2018年大学生英语竞赛知识点整理之作文篇
2018年英语竞赛知识点整理之作文篇
范文
The Primary Energy Consumption in the United States and in China in 2011
①The two pie charts above show the primary energy consumption in the United States and in China in 2011 respectively.
（作文开篇直接点出话题，给出了信息，完成了说明文开头的主要任务。）
②The first chart describes the situation of energy consumption in China. It indicates that coal is the dominant energy consumption, accounting for 70 percent of the total energy consumption. The other two major fossil fuels, oil and natural gas, take up 18 percent and 4 percent respectively. These three kinds of fossil fuels, in aggregate, already account for over 90percent of all the consuming energies, indicating that fossil fuels play a vital role in China’s energy consumption in the recent years. The remaining 8percent of energy consumption includes nuclear power and some kinds of renewable sources like hydroelectric and so on. Among them, nuclear power accounts for 1 percent. As for the renewable sources, hydroelectric takes up 5percent and another 1 percent taken up by other renewable sources.
（这一段按照题目要求，描述了图1的主要特点。而作者突出表现为：能够基
于图表内容进一步分析，实属难得，例如文中的画线部分，把煤、石油、天然气这三大化石燃料归纳在一起进行总结；分析的层次清晰，词汇选择上能注意
多样性，如account for和take up的交替使用。）
like to widely popularize the exploitation of oil and natural gas and put it into their daily use. Therefore, coal is still the most consumed energy in China. As for the United States, a country with developed industrialization and advanced technological tools, people tend to exploit more oil and natural gas as they are more
environment-friendly than coal.
（这一段讲了第一点区别，即中国和美国对于三大化石燃料消耗的差别，在中
国，煤的消耗量占绝大多数，占70%，而在美国，只有22%，而石油和天然气占较大比例，并结合两国国情差异，分析出可能的原因。分析合理，逻辑清晰。）
⑥Secondly, it is evident to see that the nuclear power consumption of the United States occupies much a larger percentage than that of China. The reasons are as follows: for one thing, the development of nuclear energy in the United States is accelerating and takes the first position in the world; for another, it is relevant with Chinese policy. Chinese government have claimed that the only purpose for China’s developing nuclear weapons is to defend and break the nuclear blackmail; under no circumstances would Chinese people use nuclear weapons first.
（这一段讲了第二点区别，就是中美两国对核能消耗情况的对比，结合美国发达的开发核能源技术和中国对待核武器的态度进行分析产生这种情况的原因。）
⑦In a word, the charts indicate the distribution of primary energy consumption in the United States and in China in 2011 is different, and different developing situations in the two countries make the difference.
（结尾总结了全文的关键信息，完成了最后的主要任务。）
短语积累
1. 接触各种思想/经历：
be exposed to new ideas/experiences/problems
2. 人们认为：
it is generally/widely believed/held/agreed that
3. 许多问题：
a host/number of problem
4. 引起人们注意：
claim call/attract general/public/world attention to sth.
5. 意识到：
there is a growing awareness(知道)/realization of/that
awaken sb. to the fact/danger
6. 适应新的形势/变化：
adapt/adjust/accommodate(使适应) oneself to new environment/ change
7. 越来越：
be increasingly +adj.
be on the rise
a growing number of
8. 接触社会：
come into frequent/close contact with the world/society
9. 获得成功：
achieve/accomplish success
10. 提出观点/建议：
advance/put forward/come up with the
arguments/ideas/suggestions
11. 作出努力：
make tremendous(极大的)/persistent(持久稳固的)/sustained(持续不变的) effort to do sth.
take great pains to do(with work/study)
12. 影响学习：
interfere with studies/work
13. 产生影响：
have/exert a profound(深刻的)influence on life/personality
have a dramatic/ undesirable(令人不快的) effect on
14. 较好地驾驭生活：
be a better pilot of one’s life
15. 剥夺机会/权力：
deprive oneself of the chance/right/opportunity
16. 取代：
substitute(替代) for/take the place of the old way
17. 采取措施：
take effective steps/measures to
18. 控制我们的环境：
take/gain increasing control over our ownenvironment 19. 躲避危险/挑战：
shy(躲避)/run away from thedangers/challenge
20.满足要求：
meet/satisfy/accommodate the demand of
21. 补偿损失：
compensate for / make up for the loss/damage
22. 解释某现象：
account for / explain the phenomenon
23. 对……很好的了解：
have a better understanding/appreciation of
have a new perspective(观点) on
provide/gain an insight into
24. 把某因素考虑进去：
take sth. into account(consideration)
give much thought to
25. 品位人生/自由青春：
savor the life/freedom/youth
26. 培养对……的信心：
develop/foster one’s interest/confidence in
27. 经历变化/困难/艰险：
undergo/experience great changes/hardships/experience