初中英语语法系列名词精练
一．单项选择
1..----More and more foreigners are becoming interested in Beijing Opera.
---That's true. It's an important part of Chinese_______
A culture
B invention C. custom D. influence
2.The Three Gorges Dam produces___________ for millions of people in China
A. electricity
B. influence
C. transport
D. technology
3.--- Could you give me a few______ on how to spend the coming summer holiday? ----OK. let me see
A. hobbies
B. suggestions
C. knowledge
D. information
4.Many foreigners came to our school last week, including three_________ and four__________
A. German: American
B. Germans: American
C. Germans: Americans
D. German: Americans
5.There are many old______ in the park
A. man and children
B. men and child
C. men and children
D. man and child
6.I went to the hospital yesterday. I found several ________ there
A. man nurses B men nurse C. men nurses D man nurse
7. “It depends on my___ decision” the mother said and looked at her two daughters
A. children
B. children's
C. child
D. child’s
8._______ fathers can't go to the parents’ meeting because they have gone abroad
A. Jack’s and Mike’s
B. Jack and Mike
C. Jack and Mike’s
D. Jack's and Mike
9.The woman completed her degree after seven______ study abroad
A. year's
B. year
C. years’ D years
10.Mrs. Jones is_____ mother. She is a scientist
A. Sally's and Tony
B. Sally's and Tony's
C. Sally and Tony's
D. Sally and Tony
11. —Simon always reads for half an hour before bedtime every day. —That's a good _____. Reading makes a full man.
A.dream
B.wish
C.habit
12. The _____ of a situation or action is the way in which it develops.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ae8401540.html,ment
B.advantage
C.progress
13. —I like writing novels, and my dream is to be a _____ in the future. —I hope your dream will come true.
A.waiter
B.musician
C.writer
14. —I got better marks in this test. My parents were happy with my _____.
—I'm really happy for you.
A.research
B.service
C.progress
15. A _____ is a special ceremony for the students who complete their studies.
A.graduation
B.festival
C.meeting
16. A(n) _____ is a piece of paper, wood or mental that has words on it
to give people information or warnings.
A.advertisement
B.sign
C.blackboard
17. A _____ is a piece of paper that shows how much you should pay for the goods or services.
A.ticket
B.diary
C.bill
18. A _____ is a talk given to a group of people to teach them about a special subject.
A.meeting
B.lecture
C.class
19. A(n) _____ is a person who usually shows new styles of clothes on the stage.
A.artist
B.model
C.actor
20. A _____ is a person whose job is to draw pictures.
A.teacher
B.director
C.painter
21.Boys and girls! Let’s have a rest. It's only ten_____ break
A. minute
B. minute’s
C. minutes
D. minutes’
22. Could you please put some______ in my cup? I'd like sweet coffee.
A. sugar
B. salt C .ice D pepper
23.I live near a big_______ . It gets very noisy on match days.
A hospital B. store C. bank D, playground
24.--- Do you have this T- -shirt in a small_______? ---I’m afraid not. It only comes in medium
A. size
B. colour
C. material
D. taste
25.In every____ there has to be some give-and-take
A. friendship
B. instrument
C. attention
D. blackboard
26、Sam eats too much ________. He doesn’t eat any _______.
A. chickens; tomato
B. tomato; chicken
C. chicken; tomatoes
D. tomatoes; chicken
27、He can play . And he can play , too.
A．basketball … the piano B．a basketball… a guitar
C．the basketball…piano D．basketball…guitar
28、All the _______ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th, because it was their own holiday.
A. man
B. men
C. woman
D. women
29、Mrs. Bond is an old friend of .
A．Jack mother B．Jack mother’s
C．Jack’s mother D．Jack’s mother’s
30、—Where are the two ?
—They are talking in the office．
A．woman writers B．women writer
B．C．woman's writer D．women writers
31、Come on，children．Help yourselves to some if you like．
A．fish and chicken B．fishes and chicken
C．fish and chickens D．fishes and chickens
32、As a student, working hard is your ________.
A. response
B. responsible
C. responsibility
D. responsibly
33、Mr .Smith always has _____ to tell us.
A. some good pieces of news
B. some pieces of good news
C. some good piece of newes
D. some piece of good newes
34、It would be __ good____ for me to achieve my dream.
A. an; experience
B./; experiences
C. a; experience
D./; experience
35、I have three pen pals. One is , the other two are
A. Japanese, America
B. Russian, Germany
B. Chinese,Americans D.English, Frenchmans
36.______ are such lovely animals and they like eating fruits, such as bananas and peaches
A. Dogs
B. Monkeys
C. Tigers
D. Snakes
37.--- -If you don’ t realize the ______ of working hard, you' ll never get good grades ----I see. Thanks for your advice.
A. difference
B. importance
C. development D, encouragement
38. In North China， it is a(n)_____ to have dumplings at the Spring Festival
A. custom B effort C. gift D purpose
39. Could you please make some_______ for me? I want to put lots of books here
A. room
B. home
C. family
D. house
40. I didn't send an e-mail to Mary this morning because my______ didn't work
A. eraser
B. computer
C. box
D. bike
41.Amy takes exercise every day. That's why she is healthy and always full of ______.
A. silence
B. temperature
C. pressure
D. energy
42. Learn to relax! Force yourself to take a_____ from worrying about your studies and exams
A. notice
B. suggestion
C. risk
D. break
43.Jack has the______ to solve the problem. You just need to wait patiently
A. excuse
B. sorrow C ability D. cause
44.----It's useful for the deaf and blind people to learn body language. ---Yes, it's a major way of_____ for them.
A. competition
B. vacation
C. production D communication
45. He used the bad weather as a(n)_____ for not coming.
A excuse B, excuses C. tool D. tools
46. Next week is a long _____, so many people will spend their days travelling.
A.week
B.event
C.vacation
47. Being good at reading _____ on people's faces helps Bob get on well with his workmates.
A.attention
B.expressions
C.suggestions
D.directions
48. —Do you like listening to "The Moonlight Sonata"?
—Yes. Listening to _____ is my favorite.
A.news
B.stories
C.reports
D.music
49. —Who is the person you admire the most?
—Qian Xuesen, the Father of China's Missiles. He is the _____of China.
A.leader
B.pride
C.voice
D.future
50.—What a good _____ you've given me! Thanks a lot.
—My pleasure.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ae8401540.html,rmation
B.news
C.suggestion
D.advice
51. In some places, Chinese people also eat eggs on their birthdays. They are a _____ of life and good luck.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ae8401540.html,
B.symbol
C.joke
D.experience
52. Ann works in an office. She likes using computers and she can type very quickly. She is a _____.
A.secretary
B.coach
C.postman
53. —The _____ on the sea will take us about 15 days.
—It's really a long trip. I hope you will have a good time on the ship.
A.voyage
B.task
C.choice
54. —Look at the animals, Mom. They seem to be _____.
—You're right, dear. They have very long necks.
A.tigers
B.giraffes
C.elephants
55. —He is a successful businessman. After many years of hard work, he has lots of _____ now.
—But he lives a simple life. He often gives his money to help students in poor places.
A.wealth
B.energy
C.time
56.It’s said that more than 100 _________ will attend this meeting in Shanghai.
A．man teachers B．woman teachers
C．men teachers D．womans teachers
57.Do you know Mr. Bake? He is _____________teacher．
A．Jenny and Danny B．Jenny and Danny' s
C．Jenny' s and Danny' s D．Jenny or Danny' s
58.I don’t think _______ should be allowed to drive．
A．fourteen – years – olds B．fourteen years – olds
C．fourteen – year—olds D．fourteen – years olds
59.—Can I help you?
—I’d like ____________ for my twin daughters.
A．two pair of shoes B．two pairs of shoe
B．C．two pair of shoe D．two pairs of shoes
60.Wang Ning likes talking with people, writing stories and working for
a TV station, maybe he will be _____________ when he grows up..
A．an actor B．a policeman
C．a doctor D．a reporter
61.—The land in the southwest of China is in great need
of ．
—Yes ,it hasn’t rained for a long time there．
A．milk B．tea C．coffee
D．water
62.She always gets the highest marks in the exam．She is one of __________
in her class．
A．best students B．the top students
C．the best student D．top student
63.I have realized the _________ of learning English．I must work bard．
A．secret B．experience
C．importance D．important
64.You have a _____．You should stop eating anything．
A．headache B．backache
C．stomachache D．fever
65.We have three _______ jobs for you． And they are _______ interesting．
A．kinds of; kinds
of B． kind of; kinds of C．kind of; kind
of D． kinds of; kind of
66. It's cold today. Take your_____ with you when you go out
A. knife
B. coat C brush D key
67. The little boy wants to be a_______ when he grows up because his dream
is flying a plane.
A. doctor
B. pilot
C. director
D. policeman
68. ---Children should help their_____ do some housework on weekends. ---Yes, I agree with you
A. friends
B. students
C. parents
D. teachers
69. There are four____ in a year and each lasts about 3 months
A. days
B. seasons
C. weeks D minutes
70. There is a_____ in my neighborhood and I often go there to see tigers.
A zoo B. bank C school D. hospital
71. Fruit is good for health, so I often have breakfast with one _____
A. candy
B. cake
C. banana D hamburger
72. Something is wrong with my_____. I can't see anything around me clearly.
A . nose B. ears C. mouth D. eyes
73. ---Have you got Kathy's_____ for her concert? ----Yes, I’d like
to go and enjoy it
A. invention B, instruction C, invitation D. introduction
74. It is accepted that knowledge is the most valuable____ for human beings
A. decision B treasure C. purpose D standard
75. ---What a good_____ you've given me! Thanks a lot.
---My pleasure
A. danger
B. progress
C. suggestion
D. difference
76.---Lily often answers the teachers’_____ in class, doesn't she? ---Yes. She is very active.
A. questions
B. secrets
C. reasons
D. message
77. There is some____ in the fridge
A. tomatoes
B. eggs C apple D. beef
78.---What would you like? ----I’d like some____ noodles
A. beef and tomatoes
B. beefs and tomato
C. beef and tomato
D. beefs and tomatoes
79.There are some___________ in our school. We all like them
A. apple tree
B. apples tree
C. apples trees
D. apple trees
80. 219 Park is about______ walk from here. You'd better take a bus
A. 50 minute
B. 50 minutes’
C. 50 minutes
D. 50 minute's
81. We usually have a seven______ holiday every National Day
A .days B. day' C. day's D. days’
82--- How far is your cousin’s home from here?
---It's about two____ drive.
A. hour's B hours C. hours’ D, hour
83. Some old people need a_____ because they feel lonely
A. gift
B. stick
C. pet
D. watch
84. Life is like riding a bicycle, To keep your__________, you must keep
moving.
A. project
B. balance
C. body
D. ability
85. Every year many foreign friends come to see the______ of Tianjin,
such as Tianjin Eye and Haihe River
A. concerts
B. plays C cartoons D. sights
86. The artist received high______ from the art community for these sculptures
A. praise B, prize C rice D. pride
87. Daniel has tried to lose_______ by eating less recently, but two kilos has been put on instead
A. weight
B. height C subject D. jacket
88. We should develop a habit of taking_____ in class, With them, we can review what we have learned easily
A. methods
B. notes
C. measures
D. risks
89. Linda has a beautiful____. She sings very well.
A .look B, book C. voice D. photo
90.---Would you like some ______ ? ---Yes, please, just a few.
A. milk B, juice C rice D, oranges
91. There are more than one hundred teachers in our school, and most of them are_______.
A, man teacher B, man teachers C, men teacher D. men teachers
92. You can’t eat too much ______ , because it's bad for your stomach
A coffee B, bananas C. meat D. peach
93. My mother bought_______ for my brother, which made him very happy
A. two pair trousers
B. two pairs of trousers
C. two pairs trousers
D. two pair of trousers
94. One of the______ playing on the ground is my teacher’s younger brother.
A. girl
B. girls
C. boy
D. boys
95. ---Oh ,Nancy ! Do you live here? ----No. This house is______ .
I'm here to see his baby
A. my son
B. my son’s
C. the baby
D. the baby’s
96. Today is September 10th. It's_____ Day. Let’s say“ Thank you”
to our teachers
A. Teacher's
B. the Teachers’
C. Teachers
D. Teachers’
97.-- -Who's the woman under the tree? ---She's_____ aunt
A. Kelly and Joe's
B. Kelly's and Joe
C. Kelly's and Joe's
D. Kelly and Joe
98. The village is far from here. It's almost______ ride
A. a four hour
B. a four hour’s
C. four hours
D. four hours’
99. The online shop sells_____ shoes at a very good price
A. child and man's
B. children and men’s
C. children's and men
D. children's and men’s
100. I have the_____ of reading before sleeping. It has been part of my life
A. courage
B. chance
C. spirit D, habit
答案：
1-5.AABCC
6-10CBACC
11-15CCCCA
16-20BCBBC
21-25.DADAA
26-30CADDD
31-35ACACD
36-40BBAAB
41-45.DDCDA
46-50CBDBC
51-55BAABA
56-60CBCDD
61-65DBCCD
66-70.BBCBA
71-75.CDCBC
76-80.ADCDB
81-85DCCBD
86-90.A ABCD
91-95DCBDB
96-100DADDD
二．写出下列单词的复数形式
1book ___________________ 2.duck ___________________
3.house ___________________
4.orange ___________________
5.class ___________________
6.box ___________________
7.watch ___________________ 8.bus ___________________
9.city ___________________ 10.factory ___________________
11.country ___________________ 12.family ___________________
13.hero ___________________ 14.potato ___________________
15.tomato ___________________ 16.photo ___________________
17.piano ___________________ 18.knife ___________________
19.leaf ___________________ 20.life ___________________
21.fish __________________ 22.sheep ___________________
23.foot ___________________ 24.tooth ___________________
25.man __________________ 26.woman ___________________
27.fireman__________________ 28.policeman ___________________ 29.postman _________________ 30.child ___________________
31.mouse ___________________
三．名词所有格练习
Translate these phase below.
教室的窗户__________________ 美国的首都__________________ 桌子的四条腿__________________ 学校的门__________________
老师们的办公室__________________ 男人们的衣服__________________ Linda的课本__________________ Peter和Bill的爸爸______________ 奶奶的眼镜__________________ 猫的名字__________________ Lucy’s mother and Lily’s mother ______________
teachers of our school__________________
the color of shoe __________________
Children’s Day __________________
He is a friend of my father’s _________________________________
It is a picture of my family __________________________________
四．请用括号中名词的复数形式填空
1. Look at those _______(child). They are doing sports.
2. Do you want some ________ (potato) for dinner? Yes, I do.
3. In autumn, you can see a lot of colour_______ (leaf) on the ground.
4. He has two _______( box).One is blue , the other is yellow.
5. Where is the washroom? It’s on the fourth ___________( floor ) .
6. Two ________( family ) live in this building .
7. It’s very cold today. Put on your ___________ ( boot ), please.
8. Where do your ________ ( parent ) work? They work in a hospital.
9. Have some _________ ( juice ), please.
10. September 10th is the __________ ( teacher ) Day.
五．翻译
1.两个男工人_______________
2.两个女工人_______________
3.两个小孩_________________
4.三条鱼___________________
5.四只绵羊__________________
6.五只鹅___________________
7.七只脚____________________
8.六颗牙齿_________________
9.一杯茶___________________
10. 一瓶牛奶_______________
六．将下列单、复数句子进行转换
1. It is an old backpack. ________________________________________
2. I have a pen. ______________________________________________
3. She has a book. _____________________________________________
4. That child is very good. _______________________________________
5. These are mice. ___________________________________________
6. Those are children. __________________________________________
7. There is a child in the room. ____________________________________
七．用所给词的正确形式填空
1.The restaurant is very popular. There are many_____________ eating here every day.
2.This experiment has been repeated several ______ in our lab.
3.Those______ on the wall can not only decorate our home, but also remind us of our beautiful memories.
4.There are four_______ and three Japanese in my class.
5.Printing is one of the greatest____________ in the world
6.These kinds of___________ grow in the northern part of our country.
7. We should never give up, for good___________ always hide somewhere around us, waiting for us to find them.
8.With the development of science and technology, computers and__________ are widely used in some factories
9.Chinese are supposed to shake__________ when they meet for the first time
10.Many people lost their________________ in the disaster
11.___________ is very important for us, because a tree can't make a forest.
12.We should learn to protect ourselves when we are in ___________________
13.There’ll be a____________ meeting next week, and my parents will both attend it
14.Mr. Black is a teacher of my __________________. She and her classmates
like him very much
15. After a___________ holiday, we came back to work.
16.After a long walk, they were so____________ that they ate up all the food in their packs
17.Failure isn't always bad. It can teach you____________ lessons.
18. Is there anything________________ in today's activities?
19. He is always___________________ about his schoolwork, so he seldom makes mistakes
20.There is a nice picture in the little_____________(girl) bedroom. She likes it very much
21. I don't think looking after children is just________________(woman)work
22.Everyone has a_______ to play in making our country more beautiful
23.Therr is a(n)______ in the middle of the sea. Many bird spend their winter there.
24.This_________is my English tea cher’s . She lent it to me yesterday.
25.Each_________ is white and black and enjoys eating bamboo
26._______ is made into bottles in this factory
28.He is a creative person who often puts forward some different______________
29. Give me a few_________ and I'll be ready to leave.
30. About200，000____________ came to Beijing during May Day holiday.
31.Grandma went to the market and bought some meat, eggs and ________ for lunch
32. He bought a pair of___________ for his mother yesterday
33.______________ are supposed to make their own decisions when facing some difficulties.
34. The western people like eating food with_________. But Chinese people are
35.When his father died，he felt that his whole world was___________
36.Taking exercise every day is very good. It's a(n)_________ way of life.
37.Linda has a smile on her face all the time, and she is____________ to
everyone.
38. After a________ work, I would like to come back to the country to relax myself.
39.Maybe Tom is at the____________, for he had a headache this morning
40. The girl is good at drawing pictures and dancing, so she wants to be
a(n)____________
41.The___________ asked him how he had achieved such a great success and then wrote a report
答案：1.customers 2. times 3.photos 4. Germans 5. inventions 6 .plants 7. chances 8.robots 9. hands 10.lives 11.Teamwork12. danger13. parents’14.sister’s15.week’s 16. hungry https://www.doczj.com/doc/ae8401540.html,eful 18.interesting
19.careful 20.girl’s 21.women’s 22.role 23.island 24.book 25. panda 26. Glass 27.mistake
28.ideas 29.minutes 30.visitors 31. tomatoes 32.shoes 33. Teenagers
34.knives 35.hopeless 36. healthy 37.friendly 38. week's 39. doctor’s 40. artist 41.interviewer
一、名词复数规则 1．_________________________如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2．_________________________如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,watch-watches 3．__________________________________如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4．______________________________________如：knife-knives 5．不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet, .tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 二、练习题。 <一>、写出下列名词的复数形式 1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、bed 9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20knife 22、sheep <二>、选择填空 1、There_______ on the wall .They are very beautiful. A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos 2. This kind of car_______made in Shanghai. A. is B .are C .were D .has 3. There are four________and two_________in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans 4. Th at’a______art book. A. an B. a C. the D are 5. The boys have got________already. A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 6. The old man wants__________. A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples 7. There ______some ________in the river. A. is ,fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are ,fish 8. There ______two________ in the box. A. is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watches 9. We should clean_______twice a day. A .our tooth B. our tooths C.teeth D.our teeth 10.The _____ meeting room is near the reading room. A.teacher B.teacher’s C.teachers’ D.teachers 11. In Britain _____ are all painted red. A.letter boxes B.letters boxes C.letter box D.letters box
1.What can I do for you? A．glasses, water B．glass, water C．glasses, waters A．class, class B．class, Class C．Class, Class 3.Look! There are three_______ in the picture. A. chicken B. sheeps C. fish D. horse 4.What would you like to order? - Let me have a look at the_______, please. A. book B. dish C. menu D. plate 5.—What can I do for you? —I want two ____. A. bottle of milks B. bottle of milk C. bottles of milk A．glasses, water B．glass, water C．glasses, waters 7..What do animals eat? -Some eat_______ and some eat_______. A. meat ,leafs B. meats, leafs C. meat ,leaves D. meats ,leaves 8.This is ______ book. They like it very much. A. Tom and Tony’s B. Tom’s and Tony’s C. Tom’s and Tony D. Tom and Tony 9.Miss Li is _____ English teacher. A. Tom and Tina B. Tom’s and Tina’s C. Tom and Tina’s 10.—Is this your English-Chinese dictionary? —No, it’s______ A. my sister’s B. a dictionary C. your dictionary 11. There is some ________ on the table. A．tomato B．egg C．chicken D．banana
名词 可数名词：单数、复数 不可数名词：不可数名词的数 名词的格：’s 所有格、of所有格、双重所有格的构成和用法 可数名词的单数形式---------a/an/the 的用法。 I am a girl.( ) I am girl.( ) This is an apple.( ) That is apple.( ) ( I have a pen.( ) I have the pen.( ) a/an/the 在英语中被称为冠词，也就是说放在名词前的词。a/an 译为“一个”，是不定冠词，用于单数名词前。 a schoolbag a football a sweater an aunt a boy a woman an eraser a banana an apple an 8-year-old girl an easy question a useful book an hour 综上：a 用于单词前 an 用于单词前 The 译为“这”，是定冠词，可用于单数名词前表示特指。 The book the football the sweater the 8-year-old girl the eraser 、 综上：the 的用法不受单词的影响。 冠词的用法
一）冠词的定义: 冠词是置于名词之前，对名词起限制作用的一种虚词。 二) 冠词的分类: 冠词分为不定冠词"a，an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种，零冠词指的是不用冠词的情况。 1、不定冠词的用法： 不定冠词表示泛指，定冠词表示特指 不定冠词有"a和an"两种形式。"a"用在以辅音开头的词前，"an"用在以元音开头的词前。判断一个词是以元音开头还是以辅音开头，是根据读音而不是根据字母。 1）. 用于可数名词的单数形式前，表示"一" ， There is a tiger in the zoo. 动物园里有一只老虎。 2）. 表示一类人和东西 A tiger can be dangerous. 老虎可能有危害性。 3）. 用在作表语的单数可数名词前，表示身份、职业 My mother is a teacher. 我妈妈是教师。 4）.用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一” I want to have a second cup of coffee. 5）.固定搭配短语。 玩的愉快散步看一看 2、定冠词的用法： （ 1）. 用以特指某（些）人或某（些）事物 This is the house where Lu Xun lived. 这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。
一、写出下列名词的复数形式 1、orange s 2、class es 3、monkey s 4、piano__s__ 5、child ren 6、shelf shelves 7、country countries 8、family families 9、toy s 10、foot feet 11、Japanese 不变12、radio s 13、photo s 14、army 、tomato es 16、fox es 17、woman women 18、knife knives 19、sheep 不变 二、选择填空 1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful. A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos
2. This car made in Shanghai. A. is B .are C .were D .has 3. There are four and two in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans 4. That’s art book. A. an B. a C. the D are 5. The boys have got already. A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 6. The old man wants . A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples 7. There some in the river.A. is, fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are, fish 8. There two in the box. A. is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watches
分 类变化方法 举例 规则变化单数名词词尾直接加-s boy — boys pen — pens 以s，x ，ch，sh结尾 的单词一般加-es glass—glasses box—boxes watch—watches brush—brushes class— classes 特例：stomach — stomachs 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 的变“y”为“i”再加 “-es” baby—babies lady —ladies family—families 注意：penny的两种复数形式含义有所不同： pence（便士的钱数）pennies(便士的枚数) 以“o”结尾的多数加 -s radios zoos photos pianos kilos tobaccos bamboos studios 而下列名词的复数却要加-es： tomato —tomatoes potato —potatoes hero — heroes echo—echoes 以“f”或“fe”结尾 的名词复数形式变 “f”或“fe”为 “v”，之后再加-es wife—wives self — selves 特例：handkerchief—handkerchiefs gulf—gulfs belief—beliefs chief—chiefs roof—roofs scarf—scarfs 不规则变化改变名词中的元音字母 或其他形式 man-men woman-women foot-feet goose-geese mouse-mice tooth—teeth 特例：child-children 单复数相同 s heep deer means（方法）works（作品、工厂、 著作）crossroads species Chinese Japanese 合成名词变成复数的情 况： ●将主体名词变为复数 ●无主体名词时将最后 一部分变为复数 ●将两部分都变为复数 ●sons-in-law lookers-on passers-by story-tellers boy friends ●grown-ups housewives stopwatches ●women singers men servants
名词复数和名词的所有格 27刘梅的女儿 Chin ese man 28 Tom 和Dave 的书 29 Tom 和Dave （两兄弟）的爸爸 30我家的一张照片 31看这幅图片 32我的一家 33汤姆的家谱 34 一间教室的图片 三把下面单数句变为复数句，复数句变为 单数句 1. I am an En glish teacher. 2. He is a boy. _Japanese teacher 3. This is an ID card. 1. 两本字典 2. 五个手表 3. 八个文具盒 4. 七个中国人 5. 这些男孩 6. 这些橡皮擦 7. 那些图片 8. 那些书包 9. 她的两个兄弟 10. 这些女孩 11. 这两个女孩 woma n 12. 他们的父母 13. 他的三个表姐 14. 你的祖父母 15. 我的笔友 16. 在图片中 17. 在图一中 18. 迈克的哥哥 19. Alice 的朋友们 21我姐姐的书 22 Grace 的一家人 23 Mary 的书包 25她爸爸的名字 26 Jeff 的狗 4. That ' s a new watch . 5. It ' s her photo. 6. Is this your pencil box? Yes, it is . 7. Is that her dictionary? No. It isn ' t. 8. What ' s this ? It ' s a baseball. 9.What ' s that ? It ' s a computer game. 10. They are En glish boys. 11. Are those your pencils? Yes ，they are. 12 Those are oran ges. 13. Are these her watches? No, they aren't. 14. These are erasers. 15. These are my erasers.
名词的用法 一、什么是名词？名词在句子中起什么作用？ 1. 名词（英文Noun，简称n.），是词类的一种，属于实词。它表示人、事、物、地点或抽象概念的统一名称。它分为专有名词和普通名词。 2.名词在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语 3.在英语中，名词的格有3种：主格、宾格、所有格。 二、名词的分类 1.普通名词及专有名词 专有名词：指特定的或独一无二的人或物（人名、地名、国家名、景观名） 分类及用法： ①专有名词是表示人、地方、事物等特有的名词，它的第一个字母要大写。如： 人名：Tom，Peter，Mr Yang ②地名：Europe，New York，People’s Square 节日、月份、星期：Christmas，February，Saturday 注意：有些单词字母的大小写不同，词义也不一样。如： Rose 罗斯（姓名）——rose玫瑰花 China 中国——china 陶瓷或中国（不特指） 普通名词表示一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名称，如: worker,
camera, steel, love等。 ②专有名词前是否带冠词的问题： 1）零冠词，即不需要加冠词，如Yale University, Beijing Railway Station, etc.是由专有名词+普通名词组成，往往为并列关系。 2）定冠词，某些专有名词由形容词/普通名词+普通名词组成的专有名词，单独的每一个词都不是专有名词，但是组在一起构成了一个专有名词，这类词前需要加定冠词the; 如：the United States，the Great Wall, the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace颐和园, ect. 注意：一般来讲，专有名词前面不用定冠词the，但江河海洋，山脉、群岛、地理名称前要用定冠词，例如：the Yangtze River(长江) 普通名词又可以分为四种，分别如下。 1）个体名词（Individual Nouns）：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun(枪), girl, pen, etc. 个体名词属于可数名词。 2）集体名词（Collective Nouns）：表示一群人或一些物的名词叫集体（或集合）名词，为便于弄清其特点，我们不妨把它们分为表示无生命的物的“类”和表示主要是由人（有少数是低等动物）构成的“群”的集体名词，集体名词属于可数名词。 ⑴表示“类”的集体名词，常见的有 clothing
一、名词的单数、复数、所有格 基础知识 名词分为专有名词和普通名词。专有名词是表示具体的人、事物、地点、或机构等的专有名称。如：GuangZhou，Mike，UNESCO等。专有名词一般情况下第一个字母要大写，前面不加定冠词the。普通名词是表示一类人、事物或抽象概念的名称。如：police，uggs，rice 等。普通名词又可分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。 一般来说，个体名词和集体名词多为可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词多为不可数名词。可数名词有单数、复数之分，表示“一个”时用单数，表示“多个”时用复数。如：a bird，a teacher，an apple，two birds，five teachers，eight apples等。 可数名词复数的构成 1、一般情况下，在单数名词的后面加-s构成。如：game-games，boy-boys等。 2、以s、x、sh、ch结尾的单数名词变复数，在词尾加-es构成。如：box-boxes，bus-buses， peach-peaches，dish-dishes。 3、以o结尾，表示有生命的事物的单数名词变复数加-es；表示没有生命的事物的单数名词 变复数加-s。如：potato-potatoes，tomato-tomatoes，photo-photos，piano-pianos等。 4、以辅音字母加y结尾的单数名词变复数，将y改成i后再加-es。如：factory-factories， story-stories，family-families。 5、以f或fe结尾的单数名词变复数，将f或fe改成v,cheap nike air max，然后再加-es。如：leaf-leaves，life-lives，knife-knives等。 6、名词单数变复数，除了有规则可循的变化之外，还有一部分的变化是不规则的，我们将这部分名词的变化叫做不规则变化。这些词有：goose-geese，foot-feet，tooth-teech，man-men，woman-women，mouse-mice，sheep-sheep，deer-deer，fish-fish，child-children，ox-oxen等,ugg shoes。 不可数名词量的表示 不可数名词没有单数、复数之分，但我们在生活中有时候又必需给这些词计量，我们于是采用这种方法：a+表示这些东西的单位+of+不可数名词，如：a cup of tea，a uggs of rice，a box of milk，a piece of paper等。如果为了表示多个的概念，我们就将表示这些东西的单位变成复数即可。如：a cup of tea---3 cups of tea---a uggs of rice---5 uggss of rice，a box of milk---12 boxes of milk，A piece of paper---100 pieces of paper 当堂训练、一）写出下例名词的复数形式 1、monkey _____ 2、boy _____ 3、duck _____ 4、house_____ 5、bus _____ 6、lady_____ 7、sheep _____ 8、deer _____ 9、child_____ 10、foot _____ 11、tomato_____ 12、ox _____ 13、desk_____ 14、window _____ 15、ugg boots _____ 16、dish _____ 17、film _______ 18、day _____ 19、plane _______ 20、month _________ 21、inch ________ 22、village ___________ 23、city ____________ 24、family________ 25、knife _______ 26、people ___________ 27、man ___________ 28、thief ___________ 29、chinese ___________ 30、glass ___________ 二）11、一滴水____________________12、两杯茶___________________________________ 13、三瓶啤酒__________________14、四双袜子___________________________________ 15、五块肥皂_________________16、六名警察___________________________________ 17、七朵花____________18、八把椅子___________________________________ 19、九只青蛙_______________20、十双uggs ___________________________________
英语词法名词复数及所有格 在学习初一英语语法时，要认真、细心，不要觉得一些地方不重要而得过且过。下面从几个方面，总结出了初一英语语法，如果要复习英语句法的同学，可以参考一下： 一、初一英语语法——词法 1、名词 A）、名词的数 我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：个人收集整理勿做商业用途 一）在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas个人收集整理勿做商业用途 二）x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, f axes个人收集整理勿做商业用途 三）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-d uties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories个人收集整理勿做商业用途 以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways个人收集整理勿做商业用途 四）以o结尾加s（外来词）。如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: to matoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯个人收集整理勿做商业用途 五）以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves个人收集整理勿做商业用途 六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese个人收集整理勿做商业用途 七）一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, glove s, clothes, socks个人收集整理勿做商业用途 八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员个人收集整理勿做商业用途 九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action mo vies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers个人收集整理勿做商业用途 十）有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼fishes鱼的种类, paper纸papers报纸，卷子，论文, work工作works作品，工厂, glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯，眼镜, orange桔子水or
初一上知识点复习（三） 名词的单复数，可数与不可数名词，名词的所有格，冠词 知识点1. 名词的单复数 名词：表示人或事物的名称或抽象概念的词。 可数名词与不可数名词. 单数可数名词前面可加a,an来修饰：a bag一个包可数名词：可以计数的名词 名词复数可数名词 不可数名词：不可计数的名词没有复数形式,前面不能用不定冠词a, an,也不能直接加数词. 但可以跟某些量词短语搭配,表示数量,如: a glass of water, two cups of tea. A.可数名词 1. 单数可数名词，表示“一”的概念，指单个的可数物体。要用名词的单数形式，表示名词的单数，要在名词前加冠词a或an。（an多用于以a ,e, i, o,开头的单词）eg：a book/ tree an apple/ egg 2.复数名词：指两个或以上的可数物体。名词复数的规则变化。 ①在一般情况下，词尾后加-s。books，cups，beds，boys，horses ②. 以s，x，sh，ch结尾的词，词尾加-es，读|iz| buses，boxes，dishes碟子，watches ③以f或fe结尾的词，先将f或fe变成v，再加-es，读|vz| half—halves，knife—knives小刀wife wives ④以辅音字母加o结尾的词，词尾加-es。tomatoes，potatoes 注意：A.如果是元音字母加o结尾的名词只加s：zoos，radios，vedios B.有特殊的以辅音字母加o结尾的也加s : photo---photos; piano---pianos 钢琴 ⑤以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先将y改为i再加-es。cities，families，babies 3 名词复数的不规则变化。man—men，tooth—teeth牙齿，child—children，sheep—sheep绵羊，deer---deer小鹿 foot----feet脚Chinese – Chinese Japanese – Japanese 4 有些名词只有复数形式clothes，trousers裤子，glasses，socks , shorts , pants , shoes 通常是以复数的形式出现。*另外，当我要表达一双袜子，一条裤子等时，要说成 a pair of socks a pair of shorts 5.一些代词和其他词复数的不规则变化。 ① I --- we ② you – you ③ he, she, it -- they ④me---us ⑤him/her/it---them ⑥ this --- these ⑦ that – those ⑧ my – our ⑨ her, his, its – their ⑩ am/ is – are a/ an – some 6. 句子单数变复数，注意以下六要素： ⑴主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词，即I→we，you→you，she，he，it→ they。如： She is a girl. →They are girls. ⑵am，is要变为are。如：I’m a student. →We are students. ⑶不定冠词a，an要去掉。如：He is a boy. →They are boys. ⑷普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如：It is an apple. →They are apples. ⑸指示代词this，that要变为these，those。如：This ia a bo x. →These are boxes. ⑹man，woman名词作定语修饰可数名词时，要在“数”上与被修饰名词保持一致。但其他名词修饰名词表示“性质”时，不作变化。She is a woman doctor. →Th ee y are women doctors.That is a pencil case. →Those are pencil cases. B.不可数名词 1. 没有复数形式,前面不能用不定冠词a, an,也不能直接加数词.但可以跟某些量词短语搭配,表示数量, 如: a glass of water一杯水（不能说a water）a cup of tea.一杯茶 a piece of paper一张纸 a piece of bread一片面包 A bottle of milk一瓶牛奶 2.不可数名词跟量词搭配时，变复数只变量词：two glasses of water many cups of tea twenty pieces of paper 注：可数名词也可以和量词搭配,of后的可数名词要用复数形式：a box of apples一箱苹果 a pair of shoes一双鞋
初一上知识点复习 名词的单复数，可数与不可数名词，名词的所有格，冠词 知识点1. 名词的单复数 名词：表示人或事物的名称或抽象概念的词。 可数名词与不可数名词. 单数可数名词前面可加a,an来修饰：a bag一个包 可数名词：可以计数的名词 名词复数可数名词 不可数名词：不可计数的名词没有复数形式,前面不能用不定冠词a, an,也不能直接加数词. 但可以跟某些量词短语搭配,表示数量,如: a glass of water, two cups of tea. A.可数名词 1. 单数可数名词，表示“一”的概念，指单个的可数物体。要用名词的单数形式，表示名词的单数，要在名词前加冠词a或an。（an多用于以a ,e, i, o,开头的单词）eg： a book/ tree an apple/ egg 2.复数名词：指两个或以上的可数物体。 名词复数的规则变化。 ①在一般情况下，词尾后加-s。books，cups，beds，boys，horses ②. 以s，x，sh，ch结尾的词，词尾加-es，读|iz| buses，boxes，dishes碟子，watches ③以f或fe结尾的词，先将f或fe变成v，再加-es，读|vz| half—halves，knife—knives
小刀wife wives ④以辅音字母加o结尾的词，词尾加-es。tomatoes，potatoes 注意：A.如果是元音字母加o结尾的名词只加s：zoos，radios，vedios B.有特殊的以辅音字母加o结尾的也加s : photo---photos; piano---pianos 钢琴 ⑤以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先将y改为i再加-es。cities，families，babies 3 名词复数的不规则变化。man—men，tooth—teeth牙齿，child—children， sheep—sheep绵羊，deer---deer小鹿 foot----feet脚Chinese –Chinese Japanese –Japanese 4 有些名词只有复数形式clothes，trousers裤子，glasses，socks , shorts , pants , shoes 通常是以复数的形式出现。*另外，当我要表达一双袜子，一条裤子等时，要说成 a pair of socks a pair of shorts 5.一些代词和其他词复数的不规则变化。 ①I --- we ②you –you ③he, she, it -- they ④me---us ⑤him/her/it---them ⑥ this --- these ⑦ that – those ⑧ my – our ⑨ her, his, its – their ⑩ am/ is – are a/ an –some
名词:在名词中要注意的是名词的可数与不可数，单、复数形式及所有格问题。常用的不可数名词：milk, , meat, fruit, food, paper, weather；单复数一致：sheep, fish(做鱼肉讲时,不可数), Chinese, Japanese；本身就是复数形式：people 1. There are some ________ on the hill. A. sheeps B. a sheep C. sheep D. sheepes 2. Mr Black often gives us ________ by Email. A. some good information B. some good informations C. good informations D. a good information 3. There are some new books in the school library. They are ____ books. A. child B. childrens' C. children D. children's 4. I have worn out my shoes, so I want to buy a new ________ . A. pair B. one C. ones D. trousers 5. Meimei's handwriting is better than any other ______ in his class. A. students B. students C. student's D. students' 6. The hospital is a bit far from here. It's about _______ . A. forty minutes's walk B. forty minute's walk C. forty minutes walk D. forty minutes' walk 7. How many _____ are there in your class ? A. Japanese B. American C. Australian D. Canadian 8. I found my black cat in_____ room. A. Jim and Mike B. Jim and Mike's C. Jim's and Mike's D. Jim's and Mike 9. How much are the _____ ? A. bread B. meats. C. potatos D. tomatoes 10. There are many ______ in our school. A. woman teachers B. woman's teachers C. women teachers D. women's teachers 11. Three months ________ a long time for me. A. is B. are C. have D. has 12. There are ______ and ______ on the table. A. two boxes cake; four bottle of oranges B. two boxes cake; four bottle of orange C.
A：名词复数的变化规则 a. 在一般情况下，词尾后面加s b. 以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词，词尾加﹣es，读[iz] buses boxes dishes watches c. 以f 或fe 结尾的词，先将f 或fe 变成v，再加es,读[vz] half → halves 注意：有时，以f 或fe 结尾的词变复数时，不需将f或fe变成v,再加﹣es.而只需在结尾直接加﹣s即可。roof →roofs belief → beliefs safe → safes chief → chiefs 例外：还有一种特殊情况，即：个别以f或fe结尾的词会有两种复数形式。handkerchief → handkerchiefs → handkerchieves手帕，方巾 d. 以o结尾的词，词尾加﹣es 或﹣s,都读[z]hero → heroes Negro → Negroes potato → potatoes tomato → tomatoes zoo → zoos piano → pianos photo → photos radio → radios bamboo ﹣bamboos e. 以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先将y改为i再加﹣es 读[iz]city → cityes 注意：以元音字母﹢y结尾的名词单数变复数时，直接加﹣s，如：boys f. 以th 结尾的词，在词尾加﹣s mouth → mouths path → paths B. 名词复数的不规则变化 a. 元音发生变化man men woman women foot feet tooth teeth mouse mice goose geese b. 词尾发生变化child children c. 单、复数形式不变fish sheep deer Chinese Japanese中日不变英法变这些词是可数名词，且单复数形式相同，例：There are plenty of fish in the pool. 另外，fish 作为“鱼肉”讲时是不可数的。There is much fish on the plate. d. 有些名词只有复数形式clothes trousers pants glasses scissors 说明：如果要表示一条裤子，一副眼镜等，需用词组。 I want to buy two pairs of trousers. 重要：可数名词表示复数时，可以和few, a few, many, a large number of, a lot of, lots of, plenty of等连用。 注意：还有些名词虽然是以s结尾，但是它不是名词的复数，而是单词本身词尾为s。各学科的名称中许多属于此类名词，应把它们作为名词单数来看。例如：maths physics politics means Wales Physics is very difficult for me. C. 合成名词变为复数时 ⑴把第一个或最后一个词变成复数passerby passersby son﹣in﹣law sons﹣in﹣law girl﹣friend girl﹣friends ⑵把构成合成名词的两个词都要变为复数man doctor- men doctors woman teacher women- teachers man servant- men servants 说明：这一类的合成名词多为由man, woman构成的合成词。 注意：fish 作“鱼”讲时，单复数一样，是可数名词。chicken fish还可以作“鱼肉”讲，此时它是不可数名词。 2. 不可数名词（表示不能计算数目的人或物，称为不可数名词，它们前面不能用不定冠词a/ an,没有复数形式。物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词。—— I like music. There is no water or air on the moon. A.用容器来表示不可数名词的量 a cup of coffee a jar of jam a piece of news a piece of wood a tube of toothpaste a piece/ sheet of paper a piece/ slice of bread
3 名词单复数及所有格练习 1、There_______on the wall .They are very beautiful. A.are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos 2.This car_______made in Shanghai. A.is B .are C .were D .has 3.There are four_______and two_______in the group. A.Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,German D.Japanese, Germans 4.That’s_______art book. A.an B. a C. the D are 5.The boys have got_______already. A.two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 6.The old man wants_______. . A.six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples 7.There_______some_______in the river. A.is, fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are, fish 8.There_______two_______in the box. A.is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watches 9.We should clean_______twice a day. A .our tooth B. our tooths C. teeth D. our teeth 10.The _____ meeting room is near the reading room. A.teacher B.teacher’s C.teachers’ D.teachers 11.In Britain _____ are all painted red. A.letter boxes B.letters boxes C. letter box D.letters box 12.Would you like something to drink, Tara? -Yes, I’d like some_______ A.sandwiches B. hot dogs C. water D. bread 13.The little baby has two_______already. A.tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths 14.Help yourself to_______. A.some chickens B. a chicken C. some chicken D. any chicken 15.The_______teachers have two_______to live in. A.woman; room B. women; rooms C. woman; rooms D. women; room 16.They are very thirsty. Will you please give them_______? A. some bottles of waters B. some bottles of water C. some bottle of water D. any bottle of milk 17. It’s autumn,_______are falling(降落)down_______from trees. A.leaf B. leafs C. leaves D. leaves 18. There are five_______under the tree.