生命是永恒不断的创造，因为在它内部蕴含着过剩的精力，它不断流溢，越出时间和空间的界限，它不停地追求，以形形色色的自我表现的形式表现出来。
－－泰戈尔
托福千条必备习语210-300
1. become of
To be the fate of; happen to
The driver returned the next spring to see what had become of his cargo.
2. believe it or not
Is that math course really as hard as everybody says?
Worse, believe it or not信不信由你.
3. benefit from
受益
Three developments in United States higher education that you are benefiting
from today started more than a century ago following the civil war.
4. beyond sb
令人不解
Why he’s so ir responsible is beyond me
5. big sale
大减价
Did you go to the big sale at Spencer’s店名yesterday?
6. blend with
Since flounders have markings that blend with their surroundings. 7. be in bloom
The gardens are all in bloom.
with the flowers fully open.
8. boil down to
表明,归结为
They said the train won’t arrive until nine.
Well, what that boils down to is yet another hour’s delay in our schedule.
9. book up
W: I think I’ll take my mother to that French restaurant on Main Street for
her birthday.
M: I hope it’s not a ny time soon. They are usually booked up weeks in advance.
10. border on
相邻于,近似于
Biologists long regarded it as an example of adaptation by natural selection,
but for physicists it bordered on the miraculous.
11. bother with
为...而费心, 以...而烦扰
Don’t bother w ith sleeping pills安眠药. They can actually cause worse insomnia later.
12. bounce about
到处跳
Bacteria often bounce about in the water.
13. break away from
As glaciers reach the sea, huge chunks of ice break away from them.
14. break down sth into sth
To decompose or cause to decompose chemically
从化学上分解
You also break down the oil into droplets minute enough to remain temporarily
suspended in the vinegar.
15. break down
坏
Registration ought to be easier than ever this year. Unless the computer
breaks down.
16. break even
打成平局, 不盈不亏, 得失相当
W: I’m worried about my jewelry business. I really thought I’d do better.
M: At least you broke even.
17. break in
To loosen or soften with use
The walk-a-thon(竞走) sounds like a perfect opportunity for me to break in my
new pair of sports shoes.
18. break off
To separate or become separated, as by twisting or tearing.
To stop suddenly, as in speaking.
To discontinue (a relationship).
To cease to be friendly.
19. break one’s word
She won’t break her word (食言).
20. break out of sth
挣脱出来
The new university broke completely out of the old, constricted狭窄的curriculum
课程.
21. break out
To develop suddenly and forcefully
The war chief led the men in fighting during occasional conflicts that broke
out with neighboring villages.
22. break up
To bring or come to an end
Could a few discontented individuals arbitrarily break up the government and
put an end to free government on earth?
23. break up
To separate into pieces
When comets collide with the atmosphere, they break up.
24. bring about
引起,导致,产生
Christopher, inventor of the typewriter, was gratified to witness the social
revolution brought about by his invention
25. bring forth
To give rise to; produce
plants bringing forth fruit.
26. bring on
To cause to appear
brought on the dessert.
27. bring sb up to date on
I’ll try to bring you up to date on (帮你赶上) what we’ve done.
28. bring an end to
使…结束
Progress quickly brought an end to (使…结束) the cowhand era. 29. brush away
刷去,扫除,拒绝考虑
Satires 讽刺文学brush away illusions and secondhand opinions with commonsense
briskness.
30. build out
Animals usually prepare for hibernation by eating large amounts of food to
build out stored fat in their bodies.
31. build up
To develop or increase in stages or by degrees
Building up your computer skills is a good preparation for lots of jobs.
32. bump into
strike, collide, meet unexpectedly
I often bump into him at the supermarket.
33. bump into
撞
You know my car hasn’t been the same since I bumped into that telephone pole
(电话亭).
34. bunch up
聚成一团
When muscle tissue shortens, it also bunches up.
35. By 1863 the Northern war economy was rumbling轰鸣along in high gear.
36. by contrast
By contrast, a popular culture is a large heterogeneous group, often highly
individualistic and constantly changing.
37. by far
To the most extreme or evident degree
One of the largest in the world, the pipeline is by far the biggest and most
expensive construction project ever undertaken by private industry.
38. by leaps and bounds
Very quickly
Your little nephew (侄儿) is growing by leaps and bounds.
39. by means of
With the use of; owing to
By means of this invention, messages could be sent between moving trains, and
from a moving train to a railroad station and back.
40. call for
To require; demand
The partner calls for resource-managing agencies to work together.
41. call it a day
Now that we’ve gone through all the numbers on our list now, I guess we can
call it a day.
42. call off
cancel
I was told tomorrow’s meeting has been called off.
43. call upon
To order; require
Sometimes muscles are called upon to do more than simply pull in one direction.
44. came into its own
被人认识.
First 初期的settlers from the eastern United States arrived in what is now
Texas that the cowhand phenomenon 现象really came into its own.
45. care for
Care for some more dessert? There is plenty of cake left.
46. carry on
To conduct; maintain
I don’t kno w whether I should time计时my speech now or keep on revising my
notes. What do you think?
I’d carry on with what you’re doing.
47. carry sth to the extreme
推向极端
If this is carried to the extreme, white crystals晶体of salt would be left
behind.
48. carry weight
有分量.
If more people join us, that would carry more weight.
49. cast off
remove, drop
The sea cucumber海参also casts off attached structures such as tentacles(动物)
触须.
50. cast up
被抛弃
Dickinson, whose group of Quakers教友派信徒was cast up on the coast.
51. catch my breath
喘气.
I can’t even climb the stairs without having to stop and catch my breath.
52. catch on
become popular; prevail
Skateboarding caught on quickly.
53. catch on
To understand; perceive
M: I’m thinking of dropping (放弃) my swimming class. I am just not catching
on (不得要领).
54. catch up on
弥补, 得到.的消息
I just hope I can catch up on all the work I’ve missed.
55. cater to
To attend to the wants or needs of
Moreover, as colleges ceased停止to cater to candidates待录取的学生for the
religious ministry牧师职位.
56. change of pace
What a change of pace (步速)!
57. check on
I’m calling to check on the status状况of my TV.
58. check out
M: I think I’ll add that information to my paper.
M: You really should check it out (核对) in a reference book.
59. check out sth
To withdraw (an item) after recording the withdrawal
It seems to me I’ve seen that dark-haired man before.
Sure you have, he checked out our books at the circulation desk 流通部柜台
yesterday.
60. check with
ask
M: Do you know anyone who has a spare bookshelf?
W: Have you checked with Marsha?
61. check with
The woman should check with the school.
62. cheer sb up
vt.高兴起来,振作起来
Why don’t we go see a movie tonight? A good comedy (戏剧) might cheer you up.
63. clean out
clean the inside of sth thoroughly
64. clean out
一扫而光
Well, you cleaned out the refrigerator this time. You must have been really
hungry.
65. clean sb out
To deprive completely of money or material wealth
The robbery cleaned us out.
66. clear off sth
清理
Let’s get this desk in order.
Yes, it’s about time we cleared it off.
67. clear up
To become clear
It’s been pouring for three days now. If it doesn’t clear up, I’ll just
have to forget about going to the beach.
68. clear out of
清理出
You must also make sure that all of your personal property财产has been
cleared out of your room.
69. cling to
To hold fast or adhere to something, as by grasping, sticking, embracing, or
entwining
Rubbing a glass rod with silk will cause small pieces of dries paper to jump
to the rod and cling to it.
70. close down
stop functioning or operating; shut down
71. close in
To seem to be gathering in on all sides
The problems closed in.
72. coincide with
vt.符合,一致于,与...重合
The study area usually coincides with a natural physiographic region.
73. collide with
To come together with violent, direct impact
Bacteria collide with the water molecules and are pushed this way and that
(way).
74. come across
To meet or find by chance
I happened to be looking through some of my roommate’s science magazines and
I came across an article on phrenology (颅相学).
75. come along
make progress; grow; improve
Things are coming along fine.
To show up; appear
But he never wants to come along (出现), does he?
To go with someone else
I’ve got two tickets to today’s game. Do you want to come along?
进行
How’s your paper coming along?
76. come back
To return to or regain past success after a period of misfortune 77. come down with
To become sick with (an illness)
Every year around the holidays, like clockwork有规则地, I’ll come down with
something.
78. come in handy
That extra money will really come in handy管用.
79. come in
Sea cucumbers come in a variety of colors.
80. come into existence
开始存在, 成立
The relative location of a city occasionally change during the course of human
history as civilizations crumble瓦解；灭亡or come into existence. 81. come into sth
He came into conflict with railroad owners.
82. come into use
Before barbed wire came into general use, fencing was often made from serrated.
83. come out ahead of sb
Trains come out ahead of trucks on environmental grounds (理由).
84. come out
M: How clumsy of me! And all of your white table cloth.
W: Hey, it will come out with soap and water.
85. come right out
直接了当说出来
Did you ever think of just coming right out and asking her?
86. come to a close
end up
By the end of the 19th century, the era of Jefferson’s independent farmer had
come to a close.
87. come to
渐渐
Finally people simply forgot about it and that’s how it came to be lost. They came to perceive the war as a kind of democratic crusade against southern
society.
88. come up with
提出
You know, last year my department did a survey (调查) and they found out that
80% of all psychology majors were employed. That’s why they came up with the
program.
I’m going to be up all night trying to come up with something by
tomorrow.
No one has come up with a good name for the stadium yet.
No one has come up with想出，提出a good name for the stadium yet.
89. come up
appear unexpectedly
M: Last Monday when I was at Dr. Smith’s office, I spent over an hour in the
waiting room.
W: Really? Something must’ve come up t hat day.
come close
W: I am way (= far) behind my letter writing. I’ve got to get started. M: Who’s got time to write letters. Exams are coming up, remember?
90. commit oneself to
致力于
Cather had committed herself to the high calling of art at least twenty years
before she achieved success!
91. common sight
常见的景物
Sun-bronzed晒成铜色的boys in their weather-beaten饱经风霜的clothes were a
common sight常见的景物in New England
92. compare to
比作
In fact researching the deep ocean has been compared to flying an airplane
overland, throwing down the net (撒网), and seeing what you get. 93. confer sth upon sb
To bestow (an honor)
Americans could more easily confer upon machinery a status and function
similar to that of the fine arts.
94. consider sb sth
Jackson Pollock’s art has been considered the pivotal manifestation of Abstract Expressionism
95. considering
鉴于,考虑到,顾及
W: I’m sorry I forgot to return your physics book last night.
M: I’ll forgive you, considering (=since) the test isn’t until Friday. 96. contrast with
To show differences when compared
a color that contrasted clearly with the dark background.
97. contribute handsomely to
作出可观的贡献
They contributed handsomely to the progress of aviation.
98. contribute to
导致
You may also have some bad habits that contribute to the problem.
99. converge upon
合力于
Procedures and traditions can contain conflict冲突and channel疏导the
political energies that converge upon the lawmaking process. 100. convert A into B
Solar cells convert sunlight direct into electricity.
《新托福》课程教学大纲 课程编号： 课程名称：硕士英语(新托福听说读写) 课程英文名称：Insights to IBT TOEFL 课程学分：3分 课内学时：48学时 课程类别：必修 课程性质：学位课 授课方式：讲授 考核方式：口试、笔试、闭卷 一、课程的性质、任务与基本要求 （一）性质与任务 《新托福》课程是研究生第一学期的一门必修课程。此课程涵盖托福听力、托福口语、托福阅读和托福写作，对考试内容、提问方式、解题方法和考试技巧进行逐一的讲解和全面的介绍，并且提供模拟试题，以帮助学习对托福考试的形式、要求、难度等有一个全面的了解，提高使用英语的能力。 （二）基本要求 本课程终结时，学生应达到如下要求： 1、托福听力：托福听力考试的材料类型和题目形式，听具体信息活细节，听总体内容或大意，听暗示内容，听作者观点或态度，听总体结构和其标志词的技巧； 2、托福口语：托福口语考试的题目形式，口语流利技巧，产生参与和扩大谈话的愿望，阐述个人感受，如何简答，话题深入讨论； 3、托福阅读：托福阅读的材料内省和题目形式，快读/浏览获取具体信息，识别论点与论证，整体阅读段落大意，中心思想，意义重述，区分观点与事实的技巧；
4、托福写作：托福学术写作的题目形式，审题、收集素材、构思、提出观点、让步、评价和反驳、定义与解释、主题句与论证、前后一致、难句写作等。 二、主要教学内容及教学要求 THE LISTENING MODULE Unit1Introduction 主要教学内容 1、General information 2、Listening Test Format 3、Questions Type 教学要求 要求同学们掌握托福听力的基本技巧，熟悉托福听力的基本构成与题目类型。 Unit2Listening Strategies and Skills 主要教学内容 1、Listening for specific information 2、Identifying detail 3、Identifying main ideas 4、Seeing beyond the surface meaning 5、Following signpost words 6、Being aware of stress,rhythm and intonation 教学要求 要求同学们掌握托福听力的基本技巧，能够掌握听力基本技能并提高英语的运用技能。 Unit3IBT Listening Sample Tests 主要教学内容 1、Sample tests 教学要求 要求同学们能够将所学习的托福听力技巧应用到实践中。 THE SPEAKING MODULE Unit1Introduction 主要教学内容 1.General information 2.Speaking Test Format
托福96年10月－97年8月阅读文章词汇选择及参阅 一、听力场景 （一）娱乐场景 1音乐会 －永远好听 －喜欢classical music, 不喜欢Rock&Roll －去不了因为要学习 －提前买票 2剧院演出 －有票没票 －座位是否调换 ＊在卖on sale；卖完了be sold out ＊正前方的位置orchestra section；楼座balcony 3美术馆 －喜欢去且最好是modern art ＊油画oils；版画prints；水彩画water color；壁画fresco；素描sketch；肖像画portrait；山水画 landscape 4电影 －不好看，不值money ＊It was hardly worth the wait price of admission 5买东西 －买什么:invest in, stock up on, 以旧换新trade it in,分期付款pay by installment, 头期款 down payment,卖东西cash in on sth. －买没买（注意虚拟语气）,退货refund，预付in advance/deposit －喜欢便宜货: on sale; good bargain/deal/price/buy; discount; %off ＊东西巨贵cost you an arm and a leg, cost sb dearly, dear sth, make a fortune,cost a bundle
＊价钱公道fair, reasonable, affordable, acceptable. 6养花种草 －花草长势 －阳光水份: sunlight; water regularly －摆哪儿合适：窗前sunlight；角落里shade 7照相 －效果:模糊blurry －用光，胶卷:闪光灯flash, 焦距focus, out of focus, adjust the focus, 照相shot, a roll of film, 冲卷develop, 放大enlarge 8邮局 －不满意：It took forever to arrive. 9外出吃饭(go out for lunch, dine out) －上哪儿吃：一角dime, 五分nickel, 1分penny, 分cent －爱尝鲜appetizer开胃物，打包酒菜carryout,腌制souse, －喜欢安静：prefer a quiet place －谁请客：我请客This is my treat; Let me treat you; Let me pick up the bill. Foot the bill AA制：go fifty fifty, Let's spit the check, two bills －点错菜：order，菜单recipe *侍者常用语：①Bring the menu-are you ready to order now? ②take your order-I'll be with you in a moment③recommend sth-specialty特色④serve food- I'll take care of it. I'll see to it. 10贪吃场景 －吃完：eat up, clean out, empty, go out. －谁打扫:残羹冷炙leftover *饭量小eat like a bird, 饭量大eat like a horse, 酒量大drink like a fish, 能睡sleep like a log, 能抽烟smoke like a chimney 11吃
托福口语喜好类话题必备词汇及常见题目 在托福考试中，有这样一类很口语话题会经常出现。而且，在日常的聊天中也会经常用到。它们就是——喜好类话题 ! Which of the following types of book you do not enjoy, science fiction, biography, or romantic book? Explain why you do not enjoy it. 话题简介： 小伙伴们开心地在家度过了寒假，也和家人一起过了春节和元宵节。那么，接下来，等待我的便是学校了。有些童鞋想快点儿回到学校和自己的小伙伴们玩耍，聊天。 有些童鞋觉得假期还没有享受够，还想和家人在一起，不想回学校。但是，有些事是我们不想做又必须做的。所以，我们还是应该积极面对这些事情。那么，开学在即，你准备好了吗 ? 必备词汇： register登记、报到 compulsory course 必修课 optional course 选修课 credit 学分 scholarship奖学金 school uniform校服 military training 军训 curriculum schedule 课程表 department 系
major 专业 be interested in对有兴趣 be keen on热衷于 take a pleasure in 以... 乐; 喜爱 have a fancy for 看上，入迷 take enjoyment in喜爱，享受;从获得乐趣 have a mark on喜爱，爱好 repugnant讨厌的 disagreeable 不愉快的 ; 厌恶的 disgusting令人厌恶的 detest 厌恶; 憎恨 Want/ Enjoy/ Like/ Dislike 1.Describe time when you are asked to do something you do not want to do, and what happened as a result. 2.Talk about a thing you always wanted to do but didn ’t have time to yet. Explain why you want to do it, give examples and details in your explanation. 3.Describe a job you have done in the past or a job pecific you’d like to do in the future. Please include s details in your answer. 4.If you could study a subject that you have never had the opportunity to study what would youchoose? Explain your choice using specific reasons and details.
刚刚在上周末结束的托福考试中，听力成功霸占了热搜。 很多考生都反映听力太难了，本身想靠听力carry总分，结果先栽倒在听力上了。 对于打算考托福和备战托福的考生来说，听力轻松拿高分的日子已经一去不返。 托福听力改革 即将在8月份实施的托福新政里，听力的题目得到了精简。取消了一个lecture的部分，由原先的4段讲座（加试6段）变为3段（加试4段），每个部分的题目数量不变。 但是时间由原来的60分钟，遇到加试90分钟，下调至41分钟，遇到加试57分钟。原本1段讲座平均有10分钟的答题时间，时间却减少了整整将近20分钟。答题时间变得紧凑，每道题目分值增加，这就无形中增加了听力难度。 在最新版的TPO样题中，我们可以一瞥改革后的听力题型。正如改革的政策提到的，删减了一道讲座题，总题目数将至28道，平均托福听力每道做题时间由1.76分钟变为1.4分钟。 托福听力话题类型
托福听力部分包2个对话(conversation)和4段演讲(包括教室对话在内的lecture)。 每个对话涉及2个或2个以上的说话者，每个对话是2至3分钟，每个对话对应5道试题。对话都是大学校园中的非学术类场景，首个场景出现在学校办公室里。对话也许会牵涉学术内容又或是和课程要求有关。第二个场景介绍人有关学生服务的对话。 每段演讲对应6道试题。每个演讲是4至6分钟。讲座通常都是来源在老师的课堂授课。讲座也许是从教授的讲课内容，或者是学生的提问，还或者是师向学生提问并且请一位学生回答里摘录的。 托福听力题目类型 新托福听力里的大多数题目，不论是对话还是讲座，全部是用传统的四选一的选择题为主。根据《The Official Guide To The New TOEFL》即托福考试官方指南(OG)的介绍，新托福考试听力部分有八种题型，可分为以下三类： 1.内容主旨题 理解讲座或对话的主旨大意，或者对话目的。常见的提问方式有以下几种： What is the main idea of this lecture? What are the two speakers talking about? Why does the student go to see his professor? 2.判断题 是非判断题也是托福考试改革后出现的较为新颖的题型，一般是列出很多与录音材料中所提及的内容较为相似的句子，让考生辨別究竟哪些是录音材料中提到的。 以下例题是其常见的出题方式： The professor discusses how an animal becomes a fossil after its death. Indicate whether each sentence below is a step in the process. 3.细节题 听懂并记住讲座或对话中明晰的细节或事实，比如时间、数字、举例内容等。常见提问形式有: 1. What is X? 2. Which of the area does the picture illustrate?
新托福口语难点及练习技巧解析 新托福口语难不难?难!很多托福考生整体成绩不高的一大 原因就是口语成绩拖了后腿。下面就和大家分享新托福口语难点及练习技巧解析，希望能帮助大家，来欣赏一下吧。 新托福口语难点及练习技巧解析 一. 新托福口语难点解析 新托福口语考试中不仅需要大家口语表达流利，还需要准备一些答题的素材，避免答案空洞无物。接下来，我们来具体分析一下新托福口语的难点。 1. 思考时间短，答题时间长 托福独立口语的思考时间仅有15秒，综合口语思考时间仅30秒。这么短的时间内组织出完整的答案非常困难。托福独立口语的答题时间为45秒，综合口语的答题时间为60秒，看似时间不长，但其实要45秒钟或60秒钟不停顿不磕巴地答完题并非易事。我们可以试着用中文回答托福考试中的问题，你会发现，即便是用中文，也会偶会停顿不连贯。所以不要小看45秒的答题时间，平时要做大量练习才能答好题目 2. 听力和速记能力
托福口语考试中综合口语考题需要大家听懂听力材料并且 能够记下要点。托福口语试题中不仅考察大家的口语表达能力，还要考察大家的英语听力能力和速记能力。这两点也是托福口语中的难点，大家只要把托福听力练好，做口语速记应该问题不大，归纳和复述能力则需要平时多加练习。另外，速记的时候一定要记下听力中的细节确保复述时不遗漏。 二. 新托福口语练习技巧 我们对托福口语的难点进行分析后，接下来我们要讨论一下，平时练习中如何练好托福口语。托福口语的练习应该首先从基础上做提升，把握英语答题时的节奏感，让自己的英语表达听起来很地道，然后要针对考试来练习，做对应的习题，适应考试的答题节奏和时间。 1. 如何练就地道口语表达 想要练就地道的表达，不仅要练好发音，还要练习英语表达的逻辑思维。我们生活学习的环境中讲英语的人很少，建议大家多听英语广播，多看英语电影，模仿播音主持和电影演员的发音和表达，让自己的口语听起来更地道，不会很生硬。模仿发音能够帮我们矫正发音，同时建议大家背一些经典台词和经典演讲，学习英文表达习惯。 2. 如何针对托福考试练口语
托福阅读词汇分类技巧（一）托福阅读词汇分类技巧（一） https://www.doczj.com/doc/ad15371005.html,/tuofuyuedu/20141219/329225.html?seo=wenku Example: OG Practice Set 4，question 10
Passage 8: One cognitive theory suggests that aggravating and painful events trigger unpleasant feelings. These feelings in turn，can lead to aggressive action，but not automatically. Cognitive factors intervene. People decide whether they will act aggressively or not on other people’s motives. Supporting evidence comes from research showing that aggressive people often distort other people’s motives. For example， they assume that other people mean them harm when they do not. The word distort in the passage is closest in meaning to ○ mistrust ○ misinterpret ○ criticize ○ resent 解析：distort所在的文章句子后出现“ for example”，根据for example 中的内容，我们可以得出distort在此句中的意思为misinterpret。 3. 并列信息 Example: OG Practice Set 5，question 3 Passage 3: …Absenteeism and lateness hurt productivity and since work was specialized，disrupted the regular factory routine. Industrialization not only produced a fundamental change in the way work was organized; it transformed the very nature of work. The word disrupted in the passage is closest in meaning to ○ prolonged 托福阅读词汇分类技巧（一） https://www.doczj.com/doc/ad15371005.html,/tuofuyuedu/20141219/329225.html?seo=wenku
托福口语：高频同类词汇完全整理 1.解决： Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle 2.损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize 3.给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford 4.培养：Develop, cultivate, foster 5.优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength 6.缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness 7.使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle 8.重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative 9.认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced 10.保护：Protect, conserve, preserve 11.确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge 12.有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental 13.要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition
考托者应记住的几条公理 1，托福作文就是新八股文 2，托福作文只要练好了人人可以拿27+ 3，托福作文得高分不意味着你英语水平有多高 4，提高英语水平靠多听多读多背多说多写多练多译 首先让我们全面剖析新托福作文：（以下要求均为我自己的理解，非官方版本，官方要求请参照OG） integrated writing/综合写作:要求考生在3分钟内读一篇文章，然后听一个lecture，在20分 （注：文章内容和lecture 钟内根据文章和lecture内容写一篇250字左右文章比较两者的观点。 内容注定是对立的，如果你考的不是对立的，那只有一种可能，你的RP次到了人神共愤的地步了。） 综合写作的八股在于：第一段指出reading passage和lecture内容是对立的；第二、三、四段从三个方面/点来说明他们的内容是怎样对立的；第五段总结一下他们之间确实是对立关系。 independent writing/独立写作：给定一个题目，要求考生在30分钟内写出400字左右的文章，要求逻辑清晰，论述有力，无明显的语法和词法错误。 独立写作八股在于：第一段陈述你的观点，支持哪一方；第二、三、四段从三个方面论述你的观点；最后一段总结一下，综上所述，某某观点是正确的。
综合写作：模板，套模板，一定要套模板！ 理由：1，模板让你的思路更加清晰，这是ETS要求的。 2，20分钟！开玩笑，怎么凑到300字？当然要用模板！ 3，阅读听力我都不怕，就怕作文，写三句话错两句，我怎么得26+？当然还是用模板，既然是模板就意味着是你精挑细选的句子，保证了写作的质量！ 提醒：1，模板要富于变化，一篇只能用5句那你就要准备10句！ 2，模板不能一味照搬别人的，避免重复！ 3，保证模板里的句子没有语法和用词错误！ 一般来说，大家把一下几个句子稍微变形，即完成了综合写作第一步 1. The lecture discusses…which differs from the main idea in the reading that… （用于第一段） 2. The professor made the point that …The reading , in contrast, held a different v iew .（用于第一或第二三四段） 3. Another important point showed in the listening material is that …but the reading presents a conflicting idea that…（用于第三四段） 4. Finally, the professor stated that ...which challenges the standpoint made by the writer who said that...（用于第四段） 5. In general, the professor discussed the problem of …that the reading viewed in a contrary\opposing\different angle.（最后总结段） 6. According to the lecture… on the other hand \while the reading stated that … 7. The professor made the point that… on the contrary\ in contrast\ however, the writer demonstrated an ideathat… 8. The lecture supports\illustrates the idea that… 9. The lecture contradicts\refutes\ is contrary to\ is the opposite of the idea that… 10. Contrary to the belief in the passage that …the professor says that… 11. The professor refutes the viewpoint showed in the passage that… by saying that…（6-11均用于第二三四段） 大家可以把连接词变化一下，把动词变化一下或句式稍变，11句话灵活运用。 除了模板以外，综合写作我们还需要做什么？ 做笔记，做听力笔记！ 99．9%的情况下，综合写作的主体内容是三个对立的观点，所以大家只要把这个三个点记下来，然后把阅读里相应的三点抠出来放到模板里面去，你的综合写作就做完了，就是这么简单！
阅读具体题型简介TOEFL READING QUESTION TYPES Basic Information and Inference questions (12 to 14 questions per set ) 1. Factual Information questions (3 to 6 questions per set )细节题 2. Negative Factual Information questions (0 to 2 questions per set )排除题 3. Inference questions ( 0 to 2 questions per set )推断题 4. Rhetorical Purpose questions ( 0 to 2 questions per set )修辞目的题 5. Vocabulary questions ( 3 to 5 questions per set ) 词汇题 6. Reference questions ( 0 to 2 questions per set )指代题 7. Sentence Simplification questions ( 0 to 1 questions per set )简化句子题 8. Insert Text questions ( 0 to 1 questions per set )插入句子题 Reading to Learn questions (1 question per set ) 9. Prose Summary 文章内容小结题 10. Fill in a Table 完成图表题 其中，前八种为微观题，解题不需要联系文章主旨。后两种为宏观题，解题需要联系文章主旨，解题难度高于微观题。 新托福考试的十种题型有六种是沿用旧托福考试中已经出现的题型(细节题、排除题、推断题、修辞目的题、词汇题、指代题)，因此这六种题型我们最好使用旧托福的复习资料。因为新托福考试备考过程中的一个问题就是真题资料的匮乏，我们需要尽可能利用来自ETS 的真题资料。而四种新题型，句子简化题、插入句子题、文章内容小结题和图表题，代表了托福考试的新动向，是需要引起广大考生的重视的。下面我们就来对这十种题型一一进行介绍和评价。 1、Factual Information questions (3 to 6 questions per set )细节题
新托福口语考试Task 1模版 Personally, I would have to say that, um, the person that I admire most / a valuable possession I want to talk about / the place I would most like to go is ______________. And there are a couple of reasons to name. The most important thing is that, you know, ____________________.What’s more, ____________________. So that’s why ____________________. 新托福口语考试Task 2模版 Well, in my opinion, I would definitely agree with the point that, um, ____________________.The first reason that I wanna say is that____________________. More importantly, ____________________. So, uh, that’s why I choose ____________________ for the two reasons listed above. 新托福口语考试Task 3模版 The school has implemented a new policy that________________due to ____________________. And the man/woman holds a positive / negative view towards the announcement. The first reason s/he gives is that____________________. And the second one is based on the fact that____________________. Therefore, s/he agrees/disagrees with that opinion. 新托福口语考试Task 4模版 In the lecture, the professor mainly talked about the theory that____________________. To reinforce the theory, the professor gave two examples / reasons in his speech. The first one is that____________________. The other one is that____________________.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ad15371005.html, 40个托福口语必备词语以及造句整理 天道留学
https://www.doczj.com/doc/ad15371005.html, 想要说好托福口语就必须要掌握一些必备的名词词汇，因为只有名词词汇才能成为整个句子的中中心。为大家总结了托福口语必备名词词汇集锦，供大家参考。 1.account I have an account with the bank. 我在银行开有户头。 He turned/put his knowledge of Spanish to good account. 他善加利用他对西班牙语文的知识。 Don‘t stay away on account of John. 为了约翰，不要离开。 2.act Don‘t take him seriously ——it’s just an act. 不要把他看得太认真——他只是假装那样而已。 In the act of (=while) picking up the ball， he slipped and fell. 正当其拾球之际，他失足跌倒。 3.addition They‘ve just had an addition to t he family. 他们家里刚又增加一口。 4.adjustment They do an adjustment on humance resources to achieve the goal. 为了达到目标，他们调整了人员。 5.advertisement Advertisement helps to sell goods. 广告有助于销路。 6.agreement I‘m quite in agreement with what you say. 我十分同意你所说的话。 7.air My plans are still quite in the air. 我的计划还未定案。
秋风清，秋月明,落叶聚还散,寒鸦栖复惊。 新托福口语考试技巧加模板： “小马过河秋姐之E语之秋系列”! 被民间称之为变态的新托福，主要体现在人机对话的口语考试上。虽然是人机对话，但还是人评分（引用官方: where The responses are digitally recorded and transmitted to ETS's Online Scoring Network, human raters evaluate them.尽管目前也在考虑用e-rater,但其评价的正确性很具争议！）。所以从这个层面上来讲，你要把机器想象成人，有感情地，自然地与“他”交流。就是不要有应付的感觉，和背诵的感觉, 尽管在练习的时候是一定要经过背诵的。 那么应该如何准备口语才至少不会成为不能进入理想大学的绊脚石呢？ 首先，T1, T2 --------做到有备无患！！！ T1，是描述题。属生存口语话题，绝对送分题。就其准备而言，要从人物类（persons），物品类(objects)，地点类(places)，事件类(events) 着手，每一类准备4-5篇左右。可以参考雅思口语的第二题。雅思口语里给出的答案要比托福口语要求的要长，因为它要求是在一分半钟左右说完的，而托福口语只需要45‘’。所以你要做的事情很简单，就是做一个缩写的工作，或者根据它的套路，把自己情况描述进去。然后背诵下来。到这儿，还不算完事，最关键的是一定要对照镜子或墙或你的朋友（如果你足够幸运有这样的朋友愿意享受你的英文的话）说出来，同时还要计时，并且反复多次，争取每次都要超过上一次的记录，无论是在清晰度，流利度，语速，还是时间方面都要有所超越，这样临场面对电脑的时候你才不会紧张。 T2，是选择题。属阐述观点题。多数为学习和生活类话题。准送分题。A or B，选择一个，并能自圆其说，为什么选它。可以正面三点论述，也可以两正（+）一反（-）论述。准备时可参考最具权威的TWE185，也可以参考雅思口语的第三题（不完全相似，但至少可以提供理由支持），建议写出10-20个左右的段子，然后背诵并说出来（具体步骤同上）。 其次，T3, T4 读-听-说(R-L-S) 综合题----做到听读双赢！！！ ETS 的综合题的出题思路，是根据母语的学习思路设计的。所以试回想一下我们在语文课堂上做的事，就是老师让你读完一段然后总结段落大意。这里稍微复杂一点的是，增加了听的环节（因为是外语的缘故）。那么这道题有两个对策： 1）如果你的阅读比较牛，那么就以读为主，听为辅。结合阅读预测听力内容，进行综合表述。这里可以破解的一个秘密是听力中人物的态度非正即反。所以降低了此题的难度。 2）如果你的听力比较牛，那么就以听为主，读为辅。仔细听，记录笔记。顺带提一句某一观点符合阅读里提到的观点。 所不同的是： T3, 是dialogue-based, campus-related issue. 相对比T4 容易，而且具有非常清晰固定的模板。所以考试前非常熟悉模板，考试中，主要记笔记。然后把阅读材料中的主要内容和听力材料中的观点和理由填进去就可以了。
托福阅读提分的5大技巧 大家在备考的时候要多根据托福阅读题型进行总结，多做托福阅读真题。这样在考试中就 能够根据以往的经验进行答题，既能提高速度又能提高效率。下面为大家整理了托福阅读 提分的5大技巧。 1.文章主旨的把握 首先，托福的每一篇文章都附加了标题，可以通过对文章标题格式，内容，可能应用的文 章书写格式三个方面对文章整体进行把握。 其次，每篇文章的长度由原来的300-400增长到了现有的700字左右，且段落由原有的2- 4段增长到现有的5-10段，那么对于文章主旨的把握能力就显得无比重要。而要做到在短短的3-4分钟以内完成这件事情，就要求我们对段落结构，段落大意，以及段间结构即文 章大纲的把握做到精准的程度。 2.泛读能力 所谓托福阅读泛读能力是指得在短时间以内对一篇文章内容迅速把握。在对文章段落主旨 句的阅读中，我们需要读的内容约有8-15句话左右，在3-4分钟以内完成对这些句子的 阅读并总结文章大纲，就要求我们对于托福句子式结构熟识于心。而托福阅读中，句子长，成份杂一直以来都是大家在阅读上遇到的最大障碍之一。解决这个问题的方法，可以采用 泛读技巧中的主句阅读方式，即对读到的每个句子进行结构分析，找出主句，再补充其它 成份的细节内容。 当我们对段内句子的主要意思，讲述对象，及讲述方向有所了解之后，后期解题过程中使 用到的答案定位(或关键词定位)便可以达到快，准，稳的效果。 把握住了文章主旨就得到了文章的写作方向与目的，辅以段落间的关系，会使得解题过程 轻松无比。 3.段落结构 文章写作过程中，为了清楚的表达中心思想，会采用不同的段落结构，而结构的选取与文 章类型及内容无关，仅是选取一种最为清晰的表达方式。段落内部结构从大体上来讲可以 分为总---分---(总)的分点并列结构，或者总---分的观点递进阐述结构。相对来讲前者 更赋逻辑性，而后者因其逻辑性较差而导致在阅读过程中难度系数相对较大。当大家对段 落内部结构的分析日渐成熟的时候，便可以对段落主旨大意总结的驾驭做到轻车熟路，进 而节约阅读时间。 4.句子结构
托福口语高分词汇总结 为了帮助大家积累更多词汇，在托福口语中有话可说，下面小编给大家分享一些托福口语高分词汇，希望你们喜欢。 托福口语高分词汇金钱篇 Money precious/valuable 珍贵的 worthless 毫无价值的 thrifty/frugal 节俭的 economical 经济实惠的 make ends meet 收支平衡 stylish 时髦的，现代风格的 upscale 高端的 costly 昂贵的 exquisite 精致的 exorbitant price 极度高昂的价格 wealthy/affluent 富有的 impoverished/needy 贫穷的 temptation 引诱;诱惑物 outfit 全套装备 property 财富 jealousy 嫉妒 tempting 有吸引力的 generosity 慷慨，大方 charity 慈善 philanthropy 慈善 despise 轻视，蔑视 托福口语高分词汇娱乐休闲篇 Leisure excursion 远足，短途旅行
sightseeing 观光 conducted/guided tour 跟团旅行 package tour 背包行 exotic 异域风情的 backpacker 背包客 souvenir 纪念品 explore 探索，发现 relics 遗迹，纪念物 expand one's outlook/vision 扩大视野 diversion/pastime 消遣，娱乐活动 recreation 娱乐 release stress 释放压力 get away from the daily grind 从每天的琐事当中逃离lift one's spirits 提振精神 memorable 显著的，难忘的，值得纪念的 cosmetics 化妆品，装饰品 calm the nerves and restore the soul 镇定神经 exhibition 展览 workout 锻炼 blood circulation 血液循环 flexibility 灵活性 gorgeous 华丽的，灿烂的，极好的 hideous 可怕的，丑恶的 appealing/attractive 富有吸引力的 indulge in 沉浸在……中 aesthetic 美学的 托福口语高分词汇媒体篇 Media curiosity 好奇心 dependable/trustworthy 值得信赖的
新托福iBT口语黄金80 题（答案版） 1.说出你认为对你最有用的一本书，并解释原因。 The most important book for me is my major textbook which is called Operating System. Because, there are lots of information about my major I have never known before , so it can broaden my knowledge scope. On the other hand, many definitions can explained very clearly by some examples in this book so those detailed explanations help me to get a deeply understanding of my major. 2.电视对于现代社会有正面作用还是负面作用，选择其中之一并解释原 因。 As far as I am concerned, television has a positive effects for modern society. First, we can know what is happening in the world even without stepping out our living room. Moreover, television also has brought us a visual enjoyment and broadened our knowledge by different types of programs . Finally，watching television with family members is a good way to relax after a hard day’s work. 3、Describe the most important decision that you made in your life. Personally speaking, the most important decision that I have made in my life is to choose computer science as my major in university, It’s of great importance because it determines what I will learn and what I will do in the next four years. What’s more, it partly determines my future career for the rest of my life. After four years
新托福考试题型包括哪些
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新托福考试题型包括哪些 摘要：新托福考试题型一共有四种分别为：听力，口语，阅读和写作，下面就跟着小编一起来详细的了解下这四种题型吧。 新托福考试题型介绍 新托福考试题型一共有四种分别为：听力，口语，阅读和写作，下面就跟着小编一起来详细的了解下这四种题型吧。 新托福听力 托福听力有4-6演讲，每个6道题;2-3对话，每个5道题，约60-90分钟，每道试题是1-2分，共34-36分。涉及2个或2个以上的说话者。听力部分每个对话是2-3分钟，每个演讲是4-6分钟。 由于是机考，考生在听录音资料之前无法得知试题。在播放录音资料时，电脑屏幕上会显示相应的背景图片。考生可以在听音过程中记笔记。考生不能复查、修改已递交的答案。这个部分持续大约50分钟。 新托福口语 新托福口语部分采用人机对话，模拟正式的上课讲演来考查学生。考试共有6道题目，一三五针对的是校园生活，二四六是相对学术性的题材。2道独立口语题，4道综合口语，时间为20分钟，每个回答得分是0-4分，分数范围是0-25分。
考查综合语言技能的题目评分以回答的质量、完整性和准确性为依据。考生可以在听音过程中记笔记以帮助答题。在准备和答题时，屏幕上会显示倒计时的时钟。 新托福阅读 新托福阅读有3-5篇文章每篇11-13题，考试时间为60-100分钟，除了篇章应用题之外每道题的分值都是1分应用题每题的分值可能是2分，3分，或4分。 新托福写作 新托福写作有两道题：1道综合写作，约20分钟。1道独立写作，约30分钟。每篇作文按5分计算，取平均分，然后折算成30分对应的分数。 其中一篇类似于老托福的写作，要求考生在30分钟内就某一话题阐述自己的观点，字数要求为300字以上。 另一篇则要求考生首先阅读一篇学术演讲，5分…钟以后，文章隐去，播放一段与文章有关、约为1分半钟的课堂演讲。课堂演讲列举了一些论据反驳文章中的论点、论据。 随后要求考生在20分…钟内写一篇作文，总结课堂演讲的论点、论据，并陈述这些论点、论据是如何反驳文章的论点、论据的，字数要求为150字到225字之间。注意：写作时，文章会重新显示在屏幕上。这篇作文不要求考生阐述自己的观点。 以上就是小编为大家整理的“新托福考试题型介绍”部分内容，更多资料请点击托福资料下载频道! 相关推荐: 托福考试备考小常识下载之副词的形式(巩固篇)