政治术语 英文翻译

按保护价敞开收购粮食的政策a policy of purchasing grain without limitations at protective prices把处理事与处理人结合起来integrate the handling of cases with the handling of violators把有限的资金用在“刀刃上” use our limited funds where they can be put to best use保持经济适度快速增长maintain an appropriate rapid economic growth保监会the China Insurance Regulatory Commission保证国家的长治久安guarantee China’s long-term stability保证社会公共需要guarantee social needs保证这些项目如期建成并发挥效益ensure that these projects are completed according to schedule and yield economic returns避免形成倒逼机制、欲罢不能The uncompleted projects cannot drag on and on and require excessive investment.不合法、不合理基金和收费项目illegal and unjustifiable funds and charges不会导致货币过量发行without causing overissue of currency不进则退no progress simply means regression不良贷款non- performing loans不能搞赤字预算cannot leave a deficit in their budgets不再经商no longer engage in trade财政偿还能力our ability to service debt财政的承受能力financial capacity财政监督条例the Regulations on Financial Supervision财政日子将更加难过We will be in financial straits.财政收入占国内生产总值的比重the ratio of revenue to GDP财政收支基本平衡的原则 a principle of maintaining a basic balance between revenue and expenditures财政资金申请、立项、拨付、使用效果等各个环节的监督supervision over the whole process of fund allocation from application, project determination and actual allocation to returns on investment拆迁补偿费compensation for demolition产权划转和产权变动the transfer of and changes in property rights of enterprises产销衔接状况the ratio of sales to production产业升级upgrade industries长江流域的生态掩体an ecological shelter along the Yangtze River Valley长江三峡和黄河小浪底水利枢纽工程the key water projects at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River and at Xiaolangdi on the Yellow River长期国债long-term government bonds常务委员Standing Committee member车辆购置税暂行条例the Interim Regulations on the Tax on Vehicle Purchases成长型企业市场（指二板市场）growing enterprise market (GEM)城乡电网改造projects for upgrading urban and rural power grids城镇登记失业率registered unemployment rate in cities and towns城镇社会保障体系urban social security system城镇职工医疗保险制度改革medical insurance for urban workers城镇住房制度改革reform of the urban housing system出口经营权由审批制向登记备案制过渡the transition from an examination and approval system to a registration and recording system for the right to engage in export出口配额export quotas传统产业conventional industries创新体系an innovation system垂直管理vertical management从源头上、制度上堵塞漏洞plug up loopholes in terms of their sources and systems促进公平分配promote fair distribution of social wealth村村通广播电视工程project “extend radio and TV coverage to every village”存款准备金reserves against deposit大部分科技力量游离于企业和市场之外a majority of scientific personnel being divorced from enterprises and the market大力推进粮食流通体制改革step up our efforts to promote the reform of the grain distribution system大面积多光区光纤光谱天文望远镜a large sky area multi-object fiber-spectroscopy telescope贷款质量5级分类办法five-category assets classification for bank loans邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory低水平重复建设low-level redundant development滴灌、喷灌drip irrigation and spray irrigation抵抗全球经济衰退to combat the global economic slump地方性中小金融机构存款保险制度a deposit insurance system for local small and medium-sized financial institutions电视会议televised meeting调控宏观经济运行regulate operation of the macroeconomy调整出口退税adjustments in the level of export tax rebates调整投资结构和经济结构the restructuring of investment and the economy堵塞漏洞plug up loopholes对卷烟全面推行核定计税价格征收消费税办法fully levy a sales tax on cigarettes on the basis of an authorized tax valuation对人民高度负责的态度maintain a high sense of responsibility对中西部地区适当倾斜appropriately directed to the central and western areas of the country夺取了抗洪抢险的伟大胜利achieve great victory in the fight against floods发挥出最大的效益produce the best possible results发挥最大的使用效益yield the greatest returns on investment反对铺张浪费combat extravagance and waste防范和化解金融风险guard against and defuse financial risks防范金融风险能力ability to guard against financial risks防止“重点支出重点浪费” prevent “more waste in more expenditures”非办不可的大事important tasks which must be accomplished非国有工业企业non-state industrial enterprises非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions费改税改革tax-for-fees reform分配货币化distribution of money分税制度财政体制the revenue-sharing system风险防范机制a risk prevention mechanism服从全局、服务全局be subordinated to and serve the overall interests of the country复杂多变的国内经济环境complicated and volatile economic environment both at home and abroad改革价格形成机制reform the price formation mechanism干堤的修复加固任务the task of repairing and reinforcing the main dikes干法旋窑水泥dry-process rotary kilns敢抓敢管、不讲情面have the courage to bear their responsibilities and exercise management no matter what others might think高等教育“211工程” the “211” Project for higher education高技术产业发展规划plans for the development of high-tech industries高技术产业化apply high technology to production高技术产业化示范工程high-tech model projects to demonstrate their commercial viability高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻'三个代表'重要思想hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of 'Three Represents'高清晰度电视功能样机functional prototype of high definition TV个人所得税法the Law on Personal Income Tax个体经济、私营经济self-employed and private businesses各地区经济发展的客观需要the needs of the economic development of different regions各级各类教育all forms of education at all levels各种“小金库”屡禁不止failures to prohibit unauthorized departmental coffers repeatedly各种偷税、骗税和逃税行为all acts of tax evasion and tax fraud工程监理制project supervision system工程质量事故accidents resulting from poor quality of projects工业增加值industrial added value公开市场操作open-market operations共建、调整、合作、合并a program of joint development, adjustment, cooperation and mergers 购买力purchasing power鼓励兼并encourage mergers关心群众疾苦help alleviate their hardships规范管理standardized administration规范化的财政管理standardized financial management规范破产standardize bankruptcy procedures规范税制standardize the tax system国际公认internationally recognized国际通行的吸引外资方式internationally accepted methods of absorbing foreign investment国家财政包揽过多The state finance takes on too much financial burden.国家发展计划委员会the State Development Planning Commission国家确定的重点领域投资investment in the key areas designated by the state国家税源的大量流失great loss of state revenue国家重点科研项目national key scientific research projects国库券treasury bonds国民经济各方面all sectors of the national economy国民生产总值gross national product (GNP)国内短缺原材料和资源性产品raw and semi-finished materials and resource products which are in short supply in China国有独资商业银行wholly state-funded commercial bank国有企业改革reform of state-owned enterprises国有企业和集体企业资本金统计报告制度a system for reporting statistics on the capital funds of state-owned and collectively-owned enterprises国有企业重组regroup SOEs国有商业银行一级法人管理management of the state-owned commercial banks with only their head offices as their legal persons国有资产管理、监督和营运机制management, supervision and operation of state-owned assets 国有资源有偿使用paid use of state-owned resources国债资金the capital obtained from issuance of government bonds过剩的生产能力excessive production capacity海峡两岸关系cross-Strait relations合同管理制contract management system黑市交易black market transaction in foreign exchanges很多上海企业涌向西部，掀起了去西部的淘金热。

政治1.ominous ['ɔminəs] adj. 预兆的, 预示的(of) 不吉的; 不祥的2.bump [bʌmp] vt. 撞; 碰; 击撞伤[美俚]解雇; 拒绝; 投票反对提高(哄抬)物价3.mascot ['mæskət] n. 福神; 吉祥物[物品、动物等]4.beacon ['bi:kən] n. 烽火; 信号; 指向标5.immortality [ɪmɔ:'tælətɪ] n.不朽6.memoir ['memwɑ:] n.实录, 传略[pl. ]学会纪要; (向学会提出的)学术论文集7.columnist ['kɔləmnist] n. [美]（报纸的）专栏作家8.retrospective [͵retrəu'spektiv] adj.回顾[想]的; 追溯既往的,有追溯力的9.pivotal ['pivətəl] 枢轴的中枢的, 枢要的; 关键性的10.chronicle ['krɔnikl] n.年代记, 编年史; 记录; 纪11.strangle ['stræŋɡl] vt.掐死, 勒死; 扼杀, 绞杀,使感到窒息,12.detached [di'tæt∫t] adj.分离的, 分开的, 分遣的; 派遣的13.legislation [͵ledӡis'lei∫ən] n.立法14.petition [pi'ti∫ən] n.请愿, 呈请祈祷; 恳求15.grievance ['ɡri:vəns] n.委屈; 冤情; 牢骚; 对...抱怨(against16.subvert [səb'və:t] vt. 颠覆; 推翻; 暗中破坏17.tariff ['tærif] n.征税制度, 税率[则]关税表[率]18.delegation [͵deli'ɡei∫ən] n. 代表团19.tacit ['tæsit] adj.沉默的; 不言而喻的20.registration [͵redӡis'trei∫ən] n.登记; 登记证;21.reprimand ['reprimɑ:nd] n. 严责, 惩戒; 训斥22.conspiracy [kən'spirəsi] n.密谋策划，合谋阴谋；反叛（against）23.lobbyist ['lɔbɪɪst] n.（受雇游说官员的）说客24.escort [is'kɔ:t] vt. 护卫, 护送, 护航, 伴随25.captive ['kæptiv] adj.被活捉到的; 被监禁了的; 被控制的26.sponsorship [`spɔnsə∫ɪp] n. 赞助者的地位,任务等27.gangway ['ɡæŋwei] n.[英](戏院、音乐厅、下议院中)座席间的通道=[美] aisle)28.grueling ['ɡruəliŋ] n. 重罚, 严惩29.counsel ['kaunsəl] n.意见，忠告，建议\辩护律师，法律顾问30.alliance [ə'laiəns] n.同盟; 联盟,同盟国; 同盟条约31.sacrifice ['sækrifais] n.牺牲, 牺牲品; 祭品, 献祭32.injunction [in'dӡʌŋk∫ən] n. 命令, 责戒, 训谕; 【律】指令, 禁令33.tyranny ['tirəni] n. 暴政; 专制政治34.disengage ['disin'ɡeidӡ] vt.使解约/使释放; 解脱35.vigilant ['vidӡilənt] adj. 警惕的, 警戒的; 警醒的36.supreme [sju:'pri:m] adj.(阶级, 地位, 权力)至高的, 无上的37.brutallyadv. 兽性地, 残酷地38.inauguration [i͵nɔ:ɡju'rei∫ən] n.就职典礼[美]总统就职典礼; 开幕仪式,39.convene [kən'vi:n] vt. 召集，集合，召唤，叫出，传（被告等40.prerogative [pri'rɔɡətiv] n. 特权; 君权; 天赋的特权[能力]41.revolutionary ['revə'lu:∫ənəri] adj.革命的, 大变革的, 革命性的42.almanac ['ɔ:lmənæk;'ɔlmə͵næk;'ɔmənik] n.历书, 年历; 年鉴43.autocrat ['ɔ:təukræt] n. 独裁君主; 独裁者44.irritant ['iritənt] adj.刺激的; 引起发炎的【律】使无效的, 使失效的45.warrior ['wɔriə] n.勇士, 战士, 武士, (原始部落的)斗士46.errand ['erənd] n.差使[事]; 出差; 跑腿[古]使命47.nominate ['nɔmineit] vt.任命, 提名, 推荐, 指定48.hassle ['hæsl] n.[口]激烈争论49.dedicate ['dedikeit] vt.献给, 献身, 致力50.Insurgent [in'sə:dӡənt] adj. 起义的, 造反的, 暴动的, 叛乱的51.allegiance [ə'li:dӡəns] n.忠诚;封建臣道, 忠节52.federal adj.同盟的; 联合的/联邦的; 联邦制的53.agitation [ædӡi'tei∫ən] n. 煽动; (民众的)骚动激动不安, 焦虑/鼓动54.immunity [i'mju:niti] n.免疫(性); 不敏感性; 不腐蚀(状态)/免除; 豁55.elevate ['eliveit] vt.举起, 提高, 抬高;提升, 提拔56.interrogate [in'terəɡeit]vt. 讯问, 质问, 详问57.snatch [snæt∫] vt.抓住, 抢(去), 掠取, 夺得(away, off, up, down, from)58.concoct [kən'kɔkt] vt.调制，炮制.捏造，编造.策划，计划59.surveillance [sə:'veiləns]n. 监视, 看守；监督, 管制60.Acquit [ə'kwit] vt. 宣判无罪卸脱(责任, 义务等); 赦免, 释放(of)61.convict ['kɔnvikt] n. 囚犯, 罪犯vt. 宣告有罪, 使知罪62.heist[ haist] n. 强夺, 拦劫, 抢劫63.snitch vt. 偷, 扒(不太值钱的东西) n. 告密者, 告发者64.lobby n. 大厅, 休息室, 游说议员者vt. 游说65.FBI= Federal Bureau of Investigation (美国)联邦调查局;66.pirate ['paiərit] n. 掠夺者, 海盗(著作等的)剽窃者; 盗印者67.assault v. (动手或动口的)攻击, 【军】猛袭, 袭击, 突击, 【律】68.enocide 种族灭绝; 灭绝种族的罪行69.assault v. (动手或动口的)攻击, 【军】猛袭, 袭击, 突击, 【律】70.synagogue n. 会堂；犹太教会堂71.naysayer n. 反对者, 否认者72.amulet n. 护身符, 驱邪符73.cop n. 警官vt. 抓住74.perks n. 特权享受, 额外津贴75.bail v. 保释76.bureaucrat n. 官僚主义者; 官僚派头的人77.evacuee n. 被撤离者, 被疏散者78.impact ['impækt] n.冲击(力); 碰撞; 冲突79.culprit ['kʌlprit]n.犯人, 罪犯80.Badge n. 徽章，标记81.discharge [dis't∫ɑ:dӡ]vt.发射, 打(枪、炮), 免除(义务)82.inactive [in'æktiv]adj. 不活动的; 停业的; 不灵活的83.deprivation [͵depri'vei∫ən] n. 剥夺; (圣职等的)免职; 废止84.severe [si'viə] adj.严厉的; 严格(的)猛[剧]烈的; 严重的85.defy vt. 藐视, 挑衅, 使落空n. 挑战86.corroborate vt. 巩固, 确证87.treadmill n. 踏车, 令人厌倦的工作88.accidental a. 意外的, 偶然的, 非主要的, 附属的89.alienate vt. 使疏远, 离间, 转让90.garnish n. 装饰, 装饰品91.conservative [kən'sə:vətiv] adj. 保守的，守旧的92.mission n. 任务, 代表团, 使命, 传教团93.trafficker n. 商人, 贩子【法】贩卖者94.conscription [kən'skrip∫ən]n. 征兵, 募兵, 征用(制度)95.rebel n. 叛徒, 反叛者vi. 造反, 反抗, 抵抗, 反感96.dissuade vt. 劝阻97.trooper n. 骑兵, 骑警, 伞兵itia (n. )义勇军, 民兵组织, 国民军99.reprieve [ri'pri:v]n. 缓刑, 缓刑令, 暂缓100.legitimate [li'dӡitimit]adj.合法的, 合理的嫡系的真实的101.corporate ['kɔ:pərit]adj.团体的、法人组织的102.Bureaucracy [bjuə'rɔkrəsi n. 官僚主义; 官僚政治, 官僚机构103.legislator ['ledӡis͵leitə]n. (fem. –tress)立法者; 议员; 立法机关的成员104.mandatory ['mændətəri]adj.命令的, 受委托的(upon) 指示的强制性的; 105.Referendum [͵refə'rendəm] n.公民投票(权); 外交官请示书106.Lynch n. 私刑, 私罚vt. 处以私刑处死, 加私刑107.Torture n. 拷问, 苦闷vt. 拷问, 曲解, 折磨, 使弯曲108.Displacement [dis'pleismənt] 位移, 变位, 移动, 移置, 偏移109.Prospect ['prɔspekt] [常用复]前景; 前途; 期望得到的钱财110.Rehab [`ri:hæb] (=rehabilitation) n.修复,复兴,恢复名誉,复职111.Bigwig ['bɪɡwɪɡ] n. 要人；大人物112.Debut n. 初次登台, 开张vt. 初次登台113.proposal [prə'pəuzəl]n. 提议; 申请; 建议114.Royal ['rɔiəl]adj. (女)王的; 王室的115.Chaplain ['t∫æplin] n. 随军教士, (军队、医院、监狱等中的)教士116.Recruit [ri'kru:t] vt. 征募(新兵), 吸收(新成员) 充实, 补充117.presence ['prezns]n. 出席, 到场, 在场; 参加, 列席118.snob [snɔb] n.假绅士; 势利眼; 假内行119.anniversary [͵æni'və:səri] adj.周年的; 周年纪念120.Conplicity 串通121..topple 使摇摇欲坠122.Denounce 谴责123.warlord 军阀124.Haggle 争论125.oversee 监督，监视126.Ballot 投票选举127..proxy 代理人128.Contention 争吵，争执129..oust 剥夺，罢免130.Abstain 投票时弃权131.amend 修订，修正132.Dissent 异议133..reinstate 使恢复职位134.Vindicate 证实有理135.attest 证实136.Assasinate 暗杀. 137.defuse 缓和，平息138.Conspire 密谋，图谋139.imposition 颁布，实施140.Detention 拘留141.defy 违抗，反抗142.Gridlock 僵局143.curtail 限制，减缩144.Abduct 诱拐145.accrue 逐渐增长146.Intimidate 恐吓，威胁147.depose 罢免，废黜148.Asset 资产，财产149.equitable 公平的，合理的150.Resurgence 复苏，复兴151.trafficker 非法交易者152.Surveillance 监视153.entity 实体，独立存在物154.Accession 登基，即位155.interrogate 用暴力手段审问156.Frame 作伪证157.tenure 任期158.Respite 暂停，暂缓159.interim 临时的，过度的160.Crunch 紧要关头，困境161.bubble economy 泡沫经济162.Infringe 违背，触犯法规163.abortive coup attempt 未遂政变164.Confiscate 没收165.brawn drain 劳工外流166.Remit 赦免167.idle money 闲散资金168.Convict 宣判某人有罪169.autonomous 自治的170.Referendum 全民投票171.Moratorium 暂停172.Allege 断言173.Testimony 证据，证明174.Countenance 支持，赞成175.Adjourn 休庭，延期176.Defiant 挑衅的177.Inaugurate 举行就职典礼178.Ransom 赎金179.Outcry 强烈的抗议180.Cabinet 内阁181.Deficit 赤字182.Unrest 动荡183.Judicial 法庭的，司法的184.Censure 严厉的批评185.Reconcile 使和解186.Pact 条约，协议187.Legitimate 合法的，正当的188.Anarchy 无政府主义189.barrel (n.) 圆桶；枪（炮）管190.hibernate (v.) [I] (动物) 冬眠191.bipartisan 代表两党的，两党连立的192.gobble (v.) 狼吞虎咽地吃193.strident 刺耳的194.screw 螺丝钉screwy 螺旋形的，扭曲的，怪癖的195.downplay 对某食物轻描淡写，贬低196.outright 完全的彻底的197.upright 挺（笔）直的，正直（公平）的198.bribe (v.) 向有权者行贿，收买bribery (n.) 行贿，受贿199.swank 打扮漂亮的200.stink (v.)[I] 有难闻的气味201.pulpit （教堂中的）讲坛202.maple 枫树203.elm 榆树204.tome 厚厚的书，大部头书205.tirade 长篇而愤怒的演讲206.bilingual (能说)两种语言的207.silicon 硅208.surveillance (n.) (尤指对有犯罪嫌疑的人所进行的)监视209.surveillant (n.) j监视（督）者，监视（督）的210.ditch 水沟，渠道211.blurt sth. out (对不应该说的事)脱口而出212.cocaine 可卡因213.fib (n.) 小谎言（v.）撒小慌214.tattoo (v.n.) 纹身215.furnace 火（熔）炉216.fob sb. off (用低劣的东西) 哄骗或搪塞（某人）217.lottery 碰运气的事218.escort (v.) 护送（某人）（n.）护送者，护卫队under escort 在护送下219.ritual 仪式，程序，例行习惯220.sprawl (v.) 伸开四肢躺（坐）；蔓延，扩展221.snipe (v.) 伏击，狙击；用言词中伤（某人）222.bullet 枪弹，子弹223.camouflage (v.n.) (尤指军事上的)伪装，掩饰224.platoon 军队的（排）mandeer (v.) 强占（私产作军事用途），征用226.cannon 大炮，加农炮227.slot 狭孔，狭缝，槽228.demobilize 使复原229.forebode (v.) 预示，预言，预兆，预感230.sedate 镇定的，沉重的，庄重的231.spinal 脊椎的232.cord 粗线，细绳，电线233.limb 肢，翼，翅膀234.limp (v.n.) 一瘸一拐地走，跛行(adj.) 无力的，不坚定的235.forge (v.) 伪造（某物），假冒236.insignia (n.) (表示官员或要人权利的)徽章，识别符号237.psychosis 精神病238.trauma (n.) [U] 精神创伤[C] 痛苦的经历239.strap (n.) 带子，皮带(v.) 用带子固定，捆绑240.daunt (v.) 恐吓（某人），使气馁241.reimburse (v.) 偿还，讨还reimbursement (n.)242.propel (v.)[T] 推进，推动243.grenade 手榴弹244.remodel (v.) 改变某物形状245.granite (n.)[U] 花岗岩（石）246.Brainiac 异常聪明的人247.Surreptitiously adv. 偷偷摸摸地(暗中地)248.Whisk v. 扫,迅速移动,搅拌249.Meritocracy n. 贤能政策，精英领导(制度);能者为领袖的制度250.stifling adj. 令人窒息的251.dopey adj. 被麻醉的,呆笨的,迟钝的252.genial [dʒi'naiəl] adj. 和蔼的,亲切的,友善的253.predilection [.pri:di'lekʃən] n. 偏好254.dogma ['dɔgmə] n. 教条255.relic n. 神圣的遗物,遗迹,纪念物256.eclipse [i'klips] n. 日蚀,月蚀,衰落v. 引起日蚀,引起月蚀257.frenzy ['frenzi] n. 狂暴,狂怒258.tumultuous [tju'mʌltjuəs] adj. 乱哄哄的,喧哗的259.drone [drəun] n. 雄蜂,懒惰著者,翁翁的声音v. 翁翁作声260.exuberance [ig'zju:bərəns] n. 茂盛,健康,丰富261.serenade [.seri'neid] n. 夜曲,小夜曲vt. 为...弹奏或歌唱小夜曲262.doting ['dəutiŋ] adj. 沉溺于爱的,溺爱的263.abstain [əb'stein] v. 自制,戒绝264.meddling ['medliŋ] 干涉265.rebuff [ri'bʌf] n. 断然拒绝,严厉拒绝,漠不关心v. 严厉拒266.accost [ə'kɔst] v. 招呼,搭讪267.flummox ['flʌməks] v. 使混乱,背诵出错268.reconnaissance [ri'kɔnisəns] n. 侦察,搜察,勘察队269.martian ['mɑ:ʃiən] n. 火星人adj. 火星的270.fluid ['flu(:)id] adj. 流体的,流动的n. 流体,液体271.microbial [mai'krəʊbiəl] adj. 微生物的,由细菌引起的272.array [ə'rei] n. 数组,排列,陈列,大批,一系列v. 排列,布署,打扮273.tote [təut] vt. 手提(搬运,携带,加,合计) n. 负担(装载,总数) 274.dashboard ['dæʃ.bɔ:d] n. (汽车上的)仪表盘275.bash [bæʃ] v. 怒殴n. 怒殴,猛烈的一击276.photovoltaic [.fəutəuvɔl'teiik] adj. 光电池的277.seamless ['si:mlis] 无缝的278.wean [wi:n] v. 断奶,戒掉vt. 给(婴儿)断奶279.tramp [træmp] n. 重步声,流浪者v. 践踏,重步行走280.plasma ['plæzmə] n. 等离子体(血浆,深绿玉髓)281.dilemma [di'lemə. dai-] n. 困境,进退两难282.obsolete ['ɔbsəli:t] adj. 已废弃的,过时的283.tow [təu] n. 拖,拖曳所用之绳,麻的粗纤维v. 拖,曳284.vomit ['vɔmit] v. 吐出,呕吐285.soar [sɔ:, sɔə] n. 高扬v. 往上飞舞,高耸286.clammy ['klæmi] adj. 冷湿的,冷粘的287.dehydrated adj. 脱水的288.tampon ['tæmpən] n. 棉球,止血栓,止血棉塞v. 放棉塞于289.pediatric [.pi:di'ætrik] adj. 儿科的290.eyelid ['ailid] n. 眼皮,眼睑291.flutter ['flʌtə] n. 摆动,鼓翼,烦扰v. 摆动,鼓翼,烦扰292.deflated adj. 灰心丧气的293.arteries n. 动脉294.ventilator ['ventileitə] n. 通风机,送风机,换气扇a ['kəumə] n. 昏迷296.havoc ['hævək] n. 大破坏,蹂躏297.bumpy adj. 颠簸的,崎岖不平的298.deliration [͵deliə'rei∫ən] n. 精神错乱; 神经病299.I/O Address IOA 输入输出地址300.abscissa n. 横坐标301.neuron n.神经元，神经细胞302.aerobe n. 需氧生物303.encephalitis n.脑炎304.gingivitis n.【医】（齿）龈炎305.astragalus n黄耆306.abide by sth：遵守，遵循307.retaliation(against sb/sth)(for sth)：报复308.concession:让步，妥协309.reverberation:广泛的消极影响310.asset:资产；财产311.dip into sth:提取款项；动用存款312.incentive（for/to sb/sth）(to do sth):激励；刺激；鼓励313.edifice:大厦；宏伟建筑ply（with sth）:遵从，服从，顺从315.entail:牵涉，须要，使必要316.treasury:财政部317.spur:鞭策；激励；刺激；鼓舞318.enumerate:列举；枚举319.dual:两部分的；双重的；双的320.accession:正式加入321.slump:萧条期；衰退322.acquisition：获得，得到323.disparity:不同，不等，差异，悬殊324.fringe:次要部分，外围325.rejuvenate:使年轻；使更有活力326.tariff:关税327.underlying:根本的；潜在的；隐含的328.quota：定额；限额；配额329.fledgling：无经验的组织；初出茅庐的人；新体系330.ominous:预兆的；恶兆的331.rumbling:传言；传闻；谣传332.nasty：恶意的；令人不愉快的333.emanate:产生；表现；334.haul：行程335.recession：经济衰退，经济萎缩336.soar:急升，猛增337.manic:忙乱的338.prevailing:普遍的；盛行的339.bombard:大肆抨击340.trash:抨击，谴责341.clobber:使受到严重经济损失342.sync:同步343.upgrade:使升级；提高；改进344.index:物价和工资等的指数345.digit:数位346.eternal:永久的347.kick off:开始348.contagion:蔓延349.wade in:强行加入，介入350.benchmark:基准351.culminate:告终，结束352.tumble:价格或数量暴跌，骤降353.inexorably:不可避免地354.poised:蓄势待发355.teeter on the brick:处在灾难或危险的边缘；濒临356.default:违约；不偿还债务357.stutter:艰难运转358.parity:两国货币的平价359.sluggish:傲慢的；迟缓的360.dip:下降361.exacerbate:使恶化；使加剧362.treasurer:司库，会计，出纳，财务主管363.surplus:顺差；盈余364.cut sth back:削减365.fallout:后果；余波366.rally:股票价或货币价格回升，跌后回升367.slump(by sth):骤降，猛跌，锐减368.equity:普通股369.undercut:削价竞争；以低于竞争对手的价格做生意370.niche:商机；市场定位371.deduct v. 扣除，减去。

Deepening reform and opening up 深化改革扩大开放The theory of building socialism with Chinese 建设有中国特色的社会The theory on the initial stage of socialism 社会主义初级阶段的理论Adhere to the four cardinal principles 坚持四项基本原则Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住机遇，深化改革，wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, 扩大开放，促进发展，Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist 是否有利于发展社会主义生产力Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall 是否有利于增强综合国力Whether it would be beneficial to raising people’s living 是否有利于提高人民生活水平Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社会主义公有制为主体Common development of multi-economic sectors 多种经济成分共同发展Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革发展和稳定的关系Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展Economic growth and social progress 经济增长与社会进步Strengthen the position of agriculture 加强农业的基础地位Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科学技术是第一生产力Strengthen the socialist legal system 加强社会主义法制A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理Reform ofmanagement of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革Reform of commodity circulation 商品流通体制改革Reform of social security system 社会保险制度改革Transferring the function of government 转换政府职能Introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and 引进外国的资金，先进技术和Economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海经济特区Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked 家庭联产承包责任制Narrowing the gap between the rich and poor 缩小贫富差距Coexistence of various economic composition 多种经济成分共存Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持续，快速和健康的经济发展Comprehensive development of economy 经济综合发展Strategy for economic development 经济发展战略Transform the extensive economic 粗放型经济转变为International economic integration 国际经济一体化New international economic order 国际新经济秩序Multi-polarization of world economy 世界经济多极化Macro control and micro invigoration 宏观控制与微观搞活Control of overall volume and economic restructuring 总量控制与经济结构调整Tight control on investment in fixed assets 紧缩固定资产投资控制Tight financial and monetary policy 从紧的金融货币政策Moderately tight monetary policy 适度从紧的货币政策Loosening tight monetary policy 放松紧缩的货币政策Adequate amount of the money supply 适度货币供应量Excessive amount of currency issue 过度货币发行量Balance between supply and demand 供需平衡MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED PROPERTY 国有资产管理Establish a system for the management, supervision 建立国有资产管理，监督和营运体系Reform ofmanagement of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革Clearly defining property rights, specifying rights and 产权清晰，责权明确，政企分开，responsibilities, separating ownership from daily 管理科学Regulation on the supervision and management 国有企业监督管理条例Laws and regulations on the administration of 国有资产管理法律法规Operate independently, assume sole responsibility 自主经营，自负盈亏，自我发展，for its profits and losses, seek self-development 自我约束Uphold the principle of separating the functions of 坚持政企分开的原则，转变政府Preserve and increase value and prevent losses 保值增值防止流失Prevent the drain of State-owned property 防止国有资产流失Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革Clarification of property rights 明晰产权Registration of property rights 产权登记Annual checks of the registration of property rights 产权登记年检Property rights transfer agency 产权交易机构Reform of State-Owned Enterprises 国有企业改革Step up efforts to reform State-owned enterprises 加大国有企业改革力度Readjust and reorganize State-owned enterprises to 调整改组国有企业促进资产重组promote re-arrangement of assets and raise the 提高国有经济的总体素质Concentrate on rejuvenating State-owned large 集中力量抓好国有大型企业和enterprises and enterprises groups 企业集团Develop trans-regional and inter-trade enterprise 发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团Reform, reorganization and upgrading 改革，改组和改造Re-organization, association, merger, joint 改组，联合，兼并，股份合作制partnership, leasing, contract operation 租赁，承包经营和出售Manage well large enterprises and adopt a flexible 抓好大的，放活小的Give small State-owned enterprises greater freedom 放活国有小企业Standardize bankruptcy procedures, encourage 规范破产程序，鼓励企业兼并，merging of enterprises and promote re-employment 促进再就业Allow money-losing enterprise to merger 允许亏损企业兼并或破产Dispersion of redundant employees 分流富余人员Conscientiously strengthen the operation and 切实加强企业经营管理Strengthen financial management of enterprises 强化企业财务管理Tighten control over extrabudgetary funds 加强预算外资金管理Increase capital and reduce debts through various 多渠道增资减债Strive to help enterprises eliminate losses and 抓好企业扭亏增盈Develop various modes of operation and marketing 发展多种营销方式Alleviate enterprises’ social burdens 减轻企业的社会负担By tapping the potential and upgrading the 通过挖潜改造Mechanism for selecting the superior and eliminating 优胜劣汰机制Enjoy more decision-making power 享有更多的决策权Allow employees to hold some shares 允许职工持股Give more productive enterprises the power to engage 给更多的生产企业自营出口权Protect the interests of the working class 保护工人阶级利益Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革Deepening of the reform of State-owned enterprises 深化国有企业改革Reorganization of state-owned enterprises 国有企业重组Adjustment of industrial structure 行业结构调整turned into corporate enterprises 大中型企业可转变为股份公司Smaller enterprises can become shareholding co-operatives 小企业可转变为股份合作制Readjust the asset-liability ratio of state-owned enterprises 调整国有企业资产负债比State-owned independent accounting industrial enterprises 国有独立核算企业Enlarge the right of self-management 扩大自主权Promote rational flow of property right 促进产权合理流动Reduce staff to improve efficiency 减员增效Legal person responsibility system 法人责任制Responsibility for one’s own profit and loss 自负盈亏Enterprise contract management responsibility system 企业承包责任制Unreasonable economic structure 不合理的经济结构Repeated introduction of foreign equipment and technology 外国设备和技术的重复引进Regional and departmental protectionism 地区和部门保持主义Preferential policy for bankruptcy and merger 对破产和兼并企业的优惠政策Standardize bankruptcy procedure 规范破产程序Construction of a multi-layer social security system 建立多层次的社会保障制度Re-employment of redundant workers 富余职工再就业Enterprise solely funded by the State 国有独资企业。

政治学专用词汇一画一院制Unicameral一党制国家One—party States二画人权Human rights人权宣言Declarations of the Rights of Man and the Citizen 三画工会Trade unions下议院House of Commons上议院House of Lords个人主义Individualism女权主义Feminism马列主义Marxism—Leninism马克思主义Marxism马基雅维里主义Machiavellism四画王权Crown无产阶级Proletariat无产阶级专政Dictatorship of the proletariat无政府主义Anarchism专制Despotism专制政府/绝对专制主义Absolute government/absolutism 中央与地方的关系Central/Local relations分权Separation of powers公共行政Public administration公民权利Civil rights公民自由Civil liberties五画正义Justice可审判性Justiciability平等Equality奴隶制Slavery占统治地位的党Dominant party代表Delegate代议员Representative代议制政府Representative government代表制Representation主权Sovereignty市民社会Civil society市（镇）长Major立宪主义Constitutionalism立宪政体Constitutional government立法机关Legislatures立法否决Legislative veto立法委员会Legislative committees立法起草Legislative drafting半总统制Semi-presidential systems议长Speaker议会制度Parliamentary system司法机构Judiciary司法行政官Magistrate司法审查Judicial review民主Democracy民主党Democratic Party民主集中制Democratic centralism民意测验Opinion polls六画共产党Communist Parties共和国Republic机构/制度Institution权力Power权利Rights权利法案Bill of rights权威Authority妇女选举权Women’s suffrage地方长官Prefect地方政府Local government地方政府财政Local government finance 地方政治Local politics同意Consent同意投票Approval voting团体理论Group theory邦联Confederation邦联条例Articles of Confederation自由Freedom自由党Liberal parties自由裁量权Discretion自决Self-determination自治Self-government自治领Dominion行为主义Behaviouralism行政Administration行政机关Executives行政委员会Administrative board行政法庭Administrative tribunal行政法院Administrative court州长Governor多元主义Pluralism多元社会Plural society多头制Polyarchy多数派政府Majority government多数统治Majority rule决策Decision making决策理论Decision theory农奴制Serfdom阶层/阶级Class七画麦迪逊，詹姆斯Madison,James苏格拉底Socrates极权主义Totalitarianism否决权Veto投票V oting投票率Turnout护宪Entrenchment财产权Property利益Interests利益表达与聚合Interest articulation and aggregation利益集团Interest group言论，表达和出版自由Freedom of speech,expression,and the press 社区/共同体Community社团主义Corporatism社会主义Socialism社会民主主义Social democracy社会契约论Social contract君主制Monarchy八画责任Responsibility责任政府Responsible government直接民主Direct democracy直接行动Direct action杰斐逊，托马斯Jefferson,Thomas欧洲议会European Parliament欧洲共同体European Community歧视Discrimination国际法International Law国家State国家元首Head of state国家消亡Withering away of the state国家财政危机Fiscal crisis of the state非暴力反抗Civil disobedience非暴力行为Non-violent action制定法Statute Law制衡Checks and balance委任Patronage委员会Commission质询Interpellation法Law法令Act法官Judge法治Rule of law法律的正当程序Due process of law法案，议案Bill宗教自由Freedom of religion审判Adjudication审查制度Censorship官僚制/官僚Bureaucracy实证主义Positivism九画封建主义Feudalism革命和反革命Revolution and counter-revolution政体Polity政纲platform政变Coup D’etat政府Government政府组成过程Government formation process政府首脑Head of government政府调查Public inquiry政治Politics政治义务Political obligation政治文化Political culture政治中的种族问题Race in politics政治心理学Political psychology政治发展Political development政治行动委员会（美国）Political action committee 政治行为研究Political behaviour政治地理学Political geography政治权力Political power政治局（及常务委员会）Politburo(and Pesidium) 政治沟通Political communication政治体系/政治系统Political system政治参与Political participation政治财政Political finance政治科学Political science政治社会化Political socialization政治社会学Political sociology政治学的定量方法Quantitative methods in politics 政治态度Political attitudes政治腐败Political corruption政治继承Political succession政治理论Political theory政治暴力Political violence政治影响Political influence政治整合/政治一体化Political integration政党分赃制Spoils system政党认同Party identification政党代表大会Party convention政党功能Parties,political:functions of政党组织Party organization政党核心集团Machine政党秘密会议Caucus政策分析Policy analysis政策实施Implementation政策输出研究Policy output studies城市政府City government城邦国家City state贵族/贵族制Aristocracy思想库Think tank看守政府Caretaker government选区Constituency选民登记Registration of electors选择投票Ticket-splitting选择领导Leadership selection选举Elections选举团Electoral college选举纲领Election program选举制度Electoral system选票Ballot重农主义Physiocracy重划选区Redistribution重商主义Mercantilism种族灭绝Genocide种族主义Racism种族隔离Apartheid顺从Deference保守主义Conservatism保守党Conservative parties保护主义Clientelism修正主义Revisionism独立机构Independent agency独立宣言Declaration of Independence独裁主义，权威主义Authoritarianism独裁制Autocracy帝国Empire帝国主义Imperialism美国革命American Revolution美国国会Congress美国辉格党Whig:U.S.首相（总理）/首相（总理）制政府Prime minister/Prime ministerial government 总统，总统制President/Presidential system总罢工General strike总督Governor-General派别Faction咨询和同意Advice and consent宣传Propaganda宪法Constitutional law宪法规约Convention of the constitution宪法/宪政Constitution/constitutionalism神权政治Theocracy神授王权Divine right of kings费边主义Fabianism绝对专制主义Absolutism统治阶级Ruling class统治能力Governability十画恐怖Terror恐怖主义Terrorism格劳修斯Grotius监护Tutelage监察专员Ombudsman党派首领Boss罢免Recall恩格斯Engels缺席投票Absence voting特权Prerogative特许状Charter秘密警察Secret police倒台与政权更迭Breakdown and regime change候选人选择candidate selection爱国主义Patriotism被保护国Protectorate竞争性政党制度Competitive party system竞选运动Election campaign部门Department部长，部Minister/Ministry部长会议Council of Ministers准司法Quasi-judicial准--非政府组织Quango资历制Seniority资产阶级Bourgeoisie资本主义Capitalism浮动投票人Floating vote浪漫主义Romanticism宽容Toleration家长型控制Paternalism调查委员会Select committee预算，预算编制Budget/Budgeting陪审团Jury十一画理性Rationality理性选择方法Rational choice教权主义Clericalism教会与国家Church and State基本权利Fundamental right基层党组织Primary party organization职能代表Functional representation授权立法Delegated legislation授权学说Mandate theory常设委员会Standing committee累计投票Cumulative vote唯心主义Idealism领导Leadership第二院，上议院Second chambers康德Kant混合政府Mixed government弹劾Impeachment隐私Privacy十二画殖民统治Colonial government联合，联合政府Coalition/Coalition government 联合民主Consociational democracy联合国United Nations联邦制Federalism联邦党人文集Federalist Papers联盟，联合League超载Overload超国家政府Supranational government博爱Fraternity斯大林Stalin斯宾诺莎Spinoza斯密，亚当Smith,Adam最低下限Droop quota最高行政法院Conseil d’AEtat最高法院Supreme court黑格尔Hegal辉格党与托利党Whigs and Tories 等级Estates集体主义Collectivism集体行动Collective action集体领导Collective leadership集合理论Coalition theory街区选举，集团投票Block vote普通法Common law游说Lobbying雇主组织Employer’s organization 强制性投票Compulsory voting十三画鼓励性行动Affirmative action路德，马丁Luther,Martin解散议会Dissolution of parliament 意识形态Ideology新左派New Left新右派New Right新政New deal新教政党Protestant parties福利国家Welfare state群众性政党Mass membership party 十四画僭主制/暴政Tyranny寡头制Oligarchy寡头政治铁律Iron law of oligarchy 精英，精英主义Elites,Elitism精英理论Doctrine of elites腐败选区Rotten borough弊政Maladministration熊彼特Schumpeter十五画影子内阁Shadow cabinet暴力Violence潘恩Paine十六画霍布斯Hobbes穆勒Mill激进主义Radicalism激进政党Radical parties十七画整体主义Holism辩证法Dialectic辩证唯物主义Dialectical materialism 十九画警察Police警察国家Police state。

一词多译特色政治词汇政治词汇在不同国家、地区和文化中常常存在着多种不同的翻译版本。

这种多译现象既反映了不同语言之间的差异，也体现了不同文化对政治概念的理解和表达方式的差异。

本文将探讨几个具有代表性的一词多译特色政治词汇，以展示其在语言和文化层面上的丰富多样性。

一、民主民主，作为一种政治制度和价值观念，被广泛使用且被不同国家和文化赋予了多种翻译版本。

例如，在英文中，民主常被翻译为"democracy"。

在汉语中，民主也可以翻译为"democracy"，但更常见的翻译是"people's rule"或"people's power"。

这种差异反映了不同语言对民主概念以及它所涵盖的权力与参与的理解。

二、社会主义社会主义是指一种以公有制为经济基础，追求社会公平与人民解放的政治理念。

不同国家和地区对社会主义的翻译也存在差异。

在中国，社会主义常被翻译为"socialism"，与英文中的翻译一致。

在俄罗斯，则被翻译为"социализм"。

这种差异既反映了不同语言对社会主义概念的表达方式，也反映了不同文化对其理解的差异。

三、独裁独裁是指一种由个人或少数人掌握权力、对社会进行专制统治的政体。

独裁的翻译也存在多种版本。

在英文中，独裁常被翻译为"dictatorship"。

在汉语中，独裁也可以翻译为"dictatorship"，但更常见的翻译是"autocracy"或"tyranny"。

这种差异反映了不同语言对独裁概念的表述方式，同时也反映了不同文化对独裁现象的理解和态度。

四、反腐败反腐败是指一种针对腐败现象的行动与政策。

在不同文化中，对反腐败的翻译也存在差异。

在英文中，反腐败常被翻译为"anti-corruption"，而在汉语中，反腐败则可以翻译为"anti-corruption"，或者更通俗的翻译为"fight against corruption"。

1．经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy2．人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长 the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people's living standard3．先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology4．面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges5．人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that…6．社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development7．引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention8．不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…9．热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate10．有争议性的问题 a controversial issue11．完全不同的观点 a totally different argument12．一些人…而另外一些人… Some people… while others…13．就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally14．就…达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on…15．有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons16．双方的论点 argument on both sides17．发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in…18．对…必不可少 be indispensable to …19．正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes:20．…也不例外…be no exception21．对…产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on…22．利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.23．导致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in24．复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon25．责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement26．竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation27．开阔眼界 widen one's horizon/ broaden one's vision28．学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills29．经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden30．考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration31．从另一个角度 from another perspective32．做出共同努力 make joint efforts33．对…有益 be beneficial / conducive to…34．为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society35．打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for…36．综合素质 comprehensive quality37．无可非议 blameless / beyond reproach39．致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to…40．应当承认 Admittedly41．不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty42．满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of…43．可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information44．宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources45．因特网 the Internet （一定要由冠词，字母I 大写）46．方便快捷 convenient and efficient47．在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life48．环保（的） environmental protection / environmentally friendly49．社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress50．科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology 51．对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue52．支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in favor of the former/ latter opinion 53．有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence54．在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way55．理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice56．…必然趋势 an irresistible trend of…57．日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition58．眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest59．长远利益. interest in the long run60．…有其自身的优缺点… has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages 61．扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones62．取其精髓，取其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs.第一部分政治类One Country, Two Systems 一国两制One China, One Taiwan 一中一台Two Chinas 两个中国Three Direct Links (Mail, Air and Shipping Services and Trade) （两岸）直接三通23 Million Taiwan Compatriots 两千三百万台湾同胞Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC) 两会（人大，政协）Three Represents 三个代表the Important Thought of Three Represents 三个代表重要思想Woman Pace-Setter 三八红旗手the Three Major Historical Tasks 三大历史任务the Seven-Year Program to Help 80 Million People Out of Poverty "八七"扶贫攻坚计划the Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2006-2010) "十一五"计划the 17th central committee of the communist party of China (CPC) 第十七届中央委员会 17th Party Congress 十七大the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee 十一届三中全会South-South Cooperation 南南合作North-South Dialog 南北对话Taiwan Independence 台独"Bring In" and "Going Out" "引进来"和"走出去"政策patriotic democratic personages 爱国民主人士patriotic united front 爱国统一战线patriotism 爱国主义精神live and work in peace and contentment 安居乐业an enterprising spirit 昂扬向上的精神状态our compatriots in the Macao SAR (Special Administrative Region) 澳门特别行政区同胞hegemonism 霸权主义a hundred flowers blossom 百花齐放creativity, cohesion and fighting capacity 创造力、凝聚力和战斗力system of resignation 辞职制proceed from our national conditions 从我国国情出发promote common development 促进共同发展promote all-round social progress 促进社会全面进步assuming heavy responsibilities 担当重任the contemporary era 当代masters of the country当家作主the wish to be the masters of our country 当家作主的愿望congress of party representatives 党代会backbone of the party 党的骨干力量the party's basic theory, line and program 党的基本理论、路线和纲领party building 党的建设party's progressiveness 党的先进性the destiny of the party and state 党和国家前途命运the cause of the party and state 党和国家事业Deng Xiaoping theory 邓小平理论the demise of comrade Deng Xiaoping 邓小平同志逝世the sixth place 第六位the primary productive force 第一生产力E-government 电子政务mobilize the initiative 调动积极性equal political entities 对等的政治实体erroneous and dogmatic interpretation of Marxism 对马克思主义的错误和教条式的理解multi-tiered 多层次multiparty cooperation 多党合作diversify 多元化pluralistic society多元社会diverse forces 多种力量duplicate law enforcement 多重多头执法awareness of law 法制观念a country with an adequate legal system 法制国家a country under the rule of law 法治国家prosperity, stability and development 繁荣、稳定和发展。

政府部门常见英语词汇The people's Republic of China (P. R. China) 中华人民共和国Province (Hebei Province) 省Prefecture (Cangzhou Prefecture) 区Municipality (Beijing Municipality) 市City (Cangzhou City) 市County (Cangxian County) 县Autonomous 自治(Autonomous District [ Prefecture/ County]) Capital (Provincial Capital) 省会Communist Party of China 中国共产党National Party Congress 全国代表大会Fifteenth National Congress 第十五次全国代表大会(十五大)First Plenary Session 第一届中央全会(一中全会)Central Committee 中央委员会member of the Central Committee 中央委员alternate member of the Central Committee 候补中央委员Political Bureau 政治局member of the Political Bureau 政治局委员alternate member of the Political Bureau 政治局候补委员Standing Committee of the Political Bureau 政治局常务委员会member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau 政治局常委Secretariat of the Central Committee 中央书记处General Secretary 总书记Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 中央纪律检查委员会Military Commission of the Central Committee 中央军事委员会International Liaison Department 对外联络部Organization Department 组织部United Front Work Department 统战部Propaganda Department 宣传部State President 国家主席President of PRC 中华人民共和国主席Vice President of PRC 中华人民共和国副主席National People's Congress 全国人民代表大会Standing Committee 常务委员会Chairman 委员长Vice Chairpersons 副委员长Members of the NPC Standing Committee 常务委员会委员Central Military Committee 中央军事委员会Chairman 主席Vice Chairman 副主席CMC Members 委员Supreme People's Court 最高人民法院President 最高人民法院院长Supreme People's Procuratorate 最高人民检察院Procurator-General 最高人民检察院检察长State Council 国务院Premier 总理Vice Premier 副总理State Councillors 国务委员Ministry of Foreign Affairs 外交部Ministry of National Defense 国防部State Development Planning Commission 国家发展计划委员会State Economic and Trade Commission 国家经济贸易委员会Ministry of Education 教育部Ministry of Science and Technology 科学技术部Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense 国防科学技术工业委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission 国家民族事务委员会Ministry of Public Security 公安部Ministry of State Security 安全部Ministry of Supervision 监察部Ministry of Civil Affairs 民政部Ministry of Justice 司法部Ministry of Finance 财政部Ministry of Personnel 人事部Ministry of Labor and Social Security 劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Land and Natural Resources 国土资源部Ministry of Construction 建设部Ministry of Railways 铁道部Ministry of Communications 交通部Ministry of Information Technology and Telecommunications 信息产业部Ministry of Water Resources 水利部Ministry of Agriculture 农业部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Co-operation 对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Culture 文化部Ministry of Health 卫生部State Family Planning Commission 国家计划生育委员会People's Bank of China 中国人民银行Auditing Administration 审计署Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference 中国人民政治协商会议National Committee 全国委员会Standing Committee 常务委员会Chairman 主席Vice-Chairpersons 副主席democratic party 民主党派Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang 中国国民党革命委员会（民革）China Democratic League 中国民主同盟（民盟）China Democratic National Construction Association 中国民主建国会（民建）China Association Promoting Democracy 中国民主促进会（民进）Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party 中国农工民主党China Zhi Gong Dang 中国致公党Jiu San Society 九三学社Taiwan Democratic self-government 台湾民主自治同盟（台盟）Chinese People's Liberation Army 中国人民解放军Headquarters of the General Staff 总参谋部General Political Department 总政治部General Logistics Department 总后勤部General Armament Department 总装备部中国人民团体名称中英对照People’s Organizations of China中国人民团体测绘学会Society of Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography地震学会Seismological Society国际金融学会International Finance Society国际战略问题学会Institute for International Strategic Studies海洋学会Society of Oceanography科普学会Popular Science Society全国少年儿童文化艺术委员会Nat’l Council on Cultural and Art Work for Children 全国少年儿童工作协调委员会Nat’l Children’s Work Coordination Committee全国史学会China Society of History宋庆龄基金会Song Ching Ling Foundation中国奥林匹克委员会Chinese Olympic Committee中国笔会中心Chinese Pen Centre中国标准化协会China Association for Standardization中国残疾人福利基金会China Welfare Fund for the Handicapped中国出版协会Chinese Publishers Association中国道教协会Chinese Taoist Association中国电视艺术家协会Chinese Television Artists Association中国电影家协会China Film Association中国法律质询中心Chinese Legal Consultancy Centre中国法律会China Law Society中国翻译工作者协会Translators Association of China中国佛教协会Chinese Buddhists Association中国福利会China Welfare Institute中国歌剧研究会Chinese Opera Research Institute中国共产主义青年团Communist Y outh League of China中国国际法学会Chinese Society of International Law中国国际交流协会Association for Int’l Understanding of China中国红十字会总会Red Cross Society of China中国会计学会China Accounting Society中国基督教“三自”爱国运动委员会Three-Self Patriotic Movement Committee of the Protestant Churches of China中国基督教协会China Christian Council中国计量测试学会Chinese Society for Measurement中国金融学会Chinese Monetary Society中国考古协会Archaeological Society of China中国科学技术史学会Chinese Society of Science and Technology History中国科学技术协会China Society and Technology Association中国联合国教科文组织全国委员会Nat’l Commission of The People’s Republic of China for UNESCO中国联合国协会United Nations Association of the People’s Republic of China中国美术家协会Chinese Artists Association中国民间文艺家协会China Society for the Study of Folk Literature and Art中国企业管理协会China Enterprise Management Association中国曲艺家协会Chinese Ballad Singers Association中国人民保卫儿童基金会Chinese People’s National Committee for Defence of Children中国人民对外友好协会Chinese People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries 中国少年儿童基金会Children’s Foundation of China中国少年先锋队China Y oung Pioneers中国摄影家协会Chinese Photographers Society中国书法家协会Chinese Calligraphers Association中国天主教爱国会Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association中国天主教教务委员会Nat’l Administrative Commission of the Chinese Catholic Church中国天主教主教团Chinese Catholic Bishops College中国文学艺术界联合会China Federation of Literary and Art Circles中国舞蹈家协会Chinese Dancers Association中国戏剧家协会Chinese Dramatists Association中国伊斯兰教协会Chinese Islamic Association中国音乐家协会Chinese Musicians Association中国杂技艺术家协会Chinese Acrobats Association中国政法学会China Society of Political Science and Law中国作家协会Chinese Writers Association中化全国妇女联合会All-China Women’s Federation中华全国工商联合会All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce中华全国归国华侨联合会All-China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese中华全国青年联合会All-China Y outh Federation中华全国世界语联合会All-China Esperanto League中华全国台湾同胞联谊会All-China Federation of Taiwan Compatriots 中华全国体育总会All-China Sports Federation中华全国新闻工作者协会All-China Journalists’Association中华全国总工会All-China Federation of Trade Unions中华医学会Chinese Medical Association。

中国时政术语标准英译《中国时政术语标准英译》As China continues to play an increasingly important role in global politics, there is a growing demand for accurate translations of Chinese political terminology. The accurate translation of these terms is crucial for international communication and understanding of China's political system and policies.In response to this need, the Chinese government has established a set of standard English translations for key political terms. These translations are intended to provide a clear and consistent understanding of Chinese political concepts and to promote effective communication with the international community.The standard English translations cover a wide range of political terms, including those related to government, law, economics, and international relations. For example, "人民代表大会" is translated as "National People's Congress", "政府工作报告" is translated as "Government Work Report", and "四项基本原则" is translated as "Four Cardinal Principles".These standard translations are used in official documents, speeches, and communications with foreign governments and organizations. They have been widely adopted by international media and academic institutions as well.The establishment of standard English translations for Chinese political terms represents a significant step towards promoting greater understanding and cooperation between China and the rest of the world. By providing clear and accurate translations, the Chinese government is helping to ensure that international communication about Chinese politics is based on a common understanding of key concepts and principles.In conclusion, the standard English translations of Chinese political terms are an important tool for promoting effective communication and understanding between China and the international community. By providing clear and accurate translations, these standards help to facilitate international cooperation and dialogue on key political issues.。

全国人民代表大会National People's Congress (NPC)主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing Committee办公厅General Office秘书处Secretariat代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee法律委员会Law Committee财政经济委员会Finance and Economy Committee外事委员会Foreign Affairs Committee教育、科学、文化和卫生委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee法制工作委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs特定问题调查委员会Commission of Inquiry into Specific Questions宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution2、中华人民共和国主席President of the People's Republic of China3、中央军事委员会Central Military Commission4、最高人民法院Supreme People's Court5、最高人民检察院Supreme People's Procuratorate6、国务院State Council(1)国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Defence国家发展和改革委员会National Development and Reform Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology国防科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National De-fence国家民族事物委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部Ministry of Public Security国家安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources建设部Ministry of Construction铁道部Ministry of Railways交通部Ministry of Communications信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行People's Bank of China国家审计署State Auditing Administration(2)国务院办事机构Offices under the State Council国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council侨务办公室Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs港澳台办公室Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office台湾事物办公室Taiwan Affairs Office法制办公室Office of Legislative Affairs经济体制改革办公室Office for Economic Restructuring 国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council新闻办公室Information Office10、新闻出版News media总编辑Editor-in-chief高级编辑Full Senior Editor主任编辑Associate Senior Editor编辑Editor助理编辑Assistant Editor高级记者Full Senior Reporter主任记者Associate Senior Reporter记者Reporter助理记者Assistant Reporter编审Professor of Editorship编辑Editor助理编辑Assistant Editor技术编辑Technical Editor技术设计员Technical Designer校对Proofreader11、翻译Translation译审Professor of Translation翻译Translator/Interpreter助理翻译Assistant Translator/Interpreter电台/电视台台长Radio/TV Station Controller播音指导Director of Announcing主任播音员Chief Announcer播音员Announcer电视主持人TV Presenter电台节目主持人Disk Jockey12、工艺、美术、电影Arts,crafts and movies导演Director演员Actor画师Painter指挥Conductor编导Scenarist录音师Sound Engineer舞蹈编剧Choreographer 美术师Artist制片人Producer剪辑导演Montage Director 配音演员Dabber摄影师Cameraman化装师Make-up Artist舞台监督Stage。

当前常用政治术语的英文翻译作者：gaojiaqu…文章来源：本站原创点击数：102 更新时间：2005-11-30马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、江泽民“三个代表”重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Ma o Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Represent’s” important Thou ght新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program o f ourParty in the primary stage of socialism改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Co mmunistParty of China马克思主义政党Marxist political Party党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Commit tee of the first (second\third)generation人民民主专政the people’s democratic dictatorship国民经济体系national economic system综合国力aggregate national strength国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the sp ecific situation in China加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力streng then and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat c apability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。