高一英语动名词练习题(含答案)
动名词专项练习题
Ⅰ、单项选择：
1.No one enjoys _______ at.
A. laughing
B. to laugh
C. being laughed
D. to be laughed
2.You must do something to prevent your house _______.
A. to be broken in
B. from being broken in
C. to break in
D. from breaking in
3.They insisted on _______ another chance to try.
A. given
B. giving
C. being given
D. to be given
4. --- Where is my passport? I remember _______ it here.
--- You shouldn't have left it here. Remember _______ it with you all the time.
A. to put；to take
B. putting；taking
C. putting；to take
D. to put；taking
5.His room needs _______, so he must have it _______.
A. painting；painted
B. painted；painting
C. painting；painting
D. painted；painted
6.After finishing his homework he went on _______ a letter to his parents.
A. write
B. writing
C. wrote
D. to write
7.The young trees we planted last week require _______ with great care.
A. looking after
B. to look after
C. to be looked after
D. taken good care of
8.Only _______ English doesn't mean _______ the language.
A. to learn；to learn
B. learning；learning
C. learning about；learn
D. learning about；learning 9.She returned home only to find the door open and something _______.
A. missed
B. to be missing
C. missing
D. to be missed
10.She decided to devote herself _______ the problem of old age.
A. to study
B. studying
C. to studying
D. study
11.Remember _______ the newspaper when you have finished it.
A. putting back
B. put back
C. to put back
D. be put back
12.As she is looking forward to _______ from me, please remember _______ this letter on your way to school. A. hear；post B. hearing；to post C. be
heard；posting D. be hearing；to posting
13.Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble _______ your handwriting.
A. to read
B. to see
C. reading C. in seeing
14.Writing stories and articles _______ what I enjoy most.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
15.We appreciate _______ us to the ball.
A. them to invite
B. to invite
C. their inviting
D. being invited
16.Would you mind _______ quiet for a moment? I'm trying _______ a form.
A. keeping；filling out
B. to keep；to fill out
C. keeping；to fill out
D. to keep；filling out
17.He was afraid _______ for being late.
A. of seeing
B. of being seen
C. to be seen
D. to have seen
18.I'd like to suggest _______ the meeting till next week.
A. to put off
B. putting off
C. put off
D. to be put off
19.I don't see how I could possibly manage _______ the work without _______.
A. finish；helping
B. to finish；being helped
C. finishing；helping
D. finishing；being helped
20. Anything worth _______ is worthy of _______ well.
A. doing；being done
B. doing；doing
C. to be done；to be done
D. to be done；being done
21. We advised them to take a rest, but they insisted _______ the work.
A. finish
B. to finish
C. in finishing
D. on finishing
22. I delayed _______ your letter because I had been away for a week.
A. answer
B. answering
C. writing
D. to post
23. The thief drove as fast as he could to escape _______ by the police.
A. to be caught
B. be caught
C. being caught
D. catching
24. I searched for my wallet and it wasn't there. At first,
I thought I _______ it at home. Then I remembered _______ it out to pay for the taxi.
A. must have left；to take
B. may leave；taking
C. might leave；to take
D. could have left；taking
单项选择（20分） 16. He bought a knife and fork ________. A. to eat B. to eat with C. for eating D. to eat by 17. The little village which lies __________ the railway for 20 miles is ___________ the great man was born. A. off; where B. at; when C. to; how D. by; why 18. The window which hasn’t been cleaned for at least 3 weeks requires ____. Who’d like to take the job? A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned 19. Everyone present at the meeting agreed to stick to the _____ that everyone should be treated fairly. A. purpose B. ambition C. principle D. level 20. After the war, that country _______ their defense works in case of the next unexpected attack. A. raised B. strengthened C. increased D. powered 21. Great efforts have been ____to improve people’s living conditions in China in the past two years. A. got B. won C. made D. did 22. When he came back with plenty of money, his father ______ three days before. A. had died B. was dead C. died D. had been dead 23. The fire was finally ______ after the building had ______ for two hours. A. put off; caught fire B. put away; been on fire C. put out; caught fire D. put out; been on fire 24. He did everything he could _______ the old man. A. to save B. save C. saving D saved 25.—Shall I give you a hand with this as you are so busy now? —Thank you.__________ A. Of course you can B. If you like C. it’s up to you D. It couldn’t be better 26. Everyone has periods in their lives _____ everything seems very hard. A. when B. where C. which D. that 27. When he heard the news, he hurried home,______ the book ______ on the desk. A. leaving; lying open B. to leave; lying open C. left; lying open D. leaving; lying opened 28. Who do you think he would _____ a letter of congratulation to our monitor? A. have written B. have to write C. have write D. have been writing 29. Taiyuan, _____ in the centre of Shanxi province is a most beautiful city. A. located B. to locate C. locate D. locating 30. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _____Chinese in the school, most____were from Germany. A. study, of whom B. study, of them C. studying, of them D. studying, of whom 31. Hurricane brought down a great number of houses, _____ thousands of people homeless. A. to make B. making C. made D. having made
何时用不定式何时用分词和动名词 Ⅰ.动名词和不定式做主语的相同点 1.不定式短语和动名词做主语时，常常为了保持句子的平衡，用it来做形式主语，如： It is not easy to learn English well. It is no use asking him for help. 2.如果主语用了不定式,表语和宾语也要用不定式;主语用了动名词,表语和宾语也要用动名词,这在英语中称为对称性,如: To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. (眼见为实) (85)It is better to stay home than _A__ out. A. to go B. going C. go D. gone Ⅱ.动名词和不定式做主语的不同点 1.不定式做主语常表示具体的某一动作;表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念时,多用动名词,如: (92)_B_ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk 2.在”There/It +be+ no use(good/help/need)”之后常用动名词做主语,而少用不定式,如: It /There is no use crying over the split milk. It /There is no help taking this medicine. ★但是如果该句型中用了for引出不定式的逻辑主语,就只能用不定式,如: (93) There is no good for us to do that exercise. 3.不定式可以和when, where, how, what, whether等连用,在句子中做主语,宾语和表语,而动名词则不能,如: How to solve the problem is a hot potato. Where to put the box seems hard to decide. Whether to do it hasn’t been decided. What to do next is up to you. 时态、语态及其基本用法 A. 不定式 1．不定式的时态、语态有三种形式：①一般式，如，to write / to be written ;②进行式，如，to be writing / to have been writing;③完成式，如，to have written / to have been written 。 2．基本用法 ①不定式的一般式，表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时也发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后。如： He seems to know this.(=It seems that he knows this.) I hope to see you again.(=I hope that I’ll see you again.) He doesn’t like to be laughed at. (=He doesn’t like that he is being laughed at.) ②不定式的进行式，表示不定式的动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。如： When the mother went into the room, the boy pretended to be sleeping. (=… , the boy pretended that he was sleeping .) I heard the English song being sung by him. (=I heard that the English song was being sung by him.) ③．不定式的完成式，表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。如： I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. (= I am sorry that I kept you waiting so long. ) Having been well written, the book was translated into many languages. (=Because it had been well written, …) B. 分词 1.只有现在分词才有时态和语态形式的变化。现在分词的时态、语态有两种形式：①一般式，如，doing / being done;
高一英语期末试卷 第I卷 (共75分) I. 单项填空(共20小题, 20分) 1. Three score and eight is ________ . A. 68 B. 58 C. 48 D. 38 2. The students in that class often help ________ . A. each other B. one other C. one after another D. each one 3. There are ________ many bikes of the same color that I could hardly pick out mine from them . A. very B. quite C. so D. such 4. The passengers should wait in ________ when they want to get on the plane . A. this way B. line C. danger D. hope 5. The gestures (手势) are _______ both by Chinese and foreigners as _______ the same meaning . A. accepted ; having B. accepted ; to have C. received ; having D. received ; to have 6. he _______ the importance to master a foreign language in our work . A. pointed out B. work out C. pointed to D. turned to 7. ---_____ it be Li Ping who broke the glass ? --- No. It ______ be Wu Dong who did it . A. Can , must B. Must , Can C. Must , Must D. May , need
动名词 语法图解 探究发现 ①Playing with fire is dangerous. ②It is no good learning a theory without practice. ③Others try to create advertisements that people simply enjoy looking a t. ④The classic advertisement is one that gives information about finding certain products. ⑤ ... a lot of money is spending on applying modern techniques of design to make these advertisements as visually attractive as possible. ⑥His hobby is watching football games. ⑦For example, it could be “Shanghai Sewing Machine” ... [我的发现] (1)句①和句②均为动名词作主语，只不过句②先用it作形式主语，真正主语动名词短语后置。 (2)句③、句④和句⑤均是动名词作宾语，句③中动名词作动词宾语，句④和句⑤中动名词作介词宾语。 (3)句⑥中动名词作表语；句⑦中动名词作定语，说明被修饰名词的用途。 一、动名词的定义 动名词是动词的另一种非谓语形式。动名词具有名词和动词的特征。 二、动名词的基本形式 动名词由动词原形加词尾-ing构成，与现在分词形式相同。动名词具有时态和语态的变化，现以learn 为例列表如下： 主动语态被动语态 一般式learning being learned 完成式having learned having been learned 1.动名词的一般式。 结构：主动用doing；被动用being done 动名词的一般式可以表示没有时间先后的动作，即没有明确过去、现在或将来的动作；也可以表示发生在谓语动词之前的动作；有时还可指发生在谓语动词之后的动作。 Going to bed early and rising early is a good habit. 早睡早起是个好习惯。(没有明确的时间) I don’t remember ever meeting you somewhere. 我不记得原来在什么地方见过你。(发生在谓语动词之前) Doctors advise giving up smoking. 医生建议戒烟。(发生在谓语动词之后) 2．动名词的完成式：表示动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
习题精选---分词用法: 1．He told me about the things ＿＿＿at the meeting．(discuss) 2．A metal ＿＿＿uranium gives off a kind of radiation．(call) 3．The water in this glass is too hot．I prefer some cold ＿＿＿water．(boil) 4．The problem just ＿＿＿is an important one．(refer to) 5．The story was so ＿＿＿that all of us were ＿＿＿to tears．(move) 6．When I entered the theatre, I saw him ＿＿＿in the first row．(seat) 7．I found my daughter quite ＿＿＿in drawing．(interest) 8．He had his leg ＿＿＿in the football match yesterday．(break) 9．If you have a book in front of your face, you can feel the air ＿＿＿against your face．(move) 10．With the job＿＿＿, they went to the cinema．(do) 11．With the boy ＿＿＿the way, the soldiers managed to walk through the forest．(lead) 12．Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word＿＿＿．(speak) 13．She was very glad to see her child well ＿＿＿．(take care of) 答案：1. discussed 2.called 3.boiled 4. refferred to 6.seated 7. interested 8 broken 9 moving 10 done 11 leading 12 spoken 13 taken care of 1.The boy went to the ball,＿like a pretty girl.(dress) 2.＿in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.(dress) 3. The film was made＿on a true old story.(base) 4. When＿,the museum will be open to the public next year.(complete) 5.＿to his research, he almost forgot everything.(devote) 6. ＿his attention on his novel, he didn’t notice the teacher coming.(fix) 7.＿on his novel, he didn’t notice the teacher coming.(fix) 8.The old engineer talked of the difficulty they ＿the tower.(build) 9. ＿such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.(suffer) 10.＿the past, our life is becoming much better.(compare with) 11. The boy was last seen ＿near the East Lake.(play) 12.Tom was very unhappy for ＿to the party.(invite) 13.When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door ＿“Sorry to miss you; will call later.” (read) 14. We went to see him yesterday evening, ＿him away.(find) 15. ＿of plastics, the machines are easy to carry.(make) 答案: 1 dressed 2. Dressed 3 based 4 completed 5 Devoted 6 Fixing 7 Fixed 8 had building 9 Having suffered 10 Compared with 11 playing 12 not having been invited 13 reading 14 only to find 15 Made
动名词和现在分词的区别 如果你只想知道动名词和现在分词如何区分的话我给你一个例子sleeping baby reading room 这 里sleeping是现在分词，因为sleeping=baby is sleeping,sleeping显然是个分词；而reading room 不等同于room is reading,所以reading是动名词 动名词在形式上，和现在分词相同，然而现在分词具有形容词或副词的特点； 而动名词具有名词的特点。因此在句子中可用作主语、表语、宾语或介词的宾语。例如：Working with you is a pleasure. 和你一起工作是一种乐趣。（主语） Seeing is believing.眼见为实。（主语） Another goal was ending the chaos in the country. 另一个目标是结束国家的混乱状态。（表语） What he got in his mind was walking all the way to town.他心中的想的办法是一路步行进城。（表语） My job is teaching.我的工作是教学。（表语） To keep money that you have found is stealing.私藏拾到的钱等于偷窃。（表语） Her shoes wants mending. 她的鞋该修理了。（宾语） I have finished writing this book.我已经写完这本书了。(宾语) She left without saying good-bye to us.她没有向我们告别就走了。（介词宾语） My brother is fond of skating. 我弟弟喜欢滑冰。（介词宾语） Thank you for giving me some help. 谢谢你给我些帮助。(介词宾语) 由于动名词是动词的一种形式，因此动名词也具有动词的一些特征。动名词可以带直接宾语；可以被副词修饰。例如： My hobby is collecting stamps. 我的爱好是集邮。(stamps是动名词collecting的宾语) Meeting you has been a great pleasure.见到你是件很快乐的事。（you是动名词meeting的宾语）I like driving fast. 我喜欢开快车。（副词fast修饰动名词driving） 动名词还有几种形式： 主动形式
I. Listening Comprehension (20%) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a restaurant. B. At home. C. In an office. D. In a classroom. 2. A. He never trusts Christine. B. He believes that Christine is telling the truth this time. C. He is not sure if Christine is telling the truth this time. D. He knows that Christine is lying this time. 3. A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 4. A. Plan how to use her time. B. Spare some time to rest. C. Have the final exam. D. Take part in a competition. 5. A. Husband and wife. B. Boss and employee. C. Colleagues. D. Mother and son. 6. A. Have a rest. B. Clean the bedroom. C. Clean the study room. D. Clean the bathroom. 7. A. At 8:00 pm. B. At 9:00 pm. C. At 11:00 pm. D. At 10:00 pm. 8. A. Jenny. B. Jack. C. John. D. Andrew. 9. A. Watching TV. B. Predicting the weather. C. Playing a cell phone. D. Criticizing his daughter. 10. A. She is happy about the news. B. She is sad about the news. C. She is not interested in the news at all. D. She doesn’t believe the news is true. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 12. A. Read books. B. Learn a new language. C. Take part in the local goings-on. D. Immerse yourself into the new culture.
分词的用法及练习 1 The story is interesting . I’m interested in it . 这个故事有兴趣，我对这个故事感兴趣。 2 . This is a moving film . 这是一部动人的电影。 3. The secretary worked late into the night , preparing a long speech for the president . 秘书工作到深夜，为主席准备一篇长篇演讲稿。 4. Given more time , I’ll do it well . 如果给我多一点时间，我会做的更好。 When he passed the back of the street , he saw the thief stealing some money from the bank . 当他后街时，看到小偷正从银行偷钱。 应注意的几个问题： 1．现在分词与过去分词的区别 Do you know the woman talking to Tom ? = Do you know the woman who is talking to Tom ? The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor. = The soldier who was wounded in the war has become a doctor. China is a developing country and America is a developed country. 2．分词作表语 The news sounds encouraging . They got very excited . 1）现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别： The news is interesting . He is interested in the news . doing 作表语，主语与表语是主谓关系；done 作表语，主语与表语是动宾关系。 2）表语与被动式的区别： The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming .（强调动作） The blackboard is broken . You’d better have it repaired.（强调状态） 3）常作表语的过去分词： amused , injured , covered , known , dressed , lost , broken , gone , delighted, excited , pleased , satisfied , married , worried , surprised , interested , burnt , shut , crowded , wounded , drank , done 3．现在分词、动名词现在进行时的区别 The situation in our country is encouraging . (表语) The situation in our country is encouraging the people . ( 现在进行时) My job is looking after the little baby . (动名词) 能回答how-question 的是现在分词，能回答what-question 的动名词，即不能回答how-question 也不能回答what-question 的是现在进行时。 例如： How is the situation in our country ? It is encouraging . What is your job ? My job is looking after the little baby . 4．注意的四种结构：
现在分词和动名词的区别 动名词和现在分词：都由动词变化而来，仍然具有动词的性质和原义，但不能做动词使用。 两者的区别主要表现在： 1. –ing在句中作定语，它可能是现在分词，也可能是动名词 动名词作定语时：说明被修饰的名词的用途（可以用“use for +动名词”这个结构代替），它和所修饰的名词在逻辑上没有主谓关系； 现在分词作定语时：表示它所修饰的名词的行为，和它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系（可以扩展为定语从句）； 还有一种区别方法是： 如果ing形式相当于一个名词，可以与主语交换位置，它就是动名词； 如果ing形式相当于形容词，不能与主语交换位置，它就是现在分词。 a sleeping car = a car used for sleeping 一节卧车车厢（sleeping此处为动名词）； a sleeping child = a child who is sleeping 一个睡着的孩子（sleeping此处为现在分词） 2. 动名词具有名词的性质： （1）可以和名词一样有冠词或this、some等形容词 A knocking at the door was heard. （2）可以和名词一样有所有格、复数形式 He enjoys reading for reading’s sake, not for scholarship. He is so busy that I cannot keep track of all his comings and goings. （3）可以带所有格以表明动作者 Please excuse my coming late. 3. “动名词+名词”和“现在分词+名词”的读音不同 “动名词+名词”的重音在“动名词”上（a ‘sleeping suit） “现在分词+名词”的重音在“名词”上（a sleeping ‘child） 4. 动名词用法的特殊情况 ①No+动名词——用于简短的禁令或禁律 No smoking=Don’t do=Don’t smoke. ②There is no+-ing（…是不可能的）= It is impossible to= No one can (or We cannot) There is no telling when lasting peace will come. 谁也不知道永久的和平何时到来 ③Never (or not) … without + -ing （每次…都…）= whenever He never comes without bringing some present. ④It goes without saying that（…是不用说的）= It is needless to say that It goes without saying that no animal can live without breathing. ⑤Do+动名词（做需要若干时间或一再重复的事情），动名词之前都由the、所有
高一英语试题 （命；荣） 明： 1.本内容牛津高中英（模一）第一元内容。 2. 本分卷一和卷二两部分。共七大，86 小， 7 。分150 分，考 100 分。 3.卷一用 2B 笔填涂在答案上，卷二非答案直接写在上。 卷一（，三大，共75 分） 一．填空（共15 小，每小 1 分， 15 分）。 从 A 、 B、 C、 D 四个中，出可以填入空白的最佳。 1.“ I am sorry I broke your mirror . ” “ Oh, really ? ____B____. ” A. It s’ok with me. B. It doesn ’tmatter . C. Don ’tbe sorry. D. I don ’tcare. 2.___A_____ it is to jump into a river on a hot summer day ! A. what fun B. how fun C. what a fun D. what funny 3. After ____B__ , he realized that he was wrong in doing that . A. sometimes B. some time C. sometime D. some times 4. I, ___D____ your good friend , will try my best to help you out . A. who ,is B. which ,is C. that ,is D. who , am 5. Who can think of a situation ___C_____this word can be used ? A. which B. that C. where D. in that 6. The doctor advised Tom strongly that he should take a holiday ,but ___A____ didn ’thelp. A. it B. who C. which D. he 7.Can you believe that in ___B___ a rich country there should be ______ many poor people ? A. such ,such B. such ,so C. so ,so D. so ,such 8.The way you thought of ___B______ the work is very good . A. doing B. to do C. that do D. which to do 9.I’ll remember the time ___C____ we spent together in the country . A. when B. at which C. that D. during which 10.Rencently I bought an ancient vase , ____B___ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of that 11.It’s a long trip and we ’ll have to ___A____ early tomorrow morning . A. start off B. go off C. take off D. put off 12.John ____D___ the office as he was passing ,but Mary was out . A. called for B. called up C. called on D. called at 13.You can ___A___ us in the discussion if you ______. A. join ,wish to B. join in ,want to C. attend , don’twant to D. take part in , hope so 14.____B___ the internet is bridging the distance between people ,it may also be breaking some homes or will cause other family problems. while引步状从句，意思是然。。。但是，尽管??但是多放于句首A. when B. while C. as D. if
过去分词 1. His study was a mess with lots of books and magazines __________up everywhere. A. to pile B. having piled C. piled D. to be piled 2. _______ of current news, whether it is domestics or overseas, is his daily routine. A. Being informed B. Informed C. Informing D. Having been informed 3. —Where does your little daughter want to go during her holiday ? —She is always looking forward to _____ to the Wu Yi Mountain. A. take B. taking C. being taken D. be taken 4. _________ in the northwest of China, Xi'an is seen as the birthplace of the country's civilization. A. Locating B. Being located C. To locate D. Located 5. ________ with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend hours going from one dress on another before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. A. Having faced B. Faced C. To face D. Facing 6. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain __________ until the plane has come to a complete stop. A. seated B. seating C. to seat D. seat 7. E-shopping, when properly______,can save us a lot of time and energy. A. being done B. is done C. doing D. done 8. ______ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated 9. —Who will ask Mr. Finkelstein to keep his dangerous dog in his house or ______? —I will give it a go. He often listens. A. tied up B. tying up C. to tie up D. tie up 10. Hearing the son paid little attention to the marriage and _________ he remained _________with his work, the mother was quite anxious if he could find a girlfriend. A. /, occupied B. that, to be occupied C. /, to be occupied D. that, occupied
英语中的动名词是由动词变化而来，它仍一方面保留着动词的某些特征，具有动词的某些变化形式，用以表达名词所不能表达的较为复杂的意念，另一方面动名词在句子的用法及功能类同与名词：在句子可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。它也可以被副词修饰或者支配宾语。 例如：They run into constant discrimination in trying to find a job or friend. 在寻找工作和结交朋友方面，他们不断地遇到歧视。 Living in gigs means having one room in someone's house. 寄居的意思是在别人的家里借住一间房间。 附：动名词用法口诀： 动名词常泛指，句法作用宾/表/定与主，时态/语态之形式，一般/完成/被动式。Being done 系被动，不含任何进行意。用作主语请留意，常用it作形式主语，不指未来发生事，表达的信息系已知。用作表语请记清，作用相当一名词，检验方法很简单，主与表换位能成立。用作定语也易辩，表示名词之用途。用作宾语稍复杂，关键留意谓语动词（跟动名词作宾语的常用动词附后），时态同谓动作比较，先于谓动用完成式，其逻辑主语不固定，在句中/句外均有之。否定式其前加not，复合式其前加物主词，非句首宾格词也可用，尤其口语中更如此。 说明：1、主-----主语2、宾-----宾语3、表------表语4、定------定语5、谓动---谓语动词 形式（一般式，完成式和被动式）(1) 动名词的一般式: doing 所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，或在谓语动词表示的动作之后。 如：We are very interested in collecting stamps. 我们对集邮很感兴趣。 His coming will be of great help to us. 他来对我们大有帮助。 但是有些明确表示时间的动词和介词after,on,upon,或for之后，常用一般式代替完成式，表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。 如：I shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for the first time. 我永远不会忘记第一次看到长城的情景。 On hearing that bad news,the mother couldn’t help crying. 一听到这个糟糕的消息，母亲就禁不住哭了起来。 Excuse me for coming late. 我来晚了，请原谅。 Thank you for giving us so much help. 谢谢你给了我们这么多帮助。 (2) 动名词的完成式: having done 所表示的动作或状态在谓语动词之前完成或结束。 He regrets not having taken part in the work. 他后悔没有参加这项工作。 We were praised for having finished the work ahead of time. 我们因提前完成了这项工作而受到了表扬。 (3) 动名词的被动式：being done 当动名词的逻辑主语是行为承受者时，用被动语态。 如：I like being given harder work. 我喜欢接受难点的工作。 She is proud of being admitted into the university. 她为被大学录取而感到自豪。 The meeting was put off without his having been consulted. 会议延期并未和他商量。 He doesn’t mind having been criticized. 他不介意过去受到的批评。