1. Now in the age of the Internet, reading books does not seem as important as it once was. Do you think people can learn as much on the Internet as they can by reading books? Which method do you prefer?
2. It's been said that technology creates more problems than it solves and may threaten or damage the quality of life. Is this statement reasonable? What problems does technology bring us? Use specific examples in your answer, please.
3. Literature is a significant part of human culture and some say it can help form aesthetic taste. However, is it necessary for everyone to read poetry, novels, and other types of imaginative literature?
4. Many people know how to attain success, but few know how to make the best use of it when it comes. So how do you define success and how would you make the best use of it?
5. Do you agree that the people who make important contributions to society are generally not those who develop their own new ideas, but those who are most gifted at perceiving and coordinating the talents and skills of others And please give examples to illustrate your views.
6. Most people agree that buildings represent a valuable record of the past for any society, but controversy arises when old buildings stand on ground which modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes. In such situations, should modern development be given precedence over the preservation of historic buildings so that contemporary needs can be served?
7. It is often asserted that the purpose of education is to free the mind and the spirit. However, formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free. Do you think university education should be more open-minded and free? And what aspect of your university life should be improved?
8. In today's technological society, we're becoming busier and busier. But the primary goal of technological advancement is to increase people's efficiency so that everyone has more leisure time. How do you evaluate this situation? How can we improve it?
9. Strict laws are important for the security of our society, but there are many cases of injustice based on rigid laws. Should laws be fixed or flexible? Please explain your vies with examples.
10. One typical feature of the young generation is overconfidence. As a result, they lack the patience to do a basic job, dreaming that they can accomplish great things is misleading and/or potentially harmful?
11. which qualities do you look for in a boyfriend/girlfriend?
12. What would be your major consideration in choosing a job and why?
13. what is more important in your career, to make money or to be satisfied with your work?
14. Which is more important for you: knowledge from books or personal experience:
15. If you could live in a different time and place, what time and place would you choose?
16. What is your view on public displays of affection such as kissing on campus?
17. If we don't want to give money to individual beggars, what charities would you recommend that we support in China:
18. Do you think married couples have a better life without children?
19. why do you think Valentine's Day has become so popular in China?
20. Could you please tell us, in your opinion, what m akes life worthwhile?
21. Are we allowing the Internet to intrude too far into our private lives?
22. Do we need so many television channels?
23. Is it time to scrap the May and October golden week holidays?
24. Is marking western holidays a sign of a modern China or of traditions sacrificed to commercial interests?
25. Should linguistic diversity be preserved, even at the expense of effective communication?
26. Are we becoming too susceptible to advertising?
27. Do you think people today are any closer to achieving a peaceful and harmonious future or harmonious world than Confucius, who lived 2000 years ago?
28. Should bargaining be outlawed and traders be required to advertise a fixed price for what they sell?
29. Should it be left to university students to balance their private lives and their studies?
30. Can the sacrifice of modesty in the interests of achieving success be justified
31. What do you think is more important for a child, a happy childhood or top marks at sch ool?
32. Who should be the focus of investment in sport, the general population or potential Olympic champions?
33. Are boarding schools a good idea or are students better off at home?
34. Should Peking Opera remain true to its roots or change with the times?
35. Does modern society place too much emphasis on physical beauty?
36. Should Beijing's historic main avenue be open to all, big cars and small cars?
37. Is it right for major cities to lift the ban on firecrackers?
38. Is a dependent husband a role model or a cause of embarrassment?
39. Should Beijing introduce a congestion charge to encourage drivers to use public transport and leave their cars at home?
40. Who should take responsibility for the poor diet of children, fast-food restaurants or parents?
41. Is the Olympic ideal still relevant today?
42. Should China introduce a complete ban on smoking in restaurants and bars?
43. Is Beijing a better or a worse city, as a result of the disappearance of the hutongs?
44. Are retirement homes the answer in caring for China's aging population?
45. If you could invite one historical figure to dinner, who would that be? What would you want to discuss with him or her?
46. If you could choose one thing that China could share with the rest of the world, what would that be?
47. Should postgraduate study be a means of improving job prospects, rather than pursuing academic interests?
48. Is it right that success in the sporting arena should open doors to a career in entertainment?
49. Do you think big cities need more public transport instead of more private cars?
50. Do you think that pretty female students have an advantage in job interviews?
51. Do the benefits of the Internet for students outweigh the potential harm?
52. Should the Yuan Ming Yuan, also known as the Old Summer Palace, be restored?
53. Do you think schools, including primary schools, should permit students to carry mobile phones?
54. Do you think a policy of not allowing visitors on campus will harm a university's image?
55. Is the risk of exploitation too high a price for children to pay for fame?
56. What's more important, job satisfaction or money?
57. Which attribute is more important for an Olympic champion, technique or mental strength?
58. Which is better for the arts, private investment or government funding?
59. With about 4200 languages spoken worldwide, would it be more convenient if a universal language were adopted?
60. Do famous people deserve constant public scrutiny, or should they have more protection from intrusive reporting?
如何应对即兴演讲
来源：21英语网作者：Stephen Lucas（《为成功而演讲》）日期: 2010-09-19
到目前为止我们讨论了适用于各种公众演讲的普遍原则。现在我们来看即兴演讲，也被称作临场的、即席的或是无准备的演讲。在“21世纪杯”比赛中，选手们完成已备演讲之后作即兴演讲。下面是往届比赛中出现过的一些即兴演讲题目：
如果你可以生活在另外一个不同时间和地点，你将如何选择？对你来说哪种知识更为重要：书本上学来的还是从个人经历取得的？
你认为中国人世将会对这个国家有何主要影响？
大学生能否结婚？
如果你是人大代表，你对政府有何建议？
你会发现，即兴演讲题目的话题涉及面很广，包含从个人到政治，从校园热点到时事等各个方面。在“21世纪杯”演讲比赛的各个环节中，即兴演讲最具挑战性。它考验你独立思考、迅速、透彻地分析问题以及在毫无准备的前提下用英语进行有效交流的能力。因为所有选手都有充足的时间准备已备演讲，所以在这部分比赛中他们通常表现出色。但是到了即兴演讲部分很多人就变得言语结巴了。因此你若想取得前几名的成绩，就必须在即兴演讲中取得高分。
即兴演讲对于使用母语演讲的学生来说都是件难事，对于使用第二语言演讲的学生来说就更是费力了。然而，它为你以后走出校门步人社会提供了极好的锻炼机会，因为到那时很多情况下都需要你立即清楚、有力地表达出自己的观点。
无论你在哪里演讲，成功的即兴演讲最重要的因素都是缜密的思维和有条理的组织。在比赛中，你有三分钟时间发表即兴演讲。首先确定你要阐述的两至三个主要观点，然后简明、清楚地加以讨论。必要时使用实例、数据或证词来支持你的观点。因为很多即兴演讲题目都是在问你个人的观点，你可以在演讲中充分利用自己的经历。。最重要的是，一定要避免漫谈和重复。阐明一个观点之后就接下去谈下一个。你可用“第一”、“第二”、“第三”这样的路标来明确每一个新观点的出现，以方便观众理解。当你的演讲接近尾声时，要用简练的话语作结，并为观众的关注表示感谢。
当你发表即兴演讲时，无论内心多么紧张也要表现得冷静、镇定。回顾前面谈怯场时我们曾提到：尽管你内心紧张得发抖，观众看到的只是你的外显行为。如果你在演讲中发错音或忘记了思路，不要恐慌，即使你犯一个小错误，观众很有可能无所察觉，你只需像什么都没发生过一样继续你的演讲。如果有一个较大的失误，你只需大胆地说：“对不起，我的本意是说……”等等诸如此类的话，之后继续你的演讲。马丁·路德·金发表《我有一个梦想》这一演说的时候也有过三次失误，但他并未理会这些过失，而观众始终关注的也只是他所要表达的思想内容。
像已备演讲一样，在即兴演讲部分你也要练习与观众保持眼神交流，避免有声停顿。你打磕巴、思索恰当词语的次数越少，那么你看起来就越加完美、自信。如果你能够有一个让观众听起来清楚、稳重的语速，在演讲的过程中始终保持沉着、冷静，那么你将有更大的机会赢得评委们的好感。
尽管比赛前你不可能知道即兴演讲的题目，但这并不意味着不到上场前你就无从准备。当你准备好参赛，就可以请指导教师给出一些例题，你来练习当场发表即兴演讲来作答。在演练的过程中，尤其要注意我们前面提出的所有建议。练习的初期阶段录下自己演讲的声音，以检查自己语言的逻辑性、清晰性、连贯性以及发音的准确性。在练习的后期，你可用摄像机录下自己的表现，确保自己看起来自信，始终保持眼神交流，避免分散注意力的手势或习惯动作。
下面我们给出一段非常好的即兴演讲的例子，是2002年比赛的冠军选手孙宁当时所作的演讲。他即兴演讲的题目是“假如你是中国第一名登月的宇航员，你可以在月球上留下三件物品，那么你会留下哪三件？”
谢谢!如果我是中国第一位登上月球的宇航员，我会带下列三件物品：首先，我要带一个玩具，更确切地说是一个小型的玩具熊猫。熊猫是我们中国的国宝。众所周知，我们中国的自然环境、生态环境以及自然气候是得天独厚的。大家也都知道四川是熊猫最佳的天然栖息地。当你看到熊猫那滑稽的外表，憨态可掬的举止，你会发现它有着温和的习性。它同其他物种相处和谐，和大自然和平共处，这些都是我们需要向大熊猫学习的。
其次，我会带一件手工艺品，那就是传统的中国绘画。我小的时候学过几年传统中国绘画，所以我希望这幅画是我画的。在我学画画的时候，我就知道留意画中蕴含的东西更为重要。在典型的中国绘画中你也可以看到一首诗——通常是用隽秀的中国书法书写而成，此外上面还会有一个印章。中国绘画通常是临摹秀丽的中国风景。
最后，我想带一张世界地图。也许你们中间有些人会感到很惊讶，为什么不是中国地图呢？从各方面而言，我知道自己是一个中国人，然而我也意识到了在这个世界联系日益密切的时代，我们还是世界的公民。我不能把我的视线仅仅局限在中国国界中，我要把目光放远，我也应该清楚我们国界以外的海洋和陆地也是广阔的。走出国门去了解它们对于我们来说是很重要的。我的讲话完了，谢谢!
上面一字不差就是孙宁当时演讲的原稿，你可能发现到他在措辞中犯了一些小错误，但整篇演讲内容清晰、思维连贯、组织有序，以至于没有人会注意到那些细小的错误。读这篇稿子的时候，请注意孙宁是如何一开始便明确他要带上月球的三件物品。之后，演讲的过程中，他又这样引出所选的三件物品：
首先，我要带一个玩具，更确切地说是一个小型的玩具熊猫。
其次，我会带一件手工艺品，那就是传统的中国绘画。
最后，我想带一张世界地图。
这样的结构组织简明、清晰。孙宁将三个主要观点阐述得清楚、简洁，在三个观点上分配了几乎平等的注意力。在整个演讲的过程中，他从没有徘徊不前或偏离主题。他给人的印象是一个很好地控制自己思维的自信的演讲者。的确，即使这篇演讲由一位母语为英语演讲者创造，也称得上是非常出色的。
当然，针对不同的题目要有不同的回答。但任何一位演讲者针对任何主题发表即兴演讲，其成功的基本要素都是一样的。如果你能牢记我们所讨论的成功要素进行练习，你将有更大的机会在即兴演讲中取得成功。
从辩论题目和作文题目看即兴演讲的解题范围
(1)1.13Many teachers assign homework to students every day. Do you think that daily homework is necessary for students? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
(2)1.14是否要在繁忙时间对繁忙路段课税
(3)1.19 Agree or disagree: Most people often let others make decisions for them rather than make decisions by themselves.
(4)1.26speaking important or writing important?
(5)2.3看电视比看书学的多
(6)3.3Because people are too busy doing many things，they can do few things well.
(7)3.4intoday's world, the ability to cooperate well with others is more important than before. Agree or not
(8)3.10老师给学生自信比教专门知识更重要
(9)3.23你喜欢看严肃题材的电影还是商业题材的电影？
(10)4.21电影和电视［movies and television］对年轻人的行为方式［the way young people behavior］主要是消极的影响。给出理由。
(11)4.29there are so many events happening everyday in the world, we don't have to know
(12)5.18It is better to spend money on something that lasts for a long time, such as an expensive piece of jewelry or spend on something that provides a short-term pleasure such as a vacation?
(13)5.19教师是否应该获得跟doctors,lawyers,business leaders一样的收入
(14)6.920years from now, people will have more leisure time
(15)6.16Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Parents find it hard to control their children for the children are now influenced by many things outside home like television or movie.
(16)6.24Do you prefer to finish a project completely then to another one or do two or several projects at a time?
(17)6.30 letting a friends make a mistake is better than saying or doing something that may destroy your friendship.
(18)7.7university students should be required to take basic science classes even if they are not part of the field of the study.
(19)7.14To truly understand world event, we should get our news from newspaper; television cannot provide enough information.
(20)7.21Modern society has become more complex, so it is essential for the young people to have the ability to plan and organize.
(21)7.28Inuniversity students should take the history courses no matter what field they study.
(22)8.4Agree or disagree: The next twenty years from now on, students will not use printed books any more.
(23)8.11The only effective way to encourage energy conservation is by increasing prices of gasoline and electricity. Do you agree or disagree?
(24)8.17Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The advice you take from the friends who are older than you is valuable than that taken form. the friends at your age
(25)8.25Do you agree or disagree: Schools should not pay so much attention to general objects but should help students prepare for specific careers and jobs.
(26)9.8 Ateacher’s ability to relate with the students is more important than have sufficient knowledge being taught.
(27) 9.15working together is better than working alone. Do you agree or disagree?
(28)9.22Do you agree or disagree：The extended family (grandparents, aunt, uncle, cousins) is less important than it was before?
(29) 9.29when relaxing, some people like to spend time alone. What's your opinion?
(30) 10.17大学应不应该要求所有的学生都学习除了本国文化以外的文化？
(31)10.20Some people think one’s working is more important than being with one’s family, do you agree?
(32)10.27研究动物有没有对认识human nature有帮助
(33)11.3有很多钱不工作的人都不快乐，你支持否
(34) 11.11 Advertisements make products seem better than they are. Do you agree or disagree?
(35) 11.24 People will spend less time in cooking and preparing food in 20 years later. Do you agree or disagree?
(36) 12.1 People should not pay for the public transportation. Do you agree or disagree?
(37) 12.8Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
Advertisements are a waste of company's money and energy because consumers know what they want to buy.
(38)12.10咱们的生活比父辈的生活easier and more comfortable
(39) 12.15该重视学习concepts &ideas呢，还是重视学习facts呢？
(1)9.15现在信息很多，人们不知道是否该听谁的，真假难辨
(2)9.23THE MOST IMPORTANT EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS是不是在CLASSROOM和SCHOOL 实现的问题。
(3)10.8问car use20年后会减少，你同意吗？来源：https://www.doczj.com/doc/ae18736506.html,
(4)10.15knowledge learned through study和ability to be creative那个重要。
(5)10.21选课挑难的，即使分数不高也在所不惜。
(6)10.22现在这个年代，一个人想一辈子呆在一个单位工作是不可能的，是不现实的。你是否同意这个观点？
(7)10.28 would you agree that young people enjoy life more better than older people。
(8) 10.29新能源(太阳能、风能)很快会代替传统能源(天然气、煤)。
(9) 11.3为大公司工作好还是为小公司工作好
(10) 11.5 agree or disagree that Pro. gives the same grade to all the members of a project group
(11) 11.17工作为了快乐还是MONEY？
(12) 11.18 The best way to travel is in a group led by the guide.
(13) 11.19 选课根据爱好还是将来工作和职业的需要？
(14) 12.1Do you agree or disagree with the opinion that: The influence of classmates are more important than that from the parents on the children.？
(15)12.3 Grades(marks) encourage students to learn
(16)12.8 It is better to broad knowledge of many academic subjects than specialize on one specific subject.
(17)12.10把土地给人用是不是比给濒危动物用更重要
(18)12.15有的人认为网络给人们带来了大量的信息，好啊，也有的人觉得这些信息带来了麻烦，你的观点
(19)12.16同意不同意：一个聪明的朋友比一个幽默的朋友重要
Topic raised:
Some people say that self-confidence is the most important element of success? What do you think? What other facts are essential for one's success? Please give some examples.
Ladies and gentlemen, I beleive that self-confidence is the most important element of success.
Great confident man can be seen everywhere in every generation. 500 years ago, Christopher Columbus was self-confident when he set sail on a new journey, changed the course of history and shaped the character of the new world. 200 years ago, two Americans are self-confident when they left Saint Louis to explore the new lands acquired by the Louisiana Purchase. They made that journey in the spirit of
self-confidence, to find the potential of vast new territories and to chart a new way for the others to follow.
Inspired by all that has come before and guided by clear objectives, today, we are self-confident when we set a new course on our space expolration program. We will build new ships to carry men forward into the universe, to gain our foothold on the moon, and to prepare for the new journey to the world beyond our own.
But ladies and gentlemen, self-confidence alone is not enough. Thus, I believe that hardworking is another fact to success.
If Hugh Miller, after toling all day in a quarry, had devoted his evenings in rest and recreation, he would never become a famous geologist. The celebrated mathematician, Edmund Stone, would never have published a mathematical dictionary, nor will he find the key to science or mathematics if he had given his spare moments to idleness. Had the little Scotch lad, Furgeson, allow his brain to go to sleep when he tended sheep on the hillside, instead of calculating the positions of the stars by a string of beads, he would never have become a famous astronomer.
Ladies and gentlemen, I prepared hard before this competition, and standing here now, I am self-confident. To me, the journey of success never ends, and there is no final victory to claim. I see a great day coming, and I'm eagar for the work ahead. Thank you.
Host: Last February, Chun Shu, a Chinese writer in her early twenties, appeared on the cover of Time magazine. She was referred to by the U.S. Editor as "... one of a group of post-eighties writers in China." Which also includes Guo Jingming, Zhang Yueran and Han Ham All these writers recount their personal feelings and express their individuality in their works, and they have a large group of readers and supporters. However, there is some concern that the cynical attitude towards life that they express might have a negative effect on young readers. Do you also fear it will have such negative effects? Thanks.
Thank you for your question.Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen.
My topic of today's speech is "Make our Voice Heard." Today I would like to argue in two park. First, I would like to argue why people are afraid that literatures will set a negative effect on our lives. And second part I will share some of my thoughts with you.
开宗明义。演讲人首先明确的告知听众演讲的主题，使用brief introduction sentence to get attention。在临场的匆忙之中仍然想出来一个很好的题目Make Our Voice Heard，并且将自己的论述分为两部分，有条不紊，令人感叹。
Why those people are afraid of these kind of literature? I'm afraid that they are afraid of that teenagers are liked to imitate others. And teenager is just a crucial point for us to shape our personality, our view of life, and our value of the world. They're afraid of that we follow the bad example and lead a bad life in the future.
And that's why my parents, my family, and even the government would like to propose where thought those kind of literature as cynical ones.
本段讨论人们对此类文学作品表示忧虑的原因：担心青少年模仿。思路很清晰。也正是在正文中cover the main points。但大概由于临场的因素，出现了一些浯法方面的错误，如：I'm afraid of that…，they are afraid of that…，虽然不影响理解，仍然是个遗憾。
演讲人将《麦田守望者》与郭敬明的作品相比较，为下文打下铺垫。用文学名著作为论证的材料，很有说服力。
But I would like to share some of my thoughts with you. Before I read the book of Mr. Guo Jingming's novel, I read another fiction called the Catcher the Rye. In that book, I also read sex, violence, murder, and rebellion. But that book was regarded as one of the masterpiece in American history and awarded the Pulitzer Prize. I could not see any difference between Mr. Guo Jingming's novel and The Cateber in the Rye, because they expressed the attitude as our teenagers and adolescents we feel about the world.
Now let me give you my three reasons, why we can read this kind of a book and f am not afraid of tile fears of the side effect. First, those literatures are not all bad. They have some positive points. They advocate friendship, love, loyalty, and so on. One of my roommates even cried after reading those books, He said that it is the first.., it was the first time in his life that he felt that a friendship was that precious, because the stories depicted in his novel, reflect him of the old times he spent in his high school. And he bought four books of Mr. Guo Jingming's Never Flowers in Never Dream (Meng Li Hua Luo Zhi Duo Shao) and sent them to his friends. And his friends wrote a long letter to him. I think this is what we lack today, the communication between friends. But the literature seems to bridge the gap.
本段从三个方面指出此类作品不会产生负面影响的原因。首先指出第一个作品本身亦有其可取之处。并以其宦友的亲身经历为例作出了令人信服的论证。这样就使演讲personalized，so that audience can relate more easily to personal topics—they probably have similar experiences．
And the second reason is that we are not living in a world where everything is depicted as good. We are living in a world of good and evil, evil and holy. So, to that extent, if I am confined in a world where everything is depicted as good, I will feel quite perplexed when I am facing the real world. Does the real world really resemble what I read in the novel? We need something positive, also we need something cynical.
And the third reason is that our generation, I believe, have the sense of self-discipline. We can make our own decision. For our parents, for our families and for the government, they should resume, assume the responsibility to remind us that what is good, what is bad, what is cynical Make our voice be heard. This is my answer and I am not afraid of tile side effects of those literature.
Thank you very much.
本段谈论演讲人的第二个观点：世界亦非完美无暇，文学就应该反应真实的世界。
最后一点原因：当代年轻人可以自律。至此就分别从文学作品、社会、个人三个方面透彻地阐释了演讲人的观点。也正是通过从不同角度的分析，使听众接受演讲人的观点。这一段中也出现了较为明显的问题。
Host: And, the topic for your speech will be... In spite of the fact that there is cutthroat competition within the film industry in China, there continues to be a steep increase in the number of applicants for places at Chinese art institutes. According to a Beiiing-based newspaper, more than ten thousand applicants waited in line on a single day to register to apply for the Beijing Film Academy. How do you perceive this struggle for stardom?
Thank you for the difficult question. Well, to be honest with you, I'm not really familiar with the struggle for stardom thing in China. But in the city where I come from, there is this also as cutthroat as the one in Beijing here competition going on, and perhaps I can share with you the experience we have there.
Let me tell you something. In the city where I come from, there is this famous singing competition going on every week. And what they do is that pick the best one, and the best one goes to the next week and it goes on and on until one day that person is eliminated.
开场白中difficult的使用充分显示了演讲人的机智。因为这与普通的接题方式Thank you for the question不同。演讲者是香港人，虽然她对主持人所问的内地的情况不甚了解，是一大劣势，但她却巧妙的地使用but转而谈到香港的情况；also的使用使演讲的主题不变。同时听众理解到演讲者要从另外一个角度解释同一个问题。这种角度的变换使演讲者的劣势变成了优势。听众既为其率真而打动，又为其智慧而折服。And there's this little five year old boy, and he has won five consecutive championships, and then, of course, there were interviews and the news coverage, and everything. And when the general public read the newspaper. They frown at it. They said, "what a silly idea, to think about becoming a star." And when Andy Lau -- I'm sure all of you blow him, tile famous singer and actor -- when he read the newspaper, he said, "Wow, that's great! But ask the boy to work hard. It's not easy."
这里演讲人以演唱比赛为切人点，以小男孩的参舞，点出了香港人对当明星十分热衷。以此呼应主持人提问。并且演讲人Support points with specifics．以典型的例子支持论点。明星刘德华在内地有很高的知名度，他的勤奋也是众所周知，以他的话为例，让人十分信服。本段对general public和Andy Lau不同态度的对比，可以引起听众的思考。对比之中必有抑扬，也让听众对下段演讲人过渡到自己的观点有了思想上的准备
Ladies and gentlemen, I think if we use the word "struggle", isn't it a bit too negative? I think better word for it is "strive." Being a star is also profession. It is also a job that you need to work hard at. Success does not come easy. Well, if we take a look at famous actors and actresses such as lackie Chart, Chow Yun Fat, Andy Lau, Tony Lun, they are all in their mid-forties, and even fifties. Yet, what do they have in common? When they first became..., when they first started their careers as a star, or as an actor, they were described as "Cinema Poison," meaning nobody would see their films. But did they give up? No, they didn't, they didn't give up. They have been working hard all the way. And now they are famous. All over the world. All over Asia. And are they proud of themselves? Well, I suppose so. But still they work very hard. Look at Andy Lau. He's still striving for the best all the time. Every year are awards.
本段中演讲人明确地提出了自己的观点。并且在临场仍然明确地区分struggle和strive，显示出演讲人深厚的语言功底。演讲人接着由例子过渡到谈话主题：当明星是一种职业，巧妙地把struggle的主题过渡到strive，进而谈到Being a star is also a profession．把不熟悉的主题struggle过渡到谈明星的成功这个比较熟悉的话题。这种演讲技巧十分重要，因为在短暂的几十秒钟内谈论一个十分陌生的话题，实在有难度，但是这位演讲者的巧妙过渡，既没有跑题，又谈了熟悉的话题，因此这种技巧值得学习。同时，本段列举众多内地观众十分熟悉地明星成名经历作为brief examples，做论据，支持自己的观点，使论据可靠而有力。这两句话Al lover the world．All over Asia．若能调换顺序，就更加顺畅
Ladies and gentlemen, I think there's nothing wrong if you want to be a star. It's a profession. It's a job that everybody can work for it if you really want it. But there are qualities that you need to possess if you want to be a star. Of Course you have to be hard-working, like Andy Lau, like Chow Yun Fat. They're all very hard-working
And there is also something very, important. It is you have to have a genuine interest in this film industry. This genuine interest is very important. Because a lot of people are interested in the money, instead of the job. They just look at the statistics, like just now I was waiting in my room and I was reading this news article, there's a chart telling the people how many...well, how much those stars in China are making, l/Veil, if you are only attracted by those statistics, by the figures, the money, well, then, I do not think you can be a star. There are people who have a genuine interest in becoming a singer, like there are people who have been taking acting classes, who have been acting in secondary schools, in college like that. They have a genuine interest. Yet, then go for it.
本段讨论了成为明星的第三个素质：感兴趣[genuine Interest]，并且列举了生活中的一些实例[people only interested in money rather than film industry)来论证自己的观点。这样在立论的同时也驳斥了为金钱而当明星的错误观点。有立有废，论证严谨
Ladies and gentlemen, well, I think the competition is also good. When there's a competition, we can ensure the quality. When there's no competition, well, we have to have whatever is given to us. When there's competition, we can pick what we want. Isn't that something good?
Ladies and gentlemen, it is what I think for that struggle for stardomThank you very much.
结论部分是one—sentence review of the points she presented in her talk．由“为当明星而打拼”引申到一般意义上的竞争，既紧扣主题，又加以升华。以一个反问句Isn't it something good?结尾，进一步强化了演讲人的观点。这样的结尾达到了short and to the point的效果。通过Ladies and gentlemen提示听众演讲接近尾声，重提主持人的问题，以告知听众她一直围绕这个主题展开演讲，给听众一个完整的结尾。
本篇是获得第10届“21世纪·外教社杯”全国英语演讲比赛季军的香港选手张阿旭的即兴演讲。演讲充分显示了演讲人的机敏、临场应变能力和扎实的语言功底。通篇逻辑十分的清晰，而且演讲人娓娓道来，丝毫没有演讲的做作，却又极富感染力。在即兴演讲这一部分，本篇演讲人明显高人一筹。据演讲者本人介绍，这与她所在的学校要求学生做很多即兴的presentationn
即兴演讲（impromptu speech），顾名思义，就是指临场的、毫无准备的演讲。在前面所提到的两大比赛中，即兴演讲所占时间为1~3分钟，分值所占比重为30%~40%，在比赛中的地位十分重要。如果参赛选手想要取得优秀的成绩，那么就一定要在该部分取得高分。
即兴演讲对于使用母语演讲的人来说都非常困难，更何况是使用非母语演讲的选手？这部分非常具有挑战性，主要考察选手多方面能力：思维能力、逻辑能力和语言能力。思维能力是指选手在毫无准备的情况下对某一问题的分析能力，对问题理解的深度和宽度等；逻辑能力主要指选手是否有全局观，是否能合理搭筑整个演讲的框架，所阐述观点的层次性是否清晰；而语言能力则是指选手即席用英语进行交流沟通的能力，可检验选手的英语语言熟练度和准确度如何。那么如何应对即兴演讲呢？
在定题演讲部分，我们讨论了衡量一篇演讲好坏的普遍原则。这些原则对所有类型的演讲都适用，即兴演讲也不例外。在做即兴演讲时，也要从以下四个方面着手：内容、结构、语言以及台上演讲风格等。
内容在讨论即兴演讲的内容之前，先了解几个在近几年大赛即兴演讲中出现的题目。
Is marking western holidays a sign of a modern China or of traditions sacrificed to commercial interests
Do you think university education should be more open-minded?
Are we becoming too susceptible to advertising?
Which qualities do you look for in a boyfriend?
If you were one representative of Peoples Congress, what advice would you give the government?
题目还有很多，这里就不一一列举了。通过这几个题目，大致可以看出即兴演讲的题目涉及方方面面，从经济、政治、教育、文化、人生到国际问题，包罗万象。这也是即兴演讲具有极强挑战性的原因之一。题目的范围之大之广对参赛选手提出了很高的要求。要求演讲者平时养成读书看报的习惯，关注周围发生的焦点问题和国际时事，积累各个领域的素材，以便谈论起某一个话题时言之有物，有的放矢；要求演讲者平时养成思考的习惯，多听不同的声音，从不同角度看问题，看问题有想法、有深度。这些都是赛前的准备工作，应多积累、丰富自己的知识内容，强化自己的观点。
那么在比赛当中，又该怎样具体应对呢？
正如前面所讲的，好的内容包括好的主题以及有说服力的材料做支持。在即兴演讲中，更要注意这两点。
1．强有力的材料做支持
正如前面讨论过的那样，论据的类型最基本可分为三种：实例、统计数字以及引用别人的言语。对于即兴演讲来说，现场能够找到恰当的统计数字是非常困难的。因此在即兴演讲时，引用别人的言语和用实例来证明是最常见的两种方式。那么应该选择哪种类型的例子来做论据呢？在比赛现场上进行即兴演讲时，最切实可行的、最容易做到的就是用自己或自己周围发生的例子来说明你的观点，信手拈来，不用绞尽脑汁，演讲起来最自如，最自信；这样做无形之中也强化了自己的可信度，比较容易打动听众。如在“21世纪(爱立信杯”2003年第8届全国英语演讲比赛中获得第二名的南京大学学生王媛在即兴演讲中是这样说的，
"If indeed I had a chance to choose for my life again, I think the time setting I would choose is in the late 1970s and the early 1980s. That was when the Chinese government began to adopt the policy of reform and openness. And the place setting I would choose is in some places in the western part of China. Why? Let me share with you my reasons.
Well, when I firstly saw this, errr, heard this topic, I think it reminded me of an experience a few years ago. I still clearly remember that, uhh, at that time, some fellow students and I went to visit a primary school in a very poor village and we were working as tutors there. There, all the classrooms were in a very old building and many windows and doors were broken, so, when it was raining, all the children had to move to a corner in order not to get wet. Inside the classroom, five
to six children were sharing one desk normally shared by two and many of the desks and chairs were broken, too.
And immediately after we began to teach them English, it became very clear to us that many of these students were very diligent and were very willing to work hard. But later on, as we talked among ourselves, we got to know that they, many of them, could not finish their schooling just because of poverty. I think that this experience enabled us to see that we belong to a few group of, a group of few people that are fortunately enough to receive a college education."
这段演讲是她真情实感的流露，表达起来自如，而且自信，也容易和听众进行真正的交流。
在选择使用论据时，尤其是在竞赛当中，需要特别注意以下两个原则
（1）演讲的支持材料要切题。
所选择的支持材料要为你的中心观点或主题服务，不能偏离这一点，不能跑题。记得一个学生在参加比赛时，抽到的即兴演讲题目是，“中国成为世界贸易组织的成员对于我们国家有什么主要影响？”她在演讲中讲了一个很长的故事，一个年轻人在海边拾贝壳，碰到了一个老人，以及和这个老人之间展开的对话。这个故事占了整个演讲的三分之二，然后很牵强地把这个故事和她抽到的题目联系在一起。尽管她的故事叙述得很流利，但在整个即兴演讲结束后，听众仍然不知她对这个问题的回答是什么？很显然，演讲者在赛前准备了几个故事，准备在即兴演讲时使用。的确，在赛前要做充分的准备，准备各个领域的数据、例子、权威专家的话等，做好充分的调研，以便在比赛中游刃有余。但切记你所选择的支持材料一定要与主题相关，为主题服务，能够帮助听众更加深入地了解你的观点，决不能哗众取宠。不切题的即兴演讲绝不会得高分。
（2）演讲的支持材料要贴近听众。
演讲的支持材料最好是听众熟悉的，贴近听众，不仅有利于听众理解、接受和吸收你的信息，而且容易产生共鸣。笔者作为辅导教师参加过多次的全国英语演讲比赛，在比赛中发现了一个很奇怪的现象。有很多学生举例子或引用别人的话时，往往愿意用国外的例子或国外名人说的话来支持他们的论点。学生也许有些许担心，“如果用土生土长的例子，外国评委可能会不知道，不了解背景，会影响他们对整个演讲的评判。”然而在一次比赛中，一位来自美国的演讲专家在做点评时说到，“不用担心我们会不了解，或听不懂。问题是作为一个外国人，我们在这里希望听到有关你们国家的人、事、思想、文化，而不是我们国家的名人如林肯、克林顿，他们说了什么，干了什么。”他一语道破了问题的关键，演讲者所说的要和你的听众拉近距离，讲一些本地发生的事情，发生的事情对听众产生了什么样的影响，用当地的文化、理念来解释你的观点，这样更容易在听众中产生共鸣。但并不是说就一定不能用国外的例子或观点。要全方位地选择论据，选择恰当的材料为你的观点服务。
在“21世纪(澳门之星杯”2006年第11届全国英语演讲比赛中复旦大学的胡懿在即兴演讲（Should laws be fixed or flexible?）中是这样说的，
"Well, actually, very accidentally this morning, when we were sort of "imprisoned" in that preparing room, actually we had a fierce debate over law. And now I would like to share some of my thoughts with you on whether we should adopt flexible laws or fixed laws.
Well, first of all, I admit that there are some cases of injustice in our society. For example, last year there was a famous case of Wang Bingyu, which aroused a great controversy in society. Actually Wang Bingyu was a migrant worker, who failed for several times to get his payment from his boss. And obviously that boss treated him very badly. He didnt send him to hospital when he was ill, and he didnt treat him with very good food and also made him make, do extra work without any extra money. And out of a rage, Wang killed several of the, several people in charge, out of a great rage. And that case aroused a great controversy in society. Actually when I read the story, I did show some sympathy for that guy, because I think it was the fault of the boss in the first place. It was him that didnt pay him the payment that he deserved. So I feel sympathetic for him."
她讲述了一个在我国曾经轰动一时的案例，台下的听众可能听说过，也可能不知道这个故事，但这毕竟是发生在听众周围的，贴近听众，这样听众便会很容易理解演讲者所要传达的信息。
在一分钟的即兴演讲中，你用具体的事例来仔细阐述观点的时间可能非常受限。在这一分钟之内，你很可能只给出主要观点的框架，那么要想真正打动听众恐怕要依赖于主题和观点到底如何。
2．好的主题与观点
在前面谈过选择题目或角度时应遵循的一些具体原则，如：题目和角度一定是你有切身感触的；应该具有创造性，是听众感兴趣的；应该具体；应真实而有意义；所选择的观点或角度一定能经得起推敲和琢磨，是全面的。除了这些基本原则外，在比赛过程中处理即兴演讲时，还应该特别强调两点：切题和严谨。
（1）切题
切题最重要。一般而言，选手拿到的题目都是以问题的形式出现的。你需要表明在这个问题上的立场和观点，决不可以含糊其词，态度闪烁不定，站在中间，既谈好处又谈弊端。如果坚持这样，那么评委和听众就会认为你是在逃避，你的观点不明确，态度不明朗，那也就很难胜出。这点在CCTV杯演讲比赛中尤其重要，因为即兴演讲是为以后的辩论做准备。例如在2005年CCTV杯演讲比赛中，一位学生抽到的题目是, “Who should be the focus of investment in sports, the general population or potential Olympic champions?”当时他的回答是不偏不倚的，很显然二者都应该被照顾到，给予资金的扶持。但问题是，在这种情况下，他必须要做出选择，而不能徘徊于两者之间。否则，评委和听众就会怀疑你的态度和出发点，演讲效果自然也就大打折扣。
（2）观点的严谨性
观点不能偏激，一定要严谨。这里的严谨有以下几层意思。
* 观点本身能够站得住脚，有充足的材料可以说明论证。
* 表达观点的语言本身要严谨，准确，尽量避免绝对化的字眼，如“never, every, all, nothing, nobody“等，这些绝对化判断太容易遭到攻击。
* 观点需要限制和修饰。要用发展性的眼光来处理你的观点。以上面那个题目来为例，如果既有大量资金扶持运动员又能让普通群众受益，那是最好的，但这是一种理想的画面。现实往往和理想有一段距离，现阶段没有足够的资金平衡二者的利益，答案又是什么呢？你可以有自己的看法和答案，但一定要有充足的论据支持。请注意：刚才我使用了现阶段三个字。这就意味着是用发展的眼光来看到问题，不仅要看到事物的现阶段，也要看到将来发展的方向——也就是期望得到的理想状态，即两类人群都会受益。
* 承认你的观点有修正和完善的余地。你的观点可能只是你目前认识的一个方面，或者是现阶段你的一种想法，它仍然有完善的余地
美国公共演讲专家理查德为我们归纳了一个即兴演讲的“精选结构模式”，比较实用。他劝演讲者以这样四句话作为提示信号：
喂，请注意！（一开头就以“耸人听闻”的悬念激起听众的注意）
为什么要费口舌？（以警醒的议论“勾”住听众的感知兴趣）
举出典型的例子。（形象化地将自己的观点印入听众的脑海）
怎么办？（说明应该怎么做，满足听众的诠释期待）
The impromptu speech is unexpected and thus delivered without preparation. Some impromptu speeches are special occasion or courtesy speeches such as welcomes, Introductions and acknowledgments。.As this style of speech usually takes you by surprise, it is important to think clearly, analyze the situation quickly and speak briefly and to the point. As you talk, use the following order of presentation:
Clearly indicate the reason for the speech
Say why it is important to the organization or audience（你从即兴演讲开始就要直入主题，少说废话）
Conclude with some of the characteristics of the individual or organization receiving the recognition.
A successful formula used by many speakers for an impromptu speech is the PREP formula
P stands for main point （第一步先明确观点，你同意还是不同意，支持是否；典型句型有：I don't agree with the topic （重复题目）比如2006年清华大学曹峰的即兴演讲就是这样开始的）
R stands for the reason （推理自己观点的正确性，环环相扣）
E stands for the example （举例，举例是要求具体实例，不能假如问句，即使有问句，也是修辞的需要；你的例子必须通俗易懂，里面不能有生词，如果有，要解释这个生词，然后再继续你的例子）
P stands for restating the main point （首尾呼应，重新阐述自己的观点）
A speaker following this formula would start with the main point and then state the reason for talking to that point-for example, a long-standing commitment to an environment issue:
State the reason clearly. Follow with an example to illustrate the main point, to draw the picture and involve the audience.
Examples that add interest may come from your own experience, a friend's experience or a past experience common to the group.
（你在论证环节中的例子必须让观众听懂，不能有生词；如果有引用页要采取下列模板：
Benjamin Franklin人名+american inventor and politician人的背景+once said）
Alternatively, you may use statistics or a relevant quotation. Conclude by restating the main point in different words.
即兴演讲题目大全 1、曾经有这样一首小诗，饶有趣味： 你不可以左右天气，但你可以改变心情； 你不可以事事顺利，但你可以事事尽力； 你不可以改变不公，但你可以展现笑容； 你不可以预知明天，但你可以把握今天。 细心品味这首诗，然后针对此诗，自定主题，即兴演讲。 2、请根据“没有比人更高的山”这句话，自定主题， 即兴演讲。 3. 你心中对“朋友”的定义是什么？请围绕朋友这一主 题即兴演讲。 4、有人认为：青春像一座山背负一路感伤；郭敬明也曾说：青春是道明媚的忧伤。请围绕“青春”这一主题，即 兴演讲。 5、清晨-微风-草坪（展校园一景：柳条依依，绿草青青）注：（1）以上给出的词为即兴演讲的主题关键词；（2）括号内给出的是参考演讲方向，便于各位选手更好理解主题关键词，并非要求。 6、责任-义务-自豪感（使命感，主人翁精神） 7、请您以“人生处处是考场”为话题进行演讲。 8、寻找幸福的人，有两类。 一类像在登山，他们以为人生最大的幸福在山顶，于是 气喘吁吁、穷尽一生去攀登。另一类也像在登山，但他们并不刻意登到哪里。一路上走走停停，看看山岚、赏赏虹霓、吹吹清风，心灵在放松中得到某种满足。尽管不得大愉悦，然而，这些琐碎而细微的小自在，萦绕于心扉，一样芬芳身 心、恬静自我。 请以“站在烦恼里仰望幸福”为话题演讲。 8、有位哲人说：“真正让我疲惫的，不是遥远的路途；而是鞋子里的一颗沙。”体会其中的深意，并以此为话题演 讲。 9、张爱玲女士曾经说过这样一句话：“对于三十岁以后的人来说，十年八年不过是指缝间的事；而对于年轻人而言，三年五年就可以是一生一世。”（选自《十八春》）请以此为话题进行演讲。 9、人生的道路上，处处可能遇上不可磨灭的创伤。有句话却说：“每一种创伤，都是一种成熟。”您同意这种说法 么？说说你的看法。 10、“不凡是瞬间的风景，平凡是永恒的罗兰。”谈谈你对这句话的理解，若要你选择，你会选择瞬间的风景还是永 恒的罗兰？ 11、曾经有这样一首小诗，饶有趣味： 你不可以左右天气，但你可以改变心情； 你不可以事事顺利，但你可以事事尽力； 你不可以改变不公，但你可以展现笑容； 你不可以与之明天，但你可以把握今天。 细心品味这首诗，然后针对此诗谈谈你的看法。
1、曾经有这样一首小诗，饶有趣味： 你不可以左右天气，但你可以改变心情； 你不可以事事顺利，但你可以事事尽力； 你不可以改变不公，但你可以展现笑容； 你不可以预知明天，但你可以把握今天。 细心品味这首诗，然后针对此诗，自定主题，即兴演讲。 2、请根据“没有比人更高的山”这句话，自定主题，即兴演讲。 3. 你心中对“朋友”的定义是什么？请围绕朋友这一主题即兴演讲。 4、有人认为：青春像一座山背负一路感伤；郭敬明也曾说：青春是道明媚的忧伤。请围绕“青春”这一主题，即兴演讲。 5、清晨-微风-草坪（展校园一景：柳条依依，绿草青青）注：（1）以上给出的词为即兴演讲的主题关键词；（2）括号内给出的是参考演讲方向，便于各位选手更好理解主题关键词，并非要求。 6、责任-义务-自豪感（使命感，主人翁精神） 7、请您以“人生处处是考场”为话题进行演讲。 、寻找幸福的人，有两类。 一类像在登山，他们以为人生最大的幸福在山顶，于是 气喘吁吁、穷尽一生去攀登。另一类也像在登山，但他们并不刻意登到哪里。一路上走走停停，看看山岚、赏赏虹霓、吹吹清风，心灵在放松中得到某种满足。尽管不得大愉悦，然而，这些琐碎而细微的小自在，萦绕于心扉，一样芬芳身心、恬静自我。 、有位哲人说：“真正让我疲惫的，不是遥远的路途；而是鞋子里的一颗沙。”体会其中的深意，并以此为话题演 讲。 9、张爱玲女士曾经说过这样一句话：“对于三十岁以后的人来说，十年八年不过是指缝间的事；而对于年轻人而言，三年五年就可以是一生一世。”（选自《十八春》）请以此为话题进行演讲。
1 、“不凡是瞬间的风景，平凡是永恒的罗兰。”谈谈你对这句话的理解，若要你选择，你会选择瞬间的风景还是永 恒的罗兰？ 11、曾经有这样一首小诗，饶有趣味： 你不可以左右天气，但你可以改变心情； 你不可以事事顺利，但你可以事事尽力； 你不可以改变不公，但你可以展现笑容； 你不可以与之明天，但你可以把握今天。 细心品味这首诗，然后针对此诗谈谈你的看法。 12、现在我们所看的每场晚会都经历过了精心的彩排。然而人生却没有彩排，每天都是现场直播。请说说你对这句 话的理解。 13、请谈一谈对“没有比人更高的山”这句话的理解。 14、常有人说：单独思考往往会创造奇迹。请针对“智 慧总是在孤独中生根”这句话，谈谈你的见解。 15、“幸福，不是长生不老，不是大鱼大肉，不是权倾朝野。幸福是每一个微小的生活愿望达成。当你想吃的时候有得吃，想被爱的时候有人来爱你。”请以此为话题演讲。 16、人生中处处可以遇到值得我们感恩的人。里根在婚礼上的发言说了这样一句话：“上帝把南希赐予我，就足以让我毕生感激。”请以“感恩”为话题，以一个或多个具体的例子，阐述你对感恩的看法。 17、请以“生命中的空白”为话题演讲。 1 、生活里人们往往力求改变，以让人生向自己的目标更加靠近。“大多数人想要改变这个世界，但罕见有人想改造自己。”请以此为话题演讲。 19、但丁说：走自己的路，让别人说去吧。但现实中也存在着很多需要察纳雅言，虚心接受别人意见的时候。请说说你的看法。 2 、有人认为：青春像一座山背负一路感伤；郭敬明也曾说：青春是道明媚的忧伤。你
英语即兴演讲稿（带翻译）3分钟3篇 英语即兴演讲稿（带翻译）3分钟篇1 My Definition of Success By Bao Jinlong(鲍金龙) It is easy to describe success in terms of money,fame and reputation. But I believe that success is not external.I believe that success comes from within.My definition of success is to be true to yourself,and be true to others.That means,that you must cherish your personal ideal even in the face of adversity.I also believe that success is not discriminatory. Success is not restricted to such a class of people,in fact,it may be achieved by any person irrespective of his race,creed,gender and economic background.A good example of success is that of Beethoven.He is one of the world's most famous composers,yet he was deaf.He could not hear the majestic pieces of music that he created.Yet,in the face of this adversity,he was able to maintain his ideals--that of composing music. To exemplify what success means to me,I pose a question to all of you.What brings us together here today?I believe that it is the beauty of the spoken word.The effect of pause and the sound of rhetoric are unique to the spoken word.I believe the beauty of the spoken word is even stronger for those who have difficulty in expressing themselves. These people are reclusive and had their emotions hidden within them. I once went to Australia and I saw two pictures,Once was drawn by a normal child,the other was drawn by a child with social inhibitions.The picture drawn by the normal child was simple and plain.The other was life-like,
Impromptu Speech Topics Quick Idea for Oral Presentations You are an ant. Convince an anteater to not eat you. Tell us about a nickname you have and how you got it. Convince us to vote for you as president of the USA. Explain three uses for a pencil besides for writing. Read us a letter you might write home when you are staying at a circus training summer camp. Tell us about your summer plans. Convince us that homework is harmful to your health. Tell us about your favorite pet and why it should win the Greatest Pet Ever award. If you were an animal, what would you be? You are a salesperson trying to sell us the shirt you have on. Explain how a smart person might not be wise. If you were the teacher, how would our class be different? Tell us about the hardest thing you have ever done. You are a mad scientist. Tell us about your latest invention. You are a famous sports player. Describe your best moment of a game. You are a famous rock star. Explain what the lyrics of your latest hit song mean. Tell us about the best job. Explain the benefits of drinking milk. Tell us how to become a millionaire. Tell us about the best dream you've ever had.
即兴演讲题目大全 篇一：即兴演讲题目汇总 （五）即兴讲话的标准 即兴讲话是临场之作,不宜过长,切忌繁杂,防止罗嗦。即兴讲话应符合以下标准： 思维敏捷,反映迅速。立意明确,内容集中。条理分明,逻辑严密。语势连贯,跌宕起伏。用语规范,贴切易懂。适切语境,话语得体。生动优美,诙谐幽默。把握时机,灵活善变。（六）即兴讲话的思维 口语表达是思维的外化和工具。思维是语言的内容,没有思维就没有语言。语言表达过程,实际上就是把思维结果表达出来的过程,说话的过程就是从内部言语向外部言语转化的过程。考虑话该怎么讲,是一种思维活动,尤其是即兴讲话,是一个激烈的思维过程。它经过思想—句子—词汇—语音的快捷转换过程。这个过程是完整的,如果任何一个环节出了问题,都会影响语言表达能力。思维训练一般有三种方法： 1．定向思维训练法。是按常规恒定思维的模式。这种思维可以培养我们深入思考的能力,有助于养成深入分析问题,透过现象看本质的良好习惯。 2．逆向思维训练法。是反过来想一想,变肯定为否定,变否定为肯定,变正面为反面,变反面为正面。这种思维方式具有独立发表见解的特点。 3．联想思维训练法。是由一事物想到它事物的训练方法。其特点是一闻知十,触类旁通,使即兴讲话具有流畅性与变通性。（八）即兴
讲话的障碍 即兴讲话最大的障碍不是听众,而是自己。缺乏自信心是即兴讲话的最大障碍。为此,要从以下三个方面做好清障工作。 1．积累知识,提高文化素养。“知识就是力量”,只有用知识武装自己,讲起话来才能镇定自如,侃侃而谈。 2．大胆交往,学习他人语言。要大胆地与周围人、社会人、各阶层人接触,并主动地进行对话,从中汲取口才营养,学习讲话技巧。 3．自我调节,增强自信心理。凡是有发言的机会,首先要调节好心理,要敢于说话,不要怕,不要躲躲闪闪,更不要说一些“我不会说,说得不好”等“丧气”话,越是这样,越不敢说话。这样容易给人留下哼哼唧唧,唯唯诺诺的印象。（九）即兴讲话的禁忌 讲话时,变调失真打官枪,是普遍厌烦的事情。只有使用自然的声音讲话,才能真正打动人。同时语言表达要简单清晰,切忌罗嗦。否则会失去听众。生活中有哪些讲话容易引起人的反感呢？心理学家归纳为十二种： 1．抱怨自己的命运,或夸耀个人的成就;2．喜欢扮演心理分析家,对任何人的言行都要评头论足;3．自我膨胀,夸夸其谈;4．拒绝尝试新事物,不肯听取别人意见;5．言谈冷淡,缺乏真诚热情;6．过分取悦或阿谀奉承别人;7．毫无主见,人云亦云;8．视自己为焦点人物,一副“舍我其谁”的狂妄姿态;9．言谈时态度暧昧,模棱两可;10．言词逞强,喜欢咬文嚼字;11．经常打断别人话题,影响他人说话兴趣;12．过渡谦虚,恭维别人。（十）即兴讲话的要求
即兴英语演讲欣赏(精选多篇) 第一篇：即兴英语演讲欣赏第二篇：即兴英语演讲欣赏:妇女能顶半边天第三篇：英语即兴演讲题目第四篇：英语即兴演讲第五篇：英语即兴演讲问题更多相关范文 @impromptu speech 即兴演讲欣赏 *the mirror and i #我和镜子 i like to look into the mirror. i remember when i was a little girl, i often stood on my toes, trying to find my face in the mirror of the dressing table, which was nearly as high as i was. now i still like to look into the mirror. only now, the dressing table is too low for me. as i bend down, i see the face of a young woman, glowing with maturity, confident in her future and fascinated with her own reflection. the fact that i like to look into the mirror has to do with my granny with whom i spent most of my childhood. i remember clearly that one night i heard her murmuring, "women can't be seen. women can't be seen." i was so confused as to look into the mirror the next morning to check if i could indeed see myself. only now as a young woman myself, can i understand that it was not physical visibility that granny had on her mind.
英语即兴演讲万能素材 【篇一：英语演讲比赛即兴演讲最佳模版】 英语演讲比赛即兴演讲最佳模版 education should be equally devoted to eiching the personal lives of students and to training students to be productive workers. 教育应该平衡的一方面丰富学生的个人生活，一方面把学生培养成训练有素的工作者。 in my view, preparing students for the mundane aspects of work should be secondary to providing a broader education that equips students with historical and cultural perspective, as well as thoughtful and principled personal value systems and priorities. 1.one reason why educators should emphasize personal eichment over job preparation is that rote technical knowledge and skill do not help a student determine which goals in life are worthwhile and whether the means of attaining those goals are ethically or morally acceptable. 2.another reason why educators should emphasize personal eichment over job preparation is that specific knowledge and skills needed for jobs are changing more and more quickly. 3.a third reason why educators should emphasize personally eiching course work—particularly anthropology, sociology, history, and political philosophy—is that these courses help students understand, appreciate and respect other people and their viewpoints.
第12届“外研社杯”全国大学生英语演讲大赛江西赛区即兴演讲话题 1.it is great to be great, but it is greater to be human. ----------rogers 2.failure is a man who has blundered, but is not able to cash in on the experience. ----------elbert green hubbard 3.no man is enough rich to buy back his past. ----------wilde 4.behavior is a mirror in which everyone shows his image. ----------goethe 5.character is what you are in the dark.. ----------moody 6.if you would be loved; love and be loved. ----------franklin ----------bacon 8. laughter is the shortest distance between two people. ----------borge 9. it is no use doing what you like, you have got to like what you do. ----------churchill 10. to go for great goals, you have to start from minor ones. ----------sukhomlinsky 11. the shortest way to do many things is to do one thing at a time. ----------smiles 12. education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire. ----------yeats 13. the world is a ladder for some to go up and others to go down. ----------anonymous 14. all the advantages isn’t in running fast, but rather in getting an early start. ----------rabelais 15. happiness, l have discovered, is nearly always a rebound from hard work. ----------grayson 16. the farther a man knows himself to be from perfection, the nearer he is to it. -----------groote 17. a mother is not a person to lean on but a person to make leaning unnecessary. ----------fisher 18. the more things a man is ashamed of, the more respectable he is. 19. we must be prepared to displease the dearest ones for the sake of principle.. ----------gandhi
教师即兴演讲题目 通过即兴演讲，既能锻练知识运用能力、随机应变能力和语言组织能力，也能发现在学习、生活、工作过程中的许多不足，从而为更好、更从容的走向讲台，提高自身的竞争能力打下良好的基础。 【题目1】我的水果人生 【核心提示】不经意间，读到这样一段文字：如果用一种水果比喻我的话，我选择香蕉。它的体形像我175cm的个头，它的金黄色外衣好比我要追求的高贵气质。香蕉富含维生素ABCE和葡萄糖就像我多重的性格。它易腐如同我必须经常更换我的短期目标或者说是我的敏感，它易腻如同我很难把自己变成深邃的海洋而只是一眼见底的溪流。请以“我的水果人生”为题作即兴演讲。（准备时间：3分钟） 【题目2】也谈内心和谐 【核心提示】都说犹太人是世界上是最聪明的人，他们说：卖豆子的人最快乐，因为他们永远不担心豆子卖不出去。豆子卖不出去磨成豆浆可能卖，豆浆卖不了就制成豆腐，豆腐卖不了就制成豆腐干，再卖不了就腌豆腐乳；或者用豆子发豆芽，豆芽长大成豆苗……看卖豆子人豁达、乐观，遇事总是以积极的心态对待，这样才能达到真正的内心和谐！请以“也谈内心和谐”为题作即兴演讲。（准备时间：3分钟） 【题目3】没有比人更高的山 【核心提示】山高人为峰。当我们经过奋勇攀登，站在高山之巅时，一座新的山峰拔地而起，一个新的高度应运而生。这个高度等于山峰原本的海拔，加上人类的身高，这座新的山峰注定要比曾经的山峰更加巍峨！山峰化作人脚下的根基。人的高度决定了山峰新的高度，这一刻，人比山更高！山峰是基石，是成功必需的客观条件，个人的努力才是决定结果的根本因素。没有辛苦付出，人类永远不可能战胜艰难险阻；只要勤奋努力，我们一定能征服任何一座高山，战胜任何一次挑战。大步向前，万里关山只等闲。请以“没有比人更高的山”为题作即兴演讲。（准备时间：3分钟）
英语即兴演讲的技巧 英语即兴演讲的技巧 1.做好演讲的准备 包括了解听众，熟悉主题和内容，搜集素材和资料，准备演讲稿，作适当的演练等。 2.选择优秀的演讲者 优秀的演讲者包括下述条件： (1)足够的权威性; (2)演讲者具有较强的语音能力和技巧： (3)演讲者的热情; (4)演讲者的理智与智慧; (5)演讲者的仪表状态 3.运用演讲艺术 包括开场白的艺术，结尾的艺术，立论的艺术，举 例的艺术，反驳的艺术，幽默的艺术，鼓动的艺术，语 音的艺术，表情动作的艺术等等，通过运用各种演讲艺术，使演讲具备两种力量：逻辑的力量和艺术的力量。 4.何谓善用空间的演讲 所谓空间就是指进行演说的场所范围、演讲者所在 之处以及与听众间的距离等等。演说者所在之处以位居 听众注意力容易汇集的地方最为理想。例如开会的时候、
主席多半位居会议桌的上方、因为该处正是最容易汇集 出席者注意力的地方。 反之，如果主席位居会议桌之正中央，则会议的进 行情况会变如何呢?恐怕会使出席者注意力散漫了，且有会议冗长不休的感觉?因此，让自己位居听众注意力容易汇集之处，不但能够提升听众对于演讲的关注，甚至具 有增强演说者信赖度权威感的效果。 5.演讲时的姿势如何 演说时的姿势(posture)也会带给听众某种印象，例如堂堂正正的印象或者畏畏缩缩的印象。虽然个人的性 格与平日的习惯对此影响颇巨，不过一般而言仍有方便 演讲的姿势，即所谓“轻松的姿势”。要让身体放松， 反过来说就是不要过度紧张。过度的紧张不但会表现出 笨拙僵硬的姿势，而且对于舌头的动作也会造成不良的 影响。 决窍之一是张开双脚与肩同宽，挺稳整个身躯。另 一个决窍是想办法扩散并减轻施加在身体上的紧张情绪。例如将一只手稍微插入口袋中，或者手触桌边、或者手 握麦克风等等。 6.演讲时的视线 在大众面前说话，亦即表示必须忍受众目睽睽的注视。当然，并非每位听众都会对你报以善意的眼光。尽
英语演讲比赛中即兴演讲题目（2006-2009） (2010-04-23 16:32:57) 转载 标签： 分类：英语收集 英语演讲比赛 即兴演讲题目 （2006-2009） 教育 (分类:#Oral English) 1. Now in the age of the Internet, reading books does not seem as important as it once was. Do you think people can learn as much on the Internet as they can by reading books? Which method do you prefer? 2. It's been said that technology creates more problems than it solves and may threaten or damage the quality of life. Is this statement reasonable? What problems does technology bring us? Use specific examples in your answer, please. 3. Literature is a significant part of human culture and some say it can help form aesthetic taste. However, is it necessary for everyone to read poetry, novels, and other types of imaginative literature? 4. Many people know how to attain success, but few know how to make the best use of it when it comes. So how do you define success and how would you make the best use of it? 5. Do you agree that the people who make important contributions to society are generally not those who develop their own new ideas, but those who are most gifted at perceiving and coordinating the talents and skills of others And please give examples to illustrate your views. 6. Most people agree that buildings represent a valuable record of the past for any society, but controversy arises when old buildings stand on ground which modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes. In such situations, should modern development be given precedence over the preservation of historic buildings so that contemporary needs can be served?
精品文档 1.now in the age of the internet, reading books does not seem as important as it once was. do you think people can learn as much on the internet as they can by reading books? which method do you prefer? 2.its been said that technology creates more problems than it solves and may threaten or damage the quality of life. is this statement reasonable? what problems does technology bring us? use specific examples in your answer, please. 3. literature is a significant part of human culture and some say it can help form aesthetic taste. however, is it necessary for everyone to read poetry, novels, and other types of imaginative literature? 5. do you agree that the people who make important contributions to society are generally not those who develop their own new ideas, but those who are most gifted at perceiving and coordinating the talents and skills of others and please give examples to illustrate your views. 6. most people agree that buildings represent a valuable record of the past for any society, but controversy arises when old buildings stand on ground which modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes. in such situations, should modern development be given precedence over the preservation of historic buildings so that contemporary needs can be served? 7.it is often asserted that the purpose of education is to free the mind and the spirit.however, formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free. do you think university education should be more open-minded and free? and what aspect of your university life should be improved? 9.strict laws are important for the security of our society, but there are many cases of injustice based on rigid laws. should laws be fixed or flexible? please explain your vies with examples. 11.which qualities do you look for in a boyfriend/girlfriend? 12.what would be your major consideration in choosing a job and why? 13. what is more important in your career, to make money or to be satisfied with your work? 14. which is more important for you: knowledge from books or personal experience: 15.if you could live in a different time and place, what time and place would you choose? 16. what is your view on public displays of affection such as kissing on campus? 18. do you think married couples have a better life without children? 20.could you please tell us, in your opinion, what makes life worthwhile? 21.are we allowing the internet to intrude too far into our private lives? 22.do we need so many television channels? 23.is it time to scrap the may and october golden week holidays? 27.do you think people today are any closer to achieving a peaceful and harmonious future or harmonious world than confucius, who lived 2000 years ago? 28.should bargaining be outlawed and traders be required to advertise a fixed price for what they sell? 29. should it be left to university students to balance their private lives and their studies? 30.can the sacrifice of modesty in the interests of achieving success be justified
竭诚为您提供优质文档/双击可除有关即兴演讲的主题有哪些? 篇一：即兴演讲题目 即兴演讲练习题目： 1.生活富裕了是否还需要节俭 2.谈谈雷锋精神 3.自然就是美 4.公民素质与社会道德 5.身体健康与心理健康 6.你如何理解“压力就是动力” 7.时间能改变一切 8.律人不如律己 9.争当主角10.细节决定成败11.谈谈你对诚信的看法12.你如何看待拾金不昧13.当机遇来临时，你是否有能力把握 14.在银行等公共场合都设置了“一米线”来规范秩序，但一些人并不能很好地遵守，对此你有什么看法 15.你如何理解“世界上最美丽的语言是微笑” 16.你如何理解“态度决定一切”17.你认为企业用人应该以才为先还是以德为先 18.我们应该怎样杜绝盗版19.谈谈你的财富观20.谈谈拜金主义的危害 21.“金钱不是万能的，没有金钱是万万不能的”这种说法是否正确22.请谈谈怎样解决城市交通阻塞问题
23.假如你是班长24.竞争与合作哪个更重要 25.打假主要靠消费者还是靠执法者 26.一次非同寻常的考试27.个人能力与团体合作28.如何看待欺骗29.昨天·今天·明天30.学会放弃31.你如何看待承诺32.假如你有一百万33.拒绝诱惑34.生活需要经常清点35.简单与精彩 36.现代社会文才与口才哪个重要 37.谈谈你对节约的看法 38.我所了解的鲁迅 39.语文学习有没有窍门 40.由朋友而想到人际关系 1.幸福是什么 2.谈谈你对成人与成才的看法 3.你怎样看待时间与生命 4.谈谈你对自信与自负的理解 5.谈谈你对网恋的看法 6.谈谈你对早恋的看法 7.你对代沟怎么看 8.你怎样理解“大爱无言”9.你如何理解“慈母手中线，游子身上衣” 10.你最想感谢的一个人11.你理想中父母与孩子之间的关系是怎样的
大学里的即兴演讲题目人生哲理 2010-06-10 22:09:23 阅读1623 评论0 字号：大中小订阅 1、请您以“人生处处是考场”为话题进行演讲。 2、寻找幸福的人，有两类。 一类像在登山，他们以为人生最大的幸福在山顶，于是气喘吁吁、穷尽一生去攀登。另一类也像在登山，但他们并不刻意登到哪里。一路上走走停停，看看山岚、赏赏虹霓、吹吹清风，心灵在放松中得到某种满足。尽管不得大愉悦，然而，这些琐碎而细微的小自在，萦绕于心扉，一样芬芳身心、恬静自我。 请以“站在烦恼里仰望幸福”为话题演讲。 3、有位哲人说：“真正让我疲惫的，不是遥远的路途；而是鞋子里的一颗沙。”体会其中的深意，并以此为话题演讲。 4、张爱玲女士曾经说过这样一句话：“对于三十岁以后的人来说，十年八年不过是指缝间的事；而对于年轻人而言，三年五年就可以是一生一世。”（选自《十八春》）请以此为话题进行演讲。 5、人生的道路上，处处可能遇上不可磨灭的创伤。有句话却说：“每一种创伤，都是一种成熟。您同意这种说法么？说说你的看法。 6、“不凡是瞬间的风景，平凡是永恒的罗兰。”谈谈你对这句话的理解，若要你选择，你会选择瞬间的风景还是永恒的罗兰？ 7、曾经有这样一首小诗，饶有趣味： 你不可以左右天气，但你可以改变心情； 你不可以事事顺利，但你可以事事尽力； 你不可以改变不公，但你可以展现笑容； 你不可以与之明天，但你可以把握今天。 细心品味这首诗，然后针对此诗谈谈你的看法。 8、现在我们所看的每场晚会都经历过了精心的彩排。然而人生却没有彩排，每天都是现场直播。请说说你对这句话的理解。 9、请谈一谈对“没有比人更高的山”这句话的理解。 10、常有人说：单独思考往往会创造奇迹。请针对“智慧总是在孤独中生根”这句话， 谈谈你的见解。 11、“幸福，不是长生不老，不是大鱼大肉，不是权倾朝野。幸福是每一个微小的生活愿望达成。当你想吃的时候有得吃，想被爱的时候有人来爱你。”请以此为话题演讲。 12、人生中处处可以遇到值得我们感恩的人。里根在婚礼上的发言说了这样一句话：“上帝把南希赐予我，就足以让我毕生感激。”请以“感恩”为话题，以一个或多个具体的例子，阐述你对感恩的看法。 13、请以“生命中的空白”为话题演讲。 14、生活里人们往往力求改变，以让人生向自己的目标更加靠近。“大多数人想要改变这个世界，但罕见有人想改造自己。”请以此为话题演讲。 15、但丁说：走自己的路，让别人说去吧。但现实中也存在着很多需要察纳雅言，虚心接受别人意见的时候。请说说你的看法。 16、有人认为：青春像一座山背负一路感伤；郭敬明也曾说：青春是道明媚的忧伤。你眼中的青春是什么样的？请具体说说你对“青春”的看法。 17、当清晨的第一缕阳光照耀在非洲的大草原上，羚羊会对自己说：快跑！否则你会被狮子吃掉！狮子会对自己说：快跑！否则你会饿死在这里！请以这个小故事进行三分钟的演讲。
英语即兴演讲万能开头 【篇一：英语即兴演讲范文】 三分钟英语即兴演讲范文（1） 1.should parents set limits in internet access for their teenage children? why? internet is dangerous if a child has unlimited freedom to use it. because teenagers are too weak to resist the great tempt. various online games will cost their almost all-day time. and many kinds of online movies may teach them unhealthy content such as violence. also, long-time exposure to computer will do great harm to teenagers eyesight. a child addicted to internet will neglect his study completely. however, the word limit does not mean forbidding. it cant be denied that internet is a very useful tool for learning. in this information age, computer and internet is essential. adequate access to internet will contribute to teenagers keeping pace with this world. also, internet is a fine entertainment for students who have study longtime and get tired. so, i think parents should set limits on but not forbid access for their teenager children. 2.should smoking be prohibited completely in all countries? why? well, its a quite complex question. overall, in my opinion, i think smoking shouldnt be completely prohibited in all countries. let me explain my views.we all know clearly that smoking is very harmful to the smokers health. longtime smoking can lead to lung cancer and other serious health problem. also, smoking in public situation is awful. people around the smoker, especially the children, also suffer from the damage to their health. in spite of all these bad effects mentioned above, however, i still think smoking is indeed needed in our society. for example, when people get tired or anxious, a cigarette can help to release their body as well as spirit. also, in some social intercourse, cigarette is a essential. in my eyes, i cant imagine what peoples life will become if smoking is completely prohibited. there may be many benefits for individuals, but the social will suffer a lot. so, i think smoking should not be prohibited. it is individual effort to make smoking a useful thing.