英文读写literature review范文

literature review英语例子300字篇一：In this thesis, I will study the characteristics of the conversational mechanism of repair in Chinese conversational discourse. To that end, it is necessary to conduct a review of the re literature on conversational repair. I shall start with an elaboration of the notion of“repair", going on to researches into the organization of conversational repair and conclude with the and multi- linguistic application of“repair" research.As a relatively new field in conversation analysis (CA), the proper study of the :conversational phenomenon of repair didn't start until the publication of off seminal paper in 1977. fore that, there were only some sporadic disc of the phenomenon under such generic headings as tongue slips (Leaver 1973, s off 1977) and Tor correction (Jefferson 1975, see off 1977). As a still often-used term, “correction”, “commonly understood to refer to the rep lace of an‘error’' or 'mistake' by what is‘correct” ( off 1977: 363), not only limits research to a minority of the natural occurrences of repair but also miss leads re hers about the nature of the sources.The shift of focus was led by off ct all (1977), whose studywas an based effort to examine the organization of repair as a set of ordered, but not equals.The phenomenon of correction was there fore proven part of a much wider picture, i.e. repair and the scope of discussion was greatly expanded fromthe mere correcting of some“ [usually linguistic] errors”(1977: 363) to all poss “practices for dealing with problems or troubles in speaking, hearing, and understanding the talk in conversation”(2000: 207), a definition given by off himself some 20 years later. In deed, potential in conversation inc not only correction of information, but also and more importantly rep of inappropriate items or ambiguous , word search and clarification of .篇二：Many studies have been carried out with regard to the various dimensions of conversational repair itself, e.g. its class , sites, forms and causes.l (1977) classified four types of repair according to the subject(s) of initiation/repair, namely other- initiated other repair.This c lass has been adopted by many researchers later, making it easier to tack conversational data. Yet (1994: 56) suggests, rightly I think, that this classification is in needof refinement as it is not always to draw a sharp boundary between self and other initiation. He found a sort ofother-prompted initiation, which underlines the interactive aspect of conversational discourse.Along with the four-type classification.。

literature review 模板Literature Review Template:Introduction:- Introduce the research topic or issue being addressed in the literature review- Provide background information to give context to the topic- Discuss the purpose and objective of the literature reviewBody:- Organize the literature review based on themes or key concepts- Summarize and evaluate the existing literature on each theme or concept- Identify gaps, inconsistencies, or conflicting findings in the literature- Highlight any theoretical frameworks, methodologies, or frameworks used in the reviewed studies - Analyze the strengths and limitations of the reviewed studies and their implications for the research topic- Present any trends, patterns, or themes that emerge from the literature reviewConclusion:- Summarize the main findings of the literature review- Discuss the implications of the reviewed literature for the research topic or issue- Propose potential avenues for future research based on the identified gaps or inconsistencies in the literature- Conclude with a final statement that reinforces the importance of the research topic or issue and highlights its significance in the larger academic or practical context.Note: The structure of a literature review may vary depending on the field or discipline. It is important to follow any specific guidelines given by your instructor or institution.。

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文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!I learned a lot from doing the literature review. It made me realize how much knowledge there is out there. I found so many different ideas and perspectives. It was like opening a door to a whole new world.Doing the literature review also helped me improve my research skills. I had to search for relevant materials and analyze them carefully. It taught me how to be more organized and critical.Another thing I gained was a better understanding of the topic. I got to see what others have done and said before. It gave me a broader view and helped me form my own opinions.I also discovered that there are always gaps in the existing research. This made me think about how I could contribute something new. It inspired me to explore further and come up with my own ideas.。

文献综述英文例文通用IntroductionA literature review is an important component of academic research. It helps researchers to identify existing gaps in knowledge, evaluate the current state of research in a particular area, and generate ideas for future research. A good literature review should be comprehensive, up-to-date and well-organized. This article will provide a general guideline on how to write a literature review, including the structure, format and content.StructureA literature review should have an introduction, main body and conclusion. The introduction should provide the background information on the topic, the research question, and the purpose of the review. The main body should be divided into different sections based on the themes or topics. Each section should summarize the key findings from the literature and explain how they relate to the research question. Finally, the conclusion should summarize the main findings from the review, identify the gaps in the existing literature, and suggest possible avenues for future research.FormatA literature review can be written in different formats depending on the discipline and the research topic. In general, there are two common formats: the narrative review and the systematic review. The narrative review is a descriptive summary of the literature, whereas the systematic review is a more rigorous evaluation of the literature using a predefined search strategy and inclusion/exclusion criteria.ContentThe content of a literature review should be focused on the research question and the themes identified in the main body. The literature reviewed should be relevant, reliable, and recent. The sources of the literature can be primary or secondary, depending on the research question and the availability of the literature. The sources can be in different forms, such as articles, books, reports, conference proceedings, and online databases.TipsHere are some tips on how to write a good literature review:- Start early: Begin the literature review as early as possible to allow sufficient time for reading, writing, and revising.- Define the research question: Clearly define the research question to guide the literature search and the selection of the literature.- Use appropriate keywords: Use appropriate keywords and search terms to identify the relevant literature.- Keep records: Keep a record of the literature searched, read and cited to avoidduplication and facilitate referencing.- Analyze and synthesize: Analyze the literature critically and synthesize the findings into a coherent and organized structure.- Avoid plagiarism: Acknowledge the sources of the literature accurately and avoid plagiarism by paraphrasing and referencing properly.- Be critical: Be critical of the literature reviewed and identify the strengths, weaknesses, and limitations of the research in the field.ConclusionIn summary, a literature review is an essential component of academic research, and it requires careful planning, organizing, and writing. A good literature review should provide a comprehensive and critical evaluation of the existing literature and identify the gaps and limitations in the research field. By following the guidelines and tips provided in this article, researchers can write a well-structured, informative and engaging literature review.。

Literature reviewWhat is a literature review?.literatur.revie.i..descriptio.o.th.literatur.relevan.t..particula.fiel.o.topic.Thi.i.ofte.writte.a.par.o..pos mencemen.o..thesis..critica.literatur.revie.i..critica.assessmen.o.t h.relevan.literature.I.i.unlikel.tha.yo.wil.b.abl.t.writ..trul.critica.assessmen.o.th.literatur.unti.yo.hav uall.a.som.poin.nea.th.en.o.you.thesis.Th.review.lik.othe.form.o.expositor.writing.ha.a.introduction.bod.an.conclusion.well-forme.paragr .relevan.literatur.t.suppor.th .discussio.o.you.thesis.i..literatur.review.th.literatur.itsel.i.th.subjec.o.discussion.What counts as 'literature'?‘Literature.cover.everythin.relevan.tha.i.writte.o..topic.books.journa.articles.newspape.articles.hi ernmen.reports.these.an.dissertations.etc.Th.importan.wor.i.'relevant'.Chec.wit. you.superviso.o.tuto.whe.i.doubt.Why do a literature review?.literatur.revie.i.writte.t.highligh.specifi.argument.an.idea.i..fiel.o.study.B.highlightin.thes.argumen ts.th.write.attempt.t.sho.wha.ha.bee.studie.i.th.field.an.als.wher.th.weaknesses.gaps.o.area.needin.f urthe.stud.are.Th.revie.shoul.therefor.als.demonstrat.t.th.reade.wh.th.writer’eful.nece ssary.important.an.valid.A review of the literature has the following functions:•To justify your choice of research question, theoretical or conceptual framework, and method •To establish the importance of the topic•To provide background information needed to understand the study•To show readers you are familiar with significant and/or up-to-date research relevant to the topic•To establish your study as one link in a chain of research that is developing knowledge in your fieldHow many references to look for?Thi.depend.o.wha.th.literatur.revie.i.for.an.wha.stag.yo.ar.a.i.you.studies.You.superviso.o.tuto.sho ul.specif..minimu.numbe.o.references.Generally speaking, a reasonable number of references in a literature review would be:undergraduat.review.5-2.title.dependin.o.level.Honour.dissertation.20.titles.Masters thesis: 40+ titlesDoctoral thesis: 50+ titles.How to write a literature review1.The literature search2.Noting the bibliographical details3.Finding the literature4.Reading the literatureTak.note.a.yo.rea.th.literature.Yo.ar.readin.t.fin.ou.ho.eac.piec.o.writin.approache.th.subjec.o.you.r esearch.wha.i.ha.t.sa.abou.it.an.(especiall.fo.researc.students.ho.i.relate.t.you.ow.thesis:Is it a general textbook or does it deal with a specific issue(s)?Is it an empirical report, a theoretical study, a sociological or political account, a historical overview, etc? All or some of these?Does it follow a particular school of thought?What is its theoretical basis?What definitions does it use?What is its general methodological approach? What methods are used?What kinds of data does it use to back up its argument?What conclusions does it come to?5.Writin.th.reviewHavin.gathere.th.relevan.detail.abou.th.literature.yo.no.nee.t.writ.th.review.Th.kin.o.revie.yo.write .an.th.amoun.o.detail.wil.depen.o.th.leve.o.you.studies.Note 1: do not confuse a literature review with an annotated bibliography.An annotated bibliography deals with each text in turn, describing and evaluating the text, using one paragraph for each text.I.contrast..literatur.revie.group.relate.work.togethe.an.discusse.trend.an.development.rathe.tha.foc usin.o.on.ite.a..time.I.i.no..summary.rather.i.evaluate.previou.an.curren.researc.i.regar.t.ho.relevan. and/efu.i.i.an.ho.i.relate.t.you.ow.research.A Literature Review is more than an Annotated Bibliography or a summary, because you are organizing and presenting your sources in terms of their overall relationship to your own project.Note 2: think of the review as a funnelTh.revie.mus.b.shape.b..focu.o.ke.area.o.interest.includin.researc.whic.provide..backgroun.t.th.top i.(dependin.o.whethe.i.i.fo.a.Honour.thesi.o.fo..PhD)mo.mistak.i.writin efu.t.thin.o.th. revie.a..funne..star.wid.wit.th.overvie.an.the.quickl.narro.int.discussin.th.researc.tha.relate.t.you.sp ecifi.topic.•Anothe.wa.o.lookin.a.th.process.particularl.i.yo.ar.examinin.severa.topic.(o.variables).i.t.thin. o.yoursel.a..fil.directo.(Rudesta.an.Newton.1992).Yo.ca.thin.o.providin.you.audienc.with.•long shots to provide a solid sense of the background•middle distance shots where the key figures and elements to be examined are brought clearly into view•close-up shots where the precise focus of your work is pinpointedSections of literature reviewLik.al.academi.writing..literatur.revie.i.writte.i.essa.format.I.mus.hav.a.introduction.body.an.concl usion.The introduction should include:1)the nature of the topic under discussion (the topic of your thesis)2)the parameters of the topic (what does it include and exclude)?3)the basis for your selection of the literatureThe conclusion should include:1)A summary of major agreements and disagreements in the literature2).summar.o.genera.conclusion.tha.ar.bein.drawn.3)A summary of where your thesis sits in the literatureThe body paragraphs could include relevant paragraphs on:1)historical background, including classic texts;2)current mainstream versus alternative theoretical or ideological viewpoints, including differing theoretical assumptions, differing political outlooks, and other conflicts;3)possible approaches to the subject (empirical, philosophical, historical, postmodernist, etc);4)definitions in use;5)current research studies;6)current discoveries about the topic;7)principal questions that are being asked;8)general conclusions that are being drawn;9)methodologies and methods in use;Structure of literature reviewmo.way.ar.chronologicall.an.them atically.Chronological.grou.an.discus.you.source.i.orde.o.thei.appearanc.(usuall.publication).highlightin.th.change.i.researc.i.th.fiel.an.you.specifi.topi.ove.time.e.g.metaphor—ho.th.definitio.o.i.change.throug.tim.b.givin.som.example.o.ke.concept.mad.b.scholars.an .i.you.thesis2)Thematic.grou.an.discus.you.source.i.term.o.th.theme.o.topic.the.cover.Thi.metho.i.ofte..stronge.on.organizationally.an.i.ca.hel.yo.resis.th.urg.t.summariz.you.sources.B.groupin.theme.o.topic.o.researc.together.yo.wil.b.abl.t.demonstrat.th.type.o.topic.tha.ar.importan.t.you.research.e.g.stud.o.Feminis.i.Jan.Eyre—commnet.o.Charlott.Brontecomments on Jane Eyrecomments on Feminism※No matter which method you choose, remember:Withi.eac.sectio.o..literatur.review.i.i.importan.t.discus.ho.th.researc.relate.t.othe.studie.(ho.i.i.simila.o.different.wha.othe.studie.hav.bee.done.etc..a.wel.a.t.demonstrat.ho.i.relate.t.you.ow.work.Thi.i .wha.th.revie.i.for.don’.leav.thi.connectio.out.Criteria of good literature reviewA review of the literature should:•Set up a theoretical framework for your research•Show your reader that you have a clear understanding of the key concepts/ideas/studies/ models related to your topic•know about the history of your research area and any related controversies•can discuss these ideas in a context appropriate for your own investigation•can evaluate the work of others•Clarify important definitions/terminology•Develop the research space you will also indicate in the Introduction and Abstract•Narrow the problem; make the study feasibleQuestions you need to ask yourself when you are planning and drafting your Literature Review: •What has been done in your field of research? What principles of selection are you going to use?•How are you going to order your discussion? Chronological, thematic, conceptual, methodological, or a combination? What section headings will you use?•How do the various studies relate to each other? What precise contribution do they make to the field? What are their limitations or are there any gaps? Are there new ways of looking at the topic?•What future directions should research in this subject take?•How does your own research fit into what has already been done? What contribution will your research make to the field?Sample Analysis。

文献综述商务英语范文Business English Literature Review。

Introduction。

Business English plays a vital role in today's globalized economy. It is a specialized form of English used in various business contexts, such as negotiations, presentations, and written communication. This literature review aims to provide an overview of the current research and trends in the field of Business English, focusing on its importance, challenges, and effective teaching strategies.Importance of Business English。

Effective communication is essential for successful business transactions. Business English enables professionals to communicate with clients, colleagues, and partners from different countries and cultural backgrounds. It allows them to convey their ideas clearly, negotiate deals, and build strong relationships. Research shows that proficiency in Business English is directly linked to career advancement and increased job opportunities.Challenges in Business English。

An example of literature reviewOf the many who have looked at the relation between age and performance in universities none has as yet produced a definite answer to the apparently simple question “Do mature students do better or worse than younger students?”Harris (1940) in the United States found evidence to suggest that younger students tended to obtain better degree results. Similar findings have been made in Britain by Malleson(1959), Howell (1962), Barnett and Lewis(1963), McCracken(1969) and Kapur(1972), in Australia by Flecker(1959) and Sanders(1961) , in Canada by Fleming (1959), and in New Zealand by Small(1966). However, most of these studies were based on samples of students who were generally aged between seventeen and twenty-one and the correlation techniques employed meant that the relationship between age and performance really only concerned this narrow age band. As such, the results probably suggest that bright children admitted early to higher education fare better than those whose entry is delayed while they gain the necessary qualifications. This view is supported by Harris (1940) who discovered that the relationship between age and performance disappeared when he controlled for intelligence. Other studies have shown that those who gain the necessary qualifications and then delayed entry for a year or two are more successful than those who enter directly from school (Thomas, Beeby and Oram 1939; Derbyshare Education Committee 1966).Where studies have involved samples containing large numbers of older students the results have indicated that the relationship between age and performance is not a linear one. Philips Cullen(1955), for instance, found that those aged twenty-four and over tended to do better than the eighteen and nineteen age group. Sanders(1961) showed that the university success rate fell until the age of twenty or twenty-one, then from about twenty-two onwards the success rate began to rise again. The problem with these two studies is that many of the older students were returning servicemen. They were often “normal”entrants whose entry to university had been delayed by war and many had undergone some training in science or mathematics while in the armed forces. Also, while Eaton(1980) cites nine American studies which confirm the academic superiority of veterans, there is some contradictory British evidence. Mountford(1957) found that ex-service students who entered Liverpool University between 1947 and 1949 were more likely to have to spend an extra year or more on their courses and more likeyl to fail to complete their course.Some studies have shown that whether mature students fare better or worse than younger students depends upon the subject being studied. Sanders(1963) has indicated that the maturity associated with increasing age and experience seems to be a positive predictor of success for some arts and social science courses. The general finding that older students do better in arts and social science and worse in science and maths is supported by Flecker(1959), Barnett, Holder and Lewis (1968), Fagin(1971)and Sharon(1971).Walker’s (1975) study of mature students at Warwick University represents the best British attempt to unravel the relationship between age and performance, he took 240 mature undergraduates who were admitted to the university between 1965 and 1971 and compared theirprogress with that of all undergraduates. This gave him a reasonably large sample to work with and the timing meant that the results were not distorted by any “returning servicemen factor”. His methodology showed many other refinements. First, he excluded overseas students. Such students tend to be older than average and also to fare worse academically (Woodley 1979), thus influencing any age/performance relationship. Secondly, he used two measures of performance; the proportion of those leaving without obtaining a degree and the degree results of those taking final examinations. Finally, he weighted the degree class obtained according to its rarity value in each faculty.The following findings achieved statistical significance:(i) In total, mature students obtained better degrees than non-mature students.(ii) In the arts faculty mature students obtained better degrees than non-mature students.(iii) Mature students who did not satisfy the general entrance requirements obtained better degrees than all other students.(iv) The degree results of mature students age twenty-six to thirty were better than those of all other mature students.Several other differences were noted but they did not achieve statistical significance due to the small numbers involved. The mature student sample only contained thirty-tree women, twenty-six science students and thirty-seven aged over thirty. The aim of the present study was to extend Walker’s work to all British universities so that these and other relationships could be tested out on a much larger sample of mature students.(Woodley, 1985:152-4)。

英语文献综述范文Literature Review on the Impact of Social Media on Mental Health。

Introduction。

Social media has become an integral part of our daily lives, with millions of people using platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and Snapchat to connect with friends and family, share updates about their lives, and consume news and entertainment. While social media has undoubtedly revolutionized the way we communicate and interact with one another, there is growing concern about its impact on mental health. This literature review aims to explore the existing research on the relationship between social media use and mental health, with a focus on the potential negative effects it may have on individuals.The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health。

Several studies have investigated the link between social media use and mental health, with a particular emphasis on the potential negative consequences. One study by Twenge and Campbell (2018) found that the use of social media, particularly among adolescents, was associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety. The researchers suggested that the constant comparison with others, cyberbullying, and the fear of missing out (FOMO) were some of the factors contributing to these negative outcomes.Similarly, another study by Primack et al. (2017) found that higher social media use was associated with increased feelings of social isolation and loneliness among young adults. The researchers suggested that excessive use of social media may lead to a decrease in face-to-face interactions and a lack of meaningful social connections, which in turn could have a detrimental impact on mental well-being.On the other hand, some studies have also highlighted the potential positive effects of social media on mental health. For example, a study by Berryman et al. (2018) found that social media use can provide a sense of social support and connection, particularlyfor individuals who may feel socially isolated in their offline lives. The researchers suggested that social media can be a valuable tool for maintaining and strengthening social relationships, which may have a protective effect on mental health.The Role of Social Media in Shaping Body Image and Self-Esteem。

literature review模版Title: Literature Review on the Impact of Technology on Education。

Introduction。

Technology has become an integral part of our daily lives, and its impact on education is undeniable. In recent years, there has been a growing body of literature exploring the effects of technology on education. This literature review aims to provide an overview of the current research on the impact of technology on education, including both the positive and negative effects.Positive Impact of Technology on Education。

Numerous studies have highlighted the positive impact of technology on education. For example, a study by Smith and Jones (2018) found that the use of technology in the classroom led to improved student engagement and motivation. Another study by Johnson et al. (2019) demonstrated that technology-enhanced learning can lead to better academic performance and retention of knowledge. Additionally, technology has been shown to provide students with access to a wide range of resources and information, allowing for more personalized and interactive learning experiences.Negative Impact of Technology on Education。

Title: English Literature Review: AComprehensive PerspectiveIn the realm of academic research, the literature review serves as a critical component, particularly in the field of English literature. This paper aims to provide an extensive overview of the significant developments and trends within the discipline, drawing upon a diverse range of sources and perspectives.Firstly, it is essential to recognize the evolving nature of English literature, which has been shaped by various historical, cultural, and societal influences. The early works of Shakespeare, for instance, have been extensively analyzed for their thematic depth andlinguistic intricacies. Modern scholars continue to delve into these classics, offering fresh interpretations that resonate with contemporary audiences.Moreover, the emergence of new literary genres and movements has significantly broadened the scope of English literature. Postmodernism, for example, has challenged traditional narrative structures and perspectives, introducing elements of ambiguity and fragmentation. Thistrend has been explored in numerous studies, highlighting the diverse ways in which authors have responded to and shaped the postmodern era.Furthermore, the intersection of English literature with other disciplines, such as psychology, sociology, and anthropology, has opened up new avenues for research. The exploration of character psychology in literary texts, or the analysis of societal norms and values reflected in literature, are just a few examples of thisinterdisciplinary approach.In terms of methodologies, the literature review has also undergone significant transformations. With the advent of digital technologies and online databases, scholars now have access to vast repositories of information, enabling them to conduct more comprehensive and rigorous reviews. However, the challenge lies in effectively synthesizing and evaluating this vast amount of data.One notable trend in recent years has been the increasing focus on global perspectives in English literature. With the growth of international literary movements and the rise of multiculturalism, scholars arenow more inclined to explore the global dimensions of literary works. This approach not only broadens our understanding of English literature but also promotes cross-cultural understanding and exchange.Moreover, the impact of gender and race on English literature has also been a topic of increasing interest. The examination of how gender roles and racial identities are represented and constructed in literary texts has provided valuable insights into the complex intersections of identity, power, and representation.In conclusion, the literature review in English literature is a dynamic and evolving field that continues to shape our understanding of the discipline. By exploring diverse themes, genres, and methodologies, scholars are able to delve deeper into the rich tapestry of English literature, revealing new meanings and perspectives that resonate with our contemporary world.**英语文献综述：全面视角**在学术研究领域，文献综述是一个至关重要的组成部分，尤其在英语文学领域更是如此。