不能用于进行时态和被动语态的动词
安徽省来安县半塔中学梅崇兵(中学一级教师)
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整个中学阶段的英语学习，在词类中，动词是一个关键，也是所有词类中的重中之重，下面我们先来看一道题：
Why don't you put the meat in the fridgeIt will ______ fresh for several days.
A. be stayed
B. stay
C. be staying
D. have stayed
析:答案是B。stay是系动词,意为"保持",没有进行时态,也没有被动语态。
英语中有些动词比较特殊,它们不能用于进行时态和被动语态,这样的(短语)动词常见的有:
1. belong to表示“属于……”。
Our success belongs to all the people present.我们的成功属于在座的每一个人。
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2. stand, lie等静态动词这些动词表示“某物位于某处”。
There stands a high building over there.那边矗立着一座高高的楼房。
3. taste,feel,look,smell,sound等感官动词无被动语态，也无进行时态
This kind of food tastes good.这种食物尝起来味道很好。
Ice always feels cold to us.对我们来说冰摸起来总是冷的。
4. stay,,keep,remain等表示“保持，仍然……”的词
The weather has stayed hot recently.最近天气一直很热。
After his election to a high office,he remained modest.在被选为高级领导干部之后他仍然谦虚。
5. sell well(畅销),last well(持久),wash well(耐洗),write well(写起来流畅) wash easily(易洗),break easily(易折), write smoothly(写起来流畅), light easily(易燃)等动副搭配This kind of flower sells well.这种花很畅销。
"
The pens produced in this factory write well .这家工厂生产的钢笔写起来流畅。
This kind of cloth washes easily.这种布容易洗。
It is very wet, the match does not light easily.天气很潮湿,火柴不易划着。
6. meet表示“遇见;碰到”
I met him in the street at eight yesterday morning.昨天早晨8点钟我在街上碰到他。
注:meet表迎接时有被动语态。如:
I was met at the airport by all my old friends in that city.该城老友全都到机场迎接我。
7. weigh表示“物体所称重量为……”
This stone weighs 200 tons.这块石头重200吨。
但是当weigh表示"称……"时有被动语态。如:
·
This stone will be weighed this evening.今晚这块石头将被称出重量。
8. open表示“店铺开门营业”
This shop doesn't open on Sunday.这家商店周日不开门营业。
但是,当open表"打开;开幕;开张"时有被动语态。如:
This door was opened by Li Ping.门是被李平打开的。
This sports meeting will be opened next week.运动会将于下周开幕。
9. break out 表示“(火灾、战争、疾病、瘟疫等)的流行”
The fire broke out last night.
10. consist of 表示“由……组成/构成”
The world consists of seven continents and four ocean.
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巩固性练习:
1. It is said that this kind of machine ______ well.
A. sells
B. is sold
C. is selling
D. is being sold
2. The shop ______ last Friday ______ on Sunday.
A. opened; is not opened
B. was opened; is not opened
C. opened; does not open
D. was opened; does not open
3. It was in the street that ______.
was meeting him B. he was met meet him D. he was being met
4. To all the people here ______ success.
A. is belonged
B. is belonging
C. belongs
D. does belong
&
5. This kind of flower ______ good.
A. is smelling
B. is smelt
C. smells
D. is being smelt
Key:1. A 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. C