词组例句
ache ◆他胃痛。
误：His stomach is ached.
正：His stomach is aching.
析：ache 用作动词，是不及物动词，因此没有被动语态。
◆他经常头痛, 她经常胃痛。
误：He often gets headache and she often gets stomache.
正：He often gets headaches and she often gets stomaches.
析：ache 用作名词多用于复合词中：headache 头痛/
toothache 牙痛/ stomachache 胃痛/ backache 背痛/
earache 耳痛等，在这些带有-ache 的复合词中, headache
是一个规则的可数名词(可连用a, 也可有复数), 而其它的
词则用作可数或不可数名均可(在美国英语中多为可数名
词)：He is suffering from toothache(s).(他患牙痛)。
achieve ◆他实现了他的目标——写一本书。
误：He reached his aim—to write a book.
正：He achieved his aim—to write a book.
析：表示“实现目标”，通常用achieve an aim, 不用reach。
◆车速达到了每小时100英里。
误：The car achieved a speed of 100 mph.
正：The car reached a speed of 100 mph.
析：achieve 一般与令人愉快的事(如:成功、成就等)连用, 不
要受汉语影响滥用此词表示一般意义的“达到”, 但是我们
可以说: On the test drive he achieved the speed of 200
mph.(在驾驶测试中他开车的速度达到了每小时200英里
-----因为在驾驶测试中, 车速也是测试的项目之一)。
acknowledge ◆他们承认被打败了。
误：They acknowledged to be [to have been] defeated.
正：They acknowledged having been defeated.
正：They acknowledged that they were defeated.
析：acknowledge(承认)后可接动名词或that从句，但一般
不接不定式。
◆我承认你说的是真的。
误：I acknowledge your statement for true.
正：I acknowledge your statement as true.
正：I acknowledge your staetment to be true.
正：I acknowledge that your statement is true.
析：acknowledge sth 后通常可接as 或to be，但不能将其
改为介词for。
accommodati
on ◆这个城市的住房很贵。
误：An accommodation is expensive in this city.
正：Accommodation is expensive in this city.
正：Accommodations are expensive in this city.
析：accommodation 表示“住处”、“住宿”、“膳宿”等，在英国英语中是不可数名词，但在美国英语中通常用复数，一般不与不定冠词连用。如：This hospital has accommodation(s) for 500 patients.(这家医院有五百个床位)。They providegood accommodation(s).他们提供很好的膳宿服务。
accompany◆他坚持要陪她去车站。
误：He insisted on accompanying her to go to the station.
正：He insisted on accompanying her to the station.
析：表示陪某人去某地，只说accompany sb to a place即可，
通常不说accompany sb to do sth。
◆我陪你去。
误：I will accompany with you.
正：I will accompany you.
析：accompany(陪伴, 伴随)是及物动词，其后无需用介词。
又如：Thunder accompanies lighting.(雷声伴着闪电)。但是,
用于被动语态的accompany 后面可接介词with 或by。
如：Thelightning is accompanied with thunder.(电闪雷鸣)。
He was accompanied by his secretary.(他有秘书随行)。
◆坐在这儿陪我一会儿。
误：Sit here and accompany me for a while.
正：Sit here and keep me company me for a while.
析：accompany 在一般英汉词典均注为“陪伴”、“陪同”，
但它在英英词典里的在此义方面的释义是：to go
somewhere with someone, especially to look after them，所以
不要一见到汉语的“陪伴”就用英语的accompany 去套译。
accomplish◆铁路何时竣工?
误：When will the railway be accomplished?
正：When will the railway be completed?
析：accomplish 表示“完成”、“实现”等，其对象通常是task
(任务)，aim(目的)，plan(计划)，mission(使命)，journey( 旅
程)等含义较为抽象的东西。它一般不用于建筑、书籍等具
体的东西。
◆他是一位有造诣的学者。
误：He is an accomplishing scholar.
正：He is an accomplished scholar.
析：表示“有造诣的”、“有成就的”、“熟练的”、“有技巧的”
等，accomplish 要用过去分词(实际上已转化为形容词)。
according ◆你将依照你工作的好坏而受到奖惩。
误：You will be praised or blamed according to your workis
good or bad.
正：You will be praised or blamed according as your workis
good or bad.
析：according to 和according as 均可表示“根据”、“按照”
等，但前者相当于介词，后接相当于名词代词的成分；后
者相当于连词，用以引导句子。
◆依我看, 这没有一点是真实的。
误：According to me, none of this is true.
误：According to my opinion, none of this is true.
正：In my opinion, none of this is true.
析：according to 表示“根据”，通常是指根据别人或别处, 而
不能根据自己，所以其后不能接表示第一人称的代词(如
me, us), 同时也很少接表示第二人称的代词(you)，但用于
第三人称(如him, her, John, Mary, the doctor 等)则属正常
用法；另外也不接view(看法)和opinion(意见)这类词表
示看法的词。
◆这本书是根据一个真实故事写的。
误：The book is according to a true story.
正：The book is based on a true story.
析：表示“根据”、“按照”时, 主要用来引出状语, 一般不用
来引出表语；但是当它表示“合乎”、“符合”时, 则主要用
来引出表语：Isn’t it according to international law? (这难
道不符合国际法吗?)
Suspect ◆我猜想他就是那个扒手。
误：I suspect him the pickpocket.
正：I suspect him to be the pickpocket.
析：suspect(猜想, 认为)后不接“名词＋名词”的结构，但是
可接“名词＋不定式(通常为to be)”，且该结构通常可以用
从句来改写，如上面的误句也可说成：I suspect that he is
the pickpocket. 注：以上结构中的不定式通常是to be，若
用其它动词，则通常是完成式或进行式，如：We suspect him
to have said so.(我们猜他是那样说过)，I suspect him to be
dying.(我看他快要死了)。
◆她怀疑他拿了她的钱。
误：She suspected him for taking her money.
正：She suspected him of taking her money.
析：suspect sb of (doing) sth＝猜测某人做某事(注意其中用
介词of，不用for)。如：We suspect him of telling lies.(我
们怀疑他说谎)。比较：I suspect him to be the thief. / I suspect
him of being the thief. / I suspect that he’s the thief.(我怀疑他
就是那个贼)。
◆我对他的动机甚为怀疑。
误：I’m very suspect about his motives.
正：I’m very suspicious about his motives.
析：suspect 用作动词，其意＝怀疑，猜测；用作名词，其
意＝嫌疑犯；用作形容词，其意＝可疑的。suspicious 是
形容词，其意包括两个方面：①可疑的(常可与suspect 互
换)；②怀疑的，多疑的，疑心的(此时不可用suspect 代
之)。
accordance ◆他的所作所为是完全合法的。
误：What he did is quite in the accordance with the law.
正：What he did is quite in accordance with the law.
析：in accordance with(与...一致，按照...)是固定短语，其中
不用冠词。如：He was buried in home town, in accordance
with his wishes.(按照他的意愿，他被葬在家乡)。
arise ■事故往往起因于粗心。
误：Accidents often arise in carelessness.
正：Accidents often arise from carelessness.
析：表示“起源于”、“起因于”，arise 后通常接介词from 或
out of。
■有需要时就使用这笔钱。
误：Use this money when the need is arisen.
正：Use this money when the need arises.
析：arise(出现，发生)是不及物动词，没有被动语态。另外
when the need arises 是一个常用结构，也可说成Should the
need arise。如：Should the need arise for extra staff, we will
contact you.(如果还另外需要人员，我们将与你联系)。
Arouse ■这本书引起了我对政治的兴趣。
误：The book aroused at my interest in politics.
正：The book aroused my interest in politics.
析：arouse(引起，激起，唤起)是及物动词，其后接宾语时，
无需用任何介词。顺便说一句：arouse 的宾语通常兴趣、
怀疑、愤怒、同情、批评、讨论等较抽象的东西。
■演讲者激起了听众的愤怒。
误：The speaker aroused the audience with anger.
正：The speaker aroused the audience to anger.
析：表示激励或唤起某人做某事，通常用arouse sb to sth，
注意通常用介词to，其实此句也可说成：The speaker
arousedthe anger of the audience.又如：He tried to arouse her
to action.(他试图要使她采取行动)。
Arrange ■请给我们安排一次与工人的会见。
误：Please arrange us an interview with the workers.
正：Please arrange an interview with the workers for us.
析：arrange(安排)通常不跟双宾语。
■我已安排他去参加会议。
误：I’ve arranged him to attend the meeting.
正：I’ve arranged for him to attend the meeting.
析：arrange(安排) 用作及物动词时，其后可接不定式作宾
语，但是习惯上却不接不定式的复合结构作宾语，若语义
上需要这类结构，可在arrange 后加介词for(如上面的正
句) 或换成从句。如上面一句也可说成：I’ve arranged that
he (should) attend the meeting.(注意从句的谓语形式)
■他们是按大小排列的。
误：They arranged in size.
正：They were arranged in size.
析：arrange 表示“整理”、“排列”等，是及物动词。此句从
语义上看应用被动语态。
高考必背英语词汇辨析-B字头 1、base与basis 这两个词在作名词时可表示"基础；基地"，但其意义是不同的。base用来指某物体的具体"基础"或底部的"支柱"。 例如： We camped at the base of the mountain.我们在山脚下扎营。 Our company's base is in New York , but we have extended many branches all around the world.我们公司的总部设在纽约，但是分公司遍及全世界。 而basis则用来表示抽象意义上的"基础"，常用于比喻句。 What's the basis of your opinion?你的意见的根据是什么？ We are willing to develop economic relations with all countries on the basis of mutual benefits.我们愿意在互利互惠的原则下同各国发展经济关系。 2、be about to 这个短语与"be to do","be going to do"两个短语都可用来表示"将要做某事，但含义和用法有所不同。be about to 从时间上来讲，等于be just going to do，意思是"即将，马上就要去做"。因此，在由这个短语构成的句子中，一般不可再加上表示时间的状语（如at once, next） 例如： I am about to leave for Shanghai.我将要去上海。 be to do主要表示安排或计划要在将来做的事情，它还可以表示命令等语气，相当于should, must 等。它可以同将来的时间状语连用。 例如： The US President Bill Clinton is to visit Japan next week.美国总统比尔?克林顿将于下周访日。The letter is to be handed to him in person.这封信必须面交他本人。 be going to do 一般可以和be to do 换用，它在通常情况下表示计划，安排或准备去做某事的意向，但并不一定马上去做。它一般都与时间状语连用；此外，它还可以用来表示某种推断或可能性。 例如：What are you going to do for your holiday?假期有什么打算吗？ It's going to rain soon, look at those black clouds.看那些乌云，快要下雨了。
英语词汇正误辨析arouse正误用法 ■这本书引起了我对政治的兴趣。 误：The book aroused at my interest in politics. 正：The book aroused my interest in politics. 析：arouse(引起，激起，唤起)是及物动词，其后接宾语时，无需用任何介词。顺便说一句：arouse 的宾语通常兴趣、怀疑、愤怒、同情、批评、讨论等较抽象的东西。 ■演讲者激起了听众的愤怒。 误：The speaker aroused the audience with anger. 正：The speaker aroused the audience to anger. 析：表示激励或唤起某人做某事，通常用arouse sb to sth，注意通常用介词to，其实此句也可说成：The speaker arousedthe anger of the audience.又如：He tried to arouse her to action.(他试图要使她采取行动)。 ■能再次收到你的来信, 我们将十分感激。 误：We shall appreciate to hear from you again. 正：We shall appreciate hearing from you again. 析：appreciate(感激)后接动词时，要用动名词，不用不定式。 ■谢谢你的好意。 误：I appreciate you for your kindness.
正：I appreciate your kindness. 正：Thank you for your kindness. 析：其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语，此用法与thank 的用法恰恰相反。 ■如果你能帮助我做这事，我将十分感激。 误：I would appreciate very much if you would help me with it. 正：I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it. 析：appreciate(感激)是及物动词，其后不能没有宾语。另外也有的词书(如《朗文当代英语词典》)将I would appreciate it if...视为一个固定句型。另外有时其中的if从句也可能换成when从句。如：We really appreciate it when she offered to help.(她来帮忙了，我们十分感激)。
最权威的词语辨析 摘自牛津高阶 1.above over P5 2.actual current present P18 3.affect effect P28 4.afraid frightened scared P30 5.allow let permit P44 6.almost nearly practically P45 7.alone lonely lone P46 8.also as well too P47 9.although even though though however P48 10.altogether all together P49 11.answer reply P60 12.around round about P77 13.as like P81 14.ashamed embarrassed P82 15.awake awaken wake up waken P99 16.at the back at the rear behind P105 17.baggage luggage P110 18.bath bathe swim sunbathe P124 19.become get go turn P132 20.begin start P136 21.beside besides P143 22.besides apart from except P143 23.big large great P149 24.blind blindly P163 25.borrow lend P182 26.break recess interval intermission interlude pause P195 27.British English Briton Brit P202 28.calm calmness P228 29.can may P230 30.can could be able to manage P237 31.take care of look after care for P240 32.cause reason purpose P252 33.cautious careful P252 34.change alter modify vary P262 35.citizen subject national P285 36.classic classical P290 37.close shut P300 38.clothes clothing P303 39.coast shore beach seaside P307 40.college university P343 https://www.doczj.com/doc/ae12305006.html,pliment complement P336 https://www.doczj.com/doc/ae12305006.html,prise compose consist of constitute make up include P338 43.condition state P344 44.continuous continual P362 45.country state P384 46.court law court court of law P387 47.customer client P418 48.deep deeply P442 49.degree certificate diploma P447 50.disabled handicapped P479 51.discover invent find out learn know P484 52.distrust mistrust P496 53.double dual P509 54.earth floor ground soil land P537 55.economic economical P541 56.electric electrical P549 57.employ take on P557 58.enough adequate suficient satisfactory 59.acceptable will do P566 60.entrance entry admission P570 61.exam examination test quiz P587 62.event occurrence incident happening P583 63.especially specially P578 64.expect wait for hope look forward to P596 65.father further fathest furthest P623 66.fast quick rapid P624 67.firstly first of all at first P653 68.in front of in the front of P705 69.good goodness P756 70.happen occur take place P798 71.hard hardly P800 72.healthy well P814 73.hardly scarely barely no sooner P801 74.hate hatred P806 75.help aid assist attend be present participate P823 76.high tall P830 77.historic historical P835 78.infer imply P903 79.interested interesting uninterested disinterested uninteresting P922 80.journey travel trip P950 https://www.doczj.com/doc/ae12305006.html,ndscape scenery countryside P979
2012高考英语常用词汇辨析 ◆wash／wash away◇wash表示“洗（手、衣服等）”，既可作及物动词，又 可作不及物动词；◇wash away表示“冲走”、“冲垮”、“洗掉”，作及物动词短语用。 [EXERCISES] ①The flood some of the houses in the village．②He his face and hands，then went downstairs．③You must before dinner．（Keys: ①washed away ②washed ③wash） ◆wear；have on；put on；dress；（be）in＋颜色（服装、眼镜等） ◇wear主要用于穿衣服、戴眼镜（手套、首饰、帽）等，以强调“穿（戴） 着”的状态。例如： Mr Wu always wears a blue coat in winter．吴老师冬天总是穿着一件蓝色大衣。 ◇have on作“穿（戴）着”解，同wear一样，也表状态，但不用于进行时态。例如： Xiao Wang has on a white shirt today．（＝Xiao Wang is wearing a white shirt today．）小王今天穿着一件白衬衫。 ◇put on着重强调“穿（戴）上”的动作。例如： I like to put on my hat when I go out in winter．冬天，我喜欢外出时戴上帽子。 ◇dress既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，所接宾语是人而不是衣、帽等 物。例如： 1）Her mother is dressing her．她母亲正在给她穿衣服。 2）The nurses are dressed in white．护士穿着白衣服。 ◇“（be）in＋颜色或服装、眼镜等”也表示“穿着”的状态，在句中作 表语或定语。例如： He is in uniform today．他今天穿着制服。 ◆work on／work at ◇work on表示“从事”、“创作”、“进行”，后面接名词、
一、选择题 1．Amy makes fewer mistakes than Frank. She does her homework . A．more careless B．more carelessly C．more careful D．more carefully 2．People who always do sports are in spirits than those who don't. A．high B．higher C．tall D．taller 3．—Help yourselves! The drinks are ________ me. —Thank you. You’re always so generous. A．above B．in C．on D．over 4．—The 30 firefighters’ brave action ________ their lives in the forest fire on March30, 2019.—The people of Muli County will never forget them. A．took B．cost C．save D．solve 5．Her only problem, ________ you can call it a problem, is that she expects to be successful all the time. A．if B．because C．though D．since 6．He can’t wait to get a ticket to the movie, so he________ for it yesterday. A．spent B．paid C．took D．cost 7．The song Where Is Time Gone sung by Diamond（张碧晨）________the yearly general champion of China’s Voice. A．lost B．won C．beat D．got 8．Wang Dong didn't go to school yesterday ________ he was ill. A．so B．if C．because 9．I didn't know which dictionary was better, so I took ________. A．none B．neither C．each 10．—Look! It’s raining________ outside. —Yes, it is. It has been dry for many days, and the rain is good for crops. A．heavily B．hardly C．quietly D．badly 11．—What do you think of the performance today? —Great! ________ but a musical genius could perform so successfully. A．All B．None C．Anybody D．Everybody 12．一Where is Mr. Brown? 一I think he's _____________ the music hall. A．on B．in C．over D．from 13．hard work, I'm sure you can turn yourself into a more successful man. A．By B．Through C．From D．Without 14．—Mum, I don’t want the trousers. They’re too long. —Sorry. I’ll buy a ________ pair for you. A．big B．small C．short 15．There are too many people in the street so that he had to________his way through the
一、选择题 1．—Hardly any people believe that a(n) ________ meeting will lead to a lasting love. —I agree. A．familiar B．distant C．accidental D．present 2．In modern life, shopping online is________ used by many people, especially for teenagers. A．exactly B．badly C．heavily D．widely 3．—Oh, my God! I have ________ five pounds after the Spring Festival. —All of the girls want to lose weight, but easier said than done. A．given up B．put on C．got on D．grown up 4．That path ________ directly to my house.You won't miss it. A．leads B．forms C．repairs D．controls 5．I don’t want to go. __________, I am too tired. A．However B．And C．Besides D．But 6．My sister Nancy often gets lost because of her bad _____ of direction. A．sense B．feeling C．experience D．information 7．People who always do sports are in spirits than those who don't. A．high B．higher C．tall D．taller 8．He is wearing his sunglasses to himself from the strong sunlight. A．prevent B．stop C．keep D．protect 9．He can’t wait to get a ticket to the movie, so he________ for it yesterday. A．spent B．paid C．took D．cost 10．Mr. Smith gave us some________on how to improve our speaking skills. A．advice B．news C．knowledge D．information 11．Kangkang gets up early every day and he is ________ late for school. A．sometimes B．often C．never D．usually 12．Remember to return the book to the school library in time, ________ you will be fined(罚款). A．or B．and C．but D．so 13．—Do you know what the meeting is about? —Yes, of course. It will ________ some important rules we need to know about our new senior high school. A．talk B．achieve C．memorize D．cover 14．—Bill, do you like________? —Yes. They’re healthy. A．ice-cream B．carrots C．salad 15．He wrote his phone number ________ a piece paper. A．on B．for C．in D．from 16．Maria ________ speaks Chinese be cause she doesn’t know much Chinese.
词汇复习的有效方法 各位老师：大家好！ 回顾过去的一年，在市教研室和学校的大力支持下，在师生的共同努力下，我校又一次取得了令人满意的成绩。英语高考也再创辉煌。最高分146分，两个重点班的英语平均分高达135分，平行班的英语平均分125分。成绩的取得，首先要感谢教研室的正确指导和关怀。教研室田老师经常不辞辛劳，在百忙之中给我们指导教学工作。田老师直言不讳的指导风格，让我们在质疑中求出路，在挫折中前进，我们进步很大，受益匪浅。其次我们要感谢58中这个大家庭，给我们提供了一个充满活力和温暖的教学环境。学校领导的大力支持与关心和58中班主任艰辛与无私的付出，使得我们拥有一批令人欣慰的学生，他们善解人意，刻苦努力，喜欢创新，我们的课堂总是很温馨，和谐，充满浓浓的爱意。成绩的取得还得益于高三教师精诚合作，更得益于我们备课组老师的努力拼搏和科学备考。下面，我将我们组在过去一年中在英语教学中的工作，主要是词汇复习策略方法进行回顾，和大家一起交流探讨： 高三一轮复习，是整个高考复习阶段的最重要时期。这一时期的主线是夯实基础，注重知识储备，在一轮复习中，我们力求帮助学生构建起系统化的知识网络，突破词汇学习，避免低层次的重复操练。回顾过去的这一年，我们对词汇复习的环节印象尤为深刻。（一）抓好词汇的常规复习 1）提炼“高频词汇”，提高学生的写作及表达能力。 在一轮复习1-8册课本词汇期间，我们是这样做的，即在组内分工，7个组员轮流出词汇复习的导学案。对每个模块挑出的10-20个左右的单词，让学生牢牢记忆、拼写。选择这组词汇的标准是：容易识记，不易出错；能组成重点词组和实用句型；能够运用在书面表达中。选择这组词汇的目的就是为书面表达做储备，让学生有内容可写。如在复习第一册第一模块时，我们可以让学生重点记忆以下个单词的拼写：enthusiastic, embarrassed, attitude, description, impress, disappointed, cover, bored, fluency ，然后反复举例、造句，让学生记住这些关键词的拼写及相关的重要短语和句型，并鼓励他们在随后的写作中灵活运用。 2）提炼“重点词汇”，提高学生做单项选择的能力。 依据新课标要求，挑出若干词汇，选择这组词汇的目的就是梳理知识点、以备单项选择题。如第一册课本第二模块，我们可以挑出avoid, hate, appreciate, admit, immed iately 等单词，引导学生列举出这些单词的重要用法及其搭配的重点短语，然后，从两方面加深理解：一是背诵这些短语及所组成的简短句子，培养语感；二是练习单项选择题，把握这些词汇的用法和特点。 3) 提炼“复杂词汇”，提高学生的阅读能力。 在我们的词汇学案上，有一块位置，是专门为复杂词汇而准备的，对于这部分词汇，我们不要求学生会写，只要求认识。这样既可以减轻学生的负担，又能应对高考阅读理解题对词汇量的要求。而这一类词汇的补充可以在平时的完形填空、阅读理解中得以实现。
一、选择题 1．—Is that blue cup Paul's? — No, it isn't . ________is yellow. A．Mine B．Yours C．Hers D．His 2．—Oh, my God! I have ________ five pounds after the Spring Festival. —All of the girls want to lose weight, but easier said than done. A．given up B．put on C．got on D．grown up 3．That path ________ directly to my house.You won't miss it. A．leads B．forms C．repairs D．controls 4．— Mr. Wilson, can I ask you some questions about your speech? — Certainly, feel __________ to ask me. A．good B．patient C．free D．happy 5．— Sorry, I can't afford to go abroad. — What about having a country travel with a little________ price? A．cheaper B．higher C．lower D．less 6．People who always do sports are in spirits than those who don't. A．high B．higher C．tall D．taller 7．He is wearing his sunglasses to himself from the strong sunlight. A．prevent B．stop C．keep D．protect 8．—Have you got Kathy’s________ for her concert? —Yes, I’d like to go and enjoy it. A．interview B．information C．invitation D．introduction 9．When you are________, you should listen to music to cheer you up. A．shy B．afraid C．strict D．down 10．You should be careful to pay over the Internet, ________it’s not always safe. A．so B．because C．after D．as soon as 11．I didn't know which dictionary was better, so I took ________. A．none B．neither C．each 12．We’d better finish our work ________ one go. Don’t put it off till next time. A．in B．to C．on D．for 13．—Dad, what is the loudspeaker saying? —It is to the . The flight to Wuhan is boarding now. A．customers B．passengers C．members D．tourists 14．You can’t ___ how I missed my mother at that time. A．offer B．provide C．imagine D．dream 15．There are too many people in the street so that he had to________his way through the crowd. A．break B．push C．pull D．throw
一、cost的四条用法注意 1. 表示“花费”，其主语通常是事或物(包括形式主语it)，不能是人。如： The computer cost (me) $2000. 这部电脑花了(我)2000美元。 It cost me $1000 a year to run a car. 使用一辆车每年要花(我)1000美元。 【注】表示主观上的“花费”，cost 通常不以人作主语，但是若表示客观上的“耗费”，有时也可用人作主语。如：Smokers cost the government a lot of money every year. 吸烟的人每年要耗费政府一大笔钱。 2. cost 的宾语通常是钱。如： How much did it cost to build the bridge? 建这座桥花了多少钱? 【注】cost 有时也用于时间，但通常用于笼统时间(一般不用于具体明确的时间)。如：Making experiments like this cost much time and labour. 做这样的实验要花很多时间和劳力。 3. 通常不用于被动语态。如： 正：The coat cost thirty dollars. 这外套花了30美元。 误：Thirty dollars was cost by the coat. 4. 有时用于比喻用法中。如(from https://www.doczj.com/doc/ae12305006.html,)： His mistake cost him his job. 他的错误使他丢了工作。 Careless driving will cost you your life. 粗心开车会使你丧命。 二、spend 花费，主语是人 sb+spend + 时间/ 金钱+ on sth 在....上花多少时间/金钱 sb.spend + 时间/金钱 + (in)doing sth 在做...上花多少时间/金钱 例如: 把下面的句子背出来，对你的考试有用：(注意大写的地方) 1 He spent two weeks WITH his colleagues IN Beijing visit ING different schools there. 2 He spent 1760 yuan ON his new Japanese bike. 三、take 、spend、cost 、pay的用法都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。 spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构： (1) spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。 (2) spend time ／money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。 (3)spend money for sth. 花钱买……。例：His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。 cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法如下： (1)sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱。例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 (2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) ＋时间,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。
高考核心词汇大全 口诀：英语高考变化大，词汇越来越称霸；标准要求三千五，八百词汇是关卡； 字形词义熟练记，保证考场是赢家。 一、语法角度归纳词汇： 1.只能接动名词，而不能接不定式作宾语： 口诀：建议避免冒险；介意错过训练；厌恶推迟完成；承认逃脱抵抗；考虑保持忍受；想象宽恕欣赏。suggest, avoid, risk, mind, miss, practise, dislike, delay, finish, admit, escape, resist, consider, keep, stand, imagine, forgive, enjoy 2.只能接不定式，而不能接动名词作宾语： 口诀：打算将来负担起一切，就得尝试失败，拒绝假装努力。要学会选择，决心设法完成计划。 父母会同意提供帮助，要承诺达到他们的期望要求。 want, intend, mean, afford, attempt, fail, refuse, pretend, try, learn, choose, decide, determine, manage, plan, agree, offer, help, promise, hope, wish, expect, ask 3.既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，意义不同： 口诀：go on 表继续，接doing 同一事，接to do 换一个； regret,forget , remember, 接doing 表做过，跟to do 要去做； mean doing 意味着，mean to do 打算做；try doing 试着做，try to do设法做 4.既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，意义相同： 口诀：need, want, require, 还有一个deserve, 接不定式用被动，接doing 主动就能表被动； Worth后接doing, 也用主动表被动，worthy 则不同，改用被动用被动。 need, require, want, deserve + doing / to be done (需要做) be worth doing, be worthy of being done, be worthy to be done (值得做) 5.接动名词作宾语，接不定式作宾补： 口诀：禁止、建议和允许，接doing作宾语，接to do 作补语。 forbid / advise / allow / permit doing sth; forbid / advise / allow / permit sb. to do sth. (禁止，建议允许某人做某事) 6.接宾语从句，从句使用虚拟语气： 1). 在动词order / demand / insist/ command / advise / suggest / request / require 等词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用（should）+ 动词原形，使用虚拟语气。 口诀：每词有特点，宾语从句中，(should) + 动词原形会出现。insist, suggest谨慎用，还要把词义细分辨。 insist (坚持要某人做某事用虚拟；坚持说、坚持认为，则不用), demand, desire, require, request, order, propose, command , ask (要求), advise, prefer, suggest(建议用虚拟，暗示，表明则不用)。 2).动词wish后接的宾语从句一律使用虚拟语气： 口诀：wish后的从句用虚拟，三种情况要梳理。主句时态不用管，从句时间是关键。
教你辨析：考研英语超难易混词汇（一） 在考研英语复习过程中，考生面临一个非常棘手的问题，即超难易混词汇的辨析。万学海文为广大考生提供了高频考察词汇的辨析，希望能够为广大考生助一臂之力。 1、abide, adhere, conform, comply “遵守” abide v.后接by表示“遵守，同意”。 E.g. I will abide by the director' decision. 我将遵从主任的决定。 adhere v.后接to表示“遵守”。(当然adhere一词的其它意思如“坚持；粘附”也经常被考到。) E.g. Car drivers must adhere to the rules of driving. 汽车司机必须遵守驾驶规则。 conform v.后接to表示“遵守，符合”。 E.g. All individuals are required to conform to the laws made by their governments. 每个人都应该遵守政府制订的法律。 comply v.后接with表示“遵守，服从”，用于正式的场合。 E.g. Our company complies with governmental regulations on paying taxes. 我们公司遵守政府有关纳税的规定。 2、abnormal, uncommon, disordered“反常的” abnormal a.不正常的，反常的(但并非罕见)，指行为或现象(如气候)的异常。 E.g. His body temperature has been abnormal for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5 degree centigrade. 他的体温三天来一直都不正常，最高的时候达到40.5摄氏度。(尽管身体发烧不正常，但生活中也时有发生。) uncommon a.罕见的，不平常的，指很少经历或很少见到的状况；特别的，出色的。 E.g. Hurricanes are uncommon in England. 飓风在英国非常罕见。 E.g. That is uncommon instant coffee; it tastes great! 那速溶咖啡质量上乘，味道好极了！ disordered a.混乱的，杂乱的；(精神或身体)有病的。 E.g. We couldn't understand her disordered presentation. 我们听不明白她条理不清的陈述。 3、abolish, cancel, eliminate, dispose, erase, exclude, extinguish“取消，除掉” abolish v.指对法律、习俗、制度的废除；完全破坏。 E.g. The government abolished the tax on alcohol. 政府取消了酒税。
一、选择题 1．Your advice is very________to me. I’m sure our activity will be more meaningful. A．terrible B．comfortable C．impossible D．valuable 2．That path ________ directly to my house.You won't miss it. A．leads B．forms C．repairs D．controls 3．I don’t want to go. __________, I am too tired. A．However B．And C．Besides D．But 4．Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ________ plants can spread to new places. A．so B．or C．but D．for 5．These oranges looks nice, but _____ very sour. A．taste B．smell C．sound D．look 6．He can’t wait to get a ticket to the movie, so he________ for it yesterday. A．spent B．paid C．took D．cost 7．You should be careful to pay over the Internet, ________it’s not always safe. A．so B．because C．after D．as soon as 8．World Book Day takes place ________ April 23rd every year. A．at B．in C．on 9．I didn't know which dictionary was better, so I took ________. A．none B．neither C．each 10．Kangkang gets up early every day and he is ________ late for school. A．sometimes B．often C．never D．usually 11．He ________all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette. A．requested B．attacked C．protected D．ignored 12．Remember to return the book to the school library in time, ________ you will be fined(罚款). A．or B．and C．but D．so 13．—Why did Jim look so happy? —It________ him that he had a good choice even if he failed in the job interview. A．learned B．broke C．hit D．received 14．—Mum, I don’t want the trousers. They’re too long. —Sorry. I’ll buy a ________ pair for you. A．big B．small C．short 15．hard work, I'm sure you can turn yourself into a more successful man. A．By B．Through C．From D．Without 16．Ice, snow and steam are different of water. A．sizes B．sights C．forms D．styles 17．Amy makes fewer mistakes than Frank. She does her homework .