Unit 3 English study
Teaching important points:
1.Improve students’ reading comprehension.
2.Help students master how to translate some important sentences into Chinese.
Teaching difficult points:
1.Master the key words in the passage.
2.Master how to use some important expressions.
Teaching methods:
1.Fast—reading and care—reading.
2.Ask and answer activities.
Step 1 Answer the following questions:
What shall I do to study English ?
1. A good way to study English is to _______________
2.It is important to _____________________________
Step 2 Show some English proverbs to students.
A man is never too old to learn.
Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.
Where there’s a will, there’s a way.
Step 3 Task 1 Show some pictures to students about xiushui Street. Then let the students read the first paragraph carefully. Fill the blank according to the information from the text and try to translate them into Chinese.
1.They can speak ________in their business to ________commodities and to promote sales.
2.Those who have ever been to Xiushui Market would _______the salesgirls’ perfect English and this highlight also makes Xiushui Market more famous.
3.It is said that most of the salesgirls didn’t ___________________study in a university.
4.Many of them just _____________vocational schools or high schools.
5.They just _____________by themselves and __________what they have learned _______in their jobs ______________
Explain some important expressions to students.
1.recommend sth to sb 把某物推荐给某人
This book is very good, Tom recommended it to me.
2.admire sb for sth因某事而钦佩某人
I admire you for your honesty.
3.have a chance to do sth有机会做某事
It’s my honor to have this chance to attend the English Speech contest. 4.graduate from 毕业于
About two years later, we will graduate from Kuancheng vocational school and go to the university.
5.keep on doing sth 坚持做某事
He kept on doing homework for 2 hours.
6.put ... into practice把.......付诸实践
We should put our ideas into practice.
7.with confidence充满信心
We should face the life with confidence.
Step 4 Task 2 Read the second paragraph and fill in the blank.
1.When we first start to study English, many of us think English is _________.So some of us ______________or even give up.
2.The salesgirls in Xiushui Market ___________us in learning English. Explain some important expressions to students
1.too ...to ...太......而不能
The question is too difficult to answer.
2.lose confidence 失去信心
She lost confidence in life.
3.set a good example to sb 为某人树立好榜样
LeiFeng set a good example to us.
Step 5 Have a rest
Complete the following sentences with correct words
with confidence set a good example to too...to... graduate from ...
1.The child is ____young ____go to school.
2.Our teacher has _________________us in speaking English.
3.You should answer these questions ____________.
4.When did you ______________Kuncheng vocational school ?
Step 6 Homework
1.Remember how to use the useful expressions.
2.Reading the passage after class.
八年级上册英语导学案 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? Period 1 Section A (1a-2c) 知识目标 1. 口、笔头掌握以下句型 -Where did you go on vacation? -I went to the mountains. -Where did Tina go on vacation? -She went to the mountains. -Did you go with anyone? -Yes, I went with my mother. 2.熟练掌握以下词汇：vacation, mountain, special, anyone 技能目标：复习并掌握动词一般过去式的构成规律; 能用一般过去式叙述假期所做的事。情感态度: 通过对过去事情的谈论，增进同学的相互了解。 1. 你能用英语写出下列短语吗？ 呆在家里_________ 去纽约市_________ 拜访我的叔叔_________ 去夏令营_________ 去爬山_________ 去海滩_________ 参观博物馆_________ 买特别的东西_________ 遇见有趣的的人_________ 做有趣的事情_________ II. 回忆并默写出规则动词过去式的变化规则： 1.______________ 2. ______________ 3. ______________ 4. ______________ III. 做调查，问问你的同伴上个暑假都去了哪儿？ -Where did you go on vacation? -I went to … Before listening 1. 小组内交流课前准备1中的短语，并大声朗读三遍
Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister. Section A (1a－1c) 1．重点单词：outgoing，better，loudly，quietly 2．重点句式：Sam has longer hair than Tom. Sam and Tom can play the drums，but Sam plays them better than Tom. That's Tara，isn't it? Tina is taller than Tara.And she also sings more loudly than Tara. 1．形容词比较级的构成及用法 2．能用比较级的基本句型来比较两人之间的不同 1．形容词比较级的构成及用法 2．能用比较级的基本句型来比较两人之间的不同 一、预习课本P17新单词并背诵，完成下面的汉译英。 1．外向____________ 2.较好的____________ 3．大声地____________ 4.轻声的____________ 二、认真预习1a－1c，找出下列句型。 1．萨姆的头发比汤姆的头发长。________________________________________________________________________ 2．萨姆和汤姆会敲鼓，但是萨姆敲得比汤姆好。________________________________________________________________________ 3．那是塔拉，是吗？________________________________________________________________________ 4．蒂娜比塔拉高，而且她唱歌的声音也比塔拉大。 ________________________________________________________________________ Step 1情景导入 Teacher shows some pictures of famous people，then compare the persons with Comparative Forms of Adjectives and Adverbs. 环节说明：通过比较直接引入本节课的学习重点——形容词和副词的比较级。 Step 2完成教材1a—1c的任务 1．学生领读1a中的单词或词组，学生识记单词并用这些单词来写几个描写人物的句子，完成后小组内互相交流。(3分钟) 2．大声朗读图片中的小对话，找出含有比较级的句子，通过例句小组讨论比较级的句子的构成及用法，然后根据教师所给例子总结形容词和副词比较级的变化规则，教师点拨。然后让学生把写的句子改写成比较级的句子。(3分钟) 3．认真观察课本1a中的图片，然后听录音，把1a图片中的几对双胞胎按听到的顺序排序，完成课本上1b的听力任务。(3分钟) 4．结对练习1a图片中的对话，然后根据其他双胞胎的情况来编练新的对话，并请几组同学表演出他们的对话。(5分钟) 参考案例
Unit 1 This is me! Comic strip & Welcome to the unit I. Teaching aims and learning objectives By the end of the lesson, students should be able to: 1. know the two cartoon characters, Eddie and Hobo, and the six students at Sunshine Middle School; 2. greet each other properly in English; 3. introduce oneself to others in English. II. Teaching contents 1. New words and phrases: master, e-dog, good morning/good afternoon/good evening/good night 2. New structures: What’s your name? My name is … Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too. III. Focus o f the lesson and predicted area of difficulty How to introduce each other and greet each other in English. IV. Teaching procedures Comic strip Step 1 Lead-in：Enjoy the video “make friends”. T: Today we’ll learn U nit 1 This is me! Do you like the song in the video? We are now new students at Donglin Middle School, and meet many new classmates. Do you want to make more friends? I’d like you to meet two new friends in our books. Do you want to know them? 【设计意图：由视频再到图片make friends引出不同人物的名字。】 Step 2 Presentation 1. Learn some new words (1) Show some pictures of the two cartoon characters.
仁爱版英语八年级上导学案 Unit 3 Topic 1. I used to enjoy listening to rock music. Section B 学习目标：1.学习used to 结构的肯定是和否定形式。 2.谈论过去与现在不同的兴趣爱好。 3.进一步引导学生培养广泛的兴趣爱好。 学习重难点：used to do sth.的疑问形式和否定形式。 学习方法：合作探究交流共享 自学指导：1.检查P127(55 56)的单词预习情况，(每组派代表板演听写). 2.预习课文1a,大声朗读，圈出1a中的重点和难点句子，在小组内解决。播放 录音，模仿语音语调，且完成1b。 3.看图片做对话，并在小组内展示，完成1c。 4.学生自读课文2a,并回答问题:What does Philip like collecting?且完成2b。 5.小组活动，彼此介绍过去和现在不同的兴趣和爱好，完成3. 教学流程：1.读。 2.疑。 3.展。 4.测。 5.结。 知识点拓展点拨： 1.Pleased to see you. 很高兴见到你。在这一句子中，Pleased 可换成Glad /Nice/Happy. 2.What beautiful stamps.多么美的邮票啊！ 3.of great value =valuable.很有价值 https://www.doczj.com/doc/a88854030.html,ed to do sth.过去常常做某事，be/get used to sth./doing sth. 习惯于某事或做 某事. 5.enjoy/like/love doing sth. 喜欢做某事。 6.all the time=always 总是，一直 7.share…with….与…一起分享… 8.interest n.兴趣，爱好 interesting adj . 有趣的 interested adj. 感兴趣的-----be interested in…对…感兴趣 温馨提示：1. I used to listen to music.的否定形式 I didn’t use to listen to music. or I usedn’t to listen to music. 疑问形式：Did you use to listen to music? 2.动词作主语时，v+ing 或to do形式 Fg. .Collecting stamps must be great fun. = To collect stamps must be fun. 3.What/How 引导的感叹句 a. What+a/an+adj+n(单)！ b.What+adj+n(复)/不可数名词！ c.How+adj+a/an+n(单)！ d.How+adj/adv+主+谓！（主谓可省略） 随堂检测：词汇辨析：interest/interesting/interested 1.The Great Wall is very famous place of _____________. 2.I have a look, and it’s very ________________. 3.Because I like playing basketball, I am _____________in NBA. 单项选择：
一、知识目标 【重点短语】 hold the line=hold on别挂电话answer the phone接电话 practice the violin练习小提琴 take a shower= have a shower =take/ have a bath洗澡 have/take a rest休息 at this time yesterday昨天这个时候do some washing=wash clothes 洗衣服do some cleaning 打扫除 do some + V-ing做些… from… to… +过去时间 从…到…(提示过去进行时) at+时间点+过去时间: …（几点）(提示过去进行时) listen to the radio 听广播 sit on the grass 坐在草地上 visit a museum参观博物馆 give a report 做报告 agree with sb.同意某人(的话或看法) so handsome真帅 be angry with sb.生某人的气 make faces做鬼脸 make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 make sb./sth. +adj.使某人/物… come into the classroom 进教室spend…on sth. 在…上花费…spend… in doing sth.花…做某事 at church 在教堂 holy day 神圣日 be called 被叫做 blue Mondays 蓝色星期一 in the early……的早期too…to…太…以至于不能… = not…enough to do sth. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 solve the problem 解决问题 the beginning of … …的开始 the idea of… …的主意 two-day weekend 两天的周末 nothing serious 没什么严重的 take photos拍照 give sb. a lesson给某人上课
【走进考场】 ( D )1.Peter is good _____ playing football, so he wants to join the football club. A. to B. with C. for D. at ( A )2.--What’s your favorite subject? --_____. And I always get a good grade in the test. A. Physics B. Homework C. Movie D. Concert ( A )3.There are some differences between Tom and Jim _____ they are twin brothers. A. though B. if C. until D. so ( B )4.This is not Tina’s ruler. _____ is longer. A. She’s B. Hers C. She D. Her ( A )5.--How many children do you have, Mrs. Green? --A son and a daughter. And they are ___ students now. A. both B. all C. every D. each ( B )6.I don’t think Henry is _____than Tony. A. much popular B. more popular C. popular D. most popular ( C )7.His funny story made all of them _____. A. laughed B. to laugh C. laugh D. laughs ( D )8.My brother is _____ taller than me. A. very B. too C. so D. much ( B )9.We have many differences, but we also have some things _____. A. in fact B. in common C. as for D. as well ( C )10.--I think Holly should get the job. _____? --I think Ruth is smarter. A. What’s the matter B. What does she do C. What’s your opinion D. What’s it like ( C )11.Simon and Bruce blue eyes. A. has B. have both C. both have D. all have ( A )12.He looks thin, but he is than before. A. thinner B. more thin C. more strong D. stronger ( C )13.Our city is getting . A. beautiful and beautiful B. more and more beautiful C. more beautiful and more beautiful D. much and much beautiful ( A )14.My brother always eats junk food, so he is very A. unhealthy B. healthy C. healthier D. serious ( C )15.Diana is not good at sports Emma. A. much ... than B. very ... as C. so ...as D. as ...so ( A )16.Can we finish the work with time and people? A. less, fewer B. lesser, few C. fewer, less D. little, fewer ( D )17.Dennis is noisy. He talks than his classmates. A. a little B. a lot C. much D. more ( B )18.Which story is , this one or that one? A. much interesting B. more interesting C. very interesting D. too interesting ( A )19.This box is than that one. A. a little heavier B. heavy C. little heavier D. so heavy ( D )20.He his father, and he is good at basketball. A. like, playing B. looks like, play C. likes, playing the D. is like, playing
【课题】 Unit1 How often do you exercise? Section A 1a-1c （1）（1课时） 【学习目标】 1.识记周末活动的词汇和6个频度副词（always, usually, often , sometimes , hardly ever ,never ）。 2.运用周末活动的词汇、频度副词及一般现在时简单谈论周末活动情况。 【重点，难点】 1.对6个频度副词细微差异的理解及使用。 2.弄清一般现在时在不同人称下动词形式及提问的变化。 【导学指导】 知识链接： 问：什么情况下使用一般现在时？ 答：简单讲，当动作经常、反复发生，表达习惯、爱好、客观规律和现在的状态 时需使用一般现在时。 问：一般现在时的基本结构是什么？ 动词原形（当主语不是第三人称单数） 答：主语+ 动词的第三人称单数形式（当主语是第三人称单数时） 问：什么是动词的第三人称单数？什么又是主语的第三人称单数？ 物。 自主互助学习 一、自学： 1.仔细观察课本第一页图片，根据所给例子填写下列空格。 例:Picture a (图a ): shop What is the girl in Picture a doing? She is shopping. Picture b :_______ a book What is the girl in Picture b doing? ______________________________ Picture c :________ ________________________________? ________________________________. Picture d :________ ______ ________________________________? ________________________________. Picture e :________ _______ _______________________________? ________________________________. 2.根据汉语提示，完成下列其他weekend activity (周末活动)短语 。 去购物_______________; 去钓鱼_______________; 去徒步旅行_______________;去看电影______________;去踩滑板_______________;去滑冰________________;去游泳__________________; 打篮球__________________; 弹钢琴______________;看望外祖父母__________________；为考试学习______________; 帮父母做家务__________。 二、展示交流
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? 一、What do parents ask their teenagers to do?（2 x 8） 1. 洗餐具_________________________ 2. 倒垃圾___________________________ 3. 叠衣服_________________________ 4. 扫地___________________________ 5. 铺床_________________________ 6. 打扫厨房__________________________ 7. 带狗出去遛遛____________________ 8. 分担家务_________________________ 二、What do teenagers ask their parents’ permission for? （2x 8） 1. 和朋友外出吃饭_____________________ 2. 使用CD播放机______________________ 3. 晚归________________________ 4. 搭便车____________________________ 5. 和朋友出去玩_______________________ 6. 邀请朋友来参加聚会___________________ 7. 向父母借钱_________________________ 8. 买一些饮料和零食_________________________ 三、other phrases （2 x 8） 1. 惊讶地___________________________ 2. 讨厌做某事__________________________ 3. 把盐递给我_______________________ 4. 有压力_______________________________ 5. 浪费时间__________________________ 6. 做某事是不够的_______________________ 7. 介意做某事________________________ 8. 理解公平的概念________________________ 四、Sentences（3 x 17） 1. —你能借点钱给我吗？—嗯，你要多少？用来做什么？ –________________________ me some money? –Hmm. ___________ do you need? And ___________? 2. —可以至少让我看完这个电视节目吗？—不行。我认为你看两小时电视够多了！ –Could I ___________ finish __________ this show? –No. I think two hours of TV ___________________! 3. 妈妈买完东西随时会回来。如果她看到这么乱会生气的。 Mom will _______________ shopping _________________. And she won’t be happy if _______________. 4. Peter的妈妈得在奶奶来之前打扫好客厅。 Peter’s mom _________________________ before his grandma _______________.
7A Unit 3 Grammar I. Teaching aims and learning objectives By the end of the lesson, students should be able to: 1.distinguish the subject forms of personal pronouns from the object forms; 2.remember all the personal pronouns; 3.express themselves by using personal pronouns correctly. II. Teaching contents 1.Subject form: I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they 2.Object form: me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty How to use the subject form and object form correctly IV. Teaching procedures A Personal pronouns (subject form) Step 1 Lead-in Read a passage and find the personal pronouns in it. T: Hello, boys and girls. Yesterday we learned Reading ‘Welcome to our school’. Do you still remember what the name of Millie’s school is? Yes, it’s Sunshine Middle School. Now Millie is telling us about her
人教版英语八年级上册 答案导学案 集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]
【走进考场】 ( D )1.Peter is good _____ playing football, so he wants to join the football club. A. to B. with C. for D. at ( A )2.--What’s your favorite subject --_____. And I always get a good grade in the test. A. Physics B. Homework C. Movie D. Concert ( A )3.There are some differences between Tom and Jim _____ they are twin brothers. A. though B. if C. until D. so ( B )4.This is not Tina’s ruler. _____ is longer. A. She’s B. Hers C. She D. Her ( A )5.--How many children do you have, Mrs. Green --A son and a daughter. And they are ___ students now. A. both B. all C. every D. each ( B )6.I don’t think Henry is _____than Tony. A. much popular B. more popular C. popular D. most popular ( C )7.His funny story made all of them _____. A. laughed B. to laugh C. laugh D. laughs ( D )8.My brother is _____ taller than me. A. very B. too C. so D. much ( B )9.We have many differences, but we also have some things _____. A. in fact B. in common C. as for D. as well ( C )10.--I think Holly should get the job. _____ --I think Ruth is smarter. A. What’s the matter B. What does she do C. What’s your opinion D. What’s it like ( C )11.Simon and Bruce blue eyes. A. has B. have both C. both have D. all have ( A )12.He looks thin, but he isthan before. A. thinner B. more thin C. more strong D. stronger ( C )13.Our city is getting . A. beautiful and beautiful B. more and more beautiful C. more beautiful and more beautiful D. much and much beautiful ( A )14.My brother always eats junk food, so he is very A. unhealthy B. healthy C. healthier D. serious ( C )15.Diana is notgood at sportsEmma. A. much ... than B. very ... as C. so ...as D. as ...so ( A )16.Can we finish the work withtime andpeople?
【走进考场】 1.Tom is tall. Jim is short.(比较级合并) Tom is Jim. 2.My hair is long. Mary’s hair is longer .(合并成一句) Mary’s hair mine. 3.Pedro is thinner than Sam. (改为同义句) Sam is Pedro. 4.Peter is funny. Paul is funny, too. (合并成一句) Peter is funny Paul. 5.I like singing. Tina likes singing, too. (合并成一句) he I like singing. 6.My brother does well in English.(改为同义句) My brother good English. 7.Both of us enjoy going to parties. (画线部分提问) you enjoy doing? 8.Sue is 16 years old. I’m 16 years old, too. (the same 合并为一句) age. 9.Tom is heavier than any other student in his class.（同义句） Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister. Section B 【学习目标】 1.学习Section B单词 2.分析Section B中重点句子结构并掌握所涉及的知识点 【要点突破】 1.is talented in music译： talented 的词性为形容词，意为，其名词形式为 .常见词组be talented in 意为。 对应练习：翻译句子 科比在篮球方面有天赋。 2.likes to do the same things as me译： the same as 意为，其中same 要与定冠词连用，其反义词组为。 对应练习：翻译句子 ①我的自行车和你的自行车颜色相同。 ②Sue的答案和我的一样。 3.truly cares about me译： (1)truly 的词性为，意为，其形容词形式为 ,意为；其名词形式为 ,意为。 对应练习：翻译句子 这确实施一个绝妙的计划。 (2)care此处的词性为，意为，其相关短语care about 意为，care for 意为。 对应联系：翻译句子 ①她不在意在哪里举办她的生日聚会。 ②他父亲根本不关心他的学习。 ③她日夜照顾生病的母亲。 4.makes me laugh 译：
Unit 3 Language in use 第五课时 学习目标 1、熟练掌握学过的词汇。 2、能够描述自己、家人及朋友如何过生日，并能根据其喜好选择礼物。 3、行为动词（当主语为he , she , it时）一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。 4、能够正确使用频度副词和物主代词。 学习重点 行为动词一般现在时的第三人称单数形式和使用。 学习难点 能够灵活运用行为动词的一般现在时 课前预习 识记下列单词和词组 1. 比赛 2. 电影 3. 歌曲 4. 周末 5. 亲爱的 6.听见 7. 担心的；害怕的8. 不能9. 制作生日蛋糕 10.去看电影11. 收到 使用说明与学法指导 1. 先试着做P52练习3、4， 2. 将预习中不能解决的问题标出来，并写在我的疑问处。 预习自测题 A. 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. These ( match ) are interesting. We all like ( watch )them. 2. Would you like ( drink ) Coke. 3. His little son always ( get ) a lot of presents. 4. He often writes to his d mother. 5. I h from my parents once a month. 6. I’m a I can’t help you. B. 请根据句意选用would you like 或let’s 完成句子。 1. do our home work in the evening. 2. —to play football this Sunday. — Good idea. 3. to drink some milk？ 4. to go to the cinema with me? 我的疑问 课内探究 观察: I alway s listen to music . She usually wears silk shirts . We often make a cake for his birthday . He never plays computer games . 复习思考 在一般现在时中，当主语为I , you , we , they时，谓语动___________ 当主语为he , she , it时，谓语动词用__________________。频度副词在句中放在________________________________。
7 A Unit 3 Welcome to our school The first period: Comic strip& Welcome to the unit Teaching aims: ( 1）、Learn some new words: “Which ,best ,so, biology ,geography ,history, Date ,meeting ,o’clock, OK ,gate” (2）、Learn some new phrases: School Open Day/ the parents’ meeting /at the school gate (3)、Learn some sentence patterns: Which of the subject do you like best? What’s the date today?/ What time is it? Importance & difficulty 1.Talk with the simple present tense. 2. How to master these new phrases. Teaching procedures: Step I Presentaion. In school, there are many subjects. What is your favourite one? Which is your favourite subject? My favourite subject is …. Step II Practise Would you like to play a game to learn about your classmates’ favourite subjects? Let’s do chain work! Please ask the questions one by one. Sample conversation S1:Which of the subject do you like best? S2:I like …best. S1:Why? S2:Because it ….Which subject do you like best? S3:I like…best. S2:Why? S3:Because it…. Step III Presentaion 1The teacher asks：Eddie is a lovely dog. Do you know his favourite subject? Which is his favourite subject? Listen to the tape and answer this question. 2 Act in pairs. 3 Suppose you are Hobo. When you hear Eddie’s words, what do you think of him? What will you say to Eddie? Please continue writing Eddie and Hobo’s conversation. Step IV Presentaion 1The teacher asks：You study at ….Middle School for many days. Do you like your new school? Do you tell your parents about your new school? What do you tell them? Students answer：I like my school. I tell my parents about classmates and sports. 2The teacher says: I am teaching English now. So I am your English teacher. Who is this teacher?
【课题】Unit3 section A 1a-2c ( 1课时) 【学习目标】 1.学习过去进行时的基本结构及典型句型。 What were you doing when the UFO arrived 2.学会简单描述过去发生的事情 3.学会讲简单的故事 【重点、难点】 与when的用法。 2.学习过去进行时的基本结构及典型句型。 【导学指导】 温故知新小组讨论有关UFO 的知识。 自主互助学习 知识剖析：一、词句 1.四会单词.barber ,bathroom, bedroom, kitchen, bought, land ,got,while, alien 2.词组barber shop理发店get out 出去,离开take off 起飞 in front of the library在图书馆前面sleep late 睡过头,起得晚cook dinner 做晚餐 cut hair 理发Museum of Flight航空博物馆get out of the UFO从飞碟里出来 work down 沿着call the police给警察打电话 3. What were you doing when the UFO arrived I was sitting in the barber's chair . 当UFO到达的时候，你正在做什么我正坐在理发店的椅子上。 girl was shopping when the alien got out. While the girl was shopping ,the alien got out.当外星人离去的时候那个女孩正在购物。 boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed. While the boy was walking down the street , the UFO landed. 当UFO着陆时那个男孩正沿着街道走。 二、过去进行时：表示在过去某一时间内正在进行的动作。 构成：was / were + 现在分词（其中was是am、is的过去式，were是are的过去式）. I was doing my homework then . 那时，我正在做作业。 用法：1）过去进行时表现过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。 . She was writing a letter when I came in .我进来时，她正在写封信。 2）过去进行时还表示过去某阶段正在进行的动作。 . They were waiting for you yesterday .他们昨天一直在等你。 ★过去进行时与一般过去时的区别； 过去进行时：表示正在进行的动作。 I was reading a novel last night.昨晚我在看小说。（可能还没有看完） 一般过去时：表示一个完成的动作。 I read a novel last night .昨晚我看了一本小说。（已经看完了） 三、以when和while引导的时间状语从句