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高考英语阅读专题词汇与练习(二)(含答案详解)

高考英语阅读专题词汇与练习(二)(含答案详解)
高考英语阅读专题词汇与练习(二)(含答案详解)

2021高考英语阅读专题词汇与练习(二)

Part 1:词汇梳理

二经济类高频词单词数

1.accelerate vt. 加速,提前,跳级vi. 加速

2.boost n. 推进,支援,增加vt. 推进,提高

3.mushroom n. 蘑菇,菌菇状物,暴发户vi. 扩张,迅速增加,采蘑菇4.flourish vi. 繁荣,茂盛,活跃,手舞足蹈

vt. 挥舞n. 挥舞,华丽词藻,茂盛,兴旺,炫耀

5.thrive vi. 兴旺,繁荣

6.impose vi. 利用;欺骗;施加影响vt. 强加;征税;以…欺骗7.restore vt. 恢复,归还,翻新

8.soar n. 高扬vi. 往上飞舞,高耸,滑翔

9.squeeze n. 压榨,榨出的少量,佣金,经济拮据

vt. 紧握,挤压,使经济困难vi. 让步,压迫,险胜10.exceed vt. 超过, 胜过, 超出界限vi. 领先

11.allocate v. 分派, 分配, 分配额

12.slash vi. 大幅度削减vt. 猛砍,尖锐抨击,大幅减少

n. 猛砍,斜线,长切口,衣衩

13.negotiate vt. 转让,越过,处理,协商vi. 协商

14.distribute vt. &vi. 分配,散布

15.substantia nigra[解]黑质,塞梅林氏神经节

16.bankrupt adj. 破产的,贫穷的,道德败坏的,枯竭的

n. 破产者,无知的人vt. 使破产

17.economy n.节约;经济;理财;秩序

18.prosperity n. 繁荣,兴旺

19.hardship n. 艰难, 困苦

20.recession n. 后退,凹入的地方,不景气

21.budget n. 预算vt. 编预算,为…做预算vi. 节省开支

adj. 不贵的,廉价的

22.corporation n. 公司, 法人, 集团

23.commission n. 委任(状), 任官令; 委员会n. 佣金; 犯罪行为

vt. 委任, 委托; 使服役

24.installment n. 分期付款(安装, 一期)

25.warranty n. 担保,保证,根据

26.venturen. 冒险,风险,投机

vt. 敢尝试,谨慎地做,冒险一试vi. 冒险做

Part 2:阅读练习

(一)

FLORENCE,Italy —Svetlana Cojochru feels hurt.The Moldovan has lived here seven years as a caregiver to Italian kids and the elderly,but in order to stay she’s had to prove her language skills by taking a test which requires her to write a postcard to an imaginary friend and answer a fictional job ad.

Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant(移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange for work permits,or in some cases,citizenship.

Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs,such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration(融合).Others say it’s only natural that newcomers learn the language of their host nation,seeing it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society.

Other European countries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants,and some terms are even tougher.The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.

Italy,which has a much weaker tradition of immigration,has witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in recent years.In 1990,immigrants numbered some 1.14 million out of Italy’s then 56.7 million people,or about 2 percent.At the start of this year,foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million,or 7.5 percent,with immigrants’children accounting for an ever larger

percentage of births in Italy.

Cojochru,the Moldovan caregiver,hoped obtaining permanent residence(居住权) would help her bring her two children to Italy;they live with her sister in Moldova,where salaries are among the lowest in Europe.She was skeptical that the language requirement would encourage integration.

Italians always “see me as a foreigner,”an outsider,even though she’s stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently,she said.

1.Why does Cojochru have to take a language test?

A.To continue to stay in Italy.

B.To teach her children Italian.

C.To find a better job in Italy.

D.To better mix with the Italians.

2.Some people worry that the new language requirement may .

A.reduce Italy’s population quickly

B.cause conflicts among people

C.lead to financial difficulties

D.put pressure on schools

3.What do we know about Cojochru?

A.She lives with her sister now in Italy.

B.She enjoys learning the Italian language.

C.She speaks Italian well enough for her job.

D.She wishes to go back to her home country.

(二)

On a cool morning,Wilson Kasaine heads out along a dirt path in southern Kenya.His calmness makes it easy to forget that he’s tr acking one of the most dangerous animals in the world.Kasaine is tracking lions—especially one lion called Marti,who is the real-life Lion King of Selenkay Conservancy.

Tracking lions on foot may sound like a death wish,but Kasaine has been doing it for most of his life.Born into a traditional Masai family,he quickly grew to understand

the beauty and danger of wildlife.Living with big wild animals forces him to develop a good sense of where they have been and where they may be going.During his 12-kilometer walks to and from school,he learned how to tell the paw prints (爪印) of a lion from those of other animals.

Growing up,Kasaine knew that improving his tracking abilities would help him avoid surprise meetings with dangerous animals.For many Masais,tracking is mainly a matter of self-protection.But Kasaine is tracking lions to meet them and to protect them.He leads a small group of wide-eyed tourists over the red sandy path,searching for the lions’ paw prints.

Each year,thousands of tourists crowd Kenya’s nat ional parks to try to have a look at the “big five”—elephants,rhinoceros,leopards,buffaloes and lions.The international draw of these animals matters a lot because the nation’s economy is tied to the protection of its wildlife.If Kenya’s wildlife disappear s,so does its second-largest source of income.

Wildlife protection in Kenya meant marking off land exclusively(专门地) for animals.But it also meant that the people who had originally lived in the area were forced to leave their land and into smaller surrounding areas.They are also finding it increasingly hard to keep a traditional Masai lifestyle.But people are glad that it really makes a difference to wildlife protection.

1.How did Kasaine track lions?

A.By working together with tourists.

B.By running after them all the time.

C.By going to school every day.

D.By studying their paw prints.

2.What can we learn from Paragraph 4?

A.Masai people are born animal-lovers.

B.Tourism is a big threat to Kenya’s wildlife.

C.Kenya benefits a lot from its wildlife protection.

D.Small animals are not included in their protection policy.

3.What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?

A.Kenya’s economic development.

B.People’s leaving their original homes.

C.Kenya’s second-largest income source.

D.Kenyan people’s traditional Masai lifestyle.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.Wildlife protection in Kenya.

B.Meeting a dangerous animal.

C.Wilson Kasaine’s wise choice.

D.Learning to live with lions.

参考答案:

【语篇导读】本文报道了意大利最近采取的一项限制移民的措施,即要求移民通过一项语言考试来获得工作条件甚至居民身份。

1.A解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...in order to stay she’s had to prove her language skills by taking a test...”可知她参加考试的原因是要继续留在意大利,故A项正确。

2.B解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs,such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration.”可知,糟糕的经济状况已经让本土人很难保住工作,而这样一项措施使得移民压力变大,可能会导致排外而不是融合,故B项正确。

3C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“...she’s stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently...”可知,她能熟练地讲意大利语,故C 项正确。B项在文中未提到;A、D两项和文章倒数第二段内容矛盾。

【语篇导读】文章主要介绍了肯尼亚为保护野生动物而做出的努力。

1.D解析细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“...he learned how to tell the paw prints (爪印) of a lion from those of other animals.”以及第三段最后一句中的

“...searching for the lions’ paw prints.”可知应选D项。

2.C解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The international draw of these animals matters a lot because the nation’s economy is tied to the protection of its wildlife.”可知,这些动物的国际吸引力非常重要,因为国家的经济与保护野生动物息息相关。故选C项。

3.B解析代词指代题。上文提到:肯尼亚的野生动物保护工作意味着要专门为动物划出土地,但这也意味着原居住在该地区的人们被迫离开他们的土地,进入范围较小的周边地区。由此可知,此处的it指的就是人们离开原居住地。

4.A解析主旨大意题。文章的最后一段是主题段,主要介绍了肯尼亚为保护野生动物而做出的努力。A项作标题可概括文章的主要内容。

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