外研社轻松英语名作欣赏分级阅读(小学、初高中) 第一级适合小学一、二年级(5本)
灰姑娘
穿靴子的猫
白雪公主
皮诺曹
丑小鸭
第二级适合小学二、三年级(5本)
侠盗罗宾汉
卖火柴的小女孩
糖果屋历险记
阿拉丁和神灯
彼得·潘
第三级适合小学三、四年级(5本)
黑骏马
王子与贫儿
秘密花园
爱丽丝漫游奇境记
小公主
第四级适合小学四、五年级(5本)
风语河岸柳
威尼斯商人
汤姆·索亚历险记
绿山墙的安妮
堂·吉诃德
第一级（适合小学高年级，初一）(9本)美女与野兽
圣诞故事
灰姑娘·睡美人
森林王子
一千零一夜
海的女儿
汤姆叔叔的小屋
小海蒂
安徒生童话
第二级（适合初二，初三）(9本)
彼得·潘
伊索寓言
人面巨石
弗兰德斯的狗
快乐王子
基督山伯爵
绿山墙的安妮
繁星·最后一课
长腿叔叔
第三级（适合初三，高一）(8本)圣诞颂歌
秘密花园
威尼斯商人
绿野仙踪
爱丽丝漫游奇境记
小妇人
罗宾汉
环游地球八十天
第四级（适合高一，高二）(8本)隐形人
歌剧故事
歌剧院的幽灵
小王子
欧·亨利短篇小说
堂·吉诃德
悲惨世界
古希腊罗马神话
第五级（适合高二，高三）(10本)罗密欧与朱丽叶
老人与海
吸血鬼
福尔摩斯探案集
爱伦·坡短篇小说
安娜.卡列尼娜
红字·第五级名人演讲录远大前程
理智与情感
小学英语新标准教材四年级下册第一模块重点知识归纳 (2010-02-01 10:04:21) 转载▼ 标签： 勤勤恳恳做事2009至2010学年度下期新标准教材知识归纳2012级 教育分类：与170个宝贝儿一起向前冲 同学们，在日常生活中我们会常常被一些事情所吸引，这些事情不仅让我们的注意力高度集中同时也让我们的情绪发生着变化。我们可能会为这些事情而感动，悲伤，兴奋，焦急。可能在这个时候我们似乎也忘记了我们作为一名公民应该遵守的规则和自身的安全。所以我们经常会： 在追赶公交车的时候，不小心摔倒。 I ran for the bus. Then I fell over. 在骑自行车的时候由于自己的注意力不集中导致遇到障碍物。而从自行车上跌落下来。 I rode my bike. Then I fell off my bike. 在踢足球时，由于激动和兴奋不小心坐了“球车”摔倒在足球上。 I played football. Then I fell on the football. 在雅园的操场上和你的好朋友进行“百米冲刺”时不小心摔倒了。并划破了膝盖。 I ran for my friend. Then I fell over. I hurt my knee.
在自己的厨房里做事时头不小心撞到了那低矮的橱柜上。 I bumped my head. 在给自己的朋友会长辈削水果时，不小心用力过猛。 I cut my finger. 所以在日常生活中我们必须要时刻的注意安全，这样才能够不让我们的身心受到伤害。那在学期的第一模块儿里我们应该注意哪些安全和遵守哪些规则呢？好了，我们一起去看一看。 一：口语练习。 1.向某人介绍某样东西时。 （1） This is a factory. 这是一个工厂。 （2） These machines make crisps. 这些机器是来生产（酥脆）食物的。 （3） It washes the potatoes. 它（指这个机器）是用来洗土豆的。 （4） Look ! This machine cuts the potatoes. 看！这台机器是用来切土豆的。 （5） This machine puts the crisps in their bags. 这台机器将酥脆的（土豆片）装进零食袋里。 （6） They are dangerous 他们非常的危险（这里的他们指的是机器） 2.命令某人立即做某事时。 （1） Wear the glasses! 戴上眼镜！ （2） Stop！站住，停止前进！ （3） Wear the hat! 戴上帽子！（注意，这里的帽子我们一般指的是头盔和安全帽） （4） Wash your hands! 赶快去洗手！ （5） Silence! 安静，别出声！ 3.对某人表达感谢或者是抱歉之时。 （1） Sorry, sir. 对不起，先生。
一年级上 Module 1 hello(hi)你好 aah啊 ooh嗬 I我 am(I'm=I am)是（我是）goodbye再见 how are you?你好么？ no不，不是 yes是，是的 sorry对不起 fine（身体）很好 thank谢谢 you你 Module 2 what什么 is (what's= what is)是(是什么) your你的 name名字 please请 ha ha哈哈 good好的 morning早晨，上午 Ms女士 my我的 bird鸟 tweet(鸟)啾啾的叫声 a(n)一个(一) boy男孩 girl女孩 whoops哎哟 afernoon下午 panda熊猫Module 3 sit坐 down向下 stand站 up向上 open打开 the这个，那个，这些，那些 window窗户 door门 see you再见 point指 to向…… aargh啊 desk书桌 chair椅子 Module 4 it它 it is=it's它是 red红色 aha啊哈 blue蓝色 wow呀，哇 yellow黄色 oh哦 colour颜色 green绿色 now现在 black黑色 white白色 dog狗 cat猫 and和 hey嘿，喂 look看 orange橙色 Module 5 this这个 our我们的 teacher教师 school学校 classroom教室 Nice to meet you.见到你真高兴。 child小孩，儿童 that那个 bag包 Module 6 schoolbag书包 book书 pen钢笔 pencil铅笔 ruler直尺 eraser橡皮 pencil case铅笔盒 crayon蜡笔 Module 7 new新的 kite风筝 or或者 not ( isn't=is not)不（不是） monkey猴子 monster怪物 help救命（呼救用语） house房屋，住宅 box箱，盒 Module 8 how many多少 one一1 two二2 three三3 four四4 count数 say说 five五5 six六6
一、来自你身体的一封信 Hi! It's your body here! Allow me to reintroduce myself. 嗨，我是你的身体! 允许我再自我介绍一下。 I'm the home that you've always lived in. Surely you remember. We grew up together! 我是你一直住着的“家”。 你肯定记得我， 我们一起长大的。 And I'm writing in this letter cause, I feel neglected in this relationship, very disappointed in what I've been seeing. 我写这封信是因为， 我感觉我在这段关系里被忽视了。 我对我所看到的很失望。 With your ambition to make money you sacrificed my well being, which makes no sense in the least because when I get sick you sacrificed that same money
to recuperate ME. 你有想挣钱的雄心， 却为此牺牲我的健康。 这完全不合理， 因为如果我病了， 你赚的那些钱都要用来给我治病! And what's even more ironic is with all your interest in profit you can't even see the truth that I'm worth over A BILLION DOLLARS. 更讽刺的是， 你利欲熏心， 甚至看不清这个事实： 我才是最宝贵的啊! Don't believe me? Okay I'll prove it. 你不相信? 好吧，我证明给你看。 If someone came to you with a check for One Million and said “Here. All I want in return is your eyesight.”
外研版八年级上册英语复习资料 Module1 复习资料 1 .give you some advice给你一些建议(advice 不可数名词) 2 .讲…语(speak +语言) 3.tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事 4.talk to sb.对某人谈话 5.read+文字类物;look与at 连用, have a look 3. how (what) about doing sth 做什么怎么样 4. ask (sb.) for sth. 请求某人获得…… 6.have a message(短信,信息) for sb. 有某人的信息 / give sb. a message给某人一条信息/ take a message for sb. 捎某人一个口信leave a message for sb. 给某人留个口信 7. help sb with sth=help sb. to do sth.在某方面帮某人 8.translate sth. into sth.把……翻译成…… 9.send sth to sb=send sb. sth. 把某物寄(送)给某人 10.match sth. with sth. 把某物与某物搭配 11.不定代词,疑问副词(something, nothing, anything, everything,what)接else表其他某物 12. enjoy (doing) sth 享受(做)某事 13.take a long time 花很长一段时间 11. the meaning ofsth. 某物的意思 12 enjoy oneself =have a good time 过得开心 13 lots of sth. =a lot of sth. 许多 14 start a conversation 开始谈话 15 take a deep breath 深呼吸一下 16 a piece of paper一张纸 18 best wishes给予最好的祝愿 19 the number of sth. 某物的数量(后接动词单数) 20. a number of sth.许多某物(后接动词复数) 21. show / take sb around 带某人参观 22.write down sth. 写下 23.make mistakes 犯错 24.do some concerts开音乐会 25.on the Internet 在网上 26. a good idea 一个好主意 27. a pen friend 一个笔友 28. school orchestra 学校管弦乐队 29. in groups 分组 30. each other 各自 31. first of all= at first 首先 32. what else 还有其他什么 33. a piece of advice 一条建议 34. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人借入某物lend sth. to sb.借某物给某人 35.basic questions 基本的问题
Module 1 怎样学英语 Unit 1 让我们尽可能多的讲英语: 詹姆斯老师：同学们，欢迎回来！今天，我们打算谈论一下学习英语的好方法。准备好了吗？谁有一些建议？ 玲玲：在课堂上我们应该总是讲英语。 詹姆斯老师：好！让我们尽可能多地讲英语。 大明：为什么不在我们笔记本上记下我们的错误呢？ 詹姆斯老师：那是个好主意，而且不要忘记在错误旁边写下正确的答案，还有什么其它的建议？ 玲玲：每天拼写并大声朗读新单词是个好主意。 詹姆斯老师：非常感谢，玲玲，听广播怎么样？ 大明：是的，那也有益于我们的发音。但有很多生词。 詹姆斯老师：你（们）不必理解每个单词（的含义）。你（们）只需要听关键词和主要意思。 大明：阅读也一样。英语故事很有趣。通过阅读我逐渐了解了世界上的许多事情。 玲玲：我认为写作也很重要。我们为什么不尽量去找些英语笔友呢？我们可以给他们写信。 詹姆斯老师：太棒了！我同意你的提议。 Unit 2 你应该向她微笑: 把你的问题发送给语言博士黛安娜。 很多学生请求给予如何提高他们的英语水平的建议。这儿是三个基本问题。 第一个问是关于（如何）理解英文电影和歌曲。来自湖北的李浩写道：我喜欢看英文电影和听英文歌曲，但我理解的不多。我该怎么办呢？ 看电影和听歌曲是学习英语很好的方式！看和听几遍，并猜测生词的含义。每一遍你都会学到新东西。我还建议你和朋友们谈论一下这些电影或歌曲。 第二个问题是关于口语的。来自吉林的王帆写道：“我们学校有一位来自美国的老师。我很腼腆，不敢与她说话。我该怎么办？” 你可以说：“嗨！你好吗？”“你喜欢中国吗”这些都是展开交谈的好方式。在你开始（讲英语）前，你应该向她微笑！记住这一点：不要害羞，去试一试。 第三个问题是关于词汇的。来自安徽的张雷写道：我写下生词，但我很快就忘记了，我怎样才能记住它们呢？
MODULE 1 Hello, I’m Sam. Hello, Sam. Hello, I’m Amy. Hello, Amy. I’m Lingling. Hi, Lingling. I’m Daming. Hi, Daming.
Goodbye, Lingling. Goodbye, Daming. Bye-bye, Amy. Bye-bye, Sam. Good morning, Sam. Good morning. How are you, Sam? I’m fine, thank you. MODULE 2
Hi, Daming. Hello, Sam. How are you,Amy? I’m fine. And how are you? I’m fine, too. Thank you. Good moring, boys and girls. I’m Ms Smart. Good moring, Ms Smart. Hello.
Hello, Ms Smart. I’m Lingling. Hello, Ming. I’m Daming. Good afternoon, I’m Mr Li. Good afternoon, Mr Li. What’s your name? I’m Sam. MODULE 3 Good moring, boys and girls.
Good moring, Ms Smart. Sit down, please. Stand up, Lingling. Point to the door. Point to the window. Point to the blackboard. Hello, bird. What’d your name? Tweet, tweet. Hello, Tweet-tweet.
一年级上Module1 hello你好 am(I'm=Iam)是（我是）goodbye(bye)再见 no yes sorry fine thank you你 what 么） your name please good morning早晨，上午 Ms女士 my我的 bird鸟boy男孩 girl女孩 afternoon下午 panda熊猫 Module3 it它 it's=itis它是 red红色；红色的 blue蓝色；蓝色的 yellow黄色；黄色的 colour颜色 green绿色；绿色的 now现在 black黑色；黑色的 white白色；白色的 that那个 bag包 Module6 schoolbag书包 book书
pen钢笔 pencil铅笔 ruler直尺eraser橡皮pencilcase铅笔盒crayon new kite or或者 monkey help house box one一 two二 three三 four四 count数 say说five五 six六 seven七 eight八 nine九 You'rewelcome!不客气！ Module10 father父亲 daddy爸爸 mother母亲 grandpa祖父；外祖父 grandma祖母；外祖母 friend朋友 his他的 car汽车，轿车 Where/where's=whereis哪 里/在哪里 in在……里 on在……上 under在……下
toy玩具bed床lookat看bear熊Module3 eleven twelve know other fish鱼tree树 head头touch nose face脸ear耳朵mouth嘴eye眼睛body身体these这些leg腿hand手 footfeet(复数)脚足 baby婴儿 Module5 they他（她/它）们 snake蛇 short矮的短的 small小的 elephant大象 go去 zoo动物园 long长的 giraffe长颈鹿 tall高的 tiger老虎 ) some一些 Module8 apairof一双…一对… shorts（常复）短裤 shirt衬衫
Friends or 'Enemies?' When I was younger, my Dad used to tell me: "Boys don't want to be your friend." He then left the rest to my imagination. At the time, I didn't agree. I thought: I can crack a good joke, I know how to shoot a hoop, and I'm a cheerful person (but not in an annoying way). What kind of boy wouldn't want to be around that kind of girl? Turns out, my Dad was right. Not to be all "Samantha Brick" about it, but in my experience, single, heterosexual men aren't actively looking for an exclusively platonic relationship with a woman they find sexually attractive. This of course is not a revolutionary concept. In fact, it seems pretty natural to me. Now, I will be the first to say that it is really and truly the most wonderful thing in the world if the attraction is mutual. But the Powers That Be seem to like to play these complicated little mating games with humans where the guy we want to re-enact scenes from 9? Weeks with sees our attractiveness level as akin to that of a discarded dishcloth, and the most physical we could see ourselves being with the guy who actually likes us is a game of ping pong over an especially long table. All of which means that someone usually ends up getting rejected. I'm sure I'm not alone when I say I have struggled with the scenario where I am not interested in a man romantically, but I want to keep him as a friend because he is funny and I enjoy his company, or he has shown himself to be that rare specimen known as "a nice, genuine person, " or he simply doesn't mention his therapist in every other sentence. Rather than string him along and give him hope, I feel compelled to somehow communicate to him sooner rather than later that we'll just be staying friends, nothing more. Otherwise, I think I am being unfair to him. Why should he waste his romantic stamina on me when there are loads of other single women out there who might fall instantly in love with him? The thing is, it can sometimes be tricky to reject a man and keep him as a friend. If the operation is not executed carefully, you may end up creating a "menemy." It requires a certain amount of skill to be able to turn down a man's sexual advances or romantic gestures and then get him to agree to meet you for blueberry pancakes the following weekend and chat about the latest Woody Allen film. Some men aren't satisfied with just that. I'm not clear why. What's so bad about friendship? Everyone needs buddies. But I've seen men react poorly or simply fall off the face of the earth. I get it -- their feelings are hurt. None of us likes getting rejected. But in my experience, some men find it especially soul-crushing. I am only bringing all of this up because I recently had to go through this scenario again. I had spent some time cultivating a friendship with a man who, in my defense, I thought was gay. So I didn't see the harm in him buying me the occasional falafel, or accepting an invitation to see a film with him. Isn't that what friends are for? But a mutual friend shed light on his sexual orientation (straight) and suggested that his intentions -- and attentions -- weren't platonic. He had never "made the moves" but now it was all crystal clear -- that explains the way he had looked at me that time the tahini sauce dribbled down my chin! Since he had clearly been too timid to express his feelings, I thought I would be clever this time and subtly mention the dates I had been going on, focusing on the one guy I was kind of keen on, so that he would know that I was "unavailable" for heavy petting and those sorts of activities, but that I was available for things like roller skating, falafel-eating and shooting the breeze. Doesn't that sound nice? That way, he would known not to try to lean in for a kiss, and I wouldn't have to pull the Stevie Wonder dance and dodge him went he went for it. It was like pre-rejection, yet I was sparing his feelings because he didn't even have to put himself out there! I really thought I was being brilliant. It backfired, of course. Said man ended up sending me an email rant accusing me of being insensitive by talking about other men when he had "feelings for me." As if I am psychic, by the way, just because I am a woman! How was I supposed to know that? I think in his mind we were dating. In my mind, he was my new gay BFF. In the end, I got mad at him for getting mad at me, and now the friendship has ended. And I have created yet another "menemy." Look, I have also tried the direct thing: "I really like you, but only as a friend, " but you can only do that when the guy has made his intentions clear, and in my experience, they either cope okay (though rarely do I feel much enthusiasm for friendship after that), or they really don't cope well. I also tried the thing where you make them think they are rejecting you, but it gets quite confusing and only works if the guy isn't very sharp, and why would I -- or you -- be hanging out with someone not that sharp in the first place? As we all remember, Billy Crystal's character says men and women can't be friends in When Harry Met Sally because the sex stuff gets in the way. I do have single, male, heterosexual friends with whom I have an easy, non-romantic rapport, but I honestly don't know if they would walk away if I was sprawled naked on a bed calling out to them. I may not be everybody's cup of tea, but sometimes, I wonder if they wonder. And they may wonder if I wonder. If so, I hope they'll keep it to
外研版八年级上册英语单词表 Module 1 translate v．翻译 translation n．翻译 correct v．改正；纠正 adj．正确的，对的 match v．将……配对 number v.给……标号码 n．数字；号码 repeat v．重复 grammar n．语法 pronunciation n．语音；发音 writing n．写作；文章 punctuation n．标点符号 spelling n．拼写 term n．学期 advice n．建议 write down写下，记下 mistake n．错误 notebook n．笔记本 *else／els／adj．＆adv．其他 *radio n．收音机
newspaper n．报纸 message n．(书面或口头的)信息，信 pen friend笔友 *each pron．各个，每个 other pron．不同的人(或物) 外研八年级上册词汇 *each other互相 excellent adj．<口>好极了；卓越的，极好的orchestra n．管弦乐队 send v．发送；寄 language n．语言 improve v．提高 basic adj．主要的；最重要的 *watch v．看；注视；观察 n．手表 guess v．猜，猜测 *just adv．(引起注意、表示允许等)请，就．yourself pron．你自己 enjoy yourself过得快乐 *shy adj．害羞的 conversation n．谈话
deep adj．深的 breath n．呼吸 smile v．＆n．微笑 *remember v．记住；想起；记着*forget v.忘记 piece n．一张(或则、件等) *place v．放置 *count v．数 all the time总是；一直 accent n．口音 wish n．＆v．祝愿 *borrow v．借 *group n．组 mark n．分数 club n．俱乐部 *start v．创办；开办；发动together adv．一起；共同 *hear v. 听见
外研社小学英语教材VS人教版小学英语教材 外研社： （一）编排特点 通过全面研读教材，我认为本册教材具有以下几方面特点 1、贴近生活，易于接受 在选材上选取了动物、运动项目、实物等话题，易于学生接受。 2、有简入难，便于理解 在学习内容上坚持有简入难的原则，如在举行学习上先安排了肯定句及其否定句型的学习又进行了一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的学习。 3、故事为主，激发兴趣 课文在呈现上一故事和对话为主，形象生动，能够激发学生的学习兴趣。 4、注重听说，培养能力 在每个模块都安排了Listen and point, listen and say , point and say 等听说部分，注重学生听说能力的培养。 5、字母教学，夯实基础 在第一个模块学完字母歌，以后的每个模块都配有单词和图片安排了两到三个字母的学习，夯实学生的基础。 （二）编写体例 本册教材共包含10个新授模块，一个复习模块。每个新授模块又包含两个单元，第一单元呈现本模块所要学习的语言内容，第二个单元呈现若干任务型练习，包括一首歌谣小诗或韵律诗。书中收录有两个单词表，第一个是学习词表，分模块按照出现顺序收录了要求学生掌握的单词；第二个是参考词表，按字母顺序收录了本书中出现的全部生词。此外，本书收录有一个课外阅读故事，供教师和学生根据教学兴趣自由选择使用，不做教学要求。课本最后还收录有26个英文字母的手写体和印刷体，要求学生区分和掌握。 （三）内容结构 本册教材在内容上，第一模块描述自己最喜欢的物品，第二模块识别并描述动物，第三模块表达自己喜欢与不喜欢的运动，第四模块，询问他人的喜好，第五模块，询问时间并表达活动安排，第六模块描述学校生活和周末活动安排，第七模块学习中西方节日及风俗，第八模块描述四季、天气和相关活动，第九模块，询问并描述拥有的物品和交通方式，第十模块，描述物体的位置。 （四）内容整合 为了更好的把握教材，对教材内容做以下整合。第1,3,4模块主要学习个人喜好这一话题。第一模块谈特别喜爱的My favourite toy is a car.第三模块谈喜欢与不喜欢I like… I don’ t like…第四模块询问别人是否喜欢Do you like…？这些句型的学习为以后学习sports day，picnic等业余爱好做准备。在第一册学习了描述物体颜色如It’s red.的基础上，本册教材第2学习描述物体特点。第二模块描述动物特点如：This monkey is small.第七模块描述季节和天气It’s hot in summer.为以后学习It’s big and light. We lived in a small house.等描述物体特点的句子做准备。第5,6,8模块学习描述活动安排，第五模块学习时间安排如， She goes to school on Mondays.第六模块学习周末活动安排I go swimming. 第九模块学习拥 有某物、交通方式，She goes to school by bus.为以后学习Go straight on！You should look，then cross the road等交通规则做准备。在第一册学习了指向Point to的基础上，本册教材第八模块学习描述物体位置如It’s on your desk.为以后学习描述城市位置做准备。 从语法方面来看，本册教材词汇量加大，出现了大量名词如：玩具交通工具类：动植物名词、食物类名词、水果类名词、衣服、四季、学科类名词，描述人或物特点的形容词、描述天气特点的形容词、动词词组。
外研社一起小学英语二年 级下语法总结及练习题 It was last revised on January 2, 2021
二年级下语法 一般现在时 一、功能： 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 二、构成： 1. be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 注意：（我用am，你用are，三单is，复数are。） 肯定句：主语+be+其它。如：He is a worker. 他是工人。 否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如 He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。(be动词移到句首)，如：Is he a worker 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。Where is your bike? 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。 注意：（当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。 如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。） 肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它) 。如：I like bread. 否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。 如：He ofter plays football. He doesn't often play football. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。（句首加助动词do, does） 如： Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。 如：- Does she go to school by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does she go to school? 三、动词+s的变化规则 1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies 四、一般现在现在时常见时间状语 Always usually, often, sometimes, every week (day,year,month) 练习题 用am, is, are 填空 1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy No, I _____ not.
(Reports on Britain Under the Bombs) Night after night, in the hot summer and early fall of 1940, a deep, steady voice came over the Atlantic Ocean from England to America, telling of England's battle for survival under the waves of German bombers. This strong and steady voice, an American voice with a slight accent of North Carolina, belonged to Edward R. Murrow, head of the European staff of the Columbia Broadcasting System. "This is London," said Murrow, while the bombs fell and flames spread on the streets of the city. His voice had a tone of sorrow for the suffering of that ancient city, and a tone of confidence, too -- a feeling of belief that London would be there, no matter what it had to endure. It could not be destroyed. The heavy raids began in the middle of August, and Nazi bombs started to fall along England's Channel Coast. The German bombers cast dark shadows over the white cliffs of Dover, and England's Home Guard prepared to fight on the beaches, on the cliffs, and in the hills, until the last Englishman died or the invaders were driven off. Air Marshal Goering's bomber pilots were sure of their ultimate triumph over England. Hitler and Goering believed that when London became a burned city like Warsaw and Rotterdam, England would surrender. But the English were more fortunate than the Poles in Warsaw and the Dutch in Rotterdam. They had the English Channel as a barrier against the Nazi ground forces, and they had the Royal Air Force(RAF) to battle the Nazis in the sky. The hardships of London really started in the first week of September, when Hitler was at last convinced that the English did not intend to give in. On September 7, 1940, nearly four hundred German bombers hammered the city with bombs in broad daylight. Marshal Goering boasted, "This is the historic hour when our air force for the first time delivered its bombs right into the enemy's heart." Fires burned, houses fell, gas pipes burst, and dark smoke rose from the streets. Men, women, and children felt the effect of the bombs. Radar sirens wailed, ambulances rushed from one place of agony to another, and fire fighters faced the flames hour after hour.