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广州版小学英语介词复习

广州版小学英语介词复习
广州版小学英语介词复习

一、概述

介词是英语中很活跃的词,一般置于名词之前。它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配,表示不同意义。

二、常用介词的基本用法

at

①表示时间:I go to school at seven every day 我每天早上7点去上学。

②表示在某一具体地点:He is standing at the bus stop 他站在公共汽车站。

③表示动作的方向、目标:Let me have a look at the picture 让我看看这幅图。

④用于某些固定搭配:at once 立刻、马上at last 最后look at 看

at the same time 同时at first 开始时

not at all 一点也不

about

①表示大约时间:It’s about six o'clock now. 现在大约6点钟了。

②表示地点;在……周围:Everything about me is so beautiful 我周围的一切都那么美好。

③关于,对于:We are talking about the news. 我们正在谈论新闻。

after

①在……之后:After dinner I watch TV. 晚饭后我看电视。

②在……后面:He came into the room after me. 他在我后面进了房间。

behind

①在……之后:There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车

②比……晚,迟于:The train is behind time. 火车晚点了

by

①在……旁:He is sitting by the bed. 他正坐在床边。

②到……时候:We have learned three English songs by now. 到现在为止,我们已经学会了三首英文歌曲。

③以……方式:I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽车去上学。

④用于某些固定搭配:one by one 一个接一个by the way 顺便说一句

for

①为,给,替:I'll make a card for my teacher. 我要给老师做张卡片。

②由于:Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮我。

③表示给(某人)用的:There is letter for you. 这儿有你一封信。

in

①在……里面:The pencil is in the desk. 铅笔在课桌里。

②在一段时间里:We have four classes in the morning. 我们上午有四节课。

③用,以:What's this in English? 这用英语怎么说?

④在某一年份,季节,月份:in 2002, in spring, in January

⑤表示状态,服饰:Helen is in yellow. 海伦身穿黄色衣服。

⑥在……方面:He is weak in English. 他的英语不行。

⑦用于某些固定搭配:in front of 在……前面in the end 最后in time 及时

like

①像……样:He looks like his father. 他像他的父亲。

②这样,那样:Don't look at me like that. 别那样看着我。

③怎样:What's the weather like? 天气怎样。

near

靠近,在……附近:My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。

of

①的(表示所属关系):This is a photo of my family. 这是一张我家的照片。

②……的(用于所有格):He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。

③表示数量(与连词连用):One of us is from Beijing. 我们中有一个来自北京

④想到,谈到:I often think of them. 我常常想到他们。

⑤用于某些固定搭配:of course 当然

because of 因为,由于

on

①在……上面:There are some apple on the tree. 树上有些苹果。

②在(星期)天,在某天的上午(下午,晚上):They go to English class on Sunday. 星期天他们去上英语课。

I left Beijing on the morning of May 1. 我在5月1日早上离开北京。

③用于某些固定搭配:on duty 值日on time 准时

over

①在……正上方:There is a lamp over the table. 桌子上方有一盏灯。

②遍及,穿过:There is a bridge over the river. 有座桥横跨那条河。

③超过,不止:She is a little over 2. 她两岁多了。

to

①到,往,向:He walks to the window. 他走向窗户。

②表示时间、数量,

到……为止Please count from ten to thirty. 请从10数到30.

③向,对,给:Happy New Y ear to you all. 大家新年好。

under

What's under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么?

with

①和,写:Could you go home with me? 你能和我一起回家吗?

②表示伴随状态,带有:Who's that girl with glasses? 那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁?

三、介词的固定搭配

1)介词和名词的连用at

at first 起初;开始at last 最后

at school 在上课,在上学

at the moment 此刻

at home 在家;无拘束

at present 现在

at work 上班,在工作

at the same time 同时

on

on duty 值日

on holiday 度假

on time 准时

on the left/right 在左/右边

on the radio 在广播中

on foot 步行

on sale 出售;降价出售

on TV 在电视上播放

on the phone 在电话中

on the way 在路上

in

in all 总体

in class 在课堂上

in English 用英语

in short 总之

in a hurry 匆忙地

in the end 最后

in bed 躺在床上

in danger 在危险中

in fact 事实上

in time 及时地

in a minute 立刻

in order to 为了

in front of 在…前边(外部)

in the front of 在…前边(内部)

2)动词和介词的连用

arrive at/in 到达

get on 上车

get off 下车

help yourself to …随便吃…

help sb. With sth. 帮组某人做某事ask for 请求

get up 起床

get to 到达

hand in 上交

wait for 等待

laugh at 嘲笑

look after 照顾

look for 寻找

learn from 向……学习

think for 想到worry about 担心

listen to 听

look at 看;注视

talk about 交谈;谈

wait for 等候;等

thank for 为……而感谢

turn on 打开

turn off 关闭

put on 穿上

take off 脱下

talk about 谈及….

Catch up with 赶上

3)形容词和介词连用

be afraid of 害怕

be careful with 小心;关心

be interested in 对……感兴趣

be good at 善于

be proud of 感到自豪

be crazy about 酷爱

be late for 干某事迟到

be good for 对……有利

be different from…不同于…

be worried about …担心…

4)其他

by+交通工具

by

bus/train/plane/air/ship/bike/sea/land …

lots of/a lot of 许多,大量

at most 至多

at least 至少

at once 立刻;马上

from … to…从…到…

Of

a glass of 一杯

a lot of 许多

a pair of 一双

a picture of 一幅

full of…充满…

at the top of 在…的顶部

时间名词前所用介词的速记歌

年月周前要用in,日子前面却不行。In 1998, in May, in this week

遇到某天要用on,上午下午又是in。On Saturday, On my birthday,

要说某日上下午,用on换in才能行。in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening

午夜黄昏须用at,黎明用它也不错。At night, at midnight, at dawn, at noon.

at用在具体时间点前,说“差”可要用上to,at 6:00, ten to twelve

说“过”只可使用past,多说多练牢牢记,five past ten

莫让岁月空蹉跎。

其他介词口诀:

和,同,随谁一起with I go to the park with my father.

固定搭配help…..with Can you help me with my backpack ?

因为,由于for Thank you for your help.

给for I bought presents for my friend.

小处at, 大处in at the door, at home, at school, in the world, in Beijing, in China.步行,骑马,左右on on foot, on a horse, on the left , on the right

From… to 从…到…. From home to school

Far from 离…远Guangzhou is far from Beijing.

交通工具要用by by bike, by plane

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