年北京市东城区英语语法一模＆单项选择2019)21. ---Hi, Jack. The summer holiday is coming. Have you any plan for the vacation? (
---Well. Probably we ______ abroad.
D. were travelling C. will travel
A. travelled
B. have travelled
)22. We were grateful to Mr. Marks, in _______ car we had travelled home on the rainy night. (
D. whose B. whom C. that A. which
)23. The fire ______by the people in the neighborhood before the firemen came. (
D. would be put out B. will be put out C. had been put out
A. has been put out
)24. ______we'll do is to leave a note for Mum to tell her we won't be back till late.(
C. How
D. Why A. What B. That
)25. Jazz ______ a huge role around the world in opening up musical creativity since it came into being. (
D. will play
C. would play A. had played
B. has played
th( )26. Cambridge, ______ in the 12 century, holds a leading position in science in modern times.
D. founded A.to found
B. founding
C. found
27. _______ the prices of household robots have come down, many consumers still can't afford them. ( ) D. If A. While
B. Because
C. Until
)28. ( If we ______ repeated attempts, we wouldn't have succeeded.
A. haven't made
B. hadn't made
C. didn't make
D. wouldn't make
help is available. ( )29. In times of trouble or difficulty, one may take ______ D. wherever A. whoever
B. however
C. whatever
)30._____all morning doing the experiment in the lab, John took a short lunch break. (
D. Spend
A. Spending
B. Having spent
C. To have spent
)31. It is said that California feeds the USA ______ fruits and vegetables than any other state. (
B. many
C. more
D. most A. much
)32. ---Last week I bought a bike, but today my uncle gave me one for my birthday. (
---Oh, so you ______ have bought it.
D. may not
C. can't B. mustn't A. needn't
The accident was the young man's fault, ______ he had to pay for the damage to the other car. )33. ( D. so C. but A. for
B. or
( )34. She longed for the holidays ______ so that she could be with her family again.
A. to come
B. coming
C. come
D. to have come
( )35. The real problem is not just that troubles come, but ______we don't know how to meet them.
A. why
B. that
C. when
D. what
2019年北京市西城区英语语法一模＆单项选择
页 1 第
( )21. I really don't know whether I can succeed in the final competition, _____ I will try.
A. and
B. for
C. but
D. or
( )22. —You often work overtime recently. Why?
—Oh, I _____ money to buy a new car.
A. made
B. had made
C. have made
D. am making
( )23. It is entirely true _____ children learn more from people they like. So, try to be friends with them.
A. what
B. why
C. that
D. how
( )24. Our team defeated Class 3 in the basketball match on Wednesday, _____ them 36 to 35.
A. beating
B. beat
C. to beat
D. beaten
( )25. Dancing with the feet is one thing, but dancing with the heart is _____.
A. one
B. other
C. others
D. another
( )26. The results of the experiment turned out contrary to _____ was expected.
A. what
B. which
C. whom
D. that
( )27. _____ all the details, you have to look at the picture carefully.
A. Grasped
B. Grasping
C. Grasp
D. To grasp
( )28. The amusement park will stay open through mid-March, _____ the weather cooperates.
A. unless
B. even if
C. so that
D. as long as
( )29. There are so many special offers and bargains during Spring Festival that you _____ surely get what
you want for much less money.
A. might
B. can
C. need
D. have to
( )30. —Is there a room available for tonight?
—Sorry, sir, but all the rooms _____.
A. have booked
B. have been booked
C. will book
D. will be booked
( )31. People living in homes _____ TV is always left on often spend less time reading.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. who
( )32. Please put your laundry in the bag and we _____ someone to pick it up in a few minutes.
A. will send
B. have sent
C. sent
D. send
( )33. You will never say “no”when a little kid is looking at you _____ comfort and support.
A. on
B. for
C. beyond
D. at
( )34. In this library, you can use your own computer to connect to Wi-Fi specially _____ for readers.
A. preparing
B. to prepare
C. prepared
D. prepare
( )35. What a sunny day! How I wish I _____ on the beach enjoying the sunshine now!
A. were
B. had been
C. would be
D. should be
2019年北京市海淀区英语语法一模＆单项选择
( )21. —What do you think of the two designs?
—Frankly, I like ______ of them. Please show me a third one.
页 2 第
D. both
C. neither A. any B. either
)22. Mobike is a popular service ______ brings convenience to us. (
D. who
B. where
C. when
A. which
)23. Your attitude ______ life determines how happy or unhappy you are. (
D. for
B. with
C. on
A. towards
)24. —You're so excited. What's up? (
—I ______ as a volunteer in the coming Art Festival.
D. have accepted
B. have been accepted
C. had accepted A. had been accepted
)25. Like great athletes or scientists, great teachers have the ability ______ others as well. (
D. to inspire
B. inspire
C. inspired
A. inspiring
)26. The newly-published dictionary will be of great help to foreigners______ Chinese. (
D. having learnt A. learn
B. learnt
C. learning
Chinese Poetry
)27. Chinese poetry ______ the focus of attention in February, 2019 due to the hit TV show ( Conference.
A. is becoming
B. has become
C. becomes
D. became
( )28. At this time tomorrow I ______ on the beach in Sanya, enjoying the sunshine there.
A. will be lying
B. lie
C. will lie
D. am lying
( )29. When in a traffic jam, I often listen to my favorite music to relax.
A. trapping
B. trapped
C. to trap
D. having trapped
( )30. Enjoying a fresh morning is important ______ it can set the mood for the rest of the day.
A. unless
B. if
C. because
D. although
( )31. Zheng He's ships ______ the west coast of Africa long before Europeans arrived there. A. will visit B. have visited C. would visit
D. had visited
( )32. Have you ever wondered ______ you can feel the wind but cannot see it?
A. why
B. how
C. what
D. whether
( )33. My mother wants to decorate our rooms in a modern look ______ my father prefers a traditional style.
A. as long as
B. as
C. while
D. now that
( )34. —Could we phone our English teacher now?
—Not now. I'm afraid he ______ be driving.
A. shall
B. may
C. will
D. can
( )35. Waiters are requested to treat every customer as if they ______ guests in their own house.
A. are
B. were
C. would be
D. had been
2019年北京市朝阳区英语语法一模＆单项选择
( )21. She had liked detective novels at first, ______ soon lost interest.
A. for
B. so
C. or
D. but
( )22. ––When shall I come to see you, in the morning or afternoon?
页 3 第
––______. I'll be at home all day.
A. Either
B. Neither
C. Both
D. None
( )23. I didn't get in touch with David yesterday, since he ______ a meeting when I called.
A. chaired
B. was chairing
C. had chaired
D. would chair
( )24. Going camping in the desert will not be enjoyable ______ you have prepared thoroughly.
A. because
B. when
C. unless
D. until
( )25. I got the kids to clean the house this morning, ______ made a great break for me.
A. that
B. when
C. where
D. which
( )26. If you ______ have a cigarette, choose a seat in the first row of the smoking section.
A. should
B. must
C. might
D. would
( )27. The shocking news made us realize ______ terrible problems we would face.
A. why
B. how
C. what
D. that
( )28. You should answer the questions ______ the information on your card.
A. used
B. using
C. to use
D. being used
( )29. ––Is Mr. Lewis still here?
––No. He ______ here for about an hour and then left.
A. is
B. was
C. has been
D. would be
( )30. Last month we spent so much to have the roof ______, for it always leaked when it rained.
A. replaced
B. replacing
C. to replace
D. being replaced
( )31. My job is very enjoyable. That is ______ I spend a great deal of time and patience.
A. what
B. how
C. when
D. why
( )32. ––Any predictions for the election?
––Well, James is thought ______ a sure winner.
A. to be
B. to have been
C. being
D. having been
( )33. Management has decided that workers _______ all changes well in advance.
A. will inform of
B. have informed of
C. will be informed of
D. have been informed of ( )34. It will come out ______ she has donated quite a lot of money to cancer research.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. when
( )35. ––Did you enjoy your trip?
––Yes. But for your advice, we ______ our stay in London half as much.
A. didn't enjoy
B. hadn't enjoyed
C. wouldn't enjoy
D. wouldn't have enjoyed
2019年北京市丰台区英语语法一模＆单项选择
( )21. Congratulations on the great progress you ________ since last year.
A. make
B. have made
C. were making
D. will have made
( )22. According to the author, those ________ enjoy reading will never feel lonely.
A. when
B. who
C. where
D. which
( )23. —Have I filled out the application correctly, Mr. Smith?
页 4 第
—Well, you ________ one question here.
A. missed
B. miss
C. will miss
D. are missing
( )24. The key point is not who said the words, but ________ they are true or not.
A. what
B. when
C. that
D. whether
( )25. It ________ for two weeks, and the whole area is flooded.
A. had rained
B. rains
C. would rain
D. has been raining
( )26. It's an excellent job offer. Don't let such a good opportunity ________ through your fingers.
A. slipped
B. to slip
C. slip
D. slipping
( )27. The sponsors agreed that they would support us ________ we didn't break the rules.
A. as well as
B. as soon as
C. as far as
D. as long as
( )28. When ________, the project will help to greatly improve the air quality in the community.
A. finishing
B. to finish
C. finish
D. finished
( )29. ________ they should do about the hole in their roof is their most pressing problem.
A. That
B. How often
C. What
D. Why
( )30. The delivery of the goods ________ because of the heavy snow storm.
A. is putting off
B. was put off
C. had been put off
D. would put off
( )31. Life is not predictable; even the worst ________ become the best.
A. shall
B. might
C. must
D. need
( )32. ________ which club to attend, Jane asked her friends for advice.
A. Not knowing
B. Not know
C. Not known
D. Not to know
( )33. —Have you seen the film Avatar?
—Of course, I have. It was in our hometown ________ the film was made.
A. when
B. why
C. that
D. which
( )34. I wish I ________ the lecture yesterday, but I missed it.
A. had attended
B. would attend
C. have attended
D. attended
( )35. We really appreciate our learning environment, ___ __we can have open and friendly communication.
A. whose
B. which
C. where
D. what
2019年北京市石景山区英语语法一模＆单项选择
( )21. The accident is my fault, so I had to pay for the damage _______ the other car.
A. by
B. at
C. to
D. on
( )22. He wrote a letter _______ he explained what had happed in the accident.
A. what
B. which
C. how
D. where
( )23. I can't remember when _______ turning point occurred exactly, but it might be
_______summer
morning during my vacation.
A. /; a
B. a; a
C. the; a
D. a; the
( )24. I'm terribly sorry to have kept you waiting so long, but it'll still be some time _______ Tony gets back.
页 5 第
D. before
C. till A. after B. since
)25. All the passengers are worrying about _______ the flight will take off on time. (
D. when
C. that
A. why
B. whether
Jack, what about the lecture ? —)26. (
It is the most inspiring lecture that I _______ since I came to this university. —
00831英语语法自考模拟试题（16） 125.The guests were ____ the room to have a rest. A.got into B.stepped into C.burst into D.shown into 126.You will ____ what you have done some day. A.reply to B.pay off C.get rid of D.answer for 127.He quickly ____ all the things on the desk and put them into the drawer. A.took up B.kept up C.gave up D.did up 128.A helicopter is a plane that can ____ and land straight up and down. A.get off B.take off C.fly off D.send off 129.Now that you’re made your plan,why not ____ it? A.stick to B.keep to C.work at D.persist in 130.The girl you ____ yesterday is a friend of Lisa’s. A.came across B.dropped in C.paid a visit D.talked 131.If I ____ bird,I ____ fly freely in the sky. A.am;will B.was;can C.were;should D.had been;should 132.If he ____ tomorrow,I ____ tell him the truth. https://www.doczj.com/doc/a610182765.html,es;would B.came;would C.were to come;will D.should come;shall 133.If she ___ today,we ____ set off tomorrow. A.arrived;might B.arrives;could C.arrived;should have D.arrived;will 134.In the eye of the woman,Einstein looked as if he ____ out of a book of fairy tales and ____ her like a spirit. A.had just stepped;had passed B.stepped just now;passed C.stepped just;had passed D.has stepped;passed 135.____ the books not properly marked and catalogued,they ____ be so easy to find. A.If;could B.Were;couldn’t C.Had;couldn’t D.Were;could
小学生语法专项练习题 名词练习 一.写出下列单数名词的复数形式 _______ 答案：1 oranges 2. Boxes 3. women 4. tomatoes 6. boys 7babies 9. Photos 10 classes 11. feet 12 houses 13 pens 14 cars 15 horses 16. radios 17 dishes 18 children 二.将下列单词的复数形式改成单数形式 ________ _________ 答案 1. doctor 2 city 3 piano 4. ear 5. church 6. leaf 7 tooth 8zoo 9brush 10 knife 12 pear 三.请从括号里选出正确的答案 1. Please give me__（two /two cups of ）coffee. 2. There are a lot of___(sheep /sheeps ) on the farm. 3. I’d like some__ (bread / breads ) and___ (potato /potatoes). 4. Look! There is a ___(mouse /mice) in the corner. 5. He bought_____(a piece of /a piece ) paper. 6. “Where is___ (Woman’s / Women’s) Room?” asked Susan. 7. ____ (The girl’s/The girls’ ) hobby is drawing. 8. Aunt Lucy sent_____ (a child’s /a children’s ) book to me. 红色为答案 冠词练习 一.在空格内填上a或an
动词部分（第5,6,7,8章） 一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets. 1.2010040 2. My train is going to arrive at Shanghai at about eight o’clock tonight. The plane I’d like to take from there ______ by then. ( ) A. would leave B. will have left C. has left D. had left 2.2010040 3. The young man who has applied for the post ______ in the general manager’s office.( ) A. is interviewing B. is being interviewed C. to be interviewed D. had been interviewed 3.2010040 4. It is essential that all the exam papers ______ back before the end of the term. ( ) A. must be sent B. are sent C. will be sent D. be sent 4.2010040 5. ______ for my illness, I would have got the job in the Disneyland. ( ) A. Not being B. Without being C. Had it not been D. Not having been 5.2010040 6. The car ahead of me suddenly stopped by the roadside. I think it ______ out of gas.( ) A. may run B. may have run C. must run D. should have run 6.2010040 7. The teacher won’t mind ______ the term paper. ( ) A. us to delay handing in B. our delaying handing in C. our delaying to hand in D. us delay to hand in 7.20100408. All the tasks ______ ahead of time, they decided to have a dinner party to celebrate.( ) A. have been finished B. had been finished C. having been finished D. were finished. 8.20100702. It seems that oil ____ from the tank for some time. We’ll have to take the oil tank apart to see what's wrong. （） A. had leaked B. is leaking C. leaked D. has been leaking 9.20100703. A great deal of research _____ into the possible cures to AIDS in recent years.（） A. is done B. was done C. has been done D. will be done 10.20100704. Gone ____ when the Chinese people had to struggle to make a living and to worry about lack of food all day. （） A. the days B. are the days C. have the days D. the days have 11.20100705. Sometimes I wish I ____ extraordinary power to make all the impossible possible.（） A. have B. had C. have had D. am having 12.20100706. I've tried several times today, but the line is always busy; someone ____ the telephone. （） A. should be using B. must have been using C. must have used D. must be using 13.20100707. It's no use ______ the result of the exam; it's already finished. （） A. worrying about B. to worry about C. to worrying about D. having worried about 14.20100708. With so much noise outside, the speaker had to raise his voice to have himself____.（） A. hear B. heard C. to be heard D. to hear 15.20110402. The child ought to have a rest; she ______ the piano for nearly three hours. ( ) A. had practiced B. is practicing C. has been practicing D. practices
2007年4月全国自考现代英语语法试题和答案 一、单项选择题（本大题共21小题，每小题1分，共21分） to bed until 1. The general sent out word that no one in the bunker further orders.【】 A. will go B. would go C. was about to go D. was to go 答案：D 2. He violin when I want to sleep.【】 A. always plays B. play always C. is always playing D. always is playing 答案：C until yesterday.【】 3. James has just arrived,but I didn＇t know he A. will come B. was coming C. had been coming D. comes 答案：B everything else.【】 4. I only called the police when I A. tried B. was trying C. had tried D. had been trying 答案：C .【】 5. Mother wished I you what she A. didn＇t tell; said B. didn＇t tell; has said C. didn＇t tell; had said D. hadn＇t told; said 答案：D 6. Jean Wagner＇s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro American poetry is his insistence that it in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.【】
中考英语语法模拟试题（循序渐进型试题） 1、What’s your name?-----_______________ A My name is Li HangLiang B My name is Ouyang Xiu C My name is Li hong D My name is ZhangSun WuJi 2、-----What’s this _____ English? -----It’s a map A in B on C with D at 3、-----How do you _____ “red”-----R-E-D A spell B read C look D ask 4、-----What’s your sister’s favorite ____? -----Basketball A country B color C sport D subject 5、---_____ books are there on the desk? -----There are five A How much B How many C How long D How often 6、---Hi, Betty. Nice to meet you.-----_____ A Nice to meet you too. B How are you? C Nice to meet you too D Good morning. 7、_____ name is Wang Hua, and _____ is a student. A He; he B His; he C She; she D It; it 8、Welcome to ______. A Class 4 Grade 8 B Grade 8 Class 4 C Grade eight Class fourth D Class four Grade eighth 9、Daming with Lingling _____in Class One. Daming, Lingling and I _____friends. A is; are B are ; are C in ; am D are ;is 10、His_____ are very fine. A Home B house C family D houses
大学英语语法试题及答案(2) 第 2 单元题目： 1.More people visit the Air and Space Museum honoring men and women who have pioneered flight and the exploration of space than _____ any other monument or museum in the entire country. A) visit B) to visit C) visited D) visiting 题目： 2.I work in a little room off the main entrance _____ museum, checking coats and other articles which people do not want to carry around as they tour the building. A) to B) of C) at D) for 题目： 3.What apparently had happened, three years ago, was that Kate _____ to a different building. A) went B) has gone C) had gone D) would go 题目： 4.She had waited at another museum for days and had spent all her money _____ to find Sidney. A) tried B) trying C) to try D) try 题目： 5.Without facts we cannot form a worthwhile opinion for we need to have factual knowledge _____ our thinking. A) which to be based B) which to base upon C) upon which to base D) to which to be based 题目： 6.Helen believes if a man robs her of five dollars it is the same as if he _____ a hundred. A) takes B) will take C) took D) has taken 题目： 7.He had a cottage which consists _____ three rooms, a bathroom and kitchen. A) of B) with C) in D) by 题目： 8.Behind him Paul could hear the angry man _____ to break the door open. A) trying B) to try C) tried D) try 题目： 9.Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure _____. A) than more on efficiency B) and more efficiency C) and more on efficiency D) than efficiency 题目： 10.The gardener is taking care of the place, no one _____ there at present. A) living B) lives C) lived D) to live 题目： 11.The City Bank will pa fifty pounds to _____ who helps the police to catch the man. A) someone B) nobody C) anyone D) somebody 题目： 12.When Paul Carson saw the big red American car coming towards him, he stopped his won car at the side, _____ room for it to pass. A) to make B) made C) making D) make 题目： 13.What bothers me is _____ I paid for all this stuff that we don't want anymore. A) what B) that C) which D) who 题目： 14.A hinge joint is _____ permits forward and backward movement of a door. A) the B) whose C) what D) those 题目：15.Garage sales in the United States serve many purposes _____ cleaning out unwanted items and making money. A) besides B) except for C) except D) apart from 题目： 16.This is _____ the most difficult job I have ever tackled. A) by rights B) by itself C) by oneself D) by far
2010年4月全国自考现代英语语法真题 一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets. 1:参考答案：A 试题内容：That definition leaves___for disagreement. A:much roomB:a small roomC:many roomsD:a big room 2:参考答案：B 试题内容：My train is going to arrive at Shanghai at about eight o’clock tonight. The plane Id like to take from there___by then. A:would leaveB:will have leftC:has leftD:had left 3:参考答案：B 试题内容：The young man who has applied for the post___in the general managers office. A:is interviewingB:is being interviewedC:to be interviewedD:had been Interviewed 4:参考答案：D 试题内容：It is essential that all the exam papers ______ back before the end of the term. A:must be sentB:are sentC:will be sentD:be sent 5:参考答案：C 试题内容：___for my illness, I would have got the job in the Disneyland. A:Not beingB:Without beingC:Had it not beenD:Not having been 6:参考答案：B 试题内容：The car ahead of me suddenly stopped by the roadside. I think it___out of gas. A:may runB:may have runC:must runD:should have run 7:参考答案：B 试题内容：The teacher won’t mind___the term paper. A:us to delay handing inB:our delaying handing inC:our delaying to hand inD:us delay to hand in 8:参考答案：C 试题内容：All the tasks___ahead of time, they decided to have a dinner party to celebrate. A:have been finishedB:had been finishedC:having been finishedD:were Finished 9:参考答案：A 试题内容：What he has done is___what I have done. A:superior toB:more superior toC:superior thanD:more superior than 10:参考答案：B 试题内容：Mary earns___as Jane does, but she spends less money on cosmetics than Jane. A:twice so muchB:twice as muchC:as much twiceD:so much twice 11:参考答案：C 试题内容：We’ll discuss a___issue before we move on to the problem of our major concern. A:lessB:moreC:lesserD:most12:参考答案：A
大学英语语法模拟试题 1. Mr. and Mrs. Burns feel more comfortable on a ship than they would be if they ______________any other way. A. would travel B. travelled C. are travelling D. have travelled 2. We______________ that Jim be there. A. hope B. wish C. expect D .ask 3. Lucy is glad she didn’t stay on the farm. She______________ bored. A. may be B. will be C. could be D. might have been 4. The dean of studies would have come to see you had it been possible, but he ______________so busy then. A. had been B. was C. were D. would be 5. They would certainly have come and helped us ______________time. A. did they have B. had they had C. had they have D would they have 6. If you were in better health, we______________ you to join in the work last week. A. would have allowed B. would allow C. should allow D. had allowed 7. She cried for her______________ lover. A. departed B. being departed C. departing D. having departed 8. ______________ in an important examination, one of the students in his class lost interest in his work A. Failing B. Failed C. Having been failed D. Having Failed 9. If it______________ tomorrow, I’ll stay at home. A. rained B. will rain C. had rained D. rains 10. “It’s getting very late.”“Yes, it’s time______________.” A. that we left B. we leave C. we’ll leave D. we have left a bus to go there, but he preferred to walk.
1．There is ____ old woman in the car. A．/ B．the C．a D．an 2．We often go to the park ____ Sundays. A．on B．in C．at D．from 3．My book ____ on the desk. A．is B．am C．are D．be 4．Which language is ____ ，English, French or Chinese? A．difficult B．the difficult C．more difficult D．the most difficult 5．---- ____ book is this? ----It's Kate's. A．When B．Why C．Where D．Whose 6．----Can you write a letter in English? ----No, I ____. A．may not B．mustn't C．can't D．needn't 7．I ____ my homework when Mike came last night A．do B．was doing C．am doing D．have done 8．He began to ____ English three years ago. A．learn B．learns C．learned D．learning 9．Jim is a driver, ____ he? A．does B．doesn't C．is D．isn't 10．“What's wrong ____ you?”the doctor asked. A．from B．with C．for D．at 11．He is rich, ____ he isn't happy. A．or B．so C．and D．but 12．----Where is Alice? ----She ____ to the library. A．goes
本次语法串讲分三个部分，第一，方法篇；第二，命题特点分析；第三，重点章节复习。 第一、方法篇 自学考试英语专业《英语语法》科目是一门理论性和实践性都非常强的课程，旨在考核考生能否熟练掌握现代英语语法的基本理论和概念，掌握词的形态变化和用词造句的规则，以及组句成篇的一般形式和规律。 由于存在着英汉语言体系上的差异、教材的全英版和术语的生僻、语法本身乏味枯燥等外部因素，以及考生英语基础知识薄弱、精读和泛读的阅读数量尚未达到一定量因此不能将一些语法规则变成感性认识加以推演和归纳、甚至还有同学有畏难情绪，一旦跟不上就放弃，或者偷懒，不愿多做一些练习和多记一些概念解释，结果仅以一、二分之差没有及格，令人扼腕。 但是有志者事竟成，这句名言还没有过时。我们举几个成功的例子吧。 我教过的学生中有人刻意让自己爱上语法，首先，她克服困难，把全书通读一遍，可是有那么多不懂的单词和术语怎么办？她问我。我说，把它们暂时放在一边，然后通过例句猜测该词的含义，结果既记住了概念又结合了例句，相辅相成，直到掌握。 比如：什么是extraposition？这个词是由extra－（在……之外，额外）加position（位置），联想到appositive phrase（同位短语），appositive clause （同位语分句）等，那么从该词的外形上可以判定extraposition是“位置放在外围”。 它出现在我们教材中的《信息结构和强调》一章中，我们知道，突出强调信息的几种主要方法（postponement, fronting，inversion， cleaving，existential sentence）之一的后移又有三种后移的方法：passive voice, extraposition and discontinuity。从课本上我们看到这样的例句：To make fun of a disabled man is not funny at all. It is not funny at all to make fun of a disabled man. He found it annoying that his neighbor kept calling him by the wrong name. 你注意到这里有it出现在句中做形式主语和形式宾语，真正的主语和宾语在句末，然后，结合解释“When we re move a clausal subject or object to the final focal position, we use the anticipatory it to fill in the slot. Grammatically speaking, it is the formal subject or object while the extraposed clause is the real or notional subject or object. In function, the extraposed item can be subject or object; in form it can be finite or non-finite. 后移的结果就是满足了末尾重心（end-weight）的原则，达到强调的效果。
现代英语语法 第三章名词、代词和数 3.0引言 简单来说，名词就是表示一个人地点事物事件或者想法的名字的词。名词是语言的重要组成部分，由名词作为主要构成要素的表达，比如a knockout,honesty和the possibility都叫做名词词组，每个名词词组有一个关键成分叫做中心词。（knockout,honesty,possibility），前面还有一个附属成分叫修饰语（a,the） 名词词组可根据外部功能和内部结构来进行分类。 典型的名词词组的结构如下，括号里的部分可能会出现，但并不是一定出现。 （前置修饰语+）中心词（+后置修饰词）。 名词词组的中心词很明显是名词或代词，可带有前置修饰语或后置修饰词，修饰语可为从字到句子的各种不同的层次，如： they people the people the old people people old and sick people in hospital all the sick people in hospital people to receive treatment people receiving treatment people who are receiving treatment etc. 在英语的实际应用中，名词词组结构的变化要受某些因素如中心词的词性、修饰词的结构及修饰词顺序的影响。 就功能而言，名词词组主要可以做主语，宾语，补语和修饰语，有的名词词组甚至可以做状语： The whole building is on fire.（主语）整个大楼都着火了。 I sold my car to my neighbour.（宾语）我把车卖给了我的邻居。 The lump in my chest has melted as I think about her display of love.（主语；宾语）一想到她的爱，我不再哽咽了。 A friend in need is a friend indeed.（主语补语）患难见真情。 You can call me John.（宾补）你可以叫我约翰。 I don't mind if you do it after school.（介词补语）我不介意你放学后是不是干这件事。 He rides a mountain bike.（修饰语）他骑了一辆山地自行车。 He was here yesterday,I'm sure.（状语）我肯定他昨天在这儿。 3.1名词分类 名词有各种各样的分类，可分为具体名词和抽象名词，也可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，还可以分为有生命的名词和无生命的名词。 名词可以根据意思和形式分类，根据意思，名词可以分为两类，专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是特定的人，地点或者事物的名称，拼写时首字母大写，普通名词则是一类人，事物或者抽象的想法的统称，普通名词又可以进一步的划分为个体名词，集体名词，物质名词和抽象名词。从形式上看，名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有复数，并可以与数字连用，带有限定词，而不可数名词则是只有一种形式的名词，使用时可以不带限定词。
最新中考英语语法填空试题集（word） 一、初三中考语法填空（含答案详细解析） 1．语法填空 The British love sending text messages. They________（send）more than 2.5 billion messages every month. And most people now understand the language of text, with its numbers and missing letters. In fact, when a student at a Scottish school wrote the whole article "in txt", his/her teacher________（give）him/her "C+4 f4t"（"C+for effort"）. Although texting is a cheap way of________in touch with your friends, it can also bring problems. In 2005, a British teenager became the________（one）person in the world to receive treatment for an addiction（沉）to text messaging. In one year, the nineteen-year-old spent about ￡4, 5005________ texts. For some people, text messaging has ________（change）their lives. For example, James Trusler from Sussex in England travels around the world taking part in texting competitions and TV shows. He's the world's________（fast）texter and recently set a new world record while he________（appear）on Australian TV. He texted, "The razor-toothed piranhas of the genera Serraslmus and Pygocentrus are the most ferocious freshwater fish in the world. In reality they seldom attack humans."________took him 67 seconds. James sends a lot of text messages-about 2, 500 a month. But he doesn't get big bills ________（because）he works for a large mobile phone company！ 【答案】 send；gave；staying；first；on；changed；fastest；was appearing；It；because 【解析】【分析】这篇短文讲述的是在英国很多人喜欢发短信，在发短信时使用的一些数字和省略的单词形式，现在很多人也都能看明白了。发短信是一种比较便宜的方式，但同时也能带来问题，它甚至还改变了一些人的生活。 （1）句意：英国人喜欢发短信。他们每月发送超过25亿条短信。根据every month，可知时态是一般现在时，主语是they复数，故谓语是动词原形，故填send。 （2）句意：事实上，当苏格兰学校里的一个学生在整篇文章里写文本语言的时候，他的老师会给他一个C+ for effort（这也是一种文本语言）。根据when a student at a Scottish school wrote 可知从句时态是一般过去时，give的过去式是gave，故填gave。 （3）句意：虽然发短信是一个和你的朋友们保持联系的比较便宜的方式，但是它也能带来问题。stay in touch with，固定搭配，与......保持联系，of是介词其后是动名词，故填staying。 （4）句意：句意：在2005年，英国的一个青少年成为了世界上第一个因为沉溺于发短信而接受治疗的人。根据the定冠词可知此处是序数词，first，第一，是序数词，故填first。（5）句意：在一年里，一个19岁的青少年在发短信上花费了4,500英镑。spend +金钱+on sth.，在某事上花费多少钱，故填on。 （6）句意：对于一些人们来说，发短信改变了他们的生活。change是一个动词根据助动词has，可知时态是是现在完成时，故填changed。 （7）句意：他是世界上发短信最快的人。根据 the world's 可知是最高级的标志，fastest，最快的，故填fastest。
豆丁文档，我的最爱初三英语语法模拟试题 一. 被动语态专项练习： 选择填空。 1. In some countries , tea ______ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served 2. Great changes _____ in my hometown since 1980. A. have been taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. were taken place 3. The new type of car is going to ______ in three years. A. turn out B. be turned out C. has turned out D. have been turned out 4. The woman murdered her friend and ______ to ______. A. was sentenced , death B. sentencing , die C. sentenced , death D. sentenced , die 5. －Do you like the skirt? －It _______ soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt 6. Are you still here? You were here an hour ago. Who ________ for? A. are you waiting B. did you wait C. were you waiting D. do you wait 7. _____ to know Professor Zhang. A. He said B. I said C. He is said D. It says 8. －I want to sit at the table near the window. －Sorry , ______ already. A. it took B. it takes C. it is taking D. it has been taken 9. The letter _______ three days ago and it ______ yesterday. A. had post , had arrived B. was posted , arrived C. posted , arrived