Unit 1 company operation and management
公司运作与管理
1.1 Teamwork 团队合作
*evaluating the success of teamwork 衡量团队成功与否
①mutual trust: share a trusting relationship ~ free to express~ understand capabilities and limitations~communicate timely~bring out potentials~tcreate good work environment
②full co-operation: direct impact on success or failure~develop awareness of cooperation~make collective efforts~achieve the common objectives~ensure high level
③timely communication
④decision making
1.2 Internal Communications 内部沟通
*communicating management messages to the staff 和员工沟通管理信息
①overall purpose: state overall purpose and expectations~meet work enquirements~achieve performance excellence
②feedback on performance:provide feedback~manager keeps track of possible problems~employees get encouraged for hard work~given chances to correct mistakes ③more open in sharing information:employee knows in advance any proposed changes~enhance mutual understanding and trust
1.3 Reducing Production Cost 降低生产成本
*aiming to control cost in corporate hospitality 控制公司接待成本
(cost control~top priority~slash hospitality costs~budget carefully~plan ahead)
①event planning:details~exact number of people~the right supplier~...
②food costs:keep cost at the minimum~work out food costs carefully~recipes be short-listed~menus made in advance~avoid a lavish menus~narrow down to sth basic and healthy
③reducing wastage:control food portions~portion sizes~eliminate waste
1.4 Reducing Overheads 减少管理费用
*aiming to slash business overheads 削减管理费用
①budget and management:budget and apportion the business overheads expenditure~set clear budget plan~manage the cost~limit budget spending~improve overhead productivity~if over-expenditure occurs~track the cause and check it in time ②long-term effects: put overheads reduction plan in greater perspective~evaluate overall effects~enable company to tap potential productivity~ensure future development
③involve staff members into overheads reduction project
1.5 How to Deal With a Heavy Workload 如何应对繁重的工作
*coping with a heavy workload 应对繁重的工作量
①benefits system: company introduces benefits programmes~offer wellness and exercise programmes~provide exercise facilities~enhance employees’
health~introduce flexible benefits programmes(childcare/nursing care for aging parents)~employee balances work and nonwork
②time management: company provides traning programs~employees better manage time~become more organised~feel more at ease with routine work
③employees’s mental health: companys care about mental health~provide psychological consultancy advice~employees can better adjust to work pressure
1.6 Work Environment 工作环境
*designing the layout of an office 设计办公室布局
①appropriate use of space: consider spatial design~establish primary and secondary work areas for (paper work,computer activities,accessible file systems)~allocate spaces for storage of surplus office supplies~make the best use of space~respect the privacy of staff members
②amount of light: consider how much lighting~type of lighting~provide natural
light~provide ambient light overhead~task light on work stations
③consider health and safty
④calculate future growth and space needs
⑤apply ergonomics to adapt work to suit staff
1.7 Logistics 物流
(manage the flow of materials and the flow of information)
*developing logistics strategies 制定物流策略
①customer service levels:customer service sets specification for logistics system design~know customers’ needs and expectations
②information management: decision can’t without information~track product flow through logistics pipelines~design and implement information system to support logistics network
③consider order-processing, warehouse management, inventory and materials management......
1.8 Business Ethics 商业道德
*measuring corporate performance 衡量企业绩效（turnover,profits,dividends,ethics) ①workplace ethics: inspire communication between employees~extend respect to each~promote customer relationships based on honesty and integrity~core of company culture~an important tool for companies striving for long-term prospects and growth
②social responsibility: business activities have social impacts~company protects environment~mitigate own environment impacts~minimise waste in operations and
efficient management of resources
③conduct business with integrity
④conduct business in compliance with applicable laws and regulatory requirements
Unit 2 Human Resources Management
2.1 Recruiting & Selecting
*selecting an employment interviewer
①personal quality: ensure decision sound and fair~humility~the ability to think objectively and poise~prevent extreme opinions and biases~avoid employment discrimination
②interviewing skills: the skill to raise questions~concern applicant’s marital/family status~what’s the name, address, and telephone number of a person~question is perfectly legal and appropriate
③workplace is varied and diverse~experience in associating with people from various backgrounds is vital
④trainning~can’t be neglected
2.2 Employee Training
*designing an effective training plan
①training needs: take time to analyze your needs~identify your priority~choose the right type of training for your requirements
②company budget: need to have agreement from the snior person~support the plan fully and agree to the budget~the amount of budget determine the type
③employee commitment: talk to staffs about their needs and goals for
training~ensure employees respond positively to the investment~employees value and embrace opportunities to learn new skills~achieve desired effects
2.3 Career Development
*asking for a career break
①company policy: find out if the company have policies for staff wanting to take career breaks~if yes: company can guarantee you a job to return to, plus some continuation of service, plus certain benefits such as your pension~if no: talk to your employer~see if you have a chance~or have to quit your job
②advice from family and friends: take advice from family and friends~their suggestion will help you identify your reasons~find out if it’s really suitable for you ③consider what you will spend your break time: studying~may develop new
skills~travelling~may broaden your horizons~taking care of family~improve your health by not working so hard
2.4 Promotion
*thinking about going for a promotion
①work-related qualities: aiming for promotion~develop work-related
qualities~qualities include qualifications, training, skills and abilities~qualifications and training prepare us the necessary knowledge and theory for any job~constant and relevant training is necessary for further development~professional skills and abilities guarantee excellent work performance~managerial skills and abilities contribute to effective team performance
②personal qualities: relevant personal qualities include loyalty to the company, responsibility and so on~establish your credibility and integrity among
colleagues~should present yourself as a contributor to the company~present a person of high personal standing with a capacity for leadership
③know and accept your strengths and weaknesses~promote strenghs~make up for the weaknesses with a goal
④showing the sustained pattern of your achievements
⑤giving a sense of how you will continue to achieve and develop in the future
2.5 Staff Motivation
*motivating senior executives
①stock options: belong to the long-term incentive~employee will have a significant stake in the success of the business~their fortune will rise and fall with the value they create for shareholders~motivate them to develop~use their abilities and contribute their energies to the fullest possible extent
②perquisites/special benefits: include company car, mobile phone, first-class air travel, large insurance policies, country club membership, company-paid
parking~used as a mean of demonstrating the employee’s importance to the organisation~give them an incentive to improve their performance
③base salary
④short-term incentives or bonus
2.6 Staff Turnover
*aiming to retain good staff
①pleasing work environment: keep good staff~create a pleasing workplace~provide basic comfort~proper lighting and noise control~allow for flexibility, growth, and development~promote loyalty among good staffs and build their commitment
②career opportunity: career plan for employee~employee will remainwith current employer if career opportunities are presented
③paying employees for training~keep their skills current and up-dated~getting employable and being competitive throughout their lives
2.7 Apprasing and Improving Performance
*giving feedback ( motivate staff to perform as well as they can in future)
①plus points: take plus points into account~focus on the plus points~encourage staff and make them feel good about themselves and their value to the company
②avoidance of personal opinion: when giving negative feedback~unfair personal opinion won’t improve performance~lead to noncooperation, hatred~create immediate barrier~focus on actions, not the person
③allowing space for the recipient to reflect, check, challenge
2.8 Pay and Benefits
*deciding base salary
①salary level of comparable companies: compare with other companies~if lower than~difficult to attract a sufficient number of job applicants~ultimately result in high turnover~if rates of pay are high~create a large applicants pool~conpany can choose to raise selection standards~hire better-qualified employees~reduce training costs and turnover
②availability of local workforce: exert great influence on~if there is a short of local workforce~in order to attract or retain good employees~raise pay rates
③company finance should be taken into consideration: payroll budget depends on company finance~keep labor costs at an acceptable level
④compensation policy should be taken into consideration: supplemental compensations~enhance motivation, growth and competitiveness
2.9 Labor Relations
*dealing with problem employee/employee misconduct (correct employee infractions) ①role of immediate supervisor: is best able to observe evidence of unsatifactory behavior or performance~find out the underlying causes~discuss the matter with the employee to correct the problem immediately
②discipline:be taken as punishment for repeated offences~motivate employees to practice self-control and respect organisational rules
③colleagues’s assistance: bosom fellow-workers’help~they know the problem employee quite well~understand his/her situation~their suggestions and advice can be easily and readily accepted
2.10 Work Place Safety and Health
*improving working environment
①office environment: cozy environment ensures work efficiency~comfortable furnishings~office should be spacious and airy, clean and organized
②workplace culture: consider culture~treat the staff with respect and as an
adult~make the workplace a safe one for creative staff~best workplace promotes individual and group success~raise the self-esteem of staff members
③environmental consciousness: purchase energy efficient office appliances~recycling cans, bottle, newspapers, and magazines~use less paper by printing on both sides of the paper
2.11 Time Management
*setting and achieving a personal goal
①goal setting guidelines: have reasonable goal setting guidelines~make sure that your goal is specific, measurable, attainable, rewarding and timely~necessary criteria for your subconscious mind to accept the goal~drive you towards your goals
②persistence: need persistence~during the process,meet various difficulties and unexpective problems to hold you back~use all your persistence and determination to stick to your goals
③be flexible with objectives and activities:if goal becomes unrealistic with the change of situation~should modify it~if the way you do things does’t work~try another one~keep trying until find the one that works
2.12 Managing Stress
*managing job stress
①hobbies: in relieving job stress~develop hobbies~can divert your attention~help you temporarily forget your worries~sports will get you mentally relaxed after a day of stressful working~make you physically fit~should learn to mix leisure with work ②job target: re-examine job goals~pursue realistic goals that are meaningful to you~pursue reasonable goals that are not too high and difficult for you to reach
③get enough sleep
④eat well-balanced and nutritious food
⑤develop some mutually supportive relationships and develop positive emotions
Unit 3 Marketing
3.1 Product Development and Price Setting
*setting price for new products
①costs: prices should cover fixed costs~variable costs~marketing costs
②demand: consumer demand for the product clearly affects price~when demand is strong~can set high price~when demand is weak~can set lower price~must estimate the quantities of products that consumers will demand
③competition should be taken into account~company is supposed to consider the prices set by its competitor
*developing new products
①market research: carry out market research~can get such information as whether there exists a niche market for a new product~what are customers’ needs and tastes for new product~will sell well when it is launched into the market
②the size of the target market: if too small to warrant the R&D, production, and marketing expense to reach it~it won’t be sensible to develop this new product
③price: improtant factor in determining whether customers will buy it or not~price must be reasonable and competitive
3.2 Product Promotion
*promoting a product
①advertising: can reach millions of people at a low cost per person~place an ad with
a mass medium(television/radio/newspaper/magazines)~can aim at its target market and promote a product effectively
②sale promotion: use coupons, free samples, trading stamps and trade show~attract existing and potential customers~boost the sales of a product
③direct marketing: direct mail~telephone~Internet
3.3 Advertising
*advertising a product on billboards
①design of the billboard: usually seen briefly by passing individuals~so must be
eye-catching and impressive~consist of recognizable graphic and a slogan will be effective
②amount of information: billboard is directed toward a mobile audience~should not carry too much information~a few words or a slogan will be enough
③location: should be placed in a particular area of a city with heavy traffic~there will be more passing people who catch the billboards
3.4 Publicity
*using publicity effectively
①regular efforts: organization’s publicity efforts should be thorough, well-organized, and regular~should have a plan of publicity over a long period of time~make constant efforts in carrying it out
②publicity personnel: should be responsible for an organization’s publicity program~it should be directed by a designated individual or department/an ad relations firm
③good professional relationship with media personnel(reporter/editor)~ensure the publicity program do well
3.5 Packaging
*deciding packaging for a product
①image:choose the color, texture and design that provide the best image of
product~create desirable images and associations by designing a package that conveys impressions of richness, luxury and exclusiveness~upgrade the packaging of products~convey higher-quality images
②packaging design: set a particular product apart from others~packaging should catch buyers’ eyes~the design of shape,color,size plays an important role in making product appealing
③offer customers convenience: make it easier for customers to open
3.6 Branding
*choosing household appliances
①brand names: well-known brand name signal high quality~may offer better
after-sales services~may be more reliable and user-friendly
②technolofy: see whether state-of-the-art technology is employed in producing the appliances~appliance should reflect the newest development of technology in that field
③price: the top consideraton in the buying decision~prices of same products vary a lot~reasonable to choose a product which offers good value for money
3.7 Customer Service
*aiming to improve an after-sales service
①speed of response: company must react quickly to customer requests~provide prompt service~with timely and fast service, customer’s satisfaction will be
raised~will be less customer complaints
②staff training: consider staff training to provide better after-sales service~staff should have product-related expertise~when problem arise~they can solve them quickly and skillfully
③consider after-sales-service supervison: should have a after-sales-service supervison system~the service can be monitored and supervised~improve the standard of the service
3.8 Keeping Customers
*maintaining customer loyalty
①discounts: offer discounts to regular customers~company can attract its existing customers~if customers decide to turn to other brand~they may lose the benefit~so they have to think twice before switch to other suppliers
②customer service: if they are treated friendly and provided speedy service~will remain loyal to the product~otherwise,will switch to others
③newsletters:company can distribute newsletters regularly to customers~provide them with product-related information~establish and maintain good relationships with customers
3.9 Distribution
*dealing with physical distribution
①inventory planning and control: aim to satisfy particular target markets~adequate inventory must be maintained to avoid stockouts or excessive inventory
②transportation: permit a firm to create time and place utility for its products~a key element in the flow of goods and services from producer to customer
③warehousing: involves the design and operation of facilities to receive, store, and ship products~makes products available for shipment to match demand at different
locations
Unit4 Business Travel
4.1 Travel and Transport
*choosing transport for a business trip
①comfort: means being physically relaxed and contented,free from worries and unhappiness~with comfortable transport, you can stretch out, lie back and get some sleep
②cost: cost-effectiveness~is advisable not to choose a transport whose cost is beyond your budget~expensive transport can increase the cost~easily to ruin your whole business
③convenience: help to make your trip easy, efficient and free from fatigue
4.2 Travel and Accommodation
*choosing a hotel for people travelling on business
①location: should at least help you get your work done~stay in a hotel at a central business district with good transport connections~stay in a located hotel which offers easy access to good restaurants
②facilities provided: hotel should come equited with standard business needs(voice mail,Internet access,meeting room)
③non-business related services(workout facilities)
4.3 Domestic Travel
*planing business trips
①purpose: clear about the purpose of the trip~if is a business visit to another company~think beforehand who you are going to meet~what to discuss~how to promopt your company~if the purpose is to launch a product~have to collect detailed information~be prepared to answer any questions that may be raised
②travel arrangement: should have advanced booking for deals and discounts~have a good preparation of the trip~manage time in an efficient way to better fulfill your purposees
③give a thought to the luggage: keep luggage light~never expect anyone else to carry it for you
4.4 Travelling Abroad
*having a business trip abroad
①advance preparations: should prepare as muas as possible before the trip
begins~obtain names of possible contacts~arrange appointments~check transportation schedules~so as to get maximum value from the time spent abroad~also include cultural preparations for the destinations ahead
②arrival time: should plan to arrive early and leave time to rest~do not book a dinner meeting if you will be travelling all afternoon
③dressing properly: should show respect to your host and the culture of the host’s country~reflect your status as a decent business person
Unit5 Relations and Corporate Hospitality
5.1 Corporate Culture
*shaping a better corporate culture
①leadership: in creating and nurturing corporate culture~leadership plays a critical role~leader should have leadership skills of analyzing the opportunities and threats that may exist~be able to work out what resources and abilities must be developed to deal with future opportunities and threats~otherwise, company can not survive in the competitive age
②team spirit:company should encourage emplyees to be more responsible and act and think like owners~high-efficiency teams should be formed~emplyees share same working values~can work together effectively
③work environment：if envieonment is encouraging and supportive of new ideas~employees will be more motivated in work
5.2 Company Image
*designing a company logo
①company image: consider whether the logo can evoke about your company when is introduced before the public eyes~logo should represent your company’s identity~reflect the main point of company
②logo copyright: logo is legally regarded as being a work of creation including all the design elements~should be protected under copyright law~when designing~make sure that you do not infringe upon another company’s logo
③cultural differences: consider it in designing the logo graphic~particularly your company is a multi-national one
④cost
5.3 Corporate Gifting
*sending corporate gifts to foreign business clients
①cultural differences: international gift giving can become a cultural minefield~taboos vary from culture to culture~give a proper gift~understand the culture of receiver
②company logo: to personalize the gift with company logo~reflect company image and personality~leave a striking impression on clients~but keep logo small~otherwise, it would look like an advertisement
③gift should be of highest quality and the best taste~it conveys our warm feelings of respect and appreciation~say a lot about company
5.4 Corporate Sponsorship
*considering to sponsor a sports event
①target audience: define the target audience~cannot assume that everybody will watch the game~have to narrow down the major characteristics of target audience~be able to match up our product with the event
②midia coverage: to have good sales~the decisive factor is gaining positive media exposure~if receives extensive media coverage~will bring the company and products within public focus~enhance company brand,product,service loyalties
③need to look at other competitors~make efforts to distinguish our company from other sponsors~otherwise our brand will be buried in all clutter of brand promotion
④cost
5.5 Dress Code
*dressing for a job interview
①professional image: have to be quite aware how the interviewers will see you~first impressions can last forever~would be most appropriate if you dress a bit conservatively(man can wear suit,polished shoes/lady can wear dress)~the way you dress can say much about your personality
②being clean and neat：should look very clean and neat on this occasion~brush your teeth to have fresh breath~clean your fingernails~comb your hair~make sure that there is no body odour~show repect for the meeting and for the interviewers
③show your good taste~avoid using heavy perfume~would make you appear very vulgar
5.6 Entertaining Business Clients
*entertaining your business clients
①appropriate place for entertainment: decide on the most suitable place for the event to take place~should find out clients’ interest through the first contact~if they are more of art lovers or sports fans~choose the suitable type of entertainment
②clear objectives for the meeting:have a clear plan in mind when we come to meeting~work out a list of specific business objectives to achieve~while makeing sure clients enjoyed themselves~we quitely and smoothly direct the meeting step by step towards our goal
③the timing for bringing up the subject of business: inopportune mentioning of the matter of business~may embarrass our clients~discourage their interest in the business you intend to do~even ruin a fine business opportunity
Unit6 Company Development
6.1 Site Location and Relocation
*selecting a company location
①demand for products or services: should first into account the demand for products or services~demand forecasts help determine where goods or services are most likely to be sold~ a weighted center of demand exists for each product~company should select a location which supplies this demand
②transpotation:if a manufacturing company~tend to have a materials-oriented location~if company need rapid delivery~companies are more likely to select market-oriented locations~to locate near consumers
③consider labor costs~if employ a large labor force~may locate to places with lower wages rates
6.2 Going Global
*exporting goods or services for the first time
①legal framework:try to be familiar with all those international-business-ralated laws~in doing international business it must contend with the law of its own nation ②cultural differences: should consider cultural differences~culture differs from country to country~have different tastes and needs for goods and services~cater to their needs
③distribution methods:compare all the available distribution methods~choose one which is the most convenient and cost-effective
6.3 Mergers and Acquisitions and franchise
*considering a merger with another company
①their paoduct range: if 2 companies are in direct competition and share similar products~merger may avoid competition~cost in producing similar peoducts can be lowered~combined company will be consolidated and become more powerful
②their company culture:if have completely different cultures~culture integration will be difficult~there will be cultural clashs ~may lead to the failure of the merger
③their markets:if sell similar products in different markets~the merger will capture large market share~increase revenue
6.4 Meeting Competition
*dealing with competition
①pricing policies: price is a very powerful weapon in dealing with
competition~important factor in consumers’ buying decisions~may set prices equal or lower than competitor’ prices~sttract customers~boost sales and take large market share
②advertising strategies: advertising can increase brand awareness~once consumers
have seen a product advertised either on TV, the Internet, or in newspapers~may tend to buy it
③quality: a firm differentiate itself through the quality of its products~buyers base their buying decision on price~are willing to pay a higher price for better quality
英语面试自我介绍 A类： B: May I come in我可以进来吗 A: Yes, please.请进。 B: How are you doing, Sir My name is xxxx. I am coming to your company for an interview as requested.你好，先生。我叫xxx，我是应邀来贵公司面试的。 A: Fine, thank you for coming. Please take a seat. I am xxxx, the assistant manager.好的，谢谢你过来。请坐，我叫xxxx，是经理助理。 B: Nice to see you, .非常高兴见到你，吴先生。 A: Nice to meet you, too. Tell me about yourself and your past experience. 我也很高兴见到你。说说你自己和你过去的经历吧。 B: I have worked as a secretary for six years. I get along well with peers, clients, administrators and bosses. I thrive on challenge and work well in high-stress environments. 我已经做执行秘书6年了。开始是为一家贸易公司工作.现在是一家信托公司。我和同事、客户、行政管理员以及老板相处得非常好。我能应付挑战，而且在高压力环境中也能工作很出色。 A: So why did you choose our company B:As far as I know, your company is one of several leading international consultant corporations which came to China after China entered WTO. I think working here would give me the best chance to use what I’ve learned. A: Sometimes we are very busy and need to work overtime. How do you feel about that 有时候我们工作很忙。需要加班。你觉得如何 B: That's all right. But could you tell me how often and how many hours I should work overtime 没关系。你能告诉我加班的频率和时间长度吗 A: It just depends. If we have important visiting delegations, you have to stay with us. It's not unusual. 这得看情况。如果我们有重要的访问代表团。你必须留在我们身边。这种情况很正常。 A: What are your salary expectations 你期望多少薪水 B: I really need more information about the job before we start to discuss salary. Maybe you could tell me what is budgeted for the position.
剑桥BEC真题中级第四辑口语解析(Part-3-Discussion)
第四辑Test 1 Selling old stock The manufacturing company you work for needs to make space in its warehouse to stock its new products. The company would like to sell off end-of-range products at discounted prices. You have been asked to make recommendations. Discuss the situation together and decide: ●How much discount should be offered ●Whether to offer the same discount on all products ●How customers could be informed of the discounts. 库存积压品处理 你所在的制造公司要清理仓库以便储存新产品。公司想把已停产的尾货打折处理掉。公司要求你们对此提出建议。 你们一起讨论当前的状况，并决定： ●应该提供多大幅度的折扣 ●是否对所有的产品采取同样的折扣 ●如何通知客户这次的打折活动 【思路点拨】 主题讨论要点讨论结果原因 Selli ng old Discount rate 50% discount Big sale time of the year; stock and out of fashion
BEC中级口语 第一讲 Ⅰ Presentation Example PART 2: Mini-presentation A: WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…? Selecting applicants for a job W orking experience P ersonal qualities Sample 1 I choose topic A-what is important when selecting applicants for a job. As to this topic, as far as I am concerned, there are 3 things to consider. First, I think working experience is very important when selecting applicants. Applicants who have already had the work experience in the relevant fields will learn the new job easier and quicker. And it will also save the company a lot of training fees if the applicant has related experience. Second, we must consider the personal qualities of the applicants, such as personality and health. Companies tend to employ people whose character fits a special job. For example, consulting company tends to employ applicant who is analytical and knowledgeable, but advertising agents like their employees to be energetic and creative. Third, I believe language is of great importance when selecting applicants. Nowadays, we do business with people from all over the world. Always we buy goods from Africa, and sell our electronic product to Europe; a foreign language especially English is needed if the company wants to expand to the world. Applicants who can speak one or more foreign languages will have a better chance to get the job. Sample 2 As we all know, the criteria used by HR professionals in screening and selecting applicants normally include such factors as working experience, personal qualities and communicative skills. Firstly, we pay a lot of attention to working experience of the applicant. A person with a solid record of related experience is more likely to fit in with a new company. Therefore he or she can be trusted to fulfill the tasks and solve the problems in a more professional and competent way. In addition to this, we also look at the personal qualities of the applicant. Does he or she has integrity, perseverance or ‘can do’spirit? Surely any organization can benefit from the reliability, devotion and enthusiam of its employees. Finally, good communicative skills such as interpersonal skills and team spirit are also becoming an important precondition in selecting qualified employees. B: WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…? Preparing for a job interview S tudying the job advertisement Finding out about the company Before you go for an interview, you must make preparations so as to face the interviewer with more confidence. They include studying the job advertisement, finding out about the company, preparing yourself psychologically, etc.
商务英语的口语化是商务英语最具有实践性的一个特点,作为在就业上并不占优势的高职生,如果具有熟练的商务英语口语运用能力就会增加进入国际化企业工作的机会。商务英语所包含的内容涵盖了商务活动的全过程,既包括迎接外商、电话联系、安排行程、购物、宴请等日常国际商务活动,也涵盖了市场调查、订购、谈判、签约、支付、装运等基本国际商务环节,而商务英语口语就贯穿在这些商务活动及商务环节中,是商务活动成功的关键所在。 1商务英语口语课的现状 一直以来,大部分学生在学校里接受的英语学习都是以应试为主,老师给学生教授更多的是词汇和语法方面的知识,能运用英语流畅地进行交流的学生人数并不是很多,所以“哑巴”英语的现象非常普遍,这是阻碍商务英语口语课取得良好效果的一个重要原因。 作为教学活动的安排和组织者,学校对商务英语口语课并不是很重视。以笔者所在学校为例,作为专业课,商务英语口语课仅在经济管理系的国际贸易专业中开设。把商务英语口语局限于外贸英语对话是当前商务英语口语教学中一个很普遍的现象,所以安排教学大纲的老师就认为商务英语口语仅仅是国际贸易专业的必修课,其他专业的学生学不学都无所谓。但是随着中国经济的迅猛发展,加之全球经济一体化的影响,我国对外商业交往形式日趋多元化,今日的商务涵盖范围非常广,包括金融、营销、管理、旅游、物流等许多方面,贸易只是其中的一个组成部分,因此,在经济管理、物流管理、电子商务、市场营销等相关的专业中开设商务英语口语课是十分必要的。 以笔者所在的学校为例,商务英语口语课作为全院任选课,每学期有200多名学生选修,分为两个教学班,每个班有100多名学生,这样的学生人数在口语课的授课过程中存在着弊端。口语课最重要的环节就是口语练习,包括老师与学生的对话,学生与学生的对话,而班级规模过大,学生人数过多,老师就难以兼顾到每个学生,这样导致的结果就是,口语好的学生由于敢于发言,得到锻炼的机会就多,口语就越来越好;反之,口语不太好的学生就更不敢开口说英语,造成学生口语水平的两极分化。学生课堂上操练口语的机会少,听力时间得不到保证,就培养不出纯正的语音语调。 2适用于商务英语口语课程的教学方法 2. 1基础教学法 要从根本上提高高职生的商务英语口语水平,就要从日常的英语教学抓起。所以,应该让更多专业的学生在学习大学英语的基础上了解商务英语的内容。笔者现在所教授的06级高职生使用的教材是21世纪高职高专规范教程《新编实用英语综合教程》(第三册) ,这本教材中的内容,例如产品介绍、公司管理、电子商务等,都跟商务英语有着密切的关系,同时,在练习日常英语口语的同时加入商务英语口语的内容。当前学生的英语口语对话主题,不应该局限在问好、讨论天气、询问兴趣上,而应该集中在一些在商务活动中经常出现的话题上,比如说商务接待、发盘还盘、装运、保险、信用证等。当然,这也要求英语老师不仅具有良好的英语知识传授能力,还要对国际商务活动的各个环节有所了解。 2. 2案例教学法 案例教学法是当前比较流行也是比较受学生欢迎的一种教学法,因为它是以学生为中心的一种教学方法,在整个教学过程中,老师只是学生学习的帮助者,这种教学法有助于提高学生的主动性、积极性以及处理问题的能力,应用到商务英语口语的教学当中,可以提高学生在使用商务英语口语过程中随机应变的能力。但是由于高职生的英语底子比较薄弱,对商务知识的了解也比较浅显,所以在选择案例的时候应该注意: (1)案例材料应该符合高职生的语言水平与学习需求。过难或者是过于专业化的案例材料会让学生失去学习的兴趣,所以所选的案例应该是生动有趣的,最好与学生的课本内容息息相关,让学生在学习的过程中有所参考。 (2)案例材料必须是真实的,描述真实的商务环节。任课老师也许没有参与商务活动的经验,但是可以充分利用网络资源来寻找真实的案例材料,因为只有真实的案例才能够在教学过程中
BEC初级口语电子讲义 第一课时 BEC Preliminary介绍 Ⅰ BP Introduction BEC初级介绍 (ⅰ)Why take BEC exams? * strong growth * rigorous quality control * wide suitability * wide business context * value for study and business career * international recognition for work and study (ⅱ) BP Content BP包含的内容 BP考试主要是考学生的语言能力，包括听、说、读、写四个方面。试卷所设计的语言文字基本上都与商务有关。另外，还考学生的英语语法、结构等内容。 BP考试分笔试和口试两大部分。笔试包括阅读、写作和听力。 听说读写 听力：电话、面谈、问路、讨论等 阅读：来往函电、表格、会议记录(memorandum)、广告(advertisement)、通知(announcement)、日程安排(business schedule)、电话留言、简历(resume/CV)、商业文章、信息转换、产品目录(product catalog) 写作：写短文、商务信函(查询信、复查询信、抱怨信、图表描述) 口语：日常会话(daily conversation)、简单陈述(mainly presentation)、讨论问题 (ⅲ) Papers 试卷 Preliminary V antage Advanced Reading 1 hr 30 mins ﹡ 1 hr 1 hr Writing45 mins 1 hr 10 mins Listening40 mins40 mins40 mins Speaking 12 mins ﹡﹡14 mins ﹡﹡16 mins ﹡﹡ ( 2 candidates)
BEC中级口语考试：基础篇 1.1第一部分考试形式 (Test format of Part 1) 在第一部分考试中，考官就考生的个人情况或工作、学习情况向其提问，考生作答。然后考官再提问，考生再作答。考官一般会对每个考生进行两轮提问，每一轮三至四个问题，随后转向另一名考生，在两名考生间交替进行，直到规定时满为止，一般大约3 分钟。 这部分考试的特点是：话题涵盖的范围一般比较简单、浅显，不会超出日常会话的范畴，而且大部分话题都比较类似，是由主考官从剑桥大学考试委员会印发的Question List上随机挑选的。考前的充分准备足以保证考生应付大多数问题。而且在第一部分考核过程中，考官提问的问句大部分都是简单句，一般不超过15个单词，清晰易懂。 1.2应试建议 (Tips on how to cope with Part 1) (1)Greet upon entering the exam room. 进入考场后，考生应当充满自信，自然大方地向考官问候致意。话不需多，但自然、新切的问候语，可以给考官留下良好的第一印象。常用的问候语包括： Good morning, sir / miss / madam. Good afternoon, sir / miss / madam. Nice to meet you. （注：有两位男老师在场，可以称呼gentlemen. 有两位女老师在场，可以称呼misses. 有一位男老师和一位女老师在场，可以干脆免去后面的敬呼语，或直接采纳上面第三种问候方式，以免去敬呼语太长、太繁琐的尴尬。Madam 一般用于明显很年长的女教师，否则改用miss，因为女性对年龄认可度比较敏感。） (2)Relax yourself, yet do avoid over relaxing yourself. 大部分考生都有过这样的经历：平时跟同伴一起练口语的时候说得挺流畅的，但一到课堂上回答老师问题时，或是一进入口语考试房间时，所有头脑中的思路都不翼而飞，头脑一片空白。因此，在很多情况下，口语考试表现不好并不是口语水平问题，而是过分紧张导致的发挥失常。因此，平时试着让自己多练练紧张时放松的能力，对于克服进入考场后突然情绪紧张导致的发挥失常很有帮助。 (3)Familiarize yourself with the pronunciation and intonation of the interlocutor and the other candidate. 由于考生来自不同的地域，很多方音重的考生在说英语的时候也同样如此，这在很大程度上会影响其他同一考场的考生的理解和反应。考官尽管发音准确，但因为不熟悉他（她）的语音语调，也有可能造成误解。因此，进入考场后，要尽快熟悉他们的语音语调及语速，以免由于误听导致反应错误。 (4)Be precise in understanding the questions. 考官的提问也好，同伴的问题也好，没听清的情况下切不可盲目作答，一定要问清楚问题是什么。考生要清楚的一点是，BEC口语考试是“口语”考试，而非听力考试，也许没听清对方的问题会影响你的分数，而在没听清问题的情况下盲目作答而导致答非所问，更会真正丢分。在以往的考试中，有些考生由于事先针对第一部分做了充分的准备，因此在考官提问的时候没有全神贯注，而是凭着准备过的问题想当然，背诵事先准备好的答案。这种错误是极不应该的，不仅会给考官留下作弊（cheating ）的不良印象，还会由于听力水平不佳而被扣分。要求对方重述问题的常用句型包括： Pardon, please? I beg your pardon? Sorry, could you please say that again? I’m sorry, but I didn’t quite catch you. Would you please repeat what you’ve
《商务英语口语900句》 出版发行：广东世界图书出版公司 ISBN 7-5062-6878-7/H.0471 中国加入WTO以后，急需培养一大批既懂得国际经贸知识，又熟练掌握商务英语的人才。为了让更多的经贸人员尽快适应我国对外贸易迅速发展的经济形势，我们编写了《商务英语口语900句》一书。 本书市作者对自己多年商贸英语教学实践和商务世纪现场谈判经验的总结，涉及范围全面，内容充实，语言规范、景点，适用面广，实用性强，可以说不但是一本理想的商务口语培训教材，也是一本非常实用的对外经贸业务人员的必备工作手册。 本书共由30各单元组成，每个单元设计了20-40个句子不等，其中有30或40 个句子的单元又分成了两个部分，以减轻学员在学习时的心理负担。 本书同时配有长期在中国从事英语口语教学的美国口语教师配音的cd，以便学院边听边学，帮助他们尽快掌握商务英语会话的各种技巧，同时也可以提高自己的语音语调水平。 目录： Unit 1 希望与要求 Unit 2 产品介绍 Unit 3 业务范围介绍 Unit 4 承诺 Unit 5 询盘 Unit 6 报盘 Unit 7 还盘 Unit 8 对还盘的反应 Unit 9 要求优惠 Unit 10 给予优惠 Unit 11 双方让步 Unit 12 订货及确认 Unit 13 请求代理并说明代理理由和代理能力 Unit 14 对代理请求的回应 Unit 15 代理条件和要求 Unit 16 合同 Unit 17 卖方对支付方式的要求 Unit 18 买方的支付方式 Unit 19 保险 Unit 20 对包装的建议及要求 Unit 21 告知客户包装所用材料、方式及其质量保证 Unit 22 货运通知 Unit 23 货运要求及答复
BEC商务英语初级口语考试短语 为了让大家更好的准备商务英语BEC考试，给大家BEC商务英语初级口语考试短语,下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 1. We’d like to express out desire to establish business relations with you on the basis of equally, mutual benefit and the exchange of needed goods. 我方希望能在平等、互利、互通有无的基础上与贵司建立业务关系。 2. In order to extend our export business to your country, we wish to enter into direct business relations with you. 为了能在贵国拓宽我方的出口业务，我们希望能与你们直接建立业务关系。 3. Our hope is to establish mutually beneficial trading relations between us. 我们希望双方能建立互惠的贸易关系。
4. We look forward to a further extension of pleasant business relations. 希望我们之间友好的业务关系得到进一步的发展。 5. It’s our hope to continue with considerable business dealing with you. 我方希望能够继续同贵方保持大量的业务往来。 6. We look forward to receiving your quotation very soon. 我方期待着尽快收到贵方的报价。 7. I hope you’ll see from the reduction that we are really doing our utmost. 希望贵方能从这一降价中看出我方真的在尽最大的努力。 8. We hope to discuss business with you at your earliest convenience.
剑桥BEC真题集第四辑（中级）口语修正版答案 What is important when Planning a presentation？ ●Audience ●Equipment needed Firstly，You need to know who is going to be the target audience. Whether the audience know anything about the topic of your presentation, What they are interested in, and Why they come to your presentation. Once you have found out something about the target audience, you need to keep in mind their interests and needs so as to make your presentation interesting and meaningful for the target audience. Secondly, you need to decide what kind of equipment will be needed for the presentation, e.g. over-head projector; clear transparencies; computer; microphone, acoustic for the venue where the presentation will take place. Also,You need to make sure that the equipment needed will be available on the day when the presentation will take place. what’s more, you need to check that all the equipment is in good condition and works well. What is important when selecting an interpreter for a meeting with foreign clients ●Experience ●Reliability Firstly, you need to select an interpreter who is experienced in interpreting for such meetings, the interpreter should have a wide knowledge about business management and familiar with the special terms and jargons for commercial negotiations, finance, law, etc. in addition, a background knowledge about the target country is also important too. Secondly, the interpreter for a meeting with foreign clients should be reliable in the following aspects: being punctual for the meetings,keeping information learned at the meetings confidential and interpreting accurately what is being discussed What is important when introducing a new product range onto the market ●Timing ●advance publicity Firstly ,the introduction should be made at an appropriate time, i.e. when the market is matured for having this new product range, in other words, there will be prospective customers to buy the products. If there are any competitors who are planning to introduce similar products onto the market, then it is necessary that the introduction should be made ahead of their introduction so as to grab as much market share as possible. Secondly, advance publicity is important in that it will pave the way for the introduction, i.e. to make it known to the general public. There are different ways to implement advance publicity. -- to have a news conference to declare the introduction --to advertise on TV/radio, in newspaper/magazines --to deliver samples of the new product (delivery can be made in the streets, in
商务英语情景口语：统计分析 A： Now, where were we? Oh yes, can you give us an idea about the statistical analysis? B： Our analysis shows that we are very competitive. If you refer to the last page of the handout, you will see a plot of our expenses vs. our profits for the last quarter. Do you think it's neccesary to go over the expenses more in detail? A： Unless anyone has specific questions, let's move on to the next point. Motion to accept statistical analysis report. B： I move to accept. A： Second? C： I second. A： all in favour? Motion pass. Now, let's get done to the nitty- gritty. We have all seen the performance review reports, but I would like to discuss in detail our human resource's agenda. C： to get to the bottom of the issue, our problem with human resources is a lack of qualified applicants, as well as not enough incentives to current employees. I recommend management training for our executive staff. A： I'm sorry, I don't think I understand. Can you please elaborate?
2010年商务英语BEC初级口语词汇详解1 1.binary adj.二进位的；二元的 【例句】The binary system of numbers is used in digital computers. 数字计算机都使用二进制数字系统。 2.bind vi.结合；装订；约束 【相关词组】bind in 并合bind out 订立契约当学徒 【例句】I am bound by this agreement. 我受这项协议的约束。 3.binding n.约束；装帧adj.链接的；有约束力的；负有义务的 【商务用语】original binding 原装，原来装订 a binding agreement 需要遵守的合约worn binding 破损本，装订残损本volume binding （期刊的）合订本 【例句】This regulation is binding on everybody. 本规则人人皆需遵守。 4.blank adj.空白的n.空白；表格 【商务用语】address blank 空地址application blank 空白申请书 income tax return blank 空白所得税申报表order blank 订货单 【例句】Write your name, address and telephone number in the blank spaces at the top of the page. 在这一页顶端的空白处写上你的姓名、地址和电话号码。 5.blanket adj.总括的；综合的 【商务用语】blanket price 一揽子价格blanket order 总括订购单 blanket mortgage 总括抵押（即以债务人全部资产作抵押） blanket insurance 综合保险，总括保险 【例句】A blanket insurance policy insures a car against all kinds of accidents. 一张综合保险单承保汽车一切意外事故。 6.bootleg vt.非法制造酒等；走私 【例句】The company bootlegged corn whiskey during Prohibition. 那家公司在禁酒期间偷运玉米威士忌。 7.bottleneck n.瓶颈状态；薄弱环节；阻塞现象；影响生产流程的因素vt.阻塞，妨碍 【商务用语】bottleneck commodity 稀缺商品bottleneck problem 薄弱环节问题bottleneck inflation 瓶颈式通货膨胀，短线涨价bottleneck industry 薄弱环节产业 【例句】Production of material has bottlenecked. 原料的生产受到了阻碍。 8.bounty n.奖励金，补助金 【商务用语】export bounty 出口津贴import bounty 进口奖励金 【例句】We received a bounty from the government. 我们收到政府给予的一笔补助金。 9.boycott n.联合抵制vt.联合抵制；联合排斥某国货物或与某国绝交；联合拒购 【商务用语】credit boycott 拒付货款primary boycott 直接抵制 boycott a commercial product 抵制某种商品boycott a nation 对某国实行抵制 【例句】They are boycotting the shop because the people who work there are on strike to boycott a meeting. 他们拒绝购买那家商店的货物，因为店里的员工正在为联合抵制一个会议而罢工。 10.brainstorm n.灵机一动vt.集中各人智慧猛攻 【例句】We need to brainstorm a more permanent solution to a problem. 我们需要群策群力，设法找到一个长期有效的解决办法。 2010年商务英语BEC初级口语词汇详解2 1.breach n.违背 【商务用语】breach of arrestment 擅自处理已查封的财产 breach of duty 失职，玩忽职守breach of faith 违约；失信 breach of trust 受托人违反信托约定；违约 【例句】Y our company is in breach of the contract.你们公司违反了合同。
本项考试的时间：7分钟左右 本项考试的形式：每个考生得到相同的文字资料，按照要求对需要解决的问题进行讨论，并最终得出结果。考生在进行考试前有30秒时间阅读文字材料，并且在考试过程中可以参考材料。 实用技巧：将文字材料中的字句进行简化并表达出来。（见范例） 从正反两方面思考，拓宽思路 可适当利用个人意见法与细节提问法 3．两名考生讨论和解决的问题进行。 实用步骤1：一问一答式的讨论（范例1） A提问（一句话）——B回答（一句话），阐述理由（两句话），A附和（一句话），阐述理由（两句话）——一B提问（一句话）——A回答（一句话）,阐述理由（两句话），B附和（一句话），阐述理由（两句话）.——A或B定下决定（一句话）——B或A支持决定（一句话）。 这种方法思路清晰明确，但切忌回答过于简单。 实用步骤2：各自阐述观点的讨论（范例2） A阐述观点（一句话）和理由（两句话）——B对A的观点表态（一句话），阐述自己的观点并阐述理由（两句话）——双方讨论，深入阐述本人观点（A，B各两句话）——定下决定（A，B各一句话）。 这种方法适合对问题的辩论。但考生需注意彼此的交流。 实用技巧（见范例）： A.提问者将文字材料中规定讨论的部分（通常特殊疑问句）改为一般疑问句并进行表述。 B.使用第一人称I或We进行表述，自然进入虚拟的工作环境中。 C.使用工作场合中常用的套话使得交流更加自然。例如：Shall we get down to our business? D.在讨论中表达同意时所用的句型：I think so. / You are right. /That’s quite true. /Definitely. /I have the same view. /I share your concern. /That’s a good point. / No doubt about it. E. 在讨论中表达不同意时所用的句型：That’s true but…. Yes I know but…. I understand but…. I don’t think that I agree with you. I don’t think so. I can’t agree with you. I have some difficulty with your view. Attending Trade Fairs Your company has been invited to take part in a trade fair, which will take place during the busiest time of the year. Y ou have been asked to decide whether staff should be sent to this trade fair. Discuss and decide together: *what the advantages and disadvantages are of attending trade fairs *which members of staff would most usefully represent a company at a trade fair Model Answer 1: A: You know our company has been invited to this year’s Guangzhou Trade Fair in July. But July is our busiest time. So we have to decide whether to send our staff to attend this fair. What’s your opinion?
剑桥商务英语（BEC）中级口语考试试题 口语考试分为三部分： 第一阶段：考官和考生交流，时间大约3分钟Example 1.Q：What’s your name? A：My name is (Kate) (注：括号内的为参考答案) 2 .Q：Where are you from? A：I come from (JiangSu Province) 3. Q：Are you a student or worker? A：I am a (student/worker) 要点:：以上问题，只要你简单阐述就行了，不要长篇大论，而且老师问什么，你回答什么，千万不要拖泥带水。 Exercise:(每人问两个问题和答两个问题) 1、What is your major? 2、Which course do you like best? 3、Why do you study English? 4、Ｄo you like doing business? Why? 第二阶段：时间大概6分钟，每个考生分别发给一张带有三个不同题目的卡片，每个考生的题目都是不同的。考生需要从三个题目中选择一个题目，准备一分种，然后根据题目的要求他和提示作一分种的简短发言。 Ｅxercise :(以下问题三选一，每人陈述一分钟，并把你要讲的内容写在作业本上。) 1、Selecting a business magazine，which is more important? Cost Content ２、Choosing software, which is more important? Potential benefit