2019英语四级考试阅读专项练习(11)

2019年12月英语四级阅读考试训练(十一)解题技巧：文章中涉及的个人或组织的态度也是一个常考点。

解答这类题目时，应该用这些个人的姓名或组织的名称作为线索词急性定位，找到原文中相对应的段落或句子，再根据文中的用词和句式实行判断…Ofen, older parents hear the ticking of another kind of biological clock. Therapists who work with middle-aged and aged parents say fears about aging are nothing to laugh at. “ They worry they’ll be mistaken for grandparents, or that they’ll need help g etting up out of those little chairs in nursery school,” says Joann Galst, a New York psychologist. But at the core of those little fears there is often a muchi bigger one：“that they won’t be alive enough to supportand protect their child,” she says….Q：What’s the biggest fear of older parents accordingto New York psychologist Joann Galst?A . Being laughed at by other people.B. Slowing down of their paces of life.C. Being mistaken for grandparents.来源：考试大的美女编辑们D. Approaching of death【解析】选D。

2019英语四级阅读冲刺练习及答案(11)The most interesting architectural phenomenon of the 1970's was the enthusiasm for refurnishing older building. Obviously, this was not an entirely new phenomenon. What is new is the whole scale in reusing the past, in recycling, in adaptive rehabilitation (更新 ). A few trial efforts, such asGhirardelli Square in San Francisco, proved their financial feasibility in the 1960's, but it was in the 1970's, with strong government support through tax incentives and rapid depreciation (贬值) , as well as growing interest in ecology (生态) issues, that recycling became a major factor on the urban scene. One of the most comprehensive ventures was the restoration and transformation of Boston's eighteenth century Faneuil Hall and the Quincy Market, designed in 1824. This section had fallen on hard times, but beginning with the construction of a new city hall immediately nearby, it has returned to life with the intelligent reuse of these fine old buildings under the design leadership of Benjamin Thompson.He has provided a marvelous setting for dining, shopping, professional office, and simply walking.Butler Square, in Minneapolis, serves as an example of major changes in its complex of offices, commercial space,and public amenities carved out of a massive pile designed in 1906 as a hardware warehouse. The exciting interior timber structure of the building was highlighted by cutting light courts through the interior and adding large skylights.San Antonio, Texas, offers a big object lesson for numerous other cities combating urban decay. Rather than bringing in the bulldozers ( 推土机) , San Antonio's leadersrehabilitated existing structures, while simultaneously cleaning up the San Antonio River, which runs through the business district.26. The main idea of the passage is_______.A. during the 1970's, old building in many cities were recycled for modern useB. recent interest in ecology issues has led to the cleaning up of many riversC. the San Antonio example shows that bulldozers are not the right way to fight urban decay. D. strong government support has made adaptive rehabilitation a reality in Boston27. According to the passage, Benjamin Thompson was the designer for a project inA. BostonB. San FranciscoC. MinneapolisD. San Antonio28. The space at Quincy Market is now used as_______.A. Boston's new city hallB. sports and recreational facilitiesC. commercial and industrial warehousesD. restaurants, offices, and stores29. What is the author's opinion of the San Antonio's project?A. It is clearly the best of the projects discussed.B. It is a good project that could be copied by other cities.C. The extensive use of bulldozers made the project unnecessarily costly.D. The work done on the river was more important than work done on the buildings.30. The passage states that the San Antonio project differed from those in Boston and Minneapolis in that_______.A. it consisted primarily of new buildingsB. it occurred in the business districtC. it involved the environment as well as buildingsD. it was designed to combat urban decay答案：26. A 27. A 28. D 29.B 30.C。

2019年12月英语四六级考试阅读专项练习题及答案（14）2019年12月英语四六级考试阅读专项练习题及答案(14)Most of us trade money for entertainment. Movies, concerts and shows are enjoyable but __11__ .If you think that you can't have a good time without spending a lot of money, read on. A little resourcefulness and a few minutes of newspaper-scanning should give you some pleasant surprises.People may be the most interesting show in a large city. __12__ through busy streets and see what everybody else is doing. You will probably see people from all over the world; you will __13__ see people of every age, size, and shape, and you'll get a free fashion show, too. Window-shopping is also a __14__ sport if the stores are closed.Check the listings in your neighborhood paper. Local colleges or schools often__ 15__ the public to hear an interesting speaker or a good __16 __. The film or concert series at the local public library probably won't cost you a penny. Be sure to check commercial advertisements too. A flea market can provide hours of pleasant looking round. Perhaps you can find a free cooking or crafts __17__ in a department store.Plan ahead for some activities. It is always more pleasant not to have people in front of you in a museum or at a zoo. You may save some money, too, since these places often __18 __aside one or two free __19__ days at slow times during the week. Make sure that you are including the indispensable __20__ that people travel miles to see. If you feel liketaking an interesting walk, find a free walking tour, or plan one yourself.A. expensiveB. WonderC.debateD. admissionE. setF. WanderG.safeH. additionI. valuable J. dispute K.welcome L. confidentlyM. sights N. demonstration O.certainlyDespite these alarming statistics, the scale of thethreat that smoking causes to women's health has received surprisingly little attention. Smoking is still seen by many as a mainly male problem, perhaps because men were the first to take up the habit and therefore the first to suffer theill-effects. This is no longer the case. Women who smoke like men will die like men. WHO estimates that, in industrialized countries, smoking rates amongst men and women are very similar, at around 30 per cent; in a large number of developed countries, smoking is now more common among teenage girls than boys.As women took up smoking later than men, the full impact of smoking on their health has yet to be seen. But it is clear from countries where women have smoked longest, such as the United Kingdom and the United States, that smoking causes the same diseases in women as in men and the gap betweentheir death rates is narrowing. On current trends, some 20 to 25 per cent of women who smoke will die from their habit. One in three of these deaths will be among women under 65 year of age. The US Surgeon General has estimated that, amongst thesewomen, smoking is responsible for around 40 per cent heart disease deaths, 55 per cent of lethal strokes and, among women of all ages, 80 per cent of lung cancer deaths and 30 per cent of all cancer deaths. Over the last 20 years, death rates in women from lung cancer have more than doubled in Japan, Norway, Poland, Sweden and the United Kingdom; have increased by more than 200 per cent in Australia, Denmark and New Zealand; and have increased by more than 300 per cent in Canada and the United States.21. The effect of smoking on women has not been paid enough attention because______.A. men suffer more from smokingB. men would like women to smokeC. men are considered the main sufferers of smokingD. there are alarming statistics of death caused by smoking22. "This is no longer the case. " The word "this" refers to______.A. that men used to suffer the ill-effectsB. that there were alarming statisticsC. that the scale of threat become largerD. that women suffered from smoking as greatly as men23. From the fact that in some developed countries smoking is now more common among teenage girls than boys, we can predict that in the days to come, ______.A. women will have the same diseases as men采集者退散B. more women may suffer from smoking than menC. the smoking rates among men and women will dropD. the teenage girls today may give up smoking when they are grown-ups24. All of the following statements are the effects of smokingon women EXCEPT thatA. the death rates of the women and men who are smoking are in similar proportionB. smoking causes the same diseases in women as in menC. in the past 20 years, death rates in women from lung cancer have more than doubledD. smoking is responsible for 30 percent of all cancer deaths among women25. In the phrase "lethal stroke", the word "lethal" most probably means______.A. causing deathB. causing discomfortC. causing poor healthD. causing anxietyThe men who race the cars are generally small, with a tight, nervous look. They range from the early 20s to the middle 40s, and it is usually their nerves that go first.Fear is the driver's constant companion, and tragedy can be just a step behind. Scarcely a man in the 500 does not carry the scars of ancient crashes. The mark of the plastic surgeon is everywhere, and burned skin is common. Sometimes a driver's scars are invisible, part of his heritage. Two youngdrivers, Billy Vukovich and Gary Bettenhausen, raced in their first 500 in 1968. Less than 20 years before, their fathers also competed against one another on the Indy track—and died there.All this the drivers accept. Over the years, they have learned to trust their own techniques, reflexes, and courage. They depend, too, on a trusted servant—scientific engineering. Though they may not have had a great deal of schooling (an exception is New Zealand's Bruce McLaren, who has an engineering degree), manydrivers are gifted mechanics, with a feeling for their engines that amount to kinship.A few top drivers have become extremely wealthy, withsix-figure incomes from prize money, endorsements, and jobs with auto-product manufacturers. Some have businesses of their own. McLaren designs racing chassis (底盘). DanGurney's California factory manufactured the chassis of three of the first four ears in the 1968 Indy 500, including his own second place car.Yet money is not the only reason why men race cars. Perhaps it isn't even the major reason. Three-time Indywinner(1961, 1964, 1967) A. J. Foyt, for example, can frequently be found competing on dirty tracks in minor-league races, where money, crowds and safety features are limited, and only the danger is not. Why does he do it? Sometimes Foyt answers, "It's in my blood. " Other times he says, "It's good practice. " Now and then he replies, "Don't ask dumb questions. "26. The statement "it is usually their nerves that go first" means_______.A. at first they all have a nervous lookB. they often find they can't bear the tension even if they are in good conditionC. someday they find they can't make responses to anyriskD. they can continue their career at most until the middle 40s27. It can be inferred that a car accident is often coupled with_______.A. a plastic surgeonB. a companionC. a riskD. a firewww.28. The invisible scars of the drivers mentioned in the second paragraph refers to_______.A. the regrets left by their fathersB. the fears left by their fathersC. the cars left by their fathersD. the heritage left by their fathers29. Bruce McLaren is different from most of the driversin that_______.A. he himself designs chassisB. he has an engineering degreeC. he manufactures chassisD. he is a gifted mechanic30. A. J. Foyt often takes part in minor-league racesfor_______.A. prize moneyB. blood testC. cheers from the crowdD. enjoymentII. A 12. F 13. O 14. G 15. K 16. C 17. N 18. E 19. D 20. M 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. D。

2019年全国英语等级考试四级阅读理解训练试题21.rA]rather than[B]rather than of[C]rather…thanof[D]not of22.[A]of these[B]of that[C]of a person [D]of those23.[A]in his mme [B]to his name[C]under the name of[D]in their name 24.[A]nation[B]country[C]nationality[D]national25.[A]in [B]of[C]under[D]with26.[A]accepted[B]accepting[C]accepting as[D]accepted as27.[A]charges[B]transforms[C]tums[D]transfers28.[A]is[B]has long been[C]are[D]have long been29.[A]donation[B]giving[C]sending[D]contribution30.[A]that[B]what[C]which[D]in which31.[A]amounts[B]numbers[C]amount[D]number32.[A]few[B]some people[C]many people[D]many others33.[A]may[B]can[C]must[D]are obliged to34.[A]to him[B]to them[C]to her[D]to US35.[A]improve[B]change[C]care[D]alleviate36.[A]talk[B]persuade[C]say[D]convinced37.[A]non-violent[B]violent[C]inviolent[D]noviolent38.[A]proceeded[B]pioneered[C]processed[D]possessed39.[A]variety[B]kinds[C]sorts[D]various40.[A]the poor people[B]the black[C]Jesus[D]Christians41.At first，NASA is__________private citizen’S space travel.[A]for[B]against[C]indifferent to[D]hesitant about42.The time between American businessman Dennis Tito’s and a South African businessman Mark Shuttleworth’space travel is__________.[A]one year[B]two years[C]three vears[D]four years43.NASA thinks space travellers must__________to do private space travel.[A]observe safety measures carefully[B]have a new desire to use space vehicles for civilian travel[C]negotiate with Russia or NASA[D]be as rich as Dennis Tito and Mark Shuttleworth44.If a person really wants to go to the space station，he or she should spend——in total.[A]$200000[B]twelve million dollars[C]twentv million dollars[D]more than twenty million dollars45.Those who want to travel in the spaceshould__________.[A]afford the expenses of the space trip[B]pass the health check and physical training[C]speak English[D]all of the above。

2019年专业英语四级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. DICTATION 2. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 3. LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE 4. CLOZE 5. READING COMPREHENSION 6. WRITINGPART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.听力原文：SLANG We often use slang expressions when we talk because they are so vivid and colorful. However, they are usually out of place in formal writing / because of a number of drawbacks. / They go out of date quickly / and become tiresome if used too much. / And they may communicate clearly to some readers but not to others. / In general, we should avoid the use of slang in our writing.1．Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage, except the first sentence, will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of fifteen seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given ONE minute to check through your work once more. Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE. The first sentence of the passage is already provided. Now, listen to the passage. SLANG We often use slang expressions when we talk because they are so vivid and colorful.______ _____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ _____正确答案：SLANG We often use slang expressions when we talk because they are so vivid and colorful. However, they are usually out of place in formal writing / because of a number of drawbacks. / They go out of date quickly / and become tiresome if used too much. / And they may communicate clearly to some readers but not to others. / In general, we should avoid the use of slang in our writing.解析：由标题和首句可知，短文围绕语言中的“俚语”这一主题展开。

英语四级阅读理解练习题：美国人的睡眠欠债American society is not nap (午睡) friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. "There's even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep". Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a proverb: "Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven. " Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. " We have to totally change our attitude toward napping", says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research. ? Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an "American sleep debt" which one member said was as important as the national debt, The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, president Clinton is trying to take a half?hour snooze (打瞌睡) every afternoon. ? About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have "a midafternoon quiet phase"also called"a secondary sleep gate. "Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born to nap. ? We Superstars of Snooze don't nap to replace lost shut?eye or to prepare for a night shift. Rather, we"snack"on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums.这是一篇说明文，讨论了nap(小睡，打盹)及睡眠充足的积极意义。

2019年6月英语四级真题试卷完整版(第一套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to assist elderly people in the neighborhood. Y ou should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________PartⅡListening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and then questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)He set a record be swimming to and from an island.B)He celebrated ninth birthday on a small island.C)He visited a prison located on a faraway island.D)He swam around an island near San Francisco.2.A)He doubled the reward.B)He cheered him on all the way.C)He set him an example.D)He had the event covered on TV.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)To end the one-child policy.B)To encourage late marriage.C)To increase working efficiency.D)To give people more time to travel.4.A)They will not be welcomed by young people.B)They will help to popularize early marriage.C)They will boost China‟s economic growth.D)They will not come into immediate effect.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)Cleaning service in great demand all over the world.B)Two ladies giving up well-paid jobs to do cleaning.C)A new company to clean up the mess after parties.D)Cleaners gainfully employed at nights and weekends.6.A)It takes a lot of time to prepare.B)It leaves the house in a mess.C)It makes party goers exhausted.D)It creates noise and misconduct.7.A)Hire an Australian lawyer.B)Visit the U.S. and Canada.C)Settle a legal dispute.D)Expand their business.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)He had a driving lesson.B)He got his driver‟s license.C)He took the driver‟s theory exam.D)He passed the driver‟s road test.9.A)He was not well prepared.B)He did not get to the exam in time.C)He was not used to the test format.D)He did not follow the test procedure.10.A)They are tough.B)They are costly.C)They are helpful.D)They are too short.11.A)Pass his road test the first time.B)Test-drive a few times on highways.C)Find an experienced driving instructor.D)Earn enough money for driving lessons.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Where the woman studies.B)The acceptance rate at Leeds.C)Leeds‟ tuition for international students.D)How to apply for studies at a university.13.A)Apply to an American university.B)Do research on higher education.C)Perform in a famous musical.D)Pursue postgraduate studies.14.A)His favorable recommendations.B)His outstanding musical talent.C)His academic excellence.D)His unique experience.15. A) Do a master‟s degree.B) Settle down in England.C) Travel widely.D) Teach overseas.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three orfour questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) They help farmers keep diseases in check.B) Many species remain unknown to scientists.C) Only a few species cause trouble to humans.D) They live in incredibly well-organized colonies.17. A) They are larger than many other species.B) They can cause damage to people‟s homes.C) They can survive a long time without water.D) They like to form colonies in electrical units.18. A) Deny them access to any food.B) Keep doors and windows shut.C) Destroy their colonies close by.D) Refrain from eating sugary food.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) The function of the human immune system.B) The cause of various auto-immune diseases.C) The viruses that may infect the human immune system.D) The change in people‟s immune system as they get older.20. A) Report their illnesses.B) Offer blood samples.C) Act as research assistants.D) Help to interview patients.21. A) Strengthening people‟s immunity to infection.B) Better understan ding patients‟ immune system.C) Helping improve old people‟s health conditions.D) Further reducing old patients‟ medical expenses.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) His students had trouble getting on with each other.B) A lot of kids stayed at school to do their homework.C) His students were struggling to follow his lessons.D) A group of kids were playing chess after school.23. A) Visit a chess team in Nashville.B) Join the school‟s chess team.C) Participate in a national chess competition.D) Receive training for a chess competition.24. A) Most of them come from low-income families.B) Many have become national chess champions.C) A couple of them have got involved in crimes.D) Many became chess coaches after graduation.25. A) Actions speak louder than words.B) Think twice before taking action.C) Translate their words into action.D) Take action before it gets too late.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. Y ou are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Y ou may not use any of the words in the bank more than once．The center of American automobile innovation has in the past decade moved 2,000 miles away. It has 26__ from Detroit to Silicon V alley, where self-driving vehicles are coming into life.In a 27___ to take production back to Detroit, Michigan lawmakers have introduced 28___ that could make their state the best place in the country, if not the world, to develop self-driving vehicles and put them on the road.“Michigan‟s 29___ in auto research and development is under attack from several states and countries which desire to 30___ our leadership in tr ansportation. We can‟t let happen,” says Senator Mike Kowall, the lead 31___ of four bills recently introduced.If all four bills pass as written, they would 32___ a substantial update of Michigan‟s 2013 law that allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited conditions. Manufacturer would have nearly total freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads. They would be allowed to send groups of self-driving cars on cross-state road trips, and even set on-demand 33___ of self-driving cars, like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial application of self-driving technology. In 34___ , California, home of Silicon Valley, recently proposed far more 35___ rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, and commercial use of self-driving technology.A) bidB) contrastC) deputyD) dominanceE) fleetsF) knotsG) legislationH) migratedI) replaceJ) representk) restrictiveL) rewardM) significantN) sponsorO) transmittedSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. Y ou may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How Work Will Change When Most of Us Live to 100A) Today in the United States there are 72,000 centenarians（百岁老人）.Worldwide, Probably 450,000. If current trends continue, then by 2050 there will be more than a million in the US alone. According to the work of Professor James V aupel and his co-researchers, 50% of babies born in the US in 2007 have a life expectancy of 104 or more. Broadly the same holds for the UK, Germany, France, Italy and Canada, and for Japan 50% of 2007 babies can expect to live to 107.B) Understandably, there are concerns about what this means for public finances given the associated health and pension challenges. These challenges are real, and society urgently needs to address them. But it is also important to look at the wider picture of what happens when so many people live for 100 years. It is a mistake to simply equate longevity (长寿) with issues of old age. Longer lives have implications for all of life, not just the end of it.C) Our view is that if many people are living for longer, and are healthier for longer, then this will result in an inevitable redesign of work and life. When people live longer, they are not only older for longer, but also younger for longer. There is some truth in the saying that “70 is the new 60” or “40 the new 30.” If you age more slowly over a longer time period, then you are in some sense younger for longer.D) But the changes go further than that. Take, for instance, the age at which people make commitments such as buying a house, getting married, having children, or starting a career. These are all fundamental commitments that are now occurring later in life. In 1962, 50% of Americans were married by age 21. By 2014, that milestone(里程碑)had shifted to age 29.E) While there are numerous factors behind these shifts, one factor is surely a growing realization for the young that they are going to live longer. Options are more valuable the longer they can be held. So if you believe you will live longer, then options become more valuable, and early commitment becomes less attractive. The result is that the commitments that previously characterized the beginning of adulthood are now being delayed, and new patterns of behavior and a new stage of life are emerging for those in their twenties.F) Longevity also pushes back the age of retirement, and not only for financial reasons. Y es, unless people are prepared to save a lot more, our calculations suggest that if you are now in your mid-40s, then you are likely to work until your early 70s; and if you are in your early 20s, there is a real chance you will need to work until your late 70s or possibly even into your 80s. But even if people are able to economically support a retirement at 65, over thirty years of potential inactivity is harmful to cognitive(认知的) and emotional vitality. Many people may simply not want to do it.G) And yet that does not mean that simply extending our careers is appealing. Just lengthening that second stage of full-time work may secure the financial assets needed for a 100-year life, but such persistent work will inevitably exhaust precious intangible assets such as productive skills, vitality, happiness, and friendship.H) The same is true for education. It is impossible that a single shot of education, administered in childhood and early adulthood, will be able to support a sustained, 60-year career. If you factor in the projected rates of technological change, either your skills will become unnecessary, or your industry outdated. That means that everyone will, at some point in their life, have to make a number of major reinvestments in their skills.I) It seems likely, then, that the traditional three-stage life will evolve into multiple stages containing two, three, or oven more different careers. Each of these stages could potentially be different. In one the focus could be on building financial success and personal achievement, in another on creating a better work/life balance, still another on exploring and understanding options more fully, or becoming an independent producer, yet another on making a social contribution. These stages will span sectors, take people to different cities, and provide foundation for building a wide variety of skills.J) Transitions between stages could be marked with sabbaticals (休假) as people find them rest and recharge their health, re-invest in their relationships, or improve their skills. At times, these breaks and transitions will beself-determined, at others they will be forced as existing roles, firms, or industries cease to exist.K）A multi-stage life will have profound changes not just in how you manage your career, but also in your approach to life. An increasingly important skill will be your ability to deal with change and even welcome it. A three-stage life has few transitions, while a multi-stage life has many. That is why being self-aware, investing in broader networks of friends, and being open to new ideas will become even more crucial skills.L）These multi-stage lives will create extraordinary variety across groups of people simply because there are so many ways of sequencing the stages. More stages mean more possible sequences.M）With this variety will come the end of the close association of age and stage. I n a three-stage life, people leave university at the same time and the same age, they tend to start their careers and family at the same age, they proceed through middle management all roughly the same time, and then move into retirement within a few years of each other. In a multi-stage life, you could be an undergraduate at 20, 40, or 60; a manager at 30, 50, or 70; and become an independent producer at any age.N）Current life structures, career paths, educational choices, and social norms are out of tune with the emerging reality of longer lifespans. The three-stage life of full-time education, followed by continuous work, and then complete retirement may have worked for our parents or even grandparents, but it is not relevant today. We believe that to focus on longevity as primarily an issue of aging is to miss its full implications. Longevity is not necessarily about being older for longer. It is about living longer, being older later, and being younger longer.36. An extended lifespan in the future will allow people to have more careers than now.37. Just extending one‟s career may have both positive and negative effects.38. Nowadays, many Americans have on average delayed their marriage by some eight years.39. Because of their longer lifespan, young people today no longer follow the pattern of life of their parents or grandparents.40. Many more people will be expected to live over 100 by the mid-21st century.41. A longer life will cause radical changes in people‟s approach to life.42. Fast technological change makes it necessary for one to constantly upgrade their skills.43. Many people may not want to retire early because it would do harm to their mental and emotional well-being.44. The close link between age and stage may cease to exist in a multi-stage life.45. People living a longer and healthier life will have to rearrange their work and life.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Y ou should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.In the classic marriage vow（誓约）, couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health. But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife-not the husband—becomes seriously ill.“Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress of divorce,” said researcher Amelia Karraker.Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2,717 marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University since 1992. At the time of the first interview, at least one of the partners was over the age of 50.The researchers examined how the onset（发生）of four serious physical illnesses affected marriages. They found that, overall, 31% of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied. The incidence of new chronic（慢性的）illness onset increased over time as will, with more husbands than wives developing serious health problems.“We found that women are doubly vulnerable to marital break-up in the face of illness,” Karraker said. “They‟re more likely to be widowed, and if they‟re the noes who become ill, they‟re more likely to get divorced.”While the study didn‟t assess why divorce in more likely when wives but not husbands become seriously ill, Karraker offers a few possible reasons. “Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving many make it more difficult for men to provide care t o sick spouses,” Karraker said. “And because of the imbalance in marriage markets, especially in older ages, divorced men have more choices among prospective partners than divorced women.”Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging population, Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between disease and risk of divorce.“Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves may reduce marital stress and prevent divorce at older ages,” she said. “But it‟s also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs.”46. What can we learn about marriage vows from the passage?A) They may not guarantee a lasting marriage.B) They are as binding as they used to be.C) They are not taken seriously any more.D) They may help couples tide over hard times.47. What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elderly husbands?A) They are generally not good at taking care of themselves.B) They can become increasingly vulnerable to serious illnesses.C) They can develop different kinds of illnesses just like their wives.D) They are more likely to contract serious illnesses than their wives.48. What does Karraker say about women who fall ill?A) They are more likely to be widowed.B) They are more likely to get divorced.C) They are less likely to receive good care.D) They are less likely to bother their spouses.49. Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spouses according to Karraker?A) They are more accustomed to receiving care.B) They find it more important to make money for the family.C) They think it more urgent to fulfill their social obligations.D) They expect society to do more of the job.50. What does Karraker think is also important?A) Reducing marital stress on wives.B) Stabilizing old couples‟s relations.C) Providing extra care for divorced women.D) Making men pay for their wives‟ health costs.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.If you were like most children, you probably got upset when your mother called you by a sibling‟s(兄弟姐妹的)name. How could she not know you? Did it mean she loved you less?Probably not. According to the first research to tackle this topic head-on, misnaming the most familiar people in our life is a common cognitive (认知的)error that has to do with how our memories classify and store familiar names.The study, published o nline in April in the journal Memory and Cognition, found that the “wrong” name is not random but is invariably fished out from the same relationship pond: children, siblings, friends. The study did not examine the possibility of deep psychological signifi cance to the mistake, says psychologist David Rubin, “but it does tell us who‟s in and who‟s out of the group.”The study also found that within that group, misnamings occurred where the names shared initial or internal sounds, like Jimmy and Joanie or John and Bob. Physical resemblance between people was not a factor. Nor was gender.The researchers conducted five separate surveys of more than 1,700 people. Some of the surveys included only college students; others were done with a mixed-age population. Some asked subjects about incidents where someone close to them—family or friend—had called them by another person‟s name. The other surveys asked about times when subjects had themselves called someone close to them by the wrong name. All the surveys found that people mixed up names within relationship groups such as grandchildren, friends and siblings but hardly ever crossed these boundaries.In general, the study found that undergraduates were almost as likely as old people to make this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and women made the mistake slightly more often, but that may be because grandparents have more grandchildren to mix up than parents have children. Also, mothers may call on their children more often than fathers, given traditional gender norms. There was no evidence that errors occurred more when the misnamer was frustrated, tired or angry.51.How might people often feel when they were misnamed?A)Unwanted.B)Unhappy.C)Confused.D)Indifferent.52.What did David Rubin‟s research find about misnaming?A)It is related to the way our memories work.B)It is a possible indicator of a faulty memory.C)It occurs mostly between kids and their friends.D)It often causes misunderstandings among people.53. What is most likely the cause of misnaming?A) Similar personality traits.B) Similar spellings of names.C) Similar physical appearance.D) Similar pronunciation of names.54. What did the surveys of more than 1,700 subjects find about misnaming?A) It more often than not hurts relationships.B) It hardly occurs across gender boundaries.C) It is most frequently found in extended families.D) It most often occurs within a relationship groups.55. Why do mothers misname their children more often than fathers?A) They suffer more frustrations.B) They become worn out more often.C) They communicate more with their children.D) They generally take on more work at home.Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. Y ou should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.剪纸是中国民间艺术的一种独特形式，已有2000多年历史。

2019年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案：长篇阅读段落匹配Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You Endure[A] As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing work session in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with (继续处理) the emails that have inevitably still piled up.[B] Why should flying deplete us? We’re just sitting there doing nothing. Why can’t we be tougher, more resilient (有复原力的) and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our current research, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.[C] We often take a militaristic, “tough” approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling himself through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play. We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.[D] The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery—whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones—is costing our companies $62 billion a year in lost productivity.[E] And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we arerecovering. We “stop” work sometimes at 5pm, but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work we’ll do tomorrow. In a study just released, researchers from Norway found that 7.8% of Norwegians have become workaholics(工作狂). The scientists cite a definition of “workaholism”as “being overly concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, and investing so much time and effort in work that it impairs other important life areas.”[F] We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers, which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the U.S. Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project. What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurtingeveryone on the road with his impaired driving; he doesn’t have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-control with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and the bad habits we acquire when we’re young only magnify when we hit the workforce.[H] As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zone, you need more time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Gathering your resources to “try hard” requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level. It also worsens exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking, the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.[I] So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, your brain will naturally recover, so that when you start again later in the day or the next morning, you’ll have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had times when you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested,but you can still feel exhausted the next day. That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing.[J] If you’re trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods. As researchers Zijlstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper: “Internal recovery refers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work—e.g. in the free time between the work days, and during weekends, holidays or vacations.” If after work you lie around on your bed and get irritated by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states. Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.[K] If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggestsdownloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every distraction took only 1 minute, that would account for 2.5 hours a day.[L] In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries. Try to not have lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends—not talking about work. Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.[M] As for us, we’ve started using our plane time as a work-free zone, and thus time to dip into the recovery phase. The results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane, and the crowded space and unstable internet connection make work more challenging. Now, instead of swimming upstream, we relax, sleep, watch movies, or listen to music. And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone.36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents.37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is.38. Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases one’s work efficiency.39. The author always has a hectic time before takinga flight.40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking.42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.43. The author has come to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.44. People’s distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing.45. People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.答案：36.D37. J38. L39. A40. E41. K42. I43.B44. G45. C温馨提示：考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对。

2019年12月英语四级阅读练习题：自由女神像Americas most famous woman is the Goddess of Liberty, i. e. the Statue of Liberty. It was first thought of in 1865 by Edouard de Laboulaye and designed by another Frenchman, Frederic Bartoldi. They wanted to 11 liberty and friendship.It was hoped that the monument would be completed by 1876 when America 12 its centennial. Fund raising and the 13 of the statue in France went slowly. It was 1885 when the 214 crates containing the statue reached New York.Americans were initially 14 for they had not raised the money to pay for the erection of the base. Fund raising by popular subscription was behind 15 . One fund raising method used was to have popular Americans write letters which were then sold in public.The base and statue, 16 272 feet tall, were completed in 1886. From a 17 standpoint, the statue is a marvel. The inner structure was designed by the French engineer, Alexandre Eiffel. His design for the stressed copper skin of the statue anticipated many of the 18 utilized in modern aircraft.After a century, the monument began to show signs of getting worse in 19 . Just as Frenchmen had created the Statue, so it was with restoration.A Frenchman noted the decay and French and American craftsmen and contributions brought about the renewal of the Statue in time for its centennial.Liberty is still 20 in France and the United States.A. completelyB. measuresC. popularD. togetherE. honorF. manufactureG. scheduleH. rewardI. celebrated J. principles K. embarrassed L. technical M. voluntary N conditions 0. discouraged答案：11. E 12. I 13. F 14. K 15. G 16. D 17. L 18. J。

2019大学英语四级考试阅读专项练习(24)Passage 2As the __11__ of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in habit ofrushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there isno way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often __12__ to be. A certain amount of stress is __13__ to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor__14__ and ill health.The amount of stress a person can __15__ depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are __16__ prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of__17__ difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we makechoice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choices made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so __18__ , but however little the stress, it involves the same response. Itis when such a reaction lasts long, through continued __19__to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress. Since we cannot __20__ stressfrom our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could) , we need to find ways to deal with it.A. cancelB. paceC. extremeD. automaticallyE. removeF. vitalG. performanceH. supposedI. rate J. exposure K. achievement L. unusualM obviously N withstand O harshPassage 3In the early days of nuclear power, the United States make money on it. But today opponents (反对者 ) have so complicated its development that no nuclear plants have been ordered or built here in 12 years.The greatest fear of nuclear power opponents has always been a reactor "meltdown". Today, the chances of a meltdown that would threaten U. S. public health are very little. Butto even further reduce the possibility, engineers are testing new reactors that rely not on human judgment to shut themdown but on the laws of nature. Now General Electric isalready building two advanced reactors in Japan. But don't expect them even on U. S. shores unless things change in Washington.The procedure for licensing nuclear power plants is abad dream. Any time during, or even after, construction, an objection by any group or individual can bring everything toa halt while the matter is investigated or taken to court. Meanwhile, the builder must add nice-but-not-necessary improvements, some of which force him to knock down walls and start over. In every case when a plant has been opposed, theNuclear Regulation Commission has ultimately granted alicense to construct or operate. But the victory often costsso much that the utility ends up abandoning the plant anyway.A case in point is the Shoreham plant on New York's Long Island. Shoreham was a virtual twin to the Millstone plant in Connecticut, both ordered in the mid-60's. Millstone, completed for $ 101 million, has been generating electricity for two decades. Shoreham, however, was singled out by antinuclear activists who, by sending in endless protests, drove the cost over $ 5 billion and delayed its use for many years.Shoreham finally won its operation license. But theplant has never produced a watt power. Governor Mario Cuomo, an opponent of a Shoreham start up, used his power to force New York's public-utilities commission to accept thefollowing settlement： the power company could pass the costof Shoreham along to its consumers only if it agreed not to operate the plant. I'oday, a perfectly good facility, capable of servicing hundreds of thousands of homes, sits rusting.21.The author's attitude toward the development ofnuclear power is______.A. negativeB. neutralC. positiveD. questioning22.What has made the procedure for licensing nuclear power plants a bad dream?A. The inefficiency of the Nuclear Regulation Commission.B. The enormous cost of construction and operation.。