大学英语写作实践教学
大学英语《大纲》中明确规定写作是学生应该掌握的技能之一，写作作为英语学习与运用的一个重要组成部分，也是衡量大学生英语综合应用能力的一个重要指标，其重要性不言自明。作为英语学习者如何掌握这一技能，避免差错是非常重要的。对于外语教师而言，只有不断总结经验，帮助学生克服困难，才有利于学生写作技能的提高。
标签：英语；写作；实践；教学
2004年2月，我國大学英语教学改革已全面启动，目标是：提高大学生的英语综合实用能力，使大学生在毕业时都能达到基本听懂英文广播、能进行简单的英语交流和具备一定程度的写作与翻译能力。可以看出，写作是公共大学英语教学过程中的非常重要的内容。因此提高大学生英文写作能力在当前变得十分重要。有效提高学生英语写作能力是大多数英语教师所面临的一项新的任务。
一、学生作文不理想的原因分析
第一，轻视写作。大多数学生和教师误认为只要把四、六级阅读提高上去，写作会自然提高。这在语言学上就是著名的理解力和产出力的差异。第二，英语基础薄弱。主要表现在对基本词汇记忆不清、语法知识掌握不牢及。它包括冠词和不定冠词的滥用、主谓不一致、单复不清楚、时态和语态混乱及词语的各种形式掌握不牢。第三，词汇量太小。除了基础薄弱这个历史原因之外，学生词汇量太小也是一个不容忽视的原因之一，能够正确使用是词汇不到三分之一，对已学词汇运用不熟练。第四，缺乏思想，深度不够。很多虽然已是大二、三的学生，甚至大四的学生，他们在作文当中所表现出的智力水平与阅历似乎只相当于一个初中或高中生写出的文章，缺乏深度。第五，缺乏应试技巧。主要表现为有些学生在篇首或篇尾有喊口号倾向，有一些学生对字数把握不准，不是写得太长就是写得太短。
二、提高大学生英语写作能力的策略
1.了解写作要求：大学英语四级、六级考试中作文都只占总分的15% 而考试委员会给出的大学英语4、6级考试作文评分标准是：14分（切题、表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性好，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错误）；11分（切题，表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误）；8分（基本切题，有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯，语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误）；5分（基本切题，表达思想不清楚，连贯性差，有较多的严重语言错误）；2分（条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或在部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误和最低分的要求）。根据《大学英语课程教学要求》和四、六级考试作文的评分标准，教师应该注意基本功（basic skill）的培养，否则可能影响一部分学生四级、六级的通过率。
1. 成功的四个步骤Four Steps to a Successful Four Steps to a Successful The first time in life? Then grasp your chance with your perfect performance o n the dating night, by learning the following principle in heart. Dress properly. While everyone wants to give an impressive debut on the first date, you should avoid wearing something too bizarre to be accepted. If you are st ill in school, a sportswear can fulfill your purpose. For businessman or grownups, c asual clothes are recommended. Never put up your working uniforms,no matter ho w well you like that Armani suit. It is no work. A few accessories such as a pair o f sunglasses or silver loops on the wrist can add up to the romance sphere. Take a bath before dating. And if you like, spray a little perfume, but unless y ou＇re sure that he or she likes the smell,don＇t use ones that are too strong. Watch your manner. You＇re no prince of the Scotland nor Cinderella in the le gend. Proper manners will ensure a lasting relationship while bad ones scare away your sweetheart. And do make sure you do not boast about your fortune, for, not everyone are green addicts. And your way of smiling, or your greatestoath, should neither be "coy" nor "by St. Loy!" after the nun in Chaucer. Be a little sensitive than merely innocent. Do make sure you do not intrude hi s or her privacy on the first date. For there maybe something deeply concealed wit hin the inner core of every heart, of which the owner doesn＇t share often with an yone but his intimacy. Finally, wish you good luck. May you get your hearts combined and start a ne w journey in the miracle of life and love. Stay tuned till a borderline is reached, an d keep on through out the whole way. 简评看来第一次约会真是令人兴奋并紧张期待的。为第一次约会所提出的建议也是仁者见仁、智者见智。王永同学用词简单、结构精炼，读起来节奏快，例如：“Dress Properly．．．．I f you are still in school，a sportswear can fulfill your purpose．For businessman Or growmups，casual clothes are recommended．”这样的文章结构像是在提醒我们时不我待，要抓住机会，抓紧时间。 2. 我的宿舍生活My Dormitory Life My Dormitory Life Compared with the forty year old shabby dormitory I am living in now, the one I lived in for three years in high school was heaven: three students shared o ne brand new suite with air conditioners and a bathroom. In three years time we changed it thoroughly:the color of the floor turned from bright pink into muddy gray, and the closet a hive of insects proliferating among p
高职院校英语写作教学改革分析 高职院校英语写作教学改革分析本文关键词：教学改革，英语写作，高职院校，分析 高职院校英语写作教学改革分析本文简介：【内容摘要】英语写作课是商务英语专业的职业基础课程。高职院校的学生在毕业后进入职场会发现比较难适应社会和岗位，尤其在职场写作方面。本文通过职场写作与课堂写作的差异比较，希望给高职课堂写作的教学有所启示，帮助学生顺利完成职场人的角色转变。【关键词】课堂写作;职场写作;教学改革一、背景介绍根据学校的统一 高职院校英语写作教学改革分析本文内容： 【内容摘要】英语写作课是商务英语专业的职业基础课程。高职院校的学生在毕业后进入职场会发现比较难适应社会和岗位，尤其在职场写作方面。本文通过职场写作与课堂写作的差异比较，希望给高职课堂写作的教学有所启示，帮助学生顺利完成职场人的角色转变。 【关键词】课堂写作;职场写作;教学改革 一、背景介绍 根据学校的统一安排，2021年2月到7月，笔者到苏州彦合歆商贸有限公司进行企业实践。在苏州彦合歆商贸有限公司实践的六个月中，发现职场写作与平时课堂写作差异较多，如果课堂
教学可以根据职场写作的要求进行适当调整和补充的话，那么作为高职院校的学生将直接受益，可以更快地适应从学生到职场人的角色转变。 二、课堂写作与职场写作差异比较 (一)两者的受众不同，带来表达方式的差异。职场写作的概念比较宽泛。在日常生活中，写汇报、请示、邮件、通知、签呈、留言，甚至小组汇报的工作PPT都是需要写作完成的。职场写作的受众是特定的人群，比如上司、老板、同事和客户等。而课堂写作一般是为了完成教学任务，由教师布置的命题作文，因而受众往往就是命题人———老师或者是同样需要完成任务的同学。在职场写作中，需要考虑受众的逻辑思维，是否可以接收到有效信息，而课堂写作一般会忽略考虑这一点，因为受众非常清楚此命题作文的目的和训练重点。职场写作要考虑选择最适合的表达方式，让受众可以有效地获取信息。想要上司和同事或者客户在最短时间内获取有效信息，选择有效的表达方式。课堂写作已经习惯于文稿，但是职场写作时，可以综合使用微信、留言、电子邮件、PPT、文本等等多种表达方式。 (二)两者的目的不同，带来表达重点的差异。课堂写作的每次练习都是老师为了检查学生是否掌握所学的要点和概念而布置的，针对重难点，老师设计好命题，学生只需要按照命题的要求，完成命题作文就行。而职场写作，每一次的目的都不相同。以汇报工作为例。当制定工作计划后，为了让上司和老板了解你
论大学英语写作中存在的问题及解决的对策【摘要】本文主要讨论大学英语写作中在三个方面普遍存在的问题，即文章结构、内容和语言，并探讨了存在这些问题的原因，进而从写作教学和写作修改两个角度提出了一些相应的解决方法。 【关键词】英语写作；写作教学策略；写作修改 Abstract: This article mainly discusses the problems in College English writing, including the text structure, content and language skills, and researches the causes of those problems, thus puts forward some corresponding solutions to those problems from two perspectives: the teaching and correcting of the writing. Key words: English writing, teaching strategies, correction of writing 写作的优劣主要从三方面进行判断：即内容、结构和语言。如今大学生的英语写作虽然取得了一些成就，但是不管从平时的写作教学还是大学英语四、六级作文来看都存在很多问题，比如内容单调、主题不明确、论点论据支持力不足；文章结构和句子结构欠合理、段落和句子间连接不顺畅；语言方面的问题，比如回避现象、中式英语、语法错误、用词错误等。 究其原因主要反应在以下方面：语言基本功不扎实以及英汉两民族思维模式不同导致的问题，比如文章往往是英语的语言，但是汉语的思
大学英语六级写作经典范文及点评 大学生自我创业已经不是一个新鲜的话题了。那么自我创业有何利，又有何弊呢？看过本文之后你就知道了。或许这对面临毕业的你还是个不小的帮助呢！ Self employment Self employment could bring many advantages. One of the advantages of being self-employed is that the profit the business makes belongs to the owner. If the self-employed person succeeds in business, he has the chance to earn a great deal of money. The profit earned is the reward for the owner’s effort, ability and creativity. Thus, a second advantage is that a person’s intelligence and abilities have a direct effect on the earnings. A third advantage of being self-employed is that a person can control his working hours. While not all self-employed people are completely free, most of them have more control over this area than the salaried people. However, being self-employed is not without problems. First, being one’s own boss places the responsibility directly on that individual shoulders. Everyone has some weaknesses in a certain aspects. These weaknesses will affect how successful a self-employed person is. Second, though the self-employed can earn considerable profits with a successful business, losses can force them out of business and sometimes, place them in debt. A third disadvantage concerns income security. Self-employed people have no guaranteed wage. Their earnings can vary greatly, depending on business conditions. Salaried people, however, can generally count on continued earnings. In addition, salaried people often enjoy fringe benefits that mean greater peace of mind. One of these b enefits may be insurance paid for by the employer that continues the employee’s salary in the event of sickness or accident while many self-employed people do not have such protection①. ［253 words］ 行文点评 文章结构简单明了。第一段阐述了自我创业的3个好处。第二段分析了自我创业所存在的问题。 两段中“first, second, third”的使用，不仅使文章在句式上显得条理分明，更在内容上体现了连贯性。 好文妙译 自我创业
1.段落解释： is a unit of thought composed of sentences,smaller units of thought,that relate to a single topic.Paragraph divisions serve two very useful functions 2.A good paragraph is composed 组成 in such a way that it has : idea with nothing in the paragraph not covered by the topic explores the main idea explicitly and concretely,with 3.第一个写作常识has sound internal structure.The qualities that indicate sound internal structure are unity,coherence,and completeness. 4.怎样做到内容一致An excellent way of achieving unity is by means of the topic sentence.Properly used,the topic sentence forces the writer to adhere to and to sustain the point he is trying to establish 5.标题句① the topic sentence properly used can achieve unity in the paragraph,which indicate the importance of the topic sentence;②the topic sentence 6.第二个写作常识 In short,a good topic sentence has a limited subject and a sharp focus,namely,a good topic sentence is not too general nor too narrow.A topic sentence that is too general requires much more than a paragraph to develop it.A topic sentence that is too narrow leaves little to be said in the rest of the coherence is connection and consistency.A coherent paragraph is one in which all the sentence are related logically and grammatically to make a whole that allows the reader to follow the writer’s train of thought step by step 8．第三个写作常识 Just as topic sentences help readers follow our ideas,other signals also help them understand what we have to say.When we write and when we revise,look for the areas that seem choppy or unconnected—that lack coherence.We can establish better coherence by using the following devices:pronoun reference,repetition ,and in a paragraph means that the topic is adequately developed by details,explanations,definitions,evidences,and the like,so that the reader is not left with only a fuzzy idea of what the writer means 1第四个写作常识：Development of the main idea, then, is like enlarging a photograph to make the details clearer. So, development in the paragraph is as important as unity and coherence between skillful development helps us to stick to our subject and focus and to keep up the sense of oneness. 2Inductive Pattern (归纳法概念)：In developing a paragraph by means of the inductive pattern of reasoning the writer presents particular instances of a like kind and leads them into valid generalization which serves as his topic sentence. 3Deductive Pattern (演绎法概念)：In developing a paragraph by means of the deductive pattern the writer begins with a generalization(the topic sentence) and proceeds with specific elaboration or application of the general idea. 4Inductive-deductive Pattern(归纳演绎法)：As the name indicates, in developing a paragraph by means of inductive-deductive pattern the writer first presents particular instances and a resulting generalization, then applies the generalization to a new instance.5第五个写作常识：Sequences of development are not independent of types of development. The most important sequences of development are general to particular, particular to general, climactic, chronological, and spatial. 6Climactic Sequence (层递顺序)：In a climactic sequence, the most intense or highest point of interest is saved for the final sentence, which may be, but is not necessarily, the topic sentence. 7.Chronological Sequence (时间顺序):A chronological sequence is one in which earlier things precede later things; items are listed in the order in which they occur in time. The most obvious use of a chronological sequence is in telling a story. 8Spatial Sequence (空间顺序)：A spatial sequence is used in descriptions of various types. It starts the reader at a particular point and then moves logically in some direction, from one place to another. 9第六个写作常识：The type of development is the way in which the main idea is supported-by details, definitions, statements of cause and effect, and so on. 10段落展开方式：Among the most important types of paragraph development are development by detail, comparison and contrast, process, classification and partition, cause and effect, definition, and mixed development.
作文范文之大学英语作文及翻译
大学英语作文及翻译 【篇一：大学生活_英语作文】 我的大学生活英语作文 the bright and dark sides of my university life every coin has two sides. on the one hand, i am quite satisfied with my university life. on the other hand, life in my university is not as satisfactory as what we had expected. here is the bright side of my university life: firstly, equipment of my university is advanced and teacher team is powerful. there is an advanced library that owns all kinds of books. so we can acquire a lot of knowledge from my university. secondly, all sorts of lectures are given on campus. we can learn much knowledge that is interesting. thirdly, my campus activities are rich and colorful. such as sports meets, speech contests, different social gatherings and dancing par ties provide opportunities to make friends. what’s more, my dormitory life is very harmonious. dormitory life is an important part of my university life. on the one hand, we can have a good rest and put our heart into study. on the other hand, we will have a good mood and enjoy being together. this is the dark side of my university life: firstly, there is only one dining room in my university. so we often need to wait in a long line, which waste much time. everyday is always fixed cuisine types, which make our appetites depressed. secondly, self-study room is not enough. now we will soon take final exam. so it is difficult to find a self-study room. what’s more, network of my university is very unstable. it is difficult to search
广东省本科高校大学英语写作大赛 大赛介绍 为了进一步深化大学英语教学改革，提高全省大学生的英语应用能力，培养和发现优秀的英语写作人才，广东省大学英语课程教学指导委员会（以下称“省大指委”）在省教育厅的领导下举办本次广东省本科高校大学英语写作大赛。 鉴于英语写作是国际交流与文化传播的重要手段，而写作能力是高校外语教育与人才培养质量的重要体现，也是大学生英语语言能力与人文素养的综合展现，此次写作大赛在省大指委的策划与组织下，将通过全国性的竞赛平台，贯彻国家提高教育质量与培养国际化、创新型人才的精神，推动写作教学创新，提高写作教学水平，培养高素质优秀人才，从而为我省外语教学改革、师资队伍建设、教育质量提升做出积极有力的贡献。 大学英语写作大赛将邀请外语写作教学与测试领域权威专家命题和评阅，涵盖Analytical Writing，Argumentative Writing，Practical Writing，Academic Writing等适用于各种目的或场合的写作类型，确保比赛的专业性、规范性与引领性。 组织机构 主办单位：广东省教育厅、广东省大学英语课程教学指导委员会 合办单位：外语教学与研究出版社、句酷批改网 承办单位：中山大学 参赛资格 广东省具有高等学历教育招生资格的普通高等学校本科在校生。 参赛方式 选拔赛：符合参赛资格的高校学生可直接向本校外语院（系）或大学外语教学部咨询、报名和参加选拔赛。 决赛：获得决赛资格的选手，由所在学校外语院（系）或大学外语教学部向决赛承办单位报名。其中获得特等奖的3名选手继续报名参加全国决赛。 本赛事不接受选手个人直接报名。 参赛注册 从2013年7月5日起，句酷批改网（https://www.doczj.com/doc/a816015378.html,）将开放注册窗口。所有报名参赛的选手和指导教师（每个参赛学校指导教师限3名
大学英语作文论文 1.理论基础 二语学习理论认为，情感因素对学生吸收知识有很大的影响。如果学生对所学知识产生了负面情感，就会阻碍其学习效果。了解学生的情感因素可以帮助我们认识自己的教学方法是否有效，从而根据具体情况对自己的方法进行调整。教师评语给予的方式在一定程度上可以影响学生的学习态度。所以，教师的作文评语不但要在写作方法上对学生进行指导，更重要的是要在学生的学习心理、道德品质、为人处世等诸多方面进行引导，教师要与学生进行平等地对话、耐心地交流，激发学生的写作热情。作文评语不仅反映出教师的评价能力，更能体现教师的教育思想、师德修养、工作态度、教育方法等综合素质。 2.作文评语的激励功能 汪美瑞等指出：“写作(英语写作)是一个不断挖掘深化，不断修改提高的过程”。可是，目前大多数教师仅仅批改学生作文并给出相应的分数或等级，而不要求进一步修改。而有些英语作文水平相近的学生经过一段时间后出现好坏相差甚大的分化现象，甚至可能出现学习能力差的学生大大超过学习能力强的学生。究其原因，激励因素起了很大的作用。行为科学认为，每个人都有一定目标，都有一种没有得到满足的需要，而调动人的积极性是实现这些目标的有效办法。激励力量的大小取决于目标效价和期望概率的乘积。
目标效价越高，实现的可能性越大，激励的力量也越大，反之亦然。所以，激励应该是教育最基本的功能。 注重对学生的诱导，“为学生改易文稿，令探索所以改易之故，此一举尤堪称美。”在大力推行素质教育的今天，教师的评价语言更应该以激励为主，使学生能揣摩到教师的良苦用心，从而引导学生感悟生活中的真、善、美，而不是一味地指责、挑刺。总之，老师的评语要用热情的语言激发学生的写作热情，调动他们的写作积极性，即使对于比较差的作文，也要看到学生在作文上所取得的进步，给予适当的表扬。 3.作文评语的新思路 在实际操作中，应改变由教师全评的单一传统模式，让学生参与作文评改，采用灵活多样的方法，使作文评改形成一个有效的循环反馈机制。因此，教师在批改作文时，不必纠正每一处错误，严重的错误只要标出，集中解决即可，有些错误可以让学生共同参与修改。培养学生互相支持和尊重的良好习惯。 3.1 学生自主修改 叶圣陶认为“改与作关系密切，’改’的优先权应该属于作文的本人。”让学生自己修改能最大限度地发挥学生的主观能动性，使他们从错误中获得进步，逐步培养他们的自信心、成就感，增强学习的积极性。因此，改正作文错误的方式要以学生为中心来进行，
大学英语A/统考——写作（51套范文） 1 Pollution is becoming more and more serious all over the world, and people's health is threatened. How to solve this problem remains one of the most important issues for each country. Write an essay on the topic "The Problem of Pollution". You should base your essay on the following outline. 1. 全球污染现象变得日益严重。 2. 全世界人民都非常关注这一现象。各国政府也采取了一定的措施来解决这一问题。 3. 我们应该怎么做。 I read a piece of news recently. It says that in Japan many businessmen are selling fresh air to customers, and now it is becoming increasingly popular. Why? Fresh air is getting less and less in Japan, and so is it in the U. S. A., China, India, etc. In fact, environmental pollution is a very serious problem the whole world is facing. It is largely caused by the waste products released from artificial substances, industrial production and increased consumption of goods. Besides, the use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes environmental pollution. Look at the sky, you can see that dense smoke is being released from the high and big chimneys; those dirty and poisonous substances are flowing into the rivers that we use for drinking water and millions of tons of waste products are heaping around us. Indeed, the earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our descendants. In my opinion, we should work out concrete solutions to the problem of pollution For example, poisonous gas given off by automobiles should be controlled by equipping them with a device which can dispose of waste gas so as to prevent it from polluting air. 2 Everyone in the world needs friendship. When he is happy, his friend can share his happiness; when he is in trouble, his friend can lend him a hand. Write an essay on the topic "My Ideal Friend". You should base your essay on the following outline. 1. 你心目中理想的朋友是什么样的。 2. 现实生活中你是否有这样的朋友以及你如何获得这样一个朋友。 3. 和好朋友相处应该注意哪些。 Friendship is the most valuable to every one in the world. As far as I am concerned, friends will make my life more colorful and meaningful. However, there are a great variety of friends, with whom we have to make
十句作文范文背诵 原因篇 作文要求考生对某社会现象或社会问题进行解释。 Sample 1: Why College Students Take a Part-Time Job 1.最近几年越来越多的大学生加入打工的队伍 2. 为什么大学生要打工 3. 大学生打工 的意义 (1) According to a recent survey, about 25 percent of Chinese college students now hold a part-time or temporary job, compared with nearly none 10 years ago, and this figure increases to 72 percent during summer vacation. (2) College students are seen waiting on tables, clerking in stores, advertising in streets, teaching in families and doing whatever work they can find. (3) Why do they want odd jobs – jobs usually requiring little skill and knowledge? (4) The primary reason, I think, is money. (5) Feeling the pressure of soaring inflation as books, movies and bus fares have all gone up in price, there is scarcely a young boy or girl who does not want to earn a little money to help cover the increasingly higher college costs, and at best save enough to go travelling or buy things they have long desired. (6) In this way they hope to be economically independent and avoid the indignity of having to ask for money again and again. (7) Besides they want to gain some experience in the ways of society. (8) Students growing up from nursery school to college only know about books and have trouble dealing with realities. (9) Working on a part-time basis can provide them with a rare opportunity to know the outside world and prepare them for a future career. (10) The significance for college students of doing a part-time job means more than money and experience: It will broaden their outlook and exert a profound influence on their personality and life. 理由篇 叙述理由和分析原因是属于同一类型的英语议论文。所不同的是后者是解释某一社会现象或社会问题，而前者则解释写作者——我，为什么要干某事或不干某事。 Sample 1: The Most Unforgettable Person I Ever Knew 1. 我生活中最难以忘怀的人是…… 2. 为什么他（或她）一直在我心中 3. 结论 (1) In my life I have met many people who are really worth recalling. (2) But perhaps the most unforgettable person I ever knew is my Chinese language teacher. (3) What frequently brings back memories of my school teacher is his special qualities. (4) First of all, I was attracted by his lively wit. (5) I remember that we students always anticipated his class with great eagerness because his lecture were humorously delivered, never failing to provoke chuckles or loud laughs. (6) Second, he gave us the greatest gift a teacher can offer – an awakening of a passion for learning. (7) He not only led us to an appreciation of the beauty and perfection of Chinese and literature, but also aroused our great interest in exploring something deeper in this field. (8) Finally, I was deeply impressed by the respect he showed for us. (9) As he treated us like friends rather than students, we all liked to visit his home for social activities as well as for academic advice.