2018高考真题英语浙江卷

2018年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ卷）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AWashington,D.C.Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington,D.C.Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom.Reserve your spot before availability—the cherry blossoms—disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration:3hours(4miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington,D.C.Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike,helmet,cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour In Washington,D.C.Duration:3hoursMorning or Afternoon,this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C.newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington,D.C.in a healthy way with minimum effort.Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most,interesting stories about Presidents,Congress,memorials,and fortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线)make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration:3hours(7miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington,D.C.Get up close to the monuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall.Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history.Tour includes bike,helmet,and bottled water.All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21.Which tour do you need to book in advance?A.Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington,D.C.B.Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.D.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A.Meet famous people.B.Go to a national park.C.Visit well-known museums.D.Enjoy interesting stories.23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A.City maps.B.Cameras.C.MealsD.Safety lightsBGood Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning,but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role—showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money:Good Food,she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste,while preparing recipes for under£5per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s leant into practice in her own home,preparing meals for sons,Sam,14,Finn,13,and Jack,11.“We love Mexican churros,so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,”she explains.“I pay£5for a portion(一份),but Matt makes them for26p a portion,because they are flour, water,sugar and oil.Everybody can buy takeaway food,but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”The eight-part series(系列节自),Save Money:Good Food,follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money:Good Health,which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense,Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week.In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget.The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24.What do we know about Susanna Reid?A.She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B.She has started a new programme.C.She dislikes working early in the morning.D.She has had a light budget for her family.25.How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A.He buys cooking materials for her.B.He prepares food for her kids.C.He assists her in cooking matters.D.He invites guest families for her.26.What does the author intend to do in paragraph4?A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.B.Provide some advice for the readers.C.Add some background information.D.Introduce a new topic for discussion.27.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB.Balancing Our Daily DietC.Making yourself a Perfect ChefD.Cooking Well for LessCLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers,small,tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that10,000years ago,when the world had just five to ten million people,they spoke perhaps12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards,many of those people started settling down to become farmers,and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent centres,trade,industrialisation,the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education.Especially glbalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many Languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English.Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present,the world has about6,800languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages.Often spoken by many people while hot,wet zones have lots,often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around200Languages:the Americas about1,000.Africa2,400;and Asia and the Pacific perhaps3,200,of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over800.The median number(中位数)of speakers is a mere6.000,which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over400of the total of6,800languages are close to extinction(消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick,at random,Busuu in Cameroon(eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150).Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia(one,with a question-mark):none of these seems to have much chance of survival.28.What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?A.They developed very fast.B.They were large in number.C.They had similar patters.D.They were closely connected29.Which of the following best explains“dominant”underlined in paragraph2？plex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modem.30.How many languages are spoken by less than6,000people at present?A.About6,800.B.About3,400.C.About2,400.D.About1,200.31.What is the min idea of the text?A.New languages will be created.B.Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languagesC.Human development results in fewer languagesD.Geography determines language evolution.DWe may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置)well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment—and our wallets—as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life—from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device.This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early1990s.Devices were grouped by generation—Desktop computers,basic mobile phones,and box-set TVs defined1992.Digital cameras arrived on thescene in1997.And MP3players,smart phones,and LCD TVs entered homes in2002,before tablets and e-readers showed up in2007.As we accumulated more devices,however,we didn’t throw out our old ones.“The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’room,and suddenly one day,you have a TV in every room of the house,”said one researcher.The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992to13in2007.We’re not just keeping these old devices—we continue to use them.According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team,old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the1992to2007window.So what’s the solution（解决方案）?The team’s data only went up to2007,but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function,such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32.What does the author think of new devices?A.They are environment-friendly.B.They are no better than the old.C.They cost more to use at home.D.They go out of style quickly.33.Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research?A.To reduce the cost of minerals.B.To test the life cycle of a product.C.To update consumers on new technology.D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34.Which of the following uses the least energy?A.The box-set TV.B.The tablet.C.The LCD TV.D.The desktop computer.35.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A.Stop using them.B.Take them apart.C.Upgrade them.D.Recycle them.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Color is fundamental in home design—something you’ll always have in every room.A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in.Do you want a room that’s full of life?Professional?Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?36, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years,there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.37,they can get a little complex.But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home:the small ones,the medium ones,and the large ones.38.They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows,mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms.Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa,small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas,dinner tables or bookshelves 39.They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones,and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls,ceilings,and floors.Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint,the time,effort and relative expense put into it are significant.40.A.While all of them are usefulB.Whatever you’re looking forC.If you’re experimenting with a colorD.Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar withE.It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF.So it pays to be sure,because you want to get it right the first timeG.Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2018年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅱ卷）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ASummer ActivitiesStudents should read the list with their parents/carers,and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalized,parents/carers will be asked to sign to confirm their child’s choices.Activity Description Memberof staffCostOutdoor Adventure (OUT)Take yourself out of your comfort zone for a week,discover new personal qualities,and learn new skills.You will be able to take part in a number of activitiesfrom canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor.Learnrock climbing and work as a team,and enjoy the greatoutdoor environment.Mr.Clemens￡140WWI Battlefields and Paris (WBP)On Monday we travel to London.After stayingovernight in London,we travel on Day2to northernFrance to visit the World War I battlefields.On Day3we cross into Belgium.Thursday sees us make the shortjourney to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Parispark,staying until late to see the parade and thefireworks.Our final day,Friday,sees us visit centralParis and tour the main sights.Mrs.Wilson￡425Crafty Foxes Four days of product design centred around textiles.Making lovely objects using recycled and madeMrs.Goode￡30(CRF)materials.Bags,cushions and decorations…Learnskills and leave with modern and unusual textiles.Potty aboutPotter(POT)Visit Warner Bros Studio,shop stop to buy picnic,stayovernight in an approved Youth Hostel inStreatley-on-Thames,guided tour of Oxford to see thefilm locations,picnic lunch outside Oxford’sChristchurch,boating on the River Cherwell through theUniversity Parks,before heading back to Exeter.MissDrake￡15021.Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping?A.OUT.B.WBP.C.CRF.D.POT.22.What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs.Wilson?A.Travel to London.B.See a parade and fireworks.C.Tour central Paris.D.Visit the WWI battlefields.23.How long does Potty about Potter last?A.Two days.B.Four days.C.Five days.D.One week.BMany of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance.These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia’s fields are little powerhouses of nutritionalprotection.Of the common berries,strawberries are highest in vitamin C,although,because of their seeds,raspberries contain a little more protein(蛋白质),iron and zinc(not that fruits have much protein).Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants(抗氧化物质).The yellow and orange stone fruits suchas peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants.As for cherries(樱桃),they are so delicious who cares?However,they are rich in vitamin C.When combined with berries or slices of other fruits,frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick,cooling fruit shakes and low fat“ice cream”.For this purpose,select ripe bananas for freezing as they aremuch sweeter.Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze.If you like,asqueeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown.Frozen bananas will last several weeks,depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.If you have a juicer,you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit.Out comes a“soft-serve”creamy dessert,to be eaten right away.This makes a fun activity for a children’s party;they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.24.What does the author seem to like about cherries?A.They contain protein.B.They are high in vitamin A.C.They have a pleasant taste.D.They are rich in antioxidants.25.Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas?A.To make them smell better.B.To keep their colour.C.To speed up their ripening.D.To improve their nutrition.26.What is“a juicer”in the last paragraph?A.A dessert.B.A drink.C.A container.D.A machine.27.From which is the text probably taken?A.A biology textbook.B.A health magazine.C.A research paper.D.A travel brochure.CTeens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun,according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers,some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children’s lives,and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.According to the report’s key findings,“the proportion(比例)who say they‘hardly ever’read for fun has gone from8percent of13-year-olds and9percent of17-year-olds in1984to22percent and27 percent respectively today.”The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children,ages2-8,remain largely the same.But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined,from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.When it comes to technology and reading,the report does little to counsel(建议)parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading.It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading,mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently,compared to infrequent readers,have more books in the home,more books purchased for them, parents who read more often,and parents who set aside time for them to read.As the end of school approaches,and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近)ahead,parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore.28.What is the Common Sense Media report probably about?A.Children’s reading habits.B.Quality of children’s books.C.Children’s after-class activities.D.Parent-child relationships.29.Where can you find the data that best supports“children are reading a lot less for fun”?A.In paragraph2.B.In paragraph3.C.In paragraph4.D.In paragraph5.30.Why do many parents limit electronic reading?A.E-books are of poor quality.B.It could be a waste of time.C.It may harm children’s health.D.E-readers are expensive.31.How should parents encourage their children to read more?A.Act as role models for them.B.Ask them to write book reports.C.Set up reading groups for them.D.Talk with their reading class teachers.DWe’ve all been there:in a lift,in line at the bank or on an airplane,surrounded by people who are, like us,deeply focused on their smartphones or,worse,struggling with the uncomfortable silence.What’s the problem?It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence.It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging,or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary.But the next time you find yourself among strangers,consider that small talk is worth the trouble.Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy,but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation.Small talk is the grease(润滑剂)for social communication,says Bernardo Carducci,director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast.“Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,”he explains.“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others,not just communicate with them.”In a2014study,Elizabeth Dunn,associate professor of psychology at UBC,invited people on their way into a coffee shop.One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动)with its waiter;the other,to speak only when necessary.The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience.“It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,”say Dunn.“But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.”Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others.Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk.“Small talk is the basis of good manners,”he says.32.What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?A.Addiction to smartphones.B.Inappropriate behaviours in public places.C.Absence of communication between strangers.D.Impatience with slow service.33.What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?A.Showing good manners.B.Relating to other people.C.Focusing on a topic.D.Making business deals.34.What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?A.It improves family relationships. B.It raises people’s confidence.C.It matters as much as formal talk.D.It makes people feel good.35.What is the best title for the text?A.Conversation CountsB.Ways of Making Small TalkC.Benefits of Small TalkD.Uncomfortable Silence第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标III卷）英语注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

@网例: How much is the shirt ?A. £ 19.15.B. £ 9.18.C. £ 9.15.1. What does Joh n find difficult in lear ning Germa n ?A .Pronun ciatio n. B. Vocabulary. C. Grammar.2. What is the probable relati on ship betwee n the speakers ?A. Colleagues.B. Brother and sister.C. Teacher and stude nt.3. Where does the conversation probably take place ?A. In a ban k.B. At a ticket office.C. On a train.4. What are the speakers talk ing about ?A. A restaura nt.B.A street.C.A dish.5. What does the woma n thi nk of her in terview ?A. It was tough.B. It was in terest ing.C. It was successful.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 项中选出最佳选项。

2018年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标I）听力试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例: How much is the shirt?A. £ 19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C.1. What will James do tomorrow?A. Watch a TV program.B. Give a talk.C. Write a report.2. What can we say about the woman?A. She’s generous.B. She’s curious.C. She’s helpful.3. When does the train leave?A. At 6:30.B. At 8:30.C. At 10:30.4. How does the woman go to work?A. By car.B. On foot.C. By bike.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后面有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

语法填空一．词汇应用（共1小题）1．（2018•浙江）Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook．Making Chinese（1）（dish）is seen as especially troublesome．Many westerners（2）come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap（3）can be to eat out．I still remember（4）（visit）a friend who'd lived here for five years and I（5）（shock）when I learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time．While regularly eating out seems to（6）（become）common for many young people in recent years，it's not without a cost．The obvious one is money；eating out once or twice a week may be（7）（afford）but doing this most days adds up．There could be an even（8）（high）cost on your health．Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in（9）（weigh）problems．If you are not going to suffer this problem，then I suggest that the next time you go to your mums'home（10）dinner，get a few cooking tips from her．Cooking food can be fun．You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket．二．语法填空（共20小题）2．（2020•山东）Many people have the hobby of collecting things，e．g．stamps，postcard or antiques．In the18th and19th centuries，（1）（wealth）people travelled and collected plants，historical objects and works of art．They kept their collection at home until it got too big（2）until they died，and then it was given to a museum．The80，000objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane，for example，（3）（form）the core collection of the British Museum（4）opened in1759．The parts of a museum open to the public（5）（call）galleries or rooms．Often，only a small part ofa museum's collection（6）（be）on display．Most of it is stored away or used for research．Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors．As well as looking at exhibits，visitors can play with computer simulations（模拟）and imagine（7）（they）living at a different time in history or （8）（walk）through a rainforest．At the Jorvik Centre in York，the city's Viking settlement is recreated，and people experience the sights，sounds and smells of the old town．Historical（9）（accurate）is important but so is entertainment．Museums must compete（10）people's spare time and money with other amusements．Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children．3．（2020•浙江）Some time after10，000BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived （1），through agriculture．Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on（2）could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown．Farming produced more food per person（3）hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children．And，as more children were born，more food（4）（need）．Agriculture gave people theirfirst experience of the power of technology（5）（change）lives．By about6000BC，people（6）（discover）the best crops to grow and animals to raise．Later，they learned to work with the（7）（season），planting at the right time and，in dry areas，（8）（make）use of annual floods to irrigate（灌溉）their fields．This style of farming lasted for quite a long time．Then，with（9）rise of science，changes began．New methods（10）（mean）that fewer people worked in farming．In the last century or so，these changes have accelerated．New power machinery and artificial fertilizers（化肥）have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age．4．（2020•河北、湖南、湖北、江西、广东、安徽、福建）China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon．The unmanned Chang'e﹣4probe（探测器）﹣the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess﹣（1）（touch）down last week in the South Pole﹣Aitken basin．Landing on the moon's far side is（2）（extreme）challenging．Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe，China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot（3）it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth．The far side of the moon is of particular（4）（interesting）to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters（环形山），more so（5）the familiar near side．Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e﹣4（6）（find）and study areas of the South Pole﹣Aitken basin．"This really excites scientists，"Carle Pieters，a scientist at Brown University，says，"because it（7）（mean）we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon（8）（construct）．"Data about the moon's composition，such as how（9）ice and other treasures it contains，could help China decide whether（10）（it）plans for a future lunar（月球的）base are practical．5．（2020•浙江）Something significant is happening to the world population﹣it is aging．The median（中位数的）age of an American in1950（1）（he）30﹣today it is41and is expected（2）（increase）to42 by2050．For Japan，the（3）（number）are more striking22in1950，46today and53in2050．In 2015，one in12people around the world were over65；by2050，it will be one in six．This aging of the population is driven（4）two factors．The first is declining birth rates：which means old generations are Large（5）（compare）to younger generations，and so，on average，the population becomes（6）（old）than before．This is（7）（particular）true in the US．Thesecond reason is that people are living longer．A child born in the US today has（8）very realistic chanceof living beyond100and needs to plan accordingly．People tend to focus on the first factor．However，greater attention should（9）（place）on longevity （长寿）．It isn't just that people are，on average，living longer．It's also that they are on average healthier （10）more productive for longer．Therefore，they can work for longer，consume more and in general be boost to the economy．6．（2019•上海）Millions of Baby Olive Ridley Turtles Emerge in OrissaNature is full of wonders．In（1）is one of the most breathtaking sights in nature，millions of baby Ridley turtles broke out of their eggshells under the sand at one of their mass nesting grounds in coastal Orissa．The baby turtles started their journey towards the Bay of Bengal（2）they emerged from their nest in the southern district of Ganjam，about175km from Bhubaneshwar．Orissa is the home to three mass nesting sites of the Oliver turtles，a species（3）（threaten）with extinction，and one of the sites，Gahirmatha，（4）around70to80million turtles lay eggs on the beach every year，is considered one of the world's largest nesting sites．The female turtles drag（5）up the beach from the sea，dig a nest，lay at least one hundred eggs，cover and conceal their eggs and nest，and then return to the sea．The females never visit the nest again to take care of the eggs that（6）（deposit）in the warm sand．The baby turtles emerge from the eggs after4560days，then the babies grow without their mother，which is a rare phenomenon in nature，Interestingly，it is on the same beach where they were born（7）the females lay their eggs．In the recent years，sea erosion has led to many turtles'nest（8）（damage）or destroyed．Also，some fierce animals such as dogs and birds（9）（reduce）the number of nesting turtles．And of course man has also had a negative impact（10）using engine﹣powered fishing boats near the turtles'nesting grounds．7．（2019•北京）AOn the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach．I（1）（voice）my biggest concern to my mother，"How will I make friends？"She handed me advice，"Be yourself．"For thepast20years，I have lived by these words．Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world．Nervously （2）（face）challenges，I know I will whisper to（3）（I）the two simple words"Be yourself"．BEarth Day，（4）（mark）on22April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection．First celebrated（5）1970，the Day now includes events in more than190 countries and regions（地区）．No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various（6）（activity）on Earth Day．You can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save power﹣the possibilities are endless．CDoes the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question（7）（suggest）that，for most students，it doesn't．What students do at college seems to matter much more than（8）they go．The students benefitting most from college are those（9）are totally engaged（参与）in academic life，taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources（资源）．Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend，and it's never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and（10）（meaning）college experience．8．（2019•浙江）There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea．First of all，uniforms help the school look smart．The students feel that they belong to a particular group．When every pupil in the school wears the uniform，nobody（1）（have）to worry about fashion（时尚）．Everybody wears（2）same style of clothes．Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways．A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform．On the edge of the jacket，there is a piece of cloth（3）gives off light in the dark．When the children are walking or（4）（cycle）to school on dark mornings，car drivers can（5）（easy）see them．But can uniforms help improve school standards？The answer（6）this question is not clear．One study in America found that students'grades（7）（improve）a little after the school introduced uniforms．But some students didn't want（8）（wear）the uniform．Other American studies showedno（9）（connect）between uniforms and school performance．School uniforms are（10）（tradition）in Britain，but some schools are starting to get rid of them．Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy．However，uniforms are still popular．Pupils at about90percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms．9．（2019•海南）A90﹣year﹣old has been awarded"Woman Of The Year"for（1）（be）Britain's oldest full﹣time employee﹣still working40hours a week．Now Irene Astbury works from9am to5pm daily at the petshop in Macclesfield，（2）she opened with her late husband Les．Her years of hard work have（3）（final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year．Picking up her"Lifetime Achievement"award，proud Irene（4）（declare）she had no plans（5）（retire）from her36﹣year﹣old business．Irene said，"I don't see any reason to give up work．I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I（6）（make）over the years．I work not because I have to，（7）because I want to．"Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31﹣who works alongside her in the family business﹣said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award．She said，"We don't have any idea who put grandma forward．When we got a call（8）（say）she was short﹣listed，we thought it was（9）joke．But then we got an official letter and we were blown away．We are so proud of her．It's（10）（wonder）．"10．（2018•上海）My Kid﹣free LifeI had expected to have more free time after my sons，Evan and Alex，each left for college，and I do．The kitchen calendar looks spare．Rarely（1）I need to prepare family dinner every day．There is a lot（2）（little）laundry．When the boys were infants，I wondered how I（3）（spend）all the hours before they were born．（4）I have those hours back，I can focus on my own needs．I had also expected to worry about them when they were away．And I do，Did they get their flu shots（流感疫苗注射）？Will they remember the talks about"good choices"？On the other hand，the worry is mixed with relief．I have seen（5）vigorously they grow without me．Do I miss them？Yes．Both more and less than I'd guessed．Do I feel united for having lost my primary rolein life？No，because over the year，I took great pride（6）the fact that my identity was not dependenton theirs．But，surprisingly，yes．（7）（be）a different kind of mother defines me now．The missing comes at unexpected moments：seeing the school bus drive by，starting to put too many plates on the table．When they have doubts about friendships or job prospects，I can only say，"I'm sure you will figure it out．"And yet，the spaces（8）（empty）by loss are more than filled by what I've found．I now have the chance（9）（see）them as the whole world does but also like no one else ever will．As adults I happened to help create．The rooms（10）the boys used to live look vacant．I feel sadness but also joy．I knew they would leave，but they will find their way back．My home is empty．But overflowing．11．（2018•上海）A comprehensive study of4，500children conducted by the National Institutes of Health in2018 shows that children who spent more than seven hours a day staring at screens showed evidence of premature thinning of their brain's cortex the outer layer that processes sensory information．"We don't know if it（1）（cause）by the screen time．We don't know yet if it's a bad thing．It won't be until we follow them over time （2）we will see if there are outcomes that are associated with the differences that we're seeing in this single snapshot，"Dr．Gaya Dowling．"What we can say is that this is（3）the brains look like of kids who spend a lot of time on screens．And it's not just one pattern．"The problem isn't just screens（4），but also the way screens tempt kids（and adults）away from something far more important：physical activity．More than23percent of adults and80percent of adolescents don't get enough physical activity，and according to a2019report from the World Health Organization（WHO），these patterns of activity and rest arise（5）habits we develop early in life．"What we really need to do is （6）（bring）back play for children，"says Dr．Juana Willumsen，a WHO specialist in childhood obesity and physical activity，in a statement about new WHO guidelines issued in April2019．"This is about making the shift from sedentary time to playtime，while（7）（protect）sleep．"Of course，children aren't completely to blame for their screen addiction．Sometimes，the parents（8）complain about the role of screens in family life are just as guilty of spending too much time in front of one．A2016study（9）（conduct）by Common Sense Media found that parents spend up to nine hours a day in front of screens，mostly not for work﹣related reasons．While78 percent of parents said they believed they were good screen time role models，the study found a disconnect between their behavior and their perception of their behavior．Parents need to limit screen time for themselves and especially for their kids（10）it means playing the bad guy．Our mental and physical health depends on it．12．（2018•浙江）The Caffeine CatchCaffeine，a chemical typically found in coffee，has caused a lot of concern because it is one of the few drugs that show up regularly in our food supply．You probably（1）（use）caffeine since childhood．Caffeine （2）（be）in your first Coke．If you ever enjoyed a chocolate bar，you ate caffeine．Soft drinks arethe major source（来源）of caffeine for most children and even some adults．（3）（recent），caffeine has found its way into orange，apple，and other flavored drinks．Small amounts of caffeine﹣a cup（4）two of coffee a day﹣seem safe for most people．However，some people have trouble with even small amounts．One cup of coffee（5）the late afternoon or evening will cause（6）（they）to stay awake almost all night．Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem （7）（call）caffeinism．You get very nervous and you can't sleep．It is possible（8）caffeine may cause birth defects（缺陷）in humans，too．One study showed that （9）（woman）who drank a lot of coffee，like eight or more cups per day，while they were pregnant were more likely（10）（have）children with birth defects．13．（2017•上海）In the presence of animalsA professor of public health at UCLA says that pet ownership might provide a new form of health care．As far back as the1790s，the elderly at a senior citizens'home in England（1）（encourage）to spend time with farm animals．This would help patients'mental state more than the cruel therapies（2）（use）on the mentally ill at the time．In recent years，scientists have finally begun to find proof（3）contact with animals can increase a sick person's chance of survival and have shown（4）（lower）heart rate，calm upset children，and get people to start a conversation．Scientists think that animals'companionship is beneficial（5）animals are accepting and attentive，and they don't criticize or give orders．Animals have the unique ability to be more social．For example，visitors to nursing homes get more social responses from patients when they come with animal companions．Not only do people seem（6）（anxious）when animals are nearby，but they may also live longer．Studies show that a year（7）heart surgery，survival rates for heart patients were higher for those with pets in their homes than those without pets．Elderly people with pets make fewer trips to doctors than those without animal companions，possibly because animals relieve loneliness．Staying with animals is believed to create a peaceful state of mind，（8）（result）in a favorable environment for everyone．Research confirms that the findings concerning senior citizens can be applied to restless children．They are more easy﹣going when there are animals around，with（9）company they tend to calm down more easily．They involve（10）in playing with animals and the presence of animals conforms them greatly．14．（2017•上海）"Zootopia"Broke Disney RecordsLast weekend，the latest Disney movie，"Zootopia，"broke records．The movie had the largest opening weekend for a Disney animation（动画片）．People across the United States bought more than﹩75million worth of tickets．"Zootopia"is a city of animals．The movie stars a rabbit police officer and a fox criminal（1）team upto find a missing otter（水獭）．He is among several animals that have suddenly disappeared from the city．"Zootopia"（2）（praise）for its sharp humor and strong message since its release．The film explores racism and other issues in its description of relations（3）two kinds of animals in the city．Jared Bush and Phil Johnston wrote"Zootopia．"They told reporters that it started out as a spy movie（4）（set）in several different contexts．But they changed the story（5）they found the animal world especially interesting．They said to（6）something like this．"What's this world like？What's the history of this world？"And then，Bush said，they went to the experts．Not only（7）the writers speak with people who study couture and group behavior，but also they talked with animal experts like zookeepers．The creators have noted that the variety of animals was not easy（8）（produce）in drawings．In the movie，64species live in multiple neighborhoods（9）（represent）different animals'living environments．Disney says"Zootopia"is its（10）（complex）animation yet．The extra effort is certainly paying off at the box office．15．（2017•浙江）Last October，while tending her garden in Mora，Sweden，Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handfulof small（1）（carrot）and was about to throw them away．But something made her look closer，andshe noticed a（2）（shine）object．Yes，there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long﹣lost wedding ring．Pahlsson screamed（3）loudly that her daughter came running from the house．"she thought I had hurt （4）（I），"says Pahlsson．Sixteen years（5）（early），Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring（6）（cook）a meal．When she wanted to put the ring back on later，it was gone．She suspected that one of her three daughters ﹣then ten，eight，and six﹣had picked it up，but the girls said they hadn't．Pahlsson and her husband（7）（search）the kitchen，checking every corner，but turned up nothing．"I gave up hope of finding my ring again，"she says．She never replaced it．Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got（8）（sweep）into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden，（9）it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted（生长）through it．For Pahlsson，its return was（10）wonder．16．（2016•上海）Stress：Good or Bad？Stress used to be an almost unknown word，but now that we are used to talking about it，I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed．In recent years，stress（33）（regard）as a cause of a whole range of medical problems，from high blood pressure to mental illness．But like so many other things，it is only too much stress（34）does you harm．It is time you considered that if there were no stress in your life，you would achieve a little．If you are stuck at home with no stress，then your level of performance will be low．Up to a certain point，the more stress you are under，the（35）（good）your performance will be．Beyond a certain point，though，further stress will only lead to exhaustion，illness and finally a breakdown．You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope，by asking yourself（36）number of questions．Do you，for instance，feel that too much is being expected of（37），and yet find it impossible to say no？Do you find yourself getting impatient or（38）（annoy）with people over unimportant things？…If the answer to all those questionsis yes，you had better（39）（control）your stress，as you probably are under more stress than is goodfor you．To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life．Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events．Getting married is50，pregnancy40，moving house20，Christmas12，etc．If the total stress in your life is over150，you are twice as likely（40）（get）ill．17．（2016•上海）Bags of LoveLast year，I was assigned to work at an office near my mother's house，so I stayed with her for a month．During that time，I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries．After less than a week，I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly﹣we were always suddenly out of something．（25）（wonder）how my mum could consume them so quickly，I began observing her daily routine for two weeks．To my surprise，I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and head out every morning at about nine．Eventually，I decided to follow her and（26）happened truly amazed me．She was taking the food to the refugee camp，in（27）she distributed it to children．I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area．The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother．Then it hit me﹣shy would she mot want to tell me about what she（28）（do）？Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop（29）（buy）the groceries if I found out？When she got home，I told her about my discovery．（30）she could react，I gave her a big hug and told her she didn't need to keep it a secret（31）me．She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets．For years，my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare．I was so impressed by（32）selfless she was．18．（2016•四川）The giant panda（61）（love）by people throughout the world．Chinese scientists（62）（recent）had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby．She was a very（63）（care）mother．For25days，she never left her baby，not even to find something（64）（eat）!She would not let any other pandas come near．She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean．Any smell might attract natural（65）（enemy）that would try to eat the little comforting pats．The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does．（66）it cried，she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats，the mother continued to care for the young panda（67）more than two years．By that time，the panda no longer needed（68）（it）mother for food．However，it stayed with her and leaned about the ways of the forest．Then，after two and a half years，the mother（69）（drive）the young panda away．It was time for her to have a new baby，（70）it was also time for the young panda to be independent．19．（2014•上海）The giant vending machine（自动售货机）is a new village shopVillagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies．However，help is now nearer at hand in the form of the country's first automatic push﹣button shop．Now residents in the Derbyshire village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week．Peter Fox，who is（33）electrical engineer，spent two and a half years working on the project．The machine（34）（equip）with security cameras and alarms，and looks like a mini shop with a brick front，a grey roof and a display window．Mr．Fox said he hoped his invention，（35）is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months，will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities．He said："I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn't find a manufacturer who could deliver what I wanted，so I did it by（36）．The result is what amounts to a huge outdoor vending machine．Yet I think the term automatic shop is far（37）（appropriate）．"In recent years，the commercial pressure from supermarket chains（38）（force）village shops across the country to close．In2010，it was estimated that about400village shops closed，（39）（urge）the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set﹣up new community stores．Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their own volunteer﹣run shops，but Mr．Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution（40）those villages without a local shop．20．（2014•上海）My stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university，I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town．So I decidedto leave home for New York，（1）I might have a better chance to find a good job．（2）（earn）some money to pay the daily expenses，I started work in a local caféas a waiter．I believed that（3）I was offered a good position，I would resign at once．Over time，the high cost of living became a little burden on my already（4）（exhaust）shoulders．On the other hand，my search for a respectable job had not met with much success．As I had studied literature at university，I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies．Mother had said that （5）I wanted to have a better career advancement，I had to find work in the city．Perhaps，（6）my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind．I just did as she had expected．Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it．Apparently，I had difficulty（7）（adapt）myself to life in the city，let alone finding a job to my delight．After nine months of frustration．I eventually decided to go back to my small town．Not until I returned（8）I realise that a quiet town life was the best for me．21．（2012•上海）A．maintained B．serious C．indications D．figures E．anxiousF．concern G crisis H．decided I．available J．reversedFilmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn，ice cream and soft drinks that they buy in cinemas，according to the Food Standard Agency．Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made（41），the nutrition inspector said．Tim Smith，chief executive of the agency，told The77mes that cinemas should help to deal with the country's overweight（42）．"There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie﹣free，but that is not the case．It is a（43）to us，"he said．"Portion sizes are also a big issue，and there seems to be increasingly big packs onsale．"He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manger，Wimpey and The Real Greek（44）to put calorie counts on all their menus．A trial scheme（试行方案）with21food companies took place last summer，and（45）are that consumers altered their buying habits when they realised the number of calories in a product．A consultation（征询意见）on the trial ends next month but Mr Smith is already planning the second drive for American﹣style calorie counts and is（46）to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places，from football grounds to concert halls．。

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国I卷）英语注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19. 15.B. £9. 18.C. £9. 15.答案是C。

1.What will James do tomorrow?A.Watch a TV program.B. Give a talk.C. Write a report.2.What can we say about the woman?A.She’s generous.B. She’s curious.C. She’s helpful.3.When does the train leave?A.At 6:30.B. At 8:30.C. At 10:30.4.How does the woman go to work?A.By car.B. On foot.C. By bike.5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国1卷）英语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A.£19.15.答案是C。

1.What will James do tomorrow?B.£9.18.C.£9.15.A.Watch a TV program.B.Give a talk.C.Write a report.2.What can we say about the woman?A.She’s generous.3.When does the train leave?A.At6:30.B.She’s curious.B.At8:30.C.She’s helpful.C.At10:30.4.How does the woman go to work?A.By car.B.On foot.C.By bike.5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacher and student.C.Doctor and patient.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

2020全国I卷China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.The unmanned Chang’e-4probe(探测器)-the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess1(touch)down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is2(extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot3it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.The far side of the moon is of particular4 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)，more so5 the familiar near side.Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-46(find)and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.＂This really excites scientists,＂Carle Pieters,a scientist at Brown University,says,＂because it7(mean)we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon8(construct)＂Data about the moon’s composition,such as how 9ice and other treasures it contains,could help China decide whether10 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.2020新高考山东卷Many people have the hobby of collecting things,e.g.stamps,postcards or antiques.In the18th and19th centuries,1(wealth)people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big2until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane,for example,3(form)the core collection of the British Museum4opened in 1759.The parts of a museum open to the public5(call)galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection6(be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors.As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟）and imagine 7(they) living at a different time in history or8(walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York,the city's Viking settlement is recreated,and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical9(accurate) is important but so is entertainment.Museums must compete10people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.2020全国II卷Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year Chinese New Year is a1(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.This is why decorating with plants,fruits and flowers 2(carry) special significance. They represent the earth___3(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:Oranges: Orange trees are more4decoration; they are a symbol of goodfortune and wealth.They make great gifs and you see them many times5 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office.___ 6(certain) during the holiday period, this plant isa must. Bamboo plants are associated7health, abundance and a happy home.They are easy8(care) for and make great presents.Branches of Plum Blossoms(梅花):The9(beauty)long branchescovered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are10 _first to flower even as the snow is melting (融化). They represent the promiseof spring and a renewal of life.2020全国III卷In ancient China lived an artist 1.________ paintings were almost lifelike. Theartist's reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 2.________ (fine)work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would. 3.___________(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, theold man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River- perhaps hecould learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.Filled with 4.________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 5._______he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 6._________ (point) down the river. The next morninghe hired a boat and set out7.________ (find) the well-known painter. As the smallboat moved.8.________(gentle)along the river he was left speechless by themountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls andmountains in many shades of blue; And when he saw the mists rising from the riverand the soft clouds9._________(surround)the mountain tops,he was reduced totears.The artist was finally humbled(谦卑)by the greatest artist10._____earth,Mother Nature.2020.7月浙江卷Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control theworld they lived1，through agriculture. Over thousands of years，they beganto depend less on2could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more onanimals they had raised and crops they had sown.Farming produced more food per person3hunting and gathering，sopeople were able to raise more children. And，as more children were born，more food4___（need）.Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power oftechnology5（change）lives.By about6000BC，people6（discover）the best crops to grow andanimals to raise. Later，they learned to work with the7（season），planting at theright time and，in dry areas，8（make）use of annual floods to irrigate（灌溉）their fields.This style of farming lasted for quite a long time.Then，with9rise of science，changes began. New methods10（mean）that fewer people worked in farming.In the last century or so，these changes have accelerated.New power machinery and artificial fertilizers（化肥）have now totally transformed a way，of life that started in the Stone Age.2019全国I卷The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.While they are rare north of88°,there is evidence1 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 2(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modern methods3tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive4(perform)consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut5(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements,leading to a6(believe)that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by7(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集)around human settlements,leading to the illusion(错觉)that populations are8(high)than they actually are.Of69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six10(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.2019全国II卷A 90-year-old has been awarded "Woman Of The Year" for1（be）Britain's oldest full-time employee— still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,2she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have3（final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award, proud Irene4（declare）she had no plans5（retire）from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, "I don't see any reason to give up work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I6（make）over the years. I work not because I have to,7because I want to."Granddaughter Gayle Parks,31—who works alongside her in the family business— said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said,"We don't have any idea who put grandma forward.When we got a call8（say）she was short-listed,we thought it was9joke.But then we got an official letter and we were blown away.We are so proud of her.It's10 (wonder）.”2019全国III卷On our way to the house，it was raining1hard that we couldn't helpwondering how long it would take2（get）there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack3dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters4had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and5（recommend）wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya （木瓜）and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting6（compete）to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many7（tradition）stories about Hawaii that were8（huge）popular with tourists.On the last day of our week-long stay，we9（invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，10（listen）to musicians and meeting interesting locals.2019浙江卷There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea.First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody _1________ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚).Everybody wears_2________same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways,A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform.On the edge of the jacket,there is a piece of cloth _3________gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or _4________ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can _5________ (easy) see them.But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer _6________ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades _7________ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want 8_________(wear)the uniform.Other American studies showed no _9________(connect) between uniforms and school performance.School uniforms are_10________(tradition)in Britain,but some schools are starting to get rid of them.Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.2018.11月浙江卷The Caffeine CatchCaffeine,a chemical typically found in coffee,has caused a lot of concern because it is one of the few drugs that show up regularly in our food supply.You probably1(use) caffeine since childhood. Caffeine2(be) in your first Coke. If you ever enjoyed a chocolate bar, you ate caffeine. Soft drinks are the major source(来源)of caffeine for most children and even some adults.3(recent), caffeine has found its way into orange, apple, and other flavored drinks.Small amounts of caffeine-a cup4two of coffee a day-seem safe for most people. However, some people have trouble with even small amounts. One cup of coffee5the late afternoon or evening will cause6(they)to stayawake almost all rger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem7 (call) caffeinism. You get very nervous and you can't sleep.It is possible8caffeine may cause birth defects(缺陷）in humans,too. One study showed that9(woman)who drank a lot of coffee,like eight or more cups per day,while they were pregnant were more likely10(have) children with birth defects2019北京卷AOn the first day of my first grade,I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I1（voice）my biggest concern to my mother.＂How will I make friends?＂She handed me advice.＂Be yourself.＂For the past20years.I have lived by these words.Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously2（face）challenges, I know I will whisper to3（I）the two simple words＂Be yourself＂.BEarth Day,4（mark）on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.First celebrated51970,the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions（地区）. No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various6（activity）on Earth Day. You can plant a tree, make a meal with locally grown vegetables, or save power —the possibilities are endless.CDoes the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question 7（suggest）that, for most students,it doesn’t. What students do at college seems to matter much more than8they go. The students benefitting most from college are those9are totally engaged（参与）in academic life, taking full advantage of the college’s chances an d resources（资源）. Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend,and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and10（meaning）college experience.2018全国I卷According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years __ 1__(long) than non-runners, You don't have to run fast or for long _ 2__(see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _ 3__(die) early by running.While running regularly can’t make you live forever，the review says it _4___(be)more effective at lengthening life _5__ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in2014__6___showed a mere five to 10 minute a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all __7___（cause）.The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise...it's probably running.To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to___8__(strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always_9___(energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give____10_ a try.2018全国II卷Diets have changed in china-and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 1__ (grow) more corn than rice.Corn production has jumped nearly125 percent over2__ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is3___ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens,pigs,and cattle.Another reason for corn's rise:The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice4____(improve) water quality. Corn uses less water _5 __ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥)runoff. This switch has decreased 6__ ___ (pollute)in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank,China accounts for about30percent of total 7____(globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between2005-when the government8___(start)a soil-testing program9 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers- and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by7.7million tons.That prevented the emission(排放)of51.8million tons of carbon dioxide.China's approach to protecting its environment while10 __(feed)its citizens“offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，”says the bank's Juergen V oegele.2018全国III卷I'm not sure1is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere.I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at2top of her lungs.That makes her baby scream,and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the3(loud)of all.The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.I quickly lower myself,ducking my head to avoid4 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel5(challenge).My name is Mireya Mayor.I'm a6(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching7these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing.No one had seen them for hours,and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other,I was just glad to find8 (they)alive.True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature,the huge animal9 (mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me10(stay)and watch.2018浙江卷Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 1(dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners2cometo China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 3can be to eat out. I still remember4(visit)a friend who’d lived here for five years and I5(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.While regularly eating out seems to6(become) common for many young people in recent years,it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be7(afford)but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even8(high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in9(weigh) problems.If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home __10__ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.参考答案2020全国I卷1. touched2. extremely3. where4. interest5. than6. to find7. means8. is constructed9. much10. its2020山东卷1. wealthy2. or3. formed4. which/that5. are called6. is7. themselves8. walking9. accuracy10. for2020全国II卷1. celebration2. carries3. coming4. than5. decorated6. Certainly7. with8. to care9. beautiful10. the2020全国III卷1 whose2 finest3 be chosen4 curiosity5 when/as6 pointed7 to find8 gently9 surrounding10 on2020浙江卷1 in 2.what 3.than 4.was needed 5 to change6.had discovered7. seasons8. making9. the10. meant2019全国I1. that2. poorly3. of/for4. to perform5.have reported6. belief7. noting8. higher9. the10. are2019全国II1. being2. which3. finally4. declared5. to retire6. have made7. but8. saying9. a10. wonderful2019全国III1. so2. to get3. of4. who5.recommended6. competition7. traditional8. hugely9. were10. listening2019浙江1 has/will have2 the3 that/which4 cycling5 easily6 to7 improved8 to wear9 connection/connections 10 traditional2018.11月浙江卷1 have used / have been using2 is (was)3 Recently4 or5 in6 them7 called8 that9. women10 to have2019北京1. voiced2. facing3. myself4. marked5.in6.activities7. suggests/suggested/has suggested8. where9. who/that10. meaningful2018全国I1 longer2 to see3 dying4 is5 than6 that/which7 causes8 strengthen9 energetic10 it2018全国II1 has grown2 the3 actually4 to improve5 than6 pollution7 global8 started9 that/which10 feeding2018III1. who2. the3. loudest4. looking5. challenged6. scientist7. for8. them9. meant 10. to stay2018浙江1.dishes2.who/that3.it4.visiting5.was shocked6.have become7.affordable8.higher9.weight10.for。

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国Ⅲ卷）英语注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt？A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1.What does John find difficult in learning German?A .Pronunciation. B. Vocabulary. C. Grammar.2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues.B. Brother and sister.C. Teacher and student.3.Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a bank.B. At a ticket office.C. On a train.4. What are the speakers talking about?A.A restaurant.B.A street.C.A dish.5.What does the woman think of her interview?A. It was tough.B. It was interesting.C. It was successful.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

近5年浙江省高考英语真题.七选五汇编一．【2020浙江01月】Let’s take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.31 For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the case for many people around the world. 32 That’s around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water, we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500,000 children die from diarrhoea (腹泻) from dirty water. That’s around 1,400 children every day! Also, in some countries children walk many kilometers every day to get water. 33 Therefore, they don’t have time to learn how to read or write and don’t get an education.34 On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK, children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water. 35 People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.A. We use water indirectly too.B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems.D. If children walk many hours a day to get water, they can’t go to school.E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink?F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.G. In this way, they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.二．【2019浙江6月】Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. 31 At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool.After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England.32 They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends（传说）. John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year.33 They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them.34 The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion（入侵）by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. 35A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s.D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.E. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles.F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night（1964）and Help！（1965）.G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS television's 53rd street studio.三．【2018浙江11月】Some people are so rude. Who sends an e-mail or a text message that just says "Thank you”? Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you?Who asks for a fact easily found on the Internet? ___31_______Maybe I'm the rude one for not appreciating life's little courtesies(礼节）. But many social norms（规范）just don't make sense to people drowning in digital communication.Take the thank-you note. Daniel Post Senning, a coauthor of Emily Post's Etiquette, asked, “At what point does showing appreciation outweigh the cost?"32 Think of how long it takes to listen to one of those messages.In texts, you don't have to declare who you are or even say hello. E-mail, too, is slower than a text. The worst are those who leave a voice mail and then send an e-mail message to tell you they left a voice mail.This isn't the first time technology has changed our manners. 33 Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor, suggested that people say, "Ahoy!” Finally,hello won out, and the victory sped up the greeting's use in face-to-face communications.In the age of the smart phone, there is no reason to ask once-acceptable questions about: the weather forecast, a business's phone number, or directions to a house, a restaurant, or an office, which can be easily found on a digital map. 34 And when you answer, they respond with a thank-you e-mail.How to handle these differing standards? Easy: Consider your audience. Some people, especially older ones ,appreciate a thank-you message. 35 In traditional societies, the young learn from the old.But in modem societies, the old can also learn from the young. Here's hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that time-wasting forms of communication do.A.Then there is voice mail.B.Others,like me,want no reply.C.But people still ask these things.D.Don't these people realize that they're wasting your time?E.Won't new technology bring about changes in our daily life?F. Face-to-face communication makes comprehension much easier.G.When the telephone was invented,people didn't know how to greet a caller.四．【2018浙江6月】Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an accepted and valuable part of your new neighborhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should.(31)___Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property(房产) neat, clean, and in good repair. (32)____ By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously. When going for a walk, take along a small garbage bag. (33)____ This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area.(34)____ If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping. Let them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor.(35)____ By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciates.A. In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.B. A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.F. People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly.五．【2017浙江11月】How to Remember What You ReadReading is important. But the next step is making sure that you remember what you’ve read! 31 You may have just read the text, but the ideas, concepts and images(形象)may fly right out of your head. Here are a few tricks for remembering what you read.● 32If the plot, characters, or word usage is confusing for you, likely won’t be able to remember what you read. It’s a bit like reading a foreign language. If you don’t understand what you’re reading, how would you remember it? But there are a few things you can do… Use a dictionary: look up the difficult words.●Are you connected?Does a character remind you of friend? Don’t the setting make you want to visit the place? Does the look inspire you, and make you want to read more? With some books, you may feel a connection right away. 33 How willing are you to make the connections happen?●Read it; hear it; be it!Read the lines. Then, speak them out loud. And, put some character into the words. When he was writing his novels, Charles Dickens would act out the parts of the characters, He’d make faces in the mirror, and change his voice for each character. 34●How often do you read?If you read frequently, you’ll likely have and easier time with remembering what you’re reading(and what you’ve read). 35 As you make reading a regular part of your life, you’ll make more connections, stay more focused and understand the text better. You’ll learn to enjoy literature—as you remember what you read!A. Are you confused?B. Practice makes perfect.C. What’s your motivation?D. Memory is sometimes a tricky thing.E. Marking helps you remember what you read.F. But other books require a bit more work on your partG. You can do the same thing when you are reading the text!六．【2017浙江6月】How to Do Man-on-the-Street InterviewsThe man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the sport. 31__________ But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.● When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, “Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?” 32_________● Hit the streets with confidence. 33________ Say, “Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.● Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera. Don’t get discouraged.● 34__________Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won’t be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. 35________● If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, don’t leave work without them.A. Limit your time.B. As you approach people, be polite.C. If you don’t own a camera, you can buy one.D. For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.E. To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.F. That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.G. With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply.七．【2017浙江6月】A. Get involved in student activities B. Your voice is actually super important C. There is a significant increase of opportunities D. Stay in active communication with your friends E. Get smart about the people who you spend your time with F. Your major does not matter as much in your first of college Five Things Nobody Told Me about College As I type this , I am in my university dorm room. A year ago, when I was awaiting to hear the results of my college applications, I often went to websites for some type of insider look on what college would be like. However, there’s only so much that prep books, websites, and older friends can teach. Here are the top 5things nobody told me about college: 61 Nobody entering a university knows exactly what they want to study. If they tell you otherwise, they’re lying and will probably change what they want to purse within the first quarter of attendance . During my first quarter at University of California, Riverside (UCR),I thought that I wanted to study Political Science with its focus on International Affairs, so that’s what I applied for. However, once I worked with statewide and local government, I realized that a better fit for me would be Public Policy, and now I am in the process of changing my area. 62 In college, there are so many good chances for you to meet your expectations. However, there is a very important difference between wanting to do something and applying for something. In order for you to take advantage of the conferences, research, internships ,and fellowships that your university offers, apply! Step into your academic advisor’s office, introduce yourself, and begin making the valuable connections that are necessary to help during the rest of your college career. Great things happen when you step out of your comfort zone, and you would be surprised on how many chances exist if you just ask. 63 College is where you meet your bridesmaids, neighbors, and potential bosses. The relationships you develop now will probably be linked to the ones you value later, so he wise about the people who。