英美文学题库英美文学期末复习题

格式：doc
大小：41.50 KB
文档页数：3

下载文档原格式

英美文学考试复习选择题

一．盎格鲁-撒克逊时期1. The most important work of _a _is The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles, which is regarded as the best monument of the English prose.a. Alfred the Greatb. Caedmonc. Cynewulfd. Venerable Bede2. Who is the monster half-human who had mingled thirty warriors in The Song of Beowulf ？_c_a. Hrothgatb. Heorotc. Grendeld. Beowulf3. _b_ is the first important religious poet in English literature.a. Cynewulfb. Caedmonc. Shakespeared. Adam Bede4. The epic, The Song of Beowulf, represents the spirit of _d__.a. monksb. romanticistsc. sentimentalistsd. Pagan（异教徒）5. When we speak of the old English prose, the first name that comes into our minds is_ d_, who is the first scholar in English literature and has been regarded as father of English learning.a. William Shakespeareb. Beowulfc. Julius Caesard. Venerable Bede6. _a_ is not only a prose writer but also a king of Wessex.a. Alfred the Greatb. venerable Bedec. Adam Beded. King Arthur7. Prose literature did not show its appearance until the _c_ century.a. 6thb. 7thc. 8thd. 10th8. The Anglo-Saxons were Christianized in the _c_ century.a. 5thb. 6thc. 7thd. 8th9. Beowulf describes the exploits of a _d_hero, Beowulf, in fighting against the monster Grendel, his revengeful mother, and a fire-breathing dragon.a. Danishb. Scandinavianc. Englishd. Norwegian10. The Roman occupation lasted for about 400 years in Britain, and in _d_, all the Roman troops went back to the continent and never returned.a. 55 B.C.b. 78 A.D.c. 400 A.D.d. 410 A.D.11. English literature began with the _a_settlement in English. Of old English literature, Beowulf, the national epic of the English people, is an example of the mingling of nature myths and heroic legends.a. Anglo-Saxonb. Romanc. Normand. Britain二．盎格鲁-诺曼时期1. In 1066, _a_, with his Norman army, succeeded in invading and defeating English.a. William the Conquerorb. Julius Caesarc. Alfred the Greatd. Claudius2. In the 14th century, the most important writer is _d_a. Langlandb. Wycliffec. Gowerd. Chaucer3. The prevailing from of Medieval English literature is the _c_.a. novelb. dramac. romance a. essay4. The story of _a_ is the culmination of the Arthurian romances.a. Sir Gawain and the Green Knightsb. The story of Beowulfc. Piers the plowmand. The Canterbury5. William Langland’s _b_ is written in the form of a dream vision.a. Kubla Khanb. Piers the Plowmanc. The Dream of John Bulld. Morted’ Arthur6. After the Norman Conquest, three languages existed in English at that time. The Normans spoke _a_.a. Frenchb. Englishc. Latind. Swedish7._c_ was the greatest of English religious reformers and the first translator of the Bible.a. Langlandb. Gowerc. Wycliffed. Chaucer8. Piers the Plowman describes a serous of wonderful dreams the author dreamed, through which, we can see a picture of the life in the _b_ English.a. primitiveb. feudalc. bourgeoisd. modern9. The theme of _a_ to king and lord was repeatedly emphasized in romances.a. loyaltyb. revoltc. obedienced. mockery10. The most famous cycle of English ballads centers on the stories about a legendary outlaw called _b_.a. Morte d’ Aryhurb. Robin Hoodc. The Canterbury Talesd. Piers the Plowman三．乔叟时期1. Who is the “father of English poetry” and one of the greatest narrative poets of England? _b_a. Christopher Marlowb. Geoffrey Chaucerc. W. Shakespeared. Alfred the Great2. When he died, Chaucer was buried in a the Poet’s Co rner.a. Westminster Abbeyb. Normandyc. Canterburyd. Southwark3. Chaucer’s earliest work of any length is his “ c ” a translation of the French “ Roman de la Rose ” by Gaillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meung, which was a love allegory enjoying widespread popularity in the 13th and 14th centuries not only in France but throughout Europe.a. Troilus and Criseydeb. A Red, Red Rosec. Romance of the Rosed. Piers the Plowman4. Chaucer composes a long narrative poem named “ b ” based on Boccaccio’s poem “ Filotrato”.a. The Legend of Good Womenb. Troilus and CirseydeSir Gawain and the Green Knight d. Beowulf5. In his literary development, Chaucer was influenced by three literatures, Which one is not true? _d_French literature b. Italian literaturec. English literatured. German literature6. _a_creative work vividly reflected the changes which had taken root in English culture of the second half of the 14th century.a. Chaucer’sb. Byron’sc. Shelley’sd. Eliot’s四．文艺复兴时期1. The cradle of Renaissance is_ D_.A. GermanyB. EnglandC. AmericaD. Italy2. English Renaissance Period was not an age of prose, but Thomas More wrote hisfamous prose work_ A_.A. UtopiaB. Song and SonnetsC. Of StudiesD. The Shepherd’s Calendar3. The real mainstream of the English Renaissance is _A_A. the Elizabethan dramaB. the Elizabethan proseC. ancient poemD. romantic novel4. Which of the following doesn’t belong to one of the University Wits? _D_John Lyly B. Christopher Marlowe C. Robert Green D. John Milton5. Chrispopher Marlowe’s second achievement is his creation of __B__for the English drama.A. the Byronic heroB. the Renaissance heroC. the Realistic heroD. the Romantic hero6. ___B__ is the essence of the Renaissance.Reformation B. Humanism C. Chivalry D. Heroism7. The following are the main qualities of Spe nser’s poetry except __D__.A. Perfect melodyB. rare sense of beautyC. dedicated idealismD. bitter irony1. The most important and popular comedy written by Shakespeare is __C_.A. Romeo and JulietB. Twelfth NightC. The Merchant of VeniceD. As You Like It2. Which writing is a typical example of Shakespeare's pessimistic view towards human life and society in his late years? AA. TempestB. King LearC. HamletD. Othello3. Which one IS NOT one of Shakespeare's four tragedies? AA. Romeo and JulietB. King LearC. HamletD. Othello4. ___B__, the first of the great tragedies, is generally regarded as Shakespeare's most popular play on the stage.A. The Merchant of VeniceB. HamletC. King LearD. Julius Caesar5. Shakespeare has established his giant position in world literature with his __D__ plays.A. 47B. 27C. 52D. 376. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18? CA. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D. The speaker meditated on man’s salvation17世纪王政复辟时期1. John Donne is the leading figure of __D___.A. Lake poetsB. Graveyard SchoolC. Satanic poetsD. Metaphysical School2. Which of the following is not true of John Donne? BA. John Donne is the leading figure of the “Metaphysical School ”.B. The most striking feature of Donne’s poetry is precisely its tang of romance.C. Donne is best known by the Song and Sonnets.D. Donne’s great prose works are his sermons.3. _B_ holds that the nature of love is the union of soul and body.A. John BunyanB. John DonneC. Samule JohnsonD. Daniel Defoe1. The chief force that motivated John Bunyan to write The Pilgrim’s Progress was his ___B___.A. police commitmentB. religious fervencyC. artistic pursuitD. long suffering in the prison2. As a result of the conscientious study he made of the Bible, Bunyan’s language was ____B__.A. satiric, concise and well-balancedB. concrete, living and colloquialC. general, Latinate and polysyllabicD. comic, neat and decent3. The following comments on John Bunyan are wrong except __A___.A. He was a stout Puritan.B. Bunyan’s works belong to Gothic novels.C. Bunyan’s style is different from that of the English Bible.D. A Modest Proposal in his masterpiece.1. Here is a sentence from an essay, “Read not to contradict and confuse, nor to believe and take for granted, nor to find talk and discourse, but to weigh and consider”. The essay must be ___A___.A. Of studies by Francis BaconB. The Advancement of Learning by Francis BaconC. Novum Organum by Francis BaconD. Essays by Francis Bacon2. __D__ is a great tract on education written by Bacon.A. Novum OrganumB. The New AtlantisC. EssaysD. The Advancement of Learning3. _A___ lays the foundation for modern science with his insistence on scientific way of thinking and fresh observation rather than authority as a basis for obtaining knowledge.A. Francis BaconB. Thomas HardyC. Charles DickensD. William Blake18世纪浪漫主义时期1. In the field of literature, the Enlightenment Movement brought about a revival of interest in the old classical works. This tendency is known as __B__.A. ClassicismB. Neoclassicism.C. RomanticismD. Pre-Romanticism2. The __D___ century England is known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason.A. fifteenB. sixteenC. seventeenD. eighteen3. Which of the following cannot correctly describe Enlightenment Movement? DA. Enlightenment Movement flourished in France.B. Enlightenment Movement was a furtherance of the Renaissance.C. The purpose of the movement was to enlighten the whole world.D. It advocated individual education.4. The modern English novel came into being in __D__.A. The middle of the 17th centuryB. the 17th centuryC. The late 18th centuryD. the middle of the 18th century5. The enlighteners claim that __A__ should be the only, and the final cause of any human thought and activities.A. reasonB. equalityC. scienceD. fraternity6. As the representative of the Enlightenment, Pope was one of the first to introduce _A__ to England.A. rationalismB. criticismC. romanticismD. realism7. The Dunciad is generally considered to be Pope’s best _B__ work.A. praisingB. satiricC. fabulousD. allegorical8. Alexander Pope strongly advocated _B__, emphasizing that literary works should be judged by classical rules of order, reason, logic, restrained emotion, good taste and decorum.A. IdealismB. neoclassicismC. romanticismD. sentimentalism9. __C_ satirizes the foolish, meaningless life of the lords and ladies in the aristocratic bourgeois society of the 18th England.A. An Essay on CriticismB. The DunciadC. The Rape of the LockD. An Essay on Man1. In his novel, Robinson Crusoe , Defoe eulogizes the hero of the ___C__. Aristocratic class B. enterprising landlordsC. rising bourgeoisieD. hard-working people2. Daneil Defoe’s novels m ainly focus on __A___.A. The struggle of the unfortunate for mere existenceB. The struggle of the shipwrecked persons for securityC. The struggle of the pirates for wealthD. The struggle of the criminals for property3.__C___ is important in the history of the novel because it shows the care for persistent record of the detail of daily life, which was to become one of the most distinguishing characteristics of the novel form.A. Moll FlandersB. Robinson CrusoeC. A Journal of the Plague YearD. Roxana4. The following on Daniel Defoe are true except __C__.A. Robinson Crusoe is his first novel.B. Robinson Crusoe is universally considered his masterpieceC. He was a member of the upper class.D. In his novels, his sympathy for the downtrodden, unfortunate poor is shown.5. In his Moll Flanders, Defoe __B__.A. Satisfies his reader by making the sinner justifiably punished.B. Convinces his reader that the sinner is more sinned against than sinningC. Condemns the frailty of women when sinned againstD. Bemoans the unjust fate of the female sinner1. Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels is the greatest __B__ work in English literature. Realistic B. satiric C. romantic D. poetic2. Jonathan Swift held the opinion that human nature _A__, thus human nature and human institutions both needed constant reform and improvement.Was seriously and permanently flawedHad become corrupted and deprivedWas a mixture of the angelic and the satanicWas erroneous but capable of redemption3. The 18th century witnessed that in England there appeared two political parties, __A__, which were satirized by Jonathan Swift in his Gulliver’s Travels .A. The Whig and the ToriesB. The senate and the House of RepresentativeC. The upper House and lower HouseD. The House of Lord and the House of Common4. “Proper words in proper place, makes the true definition of a style.” The sentence is said by __D__, one of the greatest masters of English prose.A. Alexander PopeB. Henry FieldingC. Daniel DefoeD. Jonathan Swift1. Thomas Gray has been regarded as the leader of the __B__ of the day.A. Romantic poetryB. sentimental poetryC. religious poetryD. modern poetry2. In terms of Elegy Written in the Country Churchyard, which is wrong? _B_A. The author employs metaphor in this poem.B. The author excessively expresses his personal melancholy.C. Here he reveals his sympathy for the poor and the unknown.D. He mocks the great ones who despise the poor and bring havoc on them.3. Which of the following phrases cannot be used to describe the features of Gray’s poetry? _D_A. Highly artificial in dictionB. distorted in word orderC. Calculated in rhythmD. lighted-hearted in tone1. Samuel Richardson, one of the 18th century novelists, is well known for his __A__.A. Epistolary methodB. allegoryC. comic-epic in proseD. symbolism1. Which of the following writings is not completed by Sheridan? _B_A. The School for ScandalB. PamelaC. The RivalsD. The Critic2. Which play is regarded as the best English comedy since Shakespeare? _C_A. She Stoops to ConquerB. The RivalsC. The School for ScandalD. The Conscious Lovers。

英美文学导论考试题及答案

英美文学导论考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 以下哪部作品是威廉·莎士比亚的悲剧？A.《罗密欧与朱丽叶》B.《威尼斯商人》C.《皆大欢喜》D.《第十二夜》2. 19世纪英国浪漫主义诗人拜伦的全名是什么？A. 乔治·戈登·拜伦B. 威廉·华兹华斯C. 珀西·比希·雪莱D. 约翰·济慈3. 以下哪位作家是现代主义文学的代表人物？A. 查尔斯·狄更斯B. 简·奥斯汀C. 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫D. 托马斯·哈代4. 美国文学中被称为“黑暗浪漫主义”的时期是？A. 浪漫主义时期B. 现实主义时期C. 现代主义时期D. 后现代主义时期5. 以下哪部作品是马克·吐温的代表作？A.《了不起的盖茨比》B.《汤姆·索亚历险记》C.《白鲸》D.《老人与海》二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）6. 英国文学史上的文艺复兴时期，以_______的戏剧创作最为著名。

7. 19世纪美国文学的“现实主义”运动，以_______的《红字》为代表作。

8. 现代主义文学中，_______的《荒原》被认为是现代主义诗歌的里程碑。

9. 20世纪美国文学中，_______的《了不起的盖茨比》描绘了20年代的“爵士时代”。

10. 英国浪漫主义诗人_______的《夜莺颂》是其代表作之一。

三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）11. 简述英国文学中的“哥特式小说”的特点。

12. 描述美国文学中的“自然主义”运动，并举例说明。

13. 简述现代主义文学与后现代主义文学的主要区别。

四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）14. 论述威廉·华兹华斯的“自然主义”观点及其在《抒情歌谣集》中的体现。

15. 分析弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的《到灯塔去》中的女性主义视角。

答案一、选择题1. A2. A3. C4. B5. B二、填空题6. 威廉·莎士比亚7. 纳撒尼尔·霍桑8. T.S.艾略特9. F.斯科特·菲茨杰拉德10. 威廉·华兹华斯三、简答题11. 哥特式小说的特点包括恐怖、神秘、超自然元素，以及对古老建筑或废墟的描写。

英美文学作品选读期末复习资料

英美文学作品选读期末复习资料I.Multiple Choice：1.A(n) ____is a piece of writing which is often written from an author'spersonal point of view. Essays can consist of a number of elements, including: literary criticism, political manifestos, learned arguments, observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author.A.poemB. novelC. essayD. drama2.Which is written by Jane Austen?A.PersuasionB.Waiting for GodotC.NatureD.The Old Man and the Sea3.The following sentences are taken from_______“Nature always wears the colors of the spirit. To a man laboring under calamity, the heat of his own fire hath sadness in it.”A. NatureB. The Self-relianceC. The Sun Also RisesD. The American Scholar4.Samuel Beckett’s work offers a bleak, tragicomic outlook on____,often coupled with black comedy and gallows humour.A.human natureB.loveC.deathD.life5.The following is taken from_______“Nay there is no stand or impediment in the wi t, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises.”A. “My Heart’s in Highlands”B. “Mending Wall”C. “Of Study”D. “The Sun Rising”6.The following sentence is taken from_______“It is a truth universall y acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife.”A. NatureB. The Old Man and the SeaC. Waiting for GodotD. Pride and Prejudice7.The following is taken from_______“Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.”A.“The Road Not Taken”B. “A Red, Red Rose”C. “Of Study”D. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowing Evening”8.The following is taken from_______“So if a man's wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again.”A. “Of Study”B. “A Red, Red Rose”C. NatureD. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowing Evening”9.The following is taken from_______“Their chief use for delight is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business.”A. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowing Evening”B. “Mending Wall”C. “Of Study”D. “The Sun Rising”10.The following sentences are taken from_______“Santiago,”the boy said to him as they climbed the bank from where the skiff was hauled up. “I could go with you again. We’ve made some money.”A.The Old Man and the SeaB. The American ScholarC. The Sun Also RisesD. Emma11.Which is written by Hemingway?A.Pride and PrejudiceB. A Farewell to ArmsC.Oedipus the KingD.Sense and Sensibility12.Which is written by Francis Bacon?A.Advancement of LearningB. The Self-relianceC.“Mending Wall”D.“A Red Red Rose”13.First published in 1813, Pride and Prejudice has consistently beenJane Austen's most popular novel.A. 1813B. 1820C. 1913D. 193014.Which is written by Francis Bacon?A.“ of Wisdom”B.NatureC.“The Road Not Taken”D.“A Red Red Rose”15.The following sentence is taken from_______“Nature is a setting that fits equally well a comic or a mourning piece.”A. Pride and PrejudiceB. A Farewell to ArmsC. NatureD. Emma16.The following sentences are taken from_______“Mr. Bingley was good looking and gentlemanlike; he had a pleasant countenance, and easy, unaffected manners. His sisters were fine women, with an air of decided fashion.”A. NatureB. The Old Man and the SeaC. Waiting for GodotD. Pride and Prejudice17.Which is written by Emerson?A.The Old Man and the SeaB.Mansfield ParkC.Self-relianceD.Persuasion18.The following are ______’s writing features:His peasant origin and environment added him in capturing the happy simplicity, humor, directness and optimism, which are characteristic of all old Scottish songs.A.Robert FrostB.Robert BurnsC.BaconD.Emerson19.The following sentence is taken from_______“Yet it is certain that the power to produce this delight, does not reside in nature, but in man, or in a harmony of both.”A. NatureB. The Self-relianceC. EmmaD. The Sun Also Rises20.The following sentence is taken from_______“To go into solitude, a man needs to retire as much from his chamber as from society.”A. NatureB. “Of Study”C. Pride and PrejudiceD. The Old Man and the Sea21.In Pride and Prejudice, none of the Bennet’s daughters can inheritthe estate of the family for it has been entailed upon the nearest male heir,______.A.DarcyB.William CollinsC.WickhamD.Santiago22.Which is written by Emerson?A.The Old Man and the SeaB.The American ScholarC.Mansfield ParkD.Persuasion23.Which is written by Shakespeare?A.Waiting for GodotB. Oedipus the KingC. OthelloD. The Women of Trachis24.The title Pride and Prejudice refers (among other things) to the waysin which Elizabeth and _____ first view each other.A. CollinsB. SantiagoC.WickhamD. Darcy25.Which is written by Francis Bacon?A.Sense and sensibilityB.“of Friendship”C.“Mending Wall”D．“A Red Red Rose”26.The following are taken from_______“And I will luve thee still, my dear, / Till a’ the seas gang dry:”A.“Mending Wall”B. “A Red, Red Rose”C. “The Road Not Taken”D. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowing Evening”27.The following are taken from_______“I took the one less traveled by, / And that has made all the difference.”A. “Mending Wall”B. “My Heart’s in Highlands”C. “A Red, Red Rose”D. “The Road Not Taken”28.The following is taken from_______“Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts;others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention.”A. “Mending Wall”B. “The Road Not Taken”C. “My Heart’s in Highlands”D. “Of Study”29. _______, Hemingway’s first novel, was published in 1926.A.A Farewell To ArmsB.The Old Man and the SeaC.Moby-DickD.The Sun Also Rises30.The following are taken from_______“O my Luve’s like the melodie / That’s sweetly played in tune.”A.“The Road Not Taken”B. “A Red, Red Rose”C. “My Heart’s in Highlands”D. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowing Evening”II. T——F Statements1. Beckett was awarded the 1969 Nobel Prize in Literature. T2. “My Heart’s in Highlands” is written by Robert Frost. F3. Mansfield Park is written by Jane Austen. T4. If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind is taken from "The Road N ot Taken”.5. Robert Frost shows the England scenery. He is closely concerned about farmers’ life and nature. F6.Francis Bacon was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist,and author. T7. “And be one traveler, long I stood / And looked down one as far as I couldTo where it bent in the undergrowth;”are taken from“The Road Not Taken”. T8.Bacon’s essays are famous for their brevity, precision and powerfulness. T9. Emerson was an American essayist, lecturer, and poet, who led the Transcendentalist movement of the 18th century. F10. The Old Man and the Sea centers upon Santiago, an aging fisherman who struggles with a giant marlin far out in the Gulf Stream. T11. Hemingway’s novels show a wealth of humor, wit and delicate satire.F12. Ernest Miller Hemingway was an American author and journalist. His economical and understated style had a strong influence on 20th-century fiction, while his life of adventure and his public image influenced later generations. T13. The theme of “A Red Red Rose” is life. F14．Hemingway’s wartime experiences in the World War II formed the basisfor his novel A Farewell to Arms. F15. Beckett is widely regarded as among the most influential writers ofthe 20th century. Strongly influenced by James Joyce, he is consideredone of the last modernists. T16．From 1811 until 1816, with the release of Sense and Sensibility(1811), Pride and Prejudice (1813), Mansfield Park (1814) and Emma (1816), Jane Austen achieved success as a published writer. T17. Beckett is one of the key writers in what Martin Esslin called the "Theatre of the Absurd". T18. “Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them” reveals the three attitudes towards study. T19．A(n) essay is a piece of writing which is often written from an author's personal point of view. Essays can consist of a number of elements, including: literary criticism, political manifestos, learned arguments, observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author. T20. “Nature is a setti ng that fits equally well a comic or a mourning piece.” is taken from A Farewell to Arms. F21. The title Pride and Prejudice refers (among other things) to the waysin which Elizabeth and Collins first view each other. F22. “My Heart’s in Highlands” is n ot written by Robert Frost. T23. Hemingway won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. T24. “Mr. Darcy danced only once with Mrs. Hurst and once with Miss Bingley, declined being introduced to any other lady,and spent the rest of the evening in walking about the room, speaking occasionally to one of his own party. His character was decided. He was the proudest, most disagreeable man in the world, and everybody hoped that he would never come there again.” are taken from Pride and Prejudice T25. “But he th ought, I keep them with precision. Only I have no luck any more. But who knows? Maybe today. Every day is a new day. It is better to be lucky. But I would rather be exact. Then when luck comes you are ready.” are taken from The Old Man and the Sea. T1.Define the term, essay.An essay is a piece of writing which is often written from an author's personal point of view. Essays can consist of a number of elements, including: literary criticism, political manifestos, learned arguments, observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author. The definition of an essay is vague, overlapping with those of an article and a short story. Almost all modern essays are written in prose, but works in verse have been dubbed essays.2. Find out the three abuses of study in Of Study.To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar.3. Please enumerate three works of Robert Frost.“Mending Wall”“The Road Not Taken”“Stopping by Woods on a Snowing Evening”4．C omment on Hemingway’s writing features.He always tries his best to avoid using kinds of ways to depict things or piling big words and gorgeous adjectives. On thecontrary, he always adopts direct description and short sentences which are precise, laconic,bright and vivid. His writing style only serves his particular characters and theme.His unique writing style, “Iceberg Principle”: there is seven -eighths of the iceberg which is beneath the surface of the water in which it floats. He believes that a good writer does not need to reveal every detail of a character or action; the one –eighth that is presented will suggest all other meanings of the story.。

英美文学复习资料100题

1.the work that presented,for the first time in English literature,a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid character from all walks of life is Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales. 在英国文学里提到的作品里，第一次全面逼真地刻画了中世纪英国社会，创造了一个来自各行各业的生动画面的作品是杰弗里·乔叟的坎特伯雷故事集。

2.Geoffrey Chaucer is regarded as the father of English poetry. 乔叟被视为英文诗歌之父，3.The verse form of heroic couplet was introduced into English poetry and employed in the poem with true ease and charm for the first time in the history of English literature by Geoffrey Chaucer. 在英国文学史上，第一次在英文诗中引入英雄对联诗体，真正方便和体现了诗的魅力，是有乔叟开始的。

4.The Canterbury Tales presents a whole gallery of vivid characters,the team of pilgrims,people from all walks of life,including 31 members altogether. 坎特伯雷故事集呈现的是从各行各业的所有人的生动的人物形象，比如朝圣者的队伍，其中一共包括31名成员。

【优质】英美文学作品选读期末复习资料

【优质】英美文学作品选读期末复习资料I.Multiple Choice：1.A(n) ____ is a piece of writing which is often written from an author's personalpoint of view. Essays can consist of a number of elements, including: literary criticism, political manifestos, learned arguments, observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author.A.poemB. novelC. essayD. drama2.Which is written by Jane Austen?A.PersuasionB.Waiting for GodotC.NatureD.The Old Man and the Sea3.The following sentences are taken from_______“Nature always wears the colors of the spirit. To a man laboring under calamity, the heat of his own fire hath sadness in it.”A. NatureB. The Self-relianceC. The Sun Also RisesD. The American Scholar4.Samuel Beckett’s work offers a bleak, tragicomic outlook on____, often coupledwith black comedy and gallows humour.A.human natureB.loveC.deathD.life5.The following is taken from_______“Nay there is no stand or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises.”A. “M y Heart’s in Highlands”B. “Mending Wall”C. “Of Study”D. “The Sun Rising”6.The following sentence is taken from_______“It is a truth un iversally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife.”A. NatureB. The Old Man and the SeaC. Waiting for GodotD. Pride and Prejudice7.The following is taken from_______“Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.”A.“The Road Not Taken”B. “A Red, Red Rose”C. “Of Study”D. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowi ng Evening”8.The following is taken from_______“So if a man's wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again.”A. “Of Study”B. “A Red, Red Rose”C. NatureD. “Stoppi ng by Woods on a Snowing Evening”9.The following is taken from_______“Their chief use for delight is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business.”A. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowing Evening”B. “Mending Wall”C. “Of Study”D. “The Sun Rising”10.The following sentences are taken from_______“Santiago,” the bo y said to him as they climbed the bank from where the skiff was hauled up. “I could go with you again. We’ve made some money.”A.The Old Man and the SeaB. The American ScholarC. The Sun Also RisesD. Emma11.Which is written by Hemingway?A.Pride and PrejudiceB. A Farewell to ArmsC.Oedipus the KingD.Sense and Sensibility12.Which is written by Francis Bacon?A.Advancement of LearningB.The Self-relianceC.“Mending Wall”D.“A Red Red Rose”13.First published in 1813, Pride and Prejudice has consistently been Jane Austen'smost popular novel.A. 1813B. 1820C. 1913D. 193014.Which is written by Francis Bacon?A.“ of Wisdom”B.NatureC.“The Road Not Taken”D.“A Red Red Rose”15.The following sentence is taken from_______“Nature is a setting that fits equally well a comic or a mourning piece.”A. Pride and PrejudiceB. A Farewell to ArmsC. NatureD. Emma16.The following sentences are taken from_______“Mr. Bingley was good looking and gentlemanlike; he had a pleasant countenance, and easy, unaffected manners. His sisters were fine women, with an air of decided fashion.”A. NatureB. The Old Man and the SeaC. Waiting for GodotD. Pride and Prejudice17.Which is written by Emerson?A.The Old Man and the SeaB.Mansfield ParkC.Self-relianceD.Persuasion18.The following are ______’s writing features:His peasant origin and environment added him in capturing the happy simplicity,humor, directness and optimism, which are characteristic of all old Scottish songs.A.Robert FrostB.Robert BurnsC.BaconD.Emerson19.The following sentence is taken from_______“Yet it is certain that the power to produce this delight, does not reside in nature, but in man, or in a harmony of both.”A. NatureB. The Self-relianceC. EmmaD. The Sun Also Rises20.The following sentence is taken from_______“To go into solitude, a man needs to retire as much from his chamber as from society.”A. NatureB. “Of Study”C. Pride and PrejudiceD. The Old Man and the Sea21.In Pride and Prejudice, none of the Bennet’s daughters can inherit the estate ofthe family for it has been entailed upon the nearest male heir,______.A.DarcyB.William CollinsC.WickhamD.Santiago22.Which is written by Emerson?A.The Old Man and the SeaB.The American ScholarC.Mansfield ParkD.Persuasion23.Which is written by Shakespeare?A.Waiting for GodotB. Oedipus the KingC. OthelloD. The Women of Trachis24.The title Pride and Prejudice refers (among other things) to the ways in whichElizabeth and _____ first view each other.A. CollinsB. SantiagoC.WickhamD. Darcy25.Which is written by Francis Bacon?A.Sense and sensibilityB.“of Friendship”C.“Mending Wall”D．“A Red Red Rose”26.The following are taken from_______“And I will luve thee still, my dear, / Till a’ the seas gang dry:”A.“Mending Wall”B. “A Red, Red Rose”C. “The Road Not Taken”D. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowing Evening”27.The following are taken from_______“I took the one less traveled by, / And that has made all the difference.”A. “Mending Wall”B. “My Heart’s in Highlands”C. “A Red, Red Rose”D. “The Road Not Taken”28.The following is taken from_______“Some books are to be tas ted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention.”A. “Mending Wall”B. “The Road N ot Taken”C. “My Heart’s in Highlands”D. “Of Study”29._______, Hemingway’s first novel, was published in 1926.A.A Farewell To ArmsB.The Old Man and the SeaC.Moby-DickD.The Sun Also Rises30.The following are taken from_______“O my Luve’s like the melodie / That’s sweetly played in tune.”A.“The Road Not Taken”B. “A Red, Red Rose”C. “My Heart’s in Highlands”D. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowing Evening”II. T——F Statements1. Beckett was awarded the 1969 Nobel Prize in Literature. T2. “My Heart’s in Highlands” is written by Robert Frost. F3. Mansfield Park is written by Jane Austen. T4. If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind is taken from "The Road Not Taken”.5. Robert Frost shows the England scenery. He is closely concerned about farmers’ life and nature. F6.Francis Bacon was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist, and author.T7. “And be one traveler, long I stood / And looked down one as far as I couldTo where it bent in the undergrowth;” are taken from“The Road Not Taken”. T8.Bacon’s essays are famous for their brevity, precision and powerfulness. T9. Emerson was an American essayist, lecturer, and poet, who led the Transcendentalist movement of the 18th century. F10. The Old Man and the Sea centers upon Santiago, an aging fisherman who struggles with a giant marlin far out in the Gulf Stream. T11. Hemingway’s novels show a wealth of humor, wit and delicate satire. F12. Ernest Miller Hemingway was an American author and journalist. His economical and understated style had a strong influence on 20th-century fiction, while his life of adventure and his public image influenced later generations. T13. The theme of “A Red Red Rose” is life. F14．Hemingway’s wartime experiences in the World War II formed the basis for hisnovel A Farewell to Arms. F15. Beckett is widely regarded as among the most influential writers of the 20th century. Strongly influenced by James Joyce, he is considered one of the last modernists. T16．From 1811 until 1816, with the release of Sense and Sensibility (1811), Pride and Prejudice(1813), Mansfield Park(1814) and Emma(1816), Jane Austen achieved success as a published writer. T17. Beckett is one of the key writers in what Martin Esslin called the "Theatre of the Absurd". T18. “Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them” reveals the three attitudes towards study. T19．A(n) essay is a piece of writing which is often written from an author's personal point of view. Essays can consist of a number of elements, including: literary criticism, political manifestos, learned arguments, observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author. T20. “Nature is a setti ng that fits equally well a comic or a mourning piece.” is taken from A Farewell to Arms. F21. The title Pride and Prejudice refers (among other things) to the ways in which Elizabeth and Collins first view each other. F22. “My Heart’s in Highlands” is n ot written by Robert Frost. T23. Hemingway won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. T24. “Mr. Darcy danced only once with Mrs. Hurst and once with Miss Bingley, declined being introduced to any other lady, and spent the rest of the evening in walking about the room, speaking occasionally to one of his own party. His character was decided. He was the proudest, most disagreeable man in the world, and everybody hoped that he would n ever come thereagain.” are taken from Pride and Prejudice T25. “But he t hought, I keep them with precision. Only I have no luck any more. But who knows? Maybe today. Every day is a new day. It is better to be lucky. But I would rather be exact. Th en when luck comes you are ready.” are taken from The Old Man and the Sea.T1.Define the term, essay.An essay is a piece of writing which is often written from an author's personal point of view. Essays can consist of a number of elements, including: literary criticism, political manifestos, learned arguments, observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author. The definition of an essay is vague, overlapping with those of an article and a short story. Almost all modern essays are written in prose, but works in verse have been dubbed essays.2. Find out the three abuses of study in Of Study.To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar.3. Please enumerate three works of Robert Frost.“Mending Wall”“The Road Not Taken”“Stopping by Woods on a Snowing Evening”4．C omment on Hemingway’s writing features.He always tries his best to avoid using kinds of ways to depict things or piling big words and gorgeous adjectives. On the contrary, he always adopts direct description and short sentences which are precise, laconic, bright and vivid. His writing style only serves his particular characters and theme.His unique wr iting style, “Iceberg Principle”: there is seven-eighths of the iceberg which is beneath the surface of the water in which it floats. He believes that a good writer does not need to reveal every detail of a character or action; the one –eighth that is presented will suggest all other meanings of the story.。

英美文学期末选择题

英美文学期末选择题①1、English literature began with the Anglo-Saxon settlement in England.2. The Anglo-Saxons were Christianized in the 7th century.3、In 1066,William the Conqueror with his Norman army, succeeded in invading and defeating England.4. After the Norman Conquest, three languages existed in England at that time. The Normans spoke French.5、Beowulf, the national epic of the English people, describes the explocits of a Scandinavian hero in fighting against the monster Grendel, his revengeful mother and a fire-breathing dragon.6. The story of Piers the Plowman is the culmination of the Arthurian romances.7. William Langland’s Piers the Plowman is written in the form of a dream vision.8. Geoffrey Chaucer is acciaimed as “the father of English poetry” and is one of the great narrative poets of England. 9. The Canterbury Tales contains in fact a general Prologueand only 24 tales, of which two are left unfinished.10.The most famous cycle of English ballads centers on the stories about a legendary outlaw called Robin Hood.②1、Except being a victory of England over Spain ,the rout of the fleet “Armanda”(invincible) was also the triumph of the rising young bourgeoisie over the declining old feudation.2、Sonnet is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen lines.3、Thomas Wyatt was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature.4、“The lettuce was lonely wihout tomatoes and cucumbers for company.” is an example of personification.5、Absolute monarchy in English reached its summit during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I.6.Enlish Renaissance Period was an age of poetry and drama.7.At the begining of the 16th century the outstandinghumanist Thomas More wrote his Utopia in which he gave a profound and truthful picture of th people’s suffering and put forward his ideal of a future happy society.8.Great populary was won by John Lyly’s prose romance Euphues which geve rise to the term “enphuism” designating an affected style of court speech.9.The epoch of Renaissance witnessed a particular development of English drama. It was Christopher Marlowe who made blank verse the pricipal vehicle of expression in drama.10.Shakespeare has established his giant position in world literature with his37 plays, 154 sonnets and 2 long poems.③1. In 1642, a civil war was broke out in England in 1649, the royalists were finally defeated by the parliament army led by Oliver Cromwell. CharlesⅠwas sentenced to death and England was declared to be a commonwealth.2. The Revolution Period is also called The Puritan Agebecause the English Revolution was carried out under a religious cloak.3. The revolution of 1688 meant three of the following things: ①the supremacy of Parliament ②the beginning ofmodern England ③the triumph of the principle of polotical liberty4. In the Revolution Period, John Milton towers over his age as William Shakespeare towers over the Elizabethan Age and as Chaucer towers over the Medieval Period.5.in which famous pamphlet did Milton thus write:“Our king made not us, but we him. Nature has given fathers to us all, but we ourselves appointed our own king; so that the people are not for the king, but the king for them?”Defense of the English people6. Among the statements about Milton’s Paradise Lost, which statement is not true?A. John Milton’s masterpieceB. A great epic in 10 booksC. Writen in blank verseD.About the heroic revolt of Satan against God’s authority7.The Pilgrim’s Progress gives a vivid and satirical description of Vanity Fair which is the symbol of London at the time of Restoration.8.The main literary form of the seventeenth century was poetry. Among the poets, John Milton was the greatest. Besides him, there were two groups of poets. They were The Metaphysical poets and the Cavalier poets.9. The term “metaphysical poetry” is commonly used to name the work of the 17th-century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne.10. In his blindness, Milton wrote his most impotant poetic works, which one is not included?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise regainedC. Samson AgonistesD. lycidas④1.The 18th century witnessed that in England there appeared two polotical parties, the Whigs and the Tories, which were satirzed by Jonathan Swift in his Gulliver’s Travels.2.Generally speaking, English literature of the 18th century may be diviided into three periods. The first period was characterized by the neo-classicism, of which Alexander Pope was the representative poet.3.An Essay on Criticism, written in heroic couplet by Alexander Pope, was a manifesto of English neo-classicsim as he put forward his aesthetic theories in it.4.Samuel Johnson compiled The Dictionary of the English Language which became the foundation of all the subsequent English dictionaries.5.The 18th century produced the first English novelists, who fall into two groups, one is the realist novelists; the other is the sentimental novelists.6.Hentry Fielding was the real founder of the realistic novel in England. His novels unfold a panorama of life in all dections of English society.7.Which of the following novels are epistolary novels?A.Clarissa HarloweB.PamelaC.Sir Charles Grandison8.Sentimentalism found its representative writers in the filed of poetry, such as Edward Young and Thomas Gray, but it manifested itselfe chiefly in the novels of Laurence Sterne and Oliver Goldsmith.9.The English drama of the 18th century does not reach the same high level as its novel. One of the main reasons is that Licensing Act of 1737 which drove Henry Fielding out of the theatre which reatricted the freedom of expression by dramatists.10.In the last twenty years of the 18th century, Englandproduced two great romantic poets. They are William Blake and Robert Burns.⑤1.In contrast to the rationalism of the enlighteners and classicists in the 18th century, the Romanticists paid great attention to the apirtual and emotional life of man.2.The publication of The Lyrical Ballads in 1798 marked the break with the conventional poetical tradition of the 18th century, i.e., with classicism, and the beginning of Romantic revival in England.3.Which of the follwing poems written by William Wordsworth does not have the theme of Nature and country life.A. The Solitary ReaperB.We Are SevenC. I Wandered Lonely as a CloudD.Lucy Poems4.The firs poem in The Lyrical Ballads is Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s masterpiece The Rime of Ancient Mariner.5.Which of the following statements is (are) not ture about Percy Bysshe Shelley?A. Prometheus Unbound is Percy Bysshe Shelley’s masterpiece, a long epic poem.B. At Eton Percy Bysshe Shelley was known as “MadShelley,” for his obstinate opposition to the brutal fagging system, accoring to which the younger school-boys were obliged to obey the older boys and bear a great deal of cruel treatment.C. George Gordon Byron called Percy Bysshe Shelley “the best and least selfish man I ever knew.D. Percy Bysshe Shelley loved the people and hated their oppressors and exploiters.6.Which of the following works is not written by George Gordon Byron?A. She Walks in BeautyB. Hebrew MelodiesC. CainD. Kubla Khan7.John Keats’s pursuit of beauty in all things bespoke an aspiration after a better life than the sordid reality undercapitalism. His leading principle is:“Beauty is truth, truth beauty.”8.Which of the following works has not employed the subjects from the Bible?A. Paradise LostB. CainC. Samson AgoistesD. Endymion9.The English Romantic Age produced two major novelists. They are Walter Scott and Jane Austin.10.Ivanhoe is the masterpiece of the historical novelist Walter Scott.。

英美文学期末考试选择题资料.

英美文学期末考试选择题资料.2011年4月1. One of Shelley’ s greatest political lyrics is ________, which was later to becomea rallying song of the British Communist Party.A. “Ode to Liberty”B. “Ode to Naples”C. “Sonnet: England in 1819”D. “Men of England”2. In Charles Dickens’ w o rk ________, the Utilitarian principle rules over the English education system and destroys young hearts and minds.A. Little DorritB. Hard TimesC. Great ExpectationsD. Bleak House3. The tragic sense turns into despair in Thomas Hardy’s ________, where cornered by the traditional social morality, the hero and the heroine have to kill their own will and passion and return to their former destructive way of life.A. The Return of the NativeB. The Mayor of CasterbridgeC. Tess of the D’ UrbervillesD. Jude the Obscure4. The typical representatives of G. B. Shaw’ s early plays are ________.A. Man and Superman; The Apple CartB. Widowers’ House; Mrs. Warren’ s ProfessionC. Candida; Mrs. Warren’ s ProfessionD. The Apple Cart; Widowers’ House5. As a critic of music and drama, ________ held that art should serve social purposes by reflecting human life, revealing social contradictions and educating the common people.A. T. S. EliotB. Oscar WildeC. George Bernard ShawD.W. B. Yeats6. Symbolism and complex narrative are employed more richly in D. H. Lawrence’s ________, which are generally regarded as his masterpieces.A. Women in Love; Sons and LoversB. The Rainbow; Women in LoveC. Sons and Lovers; Lady Chatterley’s LoverD. Lady Chatterley’ s Lov er; Th e Rainbow7. T. S. Eliot won the Nobel Prize of Literature in ________.A. 1945B. 1948C. 1952D. 19568. Thomas Hardy’s pessimistic view of life predominates most of his later works and earns him a reputation as a ________ writer.A. realisticB. naturalisticC. romanticD. stylistic9. “Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless? ... And if God had gifted me with some beauty, and much wealth, I should have made it ashard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you. ” The quoted lines are most probably taken from ________.A. Great ExpectationsB. Wuthering HeightsC. Jane EyreD. Pride and Prejudice10. The most distinguishing feature of Charles Dickens’ works is ________.A. the vernacular and large vocabularyB. his humor and witC. character-portrayalD. pictures of pathos11. G. B. Shaw’ s play ________ established his position as the leading playwright of his time.A. Widowers’ HousesB. Too True to Be GoodC. Mrs. Warren’ s Profe ssionD. Candida12. Jane Austen’ s first novel ________ tells a story about two sisters and their love affairs.A. Sense and SensibilityB. Pride and PrejudiceC. Northanger AbbeyD. Mansfield Park13. “If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?” the q uoted line comes from________.A. Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind”B. Walt Whitman’ s Leaves of GrassC. John Milton’s Paradise LostD. John Keats’“ Ode on a Grecian Urn”14. All of the following poems by William Wordsworth are masterpieces on nature EXCEPT________.A. “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”B. “An Evening Walk”C. “Tinter Abbey”D. “The Solitary Reaper”15. William Blake’s ________ marks his entry into maturity.A. Poetical SketchesB. Songs of InnocenceC. Marriage of Heaven and HellD. Songs of Experience16. Henry Fielding’ s ________ brings him the name of “Prose Homer”.A. The History of Jonathan Wild the GreatB. The History of Tom Jones, a FoundlingC. The History of AmeliaD. The History of Joseph Andrews17. Among the three major poetical works by John Milton, ________ is the most perfect example of verse drama after the Greek style in English.A. Samson AgonistesB. Paradise LostC. Paradise RegainedD. Areopagitica18. T.S. Eliot’ s ________ not only presents a panorama of physical disorder and spiritual desolation in the modern Western world, but also reflects the prevalent mood of disillusionment and despair of a whole post- war generation.A. The Hollow MenB. The Waste LandC. Murder in the CathedralD. Ash Wednesday19. In ________, Shakespeare has not only made a profound analysis of the social crisis in which the evils can be seen everywhere, but also criticized the bourgeois egoism. P35A. HamletB. OthelloC. King LearD. Macbeth20. John Milton’s greatest poetical wo rk ________ is the only gene rally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf.A. AreopagiticaB. Paradise LostC. LycidasD. Samson Agonistes21. The work ________ by William Blake is a lovely volume of poems, presenting a happy world, though not without its evils and sufferings.A. Songs of InnocenceB. Songs of ExperienceC. Poetical SketchesD. Lyrical Ballads22. The plays known as “the Lawrence trilogy” are all the following EXCEPT________.A. A Collier’ s Friday NightB. Lady Chatterl ey’ s LoverC. The Daughte -in -LawD. The Widowing of Mrs. Holroyed23. Greatly and permanently affected by the ________ experiences, Hemingway formed his own writing style, together with his theme and hero.A. miningB. farmingC. warD. sailing24. “The dignity of movement of an icebe rg is due to only one -eighth of it being above water. ” This “iceberg” analogy about prose style was put forward by ________.A. William FaulknerB. Henry JamesC. Ernest HemingwayD. F·Scott Fitzgerald25. In Go Down, Moses, ________ illuminates the problem of black and white in Southern society as a close- knit destiny of blood brotherhood.A. William FaulknerB. Jack LondonC. Herman MelvilleD. Nathaniel Hawthorne26. In Death in the Afternoon ________ presents his philosophy about life and death through the depiction of the bullfight as a kind of microcosmic tragedy.A. William FaulknerB. Jack LondonC. Ernest HemingwayD. Mark Twain27. William Faulkner once said that ________ is a story of “lostinnocence,” w hich proves itself to be an intensification of the theme of imprisonment in the past.A. The Great GatsbyB. The Sound and the FuryC. Absalom, Absalom!D. Go Down, Moses38. Among the following writers ________ is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th -century “stream - of - consciou sness” novels and the founder of psychological realism.A. T. S. EliotB. James JoyceC. William FaulknerD. Henry James2010年7月1. T. S. Eliot’s ______ is a poem of dramatic monologue anda prelude to The Waste Land, helpingto point up the continuity of Eliot’s thinking.A. “Prufrock”B. “Gerontion”C. The Hollow MenD. Four Quartets2. Defoe’s group of four novels are th e first literary works devoted to the study of problems of the lower-class people. They are the following EXCEPT ______.A. Captain SingletonB. Moll FlandersC. RoxanaD. Robinson Crusoe3. Charles Dickens’ novel, ______, is famous for its vivid descrip tions of the work-house and life of the underworld in thenineteenth-century London.A. The Pickwick PaperB. Oliver TwistC. David CopperfieldD. Nicholas Nickleby4. D. H. Lawrence’s autobiographical novel is ______.A. The RainbowB. Women in LoveC. Sons and LoversD. Lady Chatterley’s Lover5. Jonathan Swift’s greatest satiric work is ______.A. A Tale of a TubB. The Battle of the BooksC. Gulliver’s TravelsD. A Modest Proposal6. Dickens’best- depicted characters are the following. EXCEPT ______.A. innocent, virtuous, persecuted and helpless child charactersB. horrible and grotesque charactersC. broadly humorous or comical charactersD. simple, innocent and faithful women characters7. George Bernard Shaw’s ______ explored his idea of “Life Force”, the power that would create super ior beings to be equal to God and to solve all the social, moral, and metaphysical problems of human society.A. Man and SupermanB. The Apple CartC. PygmalionD. Too True to Be Good8. For his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel, ______ has been r egarded as “Father of the English Novel”.A. Daniel DefoeB. Jonathan SwiftC. Henry FieldingD. Oliver Goldsmith9. Charlotte Bronte’s autobiograghical work ______ largely based on her exp erience in Brussels.A. The ProfessorB. ShirleyC. VilletteD. Jane Eyre10. D. H. Lawrence’s artistic tendency is mainly ______ , which combi nes dramatic scenes withan authoritative commentary.A. romanticismB. realismC. naturalismD. modernism11. In ______ opinion, human nature is seriously and premanently flawed. To better human life,enlightenment is needed, but to redress it is very hard.A. Daniel Defoe’sB. Charles Dickens’C. Jonathan Swift’sD. Henry Fielding’s12. The major theme of Jan e Austen’s novels is ______ toward which she holds ona practicalidealism.A. love and moneyB. marriage and moneyC. love and familyD. love and marriage13. Hardy’s ______ is a fierce attack on the hypocritical morality of the bourgeois society and th ecapitalist invasion into the country and destruction of the English peasantry towards the end of the century.A. Tess of the D’UrbervillesB. The Mayor of Caste BridgeC. The Return of the NativeD. Jude the Obscure14. Henry Fielding adopted “______” to relate a story in his novel in which the author becomesthe “all- knowing God”.A. the first- person narrationB. the epistolary formC. the picaresque formD. the third -person narration15. In ______ , Shelley created a Platonic symbol of the spirit of man, a force of beauty andregeneration.A. “T o a Skylark”B. “The Cloud”C. “Ode to Liberty”D. Adonais16. The success of ______ is also due to its introduction to the English novel the first governessheroine.A. The ProfessorB. Jane EyreC. Wuthering HeightsD. Far from the Madding Crowd17. John Milton’s ______ is the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature sinceBeowulf.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Areopagitica18. Wordsworth’s ______ is per haps the most anthologized poem in English literature.A. “T o a Skylark”B. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”C. “An Evening Walk”D. “My Heart Leaps Up”19. As th e best of Shakespeare’s final romances, ______ is a typical example of his pessimisticview towards human life and society in his late years.A. The TempestB. The Winter’s T aleC. CymbelineD. The Rape of Lucrece20. The major representatives of the poetic revolution in English Romantic period were SamuelTaylor Coleridge and ______.A. William BlakeB. William WordsworthC. John KeatsD. Percy Bysshe Shelley21. Samson Agonistes by ______ is the most perfect example of the verse drama after the Greekstyle in English.A. John MiltonB. William BlakeC. Henry FieldingD. William Wordsworth22. The declaration that “I know that This World is a World of IMAGINATION & Vision,” andt hat “The Nature of my work is visionary or imaginative” belongs to ______.A. William BlakeB. William WordsworthC. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. George Gordon Byron25. The Nobel Prize Committee highly praised ______ for “his powerful styleforming mastery ofthe art” of creating mode rn fiction.A. T. S. EliotB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. Mark Twain35. Closely related to Dickinson’s religious poetry are her poems concerning ______, ranging overthe physical as well as the psychological and emotional aspects of death.A. love and natureB. death and universeC. death and immortalityD. family and happiness2010年4月1. T. S. Eliot’ s ______ bea ring a strong thematic resemblance to The Waste Land, is generally regarde d as the darkest of Eliot’ s poems.A. “Gerontion”B. “Prufrock”C. Murder in the CathedralD. The Hollow Men2. Shelley’ s political lyrics ______ is not only a war cry calling upon all wor king people to rise up against their political oppressors, but an address to them pointing out the intolerable injustice of economic exploitation.A. “Ode to Liberty”B. “Ode to Naples”C. “Ode to the West Wind”D. “Men of England”3. Charlotte’ s works are famous for the depiction of the life of ______ working women, particularly governesses.A. the middle - classB. the lower - classC. the upper - middle - classD. the upper - class4. All of the following works are known as Hardy’ s “novels of character and environment” EXCEPT ______.A. The Return of the NativeB. T ess of the D’ UrbervillesC. Jude the ObscureD. Far from the Madding Crowd5. Jane Austen’ s practical idea lism is that love should bejustified by ______ and disciplined by self-control.A. reasonB. senseC. rationalityD. sensibility6. Shakespeare’ s ______, an elaborate and fantastic story, is known as the best of his finalA. The Winter’s T aleB. The TempestC. The Taming of the ShrewD. Love’ s Labour’ s Lost7. “Wh ere intelligence was fallible, limited, the Imagination was our hope of contact with eternal forces, with the whole spiritual world.” was said by ______.A. William WordsworthB. William BlakeC. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. John Keats。

美国文学期末考试复习

美国文学期末考试复习美国文学期末考试复习Part one: Multiple choices. (25题，每题2分，共50分)1 "Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind" is a famous quote from __D__’s writings.A. Walt WhitmanB. Henry David ThoreauC. Herman MelvilleD. Ralph Waldo Emerson2 Which of Hemingway’s novels describes the drifting漂流life of American exiles流亡者in Europe? BA. The Sun Also Rises.B. A Farewell to Arms.C. For Whom the Bell Tolls.D. The Old Man and the Sea.3 The theme of ___C____ may be well stated as "It sings of nationalism and of the nature of the self inrelation to the cosmos and the meaning and purpose of birth and death."A. Edgar Allan Poe’s "To Helen"B. Robert Frost’s "The Road Not Take n"C. Walt Whitman’s "Song of Myself" 惠特曼〔1819-1892，美国诗人〕。

D. Emily Dickenson’s "BecauseI could not stop for Death"4 The American Puritanism清教as a cultural heritage遗产benefited the Americans in ___A____.A. strengthening their moral valuesB. weakening their religious faithC. knowing truth intuitivelyD. developing their science and technology5 Mark Twain, one of the greatest 19th century American writers, is well known for his ___C___.A. international themeB. waste-land imageryC. local colorD. symbolism6 "Strange names were over the doors -strange faces at the windows -every thing was strange. His mindnow began to misgive使害怕him, that both he and the world around him were bewitched. Surely this was his native village, which he had left but the day before." The above passage is taken from __A____.A. Irving’s "Rip Van Winkle"B. Hawthorne’s "Young Goodman Brown"C. James’ "Daisy Miller"D. Hemingway’s "Indian Camp"7 According to Hawthorne, the scarlet letter "A" which originally stood for "___A____" finally obtainedthe meaning of "able" or "angel" through Hester’s efforts.A. adulteryB. arroganceC. accomplishmentD. agony8 As a naturalist writer, Theodore Dreiser was greatly influenced by ___B____.A. Nathaniel HawthorneB. Charles DarwinC. Henry JamesD. Ralph Waldo Emerson9 In Sister Carrie, Hurstwood, extremely hopeless and totally devastated荒废, ends his life by turning on the gas, while at the same time Carrie is rocking comfortably in her luxurious豪华的hotel room before she boards a ship for ___B____.A. New YorkB. LondonC. ParisD, Geneva10 Which of the following is the masterpiece of Mark Twain? CA. The Call of the WildB. The Adventures of Tom SawyerC.The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnD. Jumping Frog11 “”was a term created by the Fr ench novelist, Emile Zola. BA. RealismB. NaturalismC. TranscendentalismD. Impressionism12 The Cop and the Anthem is written by . AA. O. HenryB. Henry JamesC. Jack LondonD. Mark Twain13 An American Dictionary of the English Language waspublished in 1828 by . BA. Samuel JohnsonB. Noah WebsterC. Daniel WebsterD. Daniel Defoe14 Walden is written by . BA. EmersonB. ThoreauC. PoeD. Hawthorne15 American writers of the first postwar era who were devoid 缺乏of faith and alienated疏远from the 。

英语专业-英美文学试卷及答案-期末

英美文学试卷AI.Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F).(10 x 1’=10’)1.( ) Chaucer is the first English short-story teller and the founder of English poetry as well as the founder of English realism.His masterpiece The Canterbury tales contains 26 stories.2.( ) English Renaissance is an age of essay and drama.3.( ) The rise of the modern novel is closely related to the rise of the middle class and an urbanlife.4.( ) The French Revolution and the American War of Independence were two big influencesthat brought about the English Romantic Movement.5.( ) Charlotte’s novels are all about lonely and neglected young women with a fierce longingfor life and love.Her novels are more or less based on her own experience and feelings and the life as she sees around.6.( ) The leading figures of the naturalism at the turn of 19th century are Thomas Hardy, John Galsworthy and Bernard Shaw.7.( ) Emily Dickinson is remembered as the “All American Writer”.8.( )The Civil War divides the American literature into romantic literature and realist literature.9.( ) Mark Twain is the first American writer to discover an American language and Americanconsciousness.10.( ) In the decade of the 1910s, American literature achieved a new diversity and reached itsgreatest heights.II.Fill in the blanks.(20 x 1’=20’)11.The most enduring shaping influence in American thought and American literature was ___________.12.The War of Independence lasted eight years till__________.13.Ralph Waldo Emerson's essay__________ has been regarded as "America's Declaration of Intellectual Independence". It called on American writers to write about America in a way peculiarly American.14.The American ___________ writers paid a great interest in the realities of life and described the integrity of human character reacting under various circumstances and pictured the pioneers of the Far West, the new immigrants and the struggles of the working class.The leading figures were ____________, ____________, ____________, ____________, etc.15.No period in American history is more eventful than that between the two world wars.The literary features of the time can be seen in the writings of those ________ writers as Ezra Pound, and the writers of the Lost Generation as ___________.16.Two features of English Renaissance are the curiosity for ___________ and the interest in the activities of _____________________.17.Shakespeare’s earliest great success in tragedy is ____________, a play of youth and love, with the famous balcony scene.18.There are three types of poets in 17th century English literature.They are Puritan poets, ___________ poets and ______________ poets.19.Pope’s An Essay on Criticism is a didactic poem written in ___________________.20.___________ has been regarded by some as “Father of the English Novel”for his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel.21.“Beauty is truth, truth beauty”is an epigrammatic line by _______________.wrence’s most controversial novel is ___________, the best probably _________.III.Multiple choice.(20 x 1’=20’)23.Among the three major works by John Milton ________ is indeed the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf.A.Paradise RegainedB.Samson AgonistesC.LycidasD.Paradise Lost24. Francis Bacon’s essays are famous for their brevity, compactness and __________.plicityplexityC.powerfulnessdness25.As one of the greatest masters of English prose, _______ defined a good style as “proper words in proper places”.A.Henry FieldingB.Jonathan SwiftC.Samuel JohnsonD.Alexander Pope26.The Pilgrim’s Progress by John Bunyan is often said to be concerned with the search for _________.A.material wealthB.spiritual salvationC.universal truthD.self-fulfillment27.“It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.”The quoted part is taken from _________.A.Jane EyreB.Wuthering HeightsC.Pride and PrejudiceD.Sense and Sensibility28.Which of the following poems is a landmark in English poetry?A.Lyrical Ballads by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor ColeridgeB.“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”by William WordsworthC.“Remorse”by Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD.Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman29.The most distinguishing feature of Charles Dickens’works is his _________.A.simple vocabularyB.bitter and sharp criticismC.character-portrayalD.pictures of happiness30.“My Last Duchess”is a poem that best exemplifies Robert Browning’s ________.A.sensitive ear for the sounds of the English languageB.excellent choice of wordsC.mastering of the metrical devicese of the dramatic monologue31.________ is the most outstanding stream of consciousness novelist, with ______as hisencyclopedia-like masterpiece.A James Joyce, UlyssesB.E.M.Foster, A Passage to Indiawrence, Sons and loversD.Virginia Woolf, Mrs.Dalloway32.Which of the following comments on Charles Dickens is wrong?A.Dickens is one of the greatest critical realist writers of the Modern PeriodB.His serious intention is to expose and criticize all the poverty, injustice, hypocrisy andcorruptness he sees all around him.C.The later works show the development of Dickens towards a highly conscious artist of themodern type.D.A Tale of Two Cities is one of his late works.33._____was known as “the poets’poet”.A.William ShakespeareB.Edmund SpenserC.John DonneD.John Milton34.Which of the following poet belongs to the active Romantic poet?A.KeatsB.SoutheyC.WordsworthD.Coleridge35.______ is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons.A.BeowulfB.The Canterbury TalesC.Don JuanD.Paradise Lost36.___________ is the first modern American novel.A.Tom SawyerB.Huckleberry FinnC.The Sketch BookD.The Leatherstocking Tales37.Which of the following statements is NOT true of American Transcendentalism?A.It can be clearly defined as a part of American Romantic literary movement.B.It can be defined philosophically as “the recognition in man of the capacity of knowing truth intuitively”.C.Ralph Waldo Emerson was the chief advocate of this spiritual movement.D.It sprang from South America in the late l9th century.38.The theme of Washington Irving’s Rip Van Winkle is _________.A.the conflict of human psycheB.the fight against racial discriminationC.the familial conflictD.the nostalgia for the unrecoverable past39.The Nobel Prize Committee highly praised ________ for “his powerful style-forming mastery of the art”of creating modern diction.A.Ezra PoundB.Ernest HemingwayC.Robert FrostD.Theodore Dreiser40.Who exerts the single most important influence on literary naturalism?A.EmersonB.Jack LondonC.Theodore DreiserD.Darwin41.________ is NOT true in describing American naturalists.A.they were deeply influenced by DarwinismB.they were identified with French novelist and theorist Emile ZolaC.they chose their subjects for the lower ranks or societyD.they used more serious and more sympathetic tone in writing than realists42.Henry James’s fame generally rests upon his novels and stories with ________.A.international themeB.national themeC.European themeD.regional themeIV.Explain the following literary items.(4x 5’=20’)43.Spenserian Stanzake Poets45.Humanism46.BalladV.Questions.(3x 10’=30’)47.“Robinson Crusoe”is usually considered as Daniel Defoe’s masterpiece.Discuss why it became so successful when it was published?48.What is "Byronic hero"?49.Mark Twain and Henry James are two representatives of the realistic writers in American literature.How is Twain’s realism different form James’s realism?参考答案:I.Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F).(本题共10空，每空1分，共10分)1-5: FFTTT 6-10: FFTTFII.Fill in the blanks.(本题共20小题, 每题1分, 共20分)11.(American) Puritanism12.178313.The American Scholar14.realistic; Mark Twain; Henry James; Jack London; Theodore Dreiser.15.Imagist; Hemingway.16.the classical literature; humanity.17.Romeo and Juliet18.Cavalier; Metaphysical19.heroic couplet20.Henry Fielding21.John Keatsdy Chatterley’s lover; The RainbowIV. Ex pla in the foll owi ng lite rar y ite ms.（本题4小题,每小题5分,共20分）43.Spenserian Stanza: it refers to a verse form created by Edmund Spenser for his poems.Each stanza has nine lines.Each of the first eight lines is in iambic pentameter, and the ninth line is an iambic hexameter line.The rhythm scheme is ababbcbccke Poets: it refers to those English romantic poets at the beginning of th e19th century, William Wordsworth, for example, who lived in the heart of the Lake District in the north-western part of England and enjoyed the experience of living close to nature, and these poets were the older generation of Romantic poets who had been deeply influenced by the French Revolution of 1789 and its effects.In their writings, they described the beautiful scenes and the country people of the area.45.Humanism refers to the literary culture in the Renaissance.Humanists emphasize the capacities of the human mind and the achievements of human culture.Humanism became the central theme of English Renaissance.Thomas More and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists.46.Ballad: a story told in songs, usually in 4-line stanzas, with the second and fourth rhymed. V.Questions.（本题3小题,每小题10分,共30分）47.A: Robinson Crusoe is supposedly based on the real adventure of an Alexander Selkirk who once stayed alone on the uninhabited island for five year4s.Actually, the story is an imagination.B: In Robinson Crusoe, Defoe traces the growth of Robinson from a naïve and artless youth into a shrewd and hardened man, tempered by numerous trials in his eventful life.C.In the novel, Robinson is a real hero and he is an embodiment of the rising middle-class virtues in the mid-eighteenth century England.Robinson is a true empire-builder, a colonizer and a foreign trader, who has the courage and will to face hardships and who has determination to preserve himself and improve his livelihood by struggling against nature.D.Robinson Crusoe is an adventure story very much in the spirit of the time.Because of the above reasons, when it was published, people all liked that story, and it became an immediate success.48.Byronic hero is a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin.With immense superiorityin his passions and powers, this Byronic hero would carry on his shoulders the burden of righting all the wrongs in a corrupt society, and would rise single-handedly against any kind of tyrannical rules wither in government, in religion, or in moral principles with unconquerable wills and inexhaustible energies.The conflict is usually one of rebellious individuals against outworn social systems and conventions.Such a hero appeared in many of his works, for example, "Don Juan".The figure is somewhat modeled on the life and personality of Byron himself, and makes Byron famous both at home and abroad.49.A.Mark Twain’s realism is tainted with local color, preferring to have his won region and people at the forefront of his stories.B.James’s realism is concerned with the “inner world”of man and the international theme.C.Twain’s language is simple and colloquial and he employs humor in his writing.D.James’s language is elaborate and refined with lengthy psychological analyses.。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

I. Choose the one that would best complete the statement below. (30 points, 2 points each)1. ______ is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons.A. BeowulfB. The Canterbury TalesC. Don JuanD. Paradise Lost2. John Dryden called ______ the father of English poetry.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. Edmund SpencerC. John MiltonD. John Donne3. The Merchant of Venice is a ________.A. tragedyB. comedyC. history playD. tragicomedy4. Hamlet faces the dilemma between ______.A. action and mindB. dream and realityC. money and powerD. hate and love5. John Milton’s masterpiece is his ______.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Areopagitica6. Robert Frost is a regional poet in the sense that his poems depict mostly ______.A. the frontier lifeB. The sea adventuresC. the Puritan communityD. New England landscape7. The novel ________ is not written by Henry James.A. The AmbassadorsB. The Wings of the DoveC. The BostoniansD. The Mysterious Stranger8. In the 1920s decade, O’Neill established an international reputation with such plays as ______.A. The Emperor JonesB. Anna ChristieC. The Hairy ApeD. all of the above9. Fitzgerald’s fictional world is the best embodiment of the spirit of the Jazz Age, in which he shows a particular interest in ______ society.A. the middle-classB. the upper-classC. the lower-middle-classD. the working-class10. Apart from the dislocation of time and the modern stream-of-consciousness, the other narrative techniques Faulkner used to construct his stories include ______, symbolism and mythological and biblical allusions.A. impressionismB. expressionismC. multiple points of viewD. first person point of view11. The following are Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies except __________.A. HamletB. OthelloC. Twelfth NightD. King Lear12. __________ is a novella about a young American girl who gets “killed” by the winter in Rome, and it brought Henry James international fame for the first time.A. The AmericanB. The EuropeansC. Daisy MillerD. The Portrait of A lady13. John Donne is the leading figure of ________.A. Lake PoetsB. Graveyard SchoolC. Satanic PoetsD. Metaphysical School14. In Jane Austen’s novels, life and human nature are exposed __________________.A. at moments of crisisB. during the battlesC. in the most trivial incidents of everydayD. through the traveling15. The following writers were awarded Nobel Prize for literature except ________.A. William FaulknerB. F. Scott FitzgeraldC. John SteinbeckD. Ernest HemingwayII. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase. (30 points, 2points each)16. Edmund Spenser’s masterpiece is _________, a great poem of its age.17. Marlowe’s greatest achievement lies in that he perfected _________ and made it the principle medium of English drama.18. As a lexicographer, Samuel Johnson distinguished himself as the author of the first English dictionary by an Englishman: _________, a gigantic task which Johnson undertook single-handedly and finished in over seven years.19. Pope’s An Essay on Criticism is a didactic poem written in _________.20. _________ has been regarded by some as “Father of the English Novel” for his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel.21. Mark Twain preferred to have his own region and people at the forefront of his stories. This particular concern about the local character of a region came about as _____________, a unique variation of American literary realism.22. Pound was the leader of a new movement in Poetry which he called “_________” movement.23. Dreiser broke away form the genteel tradition of literature and dramatized the life in a very _________ way24. One of the most familiar themes in American naturalism is the theme of human _________, especially as an explanation of sexual desire.25. Two major figures of black fiction in America are ________ and Ralph Ellison.26. Apart from Darwinism, the two thinkers whose ideas had the greatest impact on the Modernism period were the German________ and the Austrian Sigmund Freud.27. With the Norman Conquest starts the ________ Period in English Literature.28. Emily Bronte’s masterpiece is ___________29.Ulysses gives an account of man’s life during one day in ________30. In the mid-1950s and early 1960s, there appeared a group of young novelists and playwrights with lower-middle-classor working class background, they demonstrated a particular disillusion over the depressing situation in Britain and launched a bitter protest against the outmoded social and political values in their society. They were known as “_______________”.III. For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it. (18 points, 6 points each)31．“Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st;Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st:So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”32. His father picked the baby up and slapped it to make it breathe and handed it to the old woman.“See, it’s a boy, Nick,” he said. “How do you like being an internee?”Nick said, “All right.” He was looking away so as not to see what his father was doing.33. “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,And sorry I could not travel bothAnd be one traveler, long I stoodAnd looked down one as far as I couldTo where it bent in the undergrowth;”IV. Give brief answers to the following questions. (22 points, 11 points each)34. Why do we say Hawthorne is a master of symbolism? Give at least two examples of symbols from The Scarlet Letter.35. Why is Thomas Hardy often regarded as a transitional writer?期末复习题答案I．1 A 2 A 3 B 4 A 5 A 6.D 7.D 8. D 9. B 10. C 11 C 12 C 13 D 14 C 15 CII．16. The Faerie Queene17. the blank verse 18. A Dictionary of the English Language 19. heroic couplets 20. Henry Fielding 21. local colorism 22. Imagist 23. realistic 24. bestiality25. Richard Wright 26. Karl Marx 27. Medieval 28. Wuthering Heights 29. Dublin 30. The Angry Young ManIII．31. William Shakespeare: Sonnet 18. A nice summer’s day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last forever.32. This is from “Indian Camp,” one of the fourteen short stories collected under the title of In Our Time by Ernest Hemingway.Nick watches his father deliver an Indian woman of a baby by Caesarian section. This incident brings the boy into contact with something that is perplexing and unpleasant, and is actually Nick’s initiation into the pain and violence of birth and death.33．Robert Lee Frost, “The Road not Taken”.The speaker tells us how the course of his life was determined when he came upon two roads that diverged in a wood.IV．34. Hawthorne is a master of symbolism, which he took from the Puritan tradition and bequeathed to American literature in a revivified form.The symbol can be found everywhere in his writing, and his masterpiece provides the most conclusive proof. By using Pearl as a thematic symbol, Hawthorne emphasizes the consequence the sin of adultery has brought to the community and people living in that community. With the scarlet Letter A as the biggest symbol of all, Hawthorne proves himself to be one of the best symbolists. As a key to the whole novel, the letter A takes on different layers of symbolic meanings as the plot develops, but people come up with different interpretations and they do not know which one is definite. The scarlet letter A is ambiguous. And the ambiguity is one of the salient characteristics of Hawthorne’s art.35. Hardy is regarded as a transitional writer not only because he lived at the turn of the century, but more importantly because there is the influence on him from both.He accepted the ideas of Darwin, and was influenced by Spencer, both of which were great thinkers of his time. But in his Wessex novels, there is an apparent nostalgic touch of the primitive rural life, which was gradually disappearing as England marched into an industrial country.So, on the one hand, there is bitter criticism of his towards the social reality in the Victorian age, on the other hand, the belief that man’s fate is predeterminedly tragic colours mysteriously his characters who are always impotent before the half-blind and supernatural force. The conflicts between old and new, between the rural value and the utilitarian commercialism, between social moral and human passion are prints of longings for some better past while living in modern times.。