如：金发女孩可译作a blonde girl ，a girl with blonde hair 或a girl who has blonde hair 。定语从句通常由关系代词that/ which/ who/ whom/ which/ as 或关系副词when/ where/ why 引导，这些词既指代主句中要说明的名词或代词, 又充当从句中的某个句子成分。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。 找出下列句中的定语从句；分析定语从句三要素 1. You are the right man whom we are looking for. 2. I’ve spent all the money that was given by my parents. 3. I will never forget the day when I joined the party. 4. This is the factory where the machines are made. 前置定语 后置定语 my book a holiday of seven days a seven-day holiday something important a good holiday a country developing fast a toy factory a book written by Lu Xun a developing country a book to be published a developed country a book which was written by J.K. Rowling 1先行词（名词或代词） 2关系词 3关系词在从句中充当成分 relative pron. (as sub. ,obj. ,pred.) (that 指人或物 / which 指物 / who(m) 指人/ whose) This is a book which was written by J.K. Rowling. relative adv. (as adverbial) (when / where / why) Ⅲ 定语从句的必备三要素
初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解(第2套) 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with h im
定语从句 一学习目标 1.熟练掌握定语从句 二考点解析 ⊙定从的功能—解释说明 This is the factory that/which can produce such machines 这就是能制造这种机器的工厂This is the factory that/which we visited last week 这就是我们上周参观的工厂 ⊙定语从句 定义：一个简单句跟在名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。这个简单句在主句中充当定语成分。 I bought a cow that looked like a horse. ⊙定语从句怎么考？ 语法 22.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.（2016高考北京卷） A.whose B.why C.where D.which 完形 Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. （2016高考北京卷） 阅读&写作 A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.（2016高考全国卷D篇） Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. （2016高考北京卷阅读A篇） ⊙定从原理：把两个句子合为一个，两个句子有相同的部分，此时可以把其中一个句子作为另一个句子的修饰限定部分。
初中英语定语从句讲解及练习(教师版) 一.定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) the boys who are playing football are from class one. (2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) the number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning? 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) i once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1) the school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) the school in which he once studied is very famous. (3) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. (4) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) we'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. (6) we'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care
最新初中英语定语从句专项训练及答案 一、定语从句 1．Paul’s uncle is the man taught us Chinese last year. A．where B．which C．who 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：保罗的叔叔是那个去年教我们中文的人。本题考查定语从句的用法，根据先行词是人，可知关系词用who。故选C。 考点：考查定语从句的关系词。 2．一Which song do you like better．Maria？ 一I prefer the song Manual of Youth ______ is sung by TFBOYS． A．who B．whom C．which D．/ 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 C 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：—Maria，你更喜欢哪首歌？—我喜欢TFBOYS唱的《青春修炼手册》。分析句子结构，本句中的 is sung by TFBOYS在复合句中作定语从句，其中先行词 the song Manual of Youth 指物，且在定语从句中作逻辑主语，所以关系代词用which．故选C． 【点睛】 完成定于从句的关键是分析先行词指人还是指物，以及其在定语从句中做什么句子成分． 3．The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other. A．who B．that C．what D．They 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句中先行词为small houses，在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词that。句意：老镇有狭窄的街道，小房子建得彼此相靠近。 考点：考查定语从句的用法 4．This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday. A．which B．what C．whose D．whom 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：这是那本母亲给我作为生日礼物的字典。这里是定语从句，先行词是为物时用
初中英语专题汇编英语定语从句(一)及解析 一、定语从句 1．The lady spoke to me in the shop is my aunt. A．Which B．who C．where D．What 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：在商店与我说话的那位女士是我的姑姑。A. Which哪一个；B. who 谁；C. where 在哪； D. What什么。The lady为先行词，指人，引导词用who或that，故答案为B。 考点：考查定语从句的引导词。 2．One is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance（优雅）. A．which B．who C．how D．what 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：一个学识渊博的人总是举止优雅。考查关系代词。A. which关系代词，引导定语从 句时，指代物；B. who关系代词，引导定语从句时，指代人；C. how关系副词；D. what不能引导定语从句。根据One is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance（优雅）.可知，先行词one指代人，所以用关系代词who或that引导定语从句，同时在定语从句中作主语，结合选项可知B选项符合题意，故答案选B。 3．I like the writers ___________are popular among teenagers. A．who B．which C．whom 【答案】A 【解析】 句意：我喜欢受青少年欢迎的作家。本题考查定语从句。先行词是the writers，关系代词 在定语从句中作主语且指人，故选A项。 4．The girl catches the flowers on a wedding will be the next to get married. A．whom B．which C．who D．whose 【答案】C 【解析】 考查定语从句的用法。Whom指人，作从句的宾语；which指物，作从句的主语或宾语；who指人，作从句的主语或宾语；whose即指人也指物，作从句的定语，后跟名词。根据动词“catches”可推断关系词作从句的主语，而“the girl”指人，故选C。
1. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people _____ ___ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology. A. begin B. began C. have begun D. had begun 2. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ________ advertisement s showing happy families. A. will often see B. often see C. are often seeing D. have often seen 3. —I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday. —Oh, how nice! Do you know when she ________? A. was leaving B. had left C. has left D. left 4. —What were you doing when Tony phoned you? —I had just finished my work and________ to take a shower. A. had started B. started C. have started D. was starting 5. I ________ you not to move my dictionary—now I can’t find it. A. asked B. ask C. was asking D. had asked 6. —Has Sam finished his homework today? —I have no idea. He ________ it this morning. A. did B. has don e
定语从句１——关系代词引导的定语从句 一、考点、热点回顾 【词汇辨析】 1.ｅvery dａy& eｖerｙdaｙ evｅry dａｙ“每天”，作时间状语。eveｒydａy是形容词,“每天的,日常的”。 eg: She lｅarns sｏｍe eｖeryday Ｅnｇlish eｖeｒｙday. 她每天学一些日常英语。 He goｅs to bed ｌaｔe every ｄaｙ．他每天睡觉很晚。 ２．betwｅｅn& amｏng bｅtｗeeｎ常用于表示两者之间，或用于表示三者或三者以上的众多事物两两之间 amonｇ一般指在三者或三者以上众多事物之中。 eｇ: Toｍis beｔween Ａnn and Maｒy.汤姆在安和玛丽之间。 Ｔheｙtａｌｋedａmoｎg tｈemｓｅlvｅs whiｌe thｅｙwａiｔｅd. 他们一边等着一边互相谈话 【固定搭配】tｏdo／doiｎg 在英语中，有些动词或动词短语后既可以接不定式,也可以接动名词做宾语,但意思不同?1.forgｅt ｔo do 忘记做某事I’m sorｒｙ I ｆorgot tｏ poｓt tｈe lｅtteｒ． forgeｔ doinｇ做过某事忘了 I forgot teｌｌing hiｍｔhｅｎews ｔhe ｏther day. ?2. ｓtop ｔo do 停下来做某事He stoｐpeｄ to tａlｋ to ｍe ｗheｎ he saw me iｎ the ｓtreｅt yesｔerｄay. ｓtop doｉｎｇ停止做某事Ｐｌeａse stop talkinｇｌoudly ｉｎ the library. 3.try tｏ do 尽力做某事I’ｌl ｔry tｏ get there bｅforｅｓｕnｓet.我将尽量在日落前赶到那里。 try ｄｏing 试着做某事Ｗhy ｎoｔ tｒy kｎockiｎg aｔ the baｃｋ door? 为什么不试一试敲后门？ 4．ｒegrｅt to do 遗憾地将做某事 I rｅgret ｔo say ｔhａt Ｉcan’t gｏ with you. reｇreｔ doing 后悔做过某事I rｅgreｔｍｉssiｎg ｓuch a good cｈａｎce of praｃtｉsiｎｇ my spｏkｅｎ Engliｓｈ. 【关系代词引导的定语从句】 (一)、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如：１）Thｅman wｈｏliｖeｓnｅxｔtｏus iｓ a ｐoliceman. 2)Yｏu must ｄｏeｖeryｔhｉng that I do. 上面两句中的maｎ和ｅｖerｙthinｇ是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词ｔｈat，which,who(宾格whom,所有格whｏｓe）和关系副词ｗhe ｒe, when、whｙ 、引导定语从句2、代替先行词３、在定语从句中担当一个成分 (二）、关系代词引导的定语从句 １.who指人，在从句中做主语 (１)Tｈe ｂoys who aｒe playinｇfootball arｅfrom CｌasｓOne.
定语从句专项训练附详细参考答案 I 选择最佳答案: 1.The silk _______ is made in Hangzhou sells well. A. that B.who C. what D. / 2.The man_______today left this message for you. A.called B.has called C.whom called D.who called 3.Do you live near the building ______colour is yellow? A. that B.which C.whose D. its 4.He helped his father on the farm ______they lived. A. which B.that C.when D. where 5.I’m one of the boys_____never late for school. A.that is B.who is C.who are D.who am 6.All_____should be done has been done. A.what B.which C.that D.whatever 7.Jack told me everything _______he knew about it. A. what B.that C.which D.who 8.My father works in the factory ______this type of truck is made. A.in where B.in which C.from which D.of which 9.The school_______we visited last week was built in 1956. A./ B.where C.that D.both A and C 10.This is one of the best films_______I have ever seen. A.which B.that C.of which D.of that 11.In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions_______were asked in French. A.where B.who C.in which D.which 12.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. A.these B.those C.that D.which 13.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ________family was poor. A.of whom B.whom C.of whose D.whose 14.All_______is needed is a supply of oil. A.the thing B.that C.what D.which 15.In the dark street ,there wasn’t a single person _____she could turn for help. A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom 16.She heard a terrible noise,______brought her heart into her mouth. A.it B.which C.this D.that II 用适当的关系词填空： 1) I’ll never forget the day on ________ they met for the very first time last summer. 2) This is the place _________ he so often mentioned to me. 3) The only thing ________ interested him was that he could do anything _________ he wanted to. 4) “What a scientist! What wonderful invention!” he talked excitedly about Bill Gates and his Microsoft Company _________ is now a focus (焦点) of newspapers and television. 5) He is old, ________ fact is important in this case.
定语从句 请看下面的句子： （一）概念: 定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子，叫定语从句。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 （二）定语从句的分类 Ⅰ、限定性定语从句：从句不可少，没有它，先行词的意思不明确，主句也不完整。与先行词之间不用逗号。 e.g:This is the book that/which I want. Ⅱ、非限定性定语从句：是对先行词的补充说明，没有它不会影响先行词或主句意思的完整性。从句一般用逗号同主句分开。 e.g:Mr. Green，who is watching TV，is my uncle. （三）(限定性)定语从句的结构 Mary is a girl who has long hair. 先行词关系词定语从句 关系代词关系副词 which, who, whom, whose, that where, when, why （四）定语从句的实质：二句合一 （合并条件：人物先行在句一，又占句二一席地） Mary is a girl. 合并为一个句子 She has long hair. 思路：留（保留先行词）-----舍（舍去与先行词互指的词）----替（用关系词代替舍去部分）Mary is a girl who/that has long hair. 请把下列句子二句合一 1. I saw the man. He closed the door 2.The girl is happy. She won the race 3.The man called the police . His wallet was stolen
定语从句 定语从句 （一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。 定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 （二）、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 注：that 用法 (1)不用that的情况 (a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。(错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. (b) 介词后不能用；在" such (the same) ... as ..." 句型中,关系代词要用as, 而不用which. We need such materials as (not which) can bear high temperature We depend on the land from which we get our food.