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2020年七年级下册单元测试

2020年七年级下册单元测试
2020年七年级下册单元测试

2020年广南二中七年级(下)5—7章

测试题

姓名班级得分

一、选择题。(每题3分,共30分)

1、下列图形中,是轴对称图形的有()个。

①角;②线段;③等腰三角形;④扇形;⑤三角形;⑥正方形;⑦平行四

边形;⑧圆;⑨五边形。

A.5个

B.6个

C. 7个

D.8个

2、下列说法中,正确的是()

A、两个全等三角形组成一个轴对称图形

B、直角三角形一定是轴对称图形

C、轴对称图形是由两个图形组成的

D、等边三角形是有三条对称轴的

轴对称图形。

3、下列各组数中不可能是一个三角形的边长的是()

A 5,12,13

B 5,7,12

C 3,4,5

D 101,102,103

4、三角形中至少有一个角大于或等于()

A 45°

B 55°

C 60°

D 65°

5、判定两个三角形全等,给出如下四组条件:

①两边和一角对应相等;②两角和一边对应相等;

③两个直角三角形中斜边和一条直角边对应相等;④三个角对应相等;

其中能判定这两个三角形全等的条件是()

A ①和②

B ①和④

C ②和③

D ③和④

6、小明一出校门先加速行驶,然后匀速行驶一段后,在距家门不远的地方开始

减速,而最后停下,下面哪一副图可以近似地刻画出以上情况:( )

A B C D

速度 速度 速度 速度

时间 时间 时间 时间 7、变量x 与y 之间的关系是y=2

1-x 2

+1,当自变量x=2时,因变量y 的值是 ( )

A.-2

B.-1

C. 2

D.1 8、如图,已知:D A ∠=∠,21∠=∠,下列条 件中能使ΔABC ≌ΔDEF 的是( ) A 、B E ∠=∠; B 、BC ED =; C 、EF AB =; D 、CD AF =

9、如果一个三角形两边上的高的交点在三角形的内部,那么这个三角形是 ( )

A 、锐角三角形

B 、直角三角形

C 、钝角三角形

D 、任意三角形

10、等腰三角形的周长为13cm ,其中一边长为3cm ,则该等腰三角形的底边长 为( )

A 、7cm

B 、3cm

C 、7cm 或3cm

D 、5cm 二、填空题(每题3分,共30分)

11.小明照镜子的时候,发现T 恤上的英文单词在镜子中呈现“ ”的 样子,请你判断这个英文单词是 。 12、你的前胸写上15,在镜子中你胸前的数是_______。

2

1

F

E

D

C

B

A

13、若三角形的三个内角的度数之比为1∶2∶6,则这三个内角的度数分别 是 。

14、在△ABC 中,已知∠A=30°,∠B=70°,则∠C 的度数是 。 15、已知一个三角形的三条边长为2、7、x ,则x 的取值范围是 16、等腰三角形一个底角为50°,则此等腰三角形顶角为_________________。 17、如图,△ABC 中,∠ABC 和∠ACB 的平分线交于点O ,若∠BOC=120°, 则 ∠A=

18、如图, 一圆锥高为6cm ,当其底面半径从5cm 变化到10cm 时, 其体积从 变化到 (保留π)。

19、在△ABC 中,当面积S 一定时,底边BC 的长度a 与底边BC 上的高h 之 间的关系式为________

20、声音在空气中传播的速度y (米/秒)(简称音速)与气温x (℃)之间的 关系如下:

从表中可知音速y 随温度x 的升高而__________.在气温为20 ℃的一天召 开运动会,某人看到发令枪的烟0.2秒后,听到了枪声,则由此可知,这 个人距发令地点__________米. 三、作图题(每题5分,共10分)

21

A

B

C O

F

E

B C D

A

的三角形完全相同。

22、公路AB 的同侧有工厂C 和D ,要在公路AB 上建一个货场P ,使得两个工 厂C 和D 到货场P 的距离之和最小,请你在图中作出点P ,并说明你这样作

的数学道理。(5分)

四、解答题(每题10分,共50分)

23、在下面过程中的横线上填空,并在括号内注明理由。

已知:如图BC ∥EF ,BC=EF ,AB=DE ;证明:AC与EF相等。 解:∵BC ∥EF (已知)

∴∠ABC=∠__________( )

在△ABC 和△DEF 中 ______=_______( )

∵ _______=_______( )

D C

B

A

______=_______ ( )

∴△ABC ≌___________ ( ) ∴ _______=__________ ( )

24、已知:如图,AC BE BC AD ⊥=,于点AC DF E ⊥,于点F ,且BE=DF

求证:AB ∥DC

A

B

C

D

E F

25、如图,∠BAD=∠CAE ,AB=AD ,AC=AE ,则△ABC ≌△ADE ,请说明理由。

26.图为一位旅行者在早晨8时从城市出发到 郊外所走的路程与时间的变化图。 根据图回答问题。(8分)

(1).图象表示了那两个变量的关系? 哪个是自变量?哪个是因变量?

(2).9时,10时30分,12时所走的路

A

B C

D

E

程分别是多少?

(3).他休息了多长时间?

(4).他从休息后直至到达目的地这段

时间的平均速度是多少?

27.弹簧挂上物体后会伸长,已知一弹簧的长度(cm)与所挂物体的质量(kg)之间的关系如下表:

(1)上表反映了哪些变量之间的关系?哪个是自变量?哪个是因变量?

(2)当物体的质量为3kg时,弹簧的长度怎样变化?

(3)当物体的质量逐渐增加时,弹簧的长度怎样变化?

(4)如果物体的质量为xkg,弹簧的长度为ycm,根据上表写出y与x的关系式。

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