1. 我们的左侧有条路直通山脚。(lead to)
1. There is a road on our left leading straight to the foot of the mountains.
2. 为了减肥，她只吃蔬菜，其它一概不吃。(nothing but)
2. In order to lose weight, she eats nothing but vegetables.
3. 很抱歉，我们现在不能聘用你。如果将来职位有空缺，我们会与你联系。(vacant)
3. We are sorry to inform you that we cannot employ you now. If there is a position vacant / a vacancy in the future, we will contact you.
4. 我们无法按时完成这项任务，因为我们人手不足。(short of)
4. We cannot complete the project as scheduled because we are short of staff.
5. 孩子们将来一定会意识到，父母的唠叨是为了他们好。(for one's good)
5. Children will understand one day that parents' nagging is for their good.
6. 当她得知女儿被找到了时，禁不住放声大哭了起来。(burst out)
6. She burst out crying when she heard that her lost daughter had been found.
7. 如果你有困难，可以随时来找我。(hesitate to do)
7. If you have any difficulties, don’t hesitate to come to see me.
1. 我们都被这小孩的话搞糊涂了。(be bewildered)
1. We were bewildered by the kid's words.
2. 亚伯拉罕·林肯出身卑微，却成了美国的第十六任总统。(humble)
2. Abraham Lincoln, who was of humble origin, became the 16th President of the USA.
3. 他们的国家要在短期内克服经济困难，几乎是不可能的事。(all but)
3. Their country is all but impossible to recover from its economic recession within a short period.
4. 他用钱精打细算是出了名的。(be careful with)
4. He is famous for being careful with money.
5. 成年人学习外语的困难之一是母语的干扰。(interfere with)
5. One of the reasons why it is difficult for adults to learn a foreign language is that their mother tongue often interferes with their learning.
6. 这些罪犯企图用金钱堵住目击者的嘴巴。(silence)
6. The criminals tried to silence the witness with money.
7. 政府应该负起责任，解决大量工人失业的问题。(be up to)
7. It is up to the government to solve the problem of massive unemployment.
1. 她把头发盘在头上，看起来很漂亮。(pile up)
1. She looks very beautiful when she piles up her hair on top of her head.
2. 商店里出售的箱包里塞满了纸，为的是好看。(stuff)
2. The cases and bags being sold in the shops are stuffed with paper so that they look more attractive.
3. 考试前老师给每位学生一枝铅笔，因为他们必须用铅笔答题。(hand out)
3. The teacher handed out a pencil to each student before the exam as the questions were to be answered in pencil.
4. 这幢房子里没有任何家具。(devoid)
4. The house is totally devoid of furniture.
5. 他利用她的无知，骗取了她的信任。(take advantage of)
5. He managed to win her trust by taking advantage of her ignorance.
6. 当黄昏来临时，小贩们就会将各色各样的商品摊在地上做买卖。(lay out)
6. When evening approaches, the vendors would lay out an assortment of small articles on the ground for people to buy.
7. 据说有人发明了一种锁，能够根据人体气味来识别它的主人。(identify)
7. It is said that a new lock has been invented that can identify its owner by the smell of his / her body.
8. 他决心以优异的学习成绩来感谢老师和同学们的帮助。(in gratitude for)
Out of gratitude for the help of his teachers and classmates, he is determined to work hard and score highly.
1. 当他看到将军走过来时，立刻站起来向他敬礼。(get to one's feet)
1. At the sight of the general walking towards him, he got to his feet at once and saluted.
2. "这些钱用来做什么的？""用来帮助那些失学儿童重返校园。"(be for)
2. "What is this money for?" "It's for helping those children who have lost the chance of schooling to come back to school again."
3. 昨夜的敲门声把我吓得直哆嗦。(quiver with)
3. The knock at my door last night sent me quivering with fright.
4. 我可以向你保证，他是最值得信赖的人。(assure)
4. I can assure you that he is a most reliable person.
5. 大家都希望他能接替即将退休的马丁先生做该系的系主任。(take over)
5. Everybody hopes that he will take over as dean of the department when Mr. Martin retires.
6. 虽然她竭力掩盖她的感情，可她的眼神还是流露她渴望赢得奖品。(betray)
6. She tried her best to hide her feelings, but her eyes betrayed her longing for the prize.
7. 据说经常在太阳底下曝晒会得皮肤癌。(be exposed to)
7. It is said that people will get skin cancer if they are exposed to the sun too much.
1. 他又在说好听的了，别拿他的话当真。(lip service)
1. He is paying lip service again. Don't take his words seriously.
2. 比赛获胜者获得了奖杯。(reward)
2. The winners were rewarded with the cup.
3. 他兢兢业业从教20年，同事中没有人怀疑他对教育事业的忠诚。(commitment)
3. He has been teaching conscientiously for 20 years. None of his colleagues has any doubt about his commitment to the cause of education.
4. 他们嬴得了胜利，但也付出了沉重的代价。(at a price)
4. They finally won, but paid at a heavy price.
5. 考试得高分不等于聪明。(equate with)
5. Good scores in exams cannot be equated with intelligence.
6. 如果你没有接到更改时间的通知，那么会议将在十点准时召开。(to the contrary)
6. If you don't hear anything to the contrary, the meeting will begin at ten o'clock sharp.
7. 许多困在山洞里的人在救援队赶到之前就死了。(trap)
7. Many people trapped in the cave died before the rescue party arrived
1. 遭受水灾地区的人民急切需要食品，衣服和药品。(be hungry for)
The people in the flooded area are hungry for provisions / food, clothes and medicine.
2. 他整夜看电视连续剧，难怪他看上去这么累。(no wonder)
As he sat up late watching TV all night, (it's) no wonder that he looked so tired.
3. 如果我是你的话，我不会卷入那些复杂的事情。(involve)
If I were you I wouldn't get / be involved in those complicated affairs.
4. 她的手艺非常好，做的蛋糕简直是艺术品。(work of art)
Her workmanship is so excellent that the cakes she makes are simply works of art.
5. 我知道这是我的不对，但也没有必要老是说个没完。(rub it in)
I know it is my fault, but there is no need to rub it in.
6. 这种工作要求要很有耐心。(call for)
This sort of work calls for a lot of patience.
7. 政府说有足够的外汇储备抵制金融风暴。(enough to)
7. The government declared that its foreign currency reserve is strong enough to resist the financial crisis.
1. 救援队天一亮就出发去搜寻那失踪的孩子。(set off, in search of)
The rescue team set off at the first light of day in search of the missing child.
2. 尽管守门员竭尽全力，仍然没有挡住球。(miss doing something)
Although the goalkeeper tried his best, he missed catching the ball.
3. 消息太意外了，她惊奇得透不过气来。(catch one's breath)
The news was so unexpected that she caught her breath in surprise.
4. 看见足球队员踢进一个球，观众们爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。(burst into)
Seeing the footballer make / kick / score a goal, the spectators burst into thunderous applause.
5. 你算老几，跟我来谈这件事？(the last ...)
Who do you think you are? You're the last person I would like to talk to about this matter!
6. 姑娘在等她男朋友的电话时，双眼急切地盯着电话机。(intently)
The girl fixed her eyes intently on the telephone when she was waiting for her boyfriend's call. 7. 当孩子从小自行车上掉下时，他的父亲鼓励他再试一次。(make an effort)
7. When the boy fell off his little bike, the father encouraged him to make another effort.
1. 新闻界经常批评她，但她早已对此满不在乎了。(immune)
The press had criticized her so often that in the end she had become immune to what was said. 2. 工业和车辆向大气排放大量的废气，造成了严重的空气污染。(release)
Air pollution is caused by industries and vehicles which release large amounts of waste gas into the atmosphere.
3. 医生要我在工作时戴上保护镜，以防止异物进入眼睛。(foreign)
The doctor required me to wear goggles at work to prevent foreign objects from getting into my eyes.
4. 由于父母通常把他们的染色体(chromosomes)遗传给后代，所以有些疾病具有遗传性。(pass on)
As parents can pass on their chromosomes to their offspring, some diseases are hereditary.
5. 虽然他很会做生意，但我们认为他不会成为商界的领袖。(see ... as ...)
He possesses a remarkable talent for doing business, but we don't see him as a potential leader in the business circle.
6. 这次划时代的峰会由卫星向全世界转播。(beam)
The epoch-making summit conference was beamed by satellite all over the world.
1.许多新兴国家在刚获得独立的时侯，都遇到过经济问题的困扰。(afflict)
Many developing countries, after their independence, were afflicted with economic problems at the beginning.
2. 为了保护国内工业，政府决定对进口倾销产品征收反倾销关税(anti-dumping tariff)。(impose ... upon/on)
In order to protect domestic industries, the government decided to impose anti-dumping tariff on imported products.
3. 只有学问而没有实践经验，这种学问没有多少价值。(count for)
Knowledge without practical experience counts for little.
4. 敌军入侵使得成千上万的老百姓只好弃家而逃。(abandon)
Thousands of people were forced to abandon their homes to the invading enemy troops.
5. 我在上海住了很久，已把这个城市看作我的第二故乡。(look upon/on)
I've lived in Shanghai so long that I've looked upon the city as my second hometown.
6. 修理屋顶时底下必须用东西支撑着。(prop up)
The roof will have to be propped up while repairs are being carried out.
7. 在困难面前，他仍然保持着幽默感。(in (the) face of)
He possesses a remarkable talent for doing business, but we don't see him as a potential leader in the business circle.
Unit1： 1.那部关于古代战争的电影采用了先进的技术，令观众仿佛身临其境。（illusion）Thanks to modern technology, the film about that ancient battle gives the audience the illusion of being on the battlefield themselves. 2.在那场大火中，整个古城毁于一旦，但是这块石碑却幸运地保存了下来。（devastate）That ancient city was devastated by the fire, but fortunately the stone tablet survived. 3.他们看了那段录像，听了那位妇女的讲述，心里充满了对那位地震孤儿的同情。（fill with）The videotape and the story by the woman filled them with sympathy for the child who had become an orphan in the earthquake. 4.那场大地震中，我们听到过太多太多教师的事迹，他们拒绝离开学生自己逃生，献出了 自己的生命。（leave behind） In that earthquake, we heard many stories of teachers who had refused to leave their students behind and laid down their lives. 5.豫园的建造始于1558年，但由于资金短缺时建时停，1578年才建成。（off and on）The construction of the Yu Yuan Garden began in 1558, but it was not completed until 1578 because building went off and on for lack of money. 6.1980年我遇到她时，她刚从国外读完硕士回来。（meet up with） In 1980, when I met up with her, she had just returned from abroad with a master’s degree. 7.这是我第一次来纽约，但我还是设法找到了那家小公司。（find one’s way to） It was my first visit to New York, but I managed to find my way to the little firm. 8.在电影界要达到顶峰时非常困难的，但是作为一名导演谢晋做到了。（make it） It is hard to make it to the top in the movie industry, but as a director Xie Jin did it. U2： 1.如今许多爱慕虚荣的年轻人，尽管还不富裕，但却迷上了漂亮的小汽车。（vain, be obsessed with） Many vain young people are obsessed with fancy cars despite the fact that they are not rich enough to afford them. 2.当他的婚外恋被妻子发现后，他们的婚姻终于破裂了。（affair, fall apart） Their marriage finally fell apart when his affair with another woman was found out by his wife. 3.那位艺术家为了获得创作的灵感，在农村住了三年，放弃了生活上的许多享受。 （inspiration, deny oneself something） For artistic inspiration, the artist lived in the country for three years, where he denied himself
李明是学化学的，性格开朗幽默，颇有魅力，但英语成绩不佳，每次只能勉强及格。老师警告他，英语不好会阻碍他拿奖学金，并亮出了自己的王牌：如果李明不努力，就让他考试不过关。老师还告诉他，学习英语不能只为了文凭，否则他即使大学毕业，也还是个半文盲。李明虽然保持镇定，但他明白，他的学业生涯正在攸关之际，必须安心下来埋头学习，坚持不懈。 Li Ming was a chemistry major, a charmer noted for his easygoing and humorous temperament. However, his English was so poor that he always barely got by. The teacher admonished him that his poor English would be an impediment to scholarship. What’s more, she showed her trump card: if Li Ming did not work hard. She would flunk him. He was also told that he should not learn English merely for the sake of his diploma, otherwise, even after graduation from university, he would still be semiliterate. Although Li Ming did not lose his composure, he was well aware that he had to settle down to work and follow through because his academic life was at stake. Unit 2 我的朋友琳达接受过良好的教育，既美丽又端庄，三十好几依然没有人向她求婚。究其原因，她的事业心极强，整日扑在工作上，每天来往于住处和公司之间，根本没有时间和异性交往。一想到女儿这么大了还单身一人，她父母就焦虑不安。他们不知道该如何是好，甚至还去咨询一些社会学专家。但是事情在上个月出现了转机，公司的总部调琳达到培训部。在新的工作岗位上，琳达遇到了第一个触动她心弦的男人。从此，他们几乎每天约会，琳达意识到她会不顾一切地爱这个男人。决定嫁人的时候，她告诉了我这个好消息。虽然琳达的爱情让人想起电影中才会有的浪漫故事，我也担忧未来究竟会怎样，但我还是表达了我由衷的祝福，并爽快答应在婚礼那天做他们的伴娘和伴郎随从中的一员。 Linda, my good friend, has received good education and is both beautiful and elegant. She was not proposed to even when she was well over thirty. The reason is that she, as a career –oriented woman, is devoted to her work. Navigating between home and the company, she had hardly any time to socialize with people of the opposite sex. Her parents were gripped by anxiety at the thought of their daughter still remaining single at such an age. They did not know what to do and even consulted with some sociologists. But the situation began to change last month, when the headquarters of the company transferred Linda to the training department. On the new post, Linda met a man who tugged on her heartstrings for the first time. Ever since then, they dated virtually on a daily basis, and Linda realized that she would love the man beyond all reason. When she decided to take the matrimonial plunge, she informed me. Though Linda’s love is reminiscent of the romance that we see only in movies and I don’t know what the future will hold for her, I give her my heart-felt wishes and agree readily to be a member of the entourage of bridesmaids and groomsmen.
U8 A 1 在过去的30年里，作为一个专业的大提琴演奏家，我花了相当于整整20年时间在路上执行和学习音乐传统和文化。我的旅行使我相信在我们的全球化的世界中，文化传统来自于一个身份、社会稳定和富有同情心的互动的基本框架。 2 世界在快速改变，正如我们一定会创造不稳定的文化，让人质疑他们的地方。全球化使我们服从于别人的规则，这往往会威胁到个人的身份。这自然使我们紧张，因为这些规则要求我们改变传统习惯。所以如今全球领导者的关键问题是：如何使习惯和文化发展到融入更大的行星，同时不必牺牲鲜明特色和个人的骄傲？ 3 我的音乐旅程提醒了我，全球化带来的相互作用不只是摧毁文化；他们能够创造新的文化，生机，传播存在已久的传统。这不像生态“边缘效应”，它是用来描述两个不同的生态系统相遇发生了什么，例如，森林和草原。在这个接口，那里是最小密度和生命形式的最大的多样性，每种生物都可以从这两个生态系统的核心作画。有时最有趣的事情发生在边缘。在交叉口可以显示意想不到的连接。 4 文化是一个由世界每个角落的礼物组成的织物。发现世界的一种方式是例如通过深入挖掘其传统。例如音乐方面，在任何的大提琴演奏家的曲目的核心是由巴赫大提琴组曲。每个组件的核心是一个称为萨拉班德舞曲的舞蹈动作。这种舞蹈起源于北非的柏柏尔人的音乐，它是一个缓慢的、性感的舞蹈。它后来出现在西班牙，在那里被禁止，因为它被认为是下流的。西班牙人把它带到了美洲，也去了法国，在那里成为一个优雅的舞蹈。在1720年，巴赫公司的萨拉班德在他的大提琴组曲运动。今天，我扮演巴赫，一个巴黎裔美国人的中国血统的音乐家。所以谁真正拥有的萨拉班德？每一种文化都采用了音乐，使其具有特定的内涵，但每一种文化都必须共享所有权：它属于我们所有人。 5 1998年，我从丝绸之路发现在数千年来从地中海和太平洋许多文化间观念的流动。当丝绸之路合奏团执行，我们试图把世界上大部分集中在一个阶段。它的成员是一个名家的同等团体，大师的生活传统是欧洲、阿拉伯、阿塞拜疆、亚美尼亚、波斯、俄罗斯、中亚、印度、蒙古、中国、韩国或日本。他们都慷慨地分享他们的知识，并好奇和渴望学习其他形式的表达。 6 在过去的几年里，我们发现每一个传统都是成功的发明的结果。确保传统的生存的一个最好的方法是由有机进化，目前利用我们所有可用的工具。通过录音和电影；通过驻在博物馆、大学、设计学校和城市；通过表演从教室到体育场，合奏的音乐家，包括我自己，学习有用的技能。回到家中，我们和其他人分享这些技能，确保我们的传统在文化桌上有一席之地。 7 我们发现，在本国执行传统出口的是国外激励从业者。最重要的是，我们对彼此的音乐发展出了激情，并建立了相互尊重、友谊和信任的纽带，每一次我们都在舞台上这都是可触及的。这种欢乐的互动是为了一个理想的共同的更大的目标：我们始终能够通过友好的对话解决任何分歧。我们相互开放，我们形成一个桥进入陌生的传统，驱逐往往伴随着变化和错位的恐惧。换句话说，当我们扩大我们看世界的镜头的时候，我们更好地了解自己，自己的生活和文化。我们与我们的小星球的遥远的行星有更多的共同分享，而不是我们意识到的。 8 发现这些共同的文化是很重要的，但不只是为了艺术的缘故。所以我们的许多城市，不仅是伦敦，纽约，东京，现在即使甚至是中小城市正在经历着移民潮。我们将如何吸取同化有自己独特的习惯的人群？移民不可避免地会导致抵抗和冲突，就像过去一样？有什么关于德国的土耳其人口的阿尔巴尼亚人在意大利，北非人在西班牙和法国？文化繁荣的引擎可以帮助我们找出如何集合可以和平融合，同时不牺牲个性身份。这不是政治正确性。它是关于对人而言什么是珍贵的承认，和每一个文化已经给予我们世界的礼物。
Unit1: 1)我们像在暖房里种花那样养孩子是错误的。我们必须让他们接触各种社会问题，因为不久他们就将作为公民来应对这些问题。 It is wrong to raise our children the way we grow flowers in the greenhouse. We must expose them to all social problems because very soon they will be dealing with them as responsible citizens. 2)随着时间的推移，我们不可避免地会越来越多地卷入国际事务。而冲突必然会发生，因为国家之间总有不同的观点和利益。 As time goes on we are inevitably going to get more and more involved in international affairs. And conflicts are sure to occur because there always exist different views and interests between nations. 3)我们为我们的成就而骄傲，我们有理由感到骄傲。但是我们永远不能变得狂妄，不然我们就会失去我们的朋友。 We are proud of our accomplishments, and we have reason to be. But we must never become arrogant. Otherwise we will lose our friends. 4)信息现在唾手可得。一个普通的电脑就能储存一个普通图书馆的信息。 Information is now easily available. An average computer can store the information of a small library 5)那家建筑公司没有资格操作这个项目。他们没有任何法律文件能证明他们具备必要的专门技术。 That construction company is not qualified to handle the project. They do not have any legal document to certify that they have the necessary expertise. We must find a company that specializes in building theatres. 6)这些智囊团不作决策。他们力图提出一些对决策者十分有用的新主意和深刻的分析。 These think tanks do not make decisions. They are out to generate new ideas and penetrating analyses that will be extremely useful for decision makers. 7)国内生产总值不是一切的。如果人民的生活质量没有真正改善的话，我们国家就并不能说已经现代化了。 The growth of GDP is not everything. Our country cannot be said to have been modernized unless the quality of our people’s lives is really improved. 8)虽然那时候我们在很多方面都很困难，但作为孩子我们仍然很幸福，因为有干净的空气、水；江河湖泊里有很多鱼、螃蟹、黄 鳝；田野里有花，有树，有鸟。 Poor as we were in many ways at that time, we were still quite happy as children, for there was clean air, clean water, a lot of fish, crabs and eels in the rivers, lakes, and ponds, and a lot of flowers, trees and birds in the fields. 9)只要给某一个人或某一群人以绝对权力，那这个人或这一群人就肯定会滥用权力，因为正如阿克顿勋爵所说，“权力使人腐败， 绝对权力绝对使人腐败。” Give absolute power to some individual or any particular group of people, and that person or group are sure to abuse that power because, just as Lord Acton says, “Power corrupts, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.” 10)在我们国家，传统上都认为，“万般皆下品，惟有读书高”。 Traditionally in our country school education was always said to be more important and useful compared with all other pursuits. Unit2: 11)我跟你说，从各方面考虑，当教师不失为一个好主意。事实上，我认为这个主意好极了。
作文翻译 Unit 1 李明是学化学的，性格开朗幽默，颇有魅力，但英语成绩不佳，每次只能勉强及格。老师警告他，英语不好会阻碍他拿奖学金，并亮出了自己的王牌：如果李明不努力，就让他考试不过关。老师还告诉他，学习英语不能只为了文凭，否则他即使大学毕业，也还是个半文盲。李明虽然保持镇定，但他明白，他的学业生涯正在攸关之际，必须安心下来埋头学习，坚持不懈。 Li Ming was a chemistry major, a charmer noted for his easygoing and humorous temperament. However, his English was so poor that he always barely got by. The teacher admonished him that his poor English would be an impediment to scholarship. What’s more, she showed her trump card: if Li Ming did not work hard. She would flunk him. He was also told that he should not learn English merely for the sake of his diploma. otherwise, even after graduation from university, he would still be semiliterate. Although Li Ming did not lose his composure, he was well aware that he had to settle down to work and follow through because his academic life was at stake. Unit2 我的朋友琳达接受过良好的教育，既美丽又端庄，三十好几依然没有人向她求婚。究其原因，她的事业心极强，整日扑在工作上，每天来往于住处和公司之间，根本没有时间和异性交往。一想到女儿这么大了还单身一人，她父母就焦虑不安。他们不知道该如何是好，甚至还去咨询一些社会学专家。 但是事情在上个月出现了转机，公司的总部调琳达到培训部。在新的工作岗位上，琳达遇到了第一个触动她心弦的男人。从此，他们几乎每天约会，琳达意识到她会不顾一切地爱这个男人。决定嫁人的时候，她告诉了我这个好消息。 虽然琳达的爱情让人想起电影中才会有的浪漫故事，我也担忧未来究竟会怎样，但我还是表达了我由衷的祝福，并爽快答应在婚礼那天做他们的伴娘和伴郎随从中的一员。 Linda, my good friend, has received good education and is both beautiful and elegant. She was not proposed to even when she was well over thirty. The reason is that she, as a career –oriented woman, is devoted to her work. Navigating between home and the company, she had hardly any time to socialize with people of the opposite sex. Her parents were gripped by anxiety at the thought of their daughter still remaining single at such an age. They did not know what to do and even consulted with some sociologists. But the situation began to change last month, when the headquarters of the company transferred Linda to the training department. On the new post, Linda met a man who tugged on her heartstrings for the first time. Ever since then, they dated virtually on a daily basis, and Linda realized that she would love the man beyond all reason. When she decided to take the matrimonial plunge, she informed me. Though Linda’s love is reminiscent of the romance that we see only in movies and I don’t know what the future will hold for her, I give her my heart-felt wishes and agree readily to be a member of the entourage of bridesmaids and groomsmen. Unit 3 食品供应商缺乏诚信已经成为当今社会的一大问题。部分企业欺骗公众，故意散布假消息，颂扬食品添加剂是食品工业的伟大成就，并声称适量的添加剂对健康有益无害。部分有良知的科学家对食品添加剂的含量和毒性展开了深入的病理学研究。研究结果表明，部分常见的食品添加剂经长期，可能会对健康产生危害，这被认为是食品安全研究方面极为重要的
学术英语（理工）课后英译汉练习答案 Text 1 1有些人声称黑客是那些扩宽知识界限而不造成危害的好人（或即使造成危害，但并非故意而为），而“破碎者”才是真正的坏人。 2这可以指获取计算机系统的存储内容，获得一个系统的处理能力，或捕获系统之间正在交流的信息。 3那些系统开发者或操作者所忽视的不为人知的漏洞很可能是由于糟糕的设计造成的，也可能是为了让系统具备一些必要的功能而导致计划外的结果。 4另一种是预先设定好程序对特定易受攻击对象进行攻击，然而，这种攻击是以鸟枪式的方式发出的，没有任何具体目标，目的是攻击到尽可能多的潜在目标。 5另外，考虑安装一个硬件防火墙并将从互联网中流入和流出的数据限定在仅有的几个你真正需要的端口，如电子邮件和网站流量。 Text 2 1看似无害的编程错误可以被利用，导致电脑被侵入并为电脑蠕虫和病毒的繁衍提供温床。 2当一个软件漏洞被发现，黑客可以将漏洞变成一个侵入点，从而造成极大的破坏，在这之前，往往需要争分夺秒地利用正确的软件补丁来防止破坏的发生。 3最简单的钓鱼骗局试图利用迅速致富的伎俩诱使诈骗目标寄钱。但网络骗子们也变得越来越狡猾，最近的陷阱是通过发送客户服务的电子邮件让用户进入假银行或商 业网站，并在那里请他们“重新输入”他们的账户信息。 4间谍软件与垃圾邮件和钓鱼网络一起，构成了三个令人生厌的互联网害虫。尽管有些程序可以通过入侵软件漏洞从而进入电脑，但这些有害而秘密的程序通常会随着 其他通常是免费的应用软件侵入到计算机系统中。 5尽管因特网已经彻底改变了全球通讯，但是对于那些意图为了罪恶目的而利用网络力量的人和那些负责阻止这些网络犯罪的人来说，他们之间的较量才刚刚开始。Text 5 1.最近在《纽约时报》上刊登的一篇文章谈到了一种新计算机软件，该软件在瞬间就能通 过数以千计的法律文件筛选并寻找到那些可诉讼的条款，这为律师们节省了在阅读文件上所花费的数百小时。 2.他们主要靠耕种来养活自己，然后再多种一些用以物品交易或卖一些盈余 3.从事农业和畜牧业者的绝对数量大约在1910年时达到顶峰（约有1,100—1,200万）， 在此之后人数便急剧下降 4.这个故事总结了美国几个世纪以来的工作经历，从失业工人的层面上讲是悲剧，但从全 国劳动力的层面上讲是件好事。 5.人工智能是一种新的自动化技术吗？是一种削弱了曾经是20世纪末就业标志的脑力工 作的技术吗？是一种只会消除更好的工作机会的技术吗？ Text 6 1.就前者来说，玩家按照顺序移动，（那么）每个人都了解其他玩家之前的动作。就 后者而言，玩家同时做出动作，则不了解其他玩家的动作。 2.当一个人思考别人会如何反应的时候，他必须站在别人的角度，用和他们一样的思 考方式进行思考一个人不能将自己的推理强加在别人的身上。 3.尽管各位玩家同时做出动作，不知道其他玩家当前的动作，然而，每个玩家都必须
《综合教程2》翻译部分参考译文： Unit 1 1. 那部关于古代战争的电影采用了先进技术，令观众仿佛身临其境。(illusion) Thanks to modern technology, the film about that ancient battle gives the audience the illusion of being on the battlefield themselves. 2.在那场大火中，整个古城毁于一旦，但是这块石碑却幸运地保存下来。(devastate) That ancient city was devastated by the fire, but fortunately the stone tablet survived. 3. 他们看了那段录像，听了那位妇女的讲述，心里充满了对那位地震孤儿的同情。 The videotape and the story by the woman filled them with sympathy for the child who had become an orphan in the earthquake. 4. 那场大地震中，我们听到太多太多教师的事迹，他们拒绝离开学生自己逃生，献出了自己的生命。(leave behind) In that earthquake, we heard many stories of teachers who had refused to leave their students behind and laid down their lives. 5.豫园的建造始于1558年，但由于资金短缺时建时停，1578年才建成。 The construction of the Yu Yuan Garden began in 1558, but it was not completed until 1578 because building went off and on for lack of money. 6. 1980年我遇到她时，她刚从国外读完硕士回来。(meet up with) In 1980, when I met up with her, she had just returned from abroad with a master’s degree. 7. 这是我第一次来纽约，但我还是设法找到了那家小公司。 It was my first visit to New York, but I managed to find my way to the little firm. 8. 在电影界要达到顶峰是非常困难的，但是作为一名导演谢晋做到了。 It is hard to make it to the top in the movie industry, but as a director, Xie Jin did it. Unit 2 1. 如今很多爱慕虚荣的年轻人，尽管还不富裕，但却已经迷上了漂亮的小汽车。（vain, be obsessed with） Many vain young people are obsessed with fancy cars despite the fact that they are not yet rich enough to afford them. 2．当他的婚外恋被妻子发现后，他们的婚姻终于破裂了。 Their marriage finally fell apart when his affair with another woman was found out by his wife. 3. 那位艺术家为了获得创作的灵感，在农村住了三年，放弃了生活上的许多享受。 For artistic inspiration, the artist lived in the country for three years, where he denied himself many comforts of life. 4. 我不知道明天去崇明岛的远足活动能不能成行，因为这要取决于会不会下雨。 I’m not sure if we can have the excursion to Chongming Island tomorrow. It is at the mercy of the weather. 5. 他早年到日本学医，回国后却改变了主意，一辈子从事文学创作。 When he was young, he went to Japan to learn medicine, but after he returned to China he changed his mind and pursued a career as a writer all his life. 6. 她最近和一个足以做她父亲的老头好上了，这使她父母感到非常丢脸。（take up with）She’s taken up with a man old enough to be her father, which is a disgrace to her parents. 7. 1978年以来，我国经济发展迅速，相比之下，一些发达国家反而滑坡了。（witness）
Unit 1 1) Our youngest, a world-class charmer, did little to develop his intellectual talents but always got by. Until Mrs? Stiffer. 我的小儿子是个世界级的力?人迷。学习不怎么动脑筋却总是能蒙混过关。直到遇到了史蒂夫老师。 2) No one seems to stop to think that一no matter what environments they come from—most kids don't put school first on their list uni ess they perceive something is at stake? 似乎没有人停下来想想看，无论孩子们来自何种环境，他们当屮大多数若不是发现情况到了危急关头，才不会把功课当做头等大事。 3) Of average intellige nee or above ,they eve ntually quit school, con eluding they were too dumb to finish. 这些学生智力水平至少也算小等，但最终都退学了，他们总结说自己太笨。 4) Young people generally don't have the maturity to value education in the same way my adult students value it. 年轻人往往不够成熟，不会像我的成人学生们那么重视教育。 5) It is an expression of confidence by both teachers and parents that the students have the ability to learn the material presented to them. 这表明老师和家长们都对学生有信心，相信他们能够学好发给他们的学习材料。 6) This means no more doing Scotfs assignments for him because he might fail. No more passing Jodi because she's such a nice kid. 这意味着再也不要担心因为斯科特不及格而替他做作业，再也不要因为朱迪是个乖孩了就放他过关。 Unit 2 1) I had always dreamed of being proposed to in a Parisian cafe, under dazzling stars, like one in a Van Gogh, knockoff that hangs in my studio apartment. In stead, my boyfriend asked me to marry him while I was Win dexi ng the bathroom mirror. 我一直有这样的梦想，在星光灿烂的晚上，在一家巴黎咖啡馆就像梵高所画的“一夜的咖啡馆”，我的工作室墙上就有一幅此画的翻木。然后我男朋友却在我用“稳得新”擦洗卫生间镜子的吋候叫我嫁给他。 2) But the more time a nd effort I put in, the more the universe tried to thwart me. The Greek band from Los Angels that I wan ted wasn't available. The stitchi ng I had requested for my cathedral veil was all wrong. My ivory silk gown was being quarantined somewhere in Singapore. 但是我投入的时间和精力越多，万事就越和我过不去，没有请到我想要的洛杉矶希腊乐队，我到教堂时戴的面纱的针线活也很糟，不是我原来要的，我订的彖牙丝绸也被隔离在新加坡
Reading 1 WHAT IS STRESS? The term stress has been defined in several different ways. sometimes the term is applied to stimuli or events in our environment that make physical and emotional demands on us, and sometimes it is applied to our emotional and physical reactions to such stimuli. in this discussion, we will refer to the environmental stimuli or events as stressors and to the emotional and physical reactions as stress. 压力这个词已经有几种不同的定义。有时候这个术语适用于我们环境中的刺激或事件，这些刺激或事件会对我们产生身体和情感方面的要求，有时也适用于我们对这种刺激的情绪和身体反应。在这个讨论中，我们将环境刺激或事件称为压力，并将情绪和身体上的反应称为压力。 Many sorts of events be stressors, including disasters, such as hurricanes or tornadoes; major life events, such as divorce or the loss of a job; and daily hassles, such as having to wait in line at the supermarket when you need to be somewhere else in 10 minutes. What all this events have in common is that they interfere with or threat our accustomed way of life. when we encounter such stressors, we must pull together our mental and physical resources in order to deal with the challenge. How well we succeed in doing so will determine how serious a toll the stress will take on our mental and physical well-being. 许多事件都是压力源，包括灾难，如飓风或龙卷风; 重大生活事件，如离婚或失业; 每天都有麻烦，比如当你要在10分钟内到别的地方去却不得不在超市排队等。所有这些事件都有共同之处，就是它们干涉或威胁我们习惯的生活方式。当我们遇到这样的压力时，我们必须整合我们的精神和物质资源来应对挑战。我们如何成功地做到这一点将决定压力对我们身心健康将产生多大的影响。 Reacting to stressors The Canadian physiologist Hans Seyle has been the most influential writer on stress. Seyle proposed that both humans and other animals react to any stressor in three stages, collectively known as the general adaptation syndrome. the first stage, when the person or animal becomes aware of the stressor is the alarm reaction. In this stage the organism becomes highly alert and aroused, energized by a burst of epinephrine. After the alarm reaction comes the stage of resistance , as the organism tries to adapt to the stressful stimulus or to escape from it. If these efforts are successful, the state of the organism returns to normal. If the organism cannot adapt to the continuing stress, however, it enters a stage of exhaustion or collapse. 加拿大生理学家Hans Seyle在压力方面一直是最有影响力的作家。塞尔提出，人类和其他动物在三个阶段对任何压力源作出反应，统称为一般适应综合症。第一阶段，当人或动物意识到应激源时，就是警报反应。在这个阶段，机体变得高度警觉和激起，并被一阵肾上腺素所激发。当警报反应进入抵抗阶段后，机体试图适应压力刺激或逃避压力。如果这些努力成功，机体的状态就会恢复正常。然而，如果生物体不能适应持续的压力，它就进入衰竭或崩溃的阶段。
教材第一册 1她在一家咖啡屋做女招待，汤姆经常去那喝点什么。 2 他在一所大学当老师。 3 她父亲是一家合资企业的经理。 4 他父亲是老师，他母亲也是。 5 Frank很喜欢狗，她妻子也一样。 6 MARY会说三门外语，JACK也一样。 7 今年夏天汤姆将从大学毕业，杰克也一样。 8 全世界，朋友们用不同的方式互相问候。 9 这个问题你可以这样/那样回答。 10 主某方面而言，这是个相当不错的主意，但由于代价太高，它行不通。 11 尽管我同你看法不一样，但在一定程度上我能理解你的意思。 12 他们用同样的方法解答了这个问题。 13 每个工作日他都起早贪黑，晚上工作到很晚。 14 人们通常是工作日工作周末休息。 15 有时候，为确保人们的安全，他甚至周末都要工作。 16 她是个很棒的厨师，周末的时候常会做可口的比萨饼给我们吃。 17 很快我们彼此熟悉了。 18 他非常熟悉这位著名的教授。 19 欧美人不太熟悉中国音乐。 20 在机场我忍不住哭了起来。 21 当她在机场见到母亲时，她抑制不住心中的喜悦。 22 围观者不得靠近。 23 像你这样絮絮叨叨地没个完，我怎么工作下去。 24 努力学习，否则你就跟不上你的同学。 25 在西方，上帝保佑你是一句常见的祝福语。 26 有趣的是，人们通常向病人说“止帝保佑你”来祝愿他们早日康复。 27 我真希望从来没有遇见过你。 28 想要得不到的事物是徒劳的。 29 你想要我现在就开饭吗？ 30 他们祝我们旅途愉快。 31 假设你有三个愿望，这三个愿望是什么？ 32 早在六世纪，人们就开始奉行这一习俗。33 在们们的意识中，只有上帝有足够的力量驱逐人体内的疾病。 34 我该怎样才能驱散忧伤感？ 35 我必须先把其他两人送回家。 36 我看到他开车走了。 37 这个乞丐憎恨赶走他们那个人。 38 她急于想将所学的知识付诸行动。 39 不要太急于成功。 40 我殷切地希望他们会赢。 41 一辆小汽车把一个妇女撞倒了。 42 进他人房间前要敲门。 43 男孩撞在我身上，羞愧地笑了笑。 44 我是一名护士，请让开，不要挡我的路。 45 公共汽车来了，请给它让路吧。 46 半小时前发生了一场交通事故，警察挡住了我去上学的路。 47 顺便问一下，你最近见过约翰吗？ 48 在去车站的路上，我买了些巧克力。 49 我经常会碰到一些电脑方面的问题，通常都叫我孩子来帮助我。 50 你在英语方面有什么问题吗？ 51 我只得求教于我女儿。 52 每当遇到挫折，他便跟妻子一诉衷肠。 53 如果你迟到了，就应该向相关的人道歉。 54 我撞倒了桌子上的一杯咖啡，弄脏了您的几页书稿。 55 请原谅我的粗心。 56 请原谅我打扰你了。 57 咖啡不但没有弄脏书稿，反而使得那些故事更加芳香迷人。 58 你应该工作而不应该在床上躺着。 59 你本不应该犯这样的错误。 60 每隔几天，医生就打电话给格林先生，提醒他吃规定的食物。 61 你花钱要慎重一些。 62 过马路要小心。 63 我十分谨慎，关于这件事，我对上司只字未提。 64 你拿那些玻璃杯要当心些。 65 如果衣服着火了，应该就地打滚或用能与空气隔绝的东西包裹自己。