练习语气语调的方法
情动于内、生发于外：情是内涵、声是形式，声是为传情而发的，请是内在的一、播音员必须学会驾驭自己的声音。掌握正确的发生方法、掌握理论知识、要有练功的毅力。一、播音员需要什么样的声音。广播内容是通过播音员声音送达到听众耳中，要听众感到真实可信，播音员用声，必须朴实自然。为了满足传情达意的需要，播音员的声音必须副有活力、色彩鲜明、变化自如。播音大忌：发出无意制胜、无情之声、僵带不变之声。播音发声的美是有助于传情达意的美，但我们决不能离开传情达意的要求去追求某中固定的美声。对播音员要求：准确规范、清晰流畅、圆润集中、朴实明朗、刚柔并济、虚实结合、色彩丰富、变化自如：1．准确规范、清晰流畅：播音员是群总的语音教师必须规范，不能垒块、蹦字，多读文学作品、散文让声音自然。2．圆润集中、朴实明朗：对声音色彩基本要求，播音员声音要润泽不干涩，吐字要玉润珠圆、声音不散、字音不瘪3．刚柔并济、虚实结合：发音吐字要有韧性、弹性能刚能柔、有虚有实。由于性格、性别不同，男生偏刚健、女生偏柔美4．色彩丰富、变化自如：人的感情不断变化，声音色彩是在对比变化中体现出来声音色彩表现越丰富、细致，就越有表现力; 二、正确处理情与声的关系：1．以情代声，以声带情。这对发生学习是个原则性问题，如果离开了它，就会事倍功半。播音员的发声是为了传情达意，声音只是表达内容的一种手段，声音应随内容变化，让听众忘记声音，而被内容所陶醉。2．以情带声，以声传情：领会书面材料中的情，以情来带动声；声付出后要检验是否合情。三、播音员的用气发声：（一）发音器官的构造及发声原理：
1．构造：呼吸器官、喉头和声带、口腔和鼻腔、咬字器官（人体发音器官主要有哪些？）
呼吸器官：从人言语功能角度看，呼吸通道、胸腔、腹肌呼吸控制：我们所呼出的气息是人体发生的动力，人声音的强弱高低长短以及共鸣状况都与呼出气流的速度、流量压力的大小有直接关系。气息是情动与内，声发与外的过度阶段，气息也是情与声之间必经的桥梁，只有在气随情动的情况下，声才能随情感而发生变化，从某种意义上说气息控制就是由情及声，由内及外的一种贯穿性技术2、呼吸原理：主要是靠胸腔的扩大和缩小吸气肌肉群在收缩时胸腔扩大，内部气压小于提外气压生活状态下的呼吸：人在安静时的呼吸多数是腹式呼吸，这时人的胸廊无明显的活动，主要靠隔膜肌。胸式呼吸方法叫浅呼吸（所有艺术语言呼吸忌），腹式呼吸方法叫深呼吸（二）播音发声的呼吸方式：有控制的胸腹式联合呼吸方法调动了所有呼吸肌肉一起运动，不仅扩大了胸腔容量而且便于控制，吸气量大，建立在胸腔腹腔隔膜基础上，易产生坚实响亮的声音，是多种音色变化的基础。联合呼气要领： 1 ．两肋开（两肩自然下垂，口鼻同时进气将气吸至肺里，此时下肋向周围展开，展开幅度左右大于前后，胸部稍向前挺）
2．横隔降（横膈膜收缩收缩下降再加之两肋的展开使胸腔得意扩大有效地增加了气息的容量）
3．小腹收缩（在进气同时，腹部肌肉同中心位置（丹田）收缩，小腹被称为气根，气息的支撑点，呼气过程中小腹的自然收缩使两肋及隔膜不致迅速恢复原
位）在播音主持中的运用何种呼吸方式，请谈谈要领（不用解释）吸气+呼气呼气：小腹保持相对收缩状态，两肋有支持的往返收缩，气息均匀的缓慢流出。吸气最后一刻状态：有发声的信心，横隔降两肋开，腰带部位渐紧，后腰部扩张，身体上部很自如，胯以下部位感到下沉有力即兴奋从容两肋开，小腹微收，肩不抬，扩展腰带七分满，不觉吸气气自来。呼气的控制状态：生活中是把吸气的意识一放松气就自然的呼出来了，播音时呼气是使用状态，是一种工作状态。播音时必须是有控制的呼气，不能单纯的称呼气，要加上控制概念这
个概念。要靠吸气的肌肉群来控制（又可叫稳劲的状态）意识上要使吸气感觉大于呼气感觉，操作时不用考虑呼气，考虑吸气就可，这就是常说的呼气要有吸气的感觉。胸腹联合式呼吸总的感觉：小腹微收随着气流被口鼻被吸入肺的下部，两肌向两侧扩张，腰带渐紧，小腹随之收缩，呼吸时保持腹肌的收缩感以牵制横隔和两肌使其不能迅速回弹，随着气流的缓慢呼出小腹逐渐放松，但最后仍不失去收住的感觉而横隔和两肋在此控制下逐渐恢复自然状态。呼吸控制的基本要求：使呼吸时要吸得多，用的少。简单的说就是稳劲、持久自如。
1．稳劲：汉语中有相当音节都带有爆发性质，如呼吸控制不好，会出现头重脚轻，播音中尤其新闻稿件要求吸气无声，平稳吸气为减少声带的损耗，并保持悦耳的且有利于稿件表达。要求播音员主持人有较强控制能力。
2．持久：在播音时，为了完整表达语意常须一口气说出较多的字。
3．自如：一切艺术活动都要靠自己独特的表现手段来反映时代的脉搏和气息自如的变换调整气息的力度。控制方式的僵持和单一会造成声音色彩的单一化，从而造成播音的质量，在表现作品的内容时，为用准确的声音色彩反映丰富的内用，要求主持人具有。四、播音发生的练习：
1、口唇练习：口的开合练习--张嘴象打哈欠，闭嘴如啃苹果。咀嚼练习--张口咀嚼与闭口咀嚼结合惊醒进行，舌自然放平。双唇练习--双唇打响，向前后左右闭拢转圈。舌头练习-弹练，打响。
2、吸气练习：到花园闻花香，寻找沁人心脾的感觉到食堂闻饭菜香，收入肺底的感觉向上抬重的物体，腰、小腹用力之处
3、呼气练习：吹蜡烛，让火焰尽可能小而又不离开。
4、放松练习：教你几个小技巧：（1）体会胸腔共鸣：微微张开嘴巴，放松喉头，闭合声门（声带），象金鱼吐泡一样轻轻地发声。或者低低的哼唱，体会胸腔的震动；（2）降低喉头的位置：（同上）；喉部放松、放松、再放松；（3）打牙关：所谓打牙关，就是打开上下大牙齿（槽牙），给口腔共鸣留出空间，用手去摸摸耳根前大牙的位置，看看是否打开了。然后发出一些元音，如“a”，感觉感觉自己声音的变化；（4）提颧肌：微笑着说话，嘴角微微向上翘，同时感觉鼻翼张开了，试试看，声音是不是更清亮了。（5）挺软腭：打一个哈欠，顺便长啸一声（注意周围有没有人哦！）始终保持松弛状态，在播音发声的整个过程中，放松将起到很好的作用。意识和身体肌肉越放松，越能发挥出声音的魅力，突出声音的个性特点，整个的播音创作过程才能收纵自如、得心应手。放松是相对于紧张而言的，可以解释为，人的心理和生理的充分松弛（不是松懈），心理与生理保持本来面目的自然运动状态，也是人所具有的能力的一种正常发挥的状态。当然，外界事物的刺激，生理的运动，总会引起人的心理和生理一些反映，这种反
映必然会产生一些整体的或者局部的紧张。我们讲的放松，就是把这种紧张减到最低限度。从感觉与意识上来说，越是面对引起紧张的事越要进行心理调整，达到放松的感觉。越放松，越能发挥人的能力。尤其在播音发声中，发声器官仸何部位的紧张感，都将导致声音的僵持，气息的阻隔。在播音员当中，由于紧张所造成的问题是很常见的，有的播音员由于紧张而使声音暗、哑、横，声音干净度、明亮度、圆润度较差。紧张如果伴随着整个发声过程，一是难于掌握正确的播音发声，二是使发声走向歪路，形成发声毛病。不能放松的原因是多种多样的，一是不懂发声方法，以为发声就是用力。二是心理紧张，如怕发不好、发不准等。三是肌肉组织和发声器官不放松。这是习惯，或者是发声意识太强造成的。所以，实现心理放松，才能使大脑保持高度的调节能力；实现肌肉组织放松，才能使用气发
声各部位有机地、自然地、协调配合运动，使肌肉产生弹性，从而使声音具有弹性。练气、练声、发声、吐字、语言训练、感受稿件、情感发出、内在语、寻找向人说话的感觉，使语言传播力求达到“字正腔圆、清晰持久、刚柔自如、声情并茂”的境界。
5、节奏练习：（1）停连有致气脉贯通：停连是语言表达中的停顿和续连。中国书法艺术中关于断连、空白的论述很精彩，其审美趋向同样适用于此。“目力虽穷而情脉不断”、“笔墨未到而气已吞”(5)、“以气脉为上，气所以行也，脉绾章法而隐焉者也。章法、形骸者也，脉所以细束形骸者也，章法在外可见，脉不见也，气脉之精妙，是为神至也”(6)……停顿有生理和心理双重需要，停中有续、断中有连；连接是语流语势的内在要求，连中有断、续中有停；连断结合、虚实相生、血脉流畅、气势相通。夏青的播音善用停连，尤其“顿挫”有致、逻辑慎密、含蓄深沉、意境高远。夏青的宣读式的语言样式，倍显端庄沉稳、气脉精妙，在新闻播报、重要文件宣读方面分寸恰当、气宇不凡、一脉相通。一个停顿往往让人感觉到气脉顺畅、游刃有余，体现了中华民族的丰厚底蕴和泱泱大国的超凡气度；而我们从夏青的《唐诗三百首》的朗诵中得到的又是生命的感悟、心灵的启迪和美感的享受。夏青，作为中国语言传播史上的一代宗师，为语言传播树立了一种典范，他是在发扬民族精神的基础上，在语言传播实践中，气韵之美的发掘者和创造者，非常值得后来者学习和研究。（2）语气重音风骨浑成：重音是最能够体现语句目的的中心词，重在思想，兹有感情，主其骨：语气是语句的内在感情的色彩和分量以及外在的声音形式，重在感情，包含思想，主其风。重音和语气的结合依靠明确的思想和恰切的感情的有机融合，也就是指思想感情的交汇融通、风与骨的相辅相成。风与骨是实现气韵美的重要表现形式，“风”关感情的力，而“骨”关思想的正确与深刻。“气是风骨之本”。(7)风骨是气的表现形式，在语言传播中，重音和语气就是气韵生成的形式依据。重音在句子中处于中心地位，重音前势在向重音推进，重音后势在连带与延续，其中凸现处如语句之脊，推进处如语句助之腱衔接构造流畅天成。一句话中一般只有一个重音，与此共存的还有次重音、次轻音和轻音等不同的层次，主次分明是语句目的的明晰的重要保证，即骨力浑成的必要条件。语气表现的感情色彩即恰切的声音形式——语势，是语句变化的内在依据和运行态势，它包含重音，以重音为估价，附着感情色彩的丰富变化，以至形成血肉丰满、健全生动的四肢和器官，是气的运行
空间和运行模式；语势的变化模式很丰富，波峰类、波谷类、上山类、下山类、半起类是大致的划分，交融共生构成纷繁复杂的具体模式，如风之变换、气之积聚，浩森无际却又真实可感。在当今的广播电视语言传播界，普遍存在着忽视语言思想感情的准确表达的倾向，他们一味地追求快，或所谓的“自然”、消遣性，结
果导致语义不清、感情暧昧，把祖先留下的那些精华置之不顾；连较好的传播效果都达不到，更无风骨气韵可言，却还洋洋得意，自以为新潮、前卫，这其实是很可悲、很危险的，应当引起仸何一个有责仸心的传播者的关注。（3）节奏律动气象万千：节奏是一定的思想感情的波澜起伏所造成的，语言传播过程中所显示的抑扬顿挫、轻重缓急的声音形式的回环往复。节奏的把握立足于篇章，属气势、气象范畴。节奏是在语气的基础上形成的总体的态势和趋向，多种语气的变化、转换构成节奏的基本线条、基本框架。语气是节奏内部的诸多小单元，但语气的综合并不是节奏，节奏还有他更高层次的内涵——各单元间（即各语句间）的组合方式。这种方式融汇了传播语言整体的态势和样态，气势、气象由此而生。气象万千表现在节奏类型的纷繁多姿上。轻快型、凝重型、低沉型、高亢型、舒缓型、紧张型……各种类型的气息状态、口腔状态、共鸣状态等各不相同；欲扬先抑、欲抑先扬，欲快先慢、欲慢先快，欲轻先重、欲重先轻……种种转换方法都是超出一般语言范畴的东西。只重语气而轻视节奏，必然会导致有句无篇、零碎无章、气势不足、气象不丰感觉说话费劲，声音传不远，大致有两个原因：其一是没有充分利用共鸣器官；其二是气息不稳。我们所发出的声响都是依靠两片声带震动而成，本质上没有多大的差别，但是震动经过了咽、喉、口腔、鼻腔、胸腔等人体自然的空间后被逐渐修饰、放大，形成自己的风格，最终传达到听众的耳朵里。在我们说悄悄话（用气声）的时候，声带并没有震动，仅仅依靠气息的摩擦，再怎样用力，也不会有仸何声响，因为没有震动，也就没有共鸣！反之，要追求声音洪亮，一味依靠声带的强烈震动，只能造成声带充血，声音嘶哑。唯一的解决办法就是充分利用共鸣腔，让震动在口腔、鼻腔甚至胸腔得到共鸣，放大，自己的声音才会饱满，圆润，高扬。怎样才能做到发音准确、吐字清晰呢？我个人认为：熟悉言语产生的过程是很有必要的。言语是日常生活中必不可少的一种工具，通过频繁使用而发展成为一种极为有效的表情达意的手段。其实，做到正确发音吐字的途径是多方面的。一是学习一点语言学的常识，二是养成勤查字典，随时正音的良好习惯，三是广泛的从社会信息中寻求帮助，利用看电视、电影、听广播等有意识的听辨，矫正自己在发音吐字方面的毛病。当然，进行发音吐字的训练不能忽视.1、发音器官训练。如口腔开合练习、唇的圆展练习、舌的前伸后缩练习、舌尖练习等，学会灵活控制发音器官的各种活动，能使发出的声音准确、清楚。2、声母、韵母练习。声母训练时要严格掌握正确的发音部位和发音方法，找准着力点，使发出的音有弹力；韵母训练时要严格控制口腔的开合、唇形的圆展和舌位的前后。3、正音练习。指按照普通话的语音标准，矫正自己的方音、难点音。如平翘舌练习(z-zh,c-ch,s-sh)鼻音、边音练习(n-l)前后鼻韵母(n-ng)及声调练习等。应该说，在声母、韵母、声调都能正确掌握的基础上，还应进一步讲求声音的优美动听。这就需要进行共鸣训练，学会控制胸、口、鼻这三个共鸣器官的方
法，使发出的声音圆润悦耳，有如“大珠小珠落玉盘”使人听后心旷神怡。以我个人的经验来看，如果您能坚持一段时间的练习和实践，“如何吐字清晰”这个问题就会迎刃而解的。
虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题 虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动 作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种： 一.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句 注意:主句中的should 通常用于第一人称,would 可用于任何人称,同时 也可根据意思用情态动词could,might 等代替should,would 。 If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately. country. 3.与将来事实相反 If it were to/should rain tomorrow,the meeting would be put off. If you went there next time, you would see what I mean. 4.错综时间虚拟语气 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动 词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。例如: If I were you, I would have gone home.
If you had followed the doctor's advice,you would be quite all right now.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在。) If the weather had been more favorable ,the crops would be growing still better. 状语从句 1. 方式状语as if(as though) 如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时;表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用"had+过去分词";表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用"would(might,could)+动词原形"。例如: He looks at me as if I were mad. He spoke English so fluently as if he had studied English in England. 但as if(as though)后的从句也常用陈述语气,这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可能被设想为真实的。例如: It looks as if our side is going to win. 2.目的状语in order that,so that 从句谓语动词用" may/might,can/could)+动词原形"。例如: She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted. 3. 连词引导的条件状语从句: in case , unless ,supposing ,providing,on condition that从句谓语动词用(should)或" might, could)+动词原形"。 4. 连词引导的步状语从句: lest ,for fear that等 We hid behind some bushes for fear that passer-by should see us. 二.虚拟语气用于宾语从句 注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。 He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking. They demanded that the black people should be treated as well as white people. 如果that 引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。 He insists that he is right.
虚拟语气练习题 一．用所给动词的适当形式填空： Part A. 1.If people ______(drive) more slowly, there wouldn’t be so many accidents. 2.If you had worked carefully, you _____(not make) so many mistakes. 3.The boat wouldn’t have drifted away, if we _____ (tie) it up. 4.If I had known you already ____(have) a typewriter, I ____(not, buy) one for your birthday. 5.If he _____(be) here this afternoon I would go with him. 6.If it were to rain tomorrow, the match _____(postpone). 7.But for your help, we ______(not be) able to finish the work in time. 8.If it _____(not, be) for the leadership of the Party, we would not have achieved so much. 9.I wish I _____(study) hard while I was young. 10.It is about time that fence ______(mend). 11.My request is that we ______(hold) another session to discuss the problem. 12.It is strange that the car _____(break) down at exactly the same place where it _____(break) down yesterday. 13.The baby smiled as if he _____(understand) what his mother _____(say). 14.He talked as if he ____(do) all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I _____(do) most of it. 15.If only we _____(have) a phone! I’m tired of queuing outside the public phone box. 16.----- “Can we come in late tomorrow?” ----- “I’d rather you _____(come) in on time.” 17.He looks as if he _____(be) ill for a long time. 18.He always talks as though he ______(address) a public meeting. 19.If a metal ______(heat), it will expand. 20.I _____(stay) home if it rains this evening. Part B. 1.She would call you immediately if she _____(need) help. 2.If I had seen the movie, I _____(tell) you all about it now. 3.If he _____(decide) earlier, he could have left on the afternoon flight. 4._______ I _____(take) my umbrella with me when I _____(come) out this morning, I _____(not be) so wet now. 5.If you had listened to me, you _____ (not be) in such trouble now. 6.I wish they _____ (stop) making so much noise so that I could concentrate on my work. 7.It is inconceivable that he _____ (not see) me that day for I ______(wave) to her. 8.What a pity that he gave orders that all those lovely trees _____(cut) down. 9.Mr. Jones would rather _____(stay) home last night. 10.Henry would rather that his brother _____(work) in the same department as he does. 11.Electric current flows through a conductor as though it _____(be) a fluid. 12.We _____(invite) her to the party but we didn’t know that she ______(already, come) back from abroad. 13.Today’s industrial production ______(be) impossible without the contribution made by the science of physics. 14.I hate driving. I’d much rather you _____(drive). 15.The guests ______(arrive) last night, but there is still no news about them. 16.Mother_____(feel) anxious if I came home late. 17.Even if I ______(be) with you then, I ______(can, not, do) much for you. 18.A less conscientious man ______(not, try) so hard to get this job done. 19.Do you wish that you ______(have) a sister like her? 20.Isn’t it surprising that he ______(have) two car accidents during the past week? 二．辨认并改正错误： 1.I should be most happy to go down with you but I was very busy right then. 2.If her great grandfather would have lived three more days he would have been 100 years old. 3.If George Washington were president today, I would have wondered what he would do about the United States’ foreign affairs in the Middle East. 4.It was suggested that Pedro studies the material more thoroughly before attempting to pass the examination. 5.He gave orders that the horses were made ready at once as he was pressed for time. 6.The scientist thinks it necessary that all the inventions of mankind must be used for good, not for evil. 7.We felt like we had lost a friend when the foreman along with his four assistants was unfairly discharged.
虚拟语气练习题 用所给动词的适当形式填空： Part A. 1.If people ______(drive) more slowly, there wouldn’t be so many accidents. 2.If you had worked carefully, you _____(not make) so many mistakes. 3.The boat wouldn’t have drifted away, if we _____ (tie) it up. 4.If I had known you already _____(have) a typewriter, I _____(not, buy) one for your birthday. 5.If he _____(be) here this afternoon I would go with him. 6.If it were to rain tomorrow, the match _____(postpone). 7.But for your help, we ______(not be) able to finish the work in time. 8.If it _____(not, be) for the leadership of the Party, we would not have achieved so much. 9.I wish I _____(study) hard while I was young. 10.It is about time that fence ______(mend). 11.My request is that we ______(hold) another session to discuss the problem. 12.It is strange that the car _____(break) down at exactly the same place where it _____(break) down yesterday. 13.The baby smiled as if he _____(understand) what his mother _____(say). 14.He talked as if he _____(do) all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I _____(do) most of it. 15.If only we _____(have) a phone! I’m tired of queuing outside the public phone box. 16.----- “Can we come in late tomorrow?” ----- “I’d rather you _____(come) in on time.” 17.He looks as if he _____(be) ill for a long time. 18.He always talks as though he ______(address) a public meeting. 19.If a metal ______(heat), it will expand. 20.I _____(stay) home if it rains this evening. Part B. 1.She would call you immediately if she _____(need) help. 2.If I had seen the movie, I _____(tell) you all about it now. 3.If he _____(decide) earlier, he could have left on the afternoon flight. 4._______ I _____(take) my umbrella with me when I _____(come) out this morning, I _____(not be) so wet now. 5.If you had listened to me, you _____ (not be) in such trouble now. 6.I wish they _____ (stop) making so much noise so that I could concentrate on my work. 7.It is inconceivable that he _____ (not see) me that day for I ______(wave) to her. 8.What a pity that he gave orders that all those lovely trees _____(cut) down. 9.Mr. Jones would rather _____(stay) home last night. 10.Henry would rather that his brother _____(work) in the same department as he does. 11.Electric current flows through a conductor as though it _____(be) a fluid. 12.We _____(invite) her to the party but we didn’t know that she ______(already, come) back from abroad. 13.Today’s industrial production ______(be) impossible without the contribution made by the science of physics. 14.I hate driving. I’d much rather you _____(drive). 15.The guests ______(arrive) last night, but there is still no news about them. 16.Mother_____(feel) anxious if I came home late. 17.Even if I ______(be) with you then, I ______(can, not, do) much for you.
教案撰写（表格式）编号：撰写人： 主题语气语调的练习教学任务使学员在培训后，能够熟悉并掌握语气及语调 培训对象营销员学员培训时间180min 培训地点培训器材笔记本、黑板、粉笔教室安排课桌式培训方式讲授式、研讨式 重点难点 部分教学内容、组织、方法、要求方式 时间（分） 引言提问 讲解 10 主体一、语气与语调的联系 一般认为,语调是语气表达的主要手段,语调具有语气表达功能。问 题在于如果我们把语气(Modality) 和口气(toen) 区分开, 把语调作 广义和狭义的区分,那么我们有理由认为:狭义的语调(句调)是表达语 气的,而广义的语调除了表达语气之外,还具有表达口气的功能, 这是 从表达的角度而言的。从理解的角度来看,广义的语调还具有认知功能, 通过语调可以认知说话人的情感、性格心态。广义的语调在口语的句子 中表现为语声节律, 在书面语的句子里用相应的标点符号来标明语气 和口气。 二、语气 （一）、语气的一般概念 1、《现代汉语词典》： 1）说话的口气。“口气”的含义是“说话时流露出来的感情色彩。”如： 严肃的口气；幽默的口气。 2）表示陈述、疑问、祈使、感叹等分别的语法范畴 2、《辞海》： 通过一定的语法形式表示说话人对行为动作的态度，如陈述语气、 祈使语气、虚拟语气。现代汉语用语气助词“的、了、吗、呢”等和语 调表示各种语气。 总结：明确了语气与情感态度有关，说明语调可以表示各种语气。 （二）语气的定义 语气是思想感情运用状态支配下语句的声音形式。 注意把握语气中的三个关键点： 1.具体的思想感情是语气的灵魂，在语气中处支配地位。 2.具体的声音形式是语气的躯体，具体的思想情感只有通过具体的声音 形式才得以表现。 3.语气以句子为单位，它存在于一个个句子中。 （三）语气的感情色彩和分量 1.语气的感情色彩 （1）语气的感情色彩，主要是指语气所包含的是非爱憎。 讲授60
一、选择题 1．If I you, I would rather at home and watch TV than to the party. A．was；stay, go B．am；stay, go C．were；to stay, go D．were；stay, go 2．If I ___ you, I ___ be afraid . A．was, wouldn’t B．were, won’t C．were, wouldn’t 3．If I ______ you, I _____the job. A．was; will take B．was; would take C．were; would take D．were; will take 4．– I coughed a lot last night. What should I do? – If I _____ you, I would go to see the doctor at once. A．am B．were C．was 5．If I _____ you ,I _____ them the story. A. was , tell B．were , will tell C．were ,wou ld tell D．am. would tell 6．---What if I have to go there and know nothing about it? --- If I______ you, I would try to find some information about it on the Internet. A．am B．was C．will be D．were 7．----What can I do with so much money? ----If I _______ you, I _______ give it away to charity. A．am, will B．am, would C．were, would D．was, would 8．If I ____ you, I ____ buy a bike for him. A．was, would B．was, could C．were, would D．were, could 9．If his brother a millionaire（百万富翁）, he'd buy her sister the expensive car. A．was B．were C．is D．be 10．If I ________ invited tonight, I would go to the dinner party. A．was B．were C．am D．is 11．If I______you, I_______go there at once. A．am, would B．were, would C．were, will D．am, will 12．—I like drinking wine. But people who drink wine aren’t allowed to drive. —If I you, I would give up wine. A．were; drinking B．am; drinking C．were; drink D．was;to drink 13．– What would you do if you ______ a car accident? – I will call the police. A．met B．meet C．were meeting 14．—He suggests that his friend _________ to Beijing right now. —I think it’s a good ________.
虚拟语气专项练习经典 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．–I argued with my best friend. What should I do? --If I ________ you, I would say sorry to her. A．am B．was C．are D．were 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意：我和我最好的朋友吵架了。我该怎么办？如果我是你，我就对她说对不起。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。在虚拟条件语气句中，表示与现在事实相反的事实，条件从句中的谓语动词用过去式（be用were不用was），主句谓语动词为“would+原形动词”，所以选D。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．If I not so busy ,I with you . A．was , would go B．were , would go C．was , should go D．were , will go 【答案】B 【解析】句意“如果我不忙，我就跟你去”。本题考查对将来的虚拟语气。即“if+过去时，主语+should/would/could/might do”结构。故选B。 点睛： 3．If I ___ you, I ___ be afraid . A．was, wouldn’t B．were, won’t C．were, wouldn’t 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：根据语境可知此句的含义是如果我是你，我就不害怕。考查的是虚拟语气的基本用法。条件用过去时，主句要用过去将来时，故选C。 考点：虚拟语气 点评：虚拟语气其实就是if引导条件状语从句时，词义为“如果”，不过这个条件是无法实
. 5.If you had listened to me, you _____ (not be) in such trouble now. 虚拟语气练习题 6.I wish they _____ (stop) making so much noise so that I could concentrate on my work. 一．用所给动词的适当形式填空： 7.It is inconceivable that he _____ (not see) me that day for I ______(wave) to her. Part A. 8.t be so many accidents. What a pity that he gave orders that all those lovely trees _____(cut) down. 1.If people ______(drive) more slowly, there wouldn'9.2.If you had worked carefully, you _____(not make) so many mistakes. Mr. Jones would rather _____(stay) home last night. 10.Henry would rather that his brother _____(work) in the same department as he does. 3.The boat wouldn't have drifted away, if we _____ (tie) it up. 11.Electric current flows through a conductor as though it _____(be) a fluid. 4.If I had known you already ____(have) a typewriter, I ____(not, buy) one for your birthday. 12.We _____(invite) her to the party but we didn5.If he _____(be) here this afternoon I would go with him. 't know that she ______(already, come) back from abroad. 6.If it were to rain tomorrow, the match _____(postpone). 13.But for your help, we ______(not be) able to finish the work in time. 7.Today's industrial production ______(be) impossible without the contribution made by the science of physics. If it _____(not, be) for the leadership of the Party, we would not have achieved so much. 8.14.9.I wish I _____(study) hard while I was young. I hate driving. I'd much rather you _____(drive). 15.10.It is about time that fence ______(mend). The guests ______(arrive) last night, but there is still no news about them. 16.Mother_____(feel) anxious if I came home late. My request is that we ______(hold) another session to discuss the problem. 11. 17.It is strange that the car _____(break) down at exactly the same place where it _____(break) Even if I ______(be) with you then, I ______(can, not, do) much for you. 12.18.down yesterday. A less conscientious man ______(not, try) so hard to get this job done. 19.Do you wish that you ______(have) a sister like her? 13.The baby smiled as if he _____(understand) what his mother _____(say). 20.Isn'14.He talked as if he ____(do) all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I _____(do) most of it. t it surprising that he ______(have) two car accidents during the past week? If only we _____(have) a phone! I'm tired of queuing outside the public phone box.
虚拟语气解题方法 一、时间 IF 条件句主句 现在were/did WCSM+do 将来were to do/should do/did WCSM+do 过去 had done WCSM+have done （WCSM=would/could/should/might） 二、Wish / if only / as if / as though / even if / even 现在were/ did 将来WCSM+do 过去had done 三、 It’s about/ high time +did 四、Would rather that 现在+did 过去+had done 将来+did
五、But for / without 现在+would do 过去+would have done 六、表示命令、要求、建议should（可省略）+do 一建议insist 二命令order 、 command 四建议advise 、suggest 、 propose 、recommend 五要求demand 、require 、 request 、desive 、ask 七、在for fear that / in case / lest 引导的虚拟语气should（不可以省略）+do 八、It’s important / necessary /advisable/demanded+that + 主语+should（不可省略） do
练习以及解析 1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made. A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. are reading 2.You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him. A. come; would meet B. had come; would have met C. come; will meet D. had come; would meet 3.The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been 4.It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately. A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak 5.He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time. A. was B. were C. has been D. had been 6.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not _____. A. have laid there for two hours B. have been lied there for two hours C. have lied there for two hours D. have lain there for two hours 7.I wish that I _____ with you last night. A. went B. could go C. have gone D. could have gone
复习专题虚拟语气专项练习题及答案 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．–I argued with my best friend. What should I do? --If I ________ you, I would say sorry to her. A．am B．was C．are D．were 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意：我和我最好的朋友吵架了。我该怎么办？如果我是你，我就对她说对不起。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。在虚拟条件语气句中，表示与现在事实相反的事实，条件从句中的谓语动词用过去式（be用were不用was），主句谓语动词为“would+原形动词”，所以选D。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．If I you, I give it to Microsoft research. A．am, will B．am, would C．were, would D．was, would 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：如果我是你，我会把它交给微软研究部。 考查虚拟语气。根据If I you，这是一个虚拟语气，此句虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设，即与现在事实相反，谓语动词用过去式；该语法主要用于if条件状语从句，本句“如果我是你”，be动词用were，后面主句用过去将来时would＋动词原形，故答案选C。 3．I suggest that we Chinese people_______Chinese culture with love and joy everywhere we go. A．spread B．spreading C．to spread D．will spread 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我建议我们中国人无论走到哪里都要带着爱心和欢乐来传播中国文化， 考查动词suggest后跟虚拟语气。spread是动词原形；spreading是动名词；to spread是动词不定式；will spread是一般将来时。动词在这里suggest表示建议，后面宾语从句中使用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可以省略。根据句意说明本句的suggest表示建议，故后面使用虚拟语气，省略了should，故选A。 【点睛】 动词suggest 后面可以跟名词作宾语，用于句型“suggest sth.”。如：I suggested a visit. 我提议参观。 suggest 后跟动名词作宾语，如：He suggested going home. 他提议回家。 suggest后面跟that引导的宾语从句时，用虚拟语气，一般省略情态动词should，所以本题选项是A。
情态动词、虚拟语气60题 1. ——Don’t forget to bring my new books tomorrow afternoon. —— No, I＿＿＿＿＿＿＿. A. don’t B. can’t C. won’t D. couldn’t 2. ——I hear you’ve got a set of Australian coins.＿＿＿I have a look? —— Yes, certainly. A. Do B. May C.Shall D. Should 3. He seldom listens to others. He＿＿＿＿＿answer for what he has done. A. shall B. will C. can D. would 4. ——May I leave the office before 5 o’clock in the afternoon? ——No, I’m afraid you＿＿＿＿＿＿＿. A. needn’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn't D. won’t 5. —— Shall I tell John about it? —— No, you＿＿＿＿. I don’t know his telephone number. A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 6. Mr Bush is on time for everything. How＿＿＿it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? A. can B. should C. may D. must 7. The traffic light is red, so I＿＿＿＿＿＿stop my car. A. must B. have to C. can D. mustn’t 8. —— What happened to the young trees we planted? —— The trees＿＿＿＿＿＿well, but I didn’t water them. A. might grow B. needn’t have grown C. would grow D. would have grown 9. I was really anxious about you. You＿＿＿home without a word. A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave 10. Children＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿in public very often. A. should be praised B. shouldn’t have praised C. shouldn’t have be en praised D. shouldn’t be praised 11. Let’s clean the classroom, ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿?
虚拟语气练习 1. 1.Everything ______ if Albert hadn’t called the fire brigade. a. will be destroyed b. will have been destroyed c. would be destroyed d. would have been destroyed 2. 2.If you hadn’t gone with Tom to the party last night,______. a. you would meet John already b. you won’t have missed John c. you will have met John d. you would have met John 3. 3.Supposing this ship ______ , do you think there would be enough life jackets for all the passengers? a. was sinking b. has sunk c. were to sink d. sunk 4. 4.The insects would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and heads, if ______ for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. a. it is not b. it were not c. were it not d. they were not 5. 5.The teacher suggested that each student ______ a plan for the vacation. a. made b. make c. makes d. will make 6. 6.Frankly, I’d rather you ______ anything about it for the time being. a. do b. don’t do c. didn’t do d. will not do 7. 7.After the way she treated you, if I ______ in your place. a. be b. am c. was d. were 8. 8.The idea is that the nation ______ an unmanned spacecraft to explore the planet first. a. sent b. sends c. send d. must send 9. 9.It’s high time you ______. a. start to work b. would start to work c. started to work d. had started to work 10. 10.“If I hadn’t practiced when I was younger,” the musician says,“I ______ able to play so well now.” a. wouldn’t be b. won’t be c. wouldn’t have been d. couldn’t have been 11. 11.It is imperative that you ______ there in person. a. are b. were c. be d. will be 12. 12.The atomic structure is, ______, a miniature solar system. a. as it were b. as if they were c. as it were d. as if are 13. 13.We required that the machine parts ______ cast iron. a. is made of b. be made from c. be made of d. is made by 14. 14.The management urged that the cost of production ______. a. to be further reduced b. was further reduced c. be further reduced d. should further reduced 15. 15.The business is risky. But ______ we would be rich. a. should we succeed b. we should succeed c. might we succeed d. would we succeed 16. 16.I wish our teacher ______ to give another test. I haven’t got prepared yet. a. isn’t going b. weren’t going c. will not going d. could have gone 17. 17.I wish I ______ to the movies with you last night. a. went b. did go c. could go d. could have gone 18. 18.I’d just as soon ______ rudely to her. a. that you won’t speak b. your not speaking c. you not speak d. you didn’t speak