2019高考英语现在完成时被动语态练习(含解析)
- 格式:docx
- 大小:32.30 KB
- 文档页数:2
(完整版)现在完成时被动语态详解与练习附习题现在完成时被动语态详解与练习附习题现在完成时被动语态讲与练一、现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态是高中语法时态和语态中的重要组成部分,也是高考经常考查的一项内容。
请先看下面几道高考题:1. I can’t see any coffee in this cupboard. (北京2005春)A. Has it all been finishedB. Was it all finishedC. Has it all finishedD. Did it all finish2. Millions of pounds’ worth of damage by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.(重庆 2005)A. has been causedB. had been causedC. will be causedD. will have been caused3. More patients in hospital this year than last year. (江苏 2004)A. treatedB. have treatedC. had been treatedD. have been treated4. —The window is dirty.—I know. It for weeks.(2004全国卷Ⅲ)A. hasn’t cleanedB. didn’t cleanC. wasn’t cleanedD. hasn’t been cleaned这几道高考题考查的都是现在完成时的被动语态,下面我们谈谈它的用法。
1) 主动语态即主语为动作的执行者;被动语态即主语为动作的承受者。
现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样,强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,但主语为动作的承受者,表示“……已经被……”。
高中英语被动语态总结一、被动语态的构成形式1.被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式.被动语态由be+过去分词构成, be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例, 各种时态的被动语态形式为:1.am/is/ar.+don.(过去分词.一般现在时. 2.ha./hav.bee.don.现在完成时3.am/i./ar.bein.don.现在进行时4.was/wer.don.一般过去时5.ha.bee.don.过去完成时6.was/wer.bein.don.过去进行时7.shall/wil.b.don.一般将来时8.should/woul.b.don.过去将来时9.shall/wil.hav.bee.don.将来完成时(少用)10.should/woul.hav.bee.don.过去将来完成时(少用)2.被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为: 情态动词+be+过去分词。
例Th.bab.shoul.b.take.goo.car.o.b.th.baby-sitter.2.有些动词可以有两个宾语, 在用于被动结构时, 可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语, 另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。
通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例Hi.mothe.gav.hi..presen.fo.hi.birthday.可改.H.wa.give..presen.b.hi.mothe.fo.hi.birthday.3.当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时, 将宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 其余不动。
例Someon.caugh.th.bo.smokin..cigarette.可改为Th.bo.wa.caugh.smokin..cigarette.4)在使役动词have.make.get以及感官动词see.watch.notice.hear.feel.observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时, 在主动结构中不定式to要省略, 但变为被动结构时, 要加to。
高中英语被动语态形式练习题30题答案解析版1. A lot of trees ______ (plant) in our city every year.A. are plantedB. is plantedC. were plantedD. have been planted答案:A解析:句子的主语是“a lot of trees”,是复数形式。
这里表达的是每年在我们城市很多树被种植,是一般现在时的被动语态。
一般现在时的被动语态结构是“am/is/are+过去分词”,主语是复数,所以用are,plant的过去分词是planted,所以选A。
从主动语态转换来看,主动句应该是People plant a lot of trees in our city every year。
2. English ______ (speak) all over the world.A. is spokenB. are spokenC. was spokenD. has been spoken答案:A解析:主语“English”是不可数名词,当作单数看待。
句子描述的是英语在全世界被说,是一般现在时的情况。
一般现在时的被动语态结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”,这里用is,speak的过去分词是spoken,所以选A。
主动语态是People speak English all over the world。
3. This kind of bike ______ (make) in Tianjin.A. is madeB. are madeC. was madeD. makes答案:A解析:“this kind of bike”这种类型的自行车,虽然bike是可数名词,但这里强调的是这种类型,当作单数。
句子说这种自行车在天津被制造,是一般现在时的被动语态。
结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”,这里用is,make的过去分词是made,所以选A。
高中英语被动语态形式练习题30题(带答案)1. The ancient city walls ______ (restore) by the local government in recent years.A. have been restoredB. has been restoredC. are restoredD. were restored答案:A。
解析:句中有“in recent years”这个时间状语,表明是从过去持续到现在的动作,要用现在完成时。
主语“the ancient city walls”是复数,所以要用have。
这里是古城墙被当地政府修复,是被动语态,现在完成时的被动语态结构是“have/has been + 过去分词”,所以选A。
2. This new type of smartphone ______ (produce) in large quantities every month.A. are producedB. is producedC. were producedD. have been produced答案:B。
解析:句子描述的是这种新型智能手机每个月被大量生产的情况。
“every month”表示经常发生的动作,要用一般现在时。
主语“this new type of smartphone”是单数,所以be动词用is,被动语态结构为“be+过去分词”,所以选B。
3. The traditional Chinese painting ______ (show) in the art gallerynext week.A. will be shownB. is shownC. was shownD. has been shown答案:A。
解析:句中的“next week”表明是将来的动作,绘画被展示,要用被动语态,一般将来时的被动语态结构是“will be+过去分词”,所以选A。
高三英语被动语态练习题20题含答案解析1.The bridge ______ last year.A.was builtB.is builtC.buildsD.built答案解析:A。
本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。
last year 表明是过去的时间,所以要用一般过去时。
选项A“was built”是一般过去时的被动语态,符合题意;选项B“is built”是一般现在时的被动语态;选项C“builds”是主动语态的一般现在时;选项D“built”是主动语态的一般过去时。
2.The book ______ by many people.A.is readB.readsC.will be readD.has been read答案解析:A。
本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。
表示现在的状态,书被很多人读。
选项A“is read”是一般现在时的被动语态;选项B“reads”是主动语态的一般现在时;选项C“will be read”是一般将来时的被动语态;选项D“has been read”是现在完成时的被动语态。
3.The room ______ every day.A.is cleanedB.cleansC.was cleanedD.cleaned答案解析:A。
本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。
every day 表明是每天的状态,房间每天被打扫。
选项A“is cleaned”是一般现在时的被动语态;选项B“cleans”是主动语态的一般现在时;选项C“was cleaned”是一般过去时的被动语态;选项D“cleaned”是主动语态的一般过去时。
4.The letter ______ yesterday.A.was sentB.is sentC.sentD.sends答案解析:A。
本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。
yesterday 表明是过去的时间,信昨天被寄出。
选项A“was sent”是一般过去时的被动语态;选项B“is sent”是一般现在时的被动语态;选项C“sent”是主动语态的一般过去时;选项D“sends”是主动语态的一般现在时。
高考英语被动语态练习题30题(答案解析)1.The book is written by a famous author.A.was writtenB.is writtenC.will be writtenD.has been written答案解析:B。
题干是一般现在时的被动语态,A 选项是一般过去时的被动语态,不符合题干时态;C 选项是一般将来时的被动语态,也不符合;D 选项是现在完成时的被动语态,同样不符合。
只有 B 选项是一般现在时的被动语态,与题干一致。
2.The letter was sent by Tom yesterday.A.is sentB.was sentC.will be sentD.has been sent答案解析:B。
题干是一般过去时的被动语态,A 选项是一般现在时的被动语态,不符合;C 选项是一般将来时的被动语态,不符合;D 选项是现在完成时的被动语态,不符合。
只有B 选项是一般过去时的被动语态,与题干一致。
3.The house is cleaned by the maid every day.A.was cleanedB.is cleanedC.will be cleanedD.has been cleaned答案解析:B。
题干是一般现在时的被动语态,A 选项是一般过去时的被动语态,不符合;C 选项是一般将来时的被动语态,不符合;D 选项是现在完成时的被动语态,不符合。
只有B 选项是一般现在时的被动语态,与题干一致。
4.The cake was made by my mother for my birthday.A.is madeB.was madeC.will be madeD.has been made答案解析:B。
题干是一般过去时的被动语态,A 选项是一般现在时的被动语态,不符合;C 选项是一般将来时的被动语态,不符合;D 选项是现在完成时的被动语态,不符合。
人教版高三英语被动语态练习题20题含答案解析1.The new movie is highly anticipated and it is said to be released next month. The movie _____ by a famous director.A.is directedB.was directedC.has been directedD.will be directed答案解析:A。
本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。
题干中it is said to be released next month 表明现在的情况,电影是被导演拍摄,用被动语态be+过去分词,一般现在时用is directed。
B 选项was directed 是一般过去时;C 选项has been directed 是现在完成时;D 选项will be directed 是一般将来时,均不符合题意。
2.The latest scientific discovery _____ widely reported by the media.A.isB.wasC.has beenD.will be答案解析:A。
本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。
题干中latest scientific discovery 是被媒体报道,用被动语态,且“广泛报道”是现在的状态,一般现在时用is+过去分词。
B 选项was 是一般过去时;C 选项has been 是现在完成时;D 选项will be 是一般将来时,均不符合题意。
3.The famous novel _____ read by millions of people around the world.A.isB.wasC.has beenD.will be答案解析:A。
本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。
“被全世界数百万人阅读”是现在的状态,小说是被读,用被动语态be+过去分词,一般现在时用is。
考点14 动词的被动语态高考频度:★★★★★【命题解读】动词的语态是历年高考的重点,也是高考的必考点。
高考主要以语法填空、短文改错等形式对被动语态这一考点进行考查,动词的语态在语法填空和短文改错中是必考点。
【命题预测】预计2019年高考语态仍将是高考考查的重点和难点所在,考查形式仍以语法填空和短文改错题型为主,很可能会与动词的时态及其他的语法点结合起来进行考查。
【复习建议】1. 掌握被动语态的基本时态变化;2. 掌握被动语态的特殊结构形式;3. 掌握不能用被动语态的几种情况;4. 掌握主动形式表示被动意义的情况。
知识网络序号常用被动语态构成序号常用被动语态构成1 一般现在时am/is/are asked 6 过去进行时was/were being asked2 一般过去时was/were asked 7 现在完成时have/has been asked3 一般将来时shall/will beasked8 过去完成时had been asked4 过去将来时should/would beasked 9 将来完成时will/would have beenasked5 现在进行时am/is/are beingasked10 含有情态动词的can/must/may be asked 注意事项被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后加not,短语动词的被动态不可漏掉其中介副词。
固定结构be going to, used to, have to, had better变为被动态时,只需将其后的动词变为被动态。
如:Trees should not be planted in summer. 夏天不应该种树。
The boy was made fun of by his classmates. 这个男孩被他的同学取笑。
Newspapers used to be sent here by the little girl. 报纸过去常被小女孩送到这里。
r 现在完成时被动语态专项练习
李仕才 1. No permission has
for anybody to enter the building.
A. been given
B. given
C. to give
D. be giving 2. Until now, his homework has not
finished.
A. being
B. be
C. been
D. to be
3. The window .You need not wash it again. A. is washed C. has been washed B. was washed
D. will be washed
4. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ________ yet. A. are not decided C. is not being decided B. have not been decided
D. has not been decided
5. This is Ted’s phone. We miss him a lot. He ___ trying to save a childin the earthquake.
A. killed
B. is killed
C. was killed
D. was killing
6. The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets ___.
A. was booked C. were booked
B. had been booked
D. have been booked
7. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help ___ into buying something they don’t really need.
A. to persuaded
B. persuading
C. being persuaded
D. be persuaded
8. A new building ______ at the other side of the street. Work started last yea and the building is ex pected to open next year. A. is built B. is being built C. has built D. will be built
9. It is well-known to us that a lot of rivers ______ by the factories. A. are polluting C. are being polluting
B. have been polluti ng D. are being polluted 10. —Have you moved into the new house? —Not yet. The rooms ______. A. are being painted
C. are painted B. are painting
D. are being painting
二、下列各句均有一处错误,请找出并改正过来。
1. I have a lot of homework to be done tonight.
2. Is your history teacher listened carefully in class?
3. Lei Feng’s name remembered by all Chinese people.
4. The music is sounded beautiful.
5. By who was this new educational CD-R OM designed?
,
”
轻松掌握现在完成时被动语态专项练习
参考答案
一、选择正确答案。
1. A 解析:分析语境可知,该空表示被给,应用被动语态,has 后面应该接 been done 。
2. C 解析:语境逻辑制约家庭作业是被完成的,因此该空应该用被动语态,has 后面应 使用 been done 的形式。
点评:现在完成时被动语态结构为 has / have been done ,使用 has been done 时主语为单数,使用 have been done 时主语为复数。
解题时应首先分析语境逻辑 确定现在完成时 被动语态,然后对照其结构公式确定答案。
3. C 解析:该句强调窗户已被清洗。
4. D 解析:decide 是及物动词,动作的发出者通常是人,句中的主语是动作的承受者, 所以 decide 要用被动语态。
从题干的语境和关键词 y et ,可判断用现在完成时,不定式作主 语用单数,故用现在完成时的被动语态。
5. C 解析:Ted 是 kill 的承受者,用被动语态,且 Ted 救人发生在过去,所以用一般过 去时的被动语态。
6. B 解析:句中 tickets 是 book(订票)的承受者,主谓为被动关系,又因票已被订出应 发生在 entered the office 这个过去动作之前,所以要用过去完成时的被动语态。
7. C 解析: can’t help doing“禁不住做某事” 排除 A 和 D ;顾客应是“被劝说”购 物的,要用动名词的被动语态。
8. B 解析:题干的后半部分告诉我们:“去年开工,预计明年竣工。
”由此可知,大楼正 在建设中,所以选项 A 、C 、D 时态均不对。
正确答案应该是 B 。
9. D 解析 :题干的意 思是:“众所周知,许多河流正在被工厂污染。
说明了目前河流正
在被污染的严重状况。
A 、B 两项语态不对;C 项结构错误,正确答案是 D 。
10. A 解析:通过题干情景,我们不难看出 ,由于正在粉刷,因此还不能搬进新房子。
分析选项,B 项语态不对;C 项时态不对 ;D 项结构错误,所以正确答案应该是 A 。
二、下列各句均有一处错误,请找出并改正过来。
1. be done 改为 do
2. listened 改为 listened to
3. remembered 改为 was remembered
4. is sounded 改为 sounds
5. By who 改为 By whom。