广德三中2008-2009学年度高三英语专项复习——任务型阅读1-1 Fairview Elementary School, Modesto, California, with some 1,000 students from kindergarten through sixth grade (about 80 percent of them Latino), has long suffered from discipline(纪律) problems, poor test scores, and a near total lack of parental involvement. The difficulties aren't surprising given that many of the parents --- immigrants who work on farms or in factories --- speak little or no English.
Since 2002, Fairview Elementary School has been a First Amendment School, one of 97 developed across the country by the First Amendment Center. The idea behind the five-year-old program: To keep America strong, children must be trained to respect many points of view, weigh complex issues, and understand the freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution(宪法). As students learn good citizenship, the theory goes, they'll develop the skills and attitude to do well academically.
Fairview students enjoy "freedoms" other kids might envy (they voted to abolish school uniforms, for example). But the children don't just exercise rights. They also accept such responsibilities as speaking up during class discussions, and keeping the school clean and safe (Fairview is rated the cleanest of 33 schools in its district). In one departure from tradition, there's no hand-raising in class. "Instead," says teacher Deborah Supnet, "we teach them to listen for when the other child stops talking." Call it an exercise in respect.
Last year, the number of students evaluated advanced in math increased, from 15 to 30 percent. And Fairview graduates in their first middle-school mid-term exam averaged B grades; 96 percent passed all subjects. Particularly encouraging to Principal Rob Williams, the school now has an active parents' group, Parents With a Voice. One of those parents, Laura Malagon, praises the program for convincing her to play a more active role in her children's school life.
Fresh ideas that are making the grade
The 1. ________ Students of Fairview Elementary School used to have trouble 2.
________ themselves and getting good grades.
Their parents didn’t get actively 3. ________ in their children’s
school life.
The strategy Students are trained to 4. ________ different opinions and get a
better
5.________ of the freedoms.
Students learn to be good 6. ________ and improve their 7.
________ performance.
The signs of success Students 8. ________ on more responsibilities.
A(n) 9. ________ number of students do well in math.
Parents take a more active 10._____ in their children’s school life.
Chinese New Year starts with the New Moon on the first day of the new year and ends on the full moon 15 days later. The 15th day of the new year is called the Lantern Festival, which is celebrated at night with lantern displays and children carrying lanterns in a parade.
The Chinese calendar is based on a combination of lunar and solar movements. The lunar cycle is about 29.5 days. In order to "catch up" with the solar calendar（阳历）the Chinese insert an extra month once every few years (seven years out of a 19-year cycle). This is the same as adding an extra day on leap year（闰年）. This is why, according to the solar calendar, the Chinese New Year falls on a different date each year.
New Year's Eve and New Year's Day are celebrated as a family affair, a time of reunion and thanksgiving. The celebration was traditionally highlighted with a religious ceremony given in honor of Heaven and Earth, the gods of the household and the family ancestors.
The sacrifice （供奉）to the ancestors, the most vital of all the rituals（仪式, 礼节）, united the living members with those who had passed away. Departed relatives are remembered with great respect because they were responsible for laying the foundations for the fortune and glory of the family.
The presence of the ancestors is acknowledged on New Year's Eve with a dinner arranged for them at the family banquet table. The spirits of the ancestors, together with the living, celebrate the onset（有力的开始）of the New Year as one great community. The communal feast called "surrounding the stove" or weilu. It symbolizes family unity and honors the past and
There is growing dissatisfaction toward rich people, according to a new online poll. The poll by the China Youth Daily in collaboration(与…合作) with https://www.doczj.com/doc/ad15926243.html, has highlighted the apparent discontent over the country's widening income gap. Nearly 8,000 people filled in online questionnaires last week, and when asked to use three words to describe society's rich, the top responses were "extravagant", "greedy" and "corrupt". About 57 percent of those polled said that "extravagant" was the best word to describe the rich, followed closely by "greedy". Ironically, despite their dissatisfaction, 93 percent of those polled wished they could be rich too, and that richer people should be "socially responsible". Some 33 percent of respondents also praised rich people for being "smart". Nearly 90 percent of respondents agreed that most people in society, including themselves, were willing to speak up for the poor but were reluctant to take action and actually do something for them. The survey comes on the heels of a heated debate over comments made by renowned economist Mao Yushi, who said he was "speaking for the rich and working for the poor". A report released by the Asian Development Bank last Wednesday revealed that China's Gini coefficient - an indicator of the wealth divide - rose from 0.407 in 1993 to 0.473 in 2004.
An earlier CASS report said that the richest 10 percent of Chinese families now own more than 40 percent of all private assets, while the poorest 10 percent share less than 2 percent of the total wealth. The country's income disparity(悬殊) is close to that of Latin America, the report which came out in January, said.
Theme People unhappy with the rich
The poll by China Daily Nearly 8,000 people filled in（1）_____ on the （2）_____last week. There is an（3）_____ dissatisfaction tendency toward rich people. Ironically, in （4）_____ of their dissatisfaction, 93 percent of the polled wished they could be rich too, and rich people should take “（
5）______ responsibility”.
（6）______ ,Mao Yushi, said he was “speaking for the rich and working for the poor.”
A report （7）______ by the Asian Development Bank The richest 10 percent of Chinese families now on more than 40 percent of all （8）_____ assets, while the poorest 10 percent （9）_____ for less than 2 percent of the total wealth.
The country’s income disparity is close to that of Latin America, the report came out in （10）______.
Quality after-school programs are designed to improve academic performance, decrease youth crimes and other high-risk behaviors, and help young people grow into healthy, successful adults.
The effect of quality after-school programs on academic performance is clear. Studies show that students who take part in such programs show better work habits, higher rates of homework completion, improved grades, and higher scores on achievement tests. They also have fewer absences and are less likely to blame. After-school programs also influence high-risk teen behavior. Various studies show decreased rates of crime, drug use, and teen sex among youth who join in well-run after-school programs when compared to similar youth who do not. Finally, after-school programs play an important role in supporting the following fields of development: physical development, mental development and social development. Thus, one can safely say that after-school programming is an effective method to help young people become contributing members of society.
Although there is enough proof from both small and large assessments that after-school programs can make a positive difference, it is important to note that not all programs are equal. First, dosage (时量) matters ---- young people who attend the most hours over the most years benefit more than members who attend less often or over a shorter period of time. Next, after-school programs make bigger difference for those students who need help most and have the fewest choices. Finally, program qualities matter. After-school programs work best when they create unique opportunities for youth. They should provide opportunities for positive relationships, skill building, meaningful involvement (参与), expression, suggestion, service, and work. Staff characteristics make an important difference in the quality of a program. The adults should treat youth as partners, create safe and fair environments, encourage personalized (个性化的) involvement, and actively create learning opportunities. In short, although after-school programs have promising future, how they are designed and run matters.
Quality after-school programs
Apart from making academic performance (1) ____, quality after-school programs are started for other (2) ____. (3) ____ a positive difference after-school programs make, we should note that not all programs are equal.
Quality after-school programs help youth become contributing members of society (4) ____. Students benefit
(8) ____
because the time
they attend is
different.
Not all
students
are the
same.
Some of the
opportunities
(9) ____ are
positive, (10)
____ others
not.
Students taking part in the programs form better habits (5) ____ greater progress in study. There is a
(6) ____ in
the number
of high-risk
teen
behavior as
a result of
after-school
programs.
Quality
after-school
programs (7)
____ well in
supporting
all-around
development.
Real policemen hardly recognize any resemblance between their lives and what they see on TV.
The first difference is that a policeman’s real life revolved round criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a professional lawyer, and what is more, he has to apply it on his feet, in the dark and rain, running down a street after someone he wants to talk to.
Little of his time is spent in chatting. He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty of stupid crimes.
Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal: as soon as he’s arrested, the story is over. In real life, finding criminal is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attacks, little effort is spent on searching.
Having made an arrest, a detective really starts to work. He has to prove his case in court and to do that he often has to gather a lot of different evidence.
A third big difference between the drama detective and the real one is the unpleasant pressures: first, as members of a police force, they always have to behave absolutely in accordance with the law. Secondly, as expensive public servants, they have to get results. They can hardly ever do both. Most of the time some of them have to break the rules in small ways.
If the detective has to deceive the world, the world often deceives him. Hardly anyone he meets tells him the truth. And this separation the detective feels between himself and the rest of the world is deepened by the simple-minded — as he see it — of citizens, social workers, doctors, law-makers, and judges, who, instead of eliminating crime, punish the criminals less severely in the hope that this will make them reform. The result, detective feel, is that nine-tenths of their work is re-catching people who should have stayed behind bars. This makes them rather cynical(愤世嫉俗的).
Police in 1.________ world Police on TV
Knowledge of 2.___ law He has to know as much as a professional
lawyer and applies it to their 3.____ work.
There is no 4.________ for them to know
about it.
Different 5.________ time spent He 6.________ most of his working life to
collecting and providing evidence needed
to prove his case in court.
Time is spent finding criminals. Once the
criminal is found, the story 7.______.
Different pressures 8.________ and the public put much
pressure on detectives and policemen.
They got no pressure from the public.
Relationship with the society He feels 9.________ from citizens, as
they hold different 10.________ toward
punishment of the criminals.
No contact with the public.
Scientists develop non-stick chewing gum Scientists have developed a non-stick chewing gum that can be easily removed from pavements, shoes and clothes.
The new gum, the result of polymer research at the University of Bristol, could be launched commercially in 2008, its developers said on Friday. If it catches on, the product will solve a major headache for local authorities around the world.
"The advantage of our Clean Gum is that it has a great taste, it is easy to remove and has the potential to b e environmentally degradable(可降解性)," said Terence Cosgrove, a professor of chemistry who helped found a company called Revolymer to commercialize the technology.
Today's chewing gums are made from synthetic latex, which is resistant to the weather and is strongly
adhesive. The new gum adds a special polymer to modify its properties, making it far less sticky . In two street trials, leading commercial gums remained stuck to the pavement three out or four times, while Clean Gum came away naturally in all cases, Revolymer said. Title: Scientists develop non-stick chewing gum Main Items
Contexts High 1
qualities 1.The new gum has a great taste.2.It is easy to 2 clean up.
3.It has the 3 capability to be environmentally degradable.
A different 4
component
The new gum adds a special polymer to 5 change its properties. 1.The new gum will solve a major 7 problem/trouble for local authorities around the world.2.The new gum can 8 fall off naturally in all cases.
The
6 effects The developers’ 9 prediction The new gum, the 10 outcome of polymer research at the University of Bristol, could
be launched commercially in 2008.
[s ?n ?θ?t ?k ?le ?t ?ks]人造乳胶
[?d ?his ?v, -z ?v]黏合剂[?t ?u ??][ɡ?m]口香糖
[k ??m ?:??l ?]adv. 商业上[?:'θ?r ?t ?s] n.[复数]当权者
[k ??m ?r ?(?)l ?a ?z]vt.(尤不择手段)用……牟利；商业化
[r ??z ?st ?nt]adj. 有抵抗力的
[?pɑl ?m ?]n.聚合物[?mɑd ??fa ?]vt.改变[?prɑp ?ti]n. 特性，属性【额外成就感】
1. come away v. 离开；脱落（同come off） I turned some of the pages and they came away in my hand. 我翻了几页，它们就掉下来了。
2. catch on v. 流行；+to（开始）明白，意识到 It was a long time before the police catch on to what he was really doing.
过了好长时间警察才明白他到底在做什么。
3. stick to v. 遵守；坚持；继续使用（做） It looks as if Nick will stick to his word this time. 看来这一次尼克好像要说到做到了。
Reporters should stick to investigating the facts. 记者应该坚持调查事实。
Educating girls quite possibly harvests a higher rate of return than any other investment available in the developing world. Women’s education may be all unusual field for economists(经济学家), but increasing women’s contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue. And economics, with its focus on incentives(鼓励), provides an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of(剥夺) an education.
Parents in low-income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family: girls grow up only to marry into somebody else’s family and bear children. Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and are kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school — the prophecy(预言) becomes self-fulfilling, trapping women in a vicious circle(恶性循环) of neglect.
An educated mother, on the other hand, has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices. She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children, ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance. The education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls, as well as of boys, will be educated and healthy. The vicious circle is thus transformed into a virtuous circle.
Few will argue that educating women has great social benefits. But it has enormous economic advantages as well. Most obviously, there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers. Wages rise by 10 to 20 percent for each additional year of schooling. Such big returns are impressive by the standard of other available investments, but they are just the beginning. Educating women also has a significant impact on health practices, including family planning.
Topic: The significance of female 1______________ in developing countries Viewpoint Educating girls is more beneficial than any other 2____________.
Families From low-income families From educated mothers’ families
Attitudes Girls are of 1ess 3_____________
than boys. Development should be for all 4____________.
Practices There is 5____________
investment in daughters.
Girls are made to stay at home, 6____________ housework. Girls and boys have 7__________ chances.
Consequences A vicious circle A virtuous circle Significance Educating girls 8__________ to social benefits, 9___________ advantages and health practices, including family planning.
10__________ Educating girls in developing countries is important and rewarding.
Possession of Private Guns in the United States
Christmas is approaching. But shooting massacres (残杀) cast a tragic shadow over the holiday season in the US.
On December 5, a gunman killed eight people, before taking his own life, at a shopping mall in Omaha, Nebraska. On December 9, five people, including the gunman, died in two attacks in Colorado.
While people are busy trying to discover the killers’ motives (动机), another issue is causing heated debate in the country --- the weapon the killers used.
The US is one of just a few developed Western countries that allow private possession of guns. Any adult can buy army style weapons from a handgun to an AK-47.
“The right to own arms is a part of the Constitution (宪法). Many Americans believe it to be a fundamental freedom,” said Jonathan Haagen, who worked for Teens.
When the United States was still a group of colonies, they dealt with a lot of corruption (腐败) from the British. Therefore, American people considered it a great danger for the government to have control of all the weapons. Private gun ownership was important in their fight for freedom.
However, with more and more killings in schools and shopping malls, lots of Americans argue that they should do away with the right to bear arms. But the National Rifle Association (NRA) said this position violates (违反) the Constitution.
The NRA is fond of saying it is not guns but people who kill. In some cases, this is true. But in many other cases, owning guns is what causes the murder. According to the US Department of Justice, more than 10,000 crimes a year are committed with guns.
Possession of Private Guns in the United States
Original belief Present situation
It was (1)____ for the governme nt alone to control all the weapons. It was
important
for people
to own
private
guns to
(2)____
for
freedom.
The US is one of the few Western countries where any (3)____ has the freedom
to possess private weapons.
As a result, more than
10,000 crimes are
committed with guns
(4)_____. Three attacks
alone in Nebraska and
Colorado in December,
for example, claimed
altogether (5)____
people’s lives.
People have different (6)_____ towards owning
private guns.
Those in (7)____ of
owning guns believe
that it is the freedom
given by the
Constitution. Besides,
the key factor in killing
is (8)____ instead of
guns.
(9)_____, those against
owing private guns argue
that the right to own guns
should be removed,
because a(n) (10)____
number of killings occur
in schools and shopping
malls.
Searching for the truth
Collecting mid writing news is like researching in history: the best information comes from those who were there at the time. So if' we want to study tile history of China in the sixth century AD, we look at the writings of the people who lived then. They are called the primary sources because they tell us what it was like to live then. People at a much later date who write about the same events are called the secondary sources. For example, when we read the original writings of Jia Sixie on agriculture, we are reading a primary source; when we read about Jia Sixie in our textbook we are reading secondary source because the passage was written about him and his ideas many years after he died.
When we make news we use primary and secondary sources. We can see this most clearly in TV programmes. As we watch the news on TV, the person presenting the programme in the studio is the secondary source( because he tells us about the news) and the reporter in. Iraq or Washington is the primary source (because he is telling us about what is actually happening there). Without these reporters acting as primary sources, you would never find out what really happened in a war, earthquake, sports meeting, concert or festival. These reporters explain what is happening so we have a clearer idea of what is going on there. They often take photographers with them who act as primary source by giving pictures of events.
In a newspaper the position is different because these two roles are often combined. This means a reporter who investigates a story may be the same person who writes it. If this happens, the reporter is both the primary and the secondary source. But the photographer who works with him/her is still a primary, source.
One of the reasons that it is important to separate primary and secondary sources is that they help us to decide what is a fact and what is an opinion. A fact is something that everybody agrees has happened. An opinion is somebody's idea of what happened. So facts and opinions are often mixed in any report, whether in a newspaper or on TV.
What have you learnt from the above passage?
Primary Source
Primary sources are the writing of' the people who lived at (1)___________
time and offer an inside view of a particular event
Secondary source Secondary sources are the writings of the people who write about the same events at a much later date with explanation and analysis (2)_________ on primary sources
News on TV
The TV (3)__________ in the studio is tile secondary source while the reporter
on the (4) ____________ is the primary source
News in a newspaper A newspaper reporter can be both primary and secondary source if he collects the information anti then (5) ______________ the news. But the photographer(6) ___________ with the reporter is always a primary source
Fact
A fact is something that everybody agrees has happened. In other
(7)____________, it is something that is (8) ________________
Opinion An opinion is somebody's idea of what (9)________________on
Conclusion Primary and secondary sources are both important for (10)_______ the truth
Many people believe they are supposed to drink eight glasses of water a day, or about two liters. Why? Because that is what they have been told all their life .But a recent report offers some different advice .Experts suggest people should obey their bodies: they should drink as much water as they feel like drinking.
The report says most healthy people meet their daily needs for liquid by letting thirst be their guide. The report is from the Institute of Medicine, which provides scientific and technical advice to the government and the public. The report contains some general suggestions. It says women should get about 2.7liters of water daily and men about 3.7 liters. But wait –in each case, that is more than eight glasses.
There is one important difference .The report does not tell people how many glasses of are needed to meet these guidelines. This is because the daily water requirement can include the water content in foods.
As you might expect, the Institute of Medicine says people need to drink more water when they are physically active. The same is true of those who live in ho climates. Depending on heat and activity ,people could need twice as much water as others do.
All this ,however, does not answer one question. No one seems sure why people have the idea that good health requires eight glasses of water daily. It may have started with a misunderstanding.
How much water should we drink every day
belief or
advice
the （1）_________ of water needed daily
(2)________ public belief men eight
glasses of
water
women (4)_______
glasses of water
a recent
(3)________r eport
men 3.7 liter of
water
women 2.7 liter of
water while doing hard (5)_________or in the hot( 6)________ men 7.4 liters of
water
women (7)____liter
of water
Generally(8)_____ amount of water need daily as much as our bodies need ,(9)__________the water from other(10)____________
For centuries people dreamed of going into space. This dream began to seem possible when high-flying rockets were built in the early 1900s.
In 1903 a Russian teacher named Konstantin Tsiolkovsky figured out how to use rockets for space travel. His plan was the first one in rocket science to use correct scientific calculation. About 30 years later, a U.S. scientist named Robert Goddard built the first rockets that could reach high altitudes. During World War II, German scientists built large rockets that could travel very far and carry dangerous explosives. After the war, scientists from Germany went to the United States and the Soviet Union to help those countries build space rockets.
These two countries were soon racing to get to space first. Each of these countries wanted to prove that it was stronger and more advanced than the other one. Both countries also had powerful bombs. People in the United States were worried when the Soviets were first to launch a space satellite, which was called Sputnik. The Soviets were also first to send a person into space. Yury Gagarin orbited the earth in the V ostok I spaceship in 1961.
The US government set a goal for its space program to be the first country to put a person on the Moon. The U.S. space program built a series of Apollo spaceship. These vehicles were powered by huge Saturn 5 rockets. In 1969 Apollo II took three men to the moon successfully. Nell Armstrong became the first person to walk on the Moon.
The Soviets may have lost the race to fly people to the Moon, but they built the first space station in 1971. The United States also built a space station. The space stations allowed people to live and work in space. Then the Soviet Union and the United States cooperated to hook two spaceships together in space. This action ended the "space race". Today a much larger space station, built by several countries together, orbits Earth.
Another new way to go to space is by space shuttle. A space shuttle, first made in the United States in 1981, looks like an airplane. Astronauts who fly spaceships have used shuttles to help put satellites into space.
History of space travel
Time Events Information concerned
Early 1900s High-flying rockets were built. It made the ancient dream of going to space possible to come 1)
1903 Konstantin Tsiolkovsky (2)
a way to use rockets for space
travel.
He planned to put correct scientific
calculation to use in rocket science.
Around (3) Robert Goddard built new rock-
ets. The rockets could fly very(4) in the sky.
During and after World War II German scientists built large
rockets that could travel very far
and carry dangerous explosives.
Germany was ahead of all the other
countries in building space rockets and
later it even offered(5) to the Soviet
Union and the United States
The Soviet Union and the United
States competed to get to space
first.
The Soviet Union became the(6)
of the race when it launched the first
satellite and sent the first astronaut
into space.
1969
The United States (7) in putting
a person on the moon. In one way, it (8) the Soviet Union by becoming the first country to fly people to the moon.
1970s The Soviets built the first space
station and was soon followed by Americans. And they finally ended the "space race" by (9) Astronauts can live and work in space stations.
1980s-- Space shuttles are used as new
vehicles for space (10) . Shuttles are also used to help put satellites into space.
Since the beginning of human evolution, men have migrated（迁移）across continents in search of food, shelter, safety, and comfortable weather. People still move for these reasons, but new reasons for human migration are arising, such as job relocation(重新安置) and overpopulation.
Three million migrants are moving from poor countries to wealthier ones each year, and increasingly, their destination is a neighboring country in developing parts of the world. People are moving within the developing world for the same reasons as they migrate to wealthier nations. People from poor countries are going to less poor countries, fleeing wars and conflicts. They are also responding to population pressures because some countries are densely populated, and they often have high population growth. Those people need to go somewhere else.
There are three main reasons why people move. The basic categories and percentages are as follows, according to the Current Population Surveys (CPS):
Family-related reasons account for 26.3%, including changes in marital（婚姻的）status, establishing a household and other family reasons; work-related reasons 16.2%, including job transfer, retirement, and other job-related reasons; housing-related reasons 51.6%, including new and better houses, better neighborhood, cheaper housing and other housing reasons; the remaining 5.9% of other reasons are attending college, the change of climate and health reasons.
Americans have been migrating south and west for decades in search of better job opportunities and warmer climates. They have also been moving to places a little far from cities, in search of bigger yards and houses, lower crime rates and better schools. In 1950, nearly a fifth of the population lived in the nation’s 20 largest cities. In 2006, it was about one in ten. That’s why many American people say, “Big Cities Shrink as People Move South, West.”
Between March 2005 and March 2007, 73.4 million Americans moved. Fifty-six percent of these moves were within the same country. Twenty percent were between counties but in the same state. Nineteen percent were moves to a different state. Some families even went abroad.
Title: People on the 1
Lead-in Throughout human 2 , people have migrated across continents.
An 3 number of people from poor countries are moving to 4 countries, especially neighboring ones.
_5 for people’s migration According to the CPS, the 6 of people move to other places for reasons 7 to housing.
Americans have long been moving south and west, looking 8 a better job chance, a warmer 9 and a bigger yard, etc.
Conclusion
Now every year more and more people move to other places, which seems
to have become a global 10 .
There are some very good things about open education. This way of teaching allows the students to develop their own interests in many subjects. Open education allows students to be responsible for their own education. Some students do badly in traditional classrooms. The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning. Some students will be happier in an open education school. They will not have to worry about grades or rules.
But many students will not do well in an open classroom. For some students, there are too few rules. These students will do little in school. They will not make good use of open education. Because open education is so different from traditional education, these students may have a problem of getting used to making so many choices. For many students it is important to have some rules in the classroom. They worry about the rules even when there are no rules. Even a few rules will help this kind of students. The last point about open education is that some traditional teachers do not like it. Many teachers do not believe in open education. Teachers who want to have an open classroom may have many problems at their school.
You now know what open education is. Some of its good points and bad points have been explained. You may have your own opinion about open education. The writer thinks that open education is a good idea, but only in theory. In actual fact, it may not work very well in a real class or school. The writer believes that most students, but of course not all students, want some structure in their classes. They want and need to have some rules. In some cases, they must be made to study some subjects. Many students are pleased to find subjects they have to study interesting. They would not study those subjects if they did not have to.
Title: Open Education
Definition
Open education is a way of teaching which allows students to learn what they are (2)______________ in without many rules.
Advantages Open education enables students to realize they are learning for
(3) _______________, not for others.
In open classrooms, many students don’t need to be (4) _________of grades or rules.
Some students find (5) _________ happiness in open classrooms compared with traditional classrooms.
Disadvantages Many students cannot prove themselves as (6)__________ in open classrooms as in traditional classrooms.
There are so many choices for students to (7) _________ that they can’t use open education properly.
Some teachers are not in (8) _________ of such way of teaching
The writer’s
(1) __________
to open education Open education is just (9) ____________, but in a real class or school it is not so good.
The (10) ___________ of students want some structure in their classes.
A smart card is a card that is carried with either a microprocessor and a memory chip or only a memory chip that is not programmable. The microprocessor card can add. delete, and deal with the information on the card, while a memory-chip card can only do one thing.
Smart cards, unlike magnetic stripe cards, can do many different things and hold a lot of information. In this way, they do not need to get information from a faraway place when they are used.
Today, there are several kinds of smart cards, all of which are very popular in the market:
IC (Integrated Circuit) Microprocessor Cards Microprocessor Cards (chip cards) offer a larger memory and better security than the traditional magnetic stripe cards do. Chip cards can also hold data. These cards are used for many things. Thus, chips have been the main platform for cards that hold a secure digital identity. Some examples of these cards are:
Cards that hold money.
Cards that provide safe access to a network.
Cards that allow setting stop boxes on televisions to remain safe from privacy.
Optical Memory Cards Optical memory cards look like cards with a piece of CD on the top. Optical memory cards can store up to 4MB of data. But once written, the data can not be changed or removed. Thus, this type of card is good for keeping records, such as medical files, driving records or travel histories. Today, these have no processors in them (although this is coming in the near future). While the cards are almost as cheap as chip cards, the card readers are expensive.
Title: (1)_______________cards
Types (3)________________ Disadvantages Similarities
IC Chip Cards A larger memory &
Better (4)___________
Hold data Not mentioned Popularity
Large (10)
____
Low cost of
cards
Optical
(2)___________ cards Store much data
Good for (5)_________
Drivers and (6)_______
to keep records
(7)_______ not much
(8)________ data
No processors
Expensive card
(9)___________
U.S. woman to carry Olympic torch in China
Jenny Bowen, an American living in Beijing, has been selected as the only American to carry the 2008 Beijing Olympic torch on Chinese soil next year. She and seven other non-Chinese winners were chosen from a pool of 262 applicants from 47 countries in a contest organized by Chinese computer maker Lenovo Group and the official English-language newspaper, China Daily.
When Bowen runs with the Olympic torch next year, she will not only be representing the United States. She will also be representing thousands of Chinese orphans, ABC news said.
Bowen, a mother of two adopted Chinese daughters, is executive director of Half the Sky Foundation, an organization which was established in 1998 and aims to enrich the lives and enhance the prospects for orphaned children in China.
Nearly 10 years later, Bowen and Half the Sky have touched the lives of over 13,000 children. Half the Sky is now present in 36 welfare institutions in 28 Chinese cities. Approximately 4,000 children are active in the program, which provides trained staff, educational tools, medical support and nurturing love to orphans.
Bowen hopes that running with the Olympic torch next year will help draw attention to the children in China. She will be among 19,400 runners who will carry the flame along an 85,000-mile, 130-day route across five continents. Beijing organizers say it will be the longest torch relay in Olympic history.
Like Bowen, the seven other non-Chinese winners, who include a German engineer and a Venezuelan graphic designer, live in China. Other countries represented will be the Philippines, Colombia, India, Japan and Russia.
According to Olympic organizers, candidates were selected based on an online vote, committee selection, their "love of Chinese culture and history" and devotion to "[communicating] information of a real China to their native countries."
Each runner will carry the torch for 200 meters on Chinese soil.
Title: U.S woman to carry Olympic torch in China
1 Lenovo Group, the official English-language newspaper and China Daily
Lucky 2 Jenny Bowen and seven other non-Chinese 3 were chosen from a pool of 262 applicants from 47 countries who are all loving Chinese culture and history and devoting to information of a real China to their own ___4___.
Bowen 1.Bowen is a mother of two adopted Chinese daughters and an executive director of Half the Sky Foundation.
2.She is the only American to carry the torch on China ____5__.
3.She will not only represent U.S but orphans in China.
Half the Sky’s ___6___ About 10 years after 1998, they have ___7___ over 1300 children and now have 36 welfare institutions in 28 Chinese cities.
Bowen’s___8___ Draw attention to the cause of the orphans in China.
The___9___ about the Olympic torch relay 1.There will be 19,400 runners and they will carry the flame along an 85,000-mile, 130-day route and ___10___ five continents.
2.Each of them on Chinese soil will carry the torch for 200 metres.
3.It will be the longest one in the Olympic history.
Sick of your job? Why can't you leave?
It's a case of the grass not being any greener on the other side. Nearly 60 per cent of Australian workers are not happy with their employer, but almost 50 per cent stick it out because they believe there are not many ideal companies around, a survey released recently shows.
The report by career networking site https://www.doczj.com/doc/ad15926243.html,.au found that after taking into account working hours, staff morale, industry, wages, image, charity support and career progression, the 2000 people surveyed predominantly believed their company did not quite make the grade.
Just over 25 per cent of respondents claimed their company's record regarding staff morale was downright awful, 30 per cent said their working hours were too long and inflexible, 59 per cent reported that their offices are shoddy and drab, and 32 per cent said their wages were far too low.
"Employers must realise that the Australian workplace is an environment of low unemployment so they need to provide better working environments or risk losing staff," CEO of https://www.doczj.com/doc/ad15926243.html,.au Campbell Sallabank said.
Those that are deemed to be respectable and glamorous firms with great working conditions are few and far between.
Only 17 per cent said they believe they worked for an ideal company, while 33 per cent said the competition was tough to get into those types of firms.
Predominantly, staff morale (75 per cent), wages (68 per cent) and proximity to home (54 per cent) are the factors considered when determining the ideal companies.
"Workers should not hold back from trying to improve their office environment," Mr Sallabank said.
"There are all sorts of ways where employees can be successful in obtaining this but if attempts continually fall on deaf ears then voting with your feet is the best way to improve the situation as there are plenty of good employers out there."
Title: Title of your job? Why not leave?
Different ___1___
On ___2___ 32% said their wages were far too low.
On staff morale 25% of responders ___3___ that their company’s record on staff morale
was downright awful.
On working hours 30% said they ___4___ too much time in the office and the working
hours were inflexible.
On office conditions 59% reported that their offices are in poor ___5___
To ___6___ in short
After taking working hours, staff morale, industry, wages, charity support and career ___7___
into ___8___, 2000 people surveyed ___9___ believed their company didn’t quite ___10___
the employees.
Central bank may raise mortgage rate
The central bank is supposed to increase the interest rate of mortgage loans to 1.1 times the benchmark one-year lending rate this week, sources said.
The move is an attempt to curb the rise in house prices and speculation in the property market.
The current five-year lending rate has reached 7.83 percent after the central bank raised the interest rate for the fifth time this year on September 13.
This means the interest rate for five-year mortgage loans could reach as high as 8.613 percent if the central bank makes a move this week.
"With the expansion of mortgage loans, and as the central bank continuously raises interest rates, mortgage loans are beginning to face a high danger of default（违约）," China Construction Bank (CCB) said in its latest report.
Total non-performing mortgage loans in three major commercial banks - CCB, the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, and Bank of China - rose to 19.2 billion yuan at the end of 2006 from 18.4 billion yuan in 2005, according to CCB.
The central bank is likely to stipulate commercial banks to raise mortgage deposits to at least 40 percent for homebuyers who intend to buy a second apartment, according to the source.
"Homebuyers will have to make a down payment of 40 percent to buy a second apartment, and for apartments for commercial use, the down payment will be raised to as high as 50 percent," he said.
The minimum deposit for an apartment of more than 90 sq m is currently 30 percent while for apartments less than 90 sq m it's 20 percent.
The central bank will also ask commercial banks to end lending to property developers who hoard（囤积）land and house for speculation(投机) purposes, according to the source.
Property prices in 70 major cities jumped 8.2 percent in August from a year earlier after gaining 7.5 percent in July, according to figures from the National Development and Reform Commission.
Housing prices in Beijing rose 12.1 percent from a year earlier, while prices in Shenzhen went up 20.8 percent.
Title: Central bank may raise mortgage rate
The ___1___ from the informed sources 1.The central bank is ___2___ to increase the interest rate of mortgage loans to 1.1 times the benchmark one-year lending rate.
2.It is ___3___ for the central bank to stipulate commercial banks to raise mortgage deposits for homebuyers who plan to buy___4___ apartment.
3.The central bank will also ___5___ commercial banks to ____6__ lending to property developers who hoard land and house for speculation purposes.
The ___7___ for raising the mortgage rate The action aims to ___8___ the rise in house prices and speculation in the property market.
A possible ___9___ As the central bank raises interest rates, mortgage loans may face
a high __10___ of default.
White-collar workers going to great lengths for stress relief
A soldier of the South Korean special attack corps paints his eyes during a friendly Taekwondo match at a South Korean Army Base in Pochon, north of Seoul.
Stressed out white-collar workers are scaling skyscrapers, camping out on rooftops, smashing up restaurants, pretending to be children and even visiting cemeteries in a bid to relieve the pressure of modern life.
As the country's economy continues to steam ahead, once popular forms of entertainment, such as karaoke, card games and even boxing bars, appear to be losing their appeal.
Consider the members of Shanghai's Cat Rain club. By day, this group of young women works executive jobs, but by night they climb buildings so they can spend the night on the roof.
"It's a good way to release our pressure. You feel relaxed when you're sitting on the roof, looking up to the sky and chatting with intimate friends," said Gong Ying, 25.
The stress of work is not just limited to people in Shanghai.
A recently opened restaurant in Beijing encourages customers to smash plates - as long as they are willing to pay to replace them.
Though there has been some debate about the extravagance of such services, some psychologists say the activity reflects the desire of some white-collar workers to vent their angst.
Some workers even appear eager to return to their childhoods. This May, hundreds of people took part in a festival in which adults pretended to be children. It was an adults-only event, and participants could read comics and eat sweets all day.
Scenic places such as parks and rivers can also help people relax and put things in perspective. But a cemetery?
Cemetery companies in Shanghai organized visits to local graveyards for stressed-out workers in March. The participants were taken to quiet spots in the cemetery where they could contemplate life and their futures.
Roof-camper Chen Bin, an IT marketing professional, said she had camped out on a rooftop about 30 times. When she's not sleeping out under the stars, she also has several other adrenalin-fueled interests, such as downhill racing and paragliding.
"Pressure may bring us distress, but it doesn't mean we can't find ways out," Chen says. "Life should be imaginative."
Life should be ____10_____
Pressure may bring us distress, but we can find ways out.
At the beginning of the twentieth century, many people thought that the American family was falling apart. A century later, we know that this was not the case. However, although the family is still alive in the United States, its size and shape were very different 100 years ago.
In the late 1800s and early 1900s, there were mainly two types of families in the United States: the extended and the nuclear. The extended family usually includes grandparents, parents, and children living under the same roof. The nuclear family consists of only parents and children.
Today there are many different kinds of families. Some people live in “traditional” families, that is, a stay-home mother, a working father, and their own biological children. Others live in two-paycheck families, single-parent families, adoptive or foster, families, blended families (where men and women who were married before marry again and combine the children from previous marriages into the new families），child less families, and so on.
What caused the structure of the family to change? In the early 1900s the birthrate began to fall and the divorce rate began to rise. Women were suddenly choosing to go to college and take jobs outside the home. In the 1930s and 1940s, many families faced serious financial, or money problems during the Great Depression, when many people lost their jobs. During World War II（1939-1945)，5 million women were left alone to take care of their homes and their children. Because many men were at war, thousands of these "war widows" had to go to work outside their home.
During the next ten years, the situation changed. There were fewer divorces, and people married at a younger age and had more children than the previous generation. It was unusual for a mother to work outside the home during the years when her children were growing tip. Families began leaving cities and moving into single-family homes in the suburbs. The traditional family seemed to be returning.
In the years between 1960s and 1990s, there were many important changes in the structure of the family. From the 1960s to the early 1970s, the divorce rate doubled and the birthrate fell by half. The number of single-parent families tripled, and the number of couples living together without being married doubled again. In fact, the single-parent household, once unusual, has replaced the "traditional" family as the typical family in the States. If we can judge from history, however, this will probably change again in the twenty-first century.
The Changes of the American Family
Main comparisons Contexts
Different___1____ There were two __2___ types of families in the past, ___3____, the extended and the nuclear.
Nowadays __4___types of families can be seen than before.
Changes in different ___5_____. In the 1900s and 1940s
Many of the women had to work outside due to the __6___of money., thus
causing the fall of __7__and the rise of divorce rate.
In the 1950s
Divorce rate slided and there were more children . The families tended to be
___8___ again.
In the years between 1960s
and 1990s
Different types of familes__9____. Traditional families are no longer the
typical ones in America.
A trend worth noting
Author’s opinion on
changes
The present structure is ___10____; it will experience changes again in the near future.
Some people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society, and we should return to the old traditions of family and community then we will have a better life. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above opinion?
In this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes. While people traditionally prioritize caring, sharing and generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned.
Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life. They say that it is a jungle out there. To survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy. Obviously greedy and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas. In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even at the cost of colleagues. We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct. It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences.
In spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary. In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned then. But we can not ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts.
Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them? There is no fixed answer either. Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite. But I personally think that people should not be too selfish. Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship.
In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others.
Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish?
Main comparisons Contexts
__1__ are changing In the past people put caring, sharing and generosity in the first ____2____.
Nowadays, people seem to be more ____3____about themselves.
___4___are changing too. People in the past appeared to be modest and self-effacing(谦让的).
People may strive to achieve their own __5___ at the price of their coworkers.
The author’s understanding
___6____ for the changes in author’s eyes Fierce __7___ and great __8___on modern people may be responsible for the
changes.
The author’s ___9____towards topic A relationship which can ___10___ two sides should be established.
英语任务型阅读练习题含答案及解析 一、英语任务型阅读 1．从方框中选择恰当的句子补全短文，使文章内容完整、通顺。 Improving Listening Sills in the Classroom Listening is a skill that needs to be learned and used well to be able to succeed in any environment. In the classroom, great listening skills mean the difference between a successful student and one who struggles （挣扎） in school. Come to class rested. ________ When your body is well taken care of, your mental （精神的） focus will be much better. If you come to class sleepy or tired, it may be impossible for you to keep your eyes open and concentrate （集中） on what the teacher is saying. ________ Have everything you need at the start of the class. If you have homework, make sure you are ready to hand it in. Bring out your notebook and pen so you can start taking down notes Also, try to read your textbooks before coming into class. It will help you understand more easily what your teacher is talking about. ________ When you're in the front of the class, you'll have an easier time hearing what the teacher has to say you won't have a daydream when the teacher is near you. Take down notes. Write down what you hear in class. ________ It will also make you concentrate more on what is being said So you can properly take notes. Try to concentrate when you are in class so that you are able to get the key points during a lecture. ________ Once you learn techniques to help you with this skill, you should see an improvement in your listening. 【解析】【分析】主要讲了提高英语听力的技巧。 A. Be prepared.做好准备。 B. Sit near the teachers.坐在老师旁边。 C. Listening is a skill that is developed little by little.听力是一种逐渐发展起来的技能。 D. This makes it easier to remember what is being discussed.这使人们更容易记住正在讨论的内容。 E. Make sure you had a good night's sleep and had a good breakfast.确保你晚上睡得好，早餐吃得好。 （1）根据后句When your body is well taken care of, your mental （精神的）focus will be much better.当你的身体得到很好的照顾，你的精神集中会更好，可知前句讲得是睡好，故
江苏省高考英语任务型阅读解题技巧 考点一考查考生的阅读理解能力 阅读理解能力是高考试题的主要考查内容。除了阅读理解题型外，完形填空和任务型读写题型也都兼具考查考生的阅读理解能力。任务型读写题中的阅读能力同样要求考生在有限的时间内快速领会文章的主旨大意，快速理解句段细节意义和理清上下文的逻辑关系，要能够理解文章作者的观点、态度和意图，同时不能忽视对语篇的整体把握和领悟。任务型读写的体裁主要是说明文和议论文。 考点二考查考生对文中有效信息进行筛选、整合和综合概括能力。 1．信息筛选题 信息筛选题是基础题目，一般可以直接通过将表格和短文进行对照，边读文章边找出与试题相关的句子信息，获取到相关单词，有时试题和原文句型句式不同，需进行简单的逻辑推理然后找到相应单词，不需变化，直接填入。 2．整合转换题。 整合转换题是典型的二次加工题型，需要考生有基本的构词法知识，对句子成分和词性的对应关系要明确。做题时，不但要找到与试题相关的句子信息，还要根据词法和句法知识以及上下文的逻辑关系进行加工，从而提炼出新词。可细分为如下两种情况： （1）词形整合转换。被考查单词在原文和试题中充当的句子成分不同，因而需在名词、动词、形容词、副词等之间进行转换。 （2）句型整合转换。试题中的被考查单词在原文中找不到同根词，无法获取单词进行转换，需根据原文中相应句子的意义和上下文逻辑联系进行句型转换。 ①表格内词性、大小写和语法运用上要保持一致。同一单元格要注意在用词方面保持一致的格式。 ②善用同义词和反义词进行转换。 ③正确使用构词法。 ④熟练运用语法句型转换。 3．综合概括题。 综合概括题要求考生对全文或段落进行总体语篇把握，通过观察表格的设置特点，从而归纳和概括出所考查的单词。此类设题一般位于表格的第一行或第一列。为了更快捷地掌握概括能力，总结和熟记一些概括性词汇及其固定搭配也是很有必要的。下面举一些基本的概括性词汇： 总结、概括：conclusion, summary 建议：suggestion, tip, advice, proposal, recommendation 影响：effect, influence, impact 印象：impression 因果：reason, cause; result, consequence 1．审题思路 （1）一审表格结构。注意文章内容脉络，标题和所需的表达类型。 （2）二审短文意义。注意文章的段落和表格的匹性。 （3）三审语法运用。注意涉及到的构词法和语法项目。 2．词性与句子成分的一致性关系 英语中的十大词类均在句子中充当成分，记住词性与成分关系： （1）谓语：动词（具备人称、数、时态、语态、语气、情态的变化特 点）。记住：英语中任何完整的句子都离不开谓语动词，没谓语动词的句子通常是错误的。
【英语】英语七年级英语上册任务型阅读训练（word）1 一、七年级英语上册任务型阅读专项目练习（含答案解析） 1．阅读下面对话，根据对话内容完成表格，每空填一词。 （T=Tony B=Betty） T: Hello! Are you Betty? B: Yes, I am. What's your name, please? T: My name is Tony. I'm in Class 3, Grade 8. I'm in Row 15. B: I'm in Class 1, Grade 7. I'm in Row 2. Can you tell me your telephone number? T: Yes. My telephone number is 5605688. And what's your telephone number? B: Oh, it's 3839833. I'm thirteen. And how old are you? T: I'm fourteen. 5605688；3839833 【解析】【分析】本文为一段对话，主要讲托尼和贝蒂的相关信息。 （1）要求填托尼和贝蒂的行数，根据T： I'm in Row 15. 和 B：I'm in Row 2. 可知填15，2，故答案为15，2。 （2）要求填托尼和贝蒂的所在班级，根据T： I'm in Class 3 和 B：I'm in Class 1 可知填3，1，故答案为3，1。 （3）要求填托尼和贝蒂的所在年级，根据T： Grade 8 和 B：Grade 7 可知填8，7，故答案为8，7。 （4）要求填托尼和贝蒂的年龄，根据T：I'm fourteen 和B：I'm thirteen 可知填14，13，故答案为14，13。 （5）要求填托尼和贝蒂的电话号码，根据T：My telephone number is 5605688. 和B：Oh, it's 3839833. 可知填5605688，3839833，故答案为5605688，3839833。 【点评】考查任务型阅读，先看清表格需要填写的内容，再根据对话将信息填写上去。 2．任务型阅读 Hello. I'm Mike. I'm 15. I'm in No.1 Middle School. This is my Brother, Bill. He's in Shiyan Middle School. He's 10.That's my sister, Helen. She's 20.She's a teacher in our school. These are my parents, Peter Jones and Ann Jones. My father is 50 and my mother is 45.My father is a worker is. My mother is a doctor. I love them very much. 根据短文信息完成表格。
任务型阅读专项练习和答案 一、英语任务型阅读 1．阅读信息，为每段选择恰当的标题。 Here is a page from a magazine named Future. Read the following information about things that may happen in the future. ________⑴Cars will run on solar power（太阳能）or electricity and will be much cleaner. They will be much safer. For example, if you are too close to another car or if you are driving dangerously, your car will slow down by itself. ________⑵Because there won't be any spare land, new cities will have to be built in the sea. Some cities on water will have two levels. People will live on the upper level, and the lower level will be used for traffic, shops and factories. ________⑶Biotechnology will make food better and healthier. Plants that are not affected by insects or illnesses will be developed. The taste of fruits and vegetables will be better and food will be kept longer. ________⑷New technology will be used to make TVs that are only 5cm thick. They will have pictures that are as clear as photos. Electrical appliances will be quieter and will be controlled by computer. They will also use 50% less power. ________⑸Many new ways to cure illnesses will be successful by using products of genetic engineering （基因产品）. Cures will be found for the flu and the common cold. However, some new illnesses will appear. 【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了未来社会在能源交通，城市建设，生物技术以及医药方面的一些变化。 A. Better and healthier food will be developed with the help of biotechnology. 在生物技术的帮助下，将开发出更好、更健康的食品。 B. TVs made by new technology are not only 5cm thick but also as clear as photos. 新技术生产的电视机不仅有5厘米厚，而且像照片一样清晰。 C. Cars will be much cleaner and safer if they run on solar power or electricity. 如果汽车使用太阳能或电力，将会更加清洁和安全。 D. Some new illnesses will appear though many new ways to cure illnesses will be successful. 一些新的疾病将会出现，尽管许多治疗疾病的新方法将会成功。 E. The future cities will be built in the sea because of less land. 未来的城市将建在海里，因为陆地较少。 （1）根据文中语句Cars will run on solar power（太阳能）or electricity and will be much cleaner. 提示可知，此段讲述的是新能源汽车的优点，故选C。
一、高中英语任务型阅读 1．请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 Decoding the young brain There was a funny experiment to see how a young child would answer a specific question compared to an adult. After the adult had spent some time speaking with the child, he asked the child, “What do you think about me？” The child answered, “You talk too much.” When the adult performed the same experiment with another adult, the reply to the same question was, “I think you're a very interesting person.” Even if the adult f elt the same way as the child, his brain allowed him to take a moment，consider the question, and come up with an answer. He could have been annoyed, but his answer didn't reflect it because he was being polite. The secret lies in the science of the developing brain. The child's honest answer was reflected in the fact that his brain wasn't equipped to filter(过滤) information before answering the question. As a result, he was honest, but he said something that may have been hurtful. However, the child did not intentionally hurt the adult; it's just the way his brain works. As a child grows into adolescence and then into adulthood, that changes. The human brain is made up of billions of neurons(神经元). In order for our body to execute a command, like getting up from a chair and walking to the other room, the neurons in the brain have to communicate with each other. They also help us employ our senses like taste and touch and help us remember things. When the neurons send messages, perhaps one sensation(感觉) the person feels is excitement about eating a cookie because it is so delicious. Later, if that person smells a cookie or hears someone talking about a cookie, it can spark the electrical signals that call up the memory of eating the delicious cookie. In an adult, he or she may remember that eating too many cookies can have consequences, like weight gain. But because the younger brain is more impulsive(冲动的), the desire to feel the pleasure of the sweet treat outweighs the consequences. That is becau se when a child is young, his brain is “wired” in such a way that he seeks pleasure and is more willing to take risks than an adult. This affects his decision-making process and it is why younger people tend to be more impulsive. Sometimes parents have to tell their children over and over again before the child remembers that something is dangerous or risky. How many times have we heard a parent say, “I tell her this all the time, but she never listens！” To conclude, what we know about the young brain is that children are more likely than adults to be impulsive. It isn't always necessarily because they are being naughty; it may very well be because of their brains. So the next time you ask a child what he really thinks of you, be prepared for any kind of answer.
一、浏览短文，了解大意 了解短文内容是解题的第一环节，也是关键的一步。因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，阅读时，重点关注第一段和最后一段，每段第一句和最后一句。 二、分析问题类型，做到心中有数 让学生清晰地明白问句类型，做到心中有数。英语疑问句有四种：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。一般情况下，前两个问句是初中英语学习者应该熟练运用的两个句型。答题之前，要求学生明白两者的区别，有利于准确作答。一般疑问句由Yes 或 No 来回答，而特殊疑问句由疑问词what,who,where,why,when,which 和how 引出，回答时需完成疑问词所指的对象。选择疑问句是会提出两种或两种以上的情况, 结构中会用连词“or”连接。回答时，要求学生必须选择其中一种情况作答，答案用短语或陈述句句式写出。比如“Is he a teacher or a student? ”答案是“He is a teacher.”或“ He is a student.”而不是用Yes 或No回答。反意疑问句与其它三种问易于区别，用Yes 或 No 回答，不过在任务型阅读题中很少出现。 三、细读短文，各个击破。 带着问题回到文章中寻找、搜寻相关信息。找到相关信息之后，不要简简单单草率地将信息转移到答卷上，此时，学生要做到认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，根据先前分析的问题类型，选择正确的回答方式。在书写答案时，应仔细推敲下面几点：1、时态一致，如果原问句用一般现在时提问，一般情况下，回答时用相同的时态。而谓语动词是被用来体现英语的各个时态的，所以分析句子成分，锁定谓语动词，锁定时态，即确定动词是用原形，第三人称单数，过去式，be +Ving ，还是have\has+过去分词形式。2、人称转换留意文章的人称与问句的人称是否一致，如果不一致，需要更改信息。将答语人称与问句人称务必保持一致。记住除了主语，不要忽略句中的其他人称，比如，物主代词。3、特殊疑问句一般是就文中某句、某段或某一具体的细节进行提问。做好这类型题的要领是：确定疑问词所询问的内容，询问地点找地点状语，询问时间找时间状语，找准关键信息，准确应用。切记原文只是提供信息，回答时，要求学生最好根据问题，运用所找到的信息和自身所掌握的语法知识写好问题答语。 四，复核 复核通常是将问题全部回答完之后，把文章再快速阅读一遍，这一步不可以省。要进一步查阅人称和数是否准确，动词时态、语态与该问句或文章是否相符等，千万不可违背文章或作者本意，在确认所填句意无误的基础上，再看单词拼写，大小写是否恰当，同时，单词书写一定要规范、工整、注意卷面整洁，以保证万无一失，拿到自己应得的分数。 完型解题技巧 题技巧 1. 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。（同义词或反义词） 2. 注意固定搭配 3. 注意同义词的辨义 4.根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项 5. 根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项 6. 利用语法知识选出正确选项三、解题技巧的具体运用 1 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有可能是同义词或反义词 2 注意固定搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，
人教版英语专题训练七年级英语下册任务型阅读1 一、七年级英语下册任务型阅读专项目练习（含答案解析） 1．阅读下面短文，在文中填入与文章意思最符合的句子。 Every year, thousands of people get hurt（受伤）or die（死亡）when they are crossing the road.________Old people often get hurt or die because they can't see or hear very well. Children usually meet with accidents（事故）because of their carelessness.________ How can we lessen（减少）traffic accidents? Everybody should follow the traffic rules. For the drivers, they shouldn't drive too fast. If they drive too fast, it will be very difficult to stop the cars in a very short time.________ So, when we walk across the road, we must try to walk on the sidewalk.________ Look left first, next look right, then look left again. Only when we are sure that the road is clear, we can cross it. The right way to cross the road is to walk quickly.________ If people run across the road, they may fall down. We should try to help children, old people or blind people to cross the road, and never play in the street. A. It's not safe to run. B. They forget to look and listen before they cross the road. C. We must stop and look both ways before crossing the road. D. Most of these people are old people and children. E. For the walkers, it's very important to be careful when they are walking on the road. 【答案】 D；B；E；C；A 【解析】【分析】主要讲了怎样减少交通事故。 A. It's not safe to run.跑步不是安全的。 B. They forget to look and listen before they cross the road.在他们过马路前他们忘记看和听。 C. We must stop and look both ways before crossing the road.在通过马路前我们必须停下来看看两边。 D. Most of these people are old people and children.这些人中的大部分是老人和孩子。 E. For the walkers, it's very important to be careful when they are walking on the road.对于步行者来说，当穿过马路时仔细是非常重要的。 （1）根据后句可知主要讲了老人和孩子发生事故的原因，所以前句讲的是发生事故的大部分是老人和孩子，故选D。 （2）根据前句Children usually meet with accidents（事故）because of their carelessness.可知孩子们因为粗心发生交通事故，所以后句讲的是孩子们在通过马路前没有看和听，故选B。 （3）根据前句For the drivers, they shouldn't drive too fast. If they drive too fast, it will be very difficult to stop the cars in a very short time.可知讲的是对于驾驶者来说开车开得太快，所以后句讲的是对于步行者来说过马路时要小心，故选E。 （4）根据前句when we walk across the road, we must try to walk on the sidewalk.可知当我们过马路时要走人行道，所以后句讲的是过马路时怎么做，故选C。 （5）根据后句If people run across the road, they may fall down. 可知如果人们跑着通过马路，他们可能跌到，所以前句讲的是跑是不安全的，故选A。
任务型阅读理解专练 （3） A Page From Li Meng’s Diary Thursday, January 23 Sunny Today I was so happy to know that I did quite well in my last week’s science exam. Thanks to Daniel, he taught me a new way of going over lessons. It is called “map idea”. Because of the map idea, I’ve learned how to find out the main idea in every lesson. And in my mind I can draw a map of all the important knowledge I need to remember. It’s really good. I can remember so much in that way. I never thought of changing the way of my study before. I was always complaining about my poor memory, but now my memory has become good because of the map idea. It made my study much easier and more enjoyable. I realized learning how to learn well is the most important for us students. 96. There was a science exam in Li Meng’s class . 97. Daniel taught Li Meng a good way to study. That is . 98. Li Meng complain about his bad memory. 99. Li Meng has learned a new way of lessons. 100. It is the most important how to learn well. （4） Dear Miss Li, I’d like to thank you for sending money to “Animal Helpers”,an organization set up to help diabled people.For sure you have helped make it possible for me to have "Lucky", who has filed my life with pleasure. “Lucy” is a specialy trained dog for the disabled.It is a good name for him because I feel very lucky to have him. Being blind, deaf, unable to use my hands easily are the challenges I face. "Lucky" helps me open and shut the doors,even answer the telephone.He cheers me up a lot. I’l send you a photo of him if you like,and Icould show you how he helps me too one day.And I thank you again for supporting "Animal Helpers". It is important that this organization does not run out of money. Your donation is greatly appreciated and the money is well used to help disabled people like me. Best wishes, Liz Smith 71.Liz Smith is a__________man who is__________to see or hear. 72."Lucky" is the__________of a specialy__________dog. 73."Animal Helpers" is an organization that was__________up to__________the disabled. 74.Liz Smith will__________Miss Lia a photo of the dog and__________her how "Lucky" helps him. 75.LizSmith wrote this letter to__________Miss Li for her__________to Animal Helpers. （5）
2016高考英语任务型阅读答题技巧 任务型阅读是高考英语试题中第二卷中的一种题型，分值为10分。本题型在测试考生阅读理解能力的基础上，侧重考查考生的单词拼写、词性转换、句式转换、段落归纳等综合能力。高考任务型阅读近三年文章体裁以议论文和说明文为主，词数在400~550之间。高考成绩的统计数据表明在这一项上，考生普遍失分较多。高考英语任务型阅读是英语阅读理解和完形填空的结合体，在掌握篇章表层含义的基础之上，还要求对文章结构框架的把握。考生不但要具备基本的英语词汇知识，而且要能够依据上下文的内容，运用逻辑判断，正确填出任务型阅读中的空白处。因而，任务型阅读对考生的英语阅读和对英语学科的感悟能力要求较高。也就是说，任务型阅读不仅检查考生的词、句、篇的掌握，而且涉及考生综合运用英语语法的能力。所以说，这种题型是比较全面的考查。学生在平时的学习过程中，要关注词汇的使用，领悟篇章的内部结构，同时还要注意词的搭配和语用知识。 一、任务型阅读题型的考查角度 1、单词的大小写（信息筛选题） 考生往往从文中便可直接找到答案，无需进行词性和词形的转化。但是如果没有根据英文首字母要大写的要求，或在特殊的上下文中。忽略字母的大小写，便无法得到本应该拿到的分数。 2、词性的变化（整合转换题） 要依据特定的语境结合文中涉及的词语，灵活地转变词性。比如：动词转变为形容词，形容词转变为名词，等等。 3、词形的转化（整合转换题） 主要依据任务型阅读提供的特殊框架，来敲定词语的各种形式。例如：文中过去式需要在题目中使用现在时，同时还要注意人称和数的变化。 4、近义词与反义词的转化（整合转换题） 根据任务型阅读题型中提供的已有信息，尽管文中也能发现相关的词语，却没能依据特定的语境进行必要的词语的转
最新英语七年级英语上册任务型阅读训练经典1 一、七年级英语上册任务型阅读专项目练习（含答案解析） 1．任务型阅读 Hello. I'm Mike. I'm 15. I'm in No.1 Middle School. This is my Brother, Bill. He's in Shiyan Middle School. He's 10.That's my sister, Helen. She's 20.She's a teacher in our school. These are my parents, Peter Jones and Ann Jones. My father is 50 and my mother is 45.My father is a worker is. My mother is a doctor. I love them very much. 根据短文信息完成表格。 15；Bill 【解析】【分析】这篇短文介绍了麦克和家人及他们的职业。 （1）细节理解题。根据My father is 50 and my mother is 45.可知父亲Peter Jones五十岁了。故答案为：50。 （2）细节理解题。根据My mother is a doctor.可知母亲Ann Jones是一名医生。故答案为：doctor。 （3）细节理解题。根据That's my sister, Helen. She's 20.She's a teacher in our school. 可知Helen是一名老师。故答案为：teacher。 （4）细节理解题。根据Hello. I'm Mike. I'm 15.可知麦克15岁。故答案为：15。 （5）细节理解题。根据 This is my Brother, Bill. He's in Shiyan Middle School. He's 10.可知Bill 十岁。是一名学生。故答案为：Bill。 【点评】这篇短文是任务型阅读理解。从问题中找到关键词。以关键词为线索，运用落单和查读等技巧在文中迅速寻找这这一细节有关的信息。在准确理解信息的前提下，最后确定答案。 2．下面是王林一周的课程表，仔细阅读后完成所给的问题。
上海市中考英语英语任务型阅读理解试题(含答案) 一、英语任务型阅读 1．根据短文内容，回答下列各题。 Do you obey the rules in your school? How do you like your school rules? A lot of school rules are similar around the world, but some are different. Every school has their own rules. There are some rules in Japanese schools. The students are not allowed to dye(染) their hair and should keep the hair Japanese black colour. They are not allowed to wear earrings, either. Almost all schools required students to wear uniforms in the past but now half of the schools require uniforms. The students feel happy to wear all kinds of clothes. The students mustn't be late for school. If they are late, they can't get into the school gate because the school gate is closed. In Japan, students are not allowed to have part-time jobs because they may not concentrate on their study. American schools have their own rules. For example, in Morton High School, students are not allowed to choose their own clothes. They must get to school and leave school on time. They must wear sports shoes in gym class. They should keep quiet in the school bus. In America, the students can have part- time jobs in their free time. （1）Why are the students not allowed to have part time jobs in Japan? (不超过8个词) （2）What must the students in Morton High School wear in gym class? (不超过5个词) （3）There must be some rules in your school. Give one example, please. (请自拟—句话作答) 【答案】（1）Because they may not concentrate on their study. （2）They must wear sports shoes. （3）You must be quiet if you enter the school building. (言之有理即可) 【解析】【分析】大意：世界上很多学校校规相似，但一些学校的校规却不相同，本文着重介绍日本学校一些校规和美国学校的一些校规的不同。 （1）根据In Japan, students are not allowed to have part-time jobs because they may not concentrate on their study.可知，日本学生不允许兼职因为他们可能不能专注于自己的学习，故填Because they may not concentrate on their study。 （2）根据They must wear sports shoes in gym class.可知，他们体育课必须穿运动鞋，故填They must wear sports shoes。 （3）在我们学校，学生要求进到教学楼必须保持安静，故填You must be quiet if you enter the school building。 【点评】考查任务型阅读，注意首先理解问题所问，带着问题从原文找到答案。 2．根据短文及表格内容列要点。 In order to learn how the students in our school spend money, we made a survey by asking them some questions. First, we asked them how much money they spent last month. And then we asked how much money they spent on snacks, books, movies, computer games, phones, transportation and other things last month. Our maths teacher helped us make a graph(图表) of their answers as follows.