大学英语六级阅读专项练习4

2020年6月大学英语六级长篇阅读练习题（1）10 Ways Obama Could Fight Climate Change[A] One of the biggest surprises of President Barack Obama's inaugural address,on Monday was how much he focused on fighting climate change, spending more time on that issue than any other. "We will respond to the threat of climate change, knowing that the failure to do so would betray our children and future generations," Obama said. The President pointed out that recent severe weather supplied an urgent impetus for energy innovation and staked the nation's economic future on responding to a changing climate. "We cannot cede to other nations the technology that will power new jobs and new industries--we must claim its promise," Obama said. '" That's how we will maintain our economic vitality and our national treasure--our forests and waterways; our croplands and snowcapped (山顶积雪的) peaks. That is how we will preserve our planet, commanded to our care by God. " so what could the President reasonably do to deliver on that vow? Here are ten of their suggestions:Sunset coal with new incentives and regulations.[B] "Provide incentives to phase out the oldest, most polluting power plants," said Robert Jackson, a climate scientist at Duke University. It's already happening, to some degree, as more of the nation transitions to natural gas. Earth scientist Bill Chameides, dean of Duke's Nicholas School of the Environment and a former chief scientist at the Environmental Defense Fund, urges the administration to use its Clean, Air Act authority to promulgate (颁布)carbon regulations for existing power plants like it has for new ones: "Doing that will force fuel switching from coal to natural gas. "Invest federal stimulus money in nuclear power.[C] It's hardly a perfect fuel, as accidents like Japan's Fukushima fallout have shown, but with safety precautions new nuclear plants can meaningfully offset dirtier types of energy, supporters say."Nuclear is the only short-to medium-term way to really get away from fossil fuels," said Peter Raven. President emeritus of the Missouri Botanical Garden. He said the damage done by relentless global warming will far exceed the damage done by faults in the nuclear system.Kill the Keystone pipeline.[D] The controversial Keystone XL oil pipeline is up for review again by the White House this year. "The font thing he should do to set the tone to a lowercarbon economy is to reject the Keystone pipeline, “said Raymond Pierrehum Bert, a geophysical scientist at the University of Chicago. The pipeline was never going to be a major driver of global emissions, but Pierre humbert and some other environmentalists say that by killing it the President would send a clear message about America's intent to ramp down fossil fuels.Protect the oceans by executive order.[E] Land use is complicated, but large swaths of oceans can be protected by executive order. Just as President George W. Bush designated the world's largest marine monument northwest of Hawaii in 2006. Obama could single-handedly protect other areas. National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence Sylvia Earle said the President should focus on parts of the Arctic that are under U. S. control, putting them off limits to energy production, commercial fishing, and mineral exploration. Marine sanctuaries (禁捕区) won't stop climate change, but they can give marine species a better chance of adapting to it by reducing the other man-made threats the animals face.Experiment with capturing carbon.[F] Huge untapped reserves of natural gas and oil make it unlikely that the U. S. will transition away from fossil fuels in the immediate future. Instead, said Wallace Broecker, geology professor at Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, we should attack the atmosphere's carbon surplus directly. "Obama could make available funds to build and test prototype air capture units" to capture and store CO2, said Broecker. Removing some carbon from the atmosphere could buy valuable time as policy makers and scientists explore more permanent solutions.Grow government research for new energy sources.[G] The Department of Energy has a nimble program that's tasked with innovative energy research—the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy. The ARPA-E funds research in biofuels, transmission,and battery storage, with an annual budget of $ 275 million. Last year, DOE officials requested at least $ 75 million more. Increasing funding for ARPA-E, said Rare Pomerance, former deputy assistant secretary of state for environment and development and currently an environmental consultant, "you get new technologies that undercut coal, oil, and gas. " Plus, he said, yon get a competitive advantage if American researchersuncover the next big idea in new energy.Tax carbon.[H] Congress would have to agree, but many climate experts say that the most meaningful way to tackle emissions is to set a price on carbon. "We should be asking people to pay the cost of putting carbon into the atmosphere as they buy the fuel," said Josh Willis, climate scientist and oceanographer at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. To gain political support for the idea, Obama would probably have to show that the tax wonld help accelerate technology, grow new industries, and pay down the deficit.Dial back the federal government's energy use.[I] With more than I. 8 million employees, $ 500 billion in annual purchasing power, and 500,000 buildings to operate, the federal government has been a leader in reducing energy use since Obama signed a 2009 executive order to cut waste. "I would urge him to keep using the power of government to promote energy conservation," said Syndonia Bret-Harte, an Arctic biologist who studies climate change at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks.Build a scientific clearinghouse for climate information.[J] "I advocate for building a better information system on what is happening and why," said Kevin Tren berth, head of the Climate Analysis Section at the U. S. National Center for Atmospheric Research. That involves compiling observations related to climate change from around the world and using the data to refine climate modeling. Think of it as a one-stop, user-friendly website that clearly demonstrates how weather data from around the globe are influenced by broader shifts in the planet's climate.Keep talking. Despite a consensus among top scientists, the world still needs some convincing on climate change.[K] A CNN poll last week found that just 49 percent of Americans agree that global warming is real and is due to human activities. "The most important thing the President can do is to build on his inaugural comments to heighten the sense of urgency about rapid climate destabilization and clarify its connection to virtually every other issue on the national agenda," said David Orr, environmental studies professor at Oberlin College. That means using the bully clergymen to show how a more volatile climate affects everything from agriculture totransportation to 21st-century warfare.46. The urge to promulgate carbon regulations is aimed at pushing power plants to replace coal by natural gas.47. Marine sanctuaries should be preserved because they help sea species adapt to climate alteration.48. The government should take the responsibility to raise Americans' awareness about climate change.49. Many climate experts believe that the most effective way to lower emission is to tax on carbon.50. Nuclear supporters argue that nuclear system failures are less challenging than global warming.51. Recent extreme weather made President Obama feel it is urgent to address climate change.52. Keystone pipeline should be rejected because it is a signal to reduce fossil fuels.53. Since Obama signed a 2009 executive order to cut waste, the federal government has taken the lead in saving energy.54. Lower carbon emission will be most likely to happen if research in new energy resources succeeds.55. Compared with turning to new energy, America prefers carbon capture and store as a temporary measure.2020年6月大学英语六级长篇阅读练习题（2）How to Make Attractive and Effective PowerPoint PresentationsA) Microsoft PowerPoint has dramatically changed the way in which academic and business presentations are made. This article outlines few tips on making more effective and attractive PowerPoint presentations.The TextB) Keep the wording clear and simple. Use active, visual language. Cut unnecessary words—a good rule of thumb is to cut paragraphs down to sentences, sentences into phrases, and phrases into key words.Limit the number of words and lines per slide. Try the Rule of Five-five words per line, five lines per slide. If too much text appears on one slide, use the AutoFit feature to split it between two slides. Click within the placeholder to display the AutoFit Options button (its symbol is two horizontal lines with arrows above and below), then click on the button and choose Split Text between Two Slides from the submenu.C) Font size for titles should be at least 36 to 40, while the text body should not be smaller than e only two font styles per slide—one for the title and the other for the text. Choose two fonts that visually contrast with each other. Garamond Medium Condensed and Impact are good for titles, while Garamond or Tempus Sans can be used for the text body.D) Embed the fonts in your presentation, if you are not sure whether the fonts used in the presentation are present in the computer that will be used for the presentation. To embed the fonts: (1) On the File menu, click Save As. (2) On the toolbar, click Tools, click Save Options, select the Embed TrueType Fonts check box, and then select Embed characters in use only.E) Use colors sparingly; two to three at most. You may use one color for all the titles and another for the text body. Be consistent from slide to slide. Choose a font color that contrasts well with the background.F) Capitalizing the first letter of each word is good for the title of slides and suggests a more formal situation than having just the first letter of the first word capitalized. In bullet point lines, capitalize the first word and no other words unless they normally appear capped. Upper and lower case lettering is more readable than all capital letters. Moreover, current styles indicate that using allcapital letters means you are shouting. If you have text that is in the wrong case, select the text, and then click Shift+F3 until it changes to the case style that you like. Clicking Shift+F3 toggles the text case between ALL CAPS, lower case, and Initial Capital styles.G) Use bold or italic typeface for emphasis. Avoid underlining, it clutters up the presentation.Don’t center bulleted lists or text. It is confusing to read. Left align unless you have a good reason not to. Run “spell check” on your show when finished.The BackgroundH) Keep the background consistent. Simple, light textured backgrounds work well. Complicated textures make the content hard to read. If you are planning to use many clips in your slides, select a white background. If the venue of your presentation is not adequately light-proof, select a dark-colored background and use any light color for text. Minimize the use of “bells and whistles” such as sound effects, “flying words” and multiple transitions. Don’t use red in any fonts or backgrounds. It is an emotionally overwhelming color that is difficult to see and read.The ClipsI) Animations are best used subtly; too much flash and motion can distract and annoy viewers. Do not rely too heavily on those images that were originally loaded on your computer with the rest of Office. You can easily find appropriate clips on any topic through Google Images. While searching for images, do not use long search phrases as is usually done while searching the web-use specific words.J) When importing pictures, make sure that they are smaller than two megabytes and are in a .jpg format. Larger files can slow down your show. Keep graphs, charts and diagrams simple, if possible. Use bar graphs and pie charts instead of tables of data. The audience can then immediately pick up the relationships.The PresentationK) If you want your presentation to directly open in the slide show view, save it as a slide show file using the following steps. Open the presentation you want to save as a slide show. On the File menu, click Save As. In the Save astype list, click PowerPoint Show. Your slide show file will be saved with a ppt file extension. When you double-click on this file, it will automatically start your presentation in slide show view. When you’re done, PowerPoint automatically closes and you return to the desktop. If you want to edit the slide show file, you can always open it from PowerPoint by clicking Open on the File menu.L) Look at the audience, not at the slides, whenever possible. If using a laser pointer, don’t move it too fast. For examp le, if circling a number on the slide, do it slowly. Never point the laser at the audience. Black out the screen (use “B” on the keyboard) after the point has been made, to put the focus on you. Press the key again to continue your presentation.M) You can use the shortcut command [Ctrl]P to access the Pen tool during a slide show. Click with your mouse and drag to use the Pen tool to draw during your slide show. To erase everything you’ve drawn, press the E key. To turn off the Pen tool, press [Esc] once.MiscellaneousN) Master Slide Set-Up: The “master slide” will allow you to make changes that are reflected on every slide in your presentation. You can change fonts, colors, backgrounds, headers, and footers at the “master slide” level. First, go to the “View” menu. Pull down the “Master” menu. Select the “slide master” menu. You may now make changes at this level that meet your presentation needs.1. The ways in which academic and business presentations are made have been changed by Microsoft PowerPoint.2. When making the PowerPoint, the wording of the text should not be complicated.3. In each slide, the font styles for the title and the text should contrast with each other.4. A more formal situation is capitalizing the first letter of the first word.5. Centering bulleted lists or text can not help to read.6. Sound effects should be used as less frequently as possible.7. When importing pictures, make sure that they are smaller than two megabytes.8. When making the presentation, you should look at the audience as possible as you can.9. Pressing the E key can help you to erase everything you've drawn.10. In order to meet your presentation needs, you can make changes at the “slide master”level.2020年6月大学英语六级长篇阅读练习题（3）Paper--More than Meets the EyeA) We are surrounded by so much paper and card that it is easy to forget just how complex it is. There are many varieties and grades of paper materials, and whilst it is fairly easy to spot the varieties, it is far more difficult to spot the grades.B) It needs to be understood that most paper and card is manufactured for a specific purpose, so that whilst the corn-flake packet may look smart, it is clearly not something destined for the archives. It is made to look good, but only needs a limited life span. It is also much cheaper to manufacture than high grade card.C) Paper can be made from an almost endless variety of cellulose-based material which will include many woods, cottons and grasses or which papyrus is an example and from where we get the word "paper". Many of these are very specialized, but the preponderance of paper making has been from soft wood and cotton or rags, with the bulk being wood-based.Paper from WoodD) In order to make wood into paper it needs to be broken down into fine strands. Firstly by powerful machinery and then boiled with strong alkalies such as caustic soda, until a fine pulp of cellulose fibers is produced. It is from this pulp that the final product is made, relying on the bonding together of the cellulose into layers. That, in a very small nutshell, is the essence of paper making from wood. However, the reality is rather more complicated. In order to give us our white paper and card, the makers will add bleach and other materials such as china clay and additional chemicals.E) A further problem with wood is that it contains a material that is not cellulose. Something called lignin. This is essential for the tree since it holds the cellulose fibres together, but if it is incorporated into the manufactured paper it presents archivists with a problem. Lignin eventually breaks down and releases acid products into the paper. This will weaken the bond between the cellulose fibers and the paper will become brittle and look rather brown and careworn. We have all seen this in old newspapers and cheap paperback books. It has been estimated that most paper back books will have a life of not greaterthan fifty years. Not what we need for our archives.F) Since the lignin can be removed from the paper pulp during manufacture, the obvious question is "why is it left in the paper?" The answer lies in the fact that lignin makes up a considerable part of the tree. By leaving the lignin in the pulp a papermaker can increase his paper yield from a tree to some 95%. Removing it means a yield of only 35%. It is clearly uneconomic to remove the lignin for many paper and card applications.G) It also means, of course, that lignin-free paper is going to be more expensive, but that is nevertheless what the archivist must look for in his supplies. There is no point whatsoever in carefully placing our valuable artifacts in paper or card that is going to hasten their demise. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials, causing them to fade and is some cases simply vanish!H) So, how do we tell a piece of suitable paper or card from one that is unsuitable? You cannot do it by simply looking, and rather disappointingly, you cannot always rely on the label. "Acid-free" might be true inasmuch as a test on the paper may indicate that it is a neutral material at this time. But lignin can take years before it starts the inevitable process of breaking down, and in the right conditions it will speed up enormously.I) Added to this, as I have indicated earlier, paper may also contain other materials added during manufacture such as bleach, china clay, chemical whiteners and size. This looks like a bleak picture, and it would be but for the fact that there are suppliers who will guarantee the material that they sell. If you want to be absolutely sure that you are storing in, or printing on, the correct material then this is probably the only way.J) Incidentally, acids can migrate from material to material. Lining old shoe boxes with good quality acid-free paper will do little to guard the contents. The acid will get there in the end.Paper from RagK) Paper is also commonly made from cotton and rag waste. This has the advantage of being lignin-free, but because there is much less cotton and rag than trees, it also tends to be much more expensive than wood pulp paper. You will still need to purchase from a reliable source though, since even rag paperand card can contain undesirable additives.L) A reliable source for quality rag papers is a recognized art stockiest. Many water color artists insist on using only fine quality rag paper and board.M) The main lesson to learn from this information is that you cannot rely on purchasing archival materials from the high street. The only safe solution is to purchase from specialist suppliers. It may cost rather more, but in the end you will know that your important and valuable data and images have the best home possible.1. The corn-flake packet is cheaper than high grade card.2. There are a lot of materials which can be used for making paper, but the superiority ones are soft wood, cotton and rags.3. During the whole manufacturing process, the final product is made froma pulp of cellulose fibres.4. In order to make white paper and card, the makers will add bleach.5. Liguin is essential for the tree but it will make paper easy to break.6. Many paper producers will preserve lignin during manufacture, because leaving the lignin will make more paper from a tree.7. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials.8. If the lignin is removed from the paper, the paper will be more expensive.9. Although free of lignin, paper made from cotton and rag waste can also cost more money than wood pulp paper because there is much less cotton and rag than trees.10. What we can learn from "Paper from Rag" is that you had better buy archival materials from specialist suppliers.2020年6月大学英语六级长篇阅读练习题（4）Definitions of ObesityA: How does one define when a person is considered to be obese and not just somewhat overweight? Height-weight tables give an approximate guideline as to whether one is simply overweight or has passed into the obese stage.B: The World Health Organization recommends using a formula that takes into account a person's height and weight. The "Body Mass Index" (BMI) is calculated by dividing the person's weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters, and is thus given in units of kg/m2. A BMI of 18.5-24.9 is considered to be the healthiest. A BMI of between 25 and 29.9 is considered to be overweight, while a BMI of over 30 is considered to be obese.C: However, it is recognized that this definition is limited as it does not take into account such variables as age, gender and ethnic origin, the latter being important as different ethnic groups have very different fat distributions. Another shortcoming is that it is not applicable to certain very muscular people such as athletes and bodybuilders, who can also have artificially high BMIs. Agencies such as the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) in the USA and the International Diabetes Foundation (IDF) are starting to define obesity in adults simply in terms of waist circumference.Health Effects of ObesityD: Over 2000 years ago, the Greek physician Hippocrates wrote that "persons who are naturally very fat are apt to die earlier than those who are slender". This observation remains very true today. Obesity has a major impact on a person's physical, social and emotional well-being. It increases the risk of developing diabetes mellitus type 2 ("mature onset diabetes") and also makes Type 2 diabetes more difficult to control. Thus weight loss improves the levels of blood glucose and blood fats, and reduces blood pressure. The association between obesity and coronary heart disease is also well-known.CancerE: Furthermore, in 2001 medical researchers established a link between being overweight and certain forms of cancer, and estimated that nearly 10,000 Britons per year develop cancer as a result of being overweight. This figure was made up of 5,893 women and 3,220 men, with the strongest associations beingwith breast and colon cancers. However, it is thought that being overweight may also increase the risk of cancer in the reproductive organs for women and in the prostate gland for men.F: The link between breast cancer and nutritional status is thought to be due to the steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone, which are produced by the ovaries, and govern a woman's menstrual cycle. Researchers have found that the more a woman eats, or the more sedentary her lifestyle, the higher are the concentrations of progesterone. This link could explain why women from less affluent countries have lower rates of breast cancer. Women from less affluent nations tend to eat less food and to lead lifestyles which involve more daily movement. This lowers their progesterone level, resulting in lower predisposition to breast cancer.G: The Times newspaper, in 2002 reported that obesity was the main avoidable cause of cancer among non-smokers in the Western world!AgingH: Research published by St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK in 2005 showed a correlation between body fat and aging, to the extent that being obese added 8.8 years to a woman's biological age. The effect was exacerbated by smoking, and a non-overweight woman who smokes 20 cigarettes a day for 20 years added 7.4 years to their biological age. The combination of being obese and a smoker added at least ten years to a woman’s biological age, and although the study only involved women, the lead researcher Professor Tim Spector believes the finding would also apply to men.I: The aging effect was determined by measuring the length of telomeres, tiny "caps" on the ends of chromosomes, which help protect the DNA from the ageing process. Indeed, telomeres have been dubbed the "chromosomal clock" because, as an organism ages, they become progressively shorter, and can be used to determine the age of the organism. Beyond a certain point, the telomere becomes so short that it is no longer able to prevent the DNA of the chromosome from falling apart. It is believed that excess body fat, and the chemicals present in tobacco smoke release free radicals which trigger inflammation. Inflammation causes the production of white blood cells which increases the rate of erosion of telomeres.DementiaJ: Recent research (2005) conducted in the USA shows that obesity in middle age is linked to an increased risk of dementia, with obese people in their40s being 74% more likely to develop dementia compared to those of normal weight. For those who are merely overweight, the lifetime risk of dementia risk was 35% higher.K: Scientists from the Aging Research Centre at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden have been able to take information such as age, number of years in education, gender, body mass index, blood pressure level, physical activity and genetic factors, assigning each a risk score. They then used this information to devise a predictive test for dementia. This test will enable people at risk, for the first time, to be able to affect lifestyle changes which will reduce their risk ofcontracting dementia.Other ProblemsL: The world-wide upsurge in obesity, particularly in children, is of major economic concern, liable to drain economies. Of further concern is that research conducted in Australia and published in 2006, shows that up to one third of breech pregnancies were undetected by the traditional "palpation" examination, the danger being greatest for those women who are overweight or obese—a growing proportion of mothers. This means that such women are not getting the treatment required to turn the baby around in time for the birth, and in many cases require an emergency Caesarean section.M: This is a true health-care crisis, far bigger than Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and ultimately, even bigger than AIDS.1. You can judge whether one is simply overweight or has passed into the obese stage according to the height-weight table.2. Using the "Body Mass Index"to define a person's weight ideal is limited, because it does not takes into account many variables such as age, gender and ethnic origin.3. A person's emotional well-being would be affected by obesity.4. Obesity has something to do with cancer in the prostate gland for man.5. Women from less affluent nations tend to have much less breast cancer.6. A non-overweight woman who smokes 20 cigarettes a day for 20 years added7.4 years to her biological age.7. The excess body fat, like the chemicals present in tobacco smoke, can lead to inflammation.8. Obese people in middle age run an increased risk of dementia .9. The predictive test for dementia will help people to affect lifestyle changes that will reduce their risk of contracting dementia.10. The world-wide upsurge in obesity, particularly in children, will possibly drain economies.。

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【篇⼀】2021年12⽉⼤学英语六级阅读练习 the last dinner jesus spent his last few hours of liberty quietly in the suburb of bethany. it was the day of passover. the jews observed this feast by eating roast lamb and unleavened bread. 2 jesus asked his disciples to go to town and reserve a room in one of the smaller inns and order a dinner that they might all be together. when evening came, judas, looking bland3 and innocent, left the house together with the others. they went down the mount of olives and entered the city and found that everything was ready. they took their seats around one long table and began to eat. but it was not a cheerful meal. they felt the dread of those coming events which already were casting their terrible shadow over the small group of faithful friends. jesus spoke very little. the others sat in gloomy silence. at last peter could stand it no longer, and he blurted4 out what was in everybody’s mind . “master, ”he said,“we want to know. do you have reason to suspect one of us?” softly jesus answered, “ yes. one among you who is now sitting at this table will bring disaster upon us all. ” then all the disciples got up and crowded around him. they protested their innocence. at that moment judas slipped quietly out of the room. they now all knew what was to come. they could no longer remain in that little room. they needed fresh air, and they left the inn and walked out of the gate and went back to the mount of olives and opened the wicket to a garden which a friend had told them to use whenever they wished to be alone . it was called gethsemane5 , after an old oil-press which stood in a corner. after a while jesus walked away from the little group. but three of the disciples who were closest to him, followed at a distance. he turned around and bade them wait and watch while he prayed. the time had come for a final decision. escape was still possible , but escape would mean a silent confession of guilt and defeat for his ideas. he was alone among the silent trees and fought his last great battle . he was a man in the fullness of his years. life still held a great promise. death, once his enemies captured him, would come in a most terrible form. he made his choice . he stayed. he went back to his friends. and behold! they were fast asleep . a moment later, the whole garden was in an uproar. led by judas, the guards of the sanhedrin rushed upon the prophet. judas was at their head. he threw his arms around his master and kissed him. 6 that was the sign for which the soldiers had waited. at that moment, peter realized what was happening. 阅读⾃测 Ⅰ. welcome to the eden of animals . according to chinese , choose the correct english word: ( bee, rabbit, butterfly, lark, lion, mouse, donkey) 1. tom always has a lot of things to do. every time you see him, he is as busy as a ________( 忙得团团转) . 2. although it was an easy problem, i still made a mistake . it really made feel that i was as stupid as a ________( 蠢如驴) . 3. cathy is dressed very well and looks as beautiful as a ________( 像蝴蝶⼀样漂亮) . 4. the villagers beat the enemy and lived as merry as a ________( ⾮常快活) . 5. tom and jerry are twins, but they are quite different. tom is as timid as a ( 胆⼩如⿏) while jerry as bold as a________ (莽如雄狮) . 6. after the company went into bankruptcy ________( 宣告破产) , he was as poor as a church ________( ⼀贫如洗) . Ⅱ. can you crack the riddle ? have you heard of sphinx ( 斯芬克司) of greek mythology? sphinx was a monster with the head and breast of a woman, the body of a lion, the wings of a bird, a serpent’s tail and lion’s paws. it had a human voice and usually asked passers-by to guess her riddle. if the man was unable to find the answer, she would eat them. if he could, she would kill herself. the riddle is this: what goes on four feet, on two feet, and three, but the more feet it goes on, the weaker it be ? do you get the answer? explain yourself. 参考答案 Ⅰ. 1. bee 2. donkey 3. butterfly 4 . lark 5 . rabbit / lion 6 . mouse Ⅱ. it is a man. as an infant, the man crawls upon all fours. when in manhood, he goes erect on two feet and when in old age , he supports his tottering legs with a stick.【篇⼆】2021年12⽉⼤学英语六级阅读练习 the apple of discord the wedding of peleus and the sea-goddess thetis2 were held and all gods were invited. but her absence3 of one goddess was clearly noticeable. it was eris, the goddess of discord. as she planted seeds of discord wherever she went, it was natural that her presence at the ceremony was not desirable. she had good reason to feel angry. so she decided to make fun of4 the group at the party. eris slipped5 into the hall after the couple left and rolled on the floor a golden apple , having the words, “for the fairest”. it caused a violent quarrel among the three goddesses, hera , athena and aphrodite. zeus found it advisable to send them before a shepherd boy on mt ida, paris by name , for judgment. hermes, the messenger, took the apple in his hand and led the goddess away. paris was son of priam, king of troy. as his mother dreamed at his birth that she was bearing a piece of burning wood, the babe was regarded as representing the destruction of the city itself. to save the kingdom from possible disaster6 , the parents had the helpless infant left on top of mt ida to die. however, he survived his ill fate. brought up by the herdsmen, he became a strong, handsome lad. he was secretly united with oenone, a fair and faithful mountain fairy maiden. on this particular day, as he was taking care of his sheep on the mountain side, the youth was surprised to see four human beings standing before him. hermes told him about his mission and left. the three holy beauties then competed with each other, showing themselves up before the shepherd. hera promised to make him king of asia. athena undertook7 to help him get imperishable fame in war; whereas aphrodite offered to secure for him the love of the most beautiful woman in the world. the primitive instinct of the boy thus moved, aphrodite won the prize , and the other two goddesses left in anger and became deadly enemies of troy. 阅读⾃测 Ⅰ. fill in the blanks with proper words in the passage : 1. but the absence________ one goddess was clearly noticeable. 2. it was natural that eris, the goddess of discord, her presence________ the ceremony was not desirable. 3. he decided to make fun________ the group at the party. 4. eris slipped________ the hall after the new couple left. 5. as his mother dreamed ________ his birth that she was bearing a piece of burning wood, the babe was regarded representing ________ the destruction of the city itself. Ⅱ. questions : 1. who rolled the golden apple on the floor? 2. who were the three goddesses to compete to win the apple ? 3. who at last won the title of“ the fairest”and what was the disaster? 参考答案 Ⅰ. 1. of 2. at 3. of 4. into 5 . at / as Ⅱ. 1. eris rolled the golden apple on the floor. 2. the three goddesses were hera, athena , aphrodite. 3. aphrodite at last won the title of“ the fairest”, but it made the other two goddesses become the deadly enemies of troy.【篇三】2021年12⽉⼤学英语六级阅读练习 christianity christianity began life as a jewish sect. far from attempting to find a new religion, the first christians viewed themselves as jews following the teachings of the jewish messiah . it was only later, after many non-jews converted, that christianity became a religion distinct from judaism2 although christianity shares much with judaism, these two faiths differ significantly with respect to such fundamental issues as god’s relationship with humanity. the central motif through which this relationship has been understood in both traditions is that of a covenant or contract. in hebrew scr iptures ( the old testament3) , god offers a special relationship with his chosen people — the jews through a contract that specifies the terms of this relationship . the details of this arrangement have been modified and expanded from time to time, in a series of covenants with noah, abraham, and moses4. the most well known of these contracts is god’s agreement with moses on mt. sinai, the ten commandments5. in the christian understanding of covenant theology, god offers humanity a new contract — the new testament6— as revealed in the person and teaching of jesus. unlike previous covenants, the new covenant refers to the eternal fate of individuals rather than to the worldly fate of the nation of i s r a e l . a l s o , r a t h e r t h a n b e i n g o f f e r e d o n l y t o j e w s , t h e n e w c o n t r a c t i s o f f e r e d t o h u m a n i t y a s a w h o l e . i n d i v i d u a l s a l v a t i o n 7 a n d t h e q u e s t i o n o f h o w t h a t s a l v a t i o n c a n b e a c h i e v e d i s a d o m i n a n t t h e m e o f t r a d i t i o n a l c h r i s t i a n i t y . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 4 " > 0 0 s a l v a t i o n , a c c o r d i n g t o t h i s t r a d i t i o n , i s n e c e s s a r y b e c a u s e o t h e r w i s e t h e i n d i v i d u a l i s c o n d e m n e d t o s p e n d e t e r n i t y i n h e l l 8 , a p l a c e o f e t e r n a l p u n i s h m e n t . b o r n i n t o s i n , t h e s e n t e n c e o f e t e r n a l d a m n a t i o n i s t h e f a t e o f e v e r y p e r s o n u n l e s s s h e o r h e i s sa v e d f r o m t h i s f a t eb y b e i n g b o r n a g a i n t h r o u g h f a i t h i n j e s u sc h r i s t . a l l o t h e rd o c t r i ne s a r eb u i l t a r o u n d a w a r n i n g o fc o nde m n a t i o n a n d a r e d e e m i n g m e s s a g e of r e d e m p t i o n . a s t h e c o r e d o c t r i n e , i t w o u l d b e n a t u r a l t h a t a rg u m e n t s o v e r s o t e r i o l o g y ( o n e s th e o r y o f r e d e m p ti o n ) w o u l d l e a d t o r e l i g i o n s s c h i s m s . d i s a g r e e m e n t o v e r c o m p e t i n g n o t i o n s o f s a l v a t i o n l e d t o t h e s p l i t b e t w e e n c a t h o l i c i s m a n d p r o t e s t a n t i s m . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 5 " > 0 0 g i v e n t h e s t a r k c o n t r a s t b e t w e e n h e a v e n a n d h e l l a s e t e r n a l a b o d e s o f t h e s o u l , s e r i o u s t h i n k e r s h a v e h a d t o g r a p p l e w i t h t h e q u e s t i o n w h a t h a p p e n s t o p e o p l e w h o , w h i l e n o t s a i n t s , n e v e r t h e l e s s a r e g e n e r a l l y g o o d p e o p l e w h o h a v e n e v e r c o m m i t t e d a n y m aj o r s i n s i n t h e i r l i v e s ? r e f l e c t i o n o n t h i s p r o b l e m l e d t o t h e d e v e l o p m e n t o f p u r g a t o r y 9 , a n i n t e r m e d i a t e r e a l m b e t w e e n h e a v e n a n d h e l l . i n p u r g a t o r y , s o u l s a r e t o r t u r e d f o r t h e i r s i n s , b u t a r e e v e n t u a l l y r e l e a s e d a n d a l l o w e d t o e n t e r h e a v e n . / p >。

六级英语阅读专项练习附答案解析英语阅读在英语六级考试中占有相当大的比重，因而加强英语阅读的训练尤为重要。

下面我为大家带来，欢迎考生阅读练习。

六级英语阅读专项练习原文Office workers who would normally step into a pub or gym to cope with the stress of a workingday are being invited instead to sit in front of a painting.Manchester Art Gallery has recruited two of the country's leading experts in stressmanagement to choose pictures that are guaranteed to leave even the most frantic feeling atease wich the world.They have created the "tranquility tour" which allowscity-centre workersto spend their lunch hour taking a soothing tourof what are described as "some of the mostrelaxing and inspiring paintings ever committed to canvas”. The free tour takes the visitorthrough several centuries of painting, from the Victorian aesthetic movement.through thePreRaphaelite school, to modern abstract an.Kim Gowland, a gallery executive. said: "Looking at art is a stress-relieving activity. What weare tryingto do is encourage people who work in the city to spend half an hour of theirlunchbreak in the gallery. to chill out rather than rush around the shops."The five works chosen by Andrew Loukes. the gallery's manager, are: John Roddam SpencerStanhope’s The Waters of Lethe 1880, Turner's Thomson’s Aeolian Harp 1809, Sir JohnEverett Millais’s Autumn Leaves 1856, James Durden’s Summer in Cumberland 1925 andBridget Riley’s Zephyr 1976.Mr. Loukes said: "We chose five pictures that suggest restfulness. We also wamed to displaythe breadth of the collection. We arc particularly strong in early-19th andearly-20th-centuryBritish art."Their therapeutic powers have been endorsed by Olga Gregson and Terry Looker from theDepartment of Biological Sciences at Manchester Metropolitan University. Dr. Gregson said that"research shows that stress levels have reduced and moods changed for the better” whensubjects looked at paintings."Although art appreciation is very much a matter of personal choice, it is true that some worksof art appeal to almost everyone, and that some paintings have qualities that caninducerelaxation in most people."Dr. Gregson said. "Great painters such as Leonardo da Vinci weremasters of techniques that could evoke particular responses in the viewer."Dr. Gregson said the gallery represented an "oasis of calm". "You have got this wonderfulopportunity to evoke a different kind of psychophysiological response."六级英语阅读专项练习题目1. What is done by the Manchester Art Gallery is intendedto____________.A find out the relation between paintings and stress-easingB promote its magnificent collection of British artC reduce working people's stress levels by art appreciationD provide an alternative of pastime for consumers2. The tour is named “tranquility tour" because__________.A it is expected to play a soothing roleB it displays paintings through centuriesC it comprises paintings of various stylesD it only takes a half hour around lunch time3. What does Kim Gowland points out about city-center workers?A They are pressed by family burden as well as their careers.B They like going shopping during their short lunchbreak.C They shouldn't rush around the gallery while looking at art.D Looking at art is much better than going to pubs or gyms.4. According io the author, the painting's impact on relieving stress is__________.A based on personal experiencesB vaned from people to peopleC in need of further studyD scientifically proven5. It is indicated by Dr. Gregson that da Vinci's paintings can____________.A suggest restfulnessB arouse diverse feelingsC capture almost everyoneD ease stress in most people六级英语阅读专项练习答案1. 曼彻斯特美术馆所做的事情是旨在___________________.A 找到画作和舒缓压力之间的关系B 推广其重要的英国艺术藏品C 通过艺术欣赏来帮人们减压D为顾客提供另一种消遣的选择[C]原文第2段说明曼彻斯特美术馆雇用两位压力管理专家并且展览画作都是为了使人缓解压力，因此选项C为美术馆的目的。

英语六级仔细阅读练习及答案Homing pigeons are placed in a trainingprogram from about the time they are twenty-eight days of age. They are taughtto enter the cage through a trap and to exercise above and around theloft(鸽棚) , andgradually they are taken away for short distances in willow baskets andreleased. They are then expected to find their way home in the shortestpossible time.In their training flights or in actualraces, the birds are taken to prearranged distant points and released to findtheir way back to their own lofts. Once the birds are liberated, their owners,who are standing by at the home lofts, anxiously watch the sky for the returnof their entries. Since time is of the essence, the speed with which the birdscan be induced to enter the loft trap may make the difference between gaining awin or a second place.The head of a homing pigeon iscomparatively small, but its brain is one quarter larger than that of theordinary pigeon. The homing pigeon is very intelligent and will persevere tothe point of stubbornness; some have been known to fly a hundred miles offcourse to avoid a storm.Some homing pigeon experts claim thatthis bird is gifted with a form of built-in radar that helps it find its ownloft after hours of flight, for hidden under the head feathers are two verysensitive ears, while the sharp, prominent eyes can see great distances indaytime.Why do homing pigeons fly home? They arenot unique in this inherent skill; it is found in most migratory birds, inbees, ants, toads, and even turtles, which have been known to travel hundredsof miles to return to their homes. But in the animal world, the homing pigeonalone can be trusted with its freedom and trained to carry out the missionsthat people demand.1. This passage is mainly about_______.A. homing pigeons and their trainingB. how to buy a homing pigeonC. protection of homing pigeons againstthe threat of extinctionD. liberation of homing pigeons2. According to the passage, whathappens to homing pigeons when they are about a month old?A. They are kept in a trap.B. They enter their first race.C. They begin a training program.D. They get their wings clipped andmarked.3. According to the passage, thedifference between a homing pigeon and an ordinary oneis_______.A. the span of the wingsB. the shape ofthe eyesC. the texture of the feathersD. thesize of the brain4. The author mentions all of thefollowing attributes that enable a homing pigeon toreturn home EXCEPT_______.A. instinctB. air sacsC. sensitive earsD. good eyes5. Why does the author mention bees,ants, toads, and turtles in the last paragraph?A. To describe some unusual kinds ofpets.B. To measure distances traveled byvarious animals.C. To compare their home-findingabilities with those of homing pigeons.D. To interest the reader in learningabout other animals.答案：ACDBCAre some people born clever, and othersborn stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and ourexperiences? Strangely enough, the answer to both these questions is yes. Tosome extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of specialeducation can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On theother hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop hisintelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus thelimits of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not hereaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held bymost experts, can be supported in a number of ways.It is easy to show that intelligence isto some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationshipbetween two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus ifwe take two unrelated people at random(任意的) from the population,it is likely thattheir degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the otherhand we take two identical (完全相同的) twins they will very likely be asintelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents andchildren, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligencedepends on birth.Imagine now that we take two identicaltwins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example,to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We wouldsoon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates thatenvironment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested bythe fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are notrelated at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.26. Which of these sentences bestdescribes the writer's point in Paragraph 1?A. To some extent, intelligence is givenat birth.B. Intelligence is developed by theenvironment.C. Some people are born clever andothers born stupid.D. Intelligence is fixed at birth, butis developed by the environment.27. It is suggested in this passagethat_______.A. unrelated people are not likely tohave different intelligenceB. close relations usually have similarintelligenceC. the closer the blood relationshipbetween people, the more different they are likely to be in intelligenceD. people who live in close contact witheach other are not likely to have similar degrees of intelligence28. Brothers and sisters are likely to_______.A. have similar intelligenceB. havedifferent intelligenceC. go to the same universityD. go tothe same factory29. In Paragraph 1, the word"surroundings" means_______.A. intelligenceB. lifeC. environmentsD. housing30. The best title for this articlewould be_______.A. On IntelligenceB. What Intelligence MeansC. We Are Born with IntelligenceD. Environment Plays a Part inDeveloping Intelligence答案：DBACAIn the last 12 years total employment in the United Statesgrew faster than at any time in the peacetime history of any country – from 82to 110 million between 1973 and 1985 – that is, by a full one third. The entiregrowth, however, was in manufacturing, and especially in no – blue-collar jobs…This trend is the same in all developedcountries, and is, indeed, even more pronounced in Japan. It is therefore highlyprobable that in 25 years developed countries such as the United States andJapan will employ no larger a proportion of the labor force I n manufacturingthan developed countries now employ in farming – at most, 10 percent. Today theUnited Statesemploys around 18 million people in blue-collar jobs in manufacturingindustries. By 2010, the number is likely to be no more than 12 million. Insome major industries the drop will be even sharper. It is quite unrealistic,for instance, to expect that the American automobile industry will employ morethan one –third of its present blue-collar force 25 years hence, even thoughproduction might be 50 percent higher.If a company, an industry or a country does notin the next quarter century sharply increase manufacturing production and atthe same time sharply reduce the blue-collar work force, it cannot hope toremain competitive – or even to remain “developed.” The attempt to preservesuch blue –collar jobs is actually a prescription for unemployment…This is not a conclusion that Americanpoliticians, labor leaders or indeed the general public can easily understandor accept. What confuses the issue even more it that the United Statesis experiencing several separate and different shifts in the manufacturingeconomy. One is the acceleration of the substitution of knowledge and capitalfor manual labor. Where we spoke of mechanization a fe w decades ago, we nowspeak of “robotization “ or “automation.” This is actually more a change interminology than a change in reality. When Henry Ford introduced the assemblyline in 1909, he cut the number of man – hours required to produce a motor carby some 80 percent in two or three years –far more than anyone expects toresult from even the most complete robotization. But there is no doubt that weare facing a new, sharp acceleration in the replacement of manual workers bymachines –that is, by the products of knowledge.1.According to the author, the shrinkage in themanufacturing labor forcedemonstrates______.A.the degree to which a country’s production is robotizedB.a reduction in a country’s manufacturing industriesC.a worsening relationship between labor and managementD.the difference between a developed country and a developing country2.According to the author, in coming 25years, a developed country or industry,in order t remain competitive, ought to ______.A.reduce the percentage of the blue-collar work forceB.preserve blue – collar jobs for international competitionC.accelerate motor –can manufacturing in Henry Ford’s styleD.solve the problem of unemployment3.American politicians and labor leaders tend to dislike_____.A.confusion in manufacturing economyB.an increase in blue – collar work forceC.internal competition in manufacturing productionD.a drop in the blue – collar job opportunities4.The word “prescription” in “a prescription for unemployment” may be theequivalent to______A.something recommended as medical treatmentB.a way suggested to overcome some difficultyC.some measures taken in advanceD.a device to dire5.This passage may have been excepted from ________A.a magazine about capital investmentB.an article on automationC.a motor-car magazineD.an article on global economy答案：AADCDWhat does the future hold for the problem ofhousing? A good deal depends, of course, on the meaning of “future”. If one isthinking in terms o f science fiction and the space age, it is at least possibleto assume that man will have solved such trivial and earthly problems ashousing. Writers of science fiction, from H.G. Wells onwards, have had littleto say on the subject. They have conveyed the suggestion that men will live ingreat comfort, with every conceivable apparatus to make life smooth, healthyand easy, if not happy. But they have not said what his house will be made of.Perhaps some new building material, as yet unimagined, will have beendiscovered or invented at least. One may be certain that bricks and mortar(泥灰，灰浆) will long have gone outof fashion.But the problems of the next generation or twocan more readily be imagined. Scientists have already pointed out that unlesssomething is don e either to restrict the world’s rapid growth in population orto discover and develop new sources of food (or both), millions of people willbe dying of starvation or at the best suffering from underfeeding before thiscentury is out. But nobody has yet worked out any plan for housing thesegrowing populations. Admittedly the worst situations will occur in the hottestparts of the world, where housing can be light structure or in backward areaswhere standards are traditionally low. But even the minimum shelter requiresmaterials of some kind and in the teeming, bulging towns the low-standard“housing” of flattened petrol cans and dirty canvas is far more wasteful ofground space than can be tolerated.Since the war, Hong Konghas suffered the kind of crisis which is likely to arise in many other placesduring the next generation. Literally millions of refugees arrived to swell thealready growing population and emergency steps had to be taken rapidly toprevent squalor（肮脏）and disease and the spread crime. The city is tacklingthe situation energetically and enormous blocks of tenements（贫民住宅）are rising at anastonishing aped. But Hong Kong is only onesmall part of what will certainly become a vast problem and not merely ahousing problem, because when population grows at this rate there areaccompanying problems of education, transport, hospital services, drainage,water supply and so on. Not every area may give the same resources as Hong Kong to draw upon and the search for quicker andcheaper methods of construction must never cease.1.What is the author’s opinion of housing problems in the first paragraph?A.They may be completely solved at sometime in the future.B.They are unimportant and easily dealt with.C.They will not be solved until a new building material has been discovered.D.They have been dealt with in specific detail in books describing the future.2.The writer is sure that in the distant future ___.A.bricks and mortar will be replaced by some other building material.B.a new building material will have been invented.C.bricks and mortar will not be used by people who want their house to befashionable.D.a new way of using bricks and mortar will have been discovered.3.The writer believes that the biggest problem likely to confront the worldbefore the end of the century ___.A.is difficult to foresee.B.will be how to feed the ever growing population.C.will be how to provide enough houses in the hottest parts of the world.D.is the question of finding enough ground space.4.When the writer says that the worst situations will occur in the hottestparts of the world or in backward areas, he is referring to the fact that inthese parts ___.A.standards of building are low.B.only minimum shelter will be possible.C.there is not enough ground space.D.the population growth will be the greatest.5.Which of the following sentences best summarizes Paragraph 3?A.Hong Kong has faced a serious crisis caused by millions of refugees.B.Hong Kong has successfully dealt with the emergency caused by millions ofrefugees.C.Hong Kong’s crisis was not only a matter of housing but included a number ofother problems of population growth.D.Many parts of the world may have to face the kind of problems encountered by Hong Kong and may find it much harder to deal with them.答案：AABDDIn the last 12 years total employment in the United Statesgrew faster than at any time in the peacetime history of any country – from 82to 110 million between 1973 and 1985 – that is, by a full one third. The entiregrowth, however, was in manufacturing, and especially in no – blue-collar jobs…This trend is the same in all developedcountries, and is, indeed, even more pronounced in Japan. It is therefore highlyprobable that in 25 years developed countries such as the United States andJapan will employ no larger a proportion of the labor force I n manufacturingthan developed countries now employ in farming – at most, 10 percent. Today theUnited Statesemploys around 18 million people in blue-collar jobs in manufacturingindustries. By 2010, the number is likely to be no more than 12 million. Insome major industries the drop will be even sharper. It is quite unrealistic,for instance, to expect that the American automobile industry will employ morethan one –third of its present blue-collar force 25 years hence, even thoughproduction might be 50 percent higher.If a company, an industry or a country does notin the next quarter century sharply increase manufacturing production and atthe same time sharply reduce the blue-collar work force, it cannot hope toremain competitive –or even to remain “developed.” The attempt to preservesuch blue –collar jobs is actually a prescription for unemployment…This is not a conclusion that Americanpoliticians, labor leaders or indeed the general public can easily understandor accept. What confuses the issue even more it that the United Statesis experiencing several separate and different shifts in the manufacturingeconomy. One is the acceleration of the substitution of knowledge and capitalfor manual labor. Where we spoke of mechanization a few decades ago, we nowspeak of “robotization “ or “automation.” This is actually more a change interminology than a change in reality. When Henry Ford introduced the assemblyline in 1909, he cut the number of man – hours required to produce a motor carby some 80 percent in two or three years –far more than anyone expects toresult from even the most complete robotization. But there is no doubt that weare facing a new, sharp acceleration in the replacement of manual workers bymachines –that is, by the products of knowledge.1.According to the author, the shrinkage in themanufacturing labor forcedemonstrates______.A.the degree to which a country’s production is robotizedB.a reduction in a country’s manufacturing industriesC.a worsening relationship between labor and managementD.the difference between a developed country and a developing country2.According to the author, in coming 25years, a developed country or industry,in order t remain competitive, ought to ______.A.reduce the percentage of the blue-collar work forceB.preserve blue – collar jobs for international competitionC.accelerate motor –can manufacturing in Henry Ford’s styleD.solve the problem of unemployment3.American politicians and labor leaders tend to dislike_____.A.confusion in manufacturing economyB.an increase in blue – collar work forceC.internal competition in manufacturing productionD.a drop in the blue – collar job opportunities4.The word “prescription” in “a prescription for unemployment” may be theequivalent to______A.something recommended as medical treatmentB.a way suggested to overcome some difficultyC.some measures taken in advanceD.a device to dire5.This passage may have been excepted from ________A.a magazine about capital investmentB.an article on automationC.a motor-car magazineD.an article on global economy答案：AADCDWhat does the future hold for the problem ofhousing? A good deal depends, of course, on the meaning of “future”. If one isthinking in terms of science fiction and the space age, it is at least possibleto assume that man will have solved such trivial and earthly problems ashousing. Writers of science fiction, from H.G. Wells onwards, have had littleto say on the subject. They haveconveyed the suggestion that men will live ingreat comfort, with every conceivable apparatus to make life smooth, healthyand easy, if not happy. But they have not said what his house will be made of.Perhaps some new building material, as yet unimagined, will have beendiscovered or invented at least. One may be certain that bricks and mortar(泥灰，灰浆) will long have gone outof fashion.But the problems of the next generation or twocan more readily be imagined. Scientists have already pointed out that unlesssomething is done either to restrict the world’s rapid growth in population orto discover and develop new sources of food (or both), millions of people willbe dying of starvation or at the best suffering from underfeeding before thiscentury is out. But nobody has yet worked out any plan for housing thesegrowing populations. Admittedly the worst situations will occur in the hottestparts of the world, where housing can be light structure or in backward areaswhere standards are traditionally low. But even the minimum shelter requiresmaterials of some kind and in the teeming, bulging towns the low-standard“housing” of flattened petrol cans and dirty canvas is far more wasteful ofground space than can be tolerated.Since the war, Hong Konghas suffered the kind of crisis which is likely to arise in many other placesduring the next generation. Literally millions of refugees arrived to swell thealready growing population and emergency steps had to be taken rapidly toprevent squalor（肮脏）and disease and the spread crime. The city is tacklingthe situation energetically and enormous blocks of tenements（贫民住宅）are rising at anastonishing aped. But Hong Kong is only onesmall part of what will certainly become a vast problem and not merely ahousing problem, because when population grows at this rate there areaccompanying problems of education, transport, hospital services, drainage,water supply and so on. Not every area may give the same resources as Hong Kong to draw upon and the search for quicker andcheaper methods of construction must never cease.1.What is the author’s opinion of housing problems in the first paragraph?A.They may be completely solved at sometime in the future.B.They are unimportant and easily dealt with.C.They will not be solved until a new building material has been discovered.D.They have been dealt with in specific detail in books describing the future.2.The writer is sure that in the distant future ___.A.bricks and mortar will be replaced by some other building material.B.a new building material will have been invented.C.bricks and mortar will not be used by people who want their house to befashionable.D.a new way of using bricks and mortar will have been discovered.3.The writer believes that the biggest problem likely to confront the worldbefore the end of the century ___.A.is difficult to foresee.B.will be how to feed the ever growing population.C.will be how to provide enough houses in the hottest parts of the world.D.is the question of finding enough ground space.4.When the writer says that the worst situations will occur in the hottestparts of the world or in backward areas, he is referring to the fact that inthese parts ___.A.standards of building are low.B.only minimum shelter will be possible.C.there is not enough ground space.D.the population growth will be the greatest.5.Which of the following sentences best summarizes Paragraph 3?A.Hong Kong has faced a serious crisis caused by millions of refugees.B.Hong Kong has successfully dealt with the emergency caused by millions ofrefugees.C.Hong Kong’s crisis was not only a matter of housing but included a number ofother problems of population growth.D.Many parts of the world may have to face the kind of problems encountered by Hong Kong and may find it much harder to deal with them.答案：AABDD。

1.Why Integrity MattersWhat Is Integrity?The key to integrity is consistency- not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each and every day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical (道德上的) standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse (缺失) of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus integrity must be one of our most important goals.Risky BusinessWe are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision, making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules a about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct, Ignorance is not a defense."But Everybody Does It"Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it." "I'm not hurting anyone", or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm look at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I’m just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions and avoid excuses, if we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making - and that leads to bad decisions.To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public and anyone could be watching over yore shoulder. If you'd rather hide your actions, that's an indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.Evaluating RisksTo decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immolate benefits and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious and may include a "O" on a test or assignment, an "F" in the class, suspension (暂令停学) or dismissal from school and a ruined reputation. In fact, when you break a role or law, you lose control over your life and give others the power to impose punishment that you have no control over. This is an extremely vulnerable (脆弱的) position. There may be some matters of life and death or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category.Getting Away with it - Or NotThose who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, which deprives (剥夺) him her of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-respect and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty and afraid of getting caught.Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences.Cheating Hurts Other, TooCheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have an intense cumulative (累积的) effect. Cheating can spread like a disease. Recent statistics suggest 30％or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don't cheat I can't compete with those who do") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of goof teaching is seeing students learn. But a cheater says. "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach, all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the university and harm those who worked hard for their degree.Why Integrity MartenIf cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others, if not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______.A) sticks to them in their daily life B) makes them known to othersC) understands their true values D) sees that others also follow them2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?A) It helps to create team spirit B) It facilitates communicationC) It is the basis of mutual trust D) It inspires mutual respect3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take？A. To ensure we make responsible choices.B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.C. so that we don’t break any rules.D. so that we don’t run into trouble.4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _______?A. it has caused no harm.B. it is claimed to be unintentional.C. it has gone unnoticed.D. it is committed with good intentions.5. What should one do if he doesn’t wish to fool himself?A. Avoid making excuses.B. Listen to other people’s advice.C. Make his intensions public.D. Have others watch over his shoulder.6. Those who take risks they regret later on _______.A. will often become more cautiousB. are usually very aggressiveC. value immediate benefits most.D. may lose everything in the end7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn’t get caught right away will _______.A) pay more dearly B) become more confidentC) be widely admired D) feel somewhat lucky8. Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how to _____________________________.9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people’s _________________________.10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of ________________________________.2.British Cuisine: the Best of Old and NewBritish cuisine (烹饪) has come of age in recent years as chefs (厨师) combine the best of old and new.Why does British food have a reputation for being so bad? Because it is bad! Those are not the most encouraging words to hear just before eating lunch at one of Hong Kong's smartest British restaurants, Alfie's by KEE, but head chef Neil Tomes has more to say."The past 15 years or so have been a noticeable period of improvement for food in England," the English chef says, citing the trend in British cuisine for better ingredients, preparation and cooking methods, and more appealing presentation. Chefs such as Delia Smith, Nigel Slater, Jamie Oliver and Gordon Ramsay made the public realise that cooking - and eating - didn't have to be a boring thing. And now, most of the British public is familiar even with the extremes of Heston BlumenthaPs molecular gastronomy, a form of cooking that employs scientific methods to create the perfect dish."It's no longer the case that the common man in England is embarrassed to show he knows about food," Tomes says.There was plenty of room for improvement. The problems with the nation's cuisine can be traced back to the Second World War. Before the War, much of Britain's food was imported and when German U-boats began attacking ships bringing food to the country, Britain went on rations (配给)."As rationing came to an end in the 1950s, technology picked up and was used to mass-produce food," Tomes says. "And by then people were just happy to have a decent quantity of food in their kitchens."They weren't looking for cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation; they were looking for whatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritisation of quantity over quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up with food that couldn't compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium or Spain.Before star chefs such as Oliver began making cooking fashionable, it was hard to find a restaurant in London that was open after 9pm. But in recent years the capital's culinary (烹饪的) scene has developed to the point that it is now confident of its ability to please the tastes of any international visitor.With the opening of Alfie's in April, and others such as The Pawn, two years ago, modern British food has made its way to Hong Kong. "With British food, I think that Hong Kong restaurants are keeping up," says David Tamlyn, the Welsh executive chef at The Pawn in Wan Chai. "Hong Kong diners are extremely responsive to new ideas or presentations, which is good news for new dishes."Chefs agree that diners in Hong Kong are embracing the modern British trend. Some restaurants are modifying the recipes (菜谱) of British dishes to breathe new life into the classics, while others are using better quality ingredients but remaining true to British traditions and tastes.Tamlyn is in the second camp. "We select our food very particularly. We use US beef, New Zealand lamb and for our custards (牛奶蛋糊)we use Bird's Custard Powder," Tamlyn says. "Some restaurants go for custard made fresh with eggs, sugar and cream, but British custard is different, and we stay true to that."Matthew Hill, senior manager at the two-year-old SoHo restaurant Yorkshire Pudding, also uses better ingredients as a means of improving dishes. "There are a lot of existing perceptions about British food and so we can't alter these too much. We're a traditional British restaurant so there are some staples (主菜) that will remain essentially unchanged."These traditional dishes include fish and chips, steak and kidney pie and large pieces of roasted meats. At Alfie's, the newest of the British restaurants in town and perhaps the most gentlemen's club-like in design, Neil Tomes explains his passion for provenance (原产地)."Britain has started to become really proud of the food it's producing. It has excellent organic farms, beautifully crafted cheeses, high-quality meats."However, the British don't have a history of exporting their foodstuffs, which makes it difficult for restaurants in Hong Kong to source authentic ingredients."We can get a lot of our ingredients once a week from the UK," Tamlyn explains. "But there is also pressure to buy local and save on food miles, which means we take our vegetables from the local markets, and there are a lot that work well with British staples." The Phoenix, in Mid-Levels, offers the widest interpretation of "British cuisine", while still trying to maintain its soul. The gastro-pub has existed in various locations in Hong Kong since 2002. Singaporean head chef Tommy Teh Kum Chai offers daily specials on a blackboard, rather than sticking to a menu. This enables him to reinterpret British cuisine depending on what is available in the local markets."We use a lot of ingredients that people wouldn't perhaps associate as British, but are presented in a British way. Bell peppers stuffed with couscous, alongside ratatouille, is a very popular dish."Although the ingredients may not strike diners as being traditional, they can be found in dishes across Britain.Even the traditional chefs are aware of the need to adapt to local tastes and customs, while maintaining the Britishness of their cuisine.At Yorkshire Pudding, Hill says that his staff asks diners whether they would like to share their meals. Small dishes, shared meals and "mixing it up" is not something commonly done in Britain, but Yorkshire Pudding will bring full dishes to the table and offer individual plates for each diner. "That way, people still get the presentation of the dishes as they were designed, but can carve them up however they like," Hill says.This practice is also popular at The Pawn, although largely for rotisseries (烤肉馆),Tamlyn says. "Some tables will arrive on a Sunday, order a whole chicken and a shoulder of lamb or a baby pig, and just stay for hours enjoying everything we bring out for them."Some British traditions are too sacred (神圣的)to mess with, however, Tomes says. "I'd never change a full English breakfast."注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

12月大学英语六级阅读模拟专项练习六级中的阅读部分包括三种题型：选词填空、信息匹配和仔细阅读，分值比重分别为5%，10%，20%。

信息匹配较为简单，同学们的'得分率相对较高。

以下是yjbys网店铺整理的关于英语六级阅读模拟专项练习，供大家练习备考。

There are various ways in which individual economic units can interact with one another. Three basic ways may be described as the market system，the administered system，and the traditional system.In a market system individual economic units are free to interact among each other in the marketplace. It is possible to buy commodities from other economic units or sell commodities to them. In a market， transactions may take place via barter or money exchange. In a barter economy，real goods such as automobiles， shoes， and pizzas are traded against each other. Obviously， finding somebody who wants to trade my old car in exchange for a sailboat may not always be an easy task. Hence，the introduction of money as a medium of exchange eases transactions considerably. In the modern market economy，goods and services are bought or sold for money.An alternative to the market system is administrative control by some agency over all transactions. This agency will issue edicts or commands as to how much of each good and service should be produced， exchanged， and consumed by each economic unit. Central planning may be one way of administering such an economy. The central plan，drawn up by the government，shows the amounts of each commodity produced by the various firms and allocated to different households for consumption. This is an example of complete planning of production，consumption， and exchange for the whole economy.In a traditional society，production and consumption patterns are governed by tradition; every person‘s place within the economic system is fixed by parentage，religion，and custom. Transactions take place on the basis of tradition， too. People belonging to a certain group or caste may have an obligation to care for other persons， provide them with food and shelter，care for their health，and provide for their education. Clearly， in a system where every decision is made on the basis of tradition alone， progress may be difficult to achieve.A stagnant society may result.1.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To outline contrasting types of economic systems.B.To explain the science of economics.C.To argue for the superiority of one economic system.D.To compare barter and money-exchange markets.2.In the second paragraph，the word “real” in “real goods” could best be replaced by ___，A.high qualityB.concreteC.utterD.authentic.3.According to the passage， a barter economy can generate ___.A.rapid speed of transactions.B.misunderstandings.C.inflationD.difficulties for the traders.4.According to the passage， who has the greatest degree of control in the administered system?A.Individual householdsB.Small businesses.C.Major corporations.D.The government.5.Which of the following is not mentioned by the author asa criterion for determining a person‘s position in a traditional society? A.Family background B.Age C.Religious beliefs.D.Custom答案：ABDDB【2016年12月大学英语六级阅读模拟专项练习】。

大学英语六级阅读标准练习与答案导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《大学英语六级阅读标准练习与答案》的内容，具体内容：下面是我整理的，希望对大家有帮助。

The promise of finding long-term technological solutions to the problem...下面是我整理的，希望对大家有帮助。

The promise of finding long-term technological solutions to the problem of world food shortages seems difficult to fulfill. Many innovations that were once heavily supported and publicized have since fallen by the wayside. The proposals themselves were technically feasible, but they proved to be economically unviable and to yield food products culturally unacceptable to their consumers.One characteristic common to unsuccessful food innovations has been that, even with extensive government support, they often have not been technologically adapted or culturally acceptable to the people for whom they had been developed. A successful new technology, therefore, must fit the entire social cultural system in which it is to find a place. Security of crop yield, practicality of storage, and costs are much more significant than previously been realized by the advocates of new technologies.The adoption of new food technologies depends on more than thesetechnical and cultural considerations; economic factors and governmental policies also strongly influence the ultimate success of any innovation. Economists in the Anglo-American tradition have taken the lead in investigating the economics of technological innovation. Although they exaggerate in claiming that profitability is the key factor guiding technical change—they completely disregard the substantial effects of culture—they are correct in stressing the importance of profits. Most technological innovations in agriculture can be fully used only by large landowners and are only adopted if these profit-oriented business people believe that the innovation will increase their incomes. Thus, innovations that carry high rewards for big agribusiness groups will be adopted even if they harm segments of the population and reduce the availability of food in a country. Further, should a new technology promise to alter substantially the profits and losses associated with any production system, those with economic power will strive to maintain and improve their own positions. Therefore, although technical advances in food production and processing will perhaps be needed to ensure food availability, meeting food needs will depend much more on equalizing economic power among the various segments of the populations within the developing countries themselves.1.The passage mentions all of the following as factors importantto the success of a new food crop except the ___.A.practicality of storage of the crop.B.security of the crop yield.C.quality of the crops protein.D.cultural acceptability of the crop.2.The author suggests that, in most emerging countries, extensive government intervention accompanying the introduction of a food innovation will ___.ually be sufficient to guarantee the financial success of the innovation.B.be necessary to ensure that the benefits of the innovation will be spread throughout the society.C.normally occur only when the innovation favors large landowners.D.generally cost the country more than will be earned by the innovation.3.The first paragraph of the passage best supports which of the following statements?A.Too much publicity can harm the chances for the success of a new food innovation.B.Innovations that produce culturally acceptable crops will generally be successful.C.A food-product innovation can be technically feasible and still not be economically viable.D.It is difficult to decide whether a food-product innovation has actually been a success.4.The author provides a sustained argument to uphold which of the following assertions?A.Profitability is neither necessary nor sufficient for a new technology to be adopted.B.Profitability is the key factor guiding technological change.C.Economic factors and governmental policies strongly influence the ultimate success of any innovation.D.Innovations carrying high rewards for big agribusiness groups harm the poor.5.The primary purpose of the passage is to discuss the ___.A.means of assessing the extent of the world food shortage.B.difficulties of applying technological solutions to the problem of food shortages.C.costs of introducing a new food technology into a developing country.D.nature of the new technological innovations in the area of food production.答案：CBCCBWhat most people dont realize is that wealth isnt the same as income. If you make $ 1 million a year and spend $ 1 million, youre not getting wealthier, youre just living high. Wealth is what you accumulate, not what you spend.The most successful accumulators of wealth spend far less than they can afford on houses, cars, vacations and entertainment. Why? Because these things offer little or no return. The wealthy would rather put their money into investments or their businesses. Its an attitude.Millionaires understand that when you buy a luxury house, you buy a luxury life style too. Your property taxes skyrocket, along with the cost of utilities and insurance, and the prices of nearby services, such as grocery stores, tend to be higher.The rich mans attitude can also be seen in his car. Many drive old unpretentious sedans. Sam Walton, billionaire founder of the Wal Mart Store, Inc., drove a pickup truck.Most millionaires measure success by net worth, not income. Instead of taking their money home, they plow as much as they can into their businesses, stock portfolios and other assets. Why? Because the government doesnt tax wealth; it taxes income you bring home for consumption, the more the government taxes.The person who piles up net worth fastest tends to put every dollarhe can into investments, not consumption. All the while, of course, hes reinvesting his earnings from investments and watching his net worth soar. Thats the attitude as well.The best wealth-builders pay careful attention to their money and seek professional advice. Those who spend heavily on cars, boats and buses, Ive found, tend to skimp on investment advice. Those who skimp on the luxuries are usually more willing to pay top dollar for good legal and financial advice.The self-made rich develop clear goals for their money. They may wish to retire early, or they may want to leave an estate to their children. The goals vary, but two things are consistent: they have a dollar figure in mind-the amount they want to save by age 50, perhaps and they work unceasingly toward that goal.One thing may surprise you. If you make wealth not just income your goal, the luxury house youve been dreaming about wont seem so alluring. Youll have the attitude.1.Which of the following statements is true?A.Wealth is judged according to the life style one has.B.Inheritance builds an important part in ones wealth.C.High income may make one live high and get rich t the same time.D.Wealth is more of what one has made than anything else.2.By the authors opinion, those who spend money on luxury housesand cars_____.A.will not be taxed by the governmentB.have accumulated wealth in another senseC.live high and have little savedD.can show that they are among the rich3.The rich put their money into business because_____.A.they can get much in return to build their wealthB.they are not interested in luxury houses and carsC.their goal is to develop their companyD.that is the only way to spend money yet not to be taxed by the government4.The U.S. government doesnt tax what you spend money on _____.A.cars Bhouses C.stock D.boats5.To become wealthy, one should______.A.seek as much income as he canB.work hard unceasinglyC.stick to the way he livesD.save up his earnings答案：DCACB。

Y ou might ask why it is that women decided to go after jobs in ever greater numbers. Y ou might equally ask why not. The idea of the nuclear family, with the breadwinner father out at work and the housekeeper and child-minder mother at home, is neither as old as obvious as it seems. In predominantly agricultural societies, both father and mother worked on the land. Children saw plenty of both of them, and were expected to start helping out at a tender age. With the industrial revolution, formal work largely moved away from home, but both parents commonly had jobs to make ends meet; the children managed as best they could. It takes a fairly sophisticated society with a comfortable middle class, and a belief in an extended period of education for th e young, to devise the “traditional” family model that enjoyed such a vogue (时尚) in developed countries in the late 1940s to early 1960s.That traditional model ran out of stream for a number of reasons. Single women, either up until marriage or up until the birth of the first child, have always worked; the novelty is that in the past few decades growing numbers of marriage women have been taking paid jobs too. One thing that has helped to make this possible is readily available contraception (避孕). Children arrive ever later in their mother’s life, and in ever smaller numbers. Except for America and some of the Nordic countries, the rich world produces far too few children to keep up its present population; in some countries the one-child family is becoming the norm, and many women remain childless.Y et even women who do have families are working in far greater numbers than before. In America, at least three out of four mothers of school-age children have jobs. Working mothers used to be criticized for neglecting their children; now it is mothers staying at home who have to explain themselves. Combining work and family, however, makes for hectic (繁忙的) lives, despite the array of gadgets that be, but nowhere near enough. Working women’s biggest single complaint is lack of time.But what they lose in time, they gain in spending power. Their earnings are not just pin money. For the growing number of single mothers they are essential, and in dual-earner families they often make the difference between just getting by and living comfortably. They also offer an insurance policy in the increasingly likely event of a divorce. In America, one marriage in two eventually breaks up. Elsewhere the proportion is lower, but rising.1.According to the author, the family model in the late 1940s to early 1960s was thatthe father went out working while the mother2.In the past few decades the increasing numbers of married women taking jobsoutside home have attributed to having children3.Although there are some modern facilities which help Mothers with houseworkand sometimes Fathers give a hand, working mothers are still4.The phrase “pin money” in Line2, Para.4 means5.The passage is mainly aboutStanding up straight and keeping your body centered may seem like second nature to most of us. But for people with balance disorders, it is anything b ut easy. Wobbly(摇晃的) and unsure on their feet, they often have difficulty walking and are 1 to falls, a leading cause of injury and death in the elderly.Certain diseases and medications, or the normal course of aging, can 2 the sensory signals transmitted to the part of the brain that governs gravitational stability, which is why people become unsteady, dizzy or 3 .Now scientists have developed a novel balance feedback device that weighs less than a pound and can be worn on a belt like a pager. It may help correct balance difficulties by providing sufferers with the sensory data they are missing.An estimated 20% of Americans suffer from balance disorders. These difficulties can be 4 by various infections, head injuries, aging, illnesses such as multiple sclerosis (硬化症)and Parkinson’s disease, or inner ear damage, which can be caused by Ménière’s disease, poor blood circulation or some antibiotics(维生素) .Although maintaining balance may seem effortless, keeping your body stable is a gravity-defying skill that requires input from three main senses. The brain 5 information from our vision, from the vestibular (balance) system in the inner ear from the somatosensory system—the sense receptors in our muscles, joints, skin and feet—that tells us where our body is in 6 to surfaces that we contact.If a person doesn’t receive enough information from the 7 balance sensors, especially from the balance system that regulates our sense of gravity, he or she can become quite wobbly without realizing it. As a consequence, he may 8 too far and fall. It’s basic physics, and the bigger the sway, the more likely it is to fall.The balance feedback device can help 9 a person’s damaged sensory system. The lightweight appliance, which contains sensors, is hooked to a belt and connected to a pair of headphones. The device acts much like a carpenter’s level and emits auditory 10 to let users know when their body is swaying too much so they can make corrections. Different tones and intensities tell subjects which way they are learning: a high-pitched tone, for example, signals that they are learning forward and grows louder if they bend farther; a lower sound tells them they’re swaying backward.Name-calling and teasing are overwhelmingly the main type of classroom bullying, says a study funded by the Japanese Ministry of Education. The study, an international programme looking into the 1 of bullying, has also been sponsored by UNESCO（联合国教科文组织）.However, the study does reveal some good news. The research in the British part of the programme has found that the problem of bullying in schools has decreased. A decade of anti-bullying initiatives has led to the first recorded drop in the number of victims and a 2 fall in the number of young bullies. This is the first 3 study to show school bullying on the decrease. The research, being published in the year 2000, was carried out by psychologist Peter Smith, of Goldsmith’s College, London. The war on violence and name-calling has been so successful that Britain is no longer the bullying capital of Europe, 4 major improvements in comparison with other European countries.The research, an international study sponsored by UNESCO, shows that there has been a decline of at least 72 000 in the number of English teenagers who say they have been bullied, compared with 10 years ago. Meanwhile the number of perpetrators(作恶者，行凶者) has more than halved, 5 from 560 000 to 240 000 over the same period. Psychologist Smith said there has been change in the way the issue is 6 in British schools. The findings were an indication of a tough anti-bullying attitude in schools which would not tolerate this kind of behavior, and the result of such initiatives as peers 7 , where students are encouraged to 8 in their fellow pupils.Physical violence against the children accounted for just over one quarter of all reports with boys twice as likely as girls to be kicked, 9 or threatened. Smith found one in seven of all victims suffered racist bullies and being called hurtful names.10 , nearly one-third of the victims told no one. But this is better than ten years ago when Smith found that one half of all the children who were bullied kept it to themselves.The findi ngs were given a cautious welcome by the children’s safety charity Kidscape, which takes 16 000 calls a year from concerned parents. “Some anti-bullying policies are really taking hold, but where it’s bad it’s still very, very bad,” said director Michelle Elliott.At the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, psychology professor Bella DePaulo got 77 students and 70 townspeople to volunteer for an unusual project. All kept diaries for a week, recording the numbers and details of the lies they told.One student and six Charlottesville residents 1 to have told no falsehoods. The other 140 participants told 1 535.The lies were most often not what most of us would call 2 . Someone would pretend to be more positive or supportive of a spouse or friend than he or she really was, or feign (假装) agreement with a relative’s opinion. According to DePaulo, women in their 3 with other women lied mostly to spare the other’s feelings. Men lied to other men generally for self-promoting reasons.For example, 20 000 middle-and high-schoolers 4 devoted themselves to character education. 92 percent of the teenagers admitted having lied to their parents in the previous year, and 73 percent 5 themselves as “serial liars”, meaning they told lies weekly. Despite these admissions, 91 percent of all respondents said they were “satisfied with my own 6 and character”.Little white lies have become ubiquitous(无处不在的) and the reasons we give each other for telling fibs (小慌)are familiar. Consider, for example, a Southern California corporate executive whom I’ll call Tom. He goes with his wife and son to his mother-in-law’s home for Thanksgiving dinner every year. Tom dislikes her “special” pumpkin pie intensely. 7 he tells her how wonderful it is, to avoid hurting her feelings.How often do we 8 people on how well they look, or express our appreciation for gifts when we don’t really mean it? Surely, these nice li es are harmless and well intended, a necessary social lubricant.Even seemingly harmless falsehoods can have unforeseen consequences. Philosopher Sissela Bok warns us that they can put us on a slippery slope. “After the first lies, others can come more eas ily,” she wrote in her book Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life. Psychological barriers wear down; the ability to make more distinctions can coarsen; the liar’s 9 of his chances of being caught may warp(歪曲).Take the pumpkin-pie lies. In the f irst place, it wasn’t just that he wanted his mother-in-law to feel good. Whether he realized it or not, he really wanted her to think highly of him. And after the initial 10 he needed to tell more lies to cover up the first one.Today, some critics argue that progress on environment problems has been elusive(难以捉摸的，难以理解的). There is some truth in that. In the last decade, environment problems have 1 across the globe.Y et over the same 10 years, society has 2 its resources to address these challenges. The original response was slow. But it is gathering speed, with technological breakthroughs and a growing awareness that a clean environment is essential for development.Of course, we should greatly intensify efforts to tackle poverty and environment 3 .They endanger our health, security and the innumerable benefits that come to us from nature.But we should also remember our real accomplishments. We have slashed emissions of chemicals that 4 the ozone layer and threaten human health. Industrialized nations largely eliminated chlorofluoro-carbons and halons, the major ozone-threatening gases. And many developing countries are ahead of the timetable that gives them until 2010 to phase out those gases.We are relying less on dirty fuels. Five million energy-efficient lights have been installed in poor countries and those with 5 economies. Wind power generation capacity has increased from near zero to 1 700 megawatts. Virtually unknown in 1992, solar home systems using photo-voltaic technology now provide power to more than a million rural households. At least 30 major companies have 6 to investing $10 to $15 billion in renewable energy over the next five years.The private sector is playing an increasingly constructive role. This is an acknowledgement that preserving the environment is both good business and a moral 7 . Companies such as Royal Dutch Shell, Dupont and BP Amoco are working to reduce their negative impact on climate change and increase the options for cleaner energy. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation has helped to launch the global alliance for improved nutrition, an innovative public-private partnership that seeks to 8 food in a cost-effective way to improve the health, 9 development and productivity of people in poor countries.We can build on the strengths we have developed over the past 10 years and move ahead with confidence that 10 development goals are indeed achievable.。

六级英语阅读专项练习附答案讲解六级英语阅读专项练习原文Divorce doesnt necessarily make adults happy. But toughing it out in an unhappy marriageuntil it turns around just might do, a new study says.The research identified happy and unhappy spouses. culled (选出 ) from a national database.Of the unhappypartners who divorced. about half were happy five years later. But unhappyspouses who stuck it out often did better. About two-thirds were happy five years later. Studyresults contradict what seems to be commonsense, says David Blankenhorn of the Institute forAmerican Values, a think-tank on the family. The institute helped sponsor the research leambased at the University of Chicago. Findings will be presented in Arlington, Va.. at the SmartMarriage conference. sponsored by the Coalition for Marriage. Families and CouplesEducation.The study looked at data on 5,232 married adults from the National Survey of Families andHouseholds. It included .64.5 who were unhappy. The adults in the national sample wereanalyzed through 13 measures of psychological well being. Within the five years, 167 of theunhappy were divorced or separated and 478 stayedmarried.Divorce didnt reduce symptoms of depression, raise self-esteem or increase sense ofmastery compared withthose who stayed married, the report says.Results were controlled for factors including race, age, gender and income. Staying marrieddid not tend to trap unhappy spouses in violent relationships. What helped the unhappymarried turn things around To supplement the formal study data, the research team askedprofessional firms to recruit focus groups totaling 55 adults who were marriage survivors.All had moved from unhappy to happy marriages. These 55 once-discontented married felttheir unions got better via one of threeroutes, the report says:Marital endurance. Wich time, job situations improved, children got older or better. orchronic ongoing problems got put into new perspective. Partners did not work on theirmarriages.Marital work. Spouses actively worked to solve problems, change behavior of improvecommunication.Personal change. Partners found alternative ways to improve their own happiness and build agood and happy life despite a mediocre marriage. In effect the unhappy partner changed.六级英语阅读专项练习题目1. According to David Blankenhorn. people commonly believe that________.A) divorce is a better solution to an unhappy marriage than staying togetherB) divorce is not necessarily the only solution to an unhappy marriageC) keeping an unhappy marriage needs much courage and enduranceD) to end an unhappy marriage or not is a tough decision for the spouses2. Which of the following is true about the research under discussionA) It was conducted by che Institute for the American Values headed by David Blankenhorn.B) It was sponsored by the Coalition for Marriage, Families and Couples Education.C) Its subjects were chosen from a national database based at the University of Chicago.D) Its report will be included in the schedule of the Smart Marriageconference.3. The 13 measures of psychological well-being are used to_______.A) serve as the standards for choosing the subjects of the researchB) serve as the ways to help adults to get over their unhappy marriageC) examine all the 5232 married adultsD) examine all the adults in the database4. The authors attitude towards divorce may best be described as ________.A) criticalB) impersonalC) arbitraryD) scornful5. According to the report, chose unhappily-wedded may not survive their marriage by_______.A) waiting for the living conditions to get improvedB) achieving childrens understandingC) changing their own attitude towards mediocre marriagesD) working on their problems and strengthening communication六级英语阅读专项练习答案1.David Blankenhorn认为，人们通常认为_________。

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The greatest contribution to civilization in the century may well be the air-conditioning- and American leads just as amazing is the speed with which this situation came to be. Air-conditioning began to spread in industries as a production aid during World War Ⅱ. Today most Americans need to take air-conditioning for granted to homes, offices, factories, theatres, shops, studios, schools, hotels, and restaurants.But not everybody is aware that high cost and easy comfort are merely two of the effects of the vast cooling of American. In fact, air conditioning has substantial ly altered the country’s character and customs.Many of the byproducts are so conspicuous that they are scarcely noticed. T o begin with, air-conditioning transformed the face of America by making possible those glassy, boxy, sealed-in skyscrapers. It has been indispensable, no less, to the functioning of sensitive advanced computers, whose high operating temperatures require that they be constantly cooled. . .It has, at will, forced families into retreating into families with closed doors and shut windows, reducing the interactions of neighborhood life. It is really surprising that the public’s often noted withdrawal into self-pursuit and privacy has coincided with the historic spread of air-conditioning. Though science has little studied how habitual air-conditioning affects mind and body, some medical experts suggest that, like other technicalavoidance of natural variations in climate, air-conditioning may damage the human capacity to adapt to stress. If so, air-conditioning is only like many other greatly useful technical developments that liberate man from nature by increasing his productivity and power in some way - while indirectly weakening him in others.1. According to this selection, which of the following constitutes the unique character of U.S.?A) Its excessive use of air-conditioning.B) Its advanced computerized civilization.C) Its public’s retreating into self-pursuit.D) Its greatest contribution to human civilization.2. According to the author, the chief consequence brought about by the wide application of air-conditioning is ____.A) the loss of human capacity to adapt to changes in climateB) the reduction of social communications of neighborhood lifeC) the active life style of all its usersD) the decreased human production and power3. The tone of this selection reveals that air-conditioning ____.A) has little effect on its usersB) has more effect on body than on mindC) brings more benefits than damage to its usersD) does harm as well as good to its users4. Who benefits the least from air-conditioning according to the author?A) Medical experts.B) Manufacturers.C) Factory laborers.D) Consumers.5. What is the author’s overall attitude towards air-conditioning?A) NeutralB) ObjectiveC) CriticalD) Compromising 答案：1.A)Its excessive use of air-conditiong对应原文Today most Americans need to take air-conditioning for granted to homes, offices, factories, theatres, shops, studios, schools, hotels, and restaurants.take sth for granted认为某事理所当然2.B)the reduction of social communications of neighborhood life对应原文forced families into retreating into families with closed doors and shut windows, reducing the interactions of neighborhood lifeneighborhood life社区生活选项A并未对应题干中的According to the author 而是对应原文中的some medical experts suggest that3.标准答案是C)brings more benefits than damage to its users，但我认为应该选D)does harm as well as good to its users，对应原文最后一句If so, air-conditioning is only like many other greatly useful technical developments(positive words) that liberate man from nature by increasing his productivity and power in some way - while indirectly weakening him in others(negative words)，于是does harm as well as good to its users.4.D)Consumers是最精确的。