Knowledge base for automatic generation of online IMS LD compliant course structures

国际自动化与计算杂志.英文版.1.Improved Exponential Stability Criteria for Uncertain Neutral System with Nonlinear Parameter PerturbationsFang Qiu，Ban-Tong Cui2.Robust Active Suspension Design Subject to Vehicle Inertial Parameter VariationsHai-Ping Du，Nong Zhang3.Delay-dependent Non-fragile H∞ Filtering for Uncertain Fuzzy Systems Based on Switching Fuzzy Model and Piecewise Lyapunov FunctionZhi-Le Xia，Jun-Min Li，Jiang-Rong Li4.Observer-based Adaptive Iterative Learning Control for Nonlinear Systems with Time-varying DelaysWei-Sheng Chen，Rui-Hong Li，Jing Li5.H∞ Output Feedback Control for Stochastic Systems with Mode-dependent Time-varying Delays and Markovian Jump ParametersXu-Dong Zhao，Qing-Shuang Zeng6.Delay and Its Time-derivative Dependent Robust Stability of Uncertain Neutral Systems with Saturating ActuatorsFatima El Haoussi，El Houssaine Tissir7.Parallel Fuzzy P+Fuzzy I+Fuzzy D Controller:Design and Performance EvaluationVineet Kumar，A.P.Mittal8.Observers for Descriptor Systems with Slope-restricted NonlinearitiesLin-Na Zhou，Chun-Yu Yang，Qing-Ling Zhang9.Parameterized Solution to a Class of Sylvester MatrixEquationsYu-Peng Qiao，Hong-Sheng Qi，Dai-Zhan Cheng10.Indirect Adaptive Fuzzy and Impulsive Control of Nonlinear SystemsHai-Bo Jiang11.Robust Fuzzy Tracking Control for Nonlinear Networked Control Systems with Integral Quadratic ConstraintsZhi-Sheng Chen，Yong He，Min Wu12.A Power-and Coverage-aware Clustering Scheme for Wireless Sensor NetworksLiang Xue，Xin-Ping Guan，Zhi-Xin Liu，Qing-Chao Zheng13.Guaranteed Cost Active Fault-tolerant Control of Networked Control System with Packet Dropout and Transmission DelayXiao-Yuan Luo，Mei-Jie Shang，Cai-Lian Chen，Xin-Ping Guanparison of Two Novel MRAS Based Strategies for Identifying Parameters in Permanent Magnet Synchronous MotorsKan Liu，Qiao Zhang，Zi-Qiang Zhu，Jing Zhang，An-Wen Shen，Paul Stewart15.Modeling and Analysis of Scheduling for Distributed Real-time Embedded SystemsHai-Tao Zhang，Gui-Fang Wu16.Passive Steganalysis Based on Higher Order Image Statistics of Curvelet TransformS.Geetha，Siva S.Sivatha Sindhu，N.Kamaraj17.Movement Invariants-based Algorithm for Medical Image Tilt CorrectionMei-Sen Pan，Jing-Tian Tang，Xiao-Li Yang18.Target Tracking and Obstacle Avoidance for Multi-agent SystemsJing Yan，Xin-Ping Guan，Fu-Xiao Tan19.Automatic Generation of Optimally Rigid Formations Using Decentralized MethodsRui Ren，Yu-Yan Zhang，Xiao-Yuan Luo，Shao-Bao Li20.Semi-blind Adaptive Beamforming for High-throughput Quadrature Amplitude Modulation SystemsSheng Chen，Wang Yao，Lajos Hanzo21.Throughput Analysis of IEEE 802.11 Multirate WLANs with Collision Aware Rate Adaptation AlgorithmDhanasekaran Senthilkumar，A. Krishnan22.Innovative Product Design Based on Customer Requirement Weight Calculation ModelChen-Guang Guo，Yong-Xian Liu，Shou-Ming Hou，Wei Wang23.A Service Composition Approach Based on Sequence Mining for Migrating E-learning Legacy System to SOAZhuo Zhang，Dong-Dai Zhou，Hong-Ji Yang，Shao-Chun Zhong24.Modeling of Agile Intelligent Manufacturing-oriented Production Scheduling SystemZhong-Qi Sheng，Chang-Ping Tang，Ci-Xing Lv25.Estimation of Reliability and Cost Relationship for Architecture-based SoftwareHui Guan，Wei-Ru Chen，Ning Huang，Hong-Ji Yang1.A Computer-aided Design System for Framed-mould in Autoclave ProcessingTian-Guo Jin，Feng-Yang Bi2.Wear State Recognition of Drills Based on K-means Cluster and Radial Basis Function Neural NetworkXu Yang3.The Knee Joint Design and Control of Above-knee Intelligent Bionic Leg Based on Magneto-rheological DamperHua-Long Xie，Ze-Zhong Liang，Fei Li，Li-Xin Guo4.Modeling of Pneumatic Muscle with Shape Memory Alloy and Braided SleeveBin-Rui Wang，Ying-Lian Jin，Dong Wei5.Extended Object Model for Product Configuration DesignZhi-Wei Xu，Ze-Zhong Liang，Zhong-Qi Sheng6.Analysis of Sheet Metal Extrusion Process Using Finite Element MethodXin-Cun Zhuang，Hua Xiang，Zhen Zhao7.Implementation of Enterprises' Interoperation Based on OntologyXiao-Feng Di，Yu-Shun Fan8.Path Planning Approach in Unknown EnvironmentTing-Kai Wang，Quan Dang，Pei-Yuan Pan9.Sliding Mode Variable Structure Control for Visual Servoing SystemFei Li，Hua-Long Xie10.Correlation of Direct Piezoelectric Effect on EAPap under Ambient FactorsLi-Jie Zhao，Chang-Ping Tang，Peng Gong11.XML-based Data Processing in Network Supported Collaborative DesignQi Wang，Zhong-Wei Ren，Zhong-Feng Guo12.Production Management Modelling Based on MASLi He，Zheng-Hao Wang，Ke-Long Zhang13.Experimental Tests of Autonomous Ground Vehicles with PreviewCunjia Liu，Wen-Hua Chen，John Andrews14.Modelling and Remote Control of an ExcavatorYang Liu，Mohammad Shahidul Hasan，Hong-Nian Yu15.TOPSIS with Belief Structure for Group Belief Multiple Criteria Decision MakingJiang Jiang，Ying-Wu Chen，Da-Wei Tang，Yu-Wang Chen16.Video Analysis Based on Volumetric Event DetectionJing Wang，Zhi-Jie Xu17.Improving Decision Tree Performance by Exception HandlingAppavu Alias Balamurugan Subramanian，S.Pramala，B.Rajalakshmi，Ramasamy Rajaram18.Robustness Analysis of Discrete-time Indirect Model Reference Adaptive Control with Normalized Adaptive LawsQing-Zheng Gao，Xue-Jun Xie19.A Novel Lifecycle Model for Web-based Application Development in Small and Medium EnterprisesWei Huang，Ru Li，Carsten Maple，Hong-Ji Yang，David Foskett，Vince Cleaver20.Design of a Two-dimensional Recursive Filter Using the Bees AlgorithmD. T. Pham，Ebubekir Ko(c)21.Designing Genetic Regulatory Networks Using Fuzzy Petri Nets ApproachRaed I. Hamed，Syed I. Ahson，Rafat Parveen1.State of the Art and Emerging Trends in Operations and Maintenance of Offshore Oil and Gas Production Facilities: Some Experiences and ObservationsJayantha P.Liyanage2.Statistical Safety Analysis of Maintenance Management Process of Excavator UnitsLjubisa Papic，Milorad Pantelic，Joseph Aronov，Ajit Kumar Verma3.Improving Energy and Power Efficiency Using NComputing and Approaches for Predicting Reliability of Complex Computing SystemsHoang Pham，Hoang Pham Jr.4.Running Temperature and Mechanical Stability of Grease as Maintenance Parameters of Railway BearingsJan Lundberg，Aditya Parida，Peter S(o)derholm5.Subsea Maintenance Service Delivery: Mapping Factors Influencing Scheduled Service DurationEfosa Emmanuel Uyiomendo，Tore Markeset6.A Systemic Approach to Integrated E-maintenance of Large Engineering PlantsAjit Kumar Verma，A.Srividya，P.G.Ramesh7.Authentication and Access Control in RFID Based Logistics-customs Clearance Service PlatformHui-Fang Deng，Wen Deng，Han Li，Hong-Ji Yang8.Evolutionary Trajectory Planning for an Industrial RobotR.Saravanan，S.Ramabalan，C.Balamurugan，A.Subash9.Improved Exponential Stability Criteria for Recurrent Neural Networks with Time-varying Discrete and Distributed DelaysYuan-Yuan Wu，Tao Li，Yu-Qiang Wu10.An Improved Approach to Delay-dependent Robust Stabilization for Uncertain Singular Time-delay SystemsXin Sun，Qing-Ling Zhang，Chun-Yu Yang，Zhan Su，Yong-Yun Shao11.Robust Stability of Nonlinear Plants with a Non-symmetric Prandtl-Ishlinskii Hysteresis ModelChang-An Jiang，Ming-Cong Deng，Akira Inoue12.Stability Analysis of Discrete-time Systems with Additive Time-varying DelaysXian-Ming Tang，Jin-Shou Yu13.Delay-dependent Stability Analysis for Markovian Jump Systems with Interval Time-varying-delaysXu-Dong Zhao，Qing-Shuang Zeng14.H∞ Synchronization of Chaotic Systems via Delayed Feedback ControlLi Sheng，Hui-Zhong Yang15.Adaptive Fuzzy Observer Backstepping Control for a Class of Uncertain Nonlinear Systems with Unknown Time-delayShao-Cheng Tong，Ning Sheng16.Simulation-based Optimal Design of α-β-γ-δ FilterChun-Mu Wu，Paul P.Lin，Zhen-Yu Han，Shu-Rong Li17.Independent Cycle Time Assignment for Min-max SystemsWen-De Chen，Yue-Gang Tao，Hong-Nian Yu1.An Assessment Tool for Land Reuse with Artificial Intelligence MethodDieter D. Genske，Dongbin Huang，Ariane Ruff2.Interpolation of Images Using Discrete Wavelet Transform to Simulate Image Resizing as in Human VisionRohini S. Asamwar，Kishor M. Bhurchandi，Abhay S. Gandhi3.Watermarking of Digital Images in Frequency DomainSami E. I. Baba，Lala Z. Krikor，Thawar Arif，Zyad Shaaban4.An Effective Image Retrieval Mechanism Using Family-based Spatial Consistency Filtration with Object RegionJing Sun，Ying-Jie Xing5.Robust Object Tracking under Appearance Change ConditionsQi-Cong Wang，Yuan-Hao Gong，Chen-Hui Yang，Cui-Hua Li6.A Visual Attention Model for Robot Object TrackingJin-Kui Chu，Rong-Hua Li，Qing-Ying Li，Hong-Qing Wang7.SVM-based Identification and Un-calibrated Visual Servoing for Micro-manipulationXin-Han Huang，Xiang-Jin Zeng，Min Wang8.Action Control of Soccer Robots Based on Simulated Human IntelligenceTie-Jun Li，Gui-Qiang Chen，Gui-Fang Shao9.Emotional Gait Generation for a Humanoid RobotLun Xie，Zhi-Liang Wang，Wei Wang，Guo-Chen Yu10.Cultural Algorithm for Minimization of Binary Decision Diagram and Its Application in Crosstalk Fault DetectionZhong-Liang Pan，Ling Chen，Guang-Zhao Zhang11.A Novel Fuzzy Direct Torque Control System for Three-level Inverter-fed Induction MachineShu-Xi Liu，Ming-Yu Wang，Yu-Guang Chen，Shan Li12.Statistic Learning-based Defect Detection for Twill FabricsLi-Wei Han，De Xu13.Nonsaturation Throughput Enhancement of IEEE 802.11b Distributed Coordination Function for Heterogeneous Traffic under Noisy EnvironmentDhanasekaran Senthilkumar，A. Krishnan14.Structure and Dynamics of Artificial Regulatory Networks Evolved by Segmental Duplication and Divergence ModelXiang-Hong Lin，Tian-Wen Zhang15.Random Fuzzy Chance-constrained Programming Based on Adaptive Chaos Quantum Honey Bee Algorithm and Robustness AnalysisHan Xue，Xun Li，Hong-Xu Ma16.A Bit-level Text Compression Scheme Based on the ACW AlgorithmHussein A1-Bahadili，Shakir M. Hussain17.A Note on an Economic Lot-sizing Problem with Perishable Inventory and Economies of Scale Costs:Approximation Solutions and Worst Case AnalysisQing-Guo Bai，Yu-Zhong Zhang，Guang-Long Dong1.Virtual Reality: A State-of-the-Art SurveyNing-Ning Zhou，Yu-Long Deng2.Real-time Virtual Environment Signal Extraction and DenoisingUsing Programmable Graphics HardwareYang Su，Zhi-Jie Xu，Xiang-Qian Jiang3.Effective Virtual Reality Based Building Navigation Using Dynamic Loading and Path OptimizationQing-Jin Peng，Xiu-Mei Kang，Ting-Ting Zhao4.The Skin Deformation of a 3D Virtual HumanXiao-Jing Zhou，Zheng-Xu Zhao5.Technology for Simulating Crowd Evacuation BehaviorsWen-Hu Qin，Guo-Hui Su，Xiao-Na Li6.Research on Modelling Digital Paper-cut PreservationXiao-Fen Wang，Ying-Rui Liu，Wen-Sheng Zhang7.On Problems of Multicomponent System Maintenance ModellingTomasz Nowakowski，Sylwia Werbinka8.Soft Sensing Modelling Based on Optimal Selection of Secondary Variables and Its ApplicationQi Li，Cheng Shao9.Adaptive Fuzzy Dynamic Surface Control for Uncertain Nonlinear SystemsXiao-Yuan Luo，Zhi-Hao Zhu，Xin-Ping Guan10.Output Feedback for Stochastic Nonlinear Systems with Unmeasurable Inverse DynamicsXin Yu，Na Duan11.Kalman Filtering with Partial Markovian Packet LossesBao-Feng Wang，Ge Guo12.A Modified Projection Method for Linear FeasibilityProblemsYi-Ju Wang，Hong-Yu Zhang13.A Neuro-genetic Based Short-term Forecasting Framework for Network Intrusion Prediction SystemSiva S. 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Kannan14.New Delay-dependent Global Asymptotic Stability Condition for Hopfield Neural Networks with Time-varying DelaysGuang-Deng Zong，Jia Liu hHTTp://15.Crosscumulants Based Approaches for the Structure Identification of Volterra ModelsHouda Mathlouthi，Kamel Abederrahim，Faouzi Msahli，Gerard Favier1.Coalition Formation in Weighted Simple-majority Games under Proportional Payoff Allocation RulesZhi-Gang Cao，Xiao-Guang Yang2.Stability Analysis for Recurrent Neural Networks with Time-varying DelayYuan-Yuan Wu，Yu-Qiang Wu3.A New Type of Solution Method for the Generalized Linear Complementarity Problem over a Polyhedral ConeHong-Chun Sun，Yan-Liang Dong4.An Improved Control Algorithm for High-order Nonlinear Systems with Unmodelled DynamicsNa Duan，Fu-Nian Hu，Xin Yu5.Controller Design of High Order Nonholonomic System with Nonlinear DriftsXiu-Yun Zheng，Yu-Qiang Wu6.Directional Filter for SAR Images Based on NonsubsampledContourlet Transform and Immune Clonal SelectionXiao-Hui Yang，Li-Cheng Jiao，Deng-Feng Li7.Text Extraction and Enhancement of Binary Images Using Cellular AutomataG. 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Essential knowledge of electronic engineers (1)Operational amplifiers are widely used in analog and digital circuits with simple peripheral components. There are several models of op amps, and there are several differences in detailed performance parameters, but the principle is the same as the application method.An op amp typically has two inputs, a positive input and an inverted input, and one and only one output. In addition to two inputs and one output, some op amps have several performance-compensating pins.The resistance of the photoresistor changes significantly as the intensity of the light changes. Therefore, it can be used to make smart curtains, street light automatic switches, camera shutter time auto adjusters, and the like.A reed switch is an electronic component that can control the on and off of a circuit by a magnetic field. The inside of the reed pipe is composed of a soft magnetic metal reed. In the case of a magnetic field, the metal reed can gather magnetic lines of force and be subjected to a force to achieve the function of turning on or off.Essential knowledge of electronic engineers (2)The role of the capacitor is in three words: "charge and discharge." Do not underestimate these three words, because these three words, the capacitor can pass the alternating current, cut off the direct current; pass the high-frequency alternating current, hinder the low-frequency alternating current.If the function of the capacitor is in eight words, it is: "Blocking through, the high impedance is low." These eight words are based on the words "charge and discharge", do not understand it does not matter, first memorize hard .The filter capacitor can be selected according to the output current of the DC power supply and the power requirement of the latter stage (circuit or product). Generally, it is suitable for each 1 amp current corresponding to 1000UF-4700UF.Essential knowledge of electronic engineers (3)The role of the inductor is in four words: "Electromagnetic conversion." Do not underestimate these four words, because these four words, the inductor can block the AC, through the DC; through the low-frequency AC, hinder the high-frequency AC. The function of the inductor is then used in eight words: "The traffic is straight, the low impedance is high." These eight words are based on the word "electromagnetic conversion".The inductor is the dead end of the capacitor. In addition, the inductor has such a characteristic that the current and the magnetic field must exist at the same time. When the current is to disappear, the magnetic field will disappear; the magnetic field will disappear, the current will disappear; the magnetic field will change in the north and south, and the positive and negative currents will also change.The current and magnetic field inside the inductor have been "playing civil war". The current wants to change, and the magnetic field does not change. The magnetic field wants to change, and the current does not change. However, due to external factors, both current and magnetic fields may have to change. Adding voltage to the inductor coil, the current wants to increase from zero, but the magnetic field will oppose, so the current has to be gradually increased; the voltage is removed from the inductor, the current wants to change from large to zero, but the magnetic field has to be opposed, but the current loop No, the current has been forced to zero, the magnetic field will be angry, and immediately generate a very high voltage across the inductor inan attempt to generate current and maintain the current. This voltage is very high and can even damage electronic components, which is the self-inductance of the coil.Adding a varying magnetic field to an inductor coil produces a current as long as the coil has a closed loop. If there is no loop, a voltage is generated across the coil. The purpose of generating voltage is to attempt to generate current. When two or more coils share a single core (the action of the concentrated magnetic lines of force) or share a magnetic field, the current and the magnetic field between the coils interact with each other, which is the mutual inductance of the current.As you can see, the inductor is actually a wire, and the resistance of the inductor to DC is small, even negligible. The inductor exhibits a large electrical resistance to the alternating current.The series and parallel connection of the inductor is very complicated, because the inductor is actually a wire distributed in a certain position, so the series and parallel connection of the inductor are also related to the position of the inductor (mainly related to the interaction of the magnetic field), if not Considering the effects of magnetic field, distributed capacitance, and wire resistance (Q value), it is equivalent to the series and parallel effects of the resistor.The higher the frequency of the alternating current, the greater the hindrance of the inductance. The lower the frequency of the alternating current, the smaller the hindrance of the inductance. When the inductor and the fully charged capacitor are connected in parallel, the capacitor discharge will give the inductor, the inductor will generate a magnetic field, the magnetic field will maintain the current, and the current will reversely charge the capacitor. After the reverse charging, it will discharge again and again. If there is no loss, Or it can supplement this loss in time, and it will produce stable oscillation.Essential knowledge for electronic engineers (4)Coupling is the meaning of transmitting signals. Photocouplers are naturally used to complete the transmission of electrical signals. Generally, there is an electronic component that has a light-emitting portion and a receiving portion that are integrated and fabricated. Usually four active pins (ie, four pins are active in the circuit) are a group.Optocouplers have the advantage of being able to easily isolate the power supply and are most commonly used in primary and secondary isolation of utility power switching power supplies. In addition, there are many applications in computer peripheral communication, and multiple sets of photocouplers (minimum four pins per group) can be integrated in one component. Piezoelectric ceramic sheets can perform excellent vibration detectors. They are electro-acoustic devices that can hear sound when an audio voltage is applied. When subjected to vibration (mechanical deformation), a weak voltage can be induced.When welding, properly adjust the welded part, soldering iron tip, solder wire (with flux), make the three points in one, fully contact, when the soldering place has the proper solder and flux, the solder wire should be removed. . The welding process is usually suitable for 2-3 seconds. Flux: Pine perfume is often used as a flux in the factory. Everyone can make amateur homemade, using industrial alcohol (medical alcohol is more expensive, no need) to melt rosin. Keep an eye out: don't overdo it at a time, and the concentration can be flexibly controlled.Essential knowledge of electronic engineers (5)The role and function of the diode is in four words: "unidirectional conduction." Diodes are commonly used for rectification, detection, voltage regulation, clamping, and protection circuits.A rectifier diode is placed in the power supply circuit of the Walkman. When the DC power supplyis connected, no current will be generated and the Walkman will not be damaged.Adding a forward voltage of less than 0.6V to the diode (silicon data), the diode basically does not generate current (there is no more current in the reverse direction), this voltage is called dead zone voltage, threshold voltage, threshold voltage, conduction Voltage, etc.The function and function of the triode is completed by four words: "The resistance is variable." Since the resistance value equivalent to the triode can be changed indefinitely, the triode can be used to design a switching circuit, an amplifying circuit, and an oscillating circuit.The collector current of the triode is equal to the base current multiplied by the amplification factor. When the base current is large enough, the collector current cannot be increased for various reasons. At this time, the collector voltage is already equal to or close to the emitter. The voltage is equivalent to a resistance value of 0 ohms.Convinced that the triode's amplification state is tricky: the emitter junction is positively biased, and the collector junction is reverse biased.The triode is a current controlled device, and the FET is a voltage controlled device. FET performance is excellent, but in discrete components, low supply voltage adaptability is worse than triode.FETs are voltage-controlled devices that are easily damaged by static electricity. Therefore, most of the FETs have protection diodes.The thyristor is actually a high-speed electronic switch with no mechanical contacts. This switch requires a small current to master. This switch has a self-locking function, that is, after the conduction is removed, the current can still be maintained, and once it is turned off, the off state can be maintained.Essential knowledge of electronic engineers (6)The resistors are usually marked with a color circle. The color standard method uses ten colors of brown, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple, gray, white and black to represent 1234567890 ten Arabic numerals. The two colors of gold and silver represent the magnification of 0.1, 0.01 or 5%, 10 %. The kit comes with a physical sample of color samples and a variety of color ring resistors.A common four-color ring is to read three significant digits, one or two digits represent a significant number, and the third digit represents a magnification. For example: yellow purple gold, the three significant digits are 472, which means that 47 times 102 (or two zeros) is equal to 4700, which is 4.7K ohms; another example: brown black gold, three significant digits are 100, indicating 10 times Let 100 (or add 0 0) equal 10, that is, 10 ohms.In the course of the experiment, if the base of the triode and other pins do not have unidirectional conduction characteristics (or the unidirectional conduction characteristics are not obvious), the triode is bad; in addition, even if the unidirectional conduction characteristics are normal, However, it cannot be controlled or unstable by the base. It also indicates that the triode is bad or has poor performance.When the thyristor adds a suitable trigger current to the control electrode, the thyristor can change from the off state to the on state. At this time, we cancel the trigger current of the gate, but the thyristor can still maintain the on state. . If the current flowing through the thyristor begins to become smaller, when less than the ability to maintain conduction, the thyristor is turned off and will not turn on until the next trigger.Essential knowledge of electronic engineers (7)As early as 2,000 years ago, people discovered electrical and magnetic phenomena. China invented Sinan as early as the Warring States Period (475-211 BC). The true understanding and widespread application of electricity and magnetism by humans has only been more than one hundred years old. Under the impetus of the first industrial revolution, many scientists have made in-depth and meticulous research on electrical and magnetic phenomena, and thus made significant progress. It has been found that charged objects repel each other and attract opposite sex, which is similar to magnetic phenomena.In 1785, the French physicist Coulomb put forward the "Coulomb's law" that later generations called on the basis of summing up the understanding of the electromagnetic phenomena of the predecessors, so that the phenomenon of electricity and magnetism was unified.In 1800, the Italian physicist Volt developed a chemical battery and obtained a continuous battery by artificial means, which created the first condition for the study of electrical and magnetic relations.In 1822, on the basis of a lot of work done by the predecessors, the British Faraday proposed the law of electromagnetic induction, which proved that "magnetic" can produce "electricity", which laid the foundation for the principle of generators and motors.In 1837, the American painter Morse designed a more practical telegraph machine that transmitted information by code on the basis of his predecessors. Later, he established the world's first telegraph line between Washington and Baltimore.In 1876, Bell of the United States invented the telephone and realized the earliest analog communication of human beings. On the basis of summing up the work of the predecessors, Maxwell of the United Kingdom proposed a complete "electromagnetic theory", which is represented by four differential equations. This is what later people call "Maxwell's equations." Maxwell concluded that the moving charge can generate electromagnetic radiation, forming an invisible electromagnetic wave that gradually spreads outward. Although he did not propose the term "radio", his electromagnetic theory has already told people that "electricity" can be transmitted "wirelessly".Essential knowledge of electronic engineers (8)For beginners' electronic knowledge, please think of "electricity" as "water" first, "circuit" as "waterway"; then learn some common terminology, and recognize several commonly used electronic components and their functions against physical objects; experiment.Any electronic product is composed of electronic components. Learning electronic technology requires learning electronic components first.The combination of electronic components becomes an electronic circuit, which is also the basic knowledge. With the knowledge of electronic components and electronic circuits, electronic tools will also be used, and you should do more practical product warfare.The best thing that can benefit from learning electronics is self-installed audio and amplifier. Appreciating music itself is a kind of beautiful enjoyment, but it is a new realm to enjoy with its own achievements.It’s easier to learn electronic computers than to learn electronic computers. A friend who knows electronics uses a computer to learn the outside of the computer. A friend who does not know electronics learns from inside the computer.What are the "fields"? A sports field often refers to a range in which people can exercise. An electric field is a range in which electricity generates force. A magnetic field is a range in whichmagnetic force produces force. Others are similar.A conductor that is relatively easy to pass through. Insulator, an object that is hard to pass. There is no obvious limitation between the conductor and the insulator. The conductor and the insulator are relatively opposite to each other with a difference in electrical conductivity.There are a number of objects that exhibit different conductive states under common different physical conditions (temperature, electric field, magnetic field, illumination, doping, etc.). We call these objects semiconductors.With conductors, insulators and semiconductors, we can produce a wide variety of electronic components, and we can easily and easily detect and utilize electrical energy.The switch is actually a shunt and an opener. It is a component whose resistance changes between zero ohms and infinity. This is the same as the effect and principle of the tap switch.At any time, as long as current flows, there must be a closed path. This path is the current loop. Regardless of the internals of the power supply, the current must flow from the positive pole to the negative pole.The power supply is equivalent to a special electronic component that has a closed path to generate current. No conductors and other electronic components are connected in a closed path and no current is generated.There is no current when there is no loop, and there must be a loop when there is current. (AC current does not require a physical path, and vacuum and air can form a current loop.)There is a water difference between the two different water levels, which is the water pressure. If there is a water pipe between the water pressure, the water will flow and the water will be dragged. The thinner the water pipe, the greater the resistance and the smaller the water flow; the higher the water pressure, the greater the water flow. Voltage is the potential difference between two objects, which is the voltage. If there is a conductive path between the voltages, current will be generated in this path. The larger the resistance, the smaller the current; the higher the voltage, the larger the current.Water pressure, water flow, water resistance. The direction of water flow is from high to low (not counting the pump); the analogy of electricity: voltage, current, resistance. The direction of electrical flow is from the positive pole to the negative pole (not counting the power supply). The water level difference between the two water levels is equal to the water pressure; the potential difference between the two electrodes is equal to the voltage. The high water level is equivalent to the positive electrode and the low water level is equivalent to the negative electrode.Essential knowledge for electronic engineers (9)Electronic components such as resistors, capacitors, and diodes have two pins. These components must be connected to their pins according to certain rules during use.The triode is equivalent to a resistor whose resistance can be controlled. Then the two legs of the collector and the emitter of the triode are equivalent to one resistor, and the base acts as a control.There are two basic connections for all electronic components. Parallel: The voltage across the parallel circuit is equal. Series: The currents in the series are equal.Parallel and series are the most basic circuit connections. No matter how complicated the circuit can be decomposed into basic parallel and series, all the electronic components also form a current loop because of the parallel connection and the series connection.The resistance of the resistor is smaller and smaller, which is equivalent to the increase of the water pipe, the widening of the passage, and the resistance of the water flow becomes smaller; the resistance of the resistor is larger and larger, which is equivalent to the lengthening of the water pipe, the passage becomes longer, and the resistance of the water flow becomes longer. Big.When measuring the voltage, the voltmeter must be connected in parallel on both ends of the test. The internal resistance of the voltmeter consumes a small current to deflect the pointer.。

标注英语怎么说标注指在跑道上标示距离的牌柱。

那么，你知道标注的英语怎么说吗?标注的英语释义：label标注的英语例句：该文介绍了一种基于笔交互的标注工具,用户可以在电子文档上使用笔进行任意标注。

The paper introduces an annotation tool based on pen interaction.这篇论文的目的在于研究如何充分利用少量的手工标注数据训练得到尽可能精确的语音重音自动标注器。

An efficient and reliable automatic prosody labeler is always desired.标注图标被放置在专用标注注释出现的地方。

The callouts bugs are placed exactly where the special callout comment is situated.增添了地图标图的功能，使用户可以在地图上添加各种标注信息，实现电子地图个个性化显示。

Add the plotting function in the electronic map.开发一种用于标注的系统。

Develop a system for labeling.为幅员辽阔的国家绘制地图，想把每个地区都详细标注是件困难的事。

It is hard to map all the regions of big countries.彩盒上都应该标注所有产品的型号和件数。

All items should have model nos clearly marked on the gift box and the unit.使用标签标注你的信息。

Use labels to mark your messages.总尺寸一般应该标注。

The overall dimension should always appear.而且用图钉在地图上标注跟踪它们的动向。

And he had tracked their movements with pins on maps.有一天是用红色标注的。

AGC Automatic Generation Control 自动发电控制AMR Automatic Message Recording 自动抄表AMS Alarm Management System报警管理系统APC Advanced Process Control高级过程控制ASS Automatic Synchronized System 自动准同期装置ATS Automatic Transform System 厂用电源快速切换装置AVR Automatic Voltage Regulator 自动电压调节器BCS Burner Control System 燃烧器控制系统BEM Battery Extension Module电源扩展模块BMS Burner Management System 燃烧器管理系统BOG Boil Off Gas气体蒸发C&E Cause and Effect起因和影响CAS Cascade级联CAT5 Category 5 type cable 5类线CCB Central Control Building中心控制大楼CCR Central Control Room中心控制室CCS Coordinated Control System 协调控制系统CCTV Closed Circuit Television闭路电视CIS Consumer Information System 用户信息系统CP Control Panel控制面板CPM DCS Controller (C200)DCS 控制器 (C200)CPU Central Processing Unit中央处理器CRMS Control Room Management System 控制室管理系统CRT Cathode Ray Tube 阴极射线管CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection载波监听多路访问/冲突检测CV Control Valve控制阀DA Distribution Automation 配电自动化DAS Data Acquisition System 数据采集与处理系统DCS Distributed Control System 分散控制系统DCS Distributed Control System集散控制系统DDC Direct Digital Control 直接数字控制（系统）DEH Digital Electronic Hydraulic Control 数字电液(调节系统)Deutsche工业标准(德国工业标准)DIN Deutsche Industries Norm (German Industrial Standard)DMS Distribution Management System 配电管理系统DP Differential Pressure微分压力DPU Distributed Processing Unit 分布式处理单元DSM Demand Side Management 需求侧管理EEMUA Engineering Equipment and Material Users Association工程设备和材料用户协会EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility电磁兼容性EMS Energy Management System 能量管理系统ESD Emergency Shutdown紧急停车ETS Emergency Trip System 汽轮机紧急跳闸系统EWS Engineering Working Station 工程师工作站EWS Engineering WorkStation工程工作站F&G Fire And Gas火气FA Feeder Automation 馈线自动化FAT Factory Acceptance Test工厂验收测试FB Functional Block功能模块FCS Fieldbus Control System 现场总线控制系统FGS Fire And Gas System火气系统FIM Field Information Management现场信息管理FIR Field Instrument Room现场设备室FSC Shielded twisted pair故障安全控制器FSS Fuel Safety System 燃料安全系统FSSS Furnace Safeguard Supervisory System 炉膛安全监控系统FTA Field Terminal Assembly现场集线端子FTB Field Terminal Block现场模块端子FTE Fault Tolerant Ethernet容错以太网FTEB FTE Bridge Module FTE 网桥模块FTU Feeder Terminal Unit 馈线远方终端GIS Gas Insulated Switchgear 气体绝缘开关设备GPS Global Position System 全球定位系统GPS Global Positioning System全球定位系统GRP Glass Reinforced Plastic玻璃钢HART Highway Addressable Remote Transducer高速可编址远程传感器HCS Hierarchical Control System 分级控制系统HEC Honk Kong Electric香港电气HKCG Hong Kong China Gas中国香港燃气HMI Human Machine Interface人机界面HVAC Heating Ventilation And Air Conditioning暖通和空调I/O Input /Output输入/输出IEC International Electro-technical Commission国际电工委员会IOLIM IO Link Interface Module IO 接口模块IOLIM IOs – IO link Interface Module IOs – IO 接口模块IP Ingress Protection入口保护IR Infra-red红外IRP Interposing Relay Panel插入式继电器盘IS Intrinsically Safe本质安全JCR Jetty Control Room码头控制室LAN Local Area Network本地网络LCD Liquid Crystal Display 液晶显示屏LCP Local Control Panel 就地控制柜LFAP Local Fire Alarm Panel本地火警面版LNG Liquefied Natural Gas液化天然气LTD Level, Temperature, Density combined measurement of LNG tanks LNG罐的液位，温度，密度综合测量MAC Manual Alarm Call point手动报警点MAN Manual手动MC Marshalling Cabinet集线柜MCB Miniature Circuit Breaker小型回路断路器MCC Motor Control Centre电机控制中心MFAP Main Fire Alarm Panel主火警面版MIS Management Information System信息管理系统MMS Maintenance Management System维护管理系统MOS Maintenance Override Switch维护超控开关MOV Motor Operated Valve电机操作阀MTBF Mean Time Between Failures平均故障间隔时间MTO Material Take Off材料提取MTTR Mean Time To Repair平均修复时间MV Measured Value测量值NG Natural Gas天然气NIS Non Intrinsically Safe非本质安全NPS Nominal Pipe Size标定管道尺寸NTP Net Time Protocol网络时间协议OOS Operational Override Switch可操超控开关OP Output输出OPC Object Linking And Embedding For Process Control基于过程控制的嵌入式对象连接orV Open Rack Vaporizer开架蒸馏器OTS Operator Training Simulator操作员培训模拟器P&ID Process And Instrument Diagram过程和仪表图PCN Plant Control Network工厂控制网络PIN Plant Information Network工厂信息网络PKS Process knowledge system (Honeywell control system)过程知识系统 (Honeywell 控制系统)PLC Programmable Logic Controller可编程逻辑控制器PRT Printer打印机PSU Power Supply Unit电源单元PTFE Polytetrafluoroethane聚四氟乙烯PV Process Value过程阀RM Redundancy Module冗余模块RM Redundancy Module冗余模块RPS Rack Power Supply机架电源RTD Resistance Temperature Detector电阻温度探测器RTIS Real Time Information System实时信息系统RTU Remote Transmission Unit远程传送单元SAT Site Acceptance Test现场验收测试SCADA System of Control And Data Acquisition监视控制与数据采集系统SCV Submerged Combustion Vaporiser水下燃烧蒸馏器SER Sequence Of Event Recorder事件记录序列SIGTTO Society Of International Gas Tanker And Terminal Operators国际液化气船及码头经营人协会SIL Safety Integrity Level安全整合等级SIS Safety Instrumented System安全仪表化系统SP Set Point设置点SS Stainless Steel不锈钢STP Shielded Twisted Pair屏蔽双绞线TC Thermocouple热电偶TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol传输控制协议/网际协议TDAS Tank Data Acquisition System罐数据采集系统TFT Thin Film Technology薄膜技术UCP Unit Control Panel (Packaged Equipment)单元控制面板 (打包设备)UPS Uninterruptable Power Supply不间断电源VAC Volts Alternating Current交流电压VCB Vaccum Control Breaker真空控制断路器VDC Volts – Direct Current直流电压VDU Visual Display Unit视频显示装置VESDA Very Early Smoke Detection Apparatus烟尘预报侦测仪VFC Volt Free Contact电压自由触点VSD Variable Speed Drive变速驱动器WAN Wide Area Network广域网。

XO Enterprise SIP Portal: Quick Start GuideWelcome! As an XO Enterprise SIP customer, you have access to a full suite of online tools to help you manage your XO services. These capabilities are available to you 24x7 via the XO Business Center, our robust and easy-to-use customer self-service website.XO Business Center NavigationThe top navigation bar takes you to the main functional areas within the Business Center: My Account, Billing, Network Management, Orders, Support, Contact Us, and Help.My AccountThis Overview page displays up to five Billing Locations with the current balance due for each, and five of your most recently submitted support requests and trouble tickets. You can also perform searches to display information on service locations, trouble tickets and telephone numbers/circuit IDs.In the Manage Users section you can create and approve new Business Center users, and view and update the existing users’ status. Go to My Profile section to update your account information or change your password. In the Notification Preferences section you can sign upto receive network outage and proactive maintenance notifications, and billing email alerts and reminders. BillingView current balance due, invoice date, and due datefor each of your accounts. Access and download up to 13 months of account statements and call detail in your choice of PDF, CSV or XML formats. Go Green by signing up for paperless billing. Pay your bills online or set up automatic payments.Network ManagementPreview Repair and Networking activity via convenient dashboards. Create trouble tickets and view/update their status. View and export your XO circuit inventory and active circuit alarms. Access a near-real time interactive map of your active circuit alarms. View and receive network outage and maintenance notifications.OrdersView your orders and their status, learn about the service installation process, export all orders at the account level or location level, get a detailed view of each order andall related orders, access order summaries, and accept/ decline your orders*.*for Enterprise SIP orders onlySupportUse the Message Center tab to access the list of all issues submitted within the last 90 days. Search for and display details of each Network Alert, trouble ticket or billing inquiry by clicking on the reference number. Access the online Knowledge Base for answers to frequently asked questions by clicking on the Help tab.Contact UsSubmit issues to XO Customer Care; initiate trouble tickets and check their status; contact XO Customer Care agents.HelpAccess the online Knowledge Base for answers to frequently asked questions and troubleshooting advice. Search by topic for up-to-date billing, troubleshooting and support information.A B C D EF GDEFGOnline Feature Management (OFM) for Enterprise SIP CustomersOnline Feature Management lets your group administrator easily access and configure services and telephone features on your organization’s phone lines, including:• Place orders to add or disconnect phone numbers• Manage account codes• Configure Automatic Call Routing*• E dit phone number and business name displayed in Caller ID• Set up Call Forwarding and Call Waiting• Manage directory listings• View your consolidated network diagram• View and analyze your session utilization* Not available in configurations where a customer already has failover between two or more IP-PBXs Navigating the OFMThe Location Details page lets you access the tools to manage your XO Enterprise SIP services (Online Feature Management).First, search for the desired service location, branch or phone number by entering the street address, city, or state in the search bar and clicking Find. If multiple locations match the criteria,a list of locations will be displayed. Select the desired location from the list.You can also click on the location address if it’s shown on the list of the Most Viewed Locations below the search bar.Location ProfileDisplays recently viewed locations andnumbers. Allows you to quickly look upprofiles of your service locations, branchesand phone numbers by clicking on theappropriate link.Managing Services at a Branch LocationThe Manage This Location menu on the right displays all feature management options available to perform for this branch location.Placing OrdersFollow a four-step process to manage features or place orders to add, reassign or disconnect phone numbers:Step 1: Find and select location(s)Step 2: Choose a feature to manage or select new service type, request a date for service installation, and calculate pricing informationStep 3: Configure service detailsStep 4: Review and submit orderAdd the following VoIP features to yourphone lines, quickly and easily:Call Forwarding AlwaysEnables a user to redirect incoming calls to another phone number. End user has the option to activate and deactivate the service by dialing a feature code. If activated, a user must specify the forwarding number.Automatic Call Routing (ACR)A business continuity failover option that automatically redirects an incoming call to an alternate number allowing your organization to maintain optimal performance anduptime in the event of an unforeseen interruption in service. Note: ACR is not available in Enterprise SIP configurations where a customer already has failover between two or more IP-PBXs.Account CodesEnable the tracking of outbound calls made to numbers outside the service location by prompting users for a code. You can change account codes online and specify which lines should have account codes. For locations usingaccount codes, your invoice call detail record (CDR) section will be arranged by account code. Account codes can also be useful in tracking calls billed to clients (e.g., law offices). You may select verified or non-verified account codes, but not both.Add Phone NumbersYou can add Direct Inward Dial extensions (DIDs) in blocks of 20 and 100, providing flexibility and scalability to meet the needs of growing businesses and multiple locations.Quick Tip : Making outbound callsPlease ensure that you and your end users are dialing 10 digits for all calls. You should not dial a “1” before any call. Credit card and fax machines, modems and other customer-premise equipment must be programmed for 10 digits only.Usage ReportingWhen your Enterprise SIP service is provisioned and installed, you get immediate access to usage reporting via your Business Center account. You can view and analyze your session usage anytime without having to call XO Customer Care.To access your usage reports, first find the location for which you want to view a report. Go to the Location Details page and either search for a specific location or click on an address from the list of recently viewed locations. Once you found the needed location, click on the Manage Services tab and scroll down to find Usage Reporting link or click on the View Usage Reports link in the Quick Links box on the right-hand side.Both of the links take you to a site where you will be able to view the following reports:• Usage Reports (shows your Enterprise SIP session utilization)• MIB Stats • Call Bursting© Copyright 2012. XO Communications, LLC. All rights reserved. XOESIPQSG1112。

美国大学CS专业十三大研究方向美国大学CS专业的研究分支也超级多，不同分支对学生的要求也会不同，因此，学生们要依照自己的条件选择适合自己的研究方向。

一、体系结构、编译器和并行计算 Architecture, Compilers and Parallel Computing 体系结构和编译器的研究要紧集中在硬件设计，编程语言和下一代编译器。

并行计算研究的包括范围很广，包括并行计算的计算模型，并行算法，并行编译器设计等。

二、系统与网络 Systems and Networking可细分为：(1)网络与散布式系统(Networking and distributed systems)：移动通信系统，无线网络协议(wireless protocols)，Ad-hoc网络，效劳质量治理(Quality of Service management，QoS)，多媒体网络，运算机对等联网(peer-to-peer networking, P2P)，路由，网络模拟，主动队列治理(active queue management, AQM)和传感器网络(sensor networks)。

(2)操作系统(Operating system)：散布式资源治理，普适计算(ubiquitous computing/pervasive computing)环境治理，反射中间件(reflective middleware)，中间件元级操作系统(middleware “meta-operating systems”)，面向对象操作系统设计，许诺单个用户与多运算机、对等操作系统效劳交互的用户设计，上下文灵敏的散布式文件系统，数据中心的电源治理，文件/存储系统，自主计算(autonomic computing)，软件健壮性的系统支持和数据库的系统支持。

(3)平安(Security): 隐私，普适计算，无线传感器(wireless sensors)，移动式和嵌入式运算机，标准，认证，验证策略，QoS保证和拒绝效劳爱惜，下一代通信，操作系统虚拟化和认证，关键基础设施系统，例如SCADA操纵系统和医疗，消息系统，平安网关，可用性平安。

.李雅普诺夫稳定性自动化专业英语词汇表公告记录成长的脚印,分享败绩、成功的智慧。

(大部门日记转自采集,如有侵权,即删。

) 日记总数： 47 品题数目： 42 访问次数： 15577 acceptance testing 验收测试 accumulated error积累误差 ac-dc-ac frequency converter 交-直-交变频器 ac(alternatingcurrent)electric drive交流电子传动 active attitude stabilization主动姿态稳定 actuator 驱动器,执行机构 adaline 线性适应元daptation layer适应层 adaptive telemeter system 适应遥测系统 adjoint operator 陪同算子 admissible error容许误差 aggregationmatrix结集矩阵ahp(analytic你好 erarchy process)条理分析法 amplifying element放大环节analog-digital conversion模数转换 ntenna pointing control接收天线指向控制anti-integral windup抗积分饱卷 aperiodic decomposition非周期分解 a posteriori estimate笱楣兰?approximate reasoning类似推理 a priori estimate 先验估计 articulated robot关节型机器人 assignment problem配置问题,分配问题 associative memory model遐想记忆模子 asymptotic stability渐进稳定性 attained pose drift现实位姿漂移 attitude acquisition姿态捕获aocs(attritude and orbit control system)姿态轨道控制系统 attitude angular velocity姿态角速度 attitude disturbance姿态扰动 attitude maneuver 姿态机动 augment ability可扩充性 augmented system增广系统 automatic manual station不用人力-手动操作器 autonomous system自治系统 backlash characteristics间隙特征 base coordinate system基座坐标系bayes classifier 贝叶斯分类器 bearing alignment 方位瞄准 bellows pressure gauge 波纹管压力表 benefit-cost analysis 收入成本分析 bilinear system 双线性系统 biocybernetics 生物控制论 biological feedback system 生物反馈系统black box testing approach 黑箱测试法 blind search 盲目搜索 block diagonalization 块对于角化 boltzman mac 你好 ne 玻耳兹曼机 bottom-up development 自下而上开辟 boundary value analysis 界限值分析 brainstorming method 头脑风暴法 breadth-first search 广度优先搜索 cae(computer aided engineering) 计较机匡助工程 cam(computer aided manufacturing) 计较机匡助创造 camflex valve 偏疼旋转阀 canonical state vari able 标准化状况变量capacitive displacementtransducer 电容式位移传感器 capsule pressure gauge 膜盒压力表 card 计较机匡助研究开辟 cartesian robot 直角坐标型机器人cascadecompensation 串联赔偿 catastrophe theory 突变论 chained aggregation 链式结集 characteristic locus 特征轨迹 chemical propulsion 化学推进classical information pattern 经典信息标准样式 clinical controlsystem 临床控制系统关上 d loop pole 闭环极点关上 d looptransfer function 闭环传递函数cluster analysis 聚类分析 coarse-finecontrol 粗- 精控制 cobweb model 蜘蛛网模子 coefficient matrix 凳?卣?cognitive science 认知科学 coherent system 枯燥关接洽统 combination decision 组合决定计划 combinatorial explosion 组合爆炸combined pressure and vacuum gauge 压力真空表 command pose 指令位姿companion matrix 相伴矩阵 compartmental model 房室模子 compatibility 相容性,兼容性 compensating network 赔偿采集 compensation 赔偿,矫正compliance 柔顺, 适应 composite control 组合控制 computable general equilibrium model 可计较普通均衡模子 conditionallyinstability 条件不稳定性connectionism 毗连机制 conservative system 守恒系统 constraint condition 约束条件 consumption function 消费函数 context-free grammar 上下文无关语法continuous discrete eventhybrid system simulation 连续离散事件混淆系统仿真continuous duty 连续事情制 control accuracy 控制精密度 control cabinet 控制柜controllability index 可控指数 controllable canonical form 可控标准型[control]plant 控制对于象,被控对于象 controlling instrument 控制仪表 control moment gyro 控制力矩捻捻转儿 control panel 控制屏,控制盘 control synchro 控制 [式]自整角机 control system synthesis 控制系统综合 control time horizon 控制时程 cooperativegame 互助对于策 coordinability condition 可协调条件coordinationstrategy 协调计谋 corner frequency 迁移转变频率 costate variable 蔡?淞?cost-effectiveness analysis 用度效益分析 coupling ofrbit and attitude 轨道以及姿态耦合 critical damping 临界阻尼 ritical stability 临界稳定性 cross-over frequency 穿越频率,交越频率 current source inverter 电流[源]型逆变器 cut-off frequency 截止频率 cyclic remote control 循环遥控 cylindrical robot 圆柱坐标型机器人 damped oscillation 阻尼振动 damping ratio 阻尼比 data acquisition 数值采集 data encryption 数值加密 data preprocessing 数值预处理 data processor 数值处理器 dc generator-motor set drive 直流发机电-电动机组传动 d controller 微分控制器 decentralizedstochastic control 分散 rand 控制 decision space 决定计划空间 decisionsupport system 决定计划支持系统 decomposition-aggregation approach 分解结集法 decoupling parameter 解耦参量 deductive-inductive hybrid modeling method 演绎与归纳混淆建模法 delayed telemetry 延时遥测derivation tree 导出树 derivative feedback 微分反馈 describingfunction 描写函数 desired value 希望值deterministic automaton 确定性不用人力机 deviation alarm 误差报警器 dfd 数值流图 diagnosticmodel 诊断模子 diagonally dominant matrix 对于角主导矩阵diaphragmpressure gauge 膜片压力表 difference equation model 差分方程模子differential dynamical system 微分动力学系统 differential game⒎侄圆differential pressure level meter 差压液位计 differentialpressure transmitter 差压变送器 differential transformer displacementtransducer 差动变压器式位移传感器 differentiation element 微分环节 digital filer 数码滤波器 digital signal processing 数码旌旗灯号处理 digitizer 数码化仪 dimension transducer 尺度传感器 direct coordination 直接协调 discrete event dynamic system 离散事件动态系统 discretesystem simulation language 离散系统仿真语言 discriminant function 判别函数 displacement vibration amplitude transducer 位移波幅传感器dissipative structure 耗扩散局 distributed parameter control system 漫衍参量控制系统 disturbance compensation 扰动赔偿 domain knowledge 范畴常识dominant pole 主导极点 dose-response model 剂量反映模子 dual modulation telemetering system 两重调制遥测系统 dualprinciple 对于偶原理 dual spin stabilization 双自旋稳定 duty ratio 负载比 dynamic braking 能耗制动 dynamic characteristics 动态特征 dynamic deviation 动态误差 dynamic error coefficient 动态误差系数 dynamic exactness 动它吻合性 dynamic input-outputmodel 动态投入产出模子 econometric model 计量经济模子 economiccybernetics 经济控制论 economic effectiveness 经济效益 economicvaluation 经济评价 economic index 经济指数 economic in dicator 经济指标 eddy current t 你好 ckness meter 电涡流厚度计 effectivenesstheory 效益意见 elasticity of demand 需求弹性 electric actuator 电动执行机构 electric conductancelevelmeter 电导液位计 electricdrive control gear 电动传动控制设备 electric hydraulic converter 电-液转换器 electric pneumatic converter 电-气转换器electrohydraulicservo vale 电液伺服阀 electromagnetic flow transducer 电磁流量传感器 electronic batc 你好 ng scale 电子配料秤 electronic belt conveyorscale 电子皮带秤 electronic hopper scale 电子料斗秤 emergencystop 异样住手empirical distribution 经验漫衍 endogenous variable 内发生变故量equilibrium growth 均衡增长 equilibrium point 平衡点 equivalence partitioning 等价类区分清晰 error-correction parsing 纠错剖析 estimation theory 估计意见 evaluation technique 评价技术 event chain 事件链evolutionary system 高级演化系统 exogenous variable 外发生变故量 expected characteristics 希望特征 failure diagnosis 妨碍诊断 fast mode 快变模态 feasibility study 可行性研究 feasiblecoordination 可行协调 feasible region 可行域 feature detection 特征检测 feature extraction 特征抽取 feedback compensation 反馈赔偿 feedforward path 前馈通路 field bus 现场总线 finite automaton 有限不用人力机 fip(factory information protocol) 工场信息以及谈 first order predicate logic 一阶谓词逻辑 fixed sequence manipulator 固定挨次机械手 fixed set point control 定值控制 fms(flexiblemanufacturing system) 柔性创造系统 flowsensor/transducer 流量传感器 flow transmitter 流量变送器 forced oscillation 强迫振动 formal language theory 情势语言意见 formal neuron 情势神经元forward path 正向通路 forward reasoning 正向推理 fractal 分形体,分维体frequency converter 变频器 frequency domain modelreduction method 频域模子降阶法 frequency response 频域相应 full order observer 全阶测候器 functional decomposition 功效分解 fes(functional electricalstimulation)功效电刺激 functionalsimularity 功效相仿 fuzzy logic 含糊逻辑 game tree 对于策树 general equilibrium theory 普通均衡意见 generalized least squaresestimation 意义广泛最小二乘估计 generation function 天生函数geomagnetictorque 地磁性矩 geometric similarity 几何相仿 gimbaled wheel 蚣苈global asymptotic stability 全局渐进稳定性 global optimum 全局最优 globe valve 球形阀 goal coordination method 目标协调法 grammatical inference 文法判断 grap 你好 c search 图搜索 gravitygradient torque 重力梯度力矩 group technology 成组技术 guidancesystem 制导系统 gyro drift rate 捻捻转儿漂移率 hall displacementtransducer 霍尔式位移传感器 hardware-in-the-loop simulation 半实物仿真 harmonious deviation 以及谐误差 harmonious strategy 以及谐计谋 heuristic inference 开导式推理你好 dden oscillation 隐蔽振动你好 erarc 你好 calchart 条理布局图你好 erarc 你好 cal planning 递阶规划你好 erarc你好 calontrol 递阶控制 homomorp 你好 c model 同态系统 horizontal decomposition 横向分解 hormonal control 内排泄控制 hydraulic step motor 液压步进马达 hypercycle theory 超循环意见 i controller 积分控制器 identifiability 可辨识性 idss(intelligent decision support system)智能决定计划支持系统 image recognition 图象辨认 impulse function 冲击函数,电子脉冲函数 incompatibility principle 不相容原理 incrementalmotion control 增量运动控制 index of merit 品质因数 inductiveforce transducer 电感式位移传感器 inductive modeling method 归纳建模法 industrial automation 工业不用人力化 inertial attitude sensor 惯性姿态敏锐器 inertial coordinate system 惯性坐标系 inertialwh eel 惯性轮 inference engine 推理机 infinite dimensional system 无限维系统information acquisition 信息采集 infrared gasanalyzer 红外线气体分析器 inherent nonlinearity 本来就有非线性 inherent regulation 本来就有调节 initial deviation 初始误差 injection attitude 入轨姿式input-output model 投入产出模子 instability 不稳定性 instructionlevel language 指令级语言 integral of absolute value of errorcriterion 绝对于误差积分准则integral of squared error criterion 平方误差积分准则 integral performance criterion 积分性能准则 integration instrument 积算摄谱仪 intelligent terminal 智能终端 interactedsystem 互接洽统,关接洽统 interactive prediction approach 互联预估法,关联预估法 intermittent duty 断续事情制ism(interpretivestructure modeling) 诠释布局建模法 invariant embedding principle 不变镶嵌原理 inventory theory 库伦论 inverse nyquist diagram 逆奈奎斯特图 investment decision 投资决定计划 isomorp 你好 c model 同构模子iterative coordination 迭代协调 jet propulsion 喷气推进 job-lot control 分批控制kalman-bucy filer 卡尔曼-布西滤波器 knowledgeaccomodation 常识适应knowledge acquisition 常识获取 knowledgessimilation 常识夹杂kbms(knowledge base management system) 常识库管理系统 knowledge representation 常识抒发 lad der diagram 菪瓮?lag-lead compensation 滞后超前赔偿 lagrange duality 拉格朗日对于偶性 laplace transform 拉普拉斯变换 large scale system 大系统 lateral in 你好 bition network 侧抑制采集 least cost input 最小成本投入 least squares criterion 最小二乘准则 level switch 物位开关 libration damping 天平动阻尼 limit cycle 极限环 linearizationtechnique 线性化要领 linear motion electric drive 直线运动电气传动 linear motion valve 直行程阀 linear programming 线性规划 lqr(linear quadratic regulator problem) 线性二次调节器问题 oad cell 称重传感器 local asymptotic stability 局部渐近稳定性 local optimum 局部最优 log magnitude-phase diagram 对于数幅相图long term memory 长期记忆 lumped parameter model 集总参量模子 lyapunov theorem of asymptotic stability 李雅普诺夫渐近稳定性定理 macro-economic system 宏观经济系统 magnetic dumping 磁卸载 magnetoelastic weig 你好ng cell 磁致弹性称重传感器 magnitude- frequencycharacteristic 幅频特征magnitude margin 幅值裕度 magnitudecale factor 幅值缩尺 man-mac 你好ne coordination 人机协调 manualstation 手动操作器 map(manufacturing automation protocol) 创造不用人力化以及谈 marginal effectiveness 边岸效益mason's gain formula 梅森增益公式 matc 你好 ng criterion 匹配准则 maximum likelihood estimation 最大似然估计 maximum ove rshoot 最大超调量maximum principle 极大值原理 mean-square error criterion 均方误差准则mechanismmodel 机理模子 meta-knowledge 元常识 metallurgical automation 冶金不用人力化 minimal realization 最小使成为事实 minimum phase system 最小相位系统 minimum variance estimation 最小方差估计 minor loop 副回路missile-target relative movement simulator 弹体- 目标相对于运动仿真器 modal aggregation 模态结集 modal transformation 模态变换 mb(model base)模子库model confidence 模子置信度 model fidelity 模子传神度 model reference adaptive control system 模子参考适应控制系统 model verification 模子证验mec(mostconomic control)最经济控制 motion space 可动空间 mtbf(mean time between failures) 均等妨碍距离时间 mttf(mean timeto failures)均等无妨碍时间 multi-attributive utility function 嗍粜孕в 煤??multicriteria 多重判据 multilevel 你好 erarc 你好 cal structure 多级递阶布局 multiloop control 多回路控制 multi- objective decision 多目标决定计划 multistate logic 多态逻辑multistratum 你好 erarc 你好 calcontrol 多段递阶控制 multivariable control system 多变量控制系统 myoelectric control 肌电控制 nash optimality 纳什最优性 naturallanguage generation 自然语言天生 nearest- neighbor 这段邻necessitymeasure 肯定是性侧度 negative feedback 负反馈 neural assembly 神经集合 neural network computer 神经采集计较机 nichols chart 尼科尔斯图noetic science 思维科学 noncoherent system 非枯燥关接洽统 noncooperative game 非互助博弈 nonequilibrium state 非平衡态 nonlinear element 非线性环节nonmonotonic logic 非枯燥逻辑 nonparametric training 非参量训练nonreversible electric drive 不成逆电气传动 nonsingular perturbation 非奇妙摄动 non-stationaryrandom process 非平稳 rand 历程 nuclear radiation levelmeter 核辐射物位计 nutation sensor 章动敏锐器 nyquist stability criterion 奈奎斯特稳定判据 objective function 目标函数 observability index 可测候指数observable canonical form 可测候标准型 on-line assistance 在线帮忙 on- off control 通断控制 open loop pole 开环极点 operational research model 运筹学模子 optic fiber tachometer 光纤式转速表 opt imal trajectory 最优轨迹optimization technique 最优化技术 orbital rendezvous 轨道交会 orbit gyrocompass 轨道捻捻转儿罗经 orbit perturbation 轨道摄动 order parameter 序参量 orientationcontrol 定向控制 oscillating period 振动周期 output predictionmethod 输出预估法 oval wheel flowmeter 椭圆齿轮流量计overalldesign 总体设计 overlapping decomposition 交叠分解 pade approximation 帕德类似 pareto optimality 帕雷托最优性 passive attitude stabilization 不主动姿态稳定 path repeatability 路径可重复性 pattern primitive 标准样式基元 pr(pattern recognition)标准样式辨认 p control 比例控制器 peak time 峰值时间penalty function method 罚函数法 periodic duty 周期事情制 perturbation theory 摄动意见 pessimisticvalue 悲观值 phase locus 相轨迹 phase trajectory 相轨迹hase lead 相位超前 photoelectric tachometric transducer 光电式转速传感器phrase-structure grammar 短句布局文法 physical symbol system 物理符号系统 piezoelectric force transducer 压电式力传感器 playbackrobot 示教再现式机器人 plc(programmable logic controller)可编步伐逻辑控制器 plug braking 反接制动 plug valve 旋塞阀 pneumaticactuator 气动执行机构 point-to-point control 点位控制 polar robot 极坐标型机器人 pole assignment 极点配置 pole-zero cancellation 零极点相消 polynom ial input 多项式输入 portfolio theory 投资配搭意见 pose overshoot 位姿过调量 position measuring instrument 位置丈量仪posentiometric displacement transducer 电位器式位移传感器 positive feedback 正反馈 power system automation 电力系统不用人力化 predicate logic 谓词逻辑pressure gauge with electric contact 电接点压力表 pressure transmitter 压力变送器 price coordination 价格协调 primal coordination 主协调 primary frequency zone 主频区 pca(principal component analysis)主成份分析法principlef turnpike 通途原理 process- oriented simulation 面向历程的仿真production budget 生产预算 production rule 孕育发生式法则 profitforecast 利润预测 pert(program evaluation and review technique) 计划评审技术program set station 步伐设定操作器 proportionalcontrol 比例控制 proportional plus derivative controller 比例微分控制器 protocol engineering 以及谈工程pseudo random sequence 伪 rand 序列 pseudo-rate-increment control 伪速度增量控制 pulse duration 电子脉冲持续时间 pulse frequency modulation control system 电子脉冲调频控制系统 pulse width modulation controlsystem 电子脉冲调宽控制系统 pwm inverter 脉宽调制逆变器 pushdown automaton 下推不用人力机 qc(quality control)质量管理 quadratic performance index 二次型性能指标 quali tative physical model 定性物理模子quantized noise 量化噪声 quasilinear characteristics 准线性特征 queuing theory 列队论 radio frequency sensor 射频敏锐器 ramp function 斜坡函数 random disturbance rand 扰动 random process rand 历程 rateintegrating gyro 速度积分捻捻转儿 ratio station 比率操作器 reactionwheel control 反效用轮控制realizability 可以使成为事实性,能使成为事实性 eal time telemetry 实时遥测receptive field 感受野 rectangularrobot 直角坐标型机器人 recursive estimation 递推估计 reducedorder observer 降阶测候器 redundant information 冗余信息 reentrycontrol 再入控制 regenerative braking 回馈制动,再生制动 regionalplanning model 地区范围规划模子 regulating device 调节装载 relationalalgebra 关系代数 relay characteristic 继电器特征 remote manipulator 遥控操作器 remote set point adjuster 远程设定点调整器 rendezvo 目前世界上最强大的国家 nd docking 交会以及对于接 resistance thermometer sensor 热电阻 esolution principle 归结原理 resource allocation 资源分配responsecurve 相应曲线 return difference matrix 回差矩阵 return ratiomatrix 回比矩阵 reversible electric drive 可逆电气传动 revoluterobot 关节型机器人revolution speed transducer 转速传感器 rewritingrule 重写法则 rigid spacecraft dynamics 刚性航天动力学 riskdecision 危害分析 robotics 机器人学 robot programming language 机器人编程语言 robust control 鲁棒控制 roll gap measuring instrument 辊缝丈量仪 root locus 根轨迹 roots flowmeter 腰轮流量计otameter 浮子流量计,转子流量计 rotary eccentric plug valve 偏疼旋转阀 rotary motionvalve 角行程阀 rotating transformer 旋转变压器 routh approximation method 劳思类似判据 routing problem 肪段侍?sampled-data control system 采样控制系统 sampling controlsystem 采样控制系统 saturation characteristics 饱以及特征 scalarlyapunov function 标量李雅普诺夫函数 scara(selective complianceassembly robot arm) 最简单的面关节型机器人 scenario analysis method 情景分析法 scene analysis 物景分析 self- operated controller 自力式控制器 self-organizing system 自组织系统 self-reproducing system 自繁殖系统self-tuning control 自校正控制 semantic network 语义采集 semi-physical simulation 半实物仿真 sensing element 敏锐元件 sensitivity analysis 活络度分析sensory control 觉得控制 sequentialdecomposition 挨次分解 sequential least squares estimation 序贯最小二乘估计 servo control 伺服控制,随动控制servomotor 伺服马达 settling time 过渡时间 short term planning 短期计划shorttime horizon coordination 短时程协调 signal detection and estimation 旌旗灯号检测以及估计 signal reconstruction 旌旗灯号重构 simulated interrupt 仿真中断 simulation block diagram 仿真框图 simulation experiment 仿真实验simulation velocity 仿真速度 single axle table 单轴转台 single degree of freedom gyro 单自由度捻捻转儿 single levelprocess 单级历程 single value nonlinearity 单值非线性 singularattractor 奇妙吸引子 singular perturbation 奇妙摄动 slave dsystem 受役系统 slower-than-real-time simulation 欠实时仿真slow subsystem 慢变子系统 socio-cybernetics 社会形态控制论 socioeconomic system 社会形态经济系统软体 psychology 软件生理学 solar array pointing control 日头帆板指向控制 solenoid valve 电磁阀 speed control system 魉傧低spin axis 自旋轴 stability criterion 稳定性判据 stabilitylimit 稳定极限 stabilization 镇定,稳定 stackelberg decision theory 施塔克尔贝格决定计划意见 state equation model 状况方程模子 state space description 状况空间描写 static characteristics curve 静态特征曲线 station accuracy 定点精密度stationary random process 平稳 rand 历程 statistical analysis 统计分析 statistic pattern recognition 统计标准样式辨认 steady state deviation 稳态误差steadystate error coefficient 稳态误差系数 step-by-step control 步进控制step function 阶跃函数 stepwise refinement 慢慢精化 stochasticfinite automaton rand 有限不用人力机 strain gauge load cell 应变式称重传感器 strategic function 计谋函数 strongly coupled system 狂詈舷低?subjective probability 主观频率 supervised training 喽窖??supervisory computer control system 计较机监控系统 sustainedoscillation 矜持振动 swirlmeter 旋进流量计 switc 你好 ng point 切换点 symbolic processing 符号处理 synaptic plasticity 突触可塑性syntactic analysis 句法分析 system assessment 系统评价 systemhomomorp 你好sm 系统同态 system isomorp 你好 sm 系统同构 system engineering 系统工程target flow transmitter 靶式流量变送器 task cycle 功课周期 teac 你好 ng programming 示教编程 telemetering system ofrequency division type 频分遥测系统 teleological system 目的系统 temperature transducer 温度传感器template base 模版库 theoremproving 定理证实 therapy model 治疗模子 t 你好ckness meter 厚度计 three-axis attitude stabilization 三轴姿态稳定 three state controller 三位控制器 thrust vector control system 推力矢量控制系统 time constant 时间常数 time-invariant system 定常系统,非时变系统 time schedule controller 时序控制器 time-sharing control 分时控制 time-varying parameter 时变参量 top-down testing 自上而下测试topological structure 拓扑布局 tqc(total quality control)全面质量管理 tracking error 跟踪误差 trade-off analysis 权衡分析 transfer function matrix 传递函数矩阵transformation grammar 转换文法 transient deviation 瞬态误差 transient process 过渡历程 transition diagram 转移图 transmissible pressure gauge 电远传压力表 trend analysis 趋向分析 triple modulation telemetering system 三重调制遥测系统 turbine flowmeter 涡轮流量计 turing mac 你好 ne 剂榛?two-time scale system 双时标系统 ultrasonic levelmeter??镂患?unadjustable speed electric drive 非调速电气传动 unbiasedestimation 无偏估计 uniformly asymptotic stability 一致渐近稳定性 uninterrupted duty 不间断事情制,长期事情制 unit circle 单位圆 unit testing 单位测试 unsupervised learing 非监视进修upperlevel problem 较高等级问题 urban planning 城市规划 utility function 效用函数 value engineering 价值工程 variable gain 可变增益,可变放大系数 variable structure control system 变布局控制 vectorlyapunov function 向量李雅普诺夫函数 velocity error coefficient 速度误差系数 velocity transducer 速度传感器vertical decomposition 纵向分解 vibrating wire force transducer 振弦式力传感器 viscousdamping 粘性阻尼 voltage source inverter 电压源型逆变器vortexprecession flowmeter 旋进流量计 vortex shedding flowmeter 涡街流量计 wb(way base) 要领库 weig 你好 ng cell 称重传感器 weightingfactor 权因数weighting method 加权法 w 你好 ttaker-shannon samplingtheorem 惠特克-喷鼻农采样定理 wiener filtering 维纳滤波 work stationfor computer aided design 计较机匡助设计事情站 w-plane w 最简单的面 zero-based budget 零基预算 zero-input response 零输入相应 zero-stateresponse 零状况相应 zero sum game model 零以及对于策模子2022 年 07 月 31 日历史上的今天：ipad2 怎么贴膜好吧,我还是入了 iPad2 2022-06-26 斗破苍穹快眼看书 2斗破苍穹 22 下载 20 11-06-26特殊声明：1：资料来源于互联网，版权归属原作者2：资料内容属于网络意见，与本账号立场无关3 ：如有侵权，请告知，即将删除。

•实践与交流•中医药临床有效性证据库构建与应用杨丰文\庞博\欧益\季昭臣\田金徽2，杜亮3,王虎城\郑文科\51. 天津中医药大学循证医学中心（天津300193)2. 兰州大学循证医学中心（兰州730000)3. 四川大学华西医院中国循证医学中心（成都610041)【摘要】阐述中医药临床有效性证据库（TCM-CED)的构建与应用，为中医药研究证据链提供支持。

构建 过程主要包括：专家团队组建、TCM-CED功能模块设计、证据采集、质量控制等。

TCM-CED应用内容包括：中成药系统评价/M eta分析自动生成、中医药优势病种证据报告自动生成、中成药证据指数自动运算、优化中医药研 究结局指标、中医药研究方法学和报告质量跟踪、促进中医药证据国际传播等。

随着信息技术与人工智能的快速 发展，TCM-CED将实现中医药全方位证据链构建及全过程自动化。

【关键词】中药；有效性；证据转化；数据库Construction and application of clinical evidence database of traditional Chinese medicineYANG Fengwen1,PANG Bo1,OU Yi1, JlZhaochen1,TIAN Jinhui2,DU Liang3,WANG Hucheng',ZHENG Wenke1,ZHANG Junhua11. Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, P.R.China2. Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R.China3. Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R.China Correspondingauthor:ZHANGJunhua,Email:******************【A bstract】To describe the construction and application of clinical evidence database of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM-CED) so as to provide evidence for TCM research. The construction process primarily includes: expert team building, TCM-CED function module design, evidence collection and quality control. The applications of TCM-CED primarily include the following aspects: automatic generation of systematic review/meta-analysis in TCM, automatic generation of evidence reports on dominant diseases of TCM, automatic generation of evidence index of Chinese patent medicine, optimizing the selection of outcomes in TCM research, tracking methodological and reporting quality of TCM research, and promoting international dissemination of TCM evidence. With the rapid development of information technology and artificial intelligence, TCM-CED will be combined with artificial intelligence to achieve the construction of all-dimensional TCM evidence chain and the automation of the whole process.【Key words 】Traditional Chinese medicine; Effect; Translation of evidence; Database2019年10月25日，全国中医药大会召开4 10月26日，《中共中央国务院关于促进中医药传 承创新发展的意见》（以下简称《意见》）发布。

初学VASP(四) k点的选择初学VASP(四) k点的选择如前所述The Bloch theorem changes the problem of calculating an infinite number of electronic wavefucntions to one of calculating a finite number of wavefunctions at an infinite number of k-points. (参见CASTEP的帮助文档，他和VASP是亲兄弟)。

所以呢，一般来说，k点越密越多，计算精度也越高，当然计算成本也越高。

嗯，对于k点的需求，金属>>半导体，绝缘体，不过呢，很多时候主要还是受硬件限制简约化可以使k点的数目大大下降。

对于原子数较多的体系的计算，就需要谨慎的尝试k点数目，在避免或者预先评估wrap-around error的前提下尽量减少k点数目。

另一个问题是k空间网格(k-points grid)的位置和形状，是否包括Г点(Gamma点，也可理解为原点)？(一般不包括的话很可能会带来误差，尤其是使用了tetrahedron方法的时候。

暂时还不知道不包括的好处，为了减少k点？)方形？线形？还是长方形？或者奇形怪状？：）后文另述。

那么现在来看看KPOINTS file的结构：Line1: comment line 注释行 no problemLine2: k点总数或者 '0'自动生成网格(Automatic k-mesh generation)如果是前者，给出k点总数，又分两种情况M.全手动Entering all k-points explicitlyLine3: 输入格式标识。

直角坐标 (Cartesian)或者倒格坐标（Reciprocal）同样的'cCkK' for Cartesian，其他首字母则自动切换到 ReciprocalLine4-n: 逐个k点的描述。

使用ABINIT计算Si的热力学性质HHWJ340在ABINIT自带的例子中，有关于AlAs的声子谱计算。

这里给出如何使用ABINIT计算简单的材料Si的声子谱过程。

1.基态计算必须先计算基态，这是下面一系列计算的基础。

一般来说需要对acell,K点和ecut的参数进行优化，因为ABINIT自带的例子中有关于Si的计算，这里就直接读取。

这样基态计算的输入文件为：2.使用相应函数方法计算总能量对原子位置的二阶导数需要上一步计算得到WFK文件，将文件名中的“o”改为“i”。

计算文件为：3.Gamma点声子频率的计算没有LO-TO的分离，无需引入极化场。

计算结果为：参考文献：Ab initio calculation of phonon dispersions in semiconductors.P.R.B.1991.3,43-9上给出的结果为：GammaTO:517,GammaLO:517.这里计算的结果为514.4.计算X点的声子输入文件：计算的结果为：文献(同上)上的结果为：X TA：146，X LA：414，X TO：466，X LO：414.5.计算声子谱5.1生成所需要的q wavevectors setq-set由一个GS计算得到。

输入文件如下：计算得到16个点,如下，5.2生成derivative database(ddb)这个计算需要很长的时间。

5.3使用MRGDDB合并DDB文件输入文件如下：5.4使用ANADDB工具计算声子谱计算生成freq文件，使用band2eps可以生成图像文件，band2eps 输入文件为：最后得到声子谱为：文献(同上)上的结果如下：。