◣词语大辨析◥-§①
abandon，desert，forsake，quit都含有一定的"放弃"之意
abandon指完全、永远地放弃,尤指对之负有责任或义务者,放弃一个项目或计划
desert强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等(擅离职守)
forsake 指遗弃以前所爱的人或事物,着重于断绝情感上的依恋eg.forsake one's wife and children 遗弃妻儿;forsake bad habits摈弃坏习惯
quit 指突然或出其不意地放弃,现一般指"停止" eg.quit work停止工作
exercises(choose the best answer & translate every sentences):
1.His presence of mind never __ him.
A.deserted
B.left
C.lost
D.quit
2.Despite some difficulties,they're not going to __ the plan.
A.abandon
B.desert
C.forsake
D.quit
3.__ it out!
A.Forsake
B.Quit
C.Give up
D.Desert
4.Arnold Schwarzenegger has __ the theater for politics.
A.deserted
B.forsook
C.quit
D.exchanged
1.His presence of mind never deserted him.他从不失去镇静.
2.Despite some difficulties,they're not going to abandon the plan. 尽管他们遇到了一些困难,但并不打算放弃这个计划.
3.Quit it out!住嘴./住手.
4.Arnold Schwarzenegger has forsook the theater for politics.阿诺德?施瓦辛格弃艺从政了 > ◣词语大辨析◥-§② accessory，decoration，ornament 都含有一定的"装饰品"之意 accessory [常作pl.]指(女性的)装饰品,(手提包,些,手套,帽子,项链,耳环等) decoration指为了装饰某物所使用的艳丽好看的装饰品 ornament指一般装饰品(ornament在作动词时常可和decorate互换) 1.The hall is ___ with flowers and flags. A.full B.filled C.garnished D.decorated 2.The Christmas tree was decorated with shinning ___ such as colored lights and glass balls. A.ornaments B.luxuries C.exhibits https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,plements 3.She wore a green wool suit with matching ___. A.decorations B.ornaments C.accessories D.appendix 4.Can you help me to ___ a fish with slices of lemon. A.add B.garnish C.decorate D.ornament 1.The hall is decorated with flowers and flags.大厅里装饰着鲜花和旗帜.(此句也能用ornament 替换.) 2.The Christmas tree was decorated with shinning ornaments such as colored lights and glass balls.圣诞树被一些闪亮的装饰物点缀着,如彩灯和玻璃球. 3.She wore a green wool suit with matching accessories.她穿了一件绿色的羊毛套装,佩戴着得体的首饰. 4.Can you help me to garnish a fish with slices of lemon.你能帮我在鱼上加配柠檬片吗?(garnish 多用于对烹饪、菜式的装饰,如加调味料,加配材料等) ◣词语大辨析◥-§③: accomplish，complete，end，finish 都含有"完成"之意 accomplish指成功地完成预期的计划或达到预期的目的或成果accomplish a goal complete指完成一件指派或预定的任务，或完善、完整未完成的部分mission complete end指一个动作或一件事情的结束或终止story end finish指把一件事或一个动作做完，强调事情的了结、终止 1.We tried to settle the arguement but ___ nothing. A.accomplised https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,pleted C.ended D.finished 2.The term will ___ early in July. A.accomplish https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,plete C.end D.finish 3.The building was ___ in 1962.. A.accomplished https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,pleted C.ended D.finished 4.When will the work be ___. A.accomplished https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,pleted C.ended D.finished 5.比较:I have finished the book.和I have completed a book.分别释为何意呢? 1.We tried to settle the arguement but accomplished nothing.我们试图解决争端,但未成功. 2.The term will end early in July.学期将在七月初结束. 3.The building was finished in 1962.大厦建成于1962年. 4.When will the work be completed.工作什么时候完结? 5.I have finished the book.我读完了那本书. I have completed a book.我写完了一本书. ◤词语大辨析◢-§.④ accurate，correct，delicate，exact，precise都含有一定的"正确,精确"之意 accurate准确的，精确的，指某人或某事不仅不出错，而且与事实无出入，强调准确性 correct正确的，指某人或某事合乎事实或公认的标准或规则，没有错误 delicate精美、精细的、雅致的 exact确切的、精确的,语气较accurate强,指某人或某事数量或质量完全符合事实或标准,而且在细致末节上也丝毫不差 precise精密的,指具有高度的精确性和准确性,强调范围界限的鲜明性或细节的精密,有时略带"吹毛求疵 "的贬义 1.His painting is a/an ___ copy of the original. A.exact B.precise C.correct D.accurate https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,ser technology has enhanced the ___ of many surgical procedures. A.detail B.cost C.exaction D.precision 3.We hope to become more ___ in predicting earthquakes. A.exact B.correct C.precise D.accurate 4.It’s the ___ thing to do. A.accurate B.precise C.exact D.correct 5.One of his eyes was injured in an accident, but after a ___ operation,he quickly recovered his sight. A. precise B.delicate C.considerate D.exact 1.His painting is a/an exact copy of the original.他的画是与原作丝毫不差的临摹作品. https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,ser technology has enhanced the precision of many surgical procedures.激光技术已大大提高了外科手术的精确度. 3.We hope to become more accurate in predicting earthquakes.我们希望能更准确地预测地震.(be accurate in…在…方面很精确) 4.It’s the correct thing to do.正应如此. 5.One of his eyes was injured in an accident,but after a delicate operation,he quickly recovered his sight.他的一只眼睛在事故中受伤,但经过精细的手术以后很快恢复了视力.
>
◤词语大辨析◢-§.⑤
accuse，charge，indict都含有一定的"指控,控告"之意
accuse accuse sb. of doing sth.为…指责某人,控告某人
charge charge sb. with doing sth.指控某人…
indict具体用法见练习3、4、5句
1.The soldier was ___ of running away when the enemy attacked.
A.scolded
B.charged
C.accused
D.punished
2.He ___ me with negligence of duty.
A.accused
B.blamed
C.charged
D.indicted
3.The police ___ him as a rioter.
A.indicted
B.accused
C.charged
D.punished
4.His company ___ him for sabotage.
A.accused
B.indicted
C.blamed
D.charged
5.He was ___ on a charge of murder.
A.accused
B.charged
C.punished
D.indicted
1.The soldier was accused of running away when the enemy attacked.这个士兵被指控为临阵逃脱.
2. He charged me with negligence of duty.他指控我玩忽职守.
3.The police indicted him as a rioter.警察指控他为扰乱治安者.(indict sb. as…指控某人为…)
4.His company indicted him for sabotage他公司告发他的破坏行为.(indict sb for sth.告发某人…)
5.He was indicted on a charge of murder.他因犯杀人罪被起诉.(sb. be indicted on a charge of …因犯…被告发)
◤词语大辨析◢-§.⑥
achieve,acquire,attain,gain,obtain都含有一定的"获得,达到"之意
achieve强调由于极大的努力,克服困难后达到目标
acquire指经过不懈努力才获得的技术,知识等抽象的东西,也指养成习惯等
attain正式用语,指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美境地
gain指需要做出比obtain更大的努力,往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西
obtain指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间儿得到所需要的东西
1.After so many years of hard work,he finally ___ success.
A.obtained
B.acquired
C.achieved
D.gained
2.She has ___ some very unpleasant habits recently.
A.obtained
B.gained
C.attained
D.acquired
3.In typhoon,winds ___ a speed greater than 120 km per hour.
A.assume
B.accomplish
C.attain
D.assemble
4.In the second experiment they ___ a very clear result.
A.obtained
B.acquired
C.won
D.attained
5.No ___ without pains.
A.obtains
B.gains
C.attains
D.acquires
6.She ___ a good knowledge of English from Mr. Chen's lectures.
A.achieved
B.attained
C.acquired
D.gained
C.D.C.A.B.C.
1.After so many years of hard work,he finally achieved success.经过这么多年努力,他终于获得了成功.
2.She has acquired some very unpleasant habits recently.她最近养成了一些不良的习惯.
3.In typhoon,winds attain a speed greater than 120 km per hour.发生台风时,风速每小时高达120公里.
4.In the second experiment they obtained a very clear result.在第二次试验中他们的到了一个非常清楚的结果.
5.No gains without pains.不劳则无获.
6.She acquired a good knowledge of English from Mr. Chen's lectures.他
◤词语大辨析◢-§.⑦
acknowledge,admit,concede,confess,recognize都含有一定的"承认"之意
acknowledge着重”公开承认”,常用来指过去曾隐瞒或否认的事
admit是指在压力下不得不承认已经证实或难以否认的事实,供认(事实,错误等)
concede (不情愿地)承认,(在结果确定前)承认失败
confess着重承认自己的过错或罪恶
recognize指正式承认主权、权利等
1.He ___ that the statement was true in an argument.
A.conceded
B.admitted
C.confessed
D.recognized
2.She ___ having been at fault.
A.admitted
B.confessed
C.acknowledged
D.recognized
3.The new law was generally admitted ___ difficult to enforce.
A.being
B.to being
C.to be
D.to have
4.Although they had suffered heavy losses,they refused to ___ defeat.
A.conced
B.conserve
C.admit
D.assert
5.Finally he has to ___ himself guilty.
A.concede
B.confess
C.admit
D.acknowledge
6.Mr.Zhang was___ as the legitimate representative.
A.acknowledge
B.admitted
C.conceded
D.recognized
A.C.C.A.
B.D
1.He conceded that the statement was true in an argument.他在辩论中承认对方的说法是正确的.(有点不情愿的承认)
2.She acknowledged having been at fault.他承认自己曾犯过错误.
3.The new law was generally admitted to be difficult to enforce.大家普遍认为,新的法律很难实施.(admit后面可跟名词或动名词作宾语,不根不定式作宾语,但可接不定式作宾补.此句中admit为被动结构,所以用to be difficult to enforce作主语补语.)
4.Although they had suffered heavy losses,they refused to concede defeat.虽然他们已遭受惨重损失,但还是不肯认输.
5.Finally he has to confess himself guilty.最终他不得不认罪.(confess oneself认罪)
6.Mr.Zhang was recognized as the legitimate representative of the company. ersonname w:st="on" productid="张">张先生背城认为公司的合法代表. ◤词语大辨析◢-§⑧ affirm，assert，allege，claim都含有一定的"宣称，断言"之意 affirm断言,肯定,指根据事实坚定不移地宣称,有无可争辩之意 assert宣称,坚持,指不管事实如何,主观自信地宣称 allege宣称,断定,指在无真实凭据情况下宣称,硬说 claim声称,主张,往往表示说话者反对或不同意某一观点 1.Politicians more often___ their desire for retirement than show that they really mean it. A.assert B.claim C.allege D.affirm 2.The suspect ___ that he had not been in the neighbourhood. A.advocated B.alleged C.addressed D.announceed 3.He ___ his belief that she was innocent. A.affirmed B.asserted C.maintained D.stressed 4.He ___ that this could be done. A.affirmed B.alleged C.asserted D.claimed 5.Don’t ___ to know what you don’t know. A.claimed B.asserted C.alleged D.affirmed 1.Politicians more often affirm their desire for retirement than show that they really mean it.政治家经常声称他们想退休,但未必是真的. 2.The suspect alleged that he had not been in the neighbourhood.嫌疑犯生成案发时他并不在现场. 3.He asserted his belief that she was innocent.他坚持自己的想法,她是无辜的. 4.He asserted that this could be done..他宣称这是可行的. 5.Don't claim to know what you don't know.不要强不知以为知. ◤词语大辨析◢-§⑨ alarm,dread,fear,fright,horror,panic,terror都含有一定的"惊恐"之意 alarm惊恐,忧虑,指突然遇到危险产生的紧张,害怕,惊慌失措的心理状态,也可指一般的担心忧虑(take/feel alarm at…因…而惊恐) dread担忧,惧怕,多指因预料有危险和不愉快的事面临而产生的不安心情,比fear更为强烈的恐惧 fear表示恐惧最普通的用语,指遇到危险或灾难内心感到不安或发慌 fright指突然的惊恐 horror令人毛骨悚然,使人极其厌恶的恐怖(常用于强调表现出恐怖的现象或行为,而不强调引起恐怖的原因) panic恐慌(指吃惊以后随之而来的不知所措,神经几乎失控的状态) terror恐怖(指个人安全受到严重威胁时所产生的巨大恐惧及惊骇) 1.There is nothing to get ___ about. A.alarmed B.feared C.horrified D.terrified 2.She had always been in ___of meeting with an accident. A.horror B.alarm C.terror D.dread 3.Our cat ___ dogs. A.alarms B.fears C.panics D.dreads 4.I don't ___ easily. A.fear B.dread C.frighten D.alarm 5.They watch with ___ as the tightrope walker struggled to remain his balance. A.panic B.alarm C.horror D.terror 6.All the residents of the town ___ when there was a big fire in the supermarket. A.paniced B.panicked C.surprised D.shocked 7.She was ___ out of her senses. A.alarmed B.feared C.hottified D.terrified 1.There is nothing to get alarmed about.没什么可大惊小怪的. 2.She had always been in dread of meeting with an accident.他总是担心遇上意外事故. 3.Our cat fears dogs.我们家的猫怕狗. 4.I don't frighten easily.我不会轻易受惊的. 5.They watch with horror as the tightrope walker struggled to remain his balance.他们心惊肉跳得看着走钢丝绳的演员摇摇晃晃地在恢复平衡. 6.All the residents of the town panicked when there was a big fire in the supermarket.超市的一场大火震惊了全镇居民.(panic的过去式为panicked) 7.She was terrified out of her senses.她吓得魂不附体. ◤词语大辨析◢-§⑩ alter,change,convert,modify,shift,transform,vary都含有一定的"改变"之意 alter改变,变更,指衣服等表面或局部做部分变动,而没有变成另一种事物 change改变,变更,指位置,性质,外表,形式或是数量与质量等改变.常与into连用. convert使转变,变化,一般只表示事物的外表及用途等方面发生的次要变化,而不是本质上的巨大变化,也可用于改变某人的政治观点、信仰.这个词义是其他词所没有的 modify修改,变更,较正式,常用以表示意见,计划或形式,质量方面不大的变化 shift指位置或方向的移动,改变 transform指外形或面貌的改变,彻底改变性格,性质等 vary改变,不同,有区别,变化 1.If your coat is too long,the tailor can___it to fit you. A.alter B.convert C.change D.modify 2.Great ___ have taken place since he left. A.alters B.converts C.changes D.transforms 3.He used to be a Christian,but he is now___ to Buddhism. A.converted B.changed C.transformed D.reformed 4.Prices that ___ with the quality. A.shift B.vary C.convert D.alter 5.The wind has ___ from north to south. A.shifted B.converted C.altered D.transformed 6.Many military factories have been ___ into civil ones in order to meet the needs of the country. A.altered B.varied C.shifted D.transformed 7.The inventor ___ his original design in order to increase the machine’s effiency. A.exchanged B.converted C.modified D.cultivated 1.If your coat is too long,the tailor can alter it to fit you.如果你的衣服太大,裁缝会给你改的合身. 2.Great changes have taken place since he left.他走后变化很大. 3 He used to be a Christian,but he is now.converted to Buddhism.他过去是一个基督教徒,现在改信佛教. 4.Prices that vary with the quality.价格随质量不同而变化.(vary with…随…而变化) 5.The wind has shifted from north to south.风向从北转到了南. 6.Many military factories have been transformed into civil ones in order to meet the needs of the country.为了适应国情的需要,我们把很多军用工厂改成了民用工厂. 7.The inventor modified his original design in order to increase the machine’s efficiency. 发明者改变原来的设计目的是提高机器的效率. ◤词语大辨析◢-§⑾ alternative,choose,pick,select都含有一定的"选择"之意 alternative adj. n.供选择的,抉择,供选择的东西.指在两者之间进行选择,两者选一的 choose适用范围最广,指从众多的对象中挑选,这中挑选常取决于个人的意志与判断,不强调客观标准.它所选择的对象可以是不同种类的,可以是有形的或无形的.还常带有最终选定的含义,即表示选定候不再变化. pick口头用语,指仔细地,精心地选择,含有挑剔的意思.一般指挑选有形的东西 select语气比choose重,多用于正式场合.指仔细地,审慎地精选,强调客观性,而不是主观性.所挑选的对象可以是有形或无形的,但一定是同种类的. 1.He ___an appropriate birthday card for his mother. A.chose B.picked C.selected D.elected 2.Children shouldn't ___ food. A.pick off B.pick C.choose D.select 3.He ___ Miss Lilyfor his wife. A.chose B.selected C.picked D.elected 4.When traveling,you are advised to take travelers' checks,which provide a secure ___ to carrying your money in cash. A.preference B.selection C.choice D.alternative 5.I'm to ___ a few good books to send to my friend. A.choose B.pick up C.pick out D.pick at 1.He selected an appropriate birthday card for his mother.他给母亲精心挑选了一张合适的生日卡. 2.Children shouldn’t pick food.孩子不应该挑食.(pick off摘去,采取) 3 He chose Miss Lilyfor his wife.他选择了莉丽小姐作为他的妻子.(从本句可以看出"choose常带有最终选定的含义"这一点) 4.When traveling,you are advised to take travelers' checks,which provide a secure alternative to carrying your money in cash.建议你旅游时带旅行支票,那样要比带现金安全. 5.I'm to pick out a few good books to send to my friend.我要挑选几本好书给我的朋友.(pick up 收拾整理,用车接人pick out挑选,拣出pick at吃一点点,无食欲地吃) ◤词语大辨析◢-§⑿ altitude,aptitude,attitude,latitude都非常形近 altitude高度,海拔(an altitude of 20,000 metres above sea level海拔20,000米) aptitude才能,智力,倾向,习性 attitude态度,看法 latitude纬度(longitude经度) 1.Beavers have an ___ for building dams. A.altitude B.aptitude C.attitude https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,titude 2.She takes the ___ that Children should be allowed to learn at their own pace. A.altitude B.aptitude C.attitude https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,titude 3.He has an ___ for languages. A.altitude B.aptitude C.attitude https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,titude 4.What's your ___ towards this question? A.altitude B.aptitude C.attitude https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,titude 5.Taipei is located at 121.7 degrees east longitude and 25 degrees north ___. A.altitude B.aptitude C.attitude https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,titude 6.The pilot is exercising the ___ flight. A.altitude B.aptitude C.attitude https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,titude 1.Beavers have an aptitude for building dams.水獭有筑坝的习性. 2.She takes the attitude that Children should be allowed to learn at their own pace. 她采取的态度就是应该允许孩子们按照自己的节奏学习. 3 He has an aptitude for languages.他有学语言的才能. 4.What's your attitude towards this question?你对这个问题有什么看法? 5.Taipei is located at 121.7 degrees east longitude and 25 degrees north latitude.台北位于东经121.7度,北纬25度. 6.The pilot is exercising the altitude flight.飞行员正在练习高空飞行. ◤词语大辨析◢-§⒀ announce, declare, proclaim都含有一定的"宣布"之意 announce指对公众或特定的一群关心的人进行宣布，常指大家感兴趣的事，如国家大事、商品信息、生死病婚、开会等新闻 declare指在庄严场合，官方权威人士公开郑重宣布，有时指在公共场合对某事表明态度 proclaim指官方事务中当局对大众所作的重要宣布 其实,三个词之间有时也可经常互换使用. 1.Everyone was silent as he ___ the winner of the competition. A.told B.declared C.announced D.proclaimed 2.The government ___ war on the drug dealers. A.stated B.declared C.announced D.claimed 3.They ___ him a model worker. A.stated B.declared C.prized D.proclaimed 4.The chairman ___ the exhibition open. A.stated B.declared C.spoke D.proclaimed 5.The Congress of the Communist Party of China was ___ to meet in the paper. A.stated B.declared C.announced D.proclaimed 1.Everyone was silent as he announced the winner of the competition.当他宣布竞赛的获胜者时,大家都静静地倾听. 2.The government declared war on the drug dealers.政府向毒品贩子宣战.(declare war on/against…向…宣战;proclaim war宣战) 3.They proclaimed him a model worker..它们宣布他为劳动模范. 4.The chairman declared the exhibition open.主席宣布展览会开幕.(本句感觉也可用announced,你认为呢?) 5.The Congress of the Communist Party of China was announced to mee ◤词语大辨析◢-§⒁ ample, adequate, plentiful,sufficient都含有一定的"足够,丰富"之意 ample指不仅能达到应有的程度,满足需要,而且还有余,一般不修饰数量不定的名词(ample time充裕的时间;an ample basket of fruit满满一篮水果;ample space宽敞的空间) adequate足够的,充分的,指数量和质量上复合一个特定的标准或不太高的要求 plentiful丰富的,很多的,富裕的 sufficient尤指程度上多到能满足或达到某种特殊需要,特别是精神上的需要 1.There is ___ evidence to suggest that the lawyer in question knew exactly what she was doing. A.sufficient B.plentiful C.adequate D.ample 2.By law,when one makes a large purchase,he should have ___ opportunity to change his mind. A.accurate B.urgent C.adequate D.excessive 3.The supply is not ___ to the demand. A.sufficient B.plentiful C.adequate D.ample 4.He has acquired ___ proficiency to read Chinese literary works. A.sufficient B.plentiful C.adequate D.ample 5.A ___ harvest is in sight. A.sufficient B.plentiful C.adequate D.ample 1.There is ample evidence to suggest that the lawyer in question knew exactly what she was doing.有充分证据表明那个正在提问的律师确实知道她在做什么.(ample evidence充分证据) 2.By law,when one makes a large purchase,he should have adequate opportunity to change his mind.根据法律,当一个人进行大宗购买时,他应该有充分的机会改变自己的注意. 3.The supply is not adequate to the demand.供不应求. 4.He has acquired sufficient proficiency to read Chinese literary works.他已获得足够能力阅读中国文学著作. 5.A plentiful harvest is in sight.丰收在望.(plentiful/good harvest丰收) ◤词语大辨析◢-§⒂ amplify, enhance, enlarge,expand,magnify都含有一定的"扩大,提高"之意 amplify放大,扩大,增强,指放大,增强(信号等) enhance提高,增强,指(价格,力量,吸引力,声望)等的增加,提高. enlarge指体积,大小,范围,能力等方面的增加 expand既可指数量上或体积上的增加,也可用来之前后左右上下任何方向的扩大,也指知识的增长,生意的扩大 magnify指放大,扩大(声音,照片等) 1.Human knowledge has greatly ___ in the last 30 years which enables people to achieve more and live more comfortably. A.enlarged B.expanded C.enhanced D.amplified 2.Please ___ a radio signal. A.amplified B.expanded C.enhanced D.enlarged 3.The republication of the poet’s most recent works will certainly ___ his national reputation. A.magnify B.expand C.enhance D.amplify 4.People often use a loudspeaker to ___ the voice. A.develop B.enlarge C.magnify D.widen 5.We must ___ our views by reading. A.amplify B.magnify C.enhance D.enlarge 6.The boss is going to ___ retail operations. A.amplify B.magnify C.enhance D.expand 7.Mother asked someone to ___ the kitchen. A.amplify B.magnify C.enhance D.enlarge 1. Human knowledge has greatly expanded in the last 30 years which enables people to achieve more and live more comfortably.过去30年人类的知识已经有了很大的增长,这就使得人们能够取得更大的成就,生活也更舒适了. 2. Please amplify a radio signal.请放大无线电信号. 3. The republication of the poet’s most recent works will certainly enhance his national reputation.这位诗人最新作品的再版毋庸置疑地会提高他在国内的声望. 4. People often use a loudspeaker to magnify the voice.人们常用扩音器来放大声音. 5. We must enlarge our views by reading.我们必须以读书来增长见识. 6.The boss is going to expand retail operations.老板正打算扩大零售业务. 7.Mother asked someone to enlarge the kitchen.妈妈找人来扩大了厨房. ◤词语大辨析◢-§⒃ annoy,furious,indignant,irritate,provoke都含有一定的"恼怒"之意 annoy指有余被迫忍受某种不愉快甚至讨厌的事情而失去耐心或沉着(be annoyed at/by sth. be annoyed with sb. 对某人/某事很生气) furious狂怒的(be furious with sb. be furious at/about sth对某人/某事大发雷霆) indignant强调的是愤怒,愤慨,愤愤不平 irritate指一再打扰某人,终于使其失去耐心而发怒. provoke激怒(人,动物),使生气(provoke sb. to do /into doing...刺激某人做某事) 1.It ___ me that she just assumes we'll all fit in with her plans. A.irritates B.bothers C.annoys D.provokes 2.The manager was ___ by consumer's insolence. A.irritated B.bothered https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,plained D.provoked 3.Father was ___ with Peter about his mistake. A.careless B.bothered C.furious D.provoked 4.Mike ___ Mary to anger so that Mary was divorced from Mike. A.irritated B.bothered C.annoyed D.provoked 5.Mother is ___ against Bob because he is not obedient. A.irritated B.annoyed C.furious D.provoked 6.This unfair trestment arouses popular ___. A.irritation B.annoyance C.indignation https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,plaint 1.It __C__ me that she just assumes we'll all fit in with her plans.她想当然地认为我们都适合她的计划,这使我非常恼怒. A.irritates B.bothers C.annoys D.provokes 2.The manager was __A__ by consumer's insolence.经理被消费者的蛮横态度弄得恼火. A.irritated B.bothered https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,plained D.provoked 3.Father was __C__ with Peter about his mistake.父亲对彼得犯的错误大发雷霆. A.careless B.bothered C.furious D.provoked 4.Mike __D__ Mary to anger so that Mary was divorced from Mike.麦克激怒了玛丽以至于玛丽跟麦克离婚了.(provoke sb. to anger激怒某人;叫某人生气) A.irritated B.bothered C.annoyed D.provoked 5.Mother is __A__ against Bob because he is not obedient.妈妈对鲍伯的不听话很生气.(irritate against sb.对某人生气) A.irritated B.annoyed C.furious D.provoked 6.This unfair trestment arouses popular __C__.这种不公待遇引起了公愤. A.irritation B.annoyance C.indignation https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,plaint ◤词语大辨析◢-§⒄ apparatus,appliance,equipment,facility,instrument都含有一定的"器具"之意 apparatus指"一套仪器,一套器械,装置" appliance通常指需要动力才能操作的家用电器和装置等 equipment指"设备,装备" facility (pl.)"设备,设施",只是工作生活便利的工具和环境 instrument指精密的或科学的和艺术上使用的器具等 1.Today,housework has been made much easier by electrical ___. A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus 2.The complete ___ of the new library will take another year. A.apparatus B.facility C.instrument D.equipment 3.The school offer us the ___ for study. A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus 4.This hospital imported many surgical ___ from abroad. A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus 5.The Browns are always very cold in winter because they have not a heating ___. A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus 1.Today,housework has been made much easier by electrical __B__.现在,家用电器使得家务活轻松多了. A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus 2.The complete __D___ of the new library will take another year.新图书馆的全套设备还要花一年时间才能完成. A.apparatus B.facility C.instrument D.equipment 3.The school offer us the __A__ for study.学校为我们提供了便利学习的设施. A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus 4.This hospital imported many surgical __C__ from abroad.医院从国外进口了许多外科器械. A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus 5.The Browns are always very cold in winter because they have not a heating __D__.布朗一家每到冬天就很冷,因为他们没有暖气设备. A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus ◤词语大辨析◢-§⒅ answer,reply,respond都含有一定的"回答"之意 answer用的最广,几乎可指口头,书面乃至行动所表示的一切 reply指较为正式或经过考虑的答复,除了后面接直接宾语或以that开始的句子外,一般只用作不及物动词,后面连用to,表示回答旁人的问题(话语,信件,祝贺,攻击等) respond一般指对紧急问题或请求作出答复,或用行动对所说或所做的事情做出反应 1.The car ___ well to the controls. A.responds B.corresponds C.replies D.reflects 2.The electrician went at once in ___ to the phone call. A.reply B.respond C.reflection D.answer 3.He ___ nothing about this. A.refuse B.answer C.reply D.respond 4.Please ___ at your earliest convenience. A.answer B.reflect C.reply D.respond 5.The illness quickly ___ to proper treatment. A.replied B.answered C.reflected D.responded 1.The car __A__ well to the controls.这辆汽车操纵灵敏.(respong to sth.对某事物反映灵敏,起反应,回答,响应;corrspond to相当于,与...对应;reply to回信,对...做出反应) A.responds B.corresponds C.replies D.reflects 2.The electrician went at once in __D__ to the phone call.电工一接到电话马上就去了.(in answer to作为对...的回答,响应,反击等) A.reply B.respond C.reflection D.answer 3.He __B__ nothing about this.对此他没有回答. A.refuse B.answer C.reply D.respond 4.Please __C__ at your earliest convenience.请尽早答复. A.answer B.reflect C.reply D.respond 5.The illness quickly __D__ to proper treatment.疾病经适当治疗后很快好转. A.replied B.answered C.reflected D.responded ◤词语大辨析◢-§⒆ apparent,clear,evident,obvious,visible都含有一定的"明显"之意 apparent显然明白的,表面上的;常用来修饰容易看见或认识的事物 clear普通用语,凡听清、看清或易于理解的东西都可以用 evident指以事实为根据,加以推理就很明显,多用于抽象事物和推理,如事实、错误、成功等 obvious指极为明显,一目了然,不用多说就能清楚的东西 visible显著的,明显的,可看见的 以上词语,在某些时候可以互换,并无非常明显的界限. 1.Everyone present ran out for no ____ reason. A.apparent B.other C.absurd D.strange 2.It is (quite) ____ that he took the wrong path. A.apparent B.evident C.stupid D.absurd 3.Tom was nowhere in ____. A.apparence B.evidence C.obviosity D.vision 4.It is ____ that two and two make four. A.apparent B.evident C.obvious D.visible 5.He talked to the customer with ____ impatience. A.evident B.clear C.much D.visible 6.It is ____ (that) you have been cheated. A.clear B.apparent C.regretful D.ignorant 1.Everyone present ran out for no __A__ reason.在场的每个人都莫名其妙地跑掉了. A.apparent B.other C.absurd D.strange 2.It is (quite) __B__ that he took the wrong path.很显然,他走错了道.(本题选用obvious也是可以的嘛! It is (quite) evident that...很显然...) A.apparent B.evident C.stupid D.absurd 3.Tom was nowhere in __B__ .到处都看不到汤姆.(in evidence 明显的,显眼的,显而易见的,可看见的) A.apparence B.evidence C.obviosity D.vision 4.It is __C__ that two and two make four.二加二等于四,那是明明白白的.(It is bovious that...) A.apparent B.evident C.obvious D.visible 5.He talked to the customer with __D__ impatience.他和顾客谈话时显然不耐烦的样子.(本题选用apparent或obvious也没什么不可以.但evident和clear就有点勉强了.) A.evident B.clear C.much D.visible 6.It is __A__ (that) you have been cheated.明白得很,你已受骗了.(It is clear that...) A.clear B.apparent C.regretful D.ignorant ◤词语大辨析◢-§(20) 关于people的四个词,可能大家很早就听说过了吧,但我不知道是否都弄清楚了,所以在这里再提一下. a people,peoples,people,the people有何区别?你分清了嘛? a people指一个国家或地区的"民族、人民". peoples为a people的复数形式,指许多国家或地区的不同的"民族、人民". people泛指"人们",是集合名词,不能指一人.以单数形式表示复数意义,谓语动词要用复数 the people指"人民",可指某个国家的人民,也可指全世界的人民.它表示复数概念.若the people作为 主语,它的谓语动词要用复数形式. 1.The Chinese are a hard-working ____. A.people B.a people C.the people D.peoples 2.____ will laugh at you. A.People B.A people C.The people D.Peoples 3.____ are the makers of history. A.People B.A people C.The people D.Peoples 4.Five hundred ____ have attended the open air concert. A.people B.a people C.the people D.peoples 5.____ of the two countries are determined to unite still more closely. A.People B.A people C.The people D.The Peoples 6.____ who were waiting at the entrance have now gone inside. A.People B.A people C.The people D.Peoples 1.The Chinese are a hard-working __A__.中国是个勤劳的民族.(a (adj.) people) A.people B.a people C.the people D.peoples 2.__A__ will laugh at you.人们会嘲笑你的. A.People B.A people C.The people D.Peoples 3.__C__ are the makers of history.人民是历史的创造者. A.People B.A people C.The people D.Peoples 4.Five hundred __A__ have attended the open air concert.五百人参与了露天音乐会. A.people B.a people C.the people D.peoples 5.__D__ of the two countries are determined to unite still more closely.两国人民决心团结得更加紧密. A.People B.A people C.The people D.The peoples 6.__C__ who were waiting at the entrance have now gone inside.刚才等在入口处的人们现在都进去了. A.People B.A people C.The people D.Peoples ◣词语大辨析◢-§(21)"争论,争吵" argue,debate,discuss,dispute,quarrel都含有一定的"争论"之意 argue指一方坚持自己的意见,立场和观点,通过争论企图说服对方(argue with sb. about/over sth.) debate多指公开,正式场合进行的辩论或严肃的争论,双方各自陈述理由,"交锋""往返"的意味较强 discuss指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而进行的讨论,磋商 dispute指持续,激烈的争论,语气较强,有”相持不下,未得解决”的意思(in dispute在争论中) quarrel争吵,争论,含与人发生口角的意思 1.I ____ with my flat-mate about who should do the housework. A.discussed B.debated C.argued D.quarreled 2.What we are ____ about is not survival but the quality of life. A.disputing B.deducing C.discussing D.debating 3.They are ____over foreign policy. A.disputing B.discussing C.arguing D.debating 4.They hold a fierce ____ as to whether their company should restore the trade relationship which was broken years ago. A.debate B.clash C.disagreement D.contest 5.What he said just now had little to do with the question under ____. A.debate B.discussion C.dispution D.arguement 6.The case was fully ____ before agreement was reached. A.quarreled B.argued C.debated D.contested 1.I __D__ with my flat-mate about who should do the housework.我和我同住一个单元的人关于谁应做家务吵了一架.(quarrel with sb. about sth.与某人发生口角) A.discussed B.debated C.argued D.quarreled 2.What we are __A__ about is not survival but the quality of life.我们所争论的不是生存问题而是生活质量问题. A.disputing B.deducing C.discussing D.debating 3.They are __C__ over foreign policy.他们正就外交政策进行辩论. (argue with sb. about/over sth.) A.disputing B.discussing C.arguing D.debating 4.They hold a fierce __A__ as to whether their company should restore the trade relationship which was broken years ago.他们就公司是否应当恢复几年前中断了的贸易关系进行了一场激烈的争论. A.debate B.clash C.disagreement D.contest 5.What he said just now had little to do with the question under __B__.他刚才所见讲的与讨论的问题关系不大.(under discussion在讨论中) A.debate B.discussion C.dispution D.arguement 6.The case was fully __B__ before agreement was reached.这案件在达成一致意见前进行了充分争论. A.quarreled B.argued C.debated D.contested ◤词语大辨析◥-§22. arise,arouse,raise,rise四个形近词,你分清了吗? arise vi.突然出现;起床 arouse vt.引起,唤醒,激起 raise vt.举起,提高,较多地被用于具体的场合,如举手,举杯,升旗等;有时也用于提高工资,提高工作效率等rise vi.上升,升高,上涨等,大多用于抽象或比喻的场合,如太阳,蒸汽,产量的上升,有时也用于具体场合,如 人的起立,河水的上涨等 1.The wind is ____. A.rising B.raising C.arousing D.arising 2.Our wages have been ____ recently. A.risen B.raised C.aroused D.arisen 3.A new problem has ____. A.risen B.raised C.aroused D.arisen 4.He ____ her mothering instincts. A.rose B.raised C.aroused D.arose 5.He ____ at 6:30 a.m. as usual. A.rose B.raised C.aroused D.arose 6.The river ____ by two feet after the heavy rains. A.rose B.raised C.aroused D.arose 1.The wind is __A__.起风了. A.rising B.raising C.arousing D.arising 2.Our wages have been __B__ recently.最近我们的工资提高了. A.risen B.raised C.aroused D.arisen 3.A new problem has __D__.出现了一个新问题. A.risen B.raised C.aroused D.arisen 4.He __C__ her mothering instincts.他激起了她的母爱本能. A.rose B.raised C.aroused D.arose 5.He __D__ at 6:30 a.m. as usual.他像平常一样早晨6点半起床. A.rose B.raised C.aroused D.arose 6.The river __A__ by two feet after the heavy rains.暴雨使河水水位升高两英尺. A.rose B.raised C.aroused D.arose ◤词语大辨析◥―§(23) some time,some times,sometime,sometimes,some day,the other day some time n. "相当长的一段时间" adv. "某个时候,某一天"=sometime some times adv."数次" sometime adv. "某个时候,某一天"(可指过去,也可指将来),可用some time代替 sometimes adv."有时,间或"=now and then /from time to time some day "有朝一日,有一天"(只指将来的一天),常与表示将来的时态连用,也可写成someday the other day "那一天,前几天"(只指过去的某一天),仅用于过去时态中 1.____ I'm going to make a journey round the world. A.The other day B.Some times C.Sometimes D.Some day 2.We ____ have letters from her. A.some time B.some times C.sometime D.sometimes 3.I saw her ____ in July. A.some day B.sometime C.some times D.sometimes 4.____ ,as I was walking up to town,I saw a strange man. A.Some day B.Sometime C.The other day D.Some time 5.Marx stayed in A.Some time B.Sometime C.Some times D.Sometimes 6.I met your elder sister in the museum ____. A.someday B.sometimes C.some times D.some time 1.__D__ I'm going to make a journey round the world.有朝一日我要环游世界. A.The other day(只用于过去时) B.Some times C.Sometimes D.Some day(用于将来时) 2.We __D__ have letters from her.我们有时收到她的来信. A.some time B.some times C.sometime D.sometimes 3.I saw her __B__ in July.我在七月的某一天见到过她. A.some day(用于将来时) B.sometime(也可用sometime) C.some times D.sometimes 4.__C__,as I was walking up to town,I saw a strange man.在我走去镇上的那一天,我看见一个奇怪的人. A.Some day(用于将来时) B.Sometime(概念较模糊,不清楚哪天) C.The other day(用于过去时,特指那一天) D.Some time 5.Marx stayed in Belgium for __A__.马克思在比利时待了一段时间. A.Some time B.Sometime C.Some times D.Sometimes 6.I met your elder sister in the museum __C__.我好几次在博物馆碰见你姐姐. A.someday B.sometimes C.some times D.some time ◣词语大辨析◥--§(24) "假的" artificial,fake,false都含有一定"假的"之意. artificial人造的,假的,矫揉造作的,不自然的eg.an artificial lake人工湖; artificial smile做作的微笑/假笑; an artificial earth satellite人造地球卫星 fake adj.假的,伪造的,冒充的n.假货,赝品(the antique is a fake那古董是件赝品) false假的,不真实的,带有欺骗性的假象eg.false goods假冒商品 1.There were some ___ flowers on the table. A.artificial B.false C.unnatural D.unreal 2.Some criminals were ptinting ____ dollar bills until they were arrested. A.decent B.fake C.patent D.suspicious 3.Someone shouted "Fire!" but it was a ____ alarm and there was no danger. A.fake B.false C.unreal D.untrue 4.She was too nervous to make an ____ manner. A.fake B.unreal C.false D.artificial 5.Three plus three is seven.True or ___? A.artificial B.fake C.false D.untrue 6.His friends played him ___. A.artificial B.fake C.false D.untrue 1.There were some __A__ flowers on the table.桌上放着一些假花. A.artificial B.false C.unnatural D.unreal 2.Some criminals were ptinting __B__ dollar bills until they were arrested.有些罪犯在被逮捕前一直印假美钞. A.decent(体面的) B.fake C.patent(专利的) D.suspicious(可疑的) 3.Someone shouted "Fire!" but it was a __B__ alarm and there was no danger.有人喊"失火了",可那只是一场虚惊并无危险.(false alarm 虚假的警报) A.fake B.false C.unreal D.untrue 4.She was too nervous to make an __D__ manner.她太紧张了,做出了不自然的举止. A.fake B.unreal C.false D.artificial 5.Three plus three is seven.True or __C__?三加三等于七.对还是错? A.artificial B.fake C.false D.untrue 6.His friends played him __C__.他的朋友欺骗了他.(play sb. false 对某人不忠实,欺骗某人) A.artificial B.fake C.false D.untrue ◣词语大辨析◢-§25. " 归因于..." ascribe,attribute,contribute,owe ascribe和attribute差别不大,都可以解释为"(中性)把...归因于,(褒义)把...归功于,(贬义)把...归咎于",也可以解释为"把...归属于,认为...归属于...",基本可以互换 contribute (to)有助于,促成... owe (to)把...归功于(褒义) 1.Medical research has shown that the widespread use of cigarettes ____ to the increase of cancers. A.ascribe B.attribute C.contribute D.owe 2.Professor Li ____ his success to his mother. A.owns B.ruins C.owes D.roars 3.We ____ A.subject B.attribute C.owing D.refer 4.The discover of America is usually ____ to
中考英语语法专项复习语法： 名词 语法考点剖析 考点一名词词义辨析 有些名词在不同的语言环境中有不同的词义。词义辨析题旨在考查学生能否通过对上下文的理解，使用合适的词汇，考查形式主要有以下三种： 1．一词多义 一词多义指某个名词具有两种或两种以上的常见意义，在不同的语言环境中有不同的意义。 orange橘子(汁)；橘黄色fish鱼；鱼肉 chicken小鸡；鸡肉paper纸；报纸；试卷 glass玻璃；玻璃杯light电灯；光 2．近义词辨析 近义词指某几个名词在意义上比较相近，但使用范围有差别。英语中的近义词比较多，考试中出现频率较高的近义词有以下几组： home, family, house家 problem, question, trouble问题 clothing, clothes, dress衣服 job, work工作 sound, voice, noise声音 person, people, human人 message, information信息 street, road, way路 travel, trip, journey旅行 competition, game, match比赛 3．语境辨词 语境辨词就是运用我们的生活经验、知识积累，根据上下文推测出空格处所要表达的意思，从而选出正确的词语，如我们渴了就需要水(water)、饮料(tea, coffee, juice等)；饿了就需要食物(bread, rice, meat, cake等)；我们寄信需要去post office；取钱需要去bank。 I'm thirsty, Mom. Could you give me some water to drink？妈妈，我渴了。你可以给我点水喝吗？
公务员考试行测备考指导：言语理解常考词语辨析汇总 【华图教育阅读提示】华图公务员考试研究中心通过对十年来国家公务员录用考试及各省市公务员录用考试行政职业能力测验真题中言语理解与表达真题的研究，归纳总结了言语理解与表达常考100组词语，并对其进行了辨析。本文节选了部分词语及辨析供考生复习参考。 1．安定--安宁--安谧--安静--平静--清静 安定：生活形势等平静正常，稳定。生活安定。 安宁：秩序正常，没有骚扰。边境安宁。 安谧：安宁，安静。主要指环境气氛。 安静：没有声音，安稳平静。 平静：着重指平稳，没有不安与动荡。常形容心情、表情、势态等。 清静：着重指不嘈杂、不杂乱。 2．安顿--安放--安置--安排 安顿：安稳，使人或事物有着落，着重指安排妥当，使有确实的着落。 安放：使物件处于一定的位置，是具体的动作。 安置：使人或事物有着落。着重指使工作、生活等有适当的位置。多是处理人事工作的活动。 安排：着重于分清先后、主次、轻重缓急、有条有理地处理人和事。多指工作上的处理活动。 3．懊悔--懊恼--懊丧--沮丧--颓丧 都是形容词，因未满足心愿而悔恨、烦恼。 懊悔：着重指后悔，是心里恨自己不该做错了事或说错了话。 懊恼：着重指烦恼，心里不痛快，是对别人或自己的言行感到烦恼。 懊丧：形容因做事或环境不利而失意，情绪低落，精神不振。懊丧：着重指烦恼而丧气，心中郁闷。
4．沮丧--颓丧 沮丧：沮，气色败坏。着重指受挫折后灰心失望。 颓丧：颓，委靡不振。着重指情绪低落，意志消沉。 5．傲慢--高傲--骄傲 都是形容词，都有自高自大或自豪自尊之意。 傲慢：着重指态度上轻慢，目中无人。也可用于褒义，表示自尊而不可侮。 高傲：贬义着重指思想情绪上把自己看得过高。用于褒义时表示自豪而又高尚。 骄傲：泛指满足已有的成绩，自以为了不起。用于褒义时多表示自豪。也可以作名词。如：李白、杜甫和他们的诗，是中华民族的骄傲。 6．把持--操纵--控制 都有按自己的意图掌握住、支配。 把持：是贬义词，指公开独占权位。对象常是政权、权力、职位以及地区、单位等。 操纵：中性词。指掌管、使用机器等。引申指用不正当手段暗中支配、控制人或社会性的较重大的事物。 控制：中性词。只指不让任意活动或超出范围。对象常是速度、数字、交通、生产以及思想、感情等。 7．把握--掌握 都是动词。用自己能力，把某种事物抓住、控制住。对象可以是某些具体的或抽象的事物。 把握，对象多是具体事物。有时作“有”的宾语，表示对事情能做得到或做得好的信心、力量或根据，是名词。如：有把握。 掌握：比“把握”多一层意思，即不仅能把握住，而且能充分支配运用并控制。对象多指抽象事物，如政策、命运、方法、知识、技术、专业、语言、情况等。 8．颁布--公布 都是动词。公开发布。对象多是宪法、纲领、法律、法令、条例等。
L12 P362-363 related relevant 1.From the biological point of view, these animals are relevant. They all belong to the cat family. 2.These policies were adopted about 20 years ago. They are no longer to today?s needs. 3.Why do you bring up this problem? It is totally unrelated to what we are talking about here. Possible likely 1.I don?t think it is possible to continue our economic development without serious social reforms. 2.Inflation is quite possible to if big government spending continues. 3.We are all likely to forget things every now and then. to preserve to reserve to conserve 1.I?d like to ------three tables for supper tonight,please. 2.One big problem today is how we can ----our soil and water. 3.He is well -------. Nobody would guess that he is already 89. 4.British people are often described as quite -------, unlike Americans. 5.We must do everything possible to ------ peace in the world. 6.There is now an easy to------fruits and vegetables. 7.His policy is to divide the work among all his subordinates, but -------the right to criticize. 8.We must -------our energy even more since we are not such an oil-rich country. except except for 1.All the countries signed on the agreement ------the US. 2.We all had a wonderful time---- the bad weather. 3.------the flood it was a pretty good year for us last year. 4.I?m quite health --------my hearting problem. 5.We all went to the Great Wall-------Zhou, who was sick in bed. human humane 1.To err is -------. No one is infallible.----history have prove that nobody should be trusted with absolute power. 2.How can you do all these things at the same time. It?s -------impossible. 3.We should treat all life forms -----. https://www.doczj.com/doc/a811920925.html,petition is not bad. But it has to be conducted in a -----way. 5.The greatest --------passion is not sex or power. It is the desire to correct others? mistakes. L11 P332-333 to change to exchange 1.when the game was over, the player-----T-shirt and shook hands. 2.Where can I----money? All I have is a hundred-dollar bill. I don?t have anything smaller.
名词练习 1. There is no ____to the street through that door. A) access B) avenue C) exposure D) edge (have) access to 1. enter 进入2. possess 拥有3.approach 接近 assess 评价评估，evaluate 评价评估，estimate 预计（at a rough estimate粗略估计） asset 资产（fixed asset 固定资产）property 财产 avenue 大路path 小径route 路线shortcut 捷径（cut across 超近道） edge 边缘margin 边毛利，利润verge 边（on the verge of ） exposure 暴露揭露be exposed to 暴露在……之下 2. Good students who need money can usually get money for education. There are special sources of money, special education ______ from their governments, other agencies, and organizations. A) cash B) finances C) funds D) income Cash现金finance 财政金融financial a.财政的funds 基金income 收入revenue 税收 Salary/wage 薪水pension 养老金allowance 津贴补贴tuition 学费fee 费用 Commission 佣金提成kickback 回扣fine 罚款bonus 奖金tip 小费capital 资本首都 3. Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first _________ . A) intention B) attempt C) purpose D) desire Intention 目的意图（intent to do）attempt 尝试 Purpose 目的结果on purpose=deliberately 故意地destination 目的地destiny=fate命运 Desire 渴望希望（desire to do, desire of doing）；Long for sth 渴望得到 4. The teacher wrote his comments in the ________ of the student’s paper. A) margin B) bulletin C) edition D) bargain margin 边毛利，利润bulletin 公告公示edition 版本editor 编辑 bargain v.讨价还价n 物美价廉的商品 5. Because there is great _______ in the quality of diamonds, stones of the same size may not cost the same price. A) similarity B) agreement C) change D) variation similarity n 相似be similar to 和……相似 familiar 熟悉的be familiar with 对……熟悉 agree with同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等 agree to同意或接受某事，尤其指别人提出的某事，有时可能是自己不喜欢的事 agree on主要指双方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议 Variation 差异vary 变化（vary from a to b ） Variety n 多样性a variety of=various 多种多样的各种各样的 6. As a result of their _________the three small independent countries felt less afraid of their powerful neighbor . A) alliance B) combination C) partnership D) union Alliance n 联盟ally v 联盟combination n 组合combine v 组合 independent 独立depend on=-rely on 依靠依赖 the student union 学生会labor union 工会on strike 罢工 7. The basic _______ to a happy family are love, understanding and communication. A) elements B) sections C) contents D) components element 元素section 部分零件contents 目录content 内容 be content with=be satisfied with 对……满意 contest 斗争比赛contact with 接触联系contract 合同sign a contract 签合同 components 组成部分零件opponent 对手oppose vt 反对rival/competitor 对手
高考英语常用同义词辨析汇总 1. a good/great many(of）/a number of/a large quantity of/plenty of/a large amount of/a great deal of 2. a number of/numbers of/the number of. . . 3. abandon/desert
4. abolish/cancel 5. above all/first of all/at first 6. accuse/charge/blame/scold
7. acquire/obtain/gain/win/earn 8. adjust/adapt 9. adopt/adapt 10. agreement/contract/bargain
11. also/too/either/as well/besides/moreover 12. anxious/eager/keen 13. apart from/except/except for/except that/besides
14. argue/debate/discuss/quarrel 15. ashamed/shameful/shame 16. at ease/with ease
17. attempt/try/manage 18. attend/join/join in/take part in/participate in 19. average/common/ordinary/general/usual
词语的辨析和使用 （一）近义词和反义词的认识，同义词和近义词的辨析与运用（词语的意义，试用对象和所指范围词语的感情色彩词语的语体色彩词义的轻重程度） （二）词语的感情色彩 （三）词语的语体色彩 （四）词义的轻重程度 （五）词语的恰当搭配和组合 （一）近义词和反义词 1.近义词的定义：近义词是词汇意义相同或相近的词语。近义词的近义词是：同义词 常见近义词：“美好”和“美妙”、“懒惰”和“怠惰”.“枯萎”与“干枯”“宽敞”与“宽阔”。“ 朴素——简朴尊重——敬重著名——闻名特殊——特别 坚强——顽强担任——担当简单——简洁清楚——清晰 饮——喝与——和憨厚（忠厚、老实）神秘（神奇、奇怪） 保存（储存积存）赞美（赞扬歌颂）透明（透亮晶莹）宛如（犹如好像） 一般（一样普通）映衬（衬托）神往（向往）越发（更加）雄伟（雄壮） 纯净（纯洁）壮丽（壮美）明洁（明净）装点（装饰）嘱咐（叮嘱） 奉献（贡献）回归（回来） 2.反义词的定义：和词语意义相反的是“反义词”。 常见反义词举例：真-假动-静拥护-反对春-秋黑-白高山-平地朴素——奢华特殊——一般激动——平静蔑视——重视传统——现代亲近——疏远紧张——轻松坚强——软弱清楚——模糊炎热——寒冷欢喜——难过宽阔——狭窄避暑——取暖谦虚―骄傲快乐―伤心 宽阔―狭窄强健―软弱清澈―浑浊明白―糊涂茂密―稀疏伸出―缩回成功―失败寒冷―温暖愤怒―高兴灵活―笨拙朋友―敌人温柔―粗暴 理解（误解）强烈（微弱）整体（部分）茁壮（瘦弱）、奉献（索取）得意（失意）吸引（排斥）纯净（污浊）迷惑（清醒）可爱（可憎）生机勃勃（死气沉沉）聚精会神（心不在焉）兴高采烈（无精打采） 在括号里填上加粗词的反义词，将句子补充完整。 （1）懒惰的结果是痛苦，（）的结果是（）。 （2）宁为玉碎，不为瓦（）
附录七常用词语辨析 1．【必须必需】必须：表示事理上和情理上必要；一定要。必需：一定要有；不可少。 例句：①学习必须刻苦钻研。 ②煤铁等是发展工业所必需的原料。 2．【诚恳诚挚】诚恳：侧重表示恳切，多指人的态度。诚挚：侧重表示真挚，多指感情。 例句：①虚伪的迎合是友谊的毒剂，诚恳的批评是友爱的厚礼。 ②会谈和会见是在诚挚友好的气氛中进行的。 3．【颤抖颤动】颤抖：多指因担心、害怕、寒冷或感情激动时肢体的抖动。颤动：多指人或事物在外力的作用下而发生的短暂而频繁的振动。 例句：①那个惊悚的画面让我颤抖不已。 ②当我睁开眼睛时，发现地面在颤动。 4．【振动震动】振动：物体通过一个中心位置，不断做往复运动。摆的运动就是振动。震动：①颤动；使颤动。②（重大的事情、消息等）使人心不平静。 例句：①当你拉小提琴时，琴弦就会振动。 ②春雷震动着山谷。 5．【预订预定】预订：事先订约购买东西（一般要交一定租定金，甚至全额）。预定：指预先决定或制定。例句：①如果你想要一张好位子的话，就得及早预订。 ②此书预定作教科书用。 6．【制订制定】制订：创制拟定。制定：定出（法律、规程、政策等）。 例句：①我想和你仔细商量一下再制订计划。 ②新法律现已制定，不得撤销。 7．【质疑置疑】质疑：提出疑问。置疑：表示怀疑，多用于否定。 例句：①助手质疑我的实验结论。 ②地球绕着太阳转，这是不容置疑的客观规律。 8．【义气意气】义气：指刚正之气。也指为情谊而甘愿替别人承担风险或作自我牺牲的气度。意气：指志向与气概。也指精神、神色、志趣等。 例句：①他太讲义气，损害了原则。 ②处理事情不能意气用事。 9．【本义本意】本义：词语本来的意义。本意：原来的意思或意图。 例句：①这个词不能按本义去理解。 ②他的本意还是好的，只是话说得重了些。 10．【功夫工夫】功夫：①本领；造诣。②指武术。③（做事）所耗费的时间和精力。工夫：①时间（指占用的时间）；②空闲时间；③时候（多用于方言）。 例句：①这个杂技演员真有功夫！ ②今晚我有很多工作要做，没工夫看电视。
2019届高考英语常用词汇辨析 高考英语常用词汇辨析500例a about around round 作副词时都含“四处”、“遍地”的意思。 about 系常用词, 如:look about 四处看。 around 具有 about 的基本意思, 因此 look about=look around, 但在下列短语里 around没有 about正式, 如:travel around 各处旅行 round 和 around在非正式用法中可以互换, 但一般用 round时 更简练。在正式用语中, 一般用 round指“旋转”, 而用 around指“处处”, “到处”, 如:she turned round at such a noise. 听到这样的吵声, 她回头看。i have been looking for it all around. 我到处都找过了。 另外, 英国人用 round的地方, 美国人倾向于用 around, 如:[英] winter comes round.[美] winter comes around. above all；after all；at all above all意为“尤其是”、“首先”、“最重要的是”，常位于句首或句中，作插入语，起强调作用。如： but above all tell me quickly what i have to do．可首先快些告诉我该做什么。 a clock must above all keeps good time．时钟最重要的是必须走得准。 after all意为“毕竟”、“终究”、“终归”、“到底”，在句中位置较灵活。可位于句首、句中或句末。如：after all，your birthday is only two weeks away．毕竟，两周后就是你的生日。 he is，after all，a small child．他毕竟还是个小孩子。 he failed after all．他终于失败了。 at all用于否定句时，意为“丝毫； 根本”，用于疑问句时意为“究竟；到底”，用于条件句时，常译为“当真；实在”。用于肯定句中，表示说话人的某种情绪或情感（如怀疑或惊奇等），意为“竟然”等。如：he doesn’t like you at all．他根本不喜欢你。 are you going to do it at all？你究竟做不做这件事？ if you do it at all，do it well．若你真要做这件事，就得做好。 i was surprised at his coming at all．他竟然来了，我很惊讶。 add; add to; add…to; add up to add作“加，增加”解时，既可作及物动词，又可用作不及物动词；作“又说，补充说”解时，与直接或间接引语连用。如： if the tea is too strong, add some more hot water．如果茶太浓了，再加点开水。 after a short while, he
名词的词义辨析 1、（2016?黑龙江）The Belt and Road Initiative （一带一路倡议）will help China improve with those related countries，especially Pakistan．（） A．relationship B．agreement C．environment 【考点】名词的词义辨析． 【分析】一带一路倡议将帮助中国改善与那些（沿线）相关国家的关系，尤其是巴基斯坦． 【解答】答案：A；relationship关系；联系；agreement协定，协议；environment环境， 外界；根据常识，一带一路倡议将会加强与沿线国家的关系；故根据句中信息The Belt and Road Initiative （一带一路倡议） will help China improve…with those related countries，especially Pakistan，推测该句句意：带一路倡议将帮助中国改善与那些（沿 线）相关的国家的关系，尤其是巴基斯坦．故选A． 2、（2016?齐齐哈尔）-Can you tell me the of the novel？ -Yes，of course， is Mo Yan．（） A．name，He B．writer，It C．name，It 【考点】名词的词义辨析；人称代词． 【分析】-你能告诉我这部小说的作者吗？ -是的，当然可以，它是莫言． 【解答】答案：B；根据答语Yes，of course，…is Mo Yan；推测上句句意：你能告诉我 这部小说的作者吗？答语中的it指代小说的作者"writer of the novel"故选B． 3、（2016?连云港）-It's useful for the deaf people to learn sign language． -Yes，it's a major way of _____ for them．（） A．suggestion B．vacation C．production D．communication 【考点】名词的词义辨析． 【分析】-聋人学习手语是很有用的． -是的，这是他们交流的一种主要方式． 【解答】答案：D；suggestion建议；vacation假期；production产品；communication 交流；根据上句It's useful for the deaf people to learn sign language．推测下句 句意：这是他们交流的一种主要方式；故选D． 4、（2016?宜昌）---The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou won the 2015Nobel Prize． ---Her has saved millions of lives across the world．（） A．victory B．story C．discovery D．industry 【考点】名词的词义辨析． 【分析】--中国科学家屠呦呦获得了2015年诺贝尔奖． --她的发现挽救了世界上数以百万人的生命． 【解答】答案：C． 首先明确选项中名词的意思，A：胜利；B：故事；C：发现；D：工业；联系她发现了青蒿 素，根据语境和设空处后面的saved推测后面一句话的句意是"她的发现挽救了世界上数以 百万人的生命．"，由此判断句子中缺少"发现"一词，故答案为C． 5、（2016?咸宁）--Tu Youyou recerved the Nobel Prize for her________of anemisinin （青蒿素）． --And she was the first Chinese who won the prize in science．（）
英语中一些常见词语的辨析 alone为形容词，意为“单独的”，只作表语，不能作定语。侧重说明独自一人，没有助手或同伴，没有感***彩的只表示客观的状态。lonely意为“孤独的”，表示主观上感到孤独、寂寞，有较浓的感***彩，指因缺少朋友、同情、友谊等产生的一种悲伤和忧郁的感情。它为形容词，在句中作表语或定语。作定语时，意为“荒凉；偏僻”，多修饰表示地点的名词。alone还可以作副词。 alone 副词adv. 单独；独自 She went home alone. 她独自回家去了。 After his wife died, he lived alone. 他的妻子死后，他一个人生活。 real既是形容词又是副词，其意为"真的，真实的"，在作副词时与true在意义上的主要区别是：real指人的感官觉得某物像"真的"，多指真实存在的，而不是想象出来的。如：
Was it real or was it a dream? 这是真的还是个梦？ true既是形容词也是副词，意思是"真实的，真正的"，其意义与real的区别是：true的"真实"是建立在已知的事实基础上，指与实际相符，不是"发明"或"编造"出来的。如：This is a true story. 这是一个真实的故事。 Is the news true? 这消息是真的吗？ a movie based on a true story 一个以真实故事为背景的影片 true与real在某些情况下也可以通用，如在表示一件事情的实际情况与真实情况不符时，true与real都可以用。如：Tell me the real/true reason why he resigned. 告诉我他辞职的真实原因。 He seems quiet but reveals his true/real character on the football field. 他看起来很安静但是在足球场上却展现了他真实的一面。 另外，在说到某事物时举例说他/它有其应有的"重要"性质时，二者均可使用。如： She was his first real/true girlfriend. 她是他的第一个真正的女朋友。 This job will be a true/real test of the new system. 这项工作将会是对这个新系统的一次真实的检验。 real表示客观存在
A. some time, some times, sometime, sometimes 1. ____________ I go to school on foot. 2. We’ll meet again _____________ next week. 3. Lenin stayed in London for ______________. 4. David has been to the museum _____________. 5. We visited the small town _____________ last year and stayed there for ___________. B. little, a little, few, a few 1. Say, what’s the name of that ___________ red flower? 2. I didn’t have a good time at the party; for I knew __________ of them. 3. She was very hungry. She had eaten ____________ or not bread. 4. Won’t you come in and have _____________ coke? 5. During his stay in Paris, he made quite ___________ friends. 6. I’m glad that I can speak ____________ English. 7. I happened to know lots of ways and I told them _____________. 8. Is there any? Yes, there is ___________. 9. This maths problem is very difficult; only ___________ understand it. 10. I’m sorry I did ____________ for you. 11. In fact, she is ____________ taller than her elder sister. 12. I have very ____________ coins about me. 13. Alice has an apple in her hand and she wants ____________ more. 14. Mary has ___________ friends except you. 15. The assistant slept too _____________. He fell ill. C. talk, speak, tell, say 1. How many languages does the old man _____________? 2. Bob is a Nethead; he often ____________ about his net surfing for hours. 3. I’m sorry. I can’t _____________ where she lives, either. 4. Have you done it? _____________ me the truth. 5. What did you _____________ him to ___________at the party? 6. Please _____________ me the address of your school. 7. The radio _____________ that there might be a storm in two or three days. 8. Jane ______________ a little louder so that everybody in the meeting room could hear her. 9. He _____________ me not to use his Discman. 10. She didn’t know how to ________________ good morning in French. 11. What did Mrs. Winter ______________ about Hob’s school work? 12. The baby is too young to _____________. 13. ______________ it in French, will you? 14. It is ______________ that Miss Thompson married a man of forty last year. 15. We have been _______________ that Mr. Green will teach us for two years. D. look (at), see, watch, read 1. Just _____________ straight ahead and you’ll _____________ a huge bridge. 2. The detective ______________ a well-dressed lady often appear at noon in the supermarket. 3. He wanted very much to ______________ her his story. 4. The chemistry teacher was filling a cup with something like water and said to us, “ ____________ me!”
常见基础动词词义辨析 动词是是各类考试的重点，高考试题中，完形填空、语法填空和写作等三项题型中，动词辨义的比重较大，并逐年增加。动词辨义主要指： 1、形状相同的动词之间辨义。如：lie, lay; hanged, hung; rise, raise; sit, seat等。 2、意义相近的动词之间辨义。如：borrow, lend; speak, say, talk; hope, wish等。 3、动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。如：advise, advice; cost, worth; pass, past 等。 4、意义不同，但容易混淆的动词的辨义。如：explain, say; discover, invent, uncover; find, find out等。 5、某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义。如：ask, give, call, make, find, get, keep, want, see, hear等。 6、某些常用动词短语的辨义。如：give in, give up, turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up，turn out, result in, result from等。 （一）易混动词 1、lay（放）, lie（躺）与lie（说谎）：这三个易混动词构成见下表： 中文原形过去式过去分词现在分词说明 放 lay laid laid laying 及物动词 躺 lie lay lain lying 不及物动词 说谎 lie lied lied lying 不及物动词 2、rise和raise：rise是不及物动词，其过去式是rose，过去分词是risen，而raise是及物动词，是规则动词。 3、hear与listen to：hear侧重点是听到，听见什么，而listen to是侧重于听的倾向，但hear用于无意中的听见，而listen to却用于集中注意力的听。
高考英语名词词义辨析 1．形似词的词义辨析 (1)symptom症状 similarity 类似，相似 sample 样本，标本 shadow 影子 (2012·湖北高考) It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any symptom. 定期检查你的眼睛对核查是否有眼部疾病的迹象很重要，这些眼部疾病可能没有任何症状。 (2)pattern模式，模板 procedure 程序，手续，步骤 program 节目 perspective 态度，观点 (2012·湖北高考) The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct procedure in applying for a visa. 那位官员坚持认为迈克尔在申请签证时没有遵循正确的程序。 2．相似词缀的名词辨析 expression表达，表示，表情 attention 注意，留心 satisfaction 满意，满足 impression 印象 (2012·山东高考) My first impression of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. 我对他的第一印象是他是一个善良且有思想的年轻人。 3.意义相近词的辨析 (1)strength 长处 talent 才华，天赋 ability 能力 skill 技能 (2012·福建高考) Well, you know, English is my strength. So it is my best choice. 噢，你知道，英语是我的强项。因此这是我最好的选择。 (2)anger 生气，愤怒 rudeness 粗鲁
初中英语常用词语辨析 －从A ...................................................... ....... 1.at the moment\in a moment\for a moment\ at the moment=right now"此时此刻",用于现在时。 in a moment = very soon “很快，立即”,一般用于将来时的句子。 for a moment “此刻，一会儿”表示时间的延续。 [例] He is out at the moment.此刻他不在家。 I will come back in a moment.我一会儿就回来。 Hold on for a moment.请稍候。...................................................... ....... 2．a few/ few (1)a few, few 用来修饰可数名词。 (2)a few “有一些”，表示肯定概念，few 几乎没有，表示否定意义。 [例] The man has been here for many years, so he has a few friends. 这个人在这里住了很多年了，他有一些朋友。 I am a new comer here, so I have few friends here. 我刚来到这里，所以我在这里没有几个朋友。...................................................... ....... 3．a little/ little (1) a little, little 用于修饰不可数名词。 (2) a little “有一些”，表示肯定概念。 little “几乎没有”，表示否定概念。 [例] There is a little water in the glass.杯子里有一些水。 There is little water in the glass, so you can’t drink any. 杯子里几乎没有水了，你不可能喝到水了。...................................................... ....... 4．across / through 二者都有“通过，穿过”的意思，都是介词，但“through“与空间有关， 即一个人或物体从某空间之间穿过，如： Look out through the window, please.请从窗口往外看。 We have to walk through the gate to go into the factory. 我们要走进这家工厂必须走过这一扇大门。 across也是“通过”、“跨过”，一般与位移的平面有关， 即从一个平面的一头走到或越到另一头。如： If you walk across the square, you will see the hotel there. 如果你走到广场的另一端，你就看到旅馆了。Be careful when you walk across the street.过马路时要小心。 注意：cross是及物动词而across是介词。 ago / before ago 只用于一般过去时，表示从现在算起的一段时间以前。[例]He died two years ago.他是两年前去世的。 before 后接“时间点”，可用于任何时态；它也可放在“时间段”后， 用于完成时或一般过去时。 [例]I got there before 5 o’clock.我五点钟前到达那里。 I never saw him before.我以前没见过他。 He had done it two days before.他两天前就做过此事。...................................................... ....... 6. already / yet/still (1) already 意为“已经”，常用于肯定句，与完成时和进行时连用为多。 用于疑问句时表示问话人持怀疑、惊异的态度。如： Is it Sunday already? 已经到星期天啦？ I have already finished it.我已经做完了。 （2）yet 通常用于疑问句和否定句，在疑问句中作“已经”解，在否定句中作“还”、“尚未”解。如： I haven’t learned it yet.我还不知此事。 Has he come yet? 他还没有来？（表疑问）...................................................... ....... 7．arrive / reach/ get (1) arrive vi. arrive + in + 大地方（国家、城市等） arrive + at + 小地方（村庄、车站、码头等） He arrived in Nanning last week. 他上星期来到南宁。(2) get vi.\get to + 名词 When did you get to the station yesterday? 你昨天什么时候到达火车站？ reach vt.\reach + 名词 Please write to me when you reach Beijing.你到北京后请给我写信。 当reach、arrive、get后接地点副词here、there、home时,不能后接任何介词。如： I got/ arrive/ reached home late yesterday.我昨天很晚才到家。...................................................... ....... 8. agree with/ agree on/ agree to (1)agree with(sb.)表示“与……意见一致”。 I don’t agree with you. 我不同意你的意见。 (2)agree to(sth.)宾语一般为suggestion、plan等,“同意计划、安排”。